lectie vaccinuri

7/28/2019 lectie vaccinuri

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Immunizations for Children and Teens

Protect Your Familys HealthWith Immunizations

Developed By: Barbara (Bobbi) Clarke, PhD, RD

Professor, Extension Health Specialist and Co-director for The University of

Tennessee Center for Community-based Health Initiatives~ Updated 12/03 ~


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Immunizations for Children and Teens2

How Many Shots Does My ChildNeed and When?

11 vaccine-preventable diseases

Total of 24 doses of 7 different vaccines

Most delivered by injection (shots)

Most given between birth and age 2

Booster shots are needed for some

diseasesbetween ages of 4 and 6,and again between ages 11 and 12


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Why Do Children Need So Many Shots?

Diphtheria

Tetanus (lockjaw)Pertussis (Whooping Cough)

Haemophilus Influenzaetype b (Hib Disease causesbacterial meningitis and other

bacterial diseases likepneumonia)

Hepatitis B

Measles

MumpsRubella (German Measles)

Pneumococcal Disease

Polio

Varicella (Chickenpox)

11 po tent ial ly ser ious vaccin e-preventable diseases:


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How Serious Are These Diseases?Can cause pneumonia, choking, braindamage, heart problems, crippling, liver

cancer and blindness.Any of them can kill a child.


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Why Are So Many VaccinesGiven at Such a Young Age?

The diseases can strike at a very youngage.

Some diseases are far more serious orcommon among babies and youngchildren.


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Why Should I Follow anImmunizations Schedule?

Immunizations work best when given atcertain ages.

Routine immunization schedule is basedon recommendations by experts.


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What Happensif Your Child Misses a Shot?

Can catch up on missed shots

Not safe to postpone shots unless child issick

Most are given by age 2


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What Happensif Your Child Misses a Shot?

Without the vaccine, your child is notprotected from a specific disease.

Talk to your doctor or health departmentnurse about how to get your child up-to-date on his/her immunizations.

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Key Points About Each VaccineDTaP Protects against diphtheria(severe infection of the throat and respiratory

tract), tetanus (a serious neurologicaldisorder that may occur from a contaminatedwound, also called lockjaw), and pertussis(whooping cough).


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Key Points About Each VaccineHib Protects against Haemophilusinfluenzae type b (a bacteria that causes

meningitis, pneumonia and skin and throatinfections).

Hep B Protects against hepatitis B (liverinfection).

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Key Points About Each VaccinePCV7 Protects against pneumococcalinfections including bacterial meningitis

(spinal cord & brain), bacteremia (blood),pneumonia (lungs) and otitis media (ear).

Varicella Protects against chickenpox(a viral skin disease).


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Other ImmunizationsYour Child May Need

Influenza(flu) vaccine

Rabies vaccine (only if exposed to rabies)

Vaccines unique to other countries

Need to get these in advance before the trip in orderto build up immunity against the disease

Check out this site for more information about

vaccinations before traveling to a foreign country:http://www.cdc.gov/travel/
http://www.cdc.gov/travel/http://www.cdc.gov/travel/


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Tips for Talking to Your ChildAbout Shots

Do NOT share your fear about shots

Explain that shots help keep them from getting

sickTell your child you will be there for him/her

Try a distraction just as the shot is given

Do NOT say the shot does not hurt - it does!

Congratulate your child for being bravePlan something fun or special after theshot to reward his/her bravery


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Are There Immunizations for Teens?Yes!

Tetanus and diphtheria (Td vaccine)

booster at 11- 12 years of age and every 10years

Teens with chronic diseases need protectionagainst the flu and pneumonia

Chickenpox vaccine if not vaccinated

Hepatitis B vaccine for childrenages 8 to 18


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Immunizations for TeensHepatitis A vaccine may be needed if

Moving to certain states in the U.S. that have

a high prevalence of the disease

Traveling or working in countries where thedisease is common

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Immunizations for TeensOne dose (4 weeks apart) ofvaricella(chickenpox) vaccine at 11 12 years of

age and two doses for teens 13 years ofage or older

Flu shot each year if at high risk for

complications from influenzaPneumococcal vaccine if at high risk

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What About College Students?Meningitis - infection of the fluid of thespinal cord and fluid that surrounds the

brainMeningococcal vaccine

Students and parents should talk to their

doctor regarding this vaccine


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RememberStick to a schedulefor your childsimmunizations

2 months

4 months

6 months

Keep a recordof your childsimmunizations

4-6 years

11-12 years


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Questions?

Documents

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