OPY)I(JE If3 CPE,Il;:I-bOBEKOBHE 3EIfPKEHAPOJj,HOr MY3EJA Y EEOrPAJj,Y

MapKO AJleKCl1n, Beorpan

IIapo,J:\IIH My3Cj Y Beorpany nosajauo jc nCTHaCCT npHMCpaKa opyx]a, KOnJLa, CCKHPC, BpXOBC

CTpCJla H 60jHH HO)l{ sa CTaJlHY rtocraaxy Bojuor My3cja y Beorpany. 063HPOM na npC,J:\MCTH ripen­craan.ajy cnysajue nanase ca TCPHTOPHjC Cp6HjC KOjH cy Ha6aBJLCHH OTKynoM HC nocroje nO,J:\aUH 0ycnosaaa uanasa na je y pany O,J:\pCnCHa ILHXOBa THnOnOWKO-XpOHOnOWKa npHna,J:\HOCT. CBH 06­panCIIH npC,J:\MCTH, H3Y3CB fiojnur 1I0)l{a npnnanajy CPC,J:\IbCM BCKy ,J:\OK je 60jHH 110)1{ onpC,J:\CJbCH xaonco MaTcpHjanllc xyrrrype Kerrra,

Kn.y-nre pe-m: opyscje, Cpfiuja, CPC,[\ILH BCK.

HapO)J,HI1 My3ej y Beorpany n03ajMl10 je 1961. roznme rpyny npertuera 113Cpeiuseuexosae 36l1pKe aa norpefie CTaJIHe nOCTaBKe BOjHOM My3ejy y Beorpany.Pa,U11 ce 0 neruaecr npiraepaxa opyxja KOjl1 cy 113JIO)l(eHI1 y CaJIl1 6p. 6 CTaJIHerrOCTaBKe Bojnor My3eja OBy rpyny npeaaera ~I1He rpn xonrsa, xerupa cexnpe,cenan spxoaa CTpeJIa 11 jenan HO)l(,1 CBI1 OBI1 npe,UMeTI1 npencraan.ajy cnysajaeHaJIa3e nperexoro ca reparopnje Cpfinje I1 )J,ocneJII1 cy y My3ej nyrea orxyna11.3y3eTaK npencraarsa cexnpa (KaT. 6p. 6) I1 BpX CTpeJIe (KaT. 6p. 12) sa xoje Henocroje nonaun 0 MecTy HaJIa3a. Taxohe, sa CBa rpa xonrsa (KaT. 6p. 1-3) I1 jennycexnpy (KaT. 6p. 5) nocroje nO)J,aUI1 na nOTI1~y 113 ,ll.YHaB~ MeljyTI1M orxynrsenncy y Beorpany na ce sa l-bI1X MO)l(e caxto npeTnOCTaBl1TI1 )J,a cy ca Hallie reprrropnje.063l1pOM na Hl1je)J,aH npenster nuje OTKpl1BeH TOKOM CI1CTeMaTCKI1X I1CKOIIaBal-b~

O,UHOCHO na He nOTI1~e 113 saraopene apxeonourxe ueJII1He npexre l-bI1XOBe npo­113BO)J,l-be I1 ynorpetie Moryhe je O)J,pe,UI1TI1 caMO na OCHOBy 06JIl1Ka I1 rnnonouncenpl1na.n.HOCTI1.

1Ha penepcaua 0 n03ajMHUH OBHX npC,J:\MCTa HaBO,J:\H CC jow jC,J:\HO KOnJbC 6C3 mmearapcsor- 6poja.Ilpnrmxou orsapan.a BHTpHHCy BOjHoM My3cjy Y KOjOj CC nanase CBH HaBc,J:\cHH npenaern ycraaonanocc ,J:\a je 'lCTBpTO KOnJbC aanpaso xonaja, 0 OBOM KOnJbY 6C3 HHBcHTapcKor 6poja HC nocroje HHKaKBH,J:\pyrH nO,J:\aUH Y ,J:\OKYMCHTaUHjaMa Hapozuror H Bojnor My3cja. Korutja no CBOM o6nHKy H ,J:\HMCH3HjaManpnnana rnny (!JpaHa'lKOr KOnJLaca KpHnUHMa.

rnaCHHK Cpncxor apxeonotuxor ,J:\pYWTBa / Journal of the Serbian Archaeological Society17 (2001) 195-216.

rCNJ/JSAS 17 (ZOO 1) TIPI1JI03H. l'!3 apXeOJIOIlIKHX 36HpKl1

Y OBOM party npenaera cy KaTaJIOlllKI1 06pal)eHI1, a I-bI1XOBa Tl1nOJIOlllKa ana­

JIl13a 113BpllleHa je y caMOM rexcry. TIpe):(MeTI1 cy y KaTaJIOry, rexcry 11 na Ta6JIaMa

pa3BpCTaHl1 no BpCTI1 opyzcja; xonrsa, cexnpe, BpXOBI1 CTpeJIa 11 HO)K.2

3aXBaJbyjeM ce KYCTOCy Haponnor My3eja AJIeKcaH):(pl1 HI1Tl1h xoja MI1 je

rsyfiasuo ycrynana MaTepl1jaJI, xao 11 apxeoriory Mnpxy TIeKOBl1hy 113 BojuorMy3eja ua noaoha npl1JII1KOM xopmuheaa MaTepl1jaJI3.

KOTIJbA

Konn.e je Han3):(HO 60):(HO opyxje na MOTKI1 xoje ce cacrojn 0):( MeTaJIHOr spxa(60):(I1JI) 11 npaeaor KOnJbI1IllT3. Bpx ce cacrojn 0):( CelJ.I1Ba 11 rynua ):(OK ce ca non,e

crpane KOnJbI1111Ta lJ.eCTO HaJIa3110 MeTaJIHI1 OKOB xoaycaor 06JIl1Ka nosrohy xora

ce xonn.e 3a63):(aJIo y 3eMJbY.

Konrse 113Bal)eHo 113 ,l(yHaBa (KaT. 6p. 1, CJI. 1/2) no 06JIl1Ky npnnana BeOMa

qeCTOM rnny ca ):(eJITOl1):(HI1M CeQI1BOM. Konrsa ca OBaKO 06JIl1KOBaHl1M CeQI1BOM

KOpl1CTI1JIa cy ce jour y MI1KeHcKoj rpQKoj,3 KO):( Erpypaua" xao 11 y PI1MCKOM

naopyxarsy.> Y sananaoj EBpOnl1 OHa cy y yncrpefin Kp03 lJ.I1TaB cpemsa BeK,6 a

I1CTO ce MO)Ke pehn 11 aa OCTaJIe ):(eJIOBe KOHTI1HeHT3.7 TIo cPOPMI1 11 ):(I1MeH3I1jaMa,

xonn.e 113 ,l(yHaBa je Haj6JII1)Ke cpe):(l-beBeKOBHI1M npI1Mepu,I1M3. Kao ananorujeMory ce HaBeCTI1 ):(Ba xonna 113 OKOJII1He ,l(ol-ber MI1JIaHOBu;a xoja cy ):(aTOBaHa y

XIV-XV BeK,8 npavepax 113 OKOJII1He Iloxapesna (XIV-XVI BeK)9 11 HaJIa3 113

Ja6JIaHu,a KO):( Cena (raxohe XIV-XVI BeK).lO Konrsa ca ):(eJITOI1):(HI1M 06JIl1KOM

ce-nma 11 TyJIu;eM QeCTO cy npnxaaaaa 11 na aaurea cpemseeexoaaov cPpecKo

CJII1KapcTBy.ll Na OCHOBy CJII1QHOCTI1 ca HaJIa3l1Ma xonarsa xoja cy ):(aTOBaHa 0):(

2063HPOM Lla cy BpXOBH crpena npaxapurbeaa sa LlPBelle xornrje 'rena crpena HHje 6HJlO MoryneH3paLlHTH I-hHXOBe upresce, 360r 'rora cy cauo H3MepeHe LlHMeH3Hje, a I..\pTe>KH cy npeysera H3 LlOKy­MeHTal..\Hje Haponuor My3eja.

3E. Cuq, s.v. hasta, y Ch. Daremberg, M. E. Saglio, Dictionaire desAntiquites Grecques etRomaine, III/I,Paris 1896,34, fig. 3717.

411cTo , 38, fig. 3726.

5M. C. Bishop and C. N. Coulston, Roman Milluary Equipment,- Fromthe Punic Wars to the fall ofRome,London 1993, 124, fig. 84/10.

6W. Boeheim, Handbuch der Waffenkunde, Lepzig 1890,308, 314, fig. 146, 149, 172, 360, 363, 365.

7A. Ruttkay, Waffen und Reiterausriistung des9. biszur ersten halfte des14.Jahrhunderts in der SiowakeiII, Slovenska Archeologia 24/2, (Bratislava) (1976) 301, Abb. 36. (THn 4a). A. H. KHpnwIHHKoB H A. <D.Mensenes, Boopyxeaae, y Ilpesns» Pyc, ropou, 30MOK, ceJIO, Mocxsa 1985,308, Ta6J1Hl..\a 125, 126 (THnIII)

8A. Lalovic, Srednjovekovno oruzje iz Narodnog muzeja u Zajecaru i Zavicajnog muzeja u Knjazevcu,Zbomik radovaMuzeja rudarstva i metalurgije 2 (1982) 69, K.6p.12; T. 1/12.

9n. Flon-Jlasuh, Karanor CpeLlI-hOBeKOBHor opyscja y I1cToPHjcKoM MY3ejy Cpfiaje, 360PHUK HCTo­pujcxor uyse]« Cptiuje 20 (1983) 187, K. 6p. 14; .n. MHJlOBaHoBHh, YMemU'lKa otipsu« uenneueuutusMeTaJIB HB TJIyCptiuje, EeorpaLl1985-1986, 140, K.6p. 358.

10M. Sercer, Staroorulje na motki, katalogmuzejskinzbirkiVII, Zagreb 1972, 91, k. br. 260, T. 29.

11I', Illxpaaaaah, Opyx]» y opeunoeesoeuo] Cptiuju; hOCHU U J(y6pOBllUKY, EeorpaLl1957, 79, CJI.

38-40.

196

M. Anexcnh Opyxcje 113 Cpe.zUbOBeKOBHe 36l1pKe HapOJlHOr My3eja y Beorpany

XIV .LJ,O XVI croneha 11 npavepas H.3 )l,yHaBa ce BpeMeHCKH. MO)Ke onpe.LJ,eJIH.TH. yOBO pa3A06Jbe.

BH.TKO xonrse ca KaT. 6pojeM 3 (CJI. 1/3a, 3b) raxohe npencrasna crrysajaa nanaa113 )l,yHaBa. BI1TKa nI1CTOJIH.Ka xonna ca aarnaineaaa rpe6eHOM no CpeAH.HI1cexaaa KapaKTepH.CTH.qHa cy sa KenTCKO uaopyzcau.e. KenTCKH. paTHH.K je KOpH.CTH.Oje.LJ,HO BeJIH.KO xonrse AY)KI1He 30-80 em H. je.LJ,HO AO ABa Mal-ba xonrsa AY)KI1He60.LJ,H.na .LJ,O 30 cm)2 no 06nH.KY 60.LJ,H.JIa, npasrepxy H.3 )l,yHaBa Haj6JII1)1(H 611 6HJII1TH.nOBH. II/A i IV /A KeJITCKH.X KOnaJba.13 Y npsov crryxajy pamr ce 0 KOnJbI1Maca BH.TKH.M CeqH.BOM H. Y3.LJ,y)KHI1M rpefeaosr rpcyrnacror npecexa.l" .LJ,OK xonrsaIV /A rima I1Majy rpefieu -rerspracror npecexa P Mel)YTI1M, OCH.M 1llTO ce OAnpuvepxa H.3 )l,yHaBa pa3JIH.KYjy no 06nH.Ky npecexa Y3.LJ.Y)KHOr rpefieua, KeJITCKaxonrsa HeMajy HI1 3a06JbeH xopea cesasa xao 1llTO je TO crryxaj KO.LJ, xonrsa H.3,l],yHaBa. BH.TKa JIH.CTOnH.Ka xonrsa ca Cpe.LJ,H.IlII-bH.M rpe6eHOM serapracrcr npecexaaanpxana cy ce y ynorpefia y Ha1llH.M xpajeaaxa 11 aa spesre PH.MJbaHa.16

Hajfirnoxe ananoraje OBOM nanaay 113 )l,yHaBa MOry ce naha Mel)y cpemso­BeKOBHH.M npH.MepIJ,I1Ma. no 06nH.Ky 11 .LJ,H.MeH3H.jaMa HajCJIWlHl1jH. je CJI~ajaH

aanaa 113 OKOnH.He Iloxapesua KOjH. na AOl-beM AeJIy rynua raxohe H.Ma yxpac yBH..LJ,y napanernnrx npcTeHaCTH.X ypesa '? Y oaaj TH.n xonarsa cnanajy uanaan H.3Cane KOA )l,y60qIJ,a,18 11 npl1MepIJ,I1 ca aenoaaaror aanasaurra 113 Haponaor MY3ejay Bajeaapyl? H. HapO.LJ,HOr My3eja y KpY1lleBIJ,y20 xoja cy .LJ,aTOBaHa y XIV-XVOAHOCHO XV cro.nehe. Ha oCHOBy H.3HeCeHH.X aaanornja xonrse 113 )l,yHaBa (K. 6p.3) npnnanano 611 enoxn cpemser sexa, a no 06nH.Ky 11 AI1MeH311jaMa Haj6JII1)Ke jeaanaamsa .LJ,aTOBaHH.M y XIV- XV croriehe.

Konrse ca BH.TKH.M CeqH.BOM serapracror npecexa (KaT. 6p. 2, crt, 1/1) npen­CTaBJba cnysajan nanaa H.3 )l,yHaBa. BH.TKa xonrsa xerapracror npecexa ca TynIJ,eM

12J. Todorovic, Prilog klasifikaciji i hronoloskoj determinaciji keltskih kopalja, Vesnik Vojnog muzeja 10(1968) 197,202.

13Hero, 198, T. II (Tafiena ca THIIOBliMa KeJlTCKHX xonan.a).

14J. Todorovic, Keltiu jugoistocno] Evropi, Beograd 1968,70, T. VIlIS, T. XXVIlI/4-7.

15Hcto , 70, 71, T. III/I, TXUI/2.

16Il. MHJlOWeBlih, Haopyscau.e Ii onpeaa y .uo6a ocsajau.a Ii KOHCOJlH.uaUHje .uOJlHHe Case, y O.Bpyxnep, B. Ll.aYToBa-PyweBJbaHHH H H. MHJlOWeBHh, Iloueuu pouenuseuu]» y jyrouctonnou /l.eJIYnposuuunjc Ilsuottuje, HOBH Cart 1987, 17, 18, KaT. 6p. 13, 14, T. 1/3,4.

17 6'Il. Ilon-Jlaaah, Hall ueno, 188, KaT. p. 17; HCTH, Opyteje U ottpeu« cpennosesoeuor pal1JUKa yCptiu]«, Kpan.eso 1996, 4, KaT. 6p. 17; Hcru, Opy)l(je 11 onpeus cpeunosexoennx petnus« y Cptiuju,3aje'Jap 1997, 2, KaT. 6p. 17; LI.. MHJlOBaHoBHh, Hall ueno, 160, KaT. 6p. 416. (xonn.e je nyrasxo 24,9 em H.uaTOBaIlO y XV-XVI cro.nehe).

18 M. Sereer, Hall iieno, 94, K.6p. 277, T. 30; xonn,e je nyrasxo 46 em H .uaTOBaHO je y XVII BeK. Konrseca Hen0311aTor HaJJa3HWTa H3Iloaujecnor My3ejaXpsarcxe y 3arpe6y, ayropxa je .uaTOBaJJa y XVIII (?)BCK Ma.ua H no 06JlHKY H uo .uHMeIBHjaMa (.uY>KHHa 79 em) onrosapa KeJlTCKHM KOnJbHMa H TO rany IlIA(BH.uCTH Han. 6p. 13); M. Sereer, HaJJ. ueno, 94, 95, KaT. 6p. 278, T. 32.

19 A Lalovic, llav. de/o, 70, KaT. 6p. 7, T. In; xonn.e je nyrasxo 44,5 em.

20LI.. MHJlOBaHoBHh, HaJJ. ueno, 145, KaT. 6p. 373; KOnJbC je nyrasxo 24,5 em.

197

rCA,LVJSAS 17 (2001) I1PI1JI0311. 113 apXeOJIOIIIKI1X 3611PKI1

611JIa cy y ynorpefin y pl1MCKOj BOjCI.J,11 on nofia peny6JII1Ke.21 Ca naure repnropaje,no cTapOCTI1 npencrasrsa je.n.I1HcTBeH HaJIaJ xonrse ca reoaneaononcxe HeKpOnOJIe

y CaHcKOM MOCTy xoja je narosaua on OKO 500. no OKO 300. ronaue n.H.e.22 TOKOM

cpezuser sexa, osaj rnn xonarsa 6110 je y ynorpefia y I1cTOlfHOj Esponu rne je

CTl1raO nocpencraov B113aHTl1je.23 Konrsa ca KOnJbI1I11TeM .n.Y)l(I1He 70-80 em H

rB03.n.eHI1M BpXOM rpofipanaor I1JIH QeTBOp06pl1.ll.HOr 06JII1Ka y cpemsev nexy cy

ce HaJl1BaJIa rasaJIOTI1, a KOpl1CTI1JIa cy ce nperescao y aananuoer nerry Mernrrep­ana KaKO na xonay TaKO 11 na 6po.n.OBI1Ma24 0 ynorpefia raBaJIOTa y HaWHM

xpajeaasra caxyaaa je jenan nonarax y .n.y6poBalfKOM apxnsy 113 1349. ro.n.I1He.25

Ha nauroj repirropajn naa xonrsa ca Celfl1BOM sernpracror npecexa nponaheaa cy

aa JIOKaJIHTeTI1Ma y OKOJIHHI1 PeKOBu.a, jyroacro-mo on Kparyjesua, OHa I1Majy

npCTeHaCTO npounrpen,e ncnon cexnaa 11narosaaa cy y XVI-XVII,26 O.n.HOCHOXV

cronehe.F OBOM rnny xonarsa BepOBaTHO npnnana 11 HaJIa3 113 OKOJII1He ,ll,y6paBI1u.e

KO.n. CMe.n.epeBa28 TIo 06JII1KY najcna-maje xonn.e HaJIa3Y 113 ,ll,yHaBa npencraan,anpauepas nponahea y Byrapcxoj, na JIOKaJIl1TeTY TIepHI1K.29 06JII1KOM 11 .n.11­

MeH311jaMa xonrse 113 ,ll,yHasa 6JII1CKO je HaJIaJy XV aexa ca JIOKaJIl1TeTa JepHHI1H

I'paa KO.n. PeKOBI.J,a,30 aJIl1 je noumje aspane 11 CJIHlfHl1je je HeWTO crapnjevnpmiepxy 113 TIepHI1Ka 06311pOM aa OBe oc0611He xao 11 ncropajcxe nonarxe 0

21M. C. Bishop, C. N. Coulston, WUJ. neno, 52, Fig. 22/1, 6; naa xonrsa ca JIOK,IJIHTeTa Hyaairrna(Numantia), ,uy>KHHa 27 em O,uHOCHO 23,3 em; V. Hoffiler, Oprema rimskog vojnika u prvo doba earstva,VjesnikHrvatskogarheoloskogdruStva 12 (1912) 96, sl. 34; B.CaBHHoBa, Opyxcje H3pHMCKe 36HpKeHapozmorMy3eja y Eeorpany, 36opHJ-fK ptuioee Hsponuor My3eja 16-1 (1996) 260, T. 11/7.

22F. Fiala, Das Flachgraberfeld und die Prahistorisehe Ansiedlung in Sanskimost, WissenschaftlicheMittheilungen aus Bosnien und die Hercegovina VI, Wien 1899,81, Fig. 73. P. Bacnh, Jenne KOnJLC H3CaucxorMocra: I1HnyM HnH CHrHHa, FJlaCHI1K Cpttcsor npxeonotusorupyturss 12 (1996) 45, 46.

23A Ruttkay, liaR. ueno. 302,303, Abb.36 (THn VI). 0 KOnJbHMa osor rnna y Pycuja xoja ce OKBHpllOnaryjy o,uX no XVII aexa, A. H. KHpnH'JHHKOB, A. <1>. Mensenea, liaR. ueno; 309, Tatinaua 125,126 (THnV).

24D. Petrovic, Dubrovacko oruije u XIV veku, Beograd 1976,49, 50.

25Monumenta Ragusina II, JAZU, Zagreb 1879-1897, 79; npeyser l\HTaTH3: D. Petrovic, HaR. ,aCJlO, 48, H.

11.

26S. Vetnic, Medieval Weapons and Implements Deriving from the Middle Morava Bassin, Balcanoslavica10 (1983) 140, KaT. 6p. 13, PI. 11/20; xcnn,e je nyrasxo 38 em.

27Hero, 140, KaT. 6p. 14, PI.II/21; xonrse no'nrse ca nOK3J1HTeTa JepHHHIl Fpan KO,u cena Cexypirs Hnyraxxo je 32 em.

28Konrse HMa Ce'lHBO sernpracror npecexa, nyraxxo je 28,5 em, a ,uaTOBaIlO je onXIV ,uo XVI nexa,CnHKa HnHupresc HHCy ny6nHKoBalIH na MH je H,erOB o6nHK n03HaTcauo npexo orurca npenxera 11. BonJIa3Hh, KaT3J10r cpena.oaerosuor- opyacja y HCTopHjcKoMMy3ejy Cpfiaje, 360pmfK Hcropujcsor uysejeCptiu]e 20 (1983) 187, KaT. 6p. 11; Hera, Opys«]« 11 onpeus Cpe,albOBeKOBllI1X psruuxe y Cptiuju, 3aje'lap1997,2, KaT. 6p. 11; HCTH, Opyscje 11 onpeMa cpennoeexosuor petttuse y Cp6l1jl1, Kparseso 1996-1997,3, KaT. 6p. 11.

29H. 4aHroBa, I1epHHK, TOM III (xpenocra I1epHHK VIII-XIV B.), CO<jlH5I 1992,171, en. 154/2; Konn.e

HMaHenpaBHJIHO o6nHKoBaHnpcren H3Meljy cesxaa H rynua, ~HMeH3HjeHHCy ofijaan.ene, a xortrse IIHjenpeuasuaje ,uaTOBaHO.

30BH,u. Han. 6p. 27.

198

M. Anexcnh Opyzcje M3 Cpe,rUbOBeKOBHe 36MpKe Hapozntor MY3eja y Beorpany

ynorpefia osor rima xonrsa y ,ll,y6pOBHI1KY cpenanoa XIV sexa, npavepax 113

,ll,yHaBa ce MOJKe npeuaaanje BpeMeHCKI1 onpe):(eJII1TI1 y XIV BeK.

CEKHPE

OHe cy npennera MaTepl1jaJIHe xyrrrype KOjl1 ce Mory CBpCTaTI1 11 y opyhe 11

y opyzcje, 3a nexe Tl1nOBe ce, na OCHOBy I-hI1XOBOr 06JII1Ka, MOJKe o,npe):(I1TI1 nanoysnano cnanajy y 60jHe cexupe ,nOK sa npyre TO nnje carypao l1aKO ce CBaKa

cexnpa Morna ynoTpe611TI1 11 y 60p611. Bojna cexnpa cnana y nanamro cexao 11

ynapno opyxje aa MOTKI1. Cacrojn ce 113 cexane, o llITpHIJ,e, ynnma, 3aTI1JhKa 11

CeKl1pl1WTa (npzcarsa).

Cexnpa (KaT. 6p. 4, CJI. 1/4) npencraarsa cnyxajaa HaJIa3 113OKOJII1He )l(ary611u,e,

cesepoaananno on Bopa, OBaKaB 06nl1K cexnpa jaarsa ce y Wl1pOKOM BpeMeHcKOM

pa3,n06JhY na je I-hI1XOBO npemnnaje narosarse OTeJKaHo.31 TIo KBaJIl1TeTY napane,06JII1Ky 11):(I1MeH3I1jaMa, cexnpa 113 )l(ary611u,e CJII1'tfHa je HaJIa3I1Ma ca CJIOBeHCKI1X

HaJIaJl1WTa paaor cpernser nexa OBaKBe cexnpe nahene cy na JIOKaJIHTeTI1Ma y

Heurxoj 11 CJIOBa'tfKoj BeJII1KOMOpaBCKor paJ,n06Jha,32 I1Ma I1X y CnOBeHl1jl1,33 Py­Cl1jl1,34 xao 11 y CTapoxpBaTCKI1M HeKpOnOJIaMa35 0):( ,noMahl1x HaJIaJa Haj6JII1JKy

ananornjy npencraarsa cexnpa ca JIOKaJIl1TeTa Pyrnoie-nonrpahe cpenaeaexoauorBpann-reaa36 ,ll,Be cexnpe osor rnna nOTI1'iy ca nOKaJIl1TeTa Kneisap - J apyre KO):(

cena CI10KoBau" OKOJII1Ha Jaro):(I1He.37 Ha JIOKaJIl1TeTY Xncap-I'opn.a rpan y Ilpo­xynrsy raxohe je OTKpl1BeHa cexnpa osor 06JII1Ka,38 a I1CTOM nmy npananajy 11

HaJIa311 113rOJIynu,a,39 lJe'tfaHa 40 11 Canaje na ,ll,yHaBy41 xao 11npl1Mepu,11113 Hapon­acr My3eja y KI1KI1H):(11 11 Myseja rpana Beorpana42 Ha OCHOBy 113HeCeHI1X npaae-

31r. Illxpaaaunh, nse ueno, 97; B. Dostal, H8a .aeJlo,72.32

B. Dostal, nee: neno, 72, CJl. 15/13, 14 (THn V); nocefiuo npaxepax, T. LXXVl/19.

33P. Korosec, Zgodnjesrednjeveska arheoloska sllka karantanskin Slovanov, Ljubljana 1979, 246, 247, CJl.33/2.

34A. H. KHpnH':IHHKOB H A. <1>. Me,I\BC,I\eB, Ha& ueno, 310, Tafirnrua 127/19, 20,21 (THn V).

35J. Belosevic, Materijalna kulturaHrvata od 7. do 9. stoljeca, Zagreb 1980, 102, 103, T. XXXVIII, nocefiuocexnpa ca JlOKaJIHTeTa EHcKynHja-UpKBHHa KO,I\ KHHHa,T.XXXVIII/5.

36M. Ilononah H B. I1BaHHweBHh,I'pan EpaIlH'ICBO y cpe,I\H:.eM sexy, Crsputtsp 39 (1988) 140, 141, CJl.

12/3; cexnpa je aaheaa y cnojy XII - npse neuenaje XIII BCKa H ,I\yra'lKa je 14 em.

37S.Vetnic, 1Ia& .aCJlO, 141, PI. III/I, 2; CCKHpe cy nyraxxe 17,5, O,I\HOCHO 18 em, npencrasrsajy cnysaiaeHaJIa3e H ,I\aTOBaHe cy y X-XI cro.nene,

381. Ky3MaHoBHh,ApXeOJlOUIKa HCrpa)KHBaJlXl Xucaps, Flpoxynrse 1984, 21, KaT. Gp.36.

39n. Ilon JIa3Hh, KaTaJIOr cpezusoaesoauor opyscja y I1cTOPHjcKOM My3ejy Cptia]e, 360PHHK Hct­opujcxor uyse]« Cp6ujc20 (1983) 189, KaT. GP.12 (CCKHpaje,I\aTOBaHa yXV-XVI BeK).,u.MHJlOBaHoBHb,1Ia& ueno; 101, KaT.Gp. 239.

40,u. MHJlOBaHOBHh, 1Iaa neno, 101, KaT. fip, 240; OBycexnpy xao HOHY H3I'orrynua (BH,I\eTH npe,I\Xo,I\HY

nanoueuy) ayrop naryje y XIV BeK H onpenen.y]e HXxao ,I\pBO,I\eJbCKe cexnpe,

41C. Bapasxa, ApXeOJlOUIKO HaJIa3HUITe118 .ayHaBCKOj MU xpej Crape []aJIaHKe, Bpurau 1995, 35, K.fip, 104; M. EpMGOJlHh, Cpeuu.esexosne opy!)a 0.0. rBo)K/)a y BOjBO.aHHU, naH'IeBO 2000, 90, K. Gp. 87, T.XVI/87; cexapa je ,I\aTOBaHa y XII HXIV BeK.

42r. Illxpaaaunh, HBa ueno, 97, CJl. 53/5.

199

rCA,D/JSAS 17 (200 1) IlPI1Jl0311. 113 apXCOJlOllIKI1X 3611PKI1

pa, MO)l(e ce 3aKJbY1.JI1TI1,lJ.aje cexnpa 113 )l(ary611I~e no CBOM 06JII1Ky 6JII1CKa HaJIa3l1­

Ma IX-XIII crorreha, aJIl1 11npl1MepUI1Ma 113 noaaor cpemser nexa III1Tal-be HaMeHe

OBe cexnpe, O,lJ.HOCHO zra JII1 ce p3Jl:11 0 60jHOj cexupn I1JII1 He, ocraje 6e3 carypuoronrosopa, 113BeCHO je na ce OHa MOrJIa KOPI1CTI1TI1 11 xao opyhe 11 xao opyxje.

Cexapa ca KaTaJIOUlKI1M 6pojeM 5 (CJI. 2/1) npencraarsa cnyxajan HaJIa3 113

.LJ:yHaBa 11 I1Ma ,lJ.OHeKJIe CJIl1"'1aH 06JII1K xao npe,lJ.XO,lJ.HI1 npaxepax. Pa3JII1Kyje ce

no 06JII1Ky cesaue 1.Jl1ja je nona crpaaa JIy1.JHO npo<pI1JII1CaHa. OBaKaB 06JII1K

cexnpe Morao 611 onrosaparu Cpe,lJ.l-beBeKOBHI1M npl1MepUI1Ma, a sao ,lJ.OHeKJIe 6JII1­

CKa aaanoraja MO)l(e ce HaBeCTI1 HaJIa3 113 OKOJII1He nep,lJ.ana ,lJ.aTOBaH y BpeMeHCKO

pasnofirse O,lJ. XIV ,lJ.O XVI nexa43

Cexnpa ca aenoaaaror HaJIa311UlTa (KaT. 6p. 6, CJI. 2/2) I1Ma JIy1.JHO 06JII1KOBaHy

,lJ.OI-bY I1BI1UY cexaue. .LJ:ol-ba MBl1ua ce-uuie je raxohe JIy1.JHO np0<pI1JII1CaHa TaKO nacexapa I1Ma KapaKTepl1CTI11.JaH 06JII1K. OBaKBy <pