lgof{t k|j4{g cfoft k|lt:yfkg / cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf k ... · ljifo ;"rL zLif{s k[i7;+Vof sfo{sf/L ;f/fFz k[i7e"ld 1 k|b]zsf] ;fdfGo kl/roM 2 cfly{s kl/b[io 3 g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs

lgof{t k|j4{g cfoft k|lt:yfkg / cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf

ePsf j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf]

k|f]kmfOn

;'b"/klZrd k|b]z

@)&^

pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno

Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|

k'Nrf]s, nlntk'/

sfo{sf/L ;f/fFz

;'b'/ klZrd k|b]z lxdfn kxf8 t/fO{ tLgj6} e"uf]no'Qm ljljwtfo'Qm k|b]zsf ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . of] k|b]z s[lif,

jg, vlgh>f]t, hn>f]t / k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfsf] e08f/sf ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . o;} u/L of] k|b]zdf P]ltxfl;s,

;f:+s[lts, wfld{s / k'/ftflTjs dxTjsf :ynx? /x]sf 5g\ hxfF ljZj e/sf ;DjlGwt wdf{jnDjLx?sf nflu

;b}j cf:yfsf s]Gb| /lx cfPsf] 5g\ . ef/ts} k|d'v cfly{s sl/8f]/sf ?kdf ljsl;t x'Fb} u/]sf] s]Gb|sf ?kdf

/x]sf] ef/tsf] /fhwfgL gofF lbNnL nufot pQ/k|b]z, pQ/fv08 / lxdf~rn k|b]zsf] k|j]zåf/sf ?kdf klg

;'b"/klZrd k|b]z /lxcfPsf] 5 . o;} u/L ljZjsf lxGb" / af}4, af]g wdf{jnDjLx?sf] cf:yfsf s]Gb|sf ?kdf

/x]sf] rLgsf] dfg;/f]a/ hfg] ;a}eGbf 5f]6f] k|j]zdfu{ klg ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z /x]sf] 5 . aemfª x'Fb} dfg;/f]a/

hfg] af6f] ef/tLo / g]kfnL tLy{ofqLx?sf nflu ;a}eGbf ;'ud / 5f]6f] af6f]sf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . xfns} s]xL

jif{ otf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z cf}Bf]lusLs/0fsf] lbzfdf klg cu|;/ eO{ /x]sf] 5 . oxL k[i7e"lddf k|b]zdf cfoft

k|lt:yfkg, lgof{t ;DefJo / cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf s]xL k|ltlglwd'n's j:t'x?sf] k|f]kmfOn tof/M

ul/Psf] 5 .

o; k|ltj]bgdf wfg rfdn, ux'F, ds}, pv', cfn', h}ljs t/sf/LM h}t'gsf] t]n, h8La'6L, 6k]{G6fOg t]n, /f]lhg

P08 /]lhg Pl;8, pmg, kmnkm'n, b'UwhGo kbfy{, hnljB't, ef}uf]lns ;+s]tsf cfwf/df lgof{t ug{ ;lsg]

j:t' tyf ;]jfx? - laho;fnsf efF8fs'F8fx?, /fp6]sf sf7sf pTkfbgx?, c5fdL gf}d'8\s] ufO{sf] b'Uw

kl/sf/,hf]/fonsf] af;dtL, 9lsof, dx, lxn:6]zg ko{6g, b[iofjnf]sg ko{6g, wfld{s ko{6g g]q lrlsT;fsf]

k|f]kmfOn tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .

o;sf cltl/Qm :yfgLo Joj;foL, j'l4hLjLx?, g]kfnsf] cfoft lgof{t Jofkf/, b:tfj]hx?sf] cWoog, k|b]z

;/sf/;Fu ;DkGg cGt/lqmof / 5nkmn, ljleGg ;/sf/L lgsfox?af6 k|sflzt b:tfj]h tYofFssf] cWoog /

ljZn]if0f kZRft\ o; k|b]zdf b]xfosf j:t tyf ;]jfx?sf] cfoft k|lt:yfkg, lgof{t ;+efjgf tyf cGt/k|b]z

Jofkf/sf] ;Defjgf b]lvPsf] 5 .\

;'b"/klZrd k|b]z:t/af6 cfoftk|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] j:t' tyf ;]jfx?

juL{s/0f ljj/0f

j:t'

hLljt hLjhGt' /

ltgsf pTkfbg

afv|f, df5f, df;', b'UwhGo kbfy{, c08f, dx

jg:klt pTkfbg -!_ k'iKhGoM km'nx? tyf lj?jfx?,

-@_t/sf/LhGoM tfhf xl/of] t/sf/L, cfn', Kofh, s]/fpmsf] sf];f, t/sf/Lsf] ljpm,sfqmf,

s6x/,

#_ bnxgM s]/fpm, d'Fu, df;, d;'/f], af]8L, l;dL _, kfgsf] kft, v';f{gL

-$_ kmnkm'nM s]/f, cfFk, ;'Gtnf, cgf/, cFu'/, t/a'hf, d]jf, e'O{s6x/

-%_ d;nfhGoM skmL, bfnlrgL, wlgof, d]yL, tof/L d;nf, Hjfgf], a];f/, ltn

-^_ vfBfGgM ux'F, ds}, dl;gf] / af;dlt rfdn, sf]bf], hf}, d}bf

-&_ t]nxgM tf]/L, /fof], ;:o'{, ;"o{d'vL, ltn, ddkmnL-abfd_, e6df; / vfg]t]n

tof/L vfB kbfy{ -!_ ldi7fGghGoM lrgL, rsn]6, ld7fO{, r'Oud, k]7f

-@_ tof/L vfB kl/sf/M rfpmrfpm, lrK;, lj:s'6, s]s, kfp/f]6L, h';, crf/, s'/d'/], kfk8,

e'lhof, bfndf]7

-#_ cGoM l:kl/6, dlb/f, kz' cfxf/, ;"tL{ tyf r"/f]6

vlgh pTkfbg l;d]G6 lSnGs/, l;d]G6, k]6«flnod kbfy{ - hnljB'tsf] k|of]uaf6 lj:yflkt x'g]_

phf{ hnljB't, jfo'phf{ - k]6«flnod kbfy{ - hnljB'tsf] k|of]uaf6 lj:yflkt x'g]_

/Fu/f]ug d;L / ;a}k|sf/ k]G6x?, l;+b"/

>[+uf/ / ;/;kmfO{sf

;fdfgx?

lnlkli6s, lqmd, kfp8/ g]n kf]ln;, cQ/, ;]Dkm", ;fa'g, skfnsf] t]n, bGtd~hg,sk8f w'g]

kfp8/

Knfli6shGo Knfli6ssf ef8fs'F8f, a|;, af]tn, qm]6, kfOk / kmlg{r/

5fnfhGo 5fnfsf h'Qf, rKkn, k]6L, k;{, ;'6s]z / emf]nf

sf7hGo sf7, kmlg{r/, KnfOpm, sfuh, vfd, Koflsªsf ;fdfgx?

/]zfhGo pmg, e'O{df cf]5\ofpg] ;fwg, tof/L kf]zfs, af]/f, 5ftf,k~hf

kTy/flb j:t'x? -!_ ;]/fldS;sf pTkfbx?M a]l;g, sdf]8, sk Kn]6

-@_ ;f}efUosf ;fdfgx?M 6Lsf, r'/f kf]t], ax'd'No kYy/

cGo 3/fozL

pTkfbgx?

tfNrf, ;fFrf], ;nfO{, nfO6/, wft'sf kmlg{r/, v]nf}gf, k]lG;n, s6/, /a/, snd, 88\k]g, /a/,

O/]h/, HofldtL aS; / ;f]sf ;fdfgx?, 6]k, lkmQf sfOFof], a|;, ;]lg6/L GoflKsg / Kof8,

bfFt sf]6\ofpg] l;Gsf, a]tafF;, lgufnfsf kmlg{r/x?

;]jf -!_ :jf:Yo

-@_ lzIff

-#_ ko{6g

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zaf6 lgof{t ug{ ;lsg] ;DefJo j:t' tyf ;]jfx?

juL{s/0f ljj/0f

j:t'

hLljt hLjhGt' / ltgsf pTkfbg -!_ b'UwhGoM e};L+sf] b"w, 3\o', rLh / dx

jg:klt pTkfbg -!_ k'ikhGoM k'mn

-@_ t/sf/LhGoM kxf8L / lxdfnL If]qsf cuf{lgs t/sf/Lx?, nf}sf, k/jn,

le08L, aGbf, sfpnL, s'l/nf], s'lk08f],

-#_ bnxgM kxf8L / lxdfnL e]udf pTkfbg x'g] /}yfg] hftsf bfn / d;'/f]

-$_ kmnkm'nhGoM cf]v/, s]/f, :ofpm, ;'Gtnf, sfutL, sfnf] r's,

-%_ d;nfhGoM t]hkQf, cb'jf, cn}+rL, lrof, skmL, a];f/ wlgof, d]yL, l6d'/

-^_ pRr n]sfnL / lxdfnL efudf pTkfbg ul/Psf /}yfg] rfdn, kmfk/, hf}+,

cflb

-&_ t/sf/Lsf] ljpm, h8La'6L / ;f/t]n, kxf8L cdnf, sfkmn, r'qf, 3F3f?

-* tf]/L / h}t'gsf] t]n

-(_ cld|;f]sf] s'Frf], l/7f, ?b|fIf, aflaof], lednsf 8f]/Lx?

tof/L vfB tyf k]okbfy{ lrK;, rfpmrfpm, h';, kfgL, dlb/f, jfOg

>[+uf/ / ;/;kmfO{sf ;fdfgx? cfo'j]{lbs ;fag', ;]Dkm', 6'yk]i6, skfnsf] t]n, l/7fsf] kfp8/

/;fog /f]lhg / /]lhg Pl;8, 6k]{G6fOgsf] t]n, sTyf, sR5,

5fnfhGo 5fnfsf k;{, k]6L, h'Qf, rKkn

sf7hGo -!_ sf7sf d'lt{x?, laho;fnsf pTkfbg, /fp6]n] agfPsf sf7sf ;fdfgx?

-@_ g]kfnL xft]sfuh / ;f]sf pTkfbgx?

/]zfhGo cNnf], efFu|f] / ledn, dfn'- ef]nf{_ sf pTkfbgx?, lxdfnL e]udf pmgaf6

ag]sf ;fdfgx? - sfDnf], /f8L, kfvL,No", unaGbL, 6f]kL, k~hf, pmgL un}+rf,

tof/L kf]zfs

cGo x:tsnfsf ;fdfgx?, em\ofpmsf] cu/aQL, 9sLo, a]tsf ;fdfgx?

;]jf

:jf:Yo g]q lrlsT;f

ko{6g ;]jfM -! _ cfdf]bk|df]b ko{6gM

ef/tsf ko{6s nlIft lxn:6]zg ko{6g hnofqf, :sL, a~hL, dfp06]g /];,

Kof/fUnfO{8, ;]ldgf/, dgf]/~hg- Sofl;gf]_, v]ns'b - lqms]6, elnan_, hFun

;kmf/L, kbofqf, b[iofjnf]sg, dfp06]g km\nfO{ wgu9L b]lv clk ;}kfn lxdfn

b[iofjnf]sg_, cg';Gwfg ko{6g, r/f cjnf]sg ko{6g, hLjhGt' cjnf]sg

ko{6g, jg:klt cWoog / cjnf]sg, kof{ko{6g, s[lif ko{6g

-!_ wfld{s ko{6gM

-s_ dfg;/f]a/ ofqf

-v_ efsn ko{6g - b]jLsf ;ft alxgLsf wfdx?, s]bf/_

cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ -cGo k|b]zdf cfk"lt{ ug{ ;lsg]_ ;Defjgf ePsf] j:t'x? tyf ;]jfx?

juL{s/0f ljj/0f

j:t'

hLljt hLjhGt' /

ltgsf pTkfbg

-!_ b'UwhGoM e};L+sf] b"w, 3\o' / dx, c5fdL gf}d8\s] ufO{ / 3\o'

jg:kltsf] pTkfbgx? -!_ t/sf/LhGoM kxf8L / lxdfnL If]qsf cuf{lgs t/sf/Lx?, nf}sf, k/jn, le08L,

aGbf, sfpnL, s'l/nf], s'lk08f]

-#_ bnxgM kxf8L / lxdfnL e]udf pTkfbg x'g] /}yfg] hftsf bfn / d;'/f]

-$_ kmnkm'nhGoM cf]v/, s]/f, sfutL, sfnf] r's,

-%_ pRr n]sfnL / lxdfnL efudf pTkfbg ul/Psf /}yfg] rfdn, ds}, ux"F,

hf]/fonsf] af;dtL, , kmfk/, hf}+

-&_ t/sf/Lsf] ljpm, h8La'6L / ;f/t]n, kxf8L cdnf, sfkmn, r'qf, 3F3f?, 8f]6L /

88]nw'/fsf] /}yfg] e6df;

-* tf]/L / h}t'gsf] t]n

-(_ s'Frf], l/7f, ?b|fIf, aflaof], lednsf 8f]/Lx?

tof/L vfB tyf k]o

kl/sf/

lj:s'6, dlb/f / l:k/L6, jfOg-r'qf], P];]n',_ a]nsf] /;

sfi7hGo uf]lnof sf7, laho;fnsf ;fdfgx?, /fp6] lgld{t sf7sf ;fdfgx?

/]zfhGo ledn / dfn'- ef]nf{_ sf pTkfbgx? 8f]/Lx?, lxdfnL e]udf pmgaf6 ag]sf

;fdfgx? - sfDnf], /f8L, kfvL,No", unaGbL, 6f]kL, k~hf, pmgL un}+rf, tof/L kf]zfs

x:tsnfhGo 9sLof, ;'Nkf - lrnd_, x'Ssf, gnL, j]tafF;sf kmlg{r/x?

;]jf

ko{6g ;]jf -! _ cfdf]bk|df]b ko{6gM

lxn:6]zg ko{6g hnofqf, :sL, ;]ldgf/, v]ns'b -lqms]6, elnan_, hFun ;kmf/L,

kbofqf, b[iofjnf]sg, dfp06]g km\nfO{6 -wgu9L b]lv clk ;}kfn lxdfn

b[iofjnf]sg_, cg';Gwfg ko{6g, r/f tyf hLjhGt' cjnf]sg ko{6g, jg:klt

cWoog / cjnf]sg, kof{ko{6g, s[lif ko{6g

-@_ wfld{s ko{6g

-s_ b]jL yfg

-v_ di6f]a08fnL

-u_ P]ltxfl;s :yn

-3_ k'/ftflTjs dxTjsf :ynx?

-ª_ dlGb/, b]jn, wf/f, kf6Lkf}jf, bf]efg, lqj]0fL

-r_ ;fF:s[lts hfqf

-5_ y/uf]q pTklQ:yn

ljifo ;"rL

zLif{s k[i7;+Vof

sfo{sf/L ;f/fFz

k[i7e"ld 1

k|b]zsf] ;fdfGo kl/roM 2

cfly{s kl/b[io 3

g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/ 5

g]kfnn] ljutdf lgof{t ul//x]sf t/ jt{dfgdf cfoft ul//x]sf] j:t'x? 6

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zl:yt eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkmt{ j}b]lzs Jofkf/ 6

cWoogsf] p2]Zo / ck]lIft pknJwL 10

cWoogsf] ljlwM 11

cWoogsf ;Ldfx? 11

Jofkf/df b[li6af6 ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z SWOT ljZn]if0f 12

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf s]xL k|d'v s[lifhGo j:t'x?sf] pTkfbg l:ylt 13

k|d'v pBf]ux?sf] ljj/0f 17

vlgh / vlghsf pTkfbgx? 18

;]jf Jofkf/ 21 ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pTkfbg x'g], lgof{t ;Defjgf ePsf, cfoft k|lt:yfkg

ug{ ;lsg] tyf cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf j:t'x?sf] ljZn]if0f 23

cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ tyf cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] j:t'x? 23

lgof{t ;DefJo j:t'x?sf] ljZn]if0f 35

ef}uf]lns ;+s]tsf cfwf/df lgof{t ug{ ;lsg] j:t' tyf ;]jfx? 50

lgof{t k|j4{g ug{ ;lsg] ;]jfx? 53

cGt/ k|b]z ;]jf Jofkf/ y/uf]q s'nb]jtf s'nb]jL s]lGb|t ko{6g 58

Jofkf/ ;Dj4 ;/f]sf/sf ljifox? 61

lgisif{ 66

;'emfj 67

l;kmfl/; 67

cg';rL 68

;Gbe{ ;fdfu|L 73

tflnsf, u|fkm, t:jL/ / gSZffsf] ;"lr

tflnsf g++=!M g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/

tflnsf g+= @M g]kfnsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgsf] If]qut ljj/0f

tflnsf g+= #M g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/sf] bz jif{sf] k|j[lQ

tflnsf g+=$M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t ePsf] k|d['v j:t'x?sf] lgof{t

tflnsf g++ %M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t ePsf] k|d['v j:t'x?sf] cfoft

tflnsf g++ ^ M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t ePsf] k|d'v s[lif hGo j:t'x?sf] cfoft

tflnsf g+= &M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z SWOT ljZn]if0f

tflnsf g+= *M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf cGg pTkfbgsf] cj:yf

tflnsf g+=( M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf k|d'v gub]afnLsf] pTkfbg

tflnsf g+= !)M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf k|d'v t]nxg afnLsf] pTkfbg

tflnsf g++= !!M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf k|d'v d;nfhGo afnLsf] pTkfbg

tflnsf g+= !@ M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pknJw kz'kIfLsf] ljj/0f

tflnsf g+= !#M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ufO{e}[;L / b'Uw pTkfbgsf] cj:yf

tflnsf g+= !$M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pTkflbt df;'sf] ljj/0f

tflnsf g+= !$--s_ M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf df5fsf] pTkfbg

tflnsf g+= !% M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf t/sf/Lsf] pTkfbg

tflnsf g+= !^M sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{nodf btf{ ePsf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z cjl:yt sDkgLx?sf] juL{s/0f

tflnsf g+= !& M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pBf]u Joj;fosf] If]qut l:ylt

tflnsf g++ !* M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pknJw vfgLx?

tflnsf g+= !(M g]kfndf rfdn pTkfbg

tflnsf g+= @) M ;'b'/klZrd k|b]zdf pTkflbt wfg

tflnsf g++ @! M ljZjdf wfg pTkfbgsf] s]xL k|d'v b]zx?sf] pTkfbg k|lt x]S6/sf] ljj/0f

tflnsf g++ = @@ M g]kfnsf] wfg rfdn cfoftsf] ljj/0f

tflnsf g++ @# M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ux'Fsf] pTkfbg l:ylt

tflnsf g+= @$ M ;'b'/klZrd k|b]zdf ux'Fsf] pTkfbgsf] lhNnfut ljj/0f

tflnsf g++ @% Mg]kfnsf] ux'F cfoft

tflnsf g++ @^ M ;'b"/ klZrd k|b]zdf ds}sf] pTkfbg lhNnfut ljj/0f

tflnsf g+= @& M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ds}sf] pTkfbg / pkef]u

tflnsf g+= @* M g]kfnsf] ds} cfoftsf] ljj/0f

tflnsf g++ @( M ds} pTkfbgsf k|d'v d'n'sx?sf] ds} pTkfbsTjsf] ljj/0f

tflnsf g++ #) M ;'b"/ klZrd k|b]zdf pv' pTkfbg

tflnsf g+= #! M g]kfnsf] lrgL cfoft

tflnsf g+= #@ M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf cfn'sf] pTkfbg

tflnsf g+= ## M g]kfnsf] cfn' cfoftsf] ljj/0f

t:jL/ g+= #$ M;'b'/klZrd k|b]zdf pTkfbg eO{/x]sf] / x'g ;Sg] pmg pTkfbg

tflnsf g++ #% M g]kfnsf] cfn' pTkfbgsf] ljj/0f

tflnsf g++ #^ M ef/tsf] t/sf/Lsf] cfoft

tflnsf g+= #&M cf]lne t]nsf] k|d'v pTkfbgstf{x?

tflnsf g+= #* cf]lne t]nsf] ljZj Jofkf/sf] l:yltM

tflnsf g+= #(M cf]lne t]nsf] ljZj lgof{t

tflnsf g+++ $) M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pTkfbg x'g] k|d'v hl8a'6Lx?

tflnsf g++= $! M @)&$ ;fndf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ;+sng ug{ ;lsg] h8La'6L

tflnsf g+= $@ M g]kfnsf] h8La'6L lgof{tsf] b]zut cj:yf

tflnsf g+= $# M ljZjsf] h8La'6L cfoftsf] cj:yf

tflnsf g+= $$ M @)&$ ;fndf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ;+slng ;lsg] vf]6f]

tflnsf g+= $% M 6k]{G6fOg t]n tyf /f]llhg / /]llhg Pl;8 lgof{t

tflnsf g+=$^ M6k{]G6fOg t]nsf] ljZj cfoft

tflnsf g+= $& M zLtsfnLg kmnkm'n pTkfbgsf] l:ylt

tflnsf g+= $* M u|LidsfnLg kmnkm'n pTkfbgsf] l:ylt

tflnsf g+= $( M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf b'UwhGo kbfy{ pTkfbgsf] l:ylt

tflnsf g++ %) M g]kfnsf] b'Uwkbfy{sf] cfoft

tflnsf g+++ %!M g]kfnsf] b'Uwkbfy{sf] lgof{t

tflnsf g+= %@ M ;'b/klZrd k|b]zdf hnljB't pTkfbg x'g] kfOknfOgsf cfof]hgfx?

tflnsf g++= %#M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zl:yt eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t cfj @)&$.&% df k|d'v k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf]

cfoft

tflnsf g+++= %$M g]kfnsf] dxsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/

tflnsf g++= %& M dxsf] ljZj cfoft

u|fkm !M g]kfnsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbg

u|fkm g+=@M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zl:yt eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t ePsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/

t:jL/ g++ ! M wfg

t:jL/ g+= @ ux'F

t:jL/ g+= # ds}

t:jL/ g+ $M cfn'

t:jL/ g+= % pmg

t:jL/ g++ ^ sfpnL

t:jL/ g+= & h}t'gsf] af]6

t:jL/ g+=* h8La'6L

t:jL/ g+++ * 88]Nw'/fsf] t:jL/

t:jL/ g++= ( 3f]8fr/0f If]q

t:jL/ g+= !) z'SnfkmfF6f /fli6o lgs'~h

gSzf g+= ! dfg;/f]j/ hfg] af6f]sf] gSzf

1

k[i7e"ld

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg cg';f/ d'n's ;+3Lo ;+r/gfdf k|j]z u/] ;Fu} k|fb]lzs ;/sf/sf] cjwf/0ff c'g;f/ d'n'sdf

;ftj6f k|b]zx?sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . o; Joj:yf cGtu{t k|b]zleqsf] Jofkf/ k|b]zleqsf] /fli6«o jg, hn

pkof]u tyf jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg, s[lif tyf kz' ljsf;,snsf/vfgf, cf}Bf]lusLs/0f, Jofkf/ Joj;fo,

oftfoft,pBf]u tyf vlgh / ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ko{6g, cf}Bf]uLs/0f cGt/k|fb]lzs ¿kdf km}lnPsf] h+un, lxdfn, jg

;+/If0f If]q hn pkof]u h:tf ljifox? k|b]z ;/sf/ ;+nUg x'g] lqmofsnfksf ?kdf ;+ljwfgsf] cg';"lrdf Joj:yf

ul/Psf] 5 .

;dfg'kflts ljsf;, k|b]zleqsf ;+efjgfx?nfO{ phfu/ ub}{ tL ;+efjgfnfO{ sfof{Gjogfof]Uo agfO{ cfly{s j[l4af6

;Dj[l4 xfl;n ug]{ d'n dd{ k|fb]lzs ;+/rgfsf] Joj:yfleq cGt/gLlxt 5 . o;sf/0f Jojl:yt cWwogdf cfwfl/t

;+efjgfsf] klxrfg u/L ;f]nfO{ d"t{ ?k lbg] Jojxfl/s sfo{qmdsf] cfjZostf b]lvG5 . Psflt/ s'g} k|b]zsf

pTkfbgx?n] ahf/ kfO{ g/x]sf] cj:yf 5 eg] csf]{lt/ cGo k|b]zx?df tL j:t'x?sf] cfk"lt{df Go'g x'g uO{

ljb]zaf6 x'g] cfoftaf6 k"lt{ ul//xg' k/]sf] cj:yf ljBdfg 5 . k|b]z:t/df /x]sf] pTkfbgsf] oyfy{ cj:yf,

pTkfbg j[l4sf ;+efjgfx?, gofF pTkfbg If]qsf] klxrfg / ljBdfg ;d:ofx? tyf pTkfbg j[l4sf sfo{qmdx?

;~rfng ubf{ k|b]z cg';f/ ckgfpg' kg]{ ljlwsf] klxrfgsf] cfjZotfsf klg TolQs} 68\sf/f] ?kdf b]vf k/]sf] 5 .

d'n'sssf] cfoft lbgfg'lbg tLj|ultdf al9/x]sf] 5 eg] lgof{tdf lemgf] / :yL/ k|s[ltsf] j[l4n] ubf{ d'n'ssf]

Jofkf/3f6f lrGtfhgs ?kdf al9/x]sf] 5 . o;/L a9\bf] Jofkf/3f6fnfO{ Go'g ug{ gofF ;Defjgfx?sf] klxrfg ug{

h?/L eO;s]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g++=!M g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/

g]]kfnsf]] j}}b]lzs j:t' Jofkf/sf] ;fdfGo emns d'No ? cj{df

cfj @)&#÷&$ cfj @)&$÷&% j[l4 k|ltztdf

lgof{t 73.13 81.33 11.2

cfoft 985.95 1,245.19 26.3

s[lifhGo j:t'sf] cfoft 175.59 203.49 15.9

s[lifhGo j:t'sf] lgof{t 20.92 23.46 12.1

>f]tM Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|

pk/f]Qm k[i7e"lddf k|b]zdf pTkfbg x'g] k|d'v j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] klxrfg ug]{, ;f] sf cfwf/df cfoft k|lt:yfkg

ug{ ;Sg] tyf lgsf;L ;+efjgf ePsf ePsf j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] k|f]kmfOn tof/ ug]{ / cGt/k|fb]lzs Jofkf/sf]

;Defjgf ;d]t klxrfg ug'{ kg]{ b]lvG5 . oxL ljifonfO{ ;Djf]wg ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&% df o;

;DjGwL cWoog u/L k|ltjb]g tof/ ug{{ sfo{qmd jflif{s ah]6df ;dfj]z u/]sf] kl/k|]IonfO{ ;d]t b[li6ut ub}{

k|b]z:t/df pknJw lgof{t ;DefJo, cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] / cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf j:t' tyf

;]jfx?sf] k|f]kmfOn tof/ ug{ nfluPsf] xf] .

2

k|b]zsf] ;fdfGo kl/ro

e"uf]n

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg adf]lhd ;fljssf dxfsfnLc~rnsf $ lhNnf / ;]tL c~rnsf % lhNnfx? ;d]6L ;'b"/klZrd

k|b]z sfod ul/Psf] 5 .ef}uf]lns ?kdf o; k|b]zn] lxdfn, kxf8 / t/fO{ u/L tLg y/L e'uf]nnfO{ ;d]6]sf] 5 .

xfjfkfgLsf] b[li6sf]0fn] o; k|b]zdf pi0f b]lv w'|jLo ;Ddsf ;a} vfnsf xfjfkfgLx? ljBdfg /x]sf] 5 .

;'b'/klZrd k|b]zsf] s'n If]qkmn n] !(,%#( ju{ ls=ld= /x]sf] 5 . o; k|b]zsf] l;dfgf k"j{df s0ff{nL k|b]zsf

;'v]{t, b}n]v, sfnLsf]6 / d'u' lhNnf tyf % g= k|b]zsf] alb{of lhNnf kb{5 . klZrd / blIf0fdf ef/t, pQ/df

s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] x'Dnf lhNnf tyf ldq /fi6« rLgsf] :jzfl;t If]q ltAat /x]sf] 5 . ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z cGtu{t

bfr{'nf, a}t8L, 88]Nw'/f / s~rgk'/, aemfË, afh'/f, 8f]6L, c5fd / s}nfnL u/L hDdf ( lhNnf /x]sf 5g\ . !

pkdxfgu/kflnsf, ## gu/kflnsf / %$ ufpFkflnsf u/L hDdf ** :yfgLo tx o; k|b]zdf /x]sf 5g\ .

hg;f+lVosLo ljj/0f

@)^* ;fnsf] hgu0fgf cg';f/ g]kfnsf] s'n hg;+Vof @,^$,($,%)$ dWo] o; k|b]zsf] hg;+Vof @,%%@,%!&

/x]sf] 5 h'gs'n hg;+Vofsf] (=^#% x'g cfpF5 . o; dWo] k'?ifsf] hg;+Vof !@,!&,**&/ dlxnfsf] hg;+Vof

!#,#$,^#) /x]sf] 5 . ef}uf]lns If]qsf] cfwf/df ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf] hg;+Vof lxdfnL If]qsf] hg;+Vof

$,^#,#$%-!*=!^%_, kxf8L If]qsf] hg;+Vof *,^@,@!%-##=&*%_ / t/fO{ If]qsf] hg;+Vof !@,@^,(%&

-$*=)^%_ /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

k|d'v gbLgfnf / tfnx?

o; k|b]zsf k|d'v gbLx?df ;]tL gbL / dxfsfnL x'g cGo ;xfos gbLx?df rd]nLof, a'9Lu+uf, b/u+uf, ;'gf{of,

l9suf8, xf]k/Luf8, /+u'g, 8f]6]nL uf8, :kfnuf8, v'j6of, df]xgf, Zrz;}of, afg/f, cflb x'g . o; If]qsf kg]{ k|d'v

tfnx?df s}nfnL lhNnf 3f]8f3f]8L tfn ljZj ;Dkbf ;"rLdf ;"lrs[t l;d;f/ If]qsf] ?kdf kl/lrt x'g'sf ;fy}

wfld{s b[ljsf]0faf6 ;d]t k|l;{4 5 . s~gk'/ lhNnfdf /x]sf] lemnldnf tfn, a]bsf]6 tfn, 88]Nw'/fsf] cfnLtfn,

8f]6L lhNnfdf /x]sf] 5ltjg tfn cflb 5g\ eg] 8f]6L, c5fd, aemfª / afh'/f lhNnfsf] lardf /x]sf] vKt8tfn

o; If]qsf] k|d'v klo6sLo cfs{if0fsf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 .

k|d'v wfld{s :ynx?

o; k|b]zdf y'k|} wfld{s :ynx? /x]sf 5g . h;dWo] 8f]6Lsf] vKt8, c5fdsf] /fdf/f]zg, afh'/fsf] a8Ldflnsf,

aemfªsf] tkf]jg, Clifs'08 / ;'df{;/f]a/, a}t8Lsf] /f}nfs]bf/ / l;uf;, bfr{'nfsf] dfn{sfh{'g, n6Lgfy, uNnfs]bf/ /

x'g}gfy, s}nfnLsf] a]x8fafaf cflb x'g . o; If]qsf k|d'v dGbL/x?df afh'/fdf a8Ldflnsf, aemfªdf ;'df{b]aL,

hNkmfb]aL, di6f / b'uf{, bfr{'nfsf] dfn{sfh{'g, n6Lgfy, uNnfs]bf/, a}t8Lsf] lq/k'/f;'Gb/L, lgËnf;}gL, huGgfy,

O{Zj/L u+ufwfd, s[i0fdlGb/, dxf?›, d]nf}nL eujtL, Ujfn]s s]bf/ / /ftflznf, 88]Nw'/fsf] pu|tf/f, efu]Zj/,

306]Zj/, 8f]6L36fn / a]tfn, c5fdsf] a}hgfy, adf{b]jL, 8f]6Lsf] z}n]Zj/L, s]bf/, nfgfs]bf/]Zj/, s~rgk'/sf]

l;4gfy, a}hgfy / lji0f' dlGb/, s}nfnLsf] uf]bfj/L,jgb]jL, a]+x0ff afaf tyf g}gfb]jL cflb k|d'v x'g.

3

k|d'v ko{6s :ynx?

o; If]qsf k|d'v k6{s :ynx?df vKt8, a'9LgGbf b]jL, z'Snfkmf6f, ;'df{;/f]a/ tfn, dxfef/tkj{t, 3g3Zofn]s,

e]N58f, kftfn e'd]Zj/, /f}nfs]bf/, 3f]8f3f]8L tfn, chod]?sf]6, cfnLtfn, a]tsf]6, Jof; lxdfn, ;}kfn lxdfn,

a8LdfnLsf, d]nf}nL eujtL,pu|tf/f dlGb/, l6sfk'/ kfs{,clk lxdfn, /fdf/f]zg If]q,bf]wf/frfbgL emf]n'Ë] k'n,s0ff{nL

k'n cflb kb{5g .

cfly{s kl/b[io

s'n u|fx:y pTkfbg

s]Gb|Lo tYofFs ljefusf] k|fb]lzs s'n u|fx:y pTkfbg ;DjGwL k|sflzt ;g\ @)!* sf] tYofFs cg';f/ g]kfnsf]

s'n u|fx:y pTkfbg ?= #$ va{ ^$ ca{ #@ s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)%&.%* df g]kfnsf] s'n u|fx:y

pTkfbg ?= $ va{ $! s/f]8 %@ nfv /x]sf] lyof] .

u|fkm !M g]kfnsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbg

>f]tM s]Gb|Lo tYofFs ljefu

o; cjlwdf s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgdf klg ;+/rgfut kl/jt{gx? b]vf k/]sf 5g\ . s'n u||fx:y pTKfbgdf s[lif / ag

If]qsf] of]ubfg qmdz 36\b} uPsf] b]lvG5 eg] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgdf u}/s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfgdf j[l4 eO{/x]sf] b]lvG5

.

g]kfnsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgdf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf] sf] lx:;f ^=#* k|ltzt -? @ va{ @@ca{ (^ s/f]8_ ;lxt 5}7f}

:yfgdf /x]sf] 5 . of] k|b]zsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgdf s[lif tyf jg If]qsf] of]ubfg ;a}eGbf a9L /x]sf] 5 . If]qut

?kdf x]bf{ o; k|b]zsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgsf] ;+/rgf b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .

-

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

40.00

g]kfnsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbg - @)%&.%*—@)&%.&^_

4

tflnsf g+= @M g]kfnsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgsf] If]qut ljj/0f

d"No ? bz nfvdf

k|b]z

cf}Bf]lus juL{s/0f 1 2 3 u)*sL 5 s)ff{nL

;'b'/

klZrd

s[lif tyf ag 176095 154156 145259 85191 130064 38945 81637

dT:o 1858 8298 804 89 3230 21 361

vlgh 2528 2637 6223 2269 2968 666 1218

Dofg'km\ofSrl/ª 37640 25008 61098 9142 27831 1224 9248

ljBt', Uof; / kfgL 8352 2955 12643 7969 3176 1435 1633

lgdf{0f 43776 23520 61378 32494 41706 13056 21790

yf]s tyf 'v''b|f Jofkf/ 46179 53936 246729 22760 44778 7626 17920

xf]6]n tyf /]i6'/]06 9327 3008 24971 11015 7454 3525 3518

oftfoft, e08f/0f /

;~rf/ 23455 36375 107961 16394 30401 1611 5156

ljQ 17413 12511 123056 14895 19140 1796 4658

l/on:6]6, ef8f tyf

Jofkfl/s lqmofsnfkx? 33157 22271 225015 20676 29477 10195 12286

;fj{hls k|zf;g /

/Iff 12455 11876 14942 10022 13931 9220 10528

lzIff 33821 35623 45613 20707 38089 16921 25332

:jf:Yo tyf ;fdflhs

sfo{ 10025 3463 12164 9209 10492 3836 4306

cGo ;fd'bflos,

;fdflhs tyf Jol

JolQmut ;]jf

lqmofsnfkx? 28059 11099 33165 22039 28223 8461 15376

s'n d""No of]u 484139 406736 1121020 284871 430959 118537 214966

lkml;d (FISIM) 11565 8309 81723 9892 12711 1193 3093

s'n u|fx:y pTkfbg

cfwf/ d""Nodf 472575 398427 1039297 274979 418248 117345 211873

6\ofS; dfOg; j:t'sf]

cg'bfg 33273 46069 393458 13228 34549 1915 9083

s'n u||fx:y pTkfbg 505848 444496 1432756 288207 452797 119259 220956 >f]tM s]Gb|Lo tYofFs ljefu

5

g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/

ljut bz jif{sf] g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/ tYofFs -j:t'tkm{_nfO{ x]bf{ cfoftdf ef/L j[l4 b]lvPsf] 5 eg] lgof{tsf]

cfsf/ / j[l4b/ b'j} ;fgf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ljut s]xL jif{sf] tYofFsnfO{ x]bf{ g]kfnaf6 lgof{t eO{ /x]sf k|d'v

j:t'x?df kf]lni6/ tyf cGo wfuf]{, kmnfd tyf :6Ln / ltgsf pTkfbgx?, pmgL un}rf, tof/L kf]zfs, h'6 tyf

h'6sf pTkfbg, h';, lrof, 6]S;6fOn, cn}+rL, klZdgf ;n, km]N6, hl8j'6L, d';'/f]sf] bfn / h'Qf /x]sf 5g\ .

g]kfnsf] lgsf;L Jofkf/df ef/t, ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf, hd{gL, 6sL{, o's], rLg, k|mfG;, a+unfb]z, , O6fnL, hfkfg,

Sofg8f, ci6«]lnof, g]b/n]08\; 8]gdfs{ cflb k|d'v ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnsf] ljut bz jif{sf] j:t' Jofkf/ tkm{sf]

j}b]lzs Jofkf/sf] ;+r/gf b]xfo cg';f/ /x]]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g+= #M g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/sf] bz jif{sf] k|j[lQ

cfly{s jif{ lgof{t ? ca{df cfoft ? ca{df Jofkf/ 3f6f ? ca{df

@)^%÷^^ 68.60 291.00 222.40

@)^^÷^& 60.95 375.61 314.66

@)^&÷^* 64.56 397.54 332.97

@)^*÷&( 74.09 498.16 424.07

@)^(÷&) 77.35 601.21 523.86

@)&)÷&! 91.36 722.78 631.42

@)&!÷&@ 86.64 784.58 697.94

@)&@÷&# 71.14 781.15 710.01

@)&#÷&$ 73.13 985.95 912.83

@)&$÷&% 81.33 1,245.19 1,163.86


o;} u/L g]kfndf cfoft x'g] k|d'v j:t'x?df k]6«f]lnod kbfy{, kmnfd tyf :6Ln / ltgsf pTkfbgx?, dlzg/L tyf

kf6{\;, oftfoftsf ;fwg / ltgsf kf6{k'hf{, On]lS6«s / On]S6«f]lgs ;fdfu|Lx?, cGg, xjfO{hxfh tyf xjfO{hxfhsf

kf6{\;, tof/L kf]zfs, ;'g, rfFbL / lx/f, cf}ifwL kf]lnlyg u|]Go'N;, /f;folgs dn, l;d]G6 lSnª\s/, b'/;~rf/sf

;fdfu|Lx? /x]sf] kfOG5 . g]kfnsf] k}7f/L Jofkf/df ef/t, rLg, o'PO{, k|mfG;, O08f]g]lzof, yfOn]08, Sofg8f,

dn]lzof, :jL6\h/n]08, ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf, ch]{lG6gf, leotgfd, ;fpbL c/]laof, o'qm]g k|d'v ?kdf /x]sf 5g\.

g]kfnsf] lgof{tdf lemgf] cfsf/sf] j[l4 tyf ;fgf] cfoftg Pjd\ cfoftdf ljBdfg 7"nf] cfsf/ / ef/L j[l4sf sf/0f

d'n'ssf] Jofkf/ 3f6f aif]{gL ef/L b/n] j[l4 eO{ /x]sf] 5 . t/ of] Jofkf/3f6fsf k5fl8 ;sf/fTds kIfx? klg

6

cGt/gLlxt /x]sf 5g\ . ef}lts ;+/rgf lgdf{0fsf ;fdfu|Lx? h:t} kmnfd, :6Ln tyf ltgsf ;fdfgx?, l;d]G6,

cfn'd''lgod, tfdf h:tf j:t'x?sf] cfoftdf ePsf] j[l4n] d'n'ssf] ljsf;df ;sf/fTds of]ubfg lbPsf] b]lvG5 .

o;} u/L d'n'ssf nflu clt cfjZos cf}Bf]lus sRrfkbfy{x? h:t} sRrf kfd cfon, l;d]G6 lSn+s/, kf]lnlyg

Uo|fg'cn, /a/, /;fog h:tf j:t'x?sf] cfoft pNn]Vo ?kdf ePsf] 5 . dnsf] cfoftdf j[l4 b]lvtfklg o:tf]

cfoftn] s[lif pTkfbg j[l4df 7"nf] e"ldsf v]ln/x]sf] b]lvG5 .

k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] cfoftdf j[l4 eP tfklg k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] clwsfFz cfoft cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg, dfnj:t' 9'jfgL

tyf ;fj{hlgs oftfoftdf vr{ eO{ /x]sf] ;Gbe{df oL j:t'x?sf] cfoftn] klg d'n'ssf] cy{tGqnfO{ ;an agfpg

dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg lbPsf] kfOG5 .

g]kfnn] ljutdf lgof{t ul//x]sf t/ jt{dfgdf cfoft ul//x]sf] j:t'x?

ljut s]xL bzs otf g]kfnsf] lgof{t Jofkf/df ;F/rtgfut kl/j{tgx? b]vf k/]sf 5g\ . s[lifhGom sfi7hGo

j:t'x?sf] v'b lgof{tstf{ d'n's xfn cfP/ oL pTkfbgx?sf] v'b cfoftfstf{ ePsf] 5 . lgof{tstf{ Jofkf/ tyf

lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|sf] tYofFs cg';f/ g]kfndf ljutdf wfg, rfdn, h'6 tyf h'6sf ;fdfgx?, ux'Fsf] kL7f] pNn]Vo

dfqf lgsf;L ul/x]sf] kfOP tfklg xfn cfP/ oL j:t'sf] cfoft ef/L dfqf x'g] u/]]sf] 5 . pQm j:t'x? dWo] wfg,

rfdn cflb ef/tdf lgsf;L eO{ /x]sf x'Gy] eg] ux'Fsf] kL7f] rLgtkm{ lgsf;L x'g] uYof]{ . xfn sRrf h'6 ljb]zaf6

cfoft u/]/ h'6sf k|zf]lwt pTkfbgx? lgsf;L ul/x]sf] 5f}+ .

s'g} ;do ef/tdf 7"nf] kl/df0fdf sf7 lgsf;L eO{/x] tfklg xfn cfP/ Dofgdf, O08f]g]lzof h:tf d'n'sx?af6

sf7x? cfoft eO{/x]sf] 5 . g]kfnn] ljutdf lgsf;L u/]sf / xfn cfoft ul//x]sf j:t'x?sf] pTkfbgnfO{ a[l4

ug]{ ;Defjgf /lx cfPsf] kl/k|]Ifdf tL j:t'x?sf] pTkfbg clea[l4 ul/ k'g M lgsf;L tyf cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ug{

;lsG5 .

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zl:yt eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t j}b]lzs Jofkf/

cGo k|b]zsf eG;f/ sfof{nox? / ;'b"/klZrdsf eG;f/ sfof{onx? dfkm{t x'g] lgof{t cfoftdf tflTjs leGgtf 5

. ljlzi6 ef}uf]lns pkl:yltsf sf/0f s}nfnL eG;f/ sfof{no, s~rgk'/ eG;f/ sfof{n, em'nf3f6f eG;f/ sfof{no

/ tL eG;f/ sfof{no dfxxtsf 5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t x'g] lgof{t cfoft ;'b"/klZrdsf] ahf/ nlIft

cfoft lgof{t x'g] ub{5 . tL eG;f/ ljGb"x?af6 x'g] lgof{t cfoft cGo k|b]zdf hfg] ;Defjgf Go'g /x]sf] :yfgLo

Joj;foLx?sf] egfO{ /x]sf] 5 . o;y{ oL eG;f/ ljGb" eP/ x'g] lgof{t cfoft ;"b"/klZrd k|b]zaf6 x'g] lgof{t

cfoftsf ?kdf lng ;lsG5 .

;fljs ;'b"/klZrd ljsf; If]q / xfn ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf] ;Ldfgf Pp6} ePsf] x'Fbf ljutsf] tYofFsnfO{ ;d]t x]bf{

o; k|b]zsf eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t ePsf] lgof{t / cfoftsf] k|j[lQ b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .

7

u|fkm g+=@M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zl:yt eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t ePsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/

cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&% df pk/f]Qm eG;f/ ljGb"x?dfkm{t ePsf] lgof{t / cfoft b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .

lgof{t

tflnsf g+=$M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t ePsf] k|d['v j:t'x?sf] lgof{t

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t ePsf] k|d['v j:t'x?sf] lgof{t

cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&%

j:t'sf] gfd d"No ? xhf/df

/f]lhg, /]]lhg Pl;8 /

6k]G6fOg t]n 596,386

jg:kltsf pTkfbgx? 127,354

sR5 18,435

hLljt hgfj/ 16,766

x:tsnfsf ;fdfgx? 12,238

;f/t]n 3,733

cGo 1,706

s'n 776,618

-

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

14.00

16.00

18.00

20.00

2071/72 2072/73 2073/74 2074/75

? ca{df

cfly{s jif{

;'b'?klZrd k|b]zl:yt eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkmt{ ePsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/

lgof{t

cfoft

8


cfoft

tflnsf g++ %M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t ePsf] k|d['v j:t'x?sf] cfoft

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t ePsf] k|d['v j:t'x?sf] cfoft

cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&%

j:t'sf] gfd d"No ? xhf/df

vlgh OGwg 7,025,162

dlzg/L tyf kf6{\; 2,088,182

cGg 1,180,738

oftfoftsf ;fwggx? 921,963

tof/L vfB kbfy{ 876,650

sfuh 771,283

vfB pBf]usf] kl/sf/x? 630,911

t/sf/L 539,785

ljh'nLsf] ;fdfgx? 369,678

kmnkm'n 347,527

cGo 3,576,889

s'n 18,328,769


;'b'/klZrd k|b]zdf cjl:yt eG;f/ ljGb"x?af6 ePsf] k|d'v s[lifhGo j:t'sf] cfoft

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf lxdfn kxf8 t/fO{ ltg} y/Lsf] e'uf]ndf zLtf]i0f, ;dzLtf]i0f / u|Lid tLg} cf]6f hnjfo'df kmNg

;Sg] s[lif pTkfbgsf] ;+efjgf ePtfklg o; k|b]zdf s[lifhGo j:t'x?sf] cfoft klg k|z:t dfqfdf x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&% ePsf] s[lif hGo j:t'x?sf] k|d['v cfoft b]xfo

adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .

9

tflnsf g++ ^ M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t ePsf] k|d'v s[lif hGo j:t'x?sf] cfoft

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t ePsf] s[lif hGo j:t'x?sf] k|d['v cfoft

cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&%

j:t'sf] gfd kl/df0f d]6=df d"No ? xhf/df

df5f 548 67,744

km'n 157 2,951

cfn' 99,471 382,561

tfhf Kofh 455 14,684

;'Vf Kofh 5,861 68,588

s]/f 589 27,515

cfFk 483 18,564

cFu'/ 520 27,961

:ofpm 907 61,223

ds} 12,913 301,504

rfdn 18,829 828,085

ddkmnL 2 1975.251

;:+o'{ 2,119 95,769

lrgL / ld7fO{ 1,771 107,639

lj:s'6 5,268 709,955

6f]i6]8 a|]8 250 42,026

a]s/Lsf kl/sf/x? 305 72,039

bfndf]7 1,835 290,035

s'/d'/] 5 1,177

l:k/L6 840 60,268

lkgf 11,833 576,276

;"tL{ 143 33,003

10

cWoogsf] p2]Zo / ck]lIft pknJwL

pk/f]Qm k[i7e"lddf k|b]z:t/df ljBdfg ;Defjgfx?sf] vf]hL / tL ;+efjgfx?nfO{ Jojxf/df ptf/L ljz]if u/L

k|b]zsf] cfly{s pGglQ / ;du|df b]zs} cfly{s ;d'GglQsf nflu kxn yfNg' cfjZos b]lvG5 . oxL knxsbdLsf]

Pp6f kf6f]sf] ?kdf k|b]z:t/df lgof{t ;Defjgf ePsf, foftk|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] / cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf

ePsf j:t'x? tyf ;]jfx?sf] k|f]kmfOn tof/ ug{ cWoogsf] yfngL ul/Psf] xf] . o; cWoogsf] p2]Zo /

cWoogaf6 k|fKt pknJwL b]xfo adf]llhd /x]sf] 5 .

p2]ZoM

o; cWoogsf] p2]Zo b]xfo adf]lhd /x]]sf] 5 .

-!_ k|b]znfO{ cfly{s ?kdf cfTdlge{/ agfO{ lgof{t clej[l4 dfkm{t d'n'ssf]a9\bf] Jofkf/3f6fnfO{ sd ug{ ;xof]u

k'Øfpg]

-@_ cGt/ k|fb]lzs Jofkf/nfO{ clejl4 ug]{

-#_ cfofltt dfnj:t'x?nfO{ k|b]zdf pTkflbt dfnj:t'x?n] k|lt:yfkg ug]{,

-$_ k|b]z:t/df ;Defjgf ePsf j:t' tyf ;]jf Jofkf/sf cj;/x?nfO{ klxrfg u/L Jofkf/ k|j4{g tyf gLltx?

th"[{df ug{ ;xof]u k'Øfpg] .

