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篠原 正典 元環境科学技術研究所・研究員・エコノート（＝ミニ地球居住者） 帝京科学大学・生命環境学部・自然環境学科・准教授 JAXA 宇宙イノヴェーションハブ 月面農場WG 検討委員 宇宙ユニットセミナー 2018 ＠ 京都大学 バイオスフィア実験 を経験して考えた 人類の宇宙進出 （永続的な存続） 前に検討したいこと Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon, mars, and beyond.

Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

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Page 1: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

篠原 正典元環境科学技術研究所・研究員・エコノート（＝ミニ地球居住者）

帝京科学大学・生命環境学部・自然環境学科・准教授

JAXA 宇宙イノヴェーションハブ 月面農場WG 検討委員

宇宙ユニットセミナー 2018 ＠ 京都大学

バイオスフィア実験を経験して考えた人類の宇宙進出（永続的な存続）前に検討したいこと

Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into

moon, mars, and beyond.

Page 2: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

本業は 生物学（動物行動学）でイルカを研究 撮影 高輪奈々

Page 3: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,
Page 4: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

大学院・ＰＤ 教員職を得て～

Page 5: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,
Page 6: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

財団法人 環境科学技術研究所（平成2年設立）

“ミニ地球”閉鎖型生態系実験施設ＣＥＥＦ

(財)環境科学技術研究所 @ 青森・六ヶ所

Page 7: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

撮影 高田洋三氏

Page 8: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

ＰＤ後の30～37歳

Page 9: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

居住者のミニ地球での役割り

農夫

運転員・整備員

消費者

Page 10: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

全く関係のない研究なのでは？

Page 11: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

「いきもの」は

どこからきてどこにいて

どこへいくのか

Page 12: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

ヒト と そうならなかったものとの差分を調べていくのも・・

Page 13: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,
Page 14: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,
Page 15: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

ヒトでは知られていなかった高次・複雑な社会性がみつかる！

Page 16: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

月 居住

火星 有人探査

火星 居住

宇宙 人類の生存圏の永続性

こうした関心の中に人類の宇宙進出の可能性も

Page 17: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

中国 月宮一号＠北京 100平米 300立米

Page 18: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

月宮一号 2014年5月 3名 105日

Page 19: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

月宮一号 2014年5月 3名 105日

Page 20: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

月宮一号 2014年5月 3名 105日

・北京航空航天大学内に建設 100M2、300M3

・４人用（これまでの2回の実験は3名）・動物飼育も実施（ミールワーム（食用！＋非可食部の処理））・報告の多くは北京大学の研究者・クルーの素性は不詳も男性クルーは研究者（宮嶋私信）

・2014年２月～５月の３名105日の報告は、多数の成果報告あり（ACRA ASTRONAUTICA、ASTROBIOLOGYなど

宇宙系、ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERINGなど生態工学系、さらに農業・植物生理系、菌叢系など多数）

Page 21: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,
Page 22: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

4名 のべ370日 （～2018年5月15日）

Page 23: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

4名 のべ370日 （～2018年5月15日）

・４名の居住・実験途中での交替・最長200日の居住、のべ370日の運用・廃棄物処理は微生物的に・停電（計画的？）や突然の期間延長宣告によるストレス評価も実施

Page 24: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

月面に持っていけるのか？

宮嶋 2007 宇科連

Page 25: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

月面に持っていけるのか？

宮嶋ら 生態工学会2018

Page 26: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

私見ですが・・きっと分解がネックに・・ミニ地球の“分解”を司る装置群

Page 27: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

NASAのALSS(ADVANCED LSS）実験

Page 28: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

月面・火星へ向けた居住技術開発は現在進行形 ( HI-SEAS @ ハワイ)

Page 29: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

火星へ向けた疑似ミッションは現在進行形 ( HERA @ NASA JSC)

45日間 男性4名 睡眠時間を調整

Page 30: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

人も選ばれ、トレーニングが必要↓

宇宙飛行士

Ⓒ講談社

Page 31: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

みなで頑張れば（一国でも）月にいけた！

さらに頑張ればミッションとして火星にもいける！

Page 32: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

ＩＳＥＦ ２ 2018 @東京

具体的な国際協力での火星探査計画ロードマップも

Page 33: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,
Page 34: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

月 居住

火星 有人探査

火星 居住

宇宙 人類の生存圏の永続性

月面の延長線上

検討すべき課題

Page 35: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

我々がここにいる（のに）彼らはどこにいるのだろう・・（楽観的？な天文学者の発案）

ドレークの方程式

Page 36: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

地球人の“L”は何年だろうか何を調べればもっともらしい数値が？

ヒトとヒトの関係は持続可能か？

ヒトと自然の関係は持続可能か？（ → 地球上での人間の生活態度は？）

ヒトは自身を凌駕するものを産むか？（→ シンギュラリティ・プロブレム

（2045年問題）は本当に来るのか？）

Page 37: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,
Page 38: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

地球人の“L”は何年だろうか何を調べればもっともらしい数値が？

ヒトとヒトの関係は持続可能か？

ヒトと自然の関係は持続可能か？（＝地球上での人間の生活態度は？）

ヒトは自身を凌駕するものを産むか？（＝ 2045年問題は本当に来るのか？）

Page 39: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

Ⓒ KADOKAWA

・・かわいい・・・・・ですが・・・

Page 40: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,
Page 41: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

？？

ヒトはどのぐらい暴力的であったか

Page 42: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

ヒトはより暴力的になっているのか？

Page 43: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

ヒトは強大な武器をもって乱暴になったか？

Page 44: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

トマ・ピケティの「Ｒ ＞ Ｇ」格差は広がっているのは事実が、ベースの生活も豊かになっている

Page 45: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

それぞれ全く関係ない研究？

Page 46: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

だが、持続可能な暮らしなのか？

Page 47: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

エコロジカル・フットプリント

・化石燃料の消費によって排出される二酸化炭素を吸収するために必要な森林面積・道路、建築物等に使われる土地面積・食糧の生産に必要な土地面積・紙、木材等の生産に必要な土地面積

以上の四つを合計した面積

人間活動により消費される資源量を分析・評価する手法のひとつ人間1人が持続可能な生活を送るのに必要な生産可能な土地面積（水産資源の利用を含めて計算する場合は陸水面積となる）

として表わされる

米国5.1ha、日本2.3ha、インド0.4ha、世界平均1.8ha

Page 48: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,
Page 49: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

国連もいろいろ策を練るが・・

Page 50: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

鬼頭秀一先生『自然保護を問い直す』など

自然と 「切れている」人

自然と「切れていない」人

宮崎駿流だと「失われし大地との絆」

「人は土から離れて生きられないのよ」

Page 51: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

地球人の“L”は何年だろうか何を調べればもっともらしい数値が？

ヒトとヒトの関係は持続可能か？

ヒトと自然の関係は持続可能か？（＝地球上での人間の生活態度は？）

ヒトは自身を凌駕するものを産むか？（＝ 2045年問題は本当に来るのか？）

Page 52: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

ミニ地球で実際に食料を育て

Page 53: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

食べ

Page 54: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

食事

Page 55: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

時刻 火 水 木 金 土 日 月13:00 入室

13:3014:0014:3015:00 動物飼育作業 動物飼育作業 動物飼育作業 動物飼育作業 動物飼育作業

15:3016:00 植物作業 植物作業16:3017:0017:3018:0018:3019:00 夕食 夕食 夕食 夕食 夕食 夕食 夕食19:3020:0020:3021:0021:3022:0022:3023:006:307:00 自由時間 自由時間 自由時間 自由時間 自由時間 自由時間 自由時間7:30 朝食 朝食 朝食 朝食 朝食 朝食 朝食8:00 衛生管理 衛生管理 衛生管理 衛生管理 衛生管理 衛生管理 衛生管理8:30 健康管理 健康管理 健康管理 健康管理 健康管理 健康管理 健康管理9:00 動物飼育作業 動物飼育作業 動物飼育作業 動物飼育作業 動物飼育作業 動物飼育作業 動物飼育作業9:3010:0010:3011:0011:3012:00 健康管理 健康管理 健康管理 健康管理 健康管理 健康管理 健康管理12:30 昼食 昼食 昼食 昼食 昼食 昼食 昼食

退室

植物作業自由時間 自由時間

調理 調理 調理 調理 調理 調理 調理

植物作業 植物作業 植物作業

自由時間

就寝 就寝

自由時間

就寝 就寝就寝 就寝

動物飼育作業

自由時間

通常業務 通常業務

整備作業

就寝

動物飼育作業

健康管理 健康管理

整備作業

健康管理

整備作業 整備作業 整備作業自由時間 自由時間

健康管理 健康管理

植物作業

自由時間

自由時間 自由時間

健康管理健康管理

自由時間 自由時間

衛生管理 衛生管理 衛生管理 衛生管理 衛生管理 衛生管理 衛生管理

自由時間

一週間の閉鎖生活の後に・・

Page 56: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

強い生の繋がりを実感、生かされてる！有り難い！

“切れた”関係を取り戻せた

Page 57: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

皆が体験できる『ミニ地球体験村』構想

ⒸIEC

Page 58: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

地球人の“L”は何年だろうか何を調べればもっともらしい数値が？

ヒトとヒトの関係は持続可能か？

ヒトと自然の関係は持続可能か？（＝地球上での人間の生活態度は？）

ヒトは自身を凌駕するものを産むか？（＝ 2045年問題は本当に来るのか？）

Page 59: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

恐怖や疲労を含む、様々なストレス下で、高いパフォーマンスを発揮できる、というだけではなく、新たな資質、新たなトレーニングが求

められるかも？

＝ 自然とのつながりを たしかなものとして感じられ、持続可能な環境を維持して生活できる“姿勢”をもつ人

でも、それって・・

Page 60: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

文化人類学・民族学・民俗学の分野でも

Page 61: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

大学教育のカリキュラムとしても

Page 62: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

Ｌ値をより大きくするためにみんなで！！

Page 63: Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is ......2018/07/11  · Lessons learned from biosphere experiments and what is required for expanding our activities into moon,

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