Upload
lenguyet
View
215
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
LOGISTICS & TRANSPORTATION CHALLENGES FOR OILS & FATS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
PREPARED BY: DERRICK FRANCIS FR WARING (INTERNATIONAL) (PTY) LTD
CONTENT
PORT BY PORT ANALYSIS - MOMBASA - DAR ES SALAAM - NACALA - BEIRA - MAPUTO - DURBAN - CAPE TOWN
TANK STORAGE CHALLENGES PERIPHERAL CHALLENGES SUMMARY & CONCLUSION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
MOMBASA ANNUAL PALM IMPORT VOLUME: 550 000 (KENYA) + 200 000 (UGANDA) = 750 000 MT PER ANNUM MOMBASA TANK SPACE : 60 000 MT (PRESENT) / 90 000 MT (AFTER EXPANSION)
TANK TURN: 12.5 TIMES PER ANNUM (PRESENT)
MBARAKI BERTH – SERVES LAFARGE AND KENYA FLUORSPAR WHO ENJOY PRIORITY- PIPED TO 3 TERMINALS
MAIN PORT– PIPED FOR OILS TO 2 TANK FARMS - 9.75 M DRAFT, AT BERTHS 7 TO 10 (BERTH 9 IS 10.3M – ALMOST ENTIRELY DEDICATED TO MAGADI SODA ASH)
(SOT) – 9.75 M DRAFT – 100% PETROLEUM AND LPG EVEN THOUGH 3 VEGOIL PIPELINES, STAINLESS STEEL FOR CAUSTIC AND CHEMICALS, BUNKER BARGES ENJOY PRIORITY BERTHING
AVG 4-7 DAY BERTHING DELAY FOR VEGOIL TANKERS
SUGAR / RELIEF CARGO AND PETROLEUM ENJOY PREFERENTIAL BERTHING PRIORITY
INDIAN OCEAN PIRACY – IMPACT ON FREIGHT RATES , WAR RISK INSURANCE AND STOCK-OUTS.
KENYA NAVY TAKE AN INTEREST IN ESCORTING VESSELS FROM TIME TO TIME
LABOUR ISSUES / EQUIPMENT DOWNTIME / INEFFICIENT REVENUE AUTHORITY ARE THE MAJOR PROBLEMS
DUE TO ANTI-DUMPING MEASURES, KENYAN REVENUE AUTHORITY IMPOSED 14 DAY LIMIT ON TRANSIT CARGO, REFERRED TO AS “CUSTOMS WAREHOUSE RENT” - US$ 3 PMT PER DAY PENALTY
PORT CHARGES ARE REASONABLE COMPARED TO OTHER EAST AND SOUTH AFRICAN PORTS
RAIL / ROAD RATES ARE HIGH – MORE THAN DOUBLE THE OCEAN FREIGHT TO SOME HINTERLAND LOCATIONS
LACK OF SUFFICIENT CAPACITY IN RAIL AND ROAD LOGISTICS
ROAD TRANSPORT – NOT COILED, LIVE STEAM INTRODUCED TO SOFTEN MATERIAL (INCREASES FFA AND PV)
ROAD AND RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE AND EQUIPMENT IN A DEPLORABLE STATE
RVR (RIFT VALLEY RAILWAYS) – PRIVATIZED KENYA AND UGANDAN RAILWAYS NETWORK - HAVE BEGUN IMPROVING INFRASTRUCTURE, WILL TAKE YEARS TO SHOW IMPROVEMENT
DAR ES SALAAM
VESSELS KNOWN TO WAIT 2 TO 6 WEEKS FOR BERTHING CURRENT TANK CAPACITY – 60,000 MT FOR VEG OILS AVERAGE ANNUAL IMPORT VOLUME – 250,000 MT AVERAGE TANK TURN – 4 TIMES KOJ (KURASINI OIL JETTY) – 11 M DRAFT – 3 DOCK LINES, 183 LOA COJ (COASTAL OIL JETTY) – 7 M DRAFT, 132 LOA, 2 DOCK LINES PRIORITY BERTHING FOR PETROLEUM – CHEMICALS AND VEGOILS HAVE TO
WAIT! TENDERS AWARDED TO MAKE VARIOUS IMPROVEMENTS TO OIL JETTIIES
DURING 2012/2013 FLOW METERS FINALLY WITHDRAWN ROAD TRAFFIC CONGESTION RAIL NOT AN OPTION FOR VEGOILS MORE THAN 100% MORE EXPENSIVE THAN MOMBASA IN TERMS OF PORT
CHARGES
INDIAN OCEAN PIRACY
HAS BECOME LUCRATIVE BUSINESS
INDIAN OCEAN PIRACY
SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE PIRACY
LUXURY PIRACY CRUISES
Board our luxury cruise ships in Djibouti on the Gulf of Aden and disembark in Mombasa Kenya , seven adrenaline-charged days later. Reservations start at only $5,200 per-person and $6,900 (verandah with bench rest room)
The object of our cruise is to sail up and down the Somali Coast waiting to get hijacked by pirates!
You'll relax like never before!
...PIRATE TARGET PRACTICE !
NACALA
DEEPEST PORT IN MOZAMBIQUE ONLY ONE TANKER BERTH ALTHOUGH NOT HEAVILY
CONGESTED PORT CHARGES EXCESSIVE (HANDLING / AD VALOREM /
SCANNER / WEIGHBRIDGE) SHORTAGE OF MULTI-GRADE TANK SPACE ALTHOUGH
HAS INCREASED IN RECENT YEARS – TOTAL 9,500 MT WITHIN THE REALMS OF PIRACY AREA – HAS IMPACT ON
FREIGHT RATES RAIL AND ROAD OUTBOUND LOGISTICS AVAILABLE
ALTHOUGH RAIL PROBLEMATIC BUREAUCRACY AND RED TAPE IS A MAJOR ISSUE
BEIRA
DREDGING COMPLETED – NEW CHART DATUM IS 8 METRES
QUAY DEPTH 9.5 METRES NIGHT NAVIGATION NOT PERMITTED VEGOIL TANK SPACE – APPROXIMATELY 24,000MT ROAD AND RAIL OUTBOUND LOGISTICS
REASONABLE NO DEDICATED VEG OIL BERTH BUT PETROLEUM
DOES HAVE A DEDICATED BERTH - # 12
MAPUTO
TANK CAPACITY: 9,000 MT (MAPUTO) PLUS 4,700 MT (MATOLA)
DRAFTS IN THE CHANNEL AND BERTHS ARE REASONABLE
GOOD CONDUIT FOR TRANSIT CARGO TO SA – ALTHOUGH ROAD TRANSPORT to SOUTH AFRICA REMAINS EXPENSIVE DUE TO BORDER DELAYS / LACK OF BACK HAULS / TOLL FEES AND PORT CONGESTION
MAPUTO (BERTH 16) DRAFT OF 11 METRES
ACCOMODATES CHROME ORE / COAL AND VEGOILS
MATOLA (STEMA GRAIN) DRAFT OF 10 METRES
HANDLES VEG OILS ALTHOUGH GRAIN AND PETROLEUM ENJOY PRIORITY BERTHING
DURBAN
OCEAN TANKERS HELD TO 7 BAR PRESSURE BY TANK INSTALLATION SHORE TANKS WERE DESIGNED FOR EXPORT, NOT IMPORT SHORE LINE INFRASTRUCTURE NOT TO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS, SHORT IN NUMBER AND PUMP
CAPACITY TO HANDLE VESSEL PUMP RATE PORT AUTHORITY – LACK OF EXPERTISE IN SOME AREAS – PORT CONTROL OFFICERS / PILOTS /
TUG MASTERS / DREDGING MASTERS – 10 TO 20 YEAR WAIT FOR EXPERIENCE TO DEVELOP CLOSURE OF IV BERTHS NOT PLANNED PROPERLY – SHOULD HAVE BEEN A PHASED APPROACH -
COMLETE ONE AND CLOSE THE NEXT ONE – WILL CONTINUE TILL 2013 LACK OF MAINTENTACE PLANNING OF PORT INFRASTRUCTURE IS A SERIOUS ISSUE, BERTHS /
TUGS / ROADS / RAIL – 4 BERTHS CLOSED AT THE SAME TIME AS DEEMED UNSAFE DRAFT RESTRICTIONS ARE NOT A FAULT OF PORT AUTHORITY, RESTRICTED TO DESIGN DEPTH.
BERTHS SHOULD HAVE BEEN RE-DESIGNED YEARS AGO IN LINE WITH INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
NEW PORT ENTRANCE CHANNEL OF 14-16 METRES, YET NO BERTHS OF THAT DEPTH AVAILABLE
SHORE TANK SPACE LIMITATIONS – ONLY 120 000 CUBICS FOR VEG OILS (IV AND MW)
TANKER BUSINESS RANKS SECOND TO CONTAINER BUSINESS WHICH ENJOY PILOT PRIORITY ON BERTHING AND SAILINGS
ROAD REVAMP WILL TAKE ANOTHER 12-18 MONTHS, RAIL A NON-STARTER
ROAD TRANSPORT – BAY 2 VERY CONGESTED, NEW SLOT LOADING SYSTEM MIGHT CREATE MORE ORDER
CAPE TOWN
SHALLOW ENTRANCE CHANNEL OF 12.2 m TO 13.1 m.
BERTHS: TB1 AND TB2 - 15 M DRAFTS !
RED LINER BERTHING – IN LINE WITH INTERNATIONAL SAFETY STANDARDS – IF VESSEL DISCHARGING LOW FLASH AT TB1 AT NIGHTFALL, TB 2 CLOSED TO BERTHING AND DEPARTURES UNTIL DAYLIGHT!
SHORTAGE OF DEDICATED VEG OIL TANK SPACE
ONLY ONE SHORE LINE TO HANDLE MULTIPLE GRADES OF PALM AND SOFT OILS
HIGH INCIDENCE OF DEMURRAGE
BERTH TO TANK DISTANCE FAR – SLOW DISCHARGE RATE
OUTBOUND LOGISTICS BY ROAD ONLY – NO RAIL
TANK STORAGE
TANKS ARE GENERALLY NOT IN GOOD CONDITION, UNLESS PRIVATELY OWNED AND OPERATED
DISTINCT SHORTAGE OF TANK CAPACITY IN SOME PORTS TANK CALIBRATIONS ARE NOT ACCURATE IN SOME PORTS
SHARED LINES FOR ALL TYPES OF PRODUCTS – HIGH RISK OF CONTAMINATION
SHORTAGE OF TANK SPACE IN SOME PORTS CAUSES NEED FOR OUTLOADING DURING VESSEL DISCHARGE
SHORTAGE OF SLOP TANKS
TANKS (BEFORE)
TANKS (AFTER)
PERIPHERAL CHALLENGES
SECURITY IN SOME PORTS LEAVE ALOT TO BE DESIRED GENERAL POOR STATE OF PORT INFRASTRUCTURE NON-COMPLIANCE TO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS HIGH LEVELS OF CORRUPTION IN PORT ACTIVITIES IN
SOME SOUTH EASTERN PORTS ROAD AND RAIL OUTBOUND LOGISTICS NEED TO BE
IMPROVED BERTHS / TUGS / PORT ROADS AND ENTRANCES NOT
PROPERLY MAINTAINED BUREAUCRACY BY PORT AND CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES
SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
PUSH FOR IMPROVEMENT OF PORT INFRASTRUCTURE AND ACCOUNTABILITY BY PORT AUTHORITIES MUST BE DONE BY PORT USERS WHO MUST DEMAND SERVICE FOR THEIR WHARFAGE SPEND
PERCENTAGE BASED PORT CHARGES IN SOME PORTS (CUSTOMS BROKERAGE / AD VALOREM) MUST BE SCRAPPED!
VESSELS SPEND AS MUCH AS 40% OF THEIR TIME IN PORT – DUE TO PORT INEFFICIENCY!
PORT AUTHORITIES MUST TAKE COGNISANCE OF COMMERCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF DELAYS AND BAD INFRASTRUCTURE ON SHIP OWNERS / CHARTERERS AND RECEIVERS
EFFECTIVE COMPETITION IN CRITICAL PORT AND PRIVATE SERVICES NEEDS TO BE ADDRESSED AND ENCOURAGED
INEXPERIENCE AMONG PORT PERSONELL MUST BE ADDRESSED – BEST MAN FOR THE JOB!
RAIL TRANSPORT MUST BE REVIVED - OUTBOUND LOGISTICS NEED TO BE IMPROVED – ROAD TRANSPORT IS NOT THE ANSWER!
PORT CHARGES MUST REMAIN COMPETITIVE BY WORLD STANDARDS FOR COUNTRIES TO BE ABLE TO COMPETE IN INTERNATIONAL EXPORT TRADE
FOSFA PRACTICES NEED TO BE FOLLOWED THROUGH ON SHORE SIDE – SHORE TANKS AND ROAD TRANSPORT, HEATING, LAST CARGOES ETC
PORT WEIGHBRIDGES MUST BE CALIBRATED PROPERLY AND REGULARY
SLOW PACE OF PRIVATISATION IN PORTS (WHICH ARE SEEN AS NATIONAL / POLITICAL ASSETS) MUST BE ADDRESSED - PRIVISATION NEEDS TO HAPPEN TO IMPROVE SERVICE LEVELS!
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ODFJELL SEACHEM TOKYO MARINE RIVERSIDE TANKER CHARTERING NACALA TANK TERMINALS MANICA FREIGHT SERVICES (MOCAMBIQUE) MENTOR SHIPPING AGENCY ISLAND VIEW STORAGE (DURBAN) TRANSNET PORT AUTHORITY