-%_ eljiodf ul/g] cWoogsf nflu cfwf/ b:tfj]hsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{

pknJwLM

of] cWoog k|ltj]bgaf6 ;du|df l;+uf] d'n'snfO{ / ljz]iftM o; k|b]znfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf pknJwL x'g] b]lvPsf]

5 .

-!_k|b]zsf lgof{t ;Defjgf ePsf j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] hfgsf/L x'g],

-@_ k|b]zdf cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] klxrfg x'g]

-#_ cGt/ k|b]z Jofkf/sf ;Defljt j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf ;"lr tof/ x'g]

-$_ pk/f]Qm ;"lrsf cfwf/df lgof{t ;Defjgf ePsf, cfoft k|lt:yfkg x'g] / cGt/ k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgfsf

af/]df k|b]znfO{ gLlt th'{df ug{ pkof]uL x'g]

-%_ eljiodf ;dfg k|s[ltsf cWoog ug{ ;Gbe{ ;fdfu|L ?kdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]

11

cWoogsf] ljlwM

of] cWoog ub{f ;j{k|yd ljleGg >f]tx? h:t} s[lif tyf kz'k+IfL dGqfno, k|b]z ;/sf/af6 k|sflzt b:tfj]hx?,

pBf]u ljefu, sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{no, s[lif ljefu, vfgL tyf e"ue{ ljefu, s]Gb|Lo tYofÍ ljefu, jg

ljefuaf6 ljB't ljsf; ljefu, vfB tyf s[lif ;+u7g, cfOl6;L, Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb| nufotsf

ljleGg pknJw l4tLos tYofÍ (Secondary Data) pkof]u ul/Psf] 5 . cWoogsf qmddf ;+VofTds -

Quantitative_ / u'0ffTds -Qualitative_ tYofFsx? b'j} k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . ;+VofTds tYofFsx? pknJw x'g

g;s]sf] cj:yfdf u'0ffTds tYofFsnfO{ ;d]t k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . pQm tYofÍaf6 k|fKt pTkfbg ;DaGwL ljj/0f,

pBf]u ;DaGwL ljj/0f, vfgL ;DaGwL ljj/0fnfO{ tflnlss/0f tyf jlu{s/0f ug{] sfo{ ul/of] . tTkZrft pQm

tYofÍ tyf ljj/0fx? pk/ k|b]z l:yt ljleGg pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3, pBdL, Joj;foLx?;+u cGt/lqmof u/L ?h' ug{]

sfo{ ;DkGg ul/of] . To;af6 k|fKt lg:sif{x?af6 k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L pQm k|ltj]bgdf pn\n]lvt ljifox?

pk/ ;/f]sf/jfnf ;/sf/L lgsfox?, k|b]z l:yt p.jf. ;+3sf] ;xeflutfdf k|b]zsf] /fhwfgLdf k|:t'lts/0f ug{'sf

cltl/Qm /fo ;'emfj ;+sng ug{] sfo{ ul/of] .;Dk"0f{ /fo ;'emfjnfO{ ;d]6L of] k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .

cWoogsf ;Ldfx?

o; cWoogsf qmddf b]xfo adf]lhdsf ;Ldfx? /x]sf 5g\ . oL ;Ldfx?leq /xL cWoognfO{ ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 .

-!_ låtLos -Secondary_ tYofFssf] clws k|of]u

-@_ Dofg'km\ofSrl/ªtkm{ pTkfbgsf] tYofFs sdLn] ;"rgfdf a9L lge{/ x'g'

-#_ s[lif If]qsf] pTkfbg tYofFs @)&#÷&$ df ;Lldt /xg'

-$_ ;]jf Jofkf/tkm{sf] If]qut tYofFs pknJw x'g g;Sg'

-%_ k|b]z:t/df pkef]usf] tYofFs pknJw gx'g'

12

Jofkf/sf b[li6df ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf] SWOT ljZn]if0f

;flxTo k'g/fjnf]sg, k|b]z ;/sf/ / lghL If]q;Fu ul/Psf] cGt/lqmofsf cfwf/df ;'b"/klZrdsf] ;du| kIf -

;antf, b'a{ntf, cj;/ / xfFs _ sf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] lgrf]8x? k|fKt ePsf 5g\ .

tflnsf g+= &M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z SWOT ljZn]if0f

;an kIf b'j{n kIf

hnljBt'df PsltxfO{ lx:;f k"jf{wf/sf] sdL

ef/t / rLg hf]8g\ k|b]z bIf hgzlQmsf] sdL

ef/tlt/sf] 7"nf] hg;Vof lzIffsf] sdL

lxdfn kxf8 t/fO{sf] ;Fud

vfBfGgdf nueu nueu cfTdlge{/

ax'd"No h8La'6Lsf] e08f/

e'uf]n cg';f/ a}df};dL cuf{lgs pTkfbg x'g]

ko{6gsf] pHHjn ;Defjgf

clk ;okfn lxdfnsf] cj:lylt

dfg;/f]j/sf] 5f6f] af6f]

cj;/x? xfFs

nufgLsf nflu pj{/ cGt/k|b]zLo k|lt:kwf{

ef/t / rLgsf] ahf/ v'Nnf ;Ldfgf

phf{sf] e08f/ Osf]gf]dL :s]nsf] sdL

;:tf] >d hgtfsf] qmozlQm Go'g

sd vlr{nf] hLjgofkg

13

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf s]xL k|d'v s[lifhGo j:t'x?sf] pTkfbg l:ylt

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf lxdfn b]lv t/fO{;Dd kmNg] ;a} k|sf/sf vfBfGgx? k|z:tdfqfdf pTkfbg x'G5 . ;'b"/klZrdsf]

jt{dfg hg;+Vof, g]kfnsf] cf};t k|ltJolQm pkef]u / pTkfbgsf cfwf/df x]bf{ ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf] k|wfg vfBfGg

afnLsf] pTkfbg pkef]u / ;Gt'ngsf] cj:yf b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .

vfBfGg

tflnsf g+= *M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf cGg pTkfbgsf] cj:yf

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf cGg pTkfbgsf] cj:yf - cflly{s jif{ @)&#.&$_

VffBfGg pTkfbg d]=6= pkef]u d]=6= ;Gt'ng d]=6=

rfdn 403462 327755 75707

ds} 98947 48,969 49978

ux'F 294034 58,895 235049

sf]bf] 15053 9,738 5765

kmfkm/ 158 278 —!@)

hf}+ 6613 278 6435

>]ftM s[lif tyf kz'kIfL ljsf; dGqfno tyf s]Gb|Lo tYofFs ljefusf] Pg'cn xfp;xf]N9 ;a]{ @)!$.!% tyf

/lli6«o hgu0fgf @)^*

k|d'v gub]jfnLM-cfly{s jif{ @)&#.&$_

;'b"/klZrd k|b]z vfBfGg h:t} gub]jfnL nflu k|Voft /x]sf] 5 . o; k|b]zdf t]nxg / cfn' k|z:t dfqfdf

pTkfbg x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . o; k|b]zsf k|d'v gub]afnLx?sf] cfly{s jif{ @)&#.&$df t]nxg, cfn' / pv'sf]

pTkfbg b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g+=( M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf k|d'v gub]afnLsf] pTkfbg

t]nxg If]qkmn x]S6/df 30,731

pTkfbg d]= 6= 39,893

cfn' x]S6/df 14,918

pTkfbg d]= 6= 200,368

pv' x]S6/df 5,665

pTkfbg d]= 6= 246,470

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kIfL ljsf; dGqfno, @)&#.&$

14

k|d'v t]nxgsf] pTkfbg -cfly{s jif{ @)&#.&$_

tflnsf g+= !)M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf k|d'v t]nxg afnLsf] pTkfbg

tf]/L

If]qkmn x]S6/df 27,271

pTkfbg d]= 6= 29,631

;:o"

If]qkmn x]S6/df 127

pTkfbg d]= 6= 79

/fof] If]qkmn x]S6/df 43

pTkfbg d]= 6= 31

;"o{d'vL If]qkmn x]S6/df 78

pTkfbg d]= 6= 88

ltn If]qkmn x]S6/df 528

pTkfbg d]= 6= 536

abfd If]qkmn x]S6/df 77

pTkfbg d]= 6= 99

cfn; If]qkmn x]S6/df 545

pTkfbg d]= 6= 344 >f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kIfL ljsf; dGqfno, @)&#.&$

d;nfhGo j:t'x? -cfly{s jif{ @)&#.&$_

d;nfdf k|of]u x'g] s[lifhGo pTkfbgx? klg ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf k|z:tdfqfdf pTkfbg x'g] ub{5 . s[lif tyf

kz'kIfL ljsf; dGqfnosf] cfly{s jif{ @)&#.&$ sf] tYofFs cg';f/ k|b]zdf d;nfhGo s[lif j:t'x?sf] pTkfbg

b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g++= !!M;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf k|d'v d;nfhGo afnLsf] pTkfbg

cn}rL s'n If]qkmn 18

pTkflbt If]qkmn 7

pTkfbg 3

cb'jf If]qkmn x]S6/df 1,590

pTkfbg d]= 6= 26,408

n;'g If]qkmn x]S6/df 1,647

pTkfbg d]= 6= 14,991

a];f/ If]qkmn x]S6/df 1,350

pTkfbg d]= 6= 15,781

v';f{gL If]qkmn x]S6/df 1,065

pTkfbg d]= 6= 3,546 >f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kIfL ljsf; dGqfno, @)&#.&$

15

kz'kIfL

tLgcf]6f hnjfo'o'Qm e'uf]nsf] sf/0f ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ;a}k|sf/ kz'kIfLx? k|z:t dfqfdf kfOG5g\ . k|z:tdfqf

r/g If]qsf] pknJwtf tyf kz'kfng cfocfh{gsf] d'Vo >f]t /x]sf sf/0f klg o; k|b]zdf kz'kIfLx? kfng x'g]

u/]sf] 5 h;sf] ljj/0f o;k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g+= !@ M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pknJw kz'kIfLsf] ljj/0f

kz'kIfLsf] gfd ;FVof

ufO{j:t' 1,010,845

e};L 519,599

e]8f 102,571

afv|f 1,078,290

;'Fu'/ 60,288

s'v'/f 2,987,428

xfF; 13,618 >f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kIfL ljsf; dGqfno, @)&#.&$

b'w pTkfbgsf] cj:yf

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ufO{ e};L ;a}k|sf/ b'w pTkfbg x'g] u/] tfklg e};Lsf] b"wsf] lx:;f c? b'wsf] lx:;fsf] t'ngfdf

a9L /x]sf] 5 . ufO{ / e};Lsf] ;+Vof nueu a/fa/ /x]tfklg s'n b'w pTkfbgdf e};Lsf] b'wsf] lx:;f sl/j %^

k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf b'wfn' ufO{ e};L / b'w pTkfbgsf] ljj/0f o;k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g+= !#M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ufO{e}[;L / b'Uw pTkfbgsf] cj:yf

ufO{j:t'sf] gfd ;+Vof

b'w lbg] ufO{ 148055

b'w lbg e}+;L 148465

ufO{s]f b'w d]=6=df 92062

e};Lsf] b'w d]=6= df 116792

s'n b'w pTkfbg d]=6= df 208854

16

df;' pTkfbg -cfly{s jif{ @)&#.&$_

tflnsf g+= !$M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pTkflbt df;'sf] ljj/0f

df;'sf] k|sf/ pTkfbg d]=6=df

/fuf 18605

v;L 7354

;'fu'/ 1024

s'v'/f 2802

xfF; 7

s'n 29792

kFIfL / c08f

lj/0f ;+Vof xhf/df

s'v'/fsf] c08f 47913

xf;sf] c08f 503

s'n 48416

df5f

tflnsf g+= !$ M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf df5fsf] pTkfbg

lj/0f ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z

kf]v/L ;+Vof 2,502

If]qkmn 313

pTkfbg d]=6= 1,377

t/sf/L

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf tLgj6} hnjfo'df 5 cf]6} Ct'df kmNg] t/sf/Lx? pTkfbg x'g] u/]sf] 5 . s[lif tyf kz'kIfL

ljsf; dGqfnosf] cfly{s jif{ @)&#.&$ df k|sflzt tYofFs cg';f/ o; k|b]zdf pTkflbt t/sf/Lsf] ljj/0f

o;k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g+= !% M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf t/sf/Lsf] pTkfbg

ljj/0f pTkfbg d]=6= ljj/0f pTkfbg d]=6=

sfpnL 21,918 ef06f 14,883

aGbf 24,312 Kofh 21,323

a|f]sfpnL 930 sfqmf] 21,159

6df6/ 22,691 km;L{ 14,812

d'nf 21,013 ltt]s/]nf 8,532

;fu 12,551 a/]nf 318

17


ufFh/ 671 l3/f}nf 6,447

uf06]d'nf 233 lrlr08f] 5,039

e]8] v';f{gL 1,256 nf}sf 13,510

s]/fpm sf];f 3,487 s'lk08f] 646

u]8fu'8L 30578 t/a'hf 5,711

?v 6df6/ 20 wlgofsf] kft 5,969

cas/] 269 d]yLsf] kft 6,006

v';fgL{ 20,871 >f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kIfL ljsf; dGqfno, @)&#.&$

k|d'v pBf]ux?sf] ljj/0f

;'b"/klZrd k|b]z cf}Bf]lusLs/0fsf] o'udf k|j]z ug{ nfu]sf] 5 . o; k|b]zdf lrgL, lj:s'6, dlb/f, vfB k|zf]wg

nufot 7"nf / ;fgf pBf]ux? :yfkgf eO{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf] 5g\ . o;k|b]zdf /x]sf pBf]ux?sf] ;+IfLKt ljj/0f

b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 . ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf] pBf]u, ko{6g jg tyf jftfj/0f dGqfnosf] tYofFs cg';f/ lhNnfdf

s'n @)%#& ljleGg :t/sf pBf]ux? :yfkgf eO{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . tL pBf]ux?f s'n ? !@ ca{ nufgL

/x]sf] / ;f]af6 jflif{s ? %# ca{sf] pTkfbg x'g] tYofFs /x]sf] pQm dGqfnosf] tYofFsdf pNn]lvt 5 . o;} u/L

;g\ @)!* df ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf lgDg k|sf/sf pBf]ux? sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{nodf btf{ eO{ ;~rfngdf

cfPsf 5g\ .

tflnsf g+= !^M sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{nodf btf{ ePsf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z cjl:yt sDkgLx?sf] juL{s/0f

sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{nodf btf{ ePsf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z cjl:yt sDkgLx?sf] juL{s/0f

@)!*

lgdf{0f 215 wft' 4 lhof]6]s 1

Jofkf/ 99 ahf/ Joj:yfkg 3 af|vf| cg';Gwfg 1

s[lif 91 kz'cfxf/ 2 xf8{j]o/ 1

lzIff 87 O6f 2 Xofr/L 1

k/fdz{ 56 ljh'nL pBf]u 2 nufgL 1

oftfoft / 9'jfgL 54 dT:okfng 2 df;' 1

tfnLd s]Gb| 43 h'Qf 2 cf}ifwL cfk"lt{ 1

cfltYo pBf]u 33 tof/L kf]zfs 2 kfgL 1

;~rf/ 31 OG6/g]6 ;]jf 2 Kof/fUnfO8 1

6'/ P08 6«fen 22 uxgf 2 uxgf 1

18

k|fljlws s]Gb| 21 vlgh 2 Knfli6s pBf]u 1

OlGhl/ol/ª 20 t]n 2 KnfO{ 1

lSnlgs 15 s[lif ag 1 5fkvfgf 1

c:ktfn 14 s[lif cg';Gwfg 1 cg;Gwfg 1

c6f]df]afOn 11 s[lif ko{6g 1 cg';Gwfg 1

;'/Iff ;]jf 6 je]/]h 1 afn'jf k|zf]wg 1

ljQ ;]jf 5 s]jn 1 :qm\ofk 1

vfB pBf]u 5 s]jnsf/ 1 ljpm sDkgL 1

l/;f]6{ 5 l86/h]G6 1 ;fa'g pBf]u 1

dgf]/~hg 4 Osdz{ 1 ax'd"No k:t/ 1

h8La'6L tyfs sfi7 5 kz'cfxf/ pBf]u 1 wfuf] pBf]u 1

dlb/f 5 kfs]{l6ª 1 jGohGt' cg';Gwfg 1

>f]t sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{no

o;} u/L s]lGb|o tYofFs ljefusf] g]kfnsf] cfly{s u0fgf @)&% df ;'b"/klZr k|b]zsf] ;du| pB]fu Joj;fosf]

lj:t[t lrq0f k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 h;sf] ljj/0f o;k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g+= !& M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pBf]u Joj;fosf] If]qut l:ylt

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pBf]u Joj;fosf] If]qut l:ylt

If]q ;'b"/klZrd

k|lti7fg ;+Vof ;+nUg hgzlQm

s[lif, jg tyf df5fkfng Joj;fo - btf{ ePsf k|lti7fgdfq_ 1,921 5576

vfgL tyf pTvgg 116 164

cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg 7,743 26684

ljB't, UofF;, jfkm tyf jftfg's'lnt cfk'lt{ 195 1271

kfgL cfk'lt{,9n, kmf]x/ Joj:yfkg tyf k|zf]wg lqmofsnfk 86 356

lgdf{0f 147 1061

yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/, df]6/ uf8L, df]6/;fOsnsf] dd{t 33,398 60262

oftfoft tyf uf]bfd 228 1031

19

cfjf; ;'ljwf tyf vfgf Joj:yfsf lqmofsnfk 7,468 16707

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ 155 1220

ljQLo tyf ljdf ;DaGwL lqmofsnfk 951 7866

3/hUuf sf/f]af/sf lqmofsnfk 4 15

k]zfut, j}1flgs tyf k|fljlws lqmofsnfk 491 1026

k|zf;lgs tyf ;xof]uL lqmofsnfk 180 575

lzIff 4,368 42771

dfgj :jf:Yo tyf ;fdflhs sfo{sf lqmofsnfk 1,833 9633

snf, dgf]/~hg tyf dgf]ljgf]b lqmofsnfk 88 287

cGo ;]jf lqmofsnfk ;~rfng ug]{ k|lti7fg 3,596 8695

hDdf 62,968 185,200

>f]tM s]lGb|o tYofFs ljefu

vlgh / vlghsf pTkfbgx?

;'b"/klZrd k|b]z vlgh >f]tdf klg wgL k|b]zsf ?kdf /x]s]f 5 . vfgL tyf e"ue{ ljefusf] tYofFs cg';f/

o;k|b]zsf pknJw vfgLsf] lhNnfut ljj/0f b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g++ !* M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pknJw vfgLx?

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pknJw vfgLx?

lhNnf vfgLsf] ljj/0f

c5fd

a]l;s /s, ;'g, sfOgfO6, dfOsf, k]udfO6, kfO/fO6, o'/]lgod, a]l;s

/s

;'g

sfOgfO6

dfOsf

k]udf6fO6

kfO/fO6

o'/f]lgod

a]l;s /s

j}t8L

sf]afN6

8f]nf]dfO6

;'g

kmnfd

r'g9''Fuf

DofUg];fO6

20

kmf]:kmf]/fO6

6fNs

o'/f]lgod

lh+s

aemfª

P06Ldf]gL

cf;]{lgs

a]l;s /s

qmf]ldod

sf]afN6

sf]afN6

;'g

u|]gfO6

kmnfd

DofUg];fO6

dfOsf

k]udf6fO6

kmf]:kmf]/fO6

kfO/fO6

Sjfh{

Sjfh{fO6

:n]6

l6g

o'/f]lgod

afh'/f

lh+s

a]l;s /s

sf]afN6

;'g

kmnfd

kmf]:kmf]/fO6

o'/f]lgod

88]Nw'/f

tfdf

u|]gfO6

rfFbL

:n]6

l6g

6Fu:6g

lh+s

21

cf;]{lgs

lj;dy

sf]afN6

;'g

bfr'{nf

a]l;s /s

sf]afN6

sf]afN6

8f]nf]dfO6

;'g

kmnfd

ln8

DofUg];fO6

kfO/fO6

Sjfh{fO6

6fNs

6Fu:6g

o'/f]lgod

s}nfnL ;'g

>f]tM vfgL tyf e"ue{ ljefu

;]jf Jofkf/

;]jf Jofkf/sf If]qdf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ko{6g / :jf:Yo ;]jfsf If]qdf a9L ;Defjgfx? b]lvPsf 5g\ .

-s_ ko{6gM

;'b"/klZrd ef}uf]lns b[li6sf]0fn] ljljwtfo'Qm / ;'Gb/ k|b]z ePtfklg o; k|b]zdf 3'Dg cfpg] ljb]zL ko{6sx?sf]

;+Vof cToGt Go'g /x]sf] 5 . ko{6g dGqfnoaf6 k|sflzt tYofFs cg';f/ ;g\ @)!& df o; k|b]zdf s'n % xhf/

$ ;o ^) ko{6sn] e|d0f u/]sf] kfOG5 . g]kfndf ko{6ssf] cf};t !@=^ lbg a;fO{ / %$ 8n/ k|ltlbg vr{sf

lx;fan] o; k|b]zdf ;g\ @)!& df ko{6g ;]jf dfkm{t s/Lj !( ca{ hlt a}b]lzs d'b|f cfh{g ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;

cltl/Qm s'n b]jtfsf] k'hf, hfqf, kj{ dfGg / k'Vof}nL tLy{:yndf g]kfnleq}af6 klg xhf/f}+ xhf/ dflg;x?

;'b"/klZrd k|b]z 3'Dg] u/]sf] kfOG5. . oftfoftsf] pknJwtf;Fu} xfnsf jif{x?df clk ;okfn kbofqf, vKt8,

/fdf/f]zg, al8dflnsf cflb If]qdf 3'Dg hfg] g]kfnLx?sf] ;+Vof klg a9\g yfn]sf] :yfgLo Joj;foLx?sf] egfO

/x]]sf] 5 .

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf] ko{6sLo :ynx?

o; If]qdf ko{6sLo lx;fan] dxTjk"0f{ ;}kfn lxdfn, al8dflnsf, /fdf/f]zg, ;'df{ ;/f]j/, clkgDkf ;+/If0f If]q,

3f]8f3f]8L /fd;f/ If]q, z'SnfkmfF6f /fli6«o lgs'~h, l6sfk'/ kfs{, s0ff{nL rL;fkfgL, vKt8 /fli6«o lgs'~h nufot

cGo l;d;f/ tfntn}ofx¿ /x]sf 5g\ .

22

ko{6sLo dxTjsf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z sf] k'/ftflTjs ;Dkbfx?

o; k|b]z cGtu{t ;fF:s[lts tyf k'/ftflTjs dxTj ;Dkbfx¿df d'VotM ps'sf eUgfjz]ifx¿, kftLsf gfpnf,

b]jnxf6sf gfpnf, b]jnxf6sf b]jnx¿, l/dufpFsf b]jnx¿, du/ufpFsf] 9'+u]wf/f, wd{zfnf, tNnfb]xL eujtL

dlGb/, b]jn lbJok'/sf b]jnx¿, dl0fn]s b]jn, chod]?sf]6, huGgfy dlGb/, chod]?sf Gofpnfx¿, xf6ufpFsf

b]jnx¿, jL/vDasf] wd{zfnf, sf]6]nLsf] b]jn, cd/u9L lsNnf, lgnkgn dlGb/, lrk'/sf] ;efd08k, cd/u9L

wd{zfnf, uf]/]n eujtL dlGb/, a'9L 36fn, 8fu]Zj/L dlGb/, 36fn:yfgsf] blIf0f 8fF8fsf] k|frLg eUgfjz]ifx¿,

l;+xk'/sf] k'/ftflTjs :yn, b]jn afFem, a8Ldflnsf, 8'8Ld'u|, gfpnf, rGb|gfy dlGb/, a8Ldflnsf dlGb/, dflnsf

u9L / dflnsf dlGb/, ph]nL ufpFsf] b]jn, z}n]Zj/L dlGb/, /fgL kf}jf, lbkfonsf]6 / sf]6 e}/j, sfnfufpFsf] b]jn,

ljgfossf k~rb]jn, tfnsf]6fsf] b]jn, ljgfossf] slgsf b]jn, ljgfossf] 9'Fu]wf/f s'rLlaxf/, bgf{sf]6 b/af/,

efu]Zj/sf] Psb]jn, afF;;}gsf] b]jn, b]jnu8fsf] Ps b]jn, sfnfufpFsf] 9'+u]wf/f, gfO{ufpFsf] 9'+u]wf/f, d+un]Zj/L

dlGb/, ;]/fsf] 9'+u]wf/f / k|frLg cjz]ifx¿, Ps b]jn, wdfnLsf b'O b]jn, bgf{sf]6 glhssf] k~rb]jn, uef{ b/af/,

wgu9L b/af/, ;ft alxgL b]jLsL, !@ efO{ di6fsf] c7f/ efO{ a08fnLsf yfgx?, 3]3|sf] a08fnL, d06f]df8f}+,

afNofdf8', n6\ofsf yfg, ;fr'nf, kfFr'nL, dgfGof yfg, ;ft alxgL b]jLsL, j}hgfy /x]sf 5g\ .

-v_ :jf:Yo ;]jf

;'b"/klZrdsf] s}nfNLsf] u]6fdf cjl:ylt cfFvf c:ktfndf g]q pkrf/sf nflu xhf/f}+ ef/tLox? cfpg] ub{5 . o;

jfkt g]kfnnfO{ s/f}8f}+ cfDbfgL x'g] ub{5 . o; If]qsf] Jojl:yt ljsf; ug]{ xf] eg] eljiodf ;''b"/klZrd k|b]z g]q

pkrf/sf nflu ef/tLox?sf] cfsif{s s]Gb|sf ?kdf ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf k|an /x]sf] b]lvG5 . cfly{s jif{

@)&$.&% df dfq} o; c:ktfnn] ef/tLo ;]jfu|fxLaf6 ? $,%(,@^,))) cfDbfgL u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

otf :jb]zdf kof{Kt lrls:;s / c:ktfnsf] cefjdf cGo lj/fdLx? 7'nf] ;+Vofdf ef/t hfg] / ;f] jfkt 7"nf]

/sd aflxl/g] u/]sf] :jf:Yo If]q;Fu ;DjlGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] egfO{ /x]sf] 5 .

lzIff ;]jfM

k|b]zdf pRr lzIffsf nflu kof{Kt z}lIfs ;+:yfx?sf] sdLn] ubf{ ef/t, t]>f] / d'n'ssf cGo e"efudf ljBfyL{x?

k9\g hfg] u/]sf kfOG5 . o; k|b]zaf6 sf7df8f}+, g]kfnu~h nufot cGo If]qdf 7"nf] ;+Vofdf ljBfyL{x? k9\g

hfg] u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

23

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pTkfbg x'g], lgof{t ;Defjgf ePsf, cfoft

k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] tyf cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf j:t'x?sf]

ljZn]if0f

cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ tyf cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] j:t'x?

-!_ wfg rfdnM

t:jL/ g++ ! M

>f]tM u'unOd]h

g]kfndf rfdn pTkfbgsf] l:yltM

g]kfndf cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷&$ df rfdnsf] s'n pTkfbg #% nfv %^ xhf/ ^ ;o @@ d]=6= ePsf]

kfOG5 . k|b]zut cfwf/df x]bf{ k|b]z g+= !, k|b]z g+= @, k|b]z g+= % / ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf rfdnsf]

pTkfbg clws ePsf] kfOG5 . o;/L ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf clws ePsf] rfdn ljz]if u/L kfos kg]{

glhssf] k|b]z s0ff{nL k|b]zdf cfk"lt{ ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 .

24

tflnsf g+= !(M g]kfndf rfdn pTkfbg

k|b]z pTkfbg -d]=6g_ pkef]u ;Gt'ng

! 765,324 582,308 183,016

@ 887,679 693,918 193,761

# 347,409 710,008 - 362,599

u08sL 288,516 308,654 -20,138

% 773,280 577,728 195,552

s0ff{nL 90,951 201,649 - 110,699

;'b"/klZrd 403462 327,755 75,707

hDdf 3,556,622 3,402,021 154,601

>f]tM s[lif tyf kz'kIfL ljsf; dGqfno

s[lif tyf kz'kIfL ljsf; dGqfnosf] cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷&$ sf] tYofFs cg';f/ g]kfnsf] wfgsf] pTkfbsTj ##^*

s]hL k|lt x]S6/ /x]sf] 5 . ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf wfgsf] pTkfbsTj ##^) s]hL k|ltx]]S6/ /x]sf] 5 h'g /fli6«o cf};t

eGbf ( s]hL k|ltx]S6/ sd /x]sf] kfOG5 . g]kfnsf] s'n wfg rfdn pTkfbgdf o; k|b]zsf] lx:;f !!=#$ k|ltzt

/x]sf] 5 eg] s'n wfg rfdn pTkfbg If]qkmndf o; k|b]zsf] lx:;f !!=#& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . /fli6«o cf};tnfO{

sfod x'g] u/L l;rfO{, dn, cfw'lgs k|ljlwlsf] k|of]u / pGgt jLpmsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;s]sf] v08df yk ! xhf/ %

;o !) d]=6=yk pTkfbg x'g] b]lvG5 . ef/tn] wfg pTkfbgdf sfod u/]sf] dfgsnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ;f]xL cg?k

pTkfbg ug{ ;Sg] xf] eg] ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf yk *^ xhf/ ! ;o ^! d]=6= wfg pTkfbg x'g] b]lvG5 .

tflnsf g+= @) M ;'b'/klZrd k|b]zdf pTkflbt wfg

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pTkflbt wfg

lhNnf If]qkmn pTkfbg pTkfbg s]hL k|lt x]S6/

afh'/f 3,310 7,003 2,116

aemfª 7,100 23,430 3,300

bfr'{nf 4,480 11,795 2,633

c5fd 16,580 34,818 2,100

8f]6L 10,668 23,683 2,220

a}t8L 8,000 18,540 2,318

88]Nw'/f 6,226 23,523 3,778

s}nfnL 71,700 283,224 3,950

s~rgk'/ 48,496 167,311 3,450

25

;'b?klZrd k|b]z 176,560 593,327 3,360

g]kfn 1,552,469 5,230,327 3,369

k|b]zsf] lx:;f 11.37 11.34

/fli6«o cf};tnfO{ sfod /fVbf x'g] yk

pTkfbg

1,510

ef/tsf] /fli6«o cf};tnfO{ sfod /fVbf

x'g] yk pTkfbg d]=6=

86,161

ljZj wfg pTkfbgdf g]kfnsf] l:yltM

ljZj vfB ;+u7gsf] ;g\ @)!& sf] tYofFs cg';f/ ljZj wfg pTkfbgdf g]kfnsf] :yfg !& cf}+ :yfgdf /x]sf] 5

eg] ljZj s'n pTkfbgdf g]kfnsf] lx:;f )=% k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g++ @! M ljZjdf wfg pTkfbgsf] s]xL k|d'v b]zx?sf] pTkfbg k|lt x]S6/sf] ljj/0f

ljZjsf] wfgsf] pTkfbsTj d]=6= k|ltx]S6/, @)!&

afnL a|fhLn rLg ef/t g]kfn o'P;P

wfg 6.21 6.91 3.85 3.37 8.41

>f]t vfB tyf s[lif ;Fu7g

g]kfnsf] wfg, rfdn cfoft

g]kfn s[lifk|wfg d'n's ePtfklg 7"nf] kl/df0fdf wfg rfdn ljb]zaf6 cfoft eO{ /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] s'n wfg

rfdn cfoftdf ef/tsf] lx:;f sl/j (( k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g++ = @@ M g]kfnsf] wfg rfdn cfoftsf] ljj/0f

g]kfnsf] wfg rfdn cfoftsf] ljj/0f -cfly{s jif{ @)&$÷&%_

b]z kl/df0f d]=6=df d"No ? ca{df k|lt s]hL d"No ? df

ef/t 733,869 29.04 98.8 40

cGo 5,339 0.37 1.2 69

s'n 739,208 29.41 100.0 40

s[lif tyf kz'k+IfL dGqfno pTkfbg ;DaGwL tYofÍ tyf s]lGb|o tYofÍ ljefusf] dfgjn] k|ltlbg pkef]u ug{]

kl/df0f -k|lt jif{ k|lt Jolt !!&=* s]=hL_nfO{ x]bf{ g]kfnsf] wfg pTkfbg ck'u /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnn] cf=j

@)&$.&%sf] cfoft tYofÍ x]bf{ d'n'sdf sl/j @( c/j ?k}of a/fa/sf] &,#(,@)* d]= 6g wfg, rfdn, slgsfx?

cfoft u/]sf] b]lvG5 . dfgj pkef]usf b[li6n] g]kfnsf] s'n wfg rfdn pTkfbg art /x]tfklg of] wfg rfdnsf]

dfgj pkef]usf ;fYf} ljleGg dlb/f HfGo pBf]u, ufFO j:t'sf] bfgf, km|]NS; cflbdf pkof]u eO/x]sf] 5 . olb

d'n'sdf l:f+rfO, pGgt hftsf] aLp / ;dodf dnx? k'¥ofpg ;lsodf clws pTkfbg eO{ cfoftnfO{ Go"g ug{

;lsG5 .

26

ux'F

t:jL/ g+= @

>f]tM s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb

g]kfnsf] csf]{ k|d'v vfBafnLdf ux'F klg kb{5 . ljZjsf] s'n ux'F pTkfbgdf g]kfnsf] lx:;f s/Lj )=@$ k|ltzt

/x]sf] 5 . s[lif tyf kz'kIfL ljsf; dGqfnosf] tYofFs cg';f/ ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ux'F pTkfbg @ nfv ($ xhf/

#$ d]=6 /x]sf] 5 eg] @ nfv #% xhf/ )$( d]=6= art b]lvG5 . ux'F pTkfbg x'g] g]kfnsf] s'n If]qkmndf

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf] lx:;f sl/j !(=$& /x]tfklg s'n ux'F pTkfbgdf o; k|b]zsf] lx:;f sl/j !%=^% k|ltzt

/x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ux'F pTkfbgsf] k|lt x]S6/ pTkfbgnfO{ sfod ug{ ;Sg] xf] eg] o; k|b]zdf yk &! xhf/ * ;o

(# d]=6= yk ux'F pTkfbg ug{ ;lsg] b]lvG5 . of] kl/0ffd cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ tyf cGo vfB pBf]udf k|of]u ug{

;lsg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g++ @# M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ux'Fsf] pTkfbg l:ylt

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ux'Fsf] pTkfbg l:ylt

ljj/0f kl/df0f d]=6=

pTkfbg 294,034 /fli6«o cf};tdf pkef]u 58,985

;Gt'ng 235,049

tflnsf g+= @$ M ;'b'/klZrd k|b]zdf ux'Fsf] pTkfbgsf] lhNnfut ljj/0f

lhNnf If]qkmn pTkfbg pTkfbg s]hL k|lt x]S6/

afh'/f 4,975 5,473 1,100

aemfª 10,982 14,826 1,350

bfr'{nf 5,065 8,469 1,672

27

c5fd 14,580 23,321 1,600

8f]6L 12,280 24,687 2,010

a}t8L 20,900 19,334 925

88]Nw'/f 8,724 17,954 2,058

s}nfnL 34,530 101,863 2,950

s~rgk'/ 31,253 78,108 2,499

;'b?klZrd k|b]z 143,289 294,034 2,052

g]kfn 735,850 1,879,191 2,554

k|b]zsf] lx:;f 19.47 15.65

/fli6«o cf};t sfod /fVbf

x'g] yk pTkfbg

71,893

ef/tsf] ux'Fsf] cf};t

pTkfbg sfod /fVbf x'g]

yk pTkfbg

167,261

;+o'Qm /fHo cd]ll/sfsf]

ux'Fsf] cf};t pTkfbg

sfod /fVbf x'g] yk

pTkfbg

152,215

tflnsf g++ @% Mg]kfnsf] ux'F cfoft

g]kfnsf] ux'F cfoftsf] ljj/0f -cfly{s jif{ @)&$÷&%_

b]z kl/df0f d]=6=df d"No ? ca{df k|ltzt lx:;f k|lt s]hL d"No ? df

ef/t 104895.5

2.84

99.99 27.09

cGo 3.5278

0.00

0.01 70.57

s'n 104899.1

2.84

100.00 27.09

s[lif tyf kz'k+IfL dGqfno pTkfbg ;DaGwL tYofÍ tyf s]lGb|o tYofÍ ljefusf] dfgjn] k|ltlbg pkef]u ug{]

kl/df0f -k|lt jif{ k|lt Jolt @!=@ s]=hL_nfO{ x]bf{ g]kfn ux'Fdf artdf /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnn] cf=j @)&$.&%sf] cfoft

tYofÍ x]bf{ d'n'sdf sl/j @=*$ c/j ?k}of a/fa/sf] !)$*((=! d]= 6g ux'F cfoft u/]sf] b]lvG5 . of] ux'F dfgj

pkef]usf ;fYf} ljleGg dlb/f HfGo pBf]u, kz'kIfLsf] cfxf/ -bfgf_, rfpmrfpm, lj:s'6, cf]6\;,, kfp/f]6L cflbdf

pkof]u eO/x]sf] 5 . olb d'n'sdf l:f+rfO, pGgt hftsf] aLp / ;dodf dnx? k'¥ofpg ;lsPdf clws pTkfbg

eO{ cfoftnfO{ Go"g ug{ ;lsG5 .

28

ds}

t:jL/ g+= #


g]kfnsf] csf]{ k|d'v vfBafnLdf ds} klg kb{5 . ljZjsf] s'n ds} pTkfbgdf g]kfnsf] lx:;f s/Lj )=@) k|ltzt

/x]sf] 5 . s[lif tyf kz'kIfL ljsf; dGqfnosf] tYofFs cg';f/ ;'b'?klZrddf ds} pTkfbg (* xhf/ ( ;o $&

d]=6 /x]sf] / cf};t /fli6«o pkef]usf cfwf/df lx;fj ubf{ o; k|b]zdf $* xhf/ ( ;o ^( d]=6= ds} pkef]u eO{

afFsL $( xhf/ ( ;o &* d]=6= art ePsf] b]lvG5 . ds}df jrtsf] cj:yf b]lvPtfklg of] dfgj pkef]usf

b[li6n] dfq art /x]sf] / cf}Bf]lus k|of]hg, km\n]S;, dlb/f nufot kz'cfxf/df ;d]t k|of]u x'g] kIfn] ubf{ ds}sf]

cfoft ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf l;lh{gf ePsf] xf] . ctM ;"b'/klZrd k|b]zdf /x]sf] da}sf] jtr kl/0ffd cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/

tyf cGo vfB pBf]udf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 .

of] kl/0ffd cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ tyf cGo vfB pBf]udf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . o; k|b]zsf] ux'F

pTkfbgsf] lx:;f g]kfnsf] s'n ds} pTkfbgdf If]qkmndf %=#$ k|ltzt / pTkfbgdf $=#) k|ltzt lx:;f /x]sf]

b]lvG5 . /fli6«o cf};t k|lt x]S6/ pTkfbgnfO{ sfod /fVg l;+rfO{ dn, ljpm cflblsf] kof{Kt Joj:yf ug{ ;s]sf]

v08df o; k|b]zdf yk @# xhf/ & ;o &! d]=6= ds} pTkfbg x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

tflnsf g++ @^ M ;'b"/ klZrd k|b]zdf ds}sf] pTkfbg lhNnfut ljj/0f

ljj/0f ds}

lhNnf If]qkmn

x]S6/

pTkfbg d]=6= pTkfbg s]hL k|lt

x]S6/

afh'/f 790 1,171 1,482

aemfª 4,200 5,460 1,300

bfr'{nf 5,523 11,012 1,994

29

c5fd 6,685 14,707 2,200

8f]6L 3,505 7,711 2,200

a}t8L 14,500 23,925 1,650

88]Nw'/f 3,755 13,143 3,500

s}nfnL 6,125 15,618 2,550

s~rgk'/ 2,950 6,200 2,102

;'b?klZrd k|b]z 48,033 98,947 2,060

g]kfn 900,288 2,300,121 2,555

k|b]zsf] lx:;f 5.34 4.30

/fli6«o cf};t sfod /fVbf x'g] yk pTkfbg 23,771

ef/tsf] pTkfbsTj sfod /fVbf x'g] yk pTkfbg

d]=6= 50915

*a|fhLnsf] pTkfbsTj sfod /fVbf x'g] yk pTkfbg

d]=6=

170915

* :6fl6sf86sd / s[lif tyf kz'kIfL ljsf; dGqfno @)&#.&$

tflnsf g+= @& M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ds}sf] pTkfbg / pkef]u

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ds}sf] pTkfbg l:ylt

ljj/0f kl/df0f d]=6=

pTkfbg 98,947

pkef]u -/fli6«o cf};tdf_ 48,969

;Gt'ng 49978

tflnsf g+= @* M g]kfnsf] ds} cfoftsf] ljj/0f

g]kfnsf] ds} cfoftsf] ljj/0f -cfly{s jif{ @)&$÷&%_


ef/t 460,228 11.5 96.7 25.03

cGo 6,624 0.4 3.3 59.36

s'n 466,852 11.9 100.0 25.51

30

tflnsf g++ @( M ds} pTkfbgsf k|d'v d'n'sx?sf] ds} pTkfbsTjsf] ljj/0f

s]xL k|d'v d'n'sx?sf] ljZjsf] ds}sf] pTkfbsTj d]=6= k|ltx]S6/, @)!&

afnL a|fhLn rLg ef/t g]kfn ?; o'P;P

ds} 5.62 6.11 3.12 2.55 4.90 11.08

pv'M

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pv' pTkfbg eO{ To;af6 lrgL tyf l:k/L6 ;d]t pTkfbg x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g++ #) M ;'b"/ klZrd k|b]zdf pv' pTkfbg

;'b"/ klZrd k|b]zdf pv' pTkfbg * ;'b"/klZrddf

cg'dflgt lrgL pTkfbg

d]=6=

ljj/0f If]qkmn x]S6/df pTkfbg d]=6=

df

pTkfbsTj k|lt

x]S6/ k|lt s]hL

pmv' 5,665 246,470 43,508

24647

ef/tsf] cf};t pv' pTkfbg sfod ubf{ x'g] yk pTkfbg d]=^=df 20673

* bz d]=6= pv'af6 ! d]=6= lrgL pTkfbgnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf

kmf]A;{Ol08ofsf cg';f/df ef/tdf k|lt x]S6/ pv' pTkfbg cf};t *) d]=6= /x]sf] ;Gbe{df ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf klg

jt{dfg pv'v]tLnfO{ g} sfod /fvL pTkfbsTj j[l4 ug]{ xf] eg] yk @! xhf/ d]=6 lrgL pTkfbg x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

g]kfnsf] cf};t lrgL vktsf] tYofFsnfO{ x]bf{ ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf sl/j @! xhf/ d]=6= lrgL cfjZos /x]sf] /

afFsL @$ xhf/ d]=6= lrgL cGo k|b]zdf cfk"lt{ ug{ ;lsg] of ljb]z lgof{t ug{ ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

tflnsf g+= #! M g]kfnsf] lrgL cfoft

g]kfnsf] lrgL cfoftsf] ljj/0f - cfly{s jif{ @)&$÷&%_

b]z kl/df0f d]=6= d"No ? ca{df k|lt s]hL d"No k|ltzt lx:;f

kfls:tfg 133,159 5.83 43.78 50.8

ef/t 56,205 3.19 56.69 27.8

OlhK6 16,125 0.99 61.30 8.6

aFunfb]z 7,307 0.36 49.47 3.2

yfOn]08 5,827 0.33 57.24 2.9

cGo 14,357 0.77 53.83 6.7

s'n 232,980 11.47 49.24 100.0


31

cfn'

t:jL/ g+ $M

t:jL/ >f]tM 8f= sflnsfk|;fb pkfWofo

g]kfnsf] k|d'v t/sf/Ldf cfn' klg kb{5 . ljZjsf] s'n cfn' pTkfbgdf g]kfnsf] lx:;f @^ cf}+ :yfg ;lxt

g]kfnsf] s'n lx:;f s/Lj )=& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . s[lif tyf kz'kIfL ljsf; dGqfnosf] tYofFs cg';f/

;'b'"/klZrd k|b]zdf cfn' pTkfbg @ nfv # ;o ^* d]=6 /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g+= #@ M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf cfn'sf] pTkfbg

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf cfn'sf] pTkfbg

lhNnf If]qkmn pTkfbg d]=^ pTkfbg s]hL k|lt

x]S^/

afh'/f 1,855 20,275 10,930

aemfª 1,404 12,900 9,188

bfr'{nf 658 8,427 12,807

c5fd 411 3,705 9,013

8f]6L 2,405 32,550 13,534

a}t8L 665 7,448 11,200

88]Nw'/f 838 14,047 16,763

32

s}nfnL 5,010 75,100 14,990

s~rgk'/ 1,672 25,916 15,500

;'b?klZrd k|b]z 14,918 200,368 13,431

g]kfn 194,115 2,691,037 13,863

k|b]zsf] lx:;f 7=7 7=5

/fli6«o cf};tnfO{ sfod /fVbf x'g] yk pTkfbg 6444 d]=^=

*ef/t pQ/k|b]zsf] cf};t k|lt x]S6/ @#=( d]=6= nfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf

x'g] yk pTkfbg

149747

*DofK;ckmOl08of86sd

tflnsf g+= ## M g]kfnsf] cfn' cfoftsf] ljj/0f

g]kfnsf] cfn' cfoftsf] ljj/0f -cfly{s jif{ @)&$÷&%_


ef/t 360,297 5.95 96.34 16.50

aFunfbz 17,479 0.23 3.66 12.94

cGo 1 0.00 0.00 24.14

33

pmg

t:jL/ g+= %

>f]tM Ol;df]8

;'b"/klZrdsf afh'/f aemfª, bfr'{nf / s}nfnL lhNnf- :yfgLo e]8f_ df k|z:t dfqfdf e]8f pTkfbg x'g] u/]sf]

kfOG5 . oL e]8fx?af6 aflif{s ;/b/ % ;o ($ d]=6= pmg pTkfbg u/]sf] kfOG5 . o; If]qdf pGgQ e]8fkfng ug]{

xf] eg] jflif{s # xhf/ ^ ;o d]=6 pmg pTkfbg ug{ ;lsG5 . g]kfnn] jflif{s ? #=#@ ca{sf] sl/j %=% d]=6 pmg

cfoft ul//x]sf] ;Gbe{df ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pGgt hftsf] e]8fkfng ug]{ xf] eg] pQm cfoftsf] 7"nf] lx:;f

k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf Psflt/ /x]sf] 5 eg] cGo k|b]z vkt x'g] pmg klg of] k|b]zaf6 cfk"lt{ ug{ ;lsg]

b]lvG5 .

34

t:jL/ g+= #$ M;'b'/klZrd k|b]zdf pTkfbg eO{/x]sf] / x'g ;Sg] pmg pTkfbg

;'b'/klZrd k|b]zdf pTkfbg eO{/x]sf] / x'g ;Sg] pmg pTkfbg

lhNnf e]8fsf] ;+Vof

pmg

s]hLdf

k|lt e]8f k|lt s]hL

pTkfbg

Go'hLn]08sf] pTkfbgnfO{ sfod /fVbf x'g] yk

pTkfbg k|lt e]8f $=% s]hLsf b/n]

afh'/f 21248 15787 0.74 95,616

aemfª 25223 18741 0.74 113,504

bfr'{nf 22888 17006 0.74 102,996

c5fd 3085 2451 0.79 13,883

8f]6L 665 491 0.74 2,993

a}t8L 745 554 0.74 3,353

88]Nw'/f 457 320 0.70 2,057

s}nfnL 20225 15027 0.74 91,013

s~rgk'/ 7953 5909 0.74 35,789

k|b]zsf]

s'n 102489 76286 0.74 461,201

g]kfnsf]

s'n 801975 594312 0.74 3,608,888

35

lgof{t ;DefJo j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] ljZn]if0f

h}ljs t/sf/LM

t:jL/ g++ ^


;'b"/klZrd k|b]z ef/tsf] cfly{s ultljlwsf] dxTjk"0f{ s]Gb| gofF lbNnLsf] glhssf] k|b]zsf /x]sf] 5 . ljZj e/L

pQm If]qdf ljiffbL /lxt /}yfg] hftsf] / df};dL t/sf/Lsf] g]kfn nufot ljZj e/L g} cfsif{0f a9\bf] 5 .

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf] e"uf]ndf lxdfnL kxf8L / t/fO{ tLgj6} e'efudf km/s km/s df};ddf /}yfg] hftsf t/sf/L

pTkfbg u/L ef/tLo ahf/df lgsf;L ug{ ;lsg] ;DEffjgf /x]sf] 5 . ;fy} d'n'ssf cGo k|b]zx?nfO{ o; k|sf/

t/sf/Lx? cfk"lt{ ug]{ klg ;Defjgf b]lvG5 .

tflnsf g++ #% M g]kfnsf] cfn' pTkfbgsf] ljj/0f


sfpnL 21,918 cas/] 269

aGbf 24,312 v';fgL{ 20,871

a|f]sfpnL 930 ef06f 14,883

6df6/ 22,691 Kofh 21,323

d'nf 21,013 sfqmf] 21,159

;fu 12,551 km;L{ 14,812

ufFh/ 671 ltt]s/]nf 8,532

36


uf06]d'nf 233 a/]nf 318

e]8] v';f{gL 1,256 l3/f}nf 6,447

s]/fpm sf];f 3,487 lrlr08f] 5,039

u]8fu'8L 30578 nf}sf 13,510

?v 6df6/ 20 s'lk08f] 646

t/a'hf 5,711 wlgofsf] kft 5,969

d]yLsf] kft 6,006


ef/tdf klg t/sf/Lsf] cfoft a9\bf] b]lvG5 . ef/tsf] jfl0fHo ljefuaf6 k|sflzt tYofFs cg';f/ ;du|

t/sf/Lsf] cfoft ? ! ca{ #^ s/f]8 k'u]]sf] 5 h'g cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf sl/j #^ k|ltzn] a9L xf] .

ef/tLo hgtfsf] a9\bf] qmozlQm / ef/tdf t/sf/L cfoftsf] a9\bf] cfFs8fn] ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf] t/sf/L ef/t

lgof{t ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 .

tflnsf g++ #^ M ef/tsf] t/sf/Lsf] cfoft

ef/tsf] t/sf/Lsf] cfoft d"No ? s/f]8df

t/sf/Lsf] gfd ;g\ @)!^.!& ;g\ @)!&.!* j[l4 k|ltzt

cfn' 1.5

Kofh 0.3 19.0 5,468.0

n;'g 0.1 0.7 769.9

bb' 1.0

sf]x/ajL 6.9 7.4 7.7

cGo t/sf/L 0.1 0.1 17.5

sGbd"n 0.1 0.2 122.3

sf];f t/sf/L 0.6

s''l/nf] 5.9 7.3 23.9

e]8]v';fgL{ 0.0 0.1 50.5

cGo sf];f 4.0 3.1 —@#=%

:jL6 sg{ 0.5 0.7 39.4

cGo t/sf/L 0.0 0.2 781.8

lk|he{8 cf]lne 15.0 16.5 10.2

sfs|f lk|hE9 0.1 0.5 281.2

Rofpm 0.2 0.7 253.5

cGo Rofpm 3.2 2.7 —!$=#

ldl>q t/sf/L 6.7 12.0 77.5

;'Vvf Kofh 3.2 4.0 26.6

;'VVf Rofpm 2.8 0.5 —*@=*

37

t/sf/Lsf] gfd ;g\ @)!^.!& ;g\ @)!&.!* j[l4 k|ltzt

6«kmn 1.9 1.0 —$*=(

cGo 49.4 57.0 15.3

s'n 100.6 136.8 36.0

>f]tM jfl0fHo ljefu, ef/t ;/sf/

h}t'gsf] t]n

t:jL/ g+= &

>f]tM lb lxdfnog 6fOD;

k[i7e"ldM

cf]lne t]n ljZjsf] vfB t]n kl/sf/sf] k|d'v j:t'sf ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . o; afnLnfO{ c+u]|hLdf cf]lne (Olive) / ;+:s[t, lxGbL, g]kfnL, c/las efiffdf h}t'g (Jaitun) elgG5 . o'/f]kdf v]tL ul/g] h}t'gsf] a}1flgs gfd cf]lnof

o'/f]kf (Olea europaea var. Sativa L.) xf] / g]kfnsf] pQ/–klZrdL lhNnfx?df kfOg] :yfgLo hftsf]

h+unL h}t'gnfO{ (Olea cuspidata) elgG5 . e"dWo ;fu/Lo If]q h}t'g v]tLsf] nflu pa{/ e"ld ePsf]n]

k/fk"j{sfn b]lv o;sf] v]tL ul/b}+ cfPsf] 5 / cfh klg ljZjdf h}t'gsf] s"n v]tL dWo] (% k|ltzt v]tL ToxL

If]qdf ul/G5 .

h}t'gsf] t]n vfg / 3:gsf] nflu ;a} t]n dWo] pQd dflgG5 . of] t]ndf lrNnf] Pj+ n]l;nf]kg sd x'g] ePsf]n]

/f]uL, afns, a[4 / df]6f dflg; ;d]tn] ;xh} ;]jg ug{ ;S5g\ .

38

g]kfndf h}t'g -cf]lne_ sf] cj:yf

/}yfg] hftsf] hËnL h}t'g k/fk"j{ sfnb]lv k|fs[lts ?kdf kxf8sf] !))) ld6/ b]lv @#)) ld6/sf] prfO{df x's{b}–

km}lnb} cfPsf] b]lvG5 . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df h}t'gnfO{ d'Vo ?kdf cIff+zsf] lx;fan] gk'Ug] lr;f] kxf8sf] prfOn] k"/f

ug]{, jflif{s jiff{ klg sd -!))) ld= ld= eGbf tn_ x'g], sl/a tLg dlxgf lr;f] x'g] / afFsL gf} dlxgf Gofgf] x'g]

ePsf] sf/0fn] pQ/–klZrd If]q h}t'g v]tLsf] nflu pko'Qm b]lvPsf] 5 . o; If]qdf ljz]if u/]/ aemfª, afh'/f,

d'u', x'Dnf, sflnsf]6, 8f]Nkf, ?s'd, hfh/sf]6, d':tfËsf] h+unL h}t'g kfOg] ;"Id ks]6 If]q df pGgt hftsf h}t'g

/fd|f] x'g ;Sg] b]lvPsf] 5 . ;g\ !(&* b]lv g]kfnsf ljleGg 7fpFdf ljleGg ;dodf s]xL h}t'gsf lj?jf nufpg]

sfd ePklg j}1flgs 9Ën] Jojl:yt ?kdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cg'/f]w / kxndf O6nL ;/sf/sf] cfly{s ;xof]u Pj+

sf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf afh'/fsf] sf]N6L / 8f]Nkfsf] h'kmfndf @* hftsf o'/f]lkog h}t'g lj?jf ;g\ @))^ df nufO{

cWoog k/LIf0f au}+rf :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . tL k|of]ux? ;Gtf]ifhgs kfOP kl5 g]kfn ;/sf/n] h}t'g ljsf;sf

nflu cf=j= @)&@.)&# b]lv @)*!.)*@ ;Ddsf] !) jif]{ sfo{ljlw agfO{ sfo{qmd ;'? u/]sf] 5 . afh'/f lhNnfnfO{

h}t'g hf]g 3f]if0ff u/L To; If]qdf h}t'g ljsf;sf lglDt sfo{ yfngL u/]sf] 5 / afh'/fs} sf]N6L If]qdf kmnkm"n

ljsf; lgb]{zgfno cGt/ut h}t'g ljsf; s]Gb| :yfkgf x'g] ePsf] 5 . ->f]tM kmnkm'n ljsf; lgb]{zgfno, sLlt{k'/_

.

cf]lne t]nsf] ljZj pTkfbgsf] cj:yfM

ljZjsf cf]lne t]nsf] pTkfbgdf o'/f]k]nL / dWok"j{ PlzofnL tyf pQ/L clk|msL b]zx?sf] jr{:j /x]sf] 5 . oL

b]zx?n] dfq ljZjsf] cf]lne t]n pTkfbgsf] sl/j *$ k|ltzt lx:;f cf]u6]sf] kfOG5 .

tflnsf g+= #&M cf]lne t]nsf] k|d'v pTkfbgstf{x?

cf]lne t]nsf] k|d'v pTkfbgstf{x? -@)!^/!&_

b]z pTkfbg 6gdf

:k]g 1,290,600

u|L; 195,000

O6fnL 182,300

6sL{ 178,000

df]/f]Ssf] 110,000

l;l/of 110,000

6\o'lglzof 100,000

cGo 420,600

ljZjsf] s'n 2,586,500

>f]tM ljlslkl8of

tflnsf g+= #* cf]lne t]nsf] ljZj Jofkf/sf] l:yltM

cf]lne t]nsf] ljZj cfoft

cfoftstf{ d"No xhf/ o'P; 8n/df

ljZj 8467263

O6fnL 1861261

o'P;P 1524544

:k]g 598511

39

cfoftstf{ d"No xhf/ o'P; 8n/df

k|mfG; 568779

a|fhLn 435247

kf]r'{un 393401

hd{gL 337949

hfkfg 318714

o's] 284348

Sofg8f 229300

rLg 167811

cGo 1747398

>f]tM cfOl6;L

tflnsf g+= #(M cf]lne t]nsf] ljZj lgof{t

lgof{tstf{ d"No o'P; *n/df

ljZjsf] s'n 8157458

:k]g 3581115

O6fnL 1642147

6\olglzof 751563

kf'r]{ufn 682041

u|L; 677101

6sL{ 239600

ch]lg6gf 77331

l;l/of 76620

lrnL 71289

;"'b"/ klZrd k|b]zdf cf]lne t]n pTkfbgsf] ;Defjgf

kmnk'mn ljsf; lgb]{zgfnosf cg';f/ afh'/fdf xfn @) xhf/ x]S6/ If]qkmndf cf]lnesf af]6x? km}lnPsf 5g\ .

afh'/f lhNnfsf] cf]lne t]nsf] ;Defjgf / ahf/nfO{ b]xfosf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

• Affh'/fM @)))) x]S6/ ->f]t, kmnkm'n ljsf; lgb]{zgfno_

• pTkfbsTjM ljZjsf] cf};t !=* d]6

• afh'/fdf tTsfn ug{ ;lsg] cg'dflgt pTkfbg M #^))) d]6

• t]nsf] pTkfbg -bfgfsf] tf}nsf] #) k|ltzt_M M !@))) d]6

• g]kfnsf] h}t'gsf] t]nsf] cfoftsf] cf};t d"NoM ? $#(=#* • afh'/fsf] h}t'gsf] t]nsf] s'n d"NoM ? %=@& ca{ cg'dflgt

• :jb]zsf] cfoft k|lt:yfkgM ? )=)% ca{

• lgof{t ug{ ;lsg] d"NoM ? %=@@ ca{ ahf/

ef/tdf xfn pknJw ahf/M ? $=$ ca{

rLgdf xfn pknJw ahf/M ? !*=% ca{

40

cf]lne t]n If]qdf g]kfndf ljBdfg ;d:ofM

;/sf/sf] k|fyldstf, ljZjsf] cfsif{s ahf/df / :jb]zdf klg cf]lne t]nsf] pkef]u ug{{{ k|j[lQdf cfPsf] j[l4sf

afah'b klg cf]lne t]nsf] ljsf; cem} klg z}zjf:yfdf g} /x]sf] 5 . ljz]if u/L h}t'gsf] v]tL lj:tf/, t]n

lgsfNg], To;sf] ahf/Ls/0f ug]{ / u'0f:t/ sfod ug]{ ljifodf ;dfg'kflts ?kdf cl3 a9\g g;Sbf o; If]qsf]

ck]lIft ljsf; x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g .

nlIft ahf/M

cf]lne t]nsf] nflu rLg, o'/f]lkog o'lgog, ef/t tyf ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf k|d'v ahf/df ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ . oL

ahf/df x?df cf]lne t]n lgof{t ug{ ;DjlGwt d'n'sn] nfu' u/]sf u'ff:t/sf k|fjwfgx? ljz]if u/L

;fO6f]P08kmfO6f] ;]lg6/Lsf] k|df0fkq, n]alnª -:6f]/]hsf] cj:yf, ;Defljt xfgLsf/s tTjsf] hfgsf/L_, cfoft

cg'dlt / cfoft ul/g] pTkfbg btf{, ;'Id hLjf0f' ;Ldf / Pdcf/Pn ;DjGwL k|fjwfgsf] kfngf, /]S;df btf{ eO{

;f] cg';f/ lgof{t ul/g'kg]{ cfjZos b]lvG5 .

cf]lne t]nsf] ljsf;sf nflu rflng' kg]{ sbdx?M

-s_ cfly{s k|fljlws ;xof]uM

cf]lne t]nsf] ljsf; u/L o;nfO{ lgof{t k|j4{g, cfoft k|lt:yfkg, :yfgLo /f]huf/L l;h{gf, ul/aL lgjf/0f tyf

;dfg'kflts ljsf; k|j4{gsf nflu cf]lne t]nsf] ljsf; ul/g' clt cfjZos 5 . o;sf nflu h}t'g v]tLsf]

ljsf; / lj:tf/sf nflu ljz]if u/L ;/sf/n] 5gf}6 u/]sf] afh'/f lhNnfdf :yfgLo s[ifsx?nfO{ cfjZos lj?jf

nufot cfly{s / k|fljlws ;xof]u ul/g' clt h?/L 5 .

-v_ vl/bsf] k|Tofe"ltM

o;sf ;fy} h}t'g pTkfbs s[ifsx?sf] pTkfbgsf] vl/b ug{{{ ;/sf/n] vl/bsf] k|Tofe"ltsf] Joj:yf ug'{ klg TolQs}

cfjZos 5 .

-u_ cfw'lgs sf/vfgf :yfkgfdf ;/sf/sf] ;xof]uM

cf]lne t]nsf] k|zf]wg / k|lji6gsf nflu cfw'gs cf]lne ldn :yfkgfdf lghL If]q / ;/sf/LIf]qn] ;+o'Qm

kxnsbdL lng' cfjZos 5 .

-3_ u'0f:t/ k|df0fLs/0fsf] k|of]uzfnf :yfkgfM

cf]lne t]nsf] u'0f:t/ k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu cfjZoskg{{] k|of]uzfnf / dfGotf k|fKt k|df0fkqsf] Joj:yf ug'{ cem

a9L 68\sf/f] cfjZostfsf ?kdf b]vf k/]sf] 5 .

-ª_ ljb]zL nufgLM

cf]lne t]nsf] ;Gbe{df d'n'sleq cg'ejsf] sdL Psflt/ /x]sf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ o;sf] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg /

ahf/Ls/0fdf xfdL w]/} g} kl5 5f}+ . o; sdhf]/ kIfnfO{ ;Djf]wg ug{ cf]lne t]nsf] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg /

ahf/Ls/0fdf l;4x:t dflgPsf / sxlnPsf b]zx? :k]g, O6fnL, kf]r'{un, u|L;, hd{gL nufotsf b]zx?sf lghL

If]q;Fu ;xsfo{x? x'g klg TolQs} h?/L 5 . ljz]if u/L o; If]qdf j}b]lzs nufgLsf dfWodaf6 k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f

/ ahf/ lj:tf/ ug{{] /0fgLlt cFuLsf/ ug'{ plrt b]lvG5 . ljz]if u/L l6:6'ª If]qdf hd{gLsf] ;FnUgtf / afh'/fdf

41

O6fnLsf] ;+nUgtfaf6 cf]lne t]ndf oL b'O{ b]zsf] O{R5f s'g} g s'g} ?kdf k|s6 ePsf] 5 . ptf ef/t / rLg klg

cf]lne t]nsf] cfoftstf{sf ?kdf pbfO{/x]sf] kl/k|]Iodf hd{gL, O6fnL, ef/t / rLgsf] ;xsfo{df g]kfnL s[ifs,

pBdL / Joj;fox?sf] ;+o'Qm kxnsbdLdf g]kfnnfO{ cf]lne t]nsf] blIf0f tyf k"jL{ Plzofsf] s]Gb| agfpg] u/L

/0fgLltx? th'{df ug'{ cfjZos b]lvG5 .

-r_ yk lhNnfsf v]tL lj:tf/M

xfn afh'/df dfq ;Lldt /x]sf] cf]lne t]nsf] ;+efjgfx? aemfª, c5fddf klg plQs} /x]sf] cj:yfnfO{ ;d]t

b[li6ut ubf{ ;'b"/klZrdsf kxf8sf lhNnfx?n] l;+uf] blIf0f / k"jL{ Plzofdf pknJw cf]lne t]nsf] dfunfO{ ;xh}

wfGg ;Sg] Ifdtf /fVb5g\ .

-5_ ahf/ k|j4{gM

cGt/f{li6«o d]nf k|bz{gLdf Jofkf/ tyf lgsf;L k|j4{g s]Gb|sf] kxndf lg/Gt/ ;xeflutf, la6'aL ;Ddn]gsf]

cfof]hgf ul/g' klg cfjZos b]lvG5 .

-h_ cfGtl/s ahf/ k|j4{gM

d'n's leq klg cf]lne t]nsf] dxTjsf af/]df kof{Kt hfgsf/L x'g g;ls/x]sf] kl/k|]Iodf cf]lne t]nsf] t]nsf]

af/]df ;Ful7t k|rf/k|;f/ ul/g ;+:yfut Joj:yf x'g klg h?/L 5 .

h8La'6L t:jL/ g+=*

>f]tM g]kfn :jf:Yo cg';Gwfg kl/ifb

;'b"/klZrd k|b]z hl8a'6Lsf] e08f/ g} xf] . ;DjlGwt lhNnf ag sfof{nox?n] u/]sf] cWoog cg';f/ ;'b"/klZrd

k|b]zdf sl/j ^ xhf/ @ ;o &! d]=6= h8La'6L ;+sng ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf ljBdfg /x]sf] b]lvG5 . hals ut

cfly{s jif{df g]kfns} s'n h8La'6L lgof{t % xhf/ % ;o @^ d]=6= dfq /x]sf] lyof] . g]kfnsf] ut cfly{s jif{df

lgof{t ePsf] h8La'6Lx?sf] cf};t d"NonfO{ cfwf/ dfGg] xf] eg] klg ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf jflif{s ?kdf ? ! ca{ @$

s/f]8sf] h8La'6L lgsf;L ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 . pknJ h8La'6Lx?sf] bLuf] kIfnfO{ ;d]t b[li6ut ;+sngsf

42

;fy ;fy} /f]k0f sfo{nfO{ klg ;f]xL cg'?k clgjfo{ ul/g' cfjZos b]lvG5 . oL Joj:yfx?af6 Psflt/ o; k|b]zaf6

ljb]zdf h8La'6L lgof{taf6 k|z:t nfe lng ;lsg] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ k|b]z:t/df cfo'j]lb{t cf}ifwL

pTkfbgsf nflu rflxg] sRrfkbfy{ / cGo k|b]zsf cfo'j]{lbs cf}ifwL pTkfbg pBf]unfO{ rflxg] h8La'6L cfk"lt{

;d]t ug{ ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

tflnsf g+++ $) M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pTkfbg x'g] k|d'v hl8a'6Lx?

qm=;++ lhNnf k|d'[v hl8a'6Lx?

! s}nfnL s'l/nf], d]Gyf, cdnf, ;k{uGwf

@ s~rgk'/ t]hkft, cdnf, af]emf], s'l/nf], l;sfsfO{, lkknf, ;tfj/L, x/f]{, a/f]{, Eofs'/

# c5fd cdnf, em\ofp, sfpnf] / kfjg, l/7f, t]hkft / bfnlrgL, nf]Qmf, cNnf], af]emf], r'qf],

nf}7;Nnf, ltt]kftL, l6d'/, lr/fO{tf], s'l/nf], kfvgj]b, ;'uGwjfn, l;:g', lhjGtL÷;'gufef

$ 8f]6L cdnf, l/7f, l6d'/, cf]v/, x/f]{, a/f]{, a]n, t]hkft, nf}7;Nnf, c;'/f], l;:g', ltt]kftL, cNnf],

nf]Stf, ef]nf{sf] af]qmf, sfpnf], bfnlrgL, bf/ lu7L af]qmf, r'qf], lr/fO{tf], ;'uGwjfn, kfvgj]b,

af]emf], ljifh/f, ;t'jf, s'l/nf] u'RrL Rofpm, lhjGtL -k|ltjlGwt_ em\ofp -k|ltjlGwt_

% 88]Nw'/f em\ofp, ;'uGwjfn, af]hf], t]hkft, vf]6f], l/7f, l6d'/, kfiff0fj]b

^ a}t8L t]hkft, cdnf, l/7f, kfif0fe]b, ;'gufef, ;'gfv/L, sfpnf]sf] af]qmf, af]emf], Rofp, r'qf],

em\ofp, lr/fOtf], ;f]dntf, sfs8l;+u], s'l/nf], ;'uGwjfn, uhf]{nx/f}, a]nbfgf, nf]Qmf

& bfr'{nf t]hkft, l/7f, sfpnf] af]qmf, kfif0fj]b, cdnf, bfnlrgL af]qmf, r'qf] jf]qmf, ;'uGwjfn, l6d'/,

of;f{u'Djf, ;fwf/0f Rofp,, u'RrL Rofpm, lr/fO{tf] .

* aemfª of;f{u'Daf, s'8\sL, sfpnf], lr/fOtf], ;t'jf, ljif h/f, t]hkft, bfnlrgL, ;'uGwjfn,

kfFrcfpFn], kfif0fa]b, ag n;'g, ;]tslrnL, sfnf] d':nL, ;]tf] d':nL, e]+8fIf]tL

( afh'/f kfFrcfpFn], kfif0fa]b, ltDd'/, s'l/nf], lr/fOtf], lu4Lufgf], ;lt;, t]hkft, r'qf], s'8\sL,

l;sfsfO{, afoh8L, lg/lj;L, kbdrfn, dh]7f], af]emf], nf}7, lsDa', cf]v/, l;nflht, ljifsfa|f],

u'H/f], lkknL, P]h?, ;'uGwjfn, ;'gkftL, sfnfbfgf, sfFs8l;uL, ah{blGt, u'RrL Rofp, em\ofp,

ef]hdq, ljifh/f, d'Zn], tGh8L, of;f{u'Daf

tflnsf g++= $! M @)&$ ;fndf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ;+sng ug{ ;lsg] h8La'6L

@)&$ ;fndf ;'b"/kllZrd k|b]zdf ;+sng ug{ ;lsg] h8La'6L

lhNnf h8La'6L kl/df0f s]hLdf

aemfª 1755315

s}nfnL 580500

8f]6L 865500

s~rgk'/ 70000

a}t8L 347770

88]Nw'[/f 584000

afh'/f 606198

c5fd 687300

bfr'{nf 774054

s'n 6270637 >f]tM ;DjlGwt lhNnf jg sfof{nosf k|sfzgx?

43

;g\ @)!* df ! ca{ $$ s/f]8 o'P; 8n/ a/fa/sf] h8La'6L cfoft ePsf] lyof] . h8La'6Lsf] of] ahf/nfO{

Psflt/ g]kfnn] pkof]u ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf ljBdfg 5 eg] csf{{lt/ d"Noof]u ;lxt g]kfnL h8La'6Lx?sf] j:t' /

ahf/ ljljlws/0f ug{ ;Sg] ;Defjgf klg b]lvG5 . ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pknJw h8La'6LnfO{ bLuf] Joj:yfkgsf]

ljlwsf af6 ;+sng u/L eljio;Dd o; If]qnfO{ g]kfns} cfo cfh{gsf] If]qsf ?kdf ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf

b]lvG5 .

tflnsf g+= $@ M g]kfnsf] h8La'6L lgof{tsf] b]zut cj:yf

g]kfnsf] h8La'6L lgof{tsf] b]zut cj:yf - cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&%_

b]z kl/df0f s]hL d"No ? df

ef/t 3,181,455 728,473,916

leotgfd 1,865,315 119,662,436

xªsª, rLg 30,597 105,996,142

k|mfG; 27,145 53,442,605

rLg 129,421 34,285,628

cGo 292,006 91,852,236

s'n 5,525,940 1,133,712,963


h8La'6L cfoftsf] ljZj cj:yf

tflnsf g+= $# M ljZjsf] h8La'6L cfoftsf] cj:yf

ljZjdf h8La'6L cfoft - ;g\ @)!*_

cfoftstf{ d"No xhf/ o'P; 8n/df kl/df0f 6gdf

ljZj 1443555 428009

o'P;P 161903 81623

hd{gL 129275 28078

xªsª, rLg 111254 35802

o's] 100210 23935

hfkfg 85895 11554

tfOjfg, rLg 48532 12270

:jL6\h]/n]08 46972 5847

b=sf]l/of 40602 10150

l;+ufk'/ 38304 5291

leotgfd 37985 10787

cGo 642623 202672

>f]tM cfOl6;L

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pTkflbt h8La'6LnfO{ k|b]z:t/df cfo'j]lb{s cf}ifwL pTkfbg, k|zf]lwt h8La'6Lsf] lgof{t /

ef/tsf cltl/Qm cGo d'n'sx?df klg h8La'6L lgof{t ug{ /0fgLlt lng cfjZos b]lvG5 .

44

6k]{G6fOg t]n, /f]lhg P08 /]lhg t]n

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zaf6 lgof{t eO{/x]sf] k|d'v j:t'df /f]lhg / /]lhg t]n klg kb{5 . ;'b"/klZrd l:yt

eG;f/sfof{nox?af6 cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&% df s/Lj ? ^) s/f]8 a/fa/sf] 6k]{G6fOg t]n, /f]lhg / /]lhg Pl;8

lgof{t ePsf] b]lvG5 . ljZjdf 6k]{G6fOg t]n, /f]lhg P08 /]lhg t]nsf] ;g\ @)!* sf] cfoft !=&* ca{ cd]l/sL

8n/ /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g+= $$ M @)&$ ;fndf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ;+slng ;lsg] vf]6f]

@)&$ ;fndf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ;+sng ug{ ;lsg] vf]6f]

lhNnf kl/df0f s]hLdf

aemfª 299872

s}nfnL 4565000

8f]6L 744000

s~rgk'/

a}t8L 3856000

88]Nw'[/f 3500000

afh'/f 4125000

c5fd 2900000

bfr'{nf 166322

s'n 20156194

6k]{G6fOg t]n tyf /f]lhg / /]flhg Pl;8 lgof{t

tflnsf g+= $% M 6k]{G6fOg t]n tyf /f]llhg / /]llhg Pl;8 lgof{t

cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&% df 6k]{G6fOg t]n tyf /f]llhg / /]llhg Pl;8 lgof{tsf] ljj/0f

P:P;sf]8 ljj/0f OsfO{ kl/df0f d"No ? df

38051000 6k]G6fOg t]n s]hL 2,893,057 331,414,015

rLg 60 3,200

kfls:tfg 43,200 5,573,016

ef/t 2,808,517 321,037,799

gflldljof 20,640 2,496,000

lgsf/u'cf 20,640 2,304,000

38059000 sRrf 6k]G6fog t]n s]hL 47,300 5,139,456

ef/t 47,300 5,139,456

38061000 /f]llh / /]lhg Pl;8 s]hL 14,027,520 1,597,504,745

rLg 72,000 9,679,190

ef/t 13,897,320 1,581,027,795

lgsf/u'cf 38,800 4,531,840

45

cfO;Nof08 19,400 2,265,920

k/Gt' vf]6f] ;+sngdf bLuf] kIfnfO{ Wofg glb+bf o; pBf]udf ;d:ofx? b]vf k/]sf 5g\ . To;}n] j[Iff/f]k0f / vf]6f]

;+sngnfO{ ;Fu;Fu} nu]/ o; pBf]usf] ljsf; ug'{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . o;n] ef/t nufot cGo nlIft ahf/df

vf]6f]sf pTkfbgx? lgof{t ug{ ;lsg] / :jb]zL /Fu pBf]usf nflu cfjZos kg]{ sRrfkbfy{ kl/k"lt{ ug{ ;lsg]

b]lvG5 .

tflnsf g+=$^ M6k{]G6fOg t]nsf] ljZj cfoft

6k{]G6fOg t]nsf] ljZj cfoft

cfoftstf{ d"No xhf/ o'P; 8n/df k|lt d]=6= d"No o'P; 8n/df

ljZj 344667

ef/t 170547 3086

d]lS;sf 27714 3137

rLg 21488 3777

o'P;p 16302

hfkfg 12701 3351

cGo 95915

ljZjsf] /f][lhg / /]lhg Pl;8 cfoft

cfoftstf{ d"No xhf/ o'P; 8n/df k|lt OsfO{ d]=6= d"No

ljZj 1446825 1818

hd{gL 154185 1838

rLg 117169 1428

hfkfg 114706 2083

g]b/n]8\; 94845 1710

ef/t 91116 1562

cGo 874804

>f]tM cfOl6;L

46

kmnkm'nM

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf ;a} k|sf/sf kmnkm'nx? pTkfbg x'g] ef}uf]ns jftfj/0f pknJw 5 . ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf

zLtsfnLg kmnkm'nsf] ;Defljt If]qdf pTkfbg ug]{ xf] eg] yk !! xhf/ d]=6= kmnkm'n pTkfbg ug{ ;lsg] b]lvG5

. o;} u/L ;a} ;Defljt If]qkmndf u[idsfnLg kmnkm'n ug]{ xf] yk !$ xhf/ d]=6= kmnkm'n o; k|b]zdf pTkfbg

ug{ ;lsG5 . o;/L s'n @% xhf/ d]=6= a9L kmnkm'n pTkfbg ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf o; k|b]zdf /x]sf] 5 . o;/L

pTkfbg x'g] kmnkm'n ljb]zdf lgof{t ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 .

tflnsf g+= $& M zLtsfnLg kmnkm'n pTkfbgsf] l:ylt

zLtsfnLg kmnkm'nx?

lhNnf pTkfbg x'g ;Sg]

If]qkmn

pTkflbt

If]qkmn

pTkfbg k|lt x]S6/

pTkfbg

d]=6=df

;+efljt s'n pTkfbg

d]=6=

afh'/f 435 144 751 5 2,270

aemfª 767 373 2,083 6 4,279

bfr'{nf 380 169 1,134 7 2,550

c5fd 366 146 958 7 2,395

8f]6L 410 254 1,136 4 1,834

a}t8L 858 395 2,392 6 5,195

88]Nw'/f 466 390 3,036 8 3,632

s}nfnL 102 67 575 9 875

;'b?klZrd

k|b]z

3,782 1,959 12,176 6 23,504

g]kfn 27,918 13,937 93592 7 187,481

tflnsf g+= $* M u|LidsfnLg kmnkm'n pTkfbgsf] l:ylt

u[idsfnLg kmnkm'nx?

lhNnf pTkfbg x'g ;Sg]

If]qkmn

pTkflbtIf]qkn pTkfbg k|ltx x]S6/ pTkfbg

d]=6=df

x'g ;Sg]s'n

pTkfbg d]=6=

afh'/f 55 13 98 7.5 415

aemfª 29 17 89 5.2 152

bfr'{nf 228 97 881 9.1 2,071

c5fd 226 54 370 6.9 1,563

8f]6L 506 123 1,017 8.3 4,191

a}t8L 229 55 524 9.6 2,200

88]Nw'/f 378 159 1,019 6.4 2,423

s}nfnL 2,136 2,014 21,055 10.5 22,336

47

s~rgk'/ 578 529 7,432 14.0 8,120

;'b?klZrd

k|b]z

4,365 3,059 32,484 10.6 46,349

g]kfn 88,414 69,806 640942 9.8 867,531


o;/L k'/} ;DEffJo If]qkmndf kmnkm'n v]tL lj:tf/ ug]{ xf] eg] ;'b"/klZrddf ^( xhf/ * ;o %#

d]=6= kmnkm'n pTkfbg ug{ ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

b'UwhGo kbfy{

;'b'/ klZrd k|b]z b'Uw kbfy{ ljz]if u/L e};Lsf] b'wsf] nflu k|Voft 5 . :yfgLo b'Uw pBdLaf6 kfOPsf] hfgsf/L

cg';f/ o; k|b]zdf k|b]zdf ebf}+ b]lv r}q ;Dd e}+;Lsf] b'w clws pTkfbg x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o; df};ddf pTkfbg x'g]

cltl/Qm b"w 9'jfgLsf] /fd|f] Joj:yf u/L cGo k|b]zdf cfk"lt{ ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf 5 eg] b"w sd pTkfbg x'g] df};d

a};fv b]lv >fj0f dlxgf ;Ddsf nflu w'nf] b"wsf] sf/vfgf :yfkgf u/L cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsG5 .

tflnsf g+= $( M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf b'UwhGo kbfy{ pTkfbgsf] l:ylt

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf b'UwhGo j:t'sf] pTkfbgsf] cj:yff

lhNnf b'wfn' ufO{+ ;+Vof b'wfn" e}+;L ;+Vof ufO{{sf] b'w

d]=6=

e};Lsf] b'w

d]=6=

s'n b'w d]=6=

afh'/f 10,480 8,500 5,440 5,542 10,982

aemfª 20,983 8,560 5,668 4,180 9,848

bfr'{nf 9,594 7,500 4,592 7,736 12,328

c5fd 6,963 10,332 3,350 10,461 13,811

8f]6L 16,873 14,673 7,686 10,308 17,994

a}t8L 17,265 14,794 5,687 10,006 15,693

88]Nw'/f 12,692 14,000 7,145 5,858 13,003

s}nfnL 30,532 44,653 28,205 36,807 65,012

s~rgk'/ 22,673 25,453 24,289 25,894 50,183

;'b?klZrd k|b]z 148,055 148,465 92,062 116,792 208,854

g]kfn 1,029,529 1,509,512 665,285 1,245,954 1,911,239


48

tflnsf g++ %) M g]kfnsf] b'Uwkbfy{sf] cfoft

g]kfnsf] b'Uwkbfy{ cfoft cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&%

b]z kll/df0f s]hLdf d"No ? df

ef/t 5,507,355 1,872,005,325

a]lNhod 697,370 147,514,900

Go'hLn]08 351,850 98,396,828

k|mfG; 395,858 82,889,181

a]nf?; 100,000 30,567,595

8]gdfs{ 33,515 28,284,397

g]b/n]08\; 77,846 26,212,631

ci6]lnof 66,343 22,550,421

kf]n]08 61,499 18,553,094

:jL8]g 74,800 16,746,570

O6fnL 8,111 16,145,674

6sL{ 147,500 14,759,620

l;+ufk'/ 40,459 12,587,346

o's] 32,414 10,892,285

dn]lzof 95,004 10,649,756

cGo 192,512 39,348,852

s'n 7,882,436 2,448,104,475


tflnsf g+++ %!M g]kfnsf] b'Uwkbfy{sf] lgof{t

g]kfnsf] b'Uwkbfy{ lgof{t cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&%

b]z kl/df0f s]hLdf d"No ? df

ef/t 289,939 121,478,995 o'P;P 82,998 113,067,156 rLg 62,204 32,434,475 hfkfg 11,258 14,833,396 xªsª, rLg 1,608 3,145,127 Sofg8f 12 33,485 b=sf]ll/of 6 20,900 l;+ufk'/ 22 10,115 r]su0ftGq 20 6,527 s'n 448,067 285,030,176

49

hnljB't

hnljBt' pTkfbgdf klg ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z ;Defjgf af]s]sf] k|b]z xf] . ;g\ @)!& ;Dd o;k|b]zdf s/Lj # xhf/

& ;o d]ufjf6 ljh'nL pTkfbgsf] kfOknfOg 5g\ . of] kl/df0fsf] ljh'nL pTkfbg u/L k|b]zsf tfk k|0ffnL, kfs

k|0ffnL / oftfoft k|0ffnLnfO{ ljB'tdf cfwfl/t k|0ffnLdf ?kfGt/0f ug]{ xf] eg] o;af6 jflif{s sl/j ? ^=^ ca{

a/fa/sf] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] cfoftk|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsG5 . ;'b/klZrdsf] s'n ;DefJo hnljB't cfof]hgfx?af6

ljB't pTkfbg ug{ ;s]sf] cj:yfdf ;f] ljh'nL ef/tdf lgof{t ug{ ;lsg] clws ;Defjgf 5 .

tflnsf g+= %@ M ;'b/klZrd k|b]zdf hnljB't pTkfbg x'g] kfOknfOgsf cfof]hgfx?

;'b/klZrd k|b]zdf hnljB't pTkfbg x'g] kfOknfOgsf cfof]hgfx?

ljj/0f Ifdtf d]ufaf6df

;/sf/sf] af:s]6df /x]sf of]hgfx? 80

;/sf/n] cWoog ul//x]sf] of]hgf 202

;~rfngdf /x]sf] of]hgf 39

;f}o{phf{sf] ;j]{ nfO;]G; 2

pTkfbg nfO;]G; lnPsf] s'n 92

;j]{ nfO;]G; k|fKt cfof]hgfx? 3,171

pTkfbg nfO;]G; hf/L ePsf] cfof]hgf 89

s'n 3,674

>f]tM ljBt' ljsf; ljefu

tflnsf g++= %#M ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zl:yt eG;f/ sfof{nox? dfkm{t cfj @)&$.&% df k|d'v k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf]

cfoft

ljj/0f d"No ? ca{df

d6Lt]n 0.04

k]6«f]n 1.04

l8h]n 4.99

Uof; 0.57

s'n 6.61

50

ef}uf]lns ;+s]tsf cfwf/df lgof{t ug{ ;lsg] j:t'

-s_ laho;fnsf pTkfbgx? M

ljho;fn ljb]z u/L s~rgk'/ lhNnfd kfOg] ;fn k|hfltsf] ?v xf] . o; k|hfltsf] ?lvsf] sf7af6 ljlelGg

vfnsf] cDvf]/fx? agfpg] ul/G5 . o; cDvf]/fdf kfgL /fv]/ vfFbf z/L/nfO{ kmfObf x'g] ljZjf;sf ;fy o;sf]

nf]slk|otf :jb]z tyf ljb]zdf klg /x]sf] 5 . o; pTkfbgnfO{ klg ef}uf]lns ;+s]tsf cfwf/df a|fl08ª u/L :jb]z

tyf ljb]zsf] ahf/df :yflkt ug{ ;Sg] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 .

-v_ /fp6]sf sf7sf pTkfbgx?M

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf lglZrt jgx?df /fp6]x?n] sf7sf ljleGg pTkfbgx? pTkfbg ug]{ ub{5g\ . tL pTkfbgx?nfO{

klg ef}uf]lns ;+s]t k|bfg u/L ;f]xL a|f08df :jb]z tyf ljb]zdf tL sfi7hGo pTkfbgx?sf] ahf/ k|j4{g ug'{

cfjZos 5 .

-u_ c5fdL gf}d'8\s] ufO{sf] b'Uw kl/sf/M

ljZjs} b'n{e c5fd lhNnfdf kfOg] gf} d'8\s] ufO{nfO{ klg ef}uf]llns ;+s]t k|bfg u/L tL ufO{af6 x'g] k|fKt x'g]

b'Uwkbfy{nfO{ ;f]xL cg'?k :jb]z / ljb]zdf a|fl08ª u/L lgof{t tyf cGo k|b]zdf cfk"lt{ ug{ ;lsg] b]lvG5

-3_ hf]/fonsf] af;dtL

8f]6L lhNnfsf] ;b'd'sfd l;nu9Lb]lv !@) ls=dL= blIf0f k"j{ If]qdf cjl:yt hf]/fon pkTosfdf hf]/fonL jf:dtL

wfg nufpg] ul/G5 . of] wfgnfO{ Jofkf/Lx?n] s[ifssf] v]tLaf/Laf6 ;f]em} v/Lb u/L s}nfnLsf] wgu9L cQ/Lofdf

;d]t ldndf k|zf]wg u/L ljqmL ljt/0f ug]{ u/]sf] kfO{G5 .o; rfdnsf] :jfb, jf;gf / ld7f; ;fx|} dgdf]xs /x]sf]

kfO{G5 . o;sf] If]q lj:tf/ u/L pTkflbt af;dlt wfgnfO{ d'n'ssf] dVo Jofkfl/s If]qx?sf] 7"nf 7"nf

l8kf6{d]06n :6f]/x?df ljqmL ljt/0fsf] nflu o;sf] Jofkfs ?kdf k|rf/ k|;f/ ug'{kg]{ tyf ljb]zL ahf/df ;d]t

o;sf] ahf/ k|j4{g ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . hf]/fon If]qnfO{ jf;dltsf] ks]6 If]qsf ?kdf ljsf; u/L ef}uf]llns ;+s]t

k|bfg u/L ahf/ k|j4{g ug'{ kg]{ b]llvG5 .

-ª_ 9lsofM

yf? ;d'bfon] pTkfbg ug]{ x:tsnfdf ;fdfgx? dWo] 9lsof klg kb{5 . oL j:t'x? s}nfnL / s~rgk'/ lhNnfsf

k'/fgf yf? a:tLx?df k/Dk/fut ?kdf pTkfbg xFb} cfPsf 5g\ . oL j:t'x?nfO{ klg ;DjlGwt ufpmsf sf gfddf

ef}uf]lns ;+s]t k|bfg u/L ljlzi6 klxrfg ;lxtsf] a|fl08ªdf ljb]z lgof{t / cGo k|b]zdf cfk"lt{ ug{ ;Sg]

;Defjgf b]lvG5 .

-r_ dx

;'b"/klZrdsf clwsfFz kxf8L lhNnffx?df k|z:t dfqfdf dx pTkfbg x'g] u/]sf] 5 . ljz]if u/L 8f]6L / c5fdsf]

;ldfjtL{ If]qx? dxsf k|Voft b5g\ . oL If]qdf pTkflbt dxnfO{ klg ef}uf]lns ;+s]t k|bfg u/L u'0f:t/

51

k|df0fLs/0f x'g] u/L :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL ahf/df :yflkt ug{ ;lsg] b]lvG5 . g]kfndf pTkfbg x'g] dx pRr

u'0f:t/sf] eP tfklg plrt k|of]uzfnfsf] cefjdf o;sf] hfFr /fd|f];+u x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . s]xL jif{ cufl8 ;kDd

k|d'v ?kdf lgsf;L e}/x]sf] dxsf] u'0f:t/ kl/If0f x'g g;Sbf o;sf] lgsf;Ldf w]/} ¥xf; cfPsf] 5 . t;y{ dxsf]

lgsf;L a9fpgsf] nflu u'0f:t/ sfod /fVg / df}/L r/0f If]qsf af]6x?df s'g} klg k|sf/sf] /f;folgs kbfy{

5ls{g' gx'g] tkm{ ;r]t /xg' cfjZos 5 .

tflnsf g+++= %$M g]kfnsf] dxsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/

cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&% df g]kfnsf] dxsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/

lgof{t b]z kl/df0f s]hLdf d"No ? df

rLg 8,578 2,707,163

ef/t 10,000 2,963,360

dn]lzof 2,060 469,062

s'n 20,638 6,139,585

cfoft b]z kl/df0f s]hLdf d"No ? df

ef/t 685,016 143,778,197

rLg 1 1,768

a'Nu]l/of 1,000 1,501,530

s'n 686,017 145,281,495

o; k|b]zdf pTkflbt dx Aoj;flos pTkfbgsf nflu cfjZos ;xof]u x'g klg h?/L 5 . ;fy} df}/L kfng ;DjGwL

tflnd tyf df}/L ;lxtsf] 3f/ ljt/0f ug]{ tyf To; ;DjgwL plrt lzIff lbnfpg ;s]sf] v08df o;sf] eljio

/fd|f] b]lvG5 .

dxsf] ljZj cfoft

tflnsf g++= %& M dxsf] ljZj cfoft

;g\ @)!* df dxsf] ljZj cfoft

cffotstf{ cfoft xhf/ o'P;8n/df kl/df0f 6gdf k|lt d]6 d"No o'P; 8n/df

ljZj 2239905 680886 3290

o'P;P 504153 201577 2501

hd{gL 305664 85676 3568

hfkfg 145441 44521 3267

k|mfG; 129503 32171 4025

52

cffotstf{ cfoft xhf/ o'P;8n/df kl/df0f 6gdf k|lt d]6 d"No o'P; 8n/df

o's] 128288 50597 2535

O6fnL 100418 27833 3608

a]lNhod 72901 24861 2932

rLlg 70129 3824 18339

:k]g 68016 27944 2434

g]b/n]08\; 66870 17316 3862

cGo 648522 164566

g]kfndf dx pTkfbgsf] k|z:t ;Defjgf ePtkflg nlIft ahf/n] dx cfoft ubf{ nfu' u/]sf] u'0f:t/sf k|fjwfgx?

k'/f ug{ g;Sbf g]kfnsf] dx ck]lIft ?kdf lgof{t x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . o;} u/L dx pTkfbgnfO{ Jojl:yt u/L

ljZj;gLo ?kdf u|fxs ;dIf k'/\ofpg g;Sbf g]kfnleq klg g]kfnL dxsf] ahf/ ;f]r]] lj:tf/ x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g .

oL b'O{cf]6f kIfdf Wofg lbg ;Sg] u/L u'0f:t/ k|df0fLs/0f, n]jlnª, Kofs]lhª / ef}uf]lns ;+s]tsf cfwf/df

a|fl08ª ug{ ;s]sf] v08df ;'b"/klZrdsf] dx pTkfbgaf6 cfoft k|lt:yfkg / lgof{t k|j4{g ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf

/x]sf] 5 .

53

lgof{t k|j4{g ug{ ;lsg] ;]jfx?

lxn:6]zg ko{6g

t:jL/ g+++ *

k[i7e"ldM

g]kfnsf] l5d]sL d'n's ef/tdf la|l6«z zf;gsfndf lxdfno kj{t >[+vnfsf] k]mbLdf cfgGb ;]jg x]t' k"j{b]lv

klZrd ;Dd !*@ cf]6f lxn:6]zgx?sf] hu xflnPsf] lyof] . tL lxn:6]zgx? dWo] ef/tLo /fHo pQ/fv08 /

lxdf~rn k|b]zdf cjl:y lxn:6]zgdf klg ef/tsf] cfGtl/s ko{6gsf nflu cfsif{s uGtJo aGg k'u]sf 5g\ .

ko{6g k'jf{wf/df ef/t ;/sf/sf] nufgL, k|rf/k|;f/ / cfo:t/ cg';f/sf xf]6]n / ef]hgu[xsf] k|ofKt Joj:yf,

;:tf] / ;j{;'ne ljleGg k|sf/sf oftfoftsf ;fwgx?, ;'/lIft / u'0f:t/Lo dfu{x?, oftfoftsf ;fwgx?sf] lgjf{w

cfjfudgsf] ;'ljwf, la|l6«zx?n] :yfkgf ul/lbPsf] ;fv / df};dL lxdkft, ;dlztf]i0f ;bfjxf/ hnjfo', kj{tLo

xl/ofnLo'Qm ;'Gb/tf, lxdfnox?sf] cjnf]sg / dof{lbt xf]6n Joj;fosf sf/0f lx6:6]zgx?df ef/tsf d}bfgL

efusf ko{6sx?sf] 3'OFrf] nfUg] u/]sf] 5 . o;}n] ubf{ ef/tsf] gofF lbNnL, klZrd o'kL, xl/of0ff, k~hfjlt/sf

jfl;Gbfx?sf] nflu udL{ 5Ng], ljbfdf 3'Dg uGtJosf ?kdf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z h:t} jftfj/0f / b[iofjnL ePsf

l;dnf, g}gLtfn, b]x/fb'g, s'Nn', dgfnL, cNdf]8f, sfFs8fh:tf :yfgx? kb{5g\ . ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf klg

lxn:6]zgx? ljsf; u/L plrt jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug]{ xf] eg] ef/tLo ko{6sx? ljz]if u/L gofF lbNnL, klZrd o'kL,

xl/of0ff / k~hfjlt/sf ko{6sx?nfO{ ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf cfslif{s ug{ ;Sg] 7"nf] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . o;sf

nflu ;'b"/klZr k|b]zdf lxn:6]zgdf ko{6s cfslif{t ug{ b]xfosf sbdx? rflng'kg]{ cfjZos b]lvG5 .

54

-s_ o;sf nflu ;j{k|yd dof{lbt, ;'/lIft / OdfGbf/Lo'Qm ;]jfsf] k|Tofe"lt

ef/tLo ko{6sx?nfO{ ko{6s g} gdfGg], ckzJb af]Ng] / rsf]{ d"Nodf u'0f:t/xLg ;]jf lbg] unt k|rngnfO{ g]kfn

;/sf/ / xf]6n Jofj;foLx?sf 5ftf ;Fu7gx?n] lgoGq0f ug'{kb{5 .

-v_ kfl/jfl/s jftfj/0f M

ef/tLo ko6{sx?nfO{ kl/jf/x? ;Fu} a;]/ cfgGb lng ;Sg] dof{lbt dgf]/~hgsf] Joj:yf ul/g' klg clt cfjZos

b]lvG5 .

-u_ ef/tLo ko{6sx?sf] ?lrut ljljwtfsf] WofgM

ko{6g ;]jfsf] ljljlws/0f ub}{ B't ko{6g -Sofl;gf]_, ;fxl;s, ;]ldgf/, uf]i7L, a}7s, ;fF:s[lts, wfld{s,

;f}Gbo{kfg, kbofqf, pRr:yfgsf bf}8x?, v]ns'b, cjnf]sg, cg';Gwfg, cEof; cflb h:tf If]qx?sf] ;dfg'kflts

ljsf; ug'{ klg h?/L 5 .

-3_ k"jf{wf/df nufgLM

lxdf~rn, pQ/fv08df ko{6g k'jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ul/Psf] 5 ;f]xL cg'?k g]kfnn] klg ljZj:t/sf ko{6sLo

k"jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf; ug'kb{5 .

-ª_ ef/taf6 cfpg] ko{6sx?sf] g]kfn cfpg] ofqf / a;fO{df ;xhtfM

g]kfnsf xf]6nx?df x'g] xf]xNnf em}emu8f h:tf cdof{lbt lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{] ;+oGqsf] ljsf;

ul/g'kb{5 . ljz]if u/L xf]6ndf a:bf btf{sf] k|lqmofdf /x]sf] v's'nf]kgf / nfk/jfxL / lagf kl/rokq, 5Bd

kl/rokqsf cfwf/df sf]7f pknJw u/fpg] k|j[lQnfO{ s8fO{sf ;fy lgoGq0f ul/g'kb{5 .

-r_ ef/tLo lghL ;jf/L ;fwgx?nfO{ lgjf{w / lgz'Ns ?kdf g]kfn k|j]z ug]{ / cfjfudgsf] ;ljwfM

ef/tLo ko{6sx? cfkm\gf uf8Ldf ;'/lIft / ;'ljwfhgs ?kdf g]kfndf 3'dlkm/ ug{ ';Db5g\ . oxL ;'ljwfsf sf/0f

lzdnf, b]xf/fb'g, g}gLtfn, dnfgL, cflb ef/tsf lxn:6]zgdf ko{6sx?sf] /f]hfO{df k/]sf] ;Gbe{df g]kfnn] klg of]

Joj:yf nfu' ug{ ;s]sf] v088df ef/tsf cGo lxn:6]zgdf s]lGb|t ko{6sx?sf] Pp6f lx:;f o; k|b]zdf cfslif{t

ug{ ;lsG5

-5_ 7"nf b/sf ef/tLo gf]6x?nfO{ g]kfndf klg ;xh?kdf ;f6\g kfpg] Joj:yf

7"nf b/sf ef/tLo gf]6x?nfO{ g]kfndf ko{6sLo If]qx?df ;xh ?kdf ;f6g\ kfpg] Joj:yf ePsf] v08df ef/tLo

ko{6sx?n] 7"nf] kl/df0fdf g]kfndf vl/bbf/L ug]{ / To;n] ef/tLo d'b|f cfh{gdf ;xof]u k'Ug] b]lvG5 .

-h_ ef/tLo ko{6sx?nfO{ cfsl:ds ?kdf cfO{kg]{ 36gfx?af6 ;'/Iffsf nflu cfsl:ds ;]jfsf] k|Tofe"lt

-em_ lxn:6]zgx? rf}lj;} 306f v'Nnf /xg] u/L ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt

-`_ ef/tsf ;~rf/ dfWodx?df g]kfnsf lxn:6]zgx?sf af/]df kof{Kt dfqfdf k|rf/k|;f/ ug{ ;/sf/ / lghL

If]qaf6 tkm{af6 ;+oQm kxn

55

-6_ lxn:6]zgdf u'0f:t/Lo ;'k/dfs]{6x?sf] :yfkgf

b[iofjnf]sg ko{6gM

;'b"/klZrd k|b]z dgf]/d k|fs[lts ;Dkbfn] el/k"0f{ k|b]zsf ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . ljz]if u/L b]xfosf

ko{6sLo :ynx? b[iofsnf]sgsf s]Gb|sf ?kdf ljsl;t ul/g' h?/L 5 .

t:jL/ g++= (

-s_ z'SnfkmfF6f /fli6«o lgs'~h

-v_ 3f]8f3f]8L tfn

-u_ /fdf/f]zg

-3_ j}t8L kf6g

56

t:jL/ g+= !)

-ª_ vKt8

-r_ a8Ldflnsf

-5_ ;'df{ ;/f]j/

-h_ clk ;Okfn a];SofDk

-h_ s~rgk'/sf] emf]n'ª] k'n

-em_ s0ff{nL k'n

wfld{s ko{6g

tLy{ s]lGb|t ko{6gM

;'b"/klZrd k|b]z ef/t / rLg hf]8g] ;a}eGbf kfos kg]{ k|b]z xf] . o;sf ;fy} klZrd / klZrdf]Q/

ef/tdf 3'Dg hfg] ko{6sx?sf nflu ;'b"/ klZrd k|b]z k|j]zåf/ klg xf] . oL b'O{ cf]6f sf]0faf6 x]bf{

;'b"/ klZrd k|b]zdf b]xfosf If]qdf 7"nf] ;Defjgfx? n's]sf 5g\ .

57

-!_ dfg;/f]j/ ofqfM

gSzf g+= !

>f]tM u'unDofk

s'g} klg ef/tLo lxGb"x?sf] hLjgsf] nIo dWo] Pp6f k|d'v nIo dfg;/f]a/df :gfg ug]{ g} x'g] ub{5 . o;}sf/0f

ef/tn] dfg;/f]a/sf tLy{ofqLx?nfO{ e|d0feQf cg'bfgdf ?kdf lbg] sfo{sf] z'?jft u/]sf] 5 . xfn gofF lbNnLsf]

tLy{ofqL ef/taf6 sf7df8f}+, sf7df8f}+af6 g]kfnu~h g]kfnu~haf6 l;dsf]6, l;dsf]6af6 lxN;f x'Fb} dfg;/f]j/

hfg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . olb aefª tfSnfsf]6 dfu{nfO{ Jojl:y ug{ ;s]sf] v08df dfg;/f]j/ hfg] ef/tsf ;a}

tLy{ofqLx?sf] klxnf] /f]hfO{ aefª tfSnfsf]6 dfg;/f]j/ dfu{ g} kg]{ lglZrt 5 . of] dfu{nfO{ Jojl:y ug{ ;s]sf]

58

v08df o;n] ko{6gsf cGo If]qx?sf] ljsf;df ;d]t 6]jf k'/\ofpg] b]lvG5 . ef/t dfg;/f]j/ tLy{ofqfsf] of]

?6af6 l;lh{t cfly{s ;lqmotfn] of] k|b]zsf] cfly{s ljsf;df gofF cfofd yKg] lglZrt 5 .

-@_ pQ/fv08 / lxdf~rn hfg] g]kfnL tLy{ofqfx? s]lGb|t ko{6gM

ef/tsf lxGb"x?sf] hLjgsf] Pp6f k|d'v nIo dfg;/f]j/ ofqf eP em}+ g]kfnsf lxGb"x?sf] hLjgsf] Pp6f k|d''v

nIo xl/åf/ :gfg, uFuf]qL odf]gf]qLdf :gfg, ab|Lgfysf] bz{g, j}i0ff]b]jLsf] bz{g, cd/gfy ofqf cflb h:tf tLy{x?

kb{5g\ . oL ;a} vfnsf tLy{ofqfx?sf] k|j]zåf/ klg ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z g} xf] . o:tf g]kfnL tLy{ofqLx?sf] nflu

;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf ko{6g Jofj;foLx?n] gofF ;f]+rsf ;fy g]kfnL ko{6sx?nfO{ ;'/lIft ?kdf dx]Gb|gu/ /

wgu9L nufotsf zx/x?df a:g] wfld{s jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf ug]{, tL ko{6sx?nfO{ ;'/lIft ?kdf uGtJo;Dd

k'/\ofpg] Joj:yf ug{, cfktsfndf p2f/sf] Joj:yf ug]{, l6s6 nufotsf cGo nlhli6s kIfdf Joj:yfx? ug]{ /

tLy{ofqLx?nfO{ e/kbf]{ ;"rgf cfbfgk|bfg ug{{ Joj:yf ug{ ;s]sf] v08df g]kfn e/Lsf pQ/fv08, lxdf~rn /

hDd' sfZdL/ hfg] tLy{ofqLx?sf nflu ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z dxTjk"0f{ s]Gb|df ?kdf ljsf; x'g ;Sg] lglZrt 5 . of]

;DefjgfnfO{ d"t{?k lbg ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf ko{6g Jofj;foL, /fhgLlts bnx?, :yfgLo lgsfo / k|b]z ;/sf/n]

Pp6f cfd cjwf/0ff ljsf; ug{ h?/L 5 .

y/uf]q, s'nb]jtf, s'nb]jL s]lGb|t ko{6g -cGt/k|b]z ;]jf Jofkf/_

;'b"/klZrd g]kfnsf clwsfFz afx'g If]qL / blnt ;d'bfox?sf] pTklQ:ynsf ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . oL ;d"bfox?sf] y/

uf]qx?sf] pTklQ:yn ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf /x]sf 5g\ . o;sf ;fy} pgLx?sf s'nb]jtf, s'nb]jLx? klg ;'b"/klZrd

k|b]zdf cjl:yt 5g\ . di6f]a08fnLsf yfgx? hf] g]kfnsf afx'g If]qL / blnt ;d'bfosf dflg;x?sf] cf:yfsf]

ljGb"x? /x]sf 5g\ klg oxL k|b]zdf cjl:yt 5g\ . oftfoftsf] ;'udtf, cfjf;sf] plrt Joj:yf / tL cf:yf

s]Gb|x? / ;DjlGwt y/ uf]qsf dflg;x?nfO{ hf]8\g ;Sg] ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;s]sf] v08df ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z

y/uf]q, s'nb]jtf, s'nb]jL, di6f]a08fnL /x]sf :yfgx? cfGtl/s / jfxo ko{6gsf nflu cfsif{0fsf s]Gb| aGg]

b]lvG5 . o; kIfnfO{ b[li6ub}{ cfjZos ;+:yfut Joj:yf ;lxt y/uf]q, s'nb]jtf, s'nb]jL, di6f]a08fnLsf

yfgx?sf] ljsf; ug'{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . ljz]if u/L y/uf]q j[Q, b]jLyfg j[Q, di6f]a08fnL j[Qsf] ljsf; ug{

cfjZos b]lvG5 .

ljsf; ul/g' kg]{ ko{6gsf cGo If]qx?

k|b]z ;/sf/, :yfgLo pBdL Joj;foLx? tyf ;DjlGwt If]qsf lj1x?;Fusf] cGt/lqmof tyf ;'emfjsf cfwf/df

b]xfosf ko{6g If]qdf ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf j[xt ;Defjgfx? /x]sf 5g\ .

hnofqf

:sL

a~hL

dfp06]g /];,

Kof/fUnfO{8,

;]ldgf/,

dgf]/~hg- Sofl;gf]_,

v]ns'b - lqms]6, elnan_,

59

hFun ;kmf/L,

kbofqf,

b[iofjnf]sg, dfp06]g km\nfO{ wgu9L clk ;}kfn

cg';Gwfg ko{6g

r/f cjnf]sg ko{6g

hLjhGt' cjnf]sg ko{6g,

jg:klt cWoog / cjnf]sg,

kof{ko{6g,

s[lif ko{6g

pk/f]Qm If]qx?sf] ljsf; ug{ ;DjlGwt If]qsf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, k|rf/k|;f/ / bLuf]kgfnfO{ sfod ug{ ;F3, k|b]z,

:yfgLo lgsfo / pBdL Joj;foLx? / lj1x? ;lDdlnt ;ldltx? dfkm{t ;+ul7t ;lqmotfsf] vfFrf] b]lvG5 .

60

:jf:Yo ;]jf

g]q lrlsT;fM

t:jL/ g+= !!M

>f]tM g]kfn g]qHof]lt;F3

;'b"/klZrdsf] s}nfNLsf] u]6fdf cjl:ylt cfFvf c:ktfndf g]q pkrf/sf nflu xhf/f}+ ef/tLox? cfpg] ub{5 . o;

jfkt g]kfnnfO{ s/f}8f}+ cfDbfgL x'g] ub{5 . o; If]qsf] Jojl:yt ljsf;df g]kfn ;/sf/ ;d]t ;FnUg x'g] xf] eg]

eljiodf ;''b"/klZrd k|b]z g]q pkrf/sf nflu ef/tLox?sf] cfsif{s s]Gb|sf ?kdf ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf

k|an /x]sf] b]lvG5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&$.&% df dfq} o; c:ktfnn] ef/tLo ;]jfu|fxLaf6 ? $,%(,@^,))) cfDbfgL

u/]sf] b]lvG5 . pQm c:ktfnnfO{ cem ;]jf ;'ljwfo'Qm agfO{ g]q pkrf/sf] cGt/f{li6«o cfFvf pkrf/ s]Gb|sf ?kdf

ljsf; ug{ ;s]sf] v08df 7"nf] kl/0ffddf ef/tLo d'b|f cfh{g ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 .

61

Jofkf/ ;Dj4 ;/f]sf/sf ljifox?

Jofkf/ ;Dj4 ;/f]sf/sf ljifox?

Jofkf/ k|j4{gdf ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] :yfkgf

d'n'saf6 lgof{t ug{ ;lsg] pknJw j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] Jojl:yt ;"rgf k|jfx x'g clt h?/L 5 . o:tf] ;"rgf

k|0ffnLn] ;"rgf / e"uf]n / k|of]ustf{jLr h'g ;DjGw :yflkt ug]{ ub{5 To;n] :yfg ljz]ifsf ljz]iftfx?, ;"rgfx?,

tYofFsx? k|of]ustf{sf nflu pknJw u/fpF5 . :yfgLo qm]tf / jflx/sf ljqm]tfx?nfO{ hf]8\g], :yfgLo

pTkfbgx?nfO{ ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] j}lZjs ;~hfndf hf]8\b} d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug]{ of] sfo{ ug]{ pko'Qm dfWodx? dWo]

:yfgLo :t/df pknJw j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] ef}uf]lns ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] :yfkgf ug]{, Jojl:yt ?kdf :yfgLo /

k|b]z:t/df ljB'tLo ;+:s/0fx?df tYofFs, ;"rgf / ultljlwx? k|jfx ug]{ tyf d'n'sleq / jflx/sf qm]tf /

ljqm]tfx?jLr lel8of] sGkm/]G;sf] cfof]hgf ug]{ tyf d]nf k|bz{gLx?sf] lgod cfof]hgf ug]{ ljifox? kb{5g\ . oL

ljifox?df k|b]z / :yfgLo txx?df cnUu} ;+oGq aGg' cfjZos 5 .

g]kfnL j:t'x?nfO{ jfXo ahf/df k|fKt ;'ljwfx?sf] hfgsf/L

g]kfnL lgof{thGo j:t'x?nfO{ g]kfnsf z'elrGts ldqb]zx?n] k|bfg u/]sf lhP;kL ;'ljwf, z"Go eG;f/sf] ;'ljwf,

ljz]if cfjlws ;x'lnotx?sf af/]df k|b]z:t/ / :yfgLo :t/sf pBdL Joj;foLx?nfO{ ;xh hfgsf/Lsf] Joj:yfsf]

cefjdf pgLx? lgof{t Jofkf/df k|j]z ug{ ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . o:tf hfgsf/Lx? k|b]zleqsf ;a} Jofj;foLx?nfO{

hfgsf/L lbg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ ljifo csf]{ ;/fsf]/sf] ljifo xf] .

lgof{t Jofkf/df g]kfnnfO{ k|fKt ;'ljwfx?

-!_ ;fdfGo u|fXotf k|0ffnL

-@_ z'Go eG;f/ b/sf] ;'ljwf

-#_ Oo', :jL6\h/n]08, ga]{ / 6sL{df g]kfnL pTkfbgx?nfO{ /]]S; ;'ljwf

-$_ && cf]6f ljleGg g]kfnL pTkfbgx?nfO{ ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfaf6 k|fKt ljz]if ;x'lnoto'Qm eG;f/ 5'6sf] ;'ljwf

-%_ g]kfn, ef/t, rLg / aFunfb]zsf aGb/ufx;Ddsf] ;xh kx''Fr

-^_ ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7g, ;fkm\6f ;b:ox?df g]kfnL pTkfbgnfO{ cj;/ k|bfg

Jofj;foL jftfj/0fdf ;'wf/ ;DjGwL ljifox?M

ljZj j}sn] k|sflzt u/]sf] g]kfnfsf] Jofj;flos jftjf/0f ;'rsfFssf] cj:yf ;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g . k|lqmof, lgod

sfg'g gLlt, /0fgLlt, sfo{qmd, ah]6, sfo{of]hgf k|lt:kwf{sf] :t/, k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0f, ;'zf;g -sfg'gsf]

zf;g, kf/blz{tf, ;xeflutf, pQ/bfloTj, lhDd]jf/Lkgf, ;dtf, ;dfgtf, ;dfj]lztf_, ;'/Iff, >d pBf]uL

;x;DjGw, pBdzLn ;+:sf/, If]qut ;"rsfFsx?sf] l:yltn] Jofkf/ k|j4{g ;Dj4 jftfj/0f lgwf{/0f ub{5 . pQm

k|ltj]bgn] phfu/ u/]sf ljifox?df k|b]z:t/df ;'wf/ ug{ ;lsg] ljifox?df k|b]z ;/sf/x?n] kxnsbdL lng

62

h?/L 5 . o:tf kxnsbdLn] k|b]z:t/df Joj;fo ug]{ jftfj/0fdf ;'wf/ cfO{ j}b]lzs Jofkf/sf] Joj:yfkg ug{

;xh x'g] b]lvG5 .

s[lif cg'bfg / k|f]T;fxg ;DjGwL ljifox

cfkm\gf ljZj ahf/df k|lt:kwL{ agfpg s[lif nufotsf If]qdf ljZj e/L g} ;+/If0ffTds pkfox? cFuLsf/ ug]{

k|rng /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL pTkfbgx?nfO{ klg ;+/If0ffTds pkfox?sf dfWodaf6 ljZj ahf/df k|lt:kwL{ agfpg

h?/L 5 . o; ljifonfO{ k|b]z ;/sf/x?n] pko'Qm gLltaf6 ;+jf]wg ug{ h?/L 5 .

Jofkf/ ;Dj4k"jf{wf/df nufgLM

lgof{t k|j4{gdf Jofkf/ ;Dj4 k"jf{wf/ clt dxTjk"0f{ ljifosf ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . ;+:yfut k"jf{wf/tkm{ eG;f/, uf]bfd,

u'0f:t/ lgodg tyf lgoGq0f lgsfox?, z}lIfs tyf ;Lkd'n's tfnLd s]Gb|x?, lghLIf]qsf ;F3;+:yfx? -j:t'ut,

k|ltlglwd'n's ;+3;+:yfx?, lgof{ts ;F3, cfofts ;F3_ kb{5 eg] ef}lts k"jf{wf/tkm{ ;8s, ljh'nL, jGb/ufx,

eG;f/ ljGb", ;"rgf / k|ljlw, hnfk"lt{, ljz]if cfly{s If]q, lgof{t k|j4{g If]q / cf}Bf]lus If]q h:tf ;+/rgfx?

kb{5g\ . oL b'j} If]qdf k|b]z ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf tkm{af6 ;+jf]wg ug]{ ljifodf ;+nUg x'g h?/L 5 . ljz]if u/L Go'g

;fwg>f]t ePsf eG;f/ljGb"x? ePsf k|b]zsf eG;f/ljGb"x?nfO{ ;fwfg>f]to'Qm agfpg] ljifonfO{ ;F3 / k|b]z

;/sf/n] ;+o'Qm kxnaf6 ;Djf]wg ug{ h?/L 5 . o;sf ;fy} h6xL eG;f/ sfof{nonfO{ ;''Vvf aGb/ufx agfpg kg]{

cfjZostf b]lvG5 .

nlhi6s ;]jfdf ;'wf/M

Jofkf/ k|j4{gsf] csf]{ dxTjk"0f ljifo eg]sf] pTs[i6:t/sf] nlhli6s ;]jf klg xf] . cj/f]wljxLg oftfoft, j]i6g,

ax'ljlws oftfoft, ;do Joj:yfkg, eG;f/, nlhi6s ;]jf, ;do, j}b]lzs sfuf]{ l;kd]G6sf] bIftf / ;xhtf,

nlhli6shGo ;+/rgf / 6«\oflsª k|0ffnLx? kb{5g\ . nlhi6s ;]jf hlt r':t, b'?:t / ultzLn x'G5 d'n'ssf] lgof{t

Jofkf/ klg TolQs} ;xh / d"Nod}qL x'G5 . o; ljifodf klg ;F3 / k|b]zn] ;+o'Qm kxn lng h?/L 5 .

Jofkf/ ;Dj4 cg';GwfgM

;/sf/sf cFux?, k|fl1s If]q / lghL If]qsf d]wfjLx?o'Qm ;+o'Qm ;d'x ahf/ cg';Gwfg lgof{t k|j4{gsf] dxTjk"0f{

ljifo xf] . tYofFs, ;"rgf, 1fg, d]wf / a'l4dQfdf cfwfl/t lgisif{x? lgof{t k|j4{gsf] dlitis xf] h;n] lgof{t

k|j4{gsf k|of;sf nflu Hof]ltsf] sfo{ ub{5,, gLlt lgdf{tfsf nflu cfFvf, lghLIf]qsf nflu lx8\g] af6f] to ug]{ of]

cg';Gwfg sfo{ lgof{t k|j4{gsf] dxTjk"0f{ cFusf ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . o; ljifodf klg k|b]z:t/df klg ultzLn

;+oGqsf] Joj:yf x'g h?/L 5 .

k|b]z:t/sf] Jofkf/ ;Dj4 8f6fj];sf] Joj:yfM

k|b]z:t/df x'g] pTkfbg, ljt/0f / Ps k|b]zaf6 csf]{ k|b]zdf x'g] Jofkf/ / ;DjlGwt k|b]zdf pTkfbg eO{ cGo

k|b]zsf eG;f/ ljGb"x?af6 j:t'x? eP/ lgof{t x'g] j:t'x?sf] clen]v /fVg] Joj:yfsf] nflu k|b]z:t/df klg Pp6f

;+oGq x'g h?/L 5 tfls k|b]zaf6 lgsf;L x'g] j:t'x?sf] oyfy{ lrq0f xf];\ / k|b]z:t/df lgsf;L k|j4{gsf efjL

lbzf to ug{ j:t'ut cfwf/ k|fKt x'g ;sf];\ .

63

ef}uf]lns ;+s]t, k]6]06 /fO6 / 6]«8dfs{ ;DjGwL ljifox?M

g]kfnsf w]/} pTkfbgx? ljlzi6 vfnsf 5g\ h;nfO{ ef}uf]lns ;+s]t, k]6]06 /fO6 / 6]«8dfs{ h:tf ljifoaf6 ;+af]wg

x'g h?/L 5 . k|b]z ;/sf/n] oL ljlwx?af6 ljz]if klxrfg lbg ;Sg] j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] klxrfg u/L tL j:t'

tyf ;]jfx?nfO{ /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o d"nk|jfxdf :yflkt ug{ kxnsbdL lng cfjZos b]lvG5 .

u'0f:t/ ;DjGwL ljifox?M

g]kfnL j:t'x?nfO{ jfXo ahf/df k|lt:kwL{ agfpg u'0f:t/ ;DjGwL Joj:yfx?n] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf x'G5g\ .

g]kfnL pTkfbgx?x?nfO{ nlIft ahf/df ljBdfg u'0f:t/sf k|fjwfgx? cg'?k u'0f:t/d}qL agfpg ;+:yfut, sfg'gL

/ hgzlQmsf kIfdf ;'wf/, :t/f]GglQ cflb ug{ cfjZos x'g hfG5 . oL ljifox?nfO{ ;Djf]wg ug{ k|b]z ;/sf/n]

ljz]if Joj:yf ug{ h?/L 5 .

6]«;]laln6L ;DjGwL k|fjwfgx?

vfB ;'/Iff w]/} b]zx?sf gful/sx?sf nflu a9\bf] ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo ePsf] 5 . hgfj/df nfu]sf /f]ux? / vfB

j:t'x?df k|of]u x'g] ljiffbLn] vfB ;'/IffnfO{ k|efljt ul/x]sf] ;Gbe{df k|b'lift vfBx?sf] klxrfg x'g' clt cfjZos

eO{ ;s]]sf] 5 . o;}sf nflu vfB j:t'x?df Traceability sf] cjwf/0ffsf] ljsf; eO{ ljleGg ljsl;t b]zx?n]

o; cjwf/0ffnfO{ cfkm\gf] d'n'ssf] vfB cfk"lt{ k|0ffnLsf] cleGg cFusf ?kdf cFuLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ .

cfOP;cf] cg';f/ Traceability eGgfn] vfB kbfy{sf] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg / ljt/0f k|lqofsf] ultnfO{ cg'udg ug]{

k|lqmof xf] eGg] a'lemG5 . Traceability k|0ffnLn] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg / ljt/0f k|lqmofdf x/]s txsf] ;"rgfx?

;dfj]z u/]sf] x'gfn] of] k|0ffnL nfu' u/]sf] v08df pTkflbt vfB j:t'x?sf] ljZj;lgotfdf j[l4 eO{ pQm

j:t'x?sf] lgof{t ;xh x'g] b]lvG5 .

o'/f]lkog o'lgog, ;+o['Qm /fHo cd]l/sf, hfkfg, ci6«]lnof, Sofg8f nufotsf ljsl;t b]zx?df Traceability

k|0ffnL nfu' u/L vfB j:t'sf] u'0f:t/;DjGwL PsLg ug]{ Joj:yf ePsf] x'Fbf tL g]kfnn] klg vfB j:t'sf] pTkfbg,

k|zf]wg, 9'jfgL, e08f/0f / ljt/0f nufotsf If]qdf Traceability k|0ffnLnfO{ nfu' ug'{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . o;sf

nflu pTkfbs s[ifs, ;+sns, k|zf]wg pBf]u, 9'jfgLstf{ / ljt/sx?nfO{ Traceability k|0ffnLdf kf]Vt agfpg

pgLx?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug'{ cfjZos 5 .

cGo u}/ eG;f/ dfkgx?sf] ;+jf]wg

-!_ ef/tsf vfB kbfy{ lgof{t ug{ b]xfosf k|lqmofx? k'/f ug'{kb{5 .

-s_ ef/tLo vfB k|of]uzfnfsf] k|df0fkq lng h?/L 5 .

-v_ 3\o', t]n / k|zf]lwt vfBj:t'x? lgof{t ubf{ ef/tLo Food Safety and Standards (Packaging and

Labelling) Second Amendment Regulations, 2013 sf] k|fjwfg adf]lhd fat content pNn]v ug'{

h?/L 5 .

64

-u_ General Grading and Marking Rules, 1988 sf] k|fjwfg adf]lh s[lif pTkfbgsf] u'0f:t/sf af/]df

n]alnªsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] x''gkb{5 .

-3_ Food Safety and Standards (Food Import) Regulations, 2016 sf] k|jwfg cg';f/ x/]s

vfBfGgsf] ldlt ;lxtsf] Dofb tf]lsPsf] clgjfo{ x'g'kb{5 .

-ª_ Food Safety and Standards (Packaging and Labelling) Regulations, 2011 sf] k|fjwfg

cg';f/ Kofs]lhª :6f088{, kf]ifs tTj, v'b kl/df0f, pTkfbg ldlt, dfFzfxf/L kbfy{ k|of]u ePsf] eP ;f] ;d]t

pNn]lvt,pTkfbgsf] gfd / 7]ufgf tyf k|of]u u/L ;Sg'kg]{ ldlt ;d]t :ki6 pNn]v ePsf] x'g'kb{5 .

-r_ Sjf/]06fOg ;DjGwL k|fjwfgx?

-@_ Oo' b]zx?df vfB kbfy{ lgof{t ug{ b]xfosf k|lqmofx? k'/f ug'{kb{5

-s_ o'/f]lkog sldzg nufotsf cfoftstf{ d'n'sx?n] nfu' u/]sf MRLs -clwsQd cjz]if :t/_ ;DjGwL

k|fjwfgx?

-v_ Oo' b]zx?df vfB j:t'sf] u'0f:t/ lglZrt ug{ nfu' u/]sf] Traceability ;DjGwL k|fjwfgx?

-u_ vfB j:t'x?sf] n]jlnª ;DjGwL b]xfosf k|fjwfgx?M

allergens in the list of ingredients;

energy value

the amounts of fat, saturates, carbohydrate, sugars, protein and salt

-#_ d':nLd b]zx?df vfB j:t'x? lgof{t ubf{ xnfn k|df0fkq

-$_ rLgtkm{ lgof{t ubf{ Import and Export Commodity Inspection Law of the Peoples

Republic of China, df pNn]lvt k|fjwfgx?

-%_ ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfdf vfB ;fdfu|Lx? lgof{t ubf{ ToxfFsf] Food & Drug Administration Act df

pNn]lvt k|fjwfgx? k'/f ug{ h?/L 5 .

;+jf]wg ul/g'kg]{ cGo ljifox?M

;'b"/klZrddf lgsf;L ;Defjgf ePsf j:t'x?df s[lif ;DjGwL j:t'x?sf] k|wfgtf /x]sf] 5 . oL j:t'x? nlIft

ahf/df lgsf;L ug{ u'0f:t/sf k|fjwfgx? k'/f u/]sf] x''g'kg]{ b]lvG5 . o;} u/L u'0f:t/ k|df0fLs/0fnfO{ nlIft

ahf/df dfGotfk|fKt u/]sf] klg x'g' kg]{ b]lvG5 . ;DjlGwt pBf]ux?n] pTkflbt j:t'x?sf] u'0f:t/ k|df0fLs/0f

kfos kg]{ :yfgdf x'g g;Sbf lgsf;Lstf{x?nfO{ ;d:of kl//x]sf] 5 . ef/ttkm{ s[lifhGo j:t' lgsf;L ug{ g]kfn

eG;f/sf] kf/Lkl§sf ;LdfjtL{ ef/tLo eG;f/ sfof{nox?df Sjf/]06fOg sfof{nox?sf] ljifo lgsf;Lstf{n] nfdf]

;dob]lv ef]lu/x]sf] ;d:of xf] . lgsf;LhGo pBf]ux?df ul/g] Jofkf/ ljQ Joj:yfkg klg ;xh x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g

. lgsf;Lstf{ pBdLx?n] rsf]{ Jofhb/sf] ;fdfgf ug'{ kl//x]sf] 5 . lgsf;LhGo pBf]unfO{ rflxg] bIf hgzlQmsf]

sdL klg 68\sf/f] b]lvG5 . k|b]zdfl:yt lgsf;Lstf{ pBdLx?nfO{ ahf/sf] tfhf ;"rgfsf] k|jfx klg x'g ;ls/x]sf]

5}g . s[ifsx?nfO{ ;dod} kof{Kt dn, pGgt hftsf] jLpm, jfx|df; l;+rfO{sf] ;'ljwfsf] sdL, sfi7pBf]usf nflu

rflxg] sf7sf] j[Iff/f]k0fsf nflu rflxg] lj?jf ljt/0fdf cfPsf] /f]sfj6 h:tf ;d:ofsf sf/0f k|b]zaf6 ;f]+r]

65

cg';f/ lgsf;L k|j4{g / cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . oL ljifox? ;+3Lo ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ / :yfgLo

txsf] ;o'Qm kxndf ;+jf]wg ul/g' cfjZos b]lvG5 .

nfut Go'gLs/0fdf k|b]z ;/sf/n] ug'{kg]{ ;xof]ux?

-s_ jfXo d''n'sx?df s[lif pTkfbgx?nfO{ k|lt:kwL{ agfpg s[ifsx?nfO{ ljleGg lsl;df ;xof]u, cg'bfg, k|f]T;fxg

/ ;+/If0fsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] x'G5 . g]kfnsf] s[lif pTkfbgsf] k|lt:kwL{ ef/tLo s[lif pTkfbg ;/x k|lt:kwL{ agfpg

k|b]z ;/sf/n] klg cfkm\gf s[ifsx?nfO{ sDtLdf ef/tLo s[ifsx?n] kfP ;/x/sf ;'ljwfx? k|bfg ug'{ cfjZos

b]lvG5 .

-v_ lgsf;LhGo pBf]ux?nfO{ ;x'lnot b/df Jofhsf] Joj:yf ul/g' klg cfjZos 5

-u_ ;fd'lxs s[lif k|0ffnLnfO{ k|f]T;fxg x'g] gLlt / sfo{qmdx? nfu' ul/g'kb{5

-3_ lglZrt ;dofjlwsf nflu lgsf;LhGo pBf]ux?nfO{ s/x?df ljz]if 5'6sf] Joj:yf ul/g'kb{5 .

- ª_ pBf]u :yfkgfsf nflu rflxg] k"jf{wf/df ;/sf/af6 kof{Kt nufgL ul/g'kb{5 .

66

lgisif{

-!_ ;'b"/klZrd k|b]z g]kfnsf] s[lif pTkfbgsf] e08f/ xf] . k|z:t pJhfpm e"ld /x]sf] o; k|b]zdf pTkfbg x'g]

s[lifhGo j:t'x? wfg, ds}, ux'F, cfn', kmnkm'n, ljleGg vfnsf k'ikx?, pTkfbgdf cem j[l4 ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf

/x]sf] 5 . o;k|sf/sf] j[l4n] ;DjlGwt j:t'x?sf] lgsf;L k|j4{g, cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ / cfoftk|lt:yfkg ug{ ;Sg]

b]lvPsf] 5 .

-@_ vfB k|zf]wg pBf]usf pTkfbgx? w'nf] b'w, d}bf, vfg]t]n, lrgL, lj:s'6, rsn]6, ld7fO{, cfn' lrK;, k]okbfy{,

h';, kz' cfxf/ h:tf pTkfbgx?sf] lj:tf/af6 k|b]zdf x'g] cfoft k|lt:yfkg x'g] / cGo k|b]zdf ;d]t cfk"lt{ ug{

;lsg] eO{ ;du|df d'n'ssf] g} cfoft k|lt:yfkg x'g] b]lvG5 .

-#_ pBf]u :yfkgfdf w]/} k'FhL gnfUg] t/ /fd|f] ahf/ ePsf b}lgs pkof]udf k|of]u x'g] j:t'x?sf] pBf]u :yfkgf u/L

cfoft k|lt:yfg / cGt/k|b]z cfk"lt{ ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 .

-$_ o; k|b]zdf /x]sf] ljleGg vfgLx? h:t} tfdf, kmnfd r'g9'Fuf vfgL ;~rfng u/L tL j:t'x?sf pTkfbg

pBf]u :yfkgfsf] ;Defjgf b]lvPsf] 5 .

-%_ jGohGo pTkfbgx?df cfwfl/t sfuh, kmlg{r/ pBf]ux?sf] :yfkgf u/L cfoft k|lt:yfkg / cGt/k|b]zdf

cfk"lt{ ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf klg b]lvPsf] 5 .

-^_ o; k|b]zdf pTkflbt x'g] hl8a'6L, kmnkm'n, h}t'gsf] t]n, b'Uw kbfy{, h}ljs t/sf/L, hnljB't, ko{6g,

g]qlrlsT;f ;]jf h:tf j:t' Pjd\ ;]jfx? lgsf;Lsf nflu k|an ;Defjgf ePsf j:t'sf ?kdf b]vfk/]sf 5g\ .

-&_ dfg;/f]j/ hfg] tLy{ofqLsf nflu o; k|b]znfO{ k|j]zljGb"sf ?kdf ljsf; u/L ef/tLo lxGb" tLy{ofqLx?nfO{

cfslif{t ug{ ;lsg] b]lvG5 . ;fy} k|]bzdf /x]sf ko{6sLo If]qx?, dlGb/x?, b]jLyfgx?, di6f] a08fnLsf wfdx?

tyf cGo P]ltxfl;s dxTjsf If]qx?sf] ljsf; u/L cfGtl/s ko{6s k|j4{g ug{ ;lsG5 .

-*_ g]q lrlsT;f ;]jfsf] lgof{tsf nflu s}nfnLsf] u]6fdf cjl:yt cfFvf c:ktfnaf6 7"nf] dfqfdf ef/tLo d'b|f

cfh{g ug]{ ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 .

67

;'emfj

-!_ b]zsf] a9\bf] Jofkf/3f6fnfO{ Go'gLs/0f ug{ k|b]z:t/df lgsf;L ;DefJo j:t'x?sf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ x'g h?/L

5 .

-@_ g]kfnn] cfoft ul//x]sf t/ k|b]zdf pTkfbg j[l4 ug{ ;lsg] j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ x'g klg

cfjZos b]lvG5 .

-#_ ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zddf pTkfbg eO{ cGo k|b]zx?df k7fpg ;lsg] / Nofpg ;lsg] j:t'x?sf] k|efjsf/L

Joj:yfkg x'g klg h?/L 5 .

-$_;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf Jofkf/ ;Dj4 k"jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf;df Wofg hfg' klg h?/L 5 .

-%_ lgsf;LhGo, cfoftk|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] tyf cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf]

pTkfbgdf k|b]z ;/sf/n] k|f]T;fxgfTds, ;+/If0ffTds Joj:yfx? ug'{ klg cfjZos 5 .

-^_ lgsf;L k|j4{gdf lgsf;Lstf{x?nfO{ ;do ;dodf cGt/f{li6«o ahf/sf] cj:yf, u'0f:t/ dfkb08x?, n]jlnª,

Kofs]lhª, a|fl08ª hfgsf/L pknJw u/fpg] Joj:yfx? ug{ klg h?/L 5 .

-&_ lgsf;LhGo, cfoftk|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] tyf cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ ;Defjgf ePsf j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] ljsf;,

d"No >[+vnfsf] ljsf;df k|b]z ;/sf/n] cfjZos nufgL ug'{ kg]{ b]lvG5 .

-*_ ;+sng s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf / To;sf] k|efjsf/L ;~rfngdf k|b]z ;/sf/sf] ;xof]usf] cfjZostf b]lvG5 .

-(_ vfB k|zf]wg pBf]ufsf] lj:tf/, ljsf;, :t/f]GglQsf nflu cfly{s, k|fljlws tyf ef}lts k"jf{wf/df k|b]z

;/sf/sf] ;/sf/sf] ;xof]u cfjZos b]lvG5 .

-!)_ lgsf;L k|j4{gsf nflu k|b]z:t/df klg k|j4{gfTds ;+oGqsf] :yfkgf ug'{ kg]{ h?/L b]lvG5

-!!_ cfofltt k'mnx?nfO{ lj:yfkg ug{ k|b]zdf Jofks ?kdf k'ikv]tL lj:tf/ lj:tf/ ul/g'kb{5 .

-!@_ k|b]zdf pknw vfgLx? oyfzSo rfF8f] ;~rfng u/L j:t' pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u :yfkgfdf k|b]z ;/sf/ /

lghL If]qsf] ;xsfo{ cfjZos b]lvG5 .

-!#_ ef/tLo lxGb" tLy{ofqLx?nfO{ cfslif{t ug{ wflds{s tLy{:ynsf] k|rf/k|;f/sf ;fy} dfg;/f]a/ hfg] dfu{sf]

ljsf; ul/g' cfjZos b]lvG5 .

-!$_ g]q lrlsT;f ;]jfsf] lgof{tsf nflu s}nfnLsf] u]6fdf cjl:yt c:ktfnnfO{ :t/f]GglQ u/L ef/tsf ;]jfu|fxL

;d]tnfO{ nlIft u/L cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] g]q pkrf/ c:ktfnsf] ?kdf ljsf; ul/g'kb{5 .

l;kmfl/;

o; cWoogdf klxrfg ul/Psf ;a} j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] ljsf;sf nflu lj:t[t kl/of]hgf k|:tfj

tof/ ug]{, ;f] sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/fpg] u/L ljz]if 6f]nLx? u7g u/L sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ cfjZos

b]lvG5 .

68

cg';'rL

jfl0fHo gLlt @)&@, g]kfn Jofkf/ PsLs[t /0fgLlt @)&#, k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfw'lgsLs/0f kl/of]hgf

tyf lghL If]qn] klxrfg u/]sf] j:t'x?, g]kfnsf] cfoft Jofkf/ ljZn]if0faf6 ls6fg ul/Psf j:t'x?

tyf k|b]z:t/df ul/Psf cGt/lqmofaf6 ;'emfjx?nfO{ b[li6ut u/L lgsf;L ;DEffJo j:t'x?sf] ljsf;

ul/g' cfjZos b]lvG5 .

-s_ jfl0fHo gLlt @)&@ df pNn]v ePsf / ;'b"/klZrdaf6 lgsf;L ;Defjgf ePsf j:t'x? b]xfo

ad]lhd /x]sf 5g\ .

cb'jf÷;''7f]

pmgL tyf un}+Frf

cf}iflw, cf}iflwhGo hl8a'6L tyf ;f/o'Qm t]n

lrgL

t/sf/L, t/sf/Lsf] aLp

k'ik -k"mn_

kmnkm"n

dx

bfn

xft] sfuh / ;f]sf] pTkfbg

ko{6g

:jf:Yo ;]jf

-v_ g]kfn Jofkf/ PsLs[t /0fgLldf pNn]lvt j:t' tyf ;]jfx?df pNn]v eO{ ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zaf6

lgsf;L ug{ ;lsg] j:t' / ;]jfx?

cb'jf

h8La'6L / ;'ulGwt jg:klt

5fnf

ko{6g -cfdf]bk|df]b, lrlsT;f_

wft'

kmnkm'n

69

h';

dx

d;'/f]

sfuh

ax'd'No kYy/

pmgL pTkfbgx?

-u_ k|wfgdGqL s[lif cfw'lgsLs/0f cfof]hgfdf pNn]v ePsf s[lifhGo j:t'x?

cfn', :ofpm, t/sf/L, cb'jf, a];f/,wfg, df5f, ds} / ds}sf] ljpm, h}t'g, ux'F klg lgsf;L

;Deffgf ePsf , cfoftk|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] / cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ x'g ;Sg] ;Defljt

j:t'x?x? /x]sf 5g\ .

-3_ k|b]z ;/sf/n] k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf s[lifhGo pTkfbgx?

ux'F, ds}, hf}, cn}+rL, skmL, k|fufll/s dn, s]/f, cf]v/, ;'Gtnf, sfuhL, h'gf/, d]jf,

lslj, cFu'/, :ofpm, d'Fu, h}t'g, klZdgf h:tf j:t'x? kb{5g\ . oL j:t'x?nfO{ lgof{t

k|j4{g, cGt/k|b]z Jofkf/ / cfoftk|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 .

-ª_ cWoogsf l;nl;nfdf lghL If]q;Fu ljleGg r/0fdf ePsf cGt/lqmodf b]xfosf

j:t'x? cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP .

-!_ s[lifhGoM

-s_ e]8fafv|f, df5f, df;', b'UwhGo kbfy{, c08f, dx, km'nx? tyf lj?jfx?, tfhf xl/of] t/sf/L,

cfn', Kofh, s]/fpmsf] sf];f, bnxg- s]/fpm, d'Fu, df;, d;'/f], af]8L, l;dL _, kmnkm'n- s]/f, cfFk,

;'Gtnf, cgf/, cFu'/_, d;nf tyf gub]afnL - skmL, bfnlrgL, wlgof, d]yL, tof/L d;nf, Hjfgf],

a];f/, ltn_,

-v_ k|wfg vfBfGgafnL- ux'F, ds}, dl;gf] / af:gfbf/ rfnd, hf}, d}bf,

-u_ t/sf/Lsf] ljpm,

-3_ t]nxg- tf]/L, /fof], ;:o'{, ;"o{d'vL_, vfg]t]n,

-ª_ lrgL, rsn]6, ld7fO{, r'Oud, rfpmrfpm, lrK;, lj:s'6, s]s, kfp/f]6L, h';, crf/,

-r_ l:k/L6, dlb/f, kz' cfxf/, ;'tL{ r'/f]6,

-@_ u}/s[lifhGo

-s_ l;d]G6, d;L,

-v_ >[Fuf/sf ;fdfg- lnlkli6s, lqmd, kfp8/, k/km\o'd_, cu/aQL, ;]Kkm", ;fa'g, skfndf nfpg] t]n,

6'yk]i6, sk8f w'g] kfp8/, ;nfO{, nfO{6/,

-u_ Knfli6ss ;fdfgx?- ef8fs'F8f, a|;, af]tn, s];, qm]6, kfOk, emf]nf, kmlg{r/_,

-3_ 5fnfsf ;fdfgx? - h'Qf, rKkn, k]6L, k;{, ;'6s];, emf]nf,

70

-ª_ sf7sf ;fdfgx?- kmlg{r/, KnfOpm8_, sfuh- sfuh,vfd, Koflsªsf ;fdfgx?_,

-r_ pmg, cNnf], ledn, efFuf]af6 aGg] ;fdfgx?, sfk]{6, tof/L kf]zfs, af]/f,

-5_ ;]/fldS;sf ;fdfgx? -a]l;g, sdf]8, sk, Kn]6_,

-h_ 6Lsf, r'/f, kf]t], ;fgf

-em_ s[lif cf}hf/, tfNrf, ;fFrf],

-`_ wft'sf kmlg{r/, v]nf}gf, k]lG;n, s6/, /a/, O/]h/, HofldtLsf ;fdfgx?

-r_ cWoogsf l;nl;nfdf lghL If]q;Fu ljleGg r/0fdf ePsf cGt/lqmodf b]xfosf

j:t'x? lgof{t ;DEffJo j:t'sf] ?kdf /x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP .

!= cb'jf, k/an, nf}sf, j];f/, 3\o" - ;'k vf]/]t /lxt If]q 3f]if0ff x'g'kg]{ _

@= h8La'6L

#= l6d'/, skmL, ?b|fIf, skmL, lrof, h8La'6L,cf]v/, ;'Gtnf, sfutL, cldnf] r's, aflaof] cNnf],

:yfgLo hftsf] s]/f,

$= h8La'6L, s'l/nf], 3o's'df/L, s]dfdfOn, d]Gyf, n]dgu|f;,

%= lr/fOtf], cf]v/ / cf]v/sf] w'nf], t]hkQf, l/6\7f, l6d'/, lrp/L, cdnf, kxf8L cdnf ljz]if vfnsf]

x'G5 . r'qmf sfkmn, 3F3f?, em\ofpm, em\ofpmsf] cu/aQL

;du|df b]xfosf j:t'x? ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zaf6 lgof{t ug{ ;lsg] ;DefJo j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] ?kdf

b]lvPsf 5g\

-!_ b'Uwkbfy{ ljz]if Wo', rLh

-@_ km'n, lj?jf

-#_ t/sf/L, cuf{lgs, kxf8L , lxdfnL e]usf pTkfbgx?, t/fO{sf pTkfbgdf nf}sf, k/jn, le08L,

aGbf, sfpnL, s'l/nf],

-$_ bnxgM n]sfnL, kxf8L / lxdfnL e]udf pTkfbg x'g]

-%_ kmnkm'nM kxf8L, n]sfnL / lxdfnL e]udf pTkfbg x'g], t/fO{df s]/f

-^_ cn}+rL, skmL, lrof - eljiodf ljsf; ug{ ;lsg]_, a];f/, wlgof, d]yL,

-&_ pRr lxdfnL / n]sfnL e]udf pTkfbg ul/Psf cGg

-*_ e6df;, :yfgLo hftsf /}yfg] t/sf/Lsf] ljpm,

-(_ tf]/L

-!)_ h}t'gsf] t]n - cf]lne cfon_

-!!_ h8La'6L / ;f/t]n

-!@_ >[Fuf/sf ;fwfg- xa{n_

-!#_ ;Nnfsf kmlg{r/

-!$_ vf]6f] / 6k]{G6fOg

-!%_ cld|;f]sf] s'rf]

-!^_ sTyf

-!&_ aflaof]sf 8f]/Lx?

-!*_ af]tno'Qm kfgL

-!(_ rfpmrfpm, lrK;, h';

71

-@)_ 5fnfsf pTkfbgx?

-@!_ sf7sf kmlg{r/x? ljz]if hftaft ag]sf, d"lt{x?, laho ;fnsf pDvf]/f

-@@_ sfuh, g]kfnL xft]sfuh

-@#_ lxdfnL e]udf pmgaf6 ag]sf ;fdfgx? - sfDnf], No", /f8LkfvL, :jL6]/, unjGbL, 6f]kL, k~hf,

pmgL un}+rf, klZdgf

-@$_ tof/L kf]zfs

-@%_ x:tsnfsf ;fdfgx?

;]jf Jofkf/

lgof{t ;DefJo ;]jfx?

-s_ :jf:Yo ;]jf

-!_ g]q lrls:tf

-@_ of]u Wofg

-v_ lzIff ;]jfM

-!_ d]l8sn cWoog

-@_ gl;{ª lzIff

-#_ OlGhlgol/ª lzIff

-v_ ko{6g

-!_ cfdf]bk|df]b ko{6g

hnofqf,

:sL,

a~hL,

dfp06]g /];,

Kof/fUnfO{8,

;]ldgf/,

dgf]/~hg- Sofl;gf]_,

v]ns'b - lqms]6, elnan_,

hFun ;kmf/L,

kbofqf,

b[iofjnf]sg, dfp06]g km\nfO{ wgu9L clk ;}kfn

cg';Gwfg ko{6g,

r/f cjnf]sg ko{6g,

hLjhGt' cjnf]sg ko{6g,

jg:klt cWoog / cjnf]sg,

72

kof{ko{6g,

s[lif ko{6g,

ef/tsf ko{6s nlIft lxn:6]zg cfdf]bk|df]b ko{6g

-@_ tLyf{6g

aemfª tfSnfsf]6 dfg;/f]a/ ofqf

b]jLyfg bz{g

cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;lsg] ;]jfx?M

-s_ lrlsT;f ;]jf

-v_ lzIff ;]jf

-!_ sf7df8f}+sf 7"nf z}lIfs ;+:yfgx?sf] ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf pkqmdx? :yfkgf ug]{,

-@_ ef/tsf] b]x/fb'gsf :s'nx?sf] ;'b"/klZrddf pkqmdx? :yfkgf ug{]

cGt/ k|b]z Jofkf/ ug{ ;lsg] ;]jfx? Jofkf/

-s_ y/uf]q pTklQ:yn ko{6g

-v_ wfld{s ko{6g

b]jL yfg

di6f]a08fnL

P]ltxfl;s :yn

k'/ftflTs dxTjsf :ynx?

dlGb/, b]jn, wf/f, kf6Lkf}jf, bf]efg, lqj]0fL

;fF:s[lts hfqf

s'nb]jtf b]jL bz{g

73

;Gbe{ ;fdfu|Lx?

Statistical Information on Nepalese Agriculture, 2073/74, 2074 BS, Ministry

of Agriculture and Livestock, Kathmandu

Mineral Resources of Nepal, 2017, Department of Mines and Geology,

Kathmandu

Annual household survey 2015/16, 2016, Central Bureau of Statistics,

Kathmandu Nepal

Industrial Survey 2011/12, 2012, Central Bureau of Statistics, Kathmandu

Nepal

Regional (Provincial) National Accounts, 2019, Central Bureau of Statistics,

Kathmandu Nepal

Web site visited

www. Trademap.org

www.macmap.org

www.wikipedia.com

http://www.worldsrichestcountries.com/top_mango_importers.html _

http://www.forbesindia.com/article/work-in-progress/a-pilot-project-to-increase-ups-sugarcane-

yields/36881/1

https://www.statista.com/statistics/740444/corn-yield-brazil/

https://www.mapsofindia.com/top-ten/india-crops/potato.html

www.faostat.com

www.cbs.gov.np

http://www.forbesindia.com/article/work-in-progress/a-pilot-project-to-increase-ups-sugarcane-yields/36881/1

http://www.forbesindia.com/article/work-in-progress/a-pilot-project-to-increase-ups-sugarcane-yields/36881/1

https://www.statista.com/statistics/740444/corn-yield-brazil/

https://www.mapsofindia.com/top-ten/india-crops/potato.html

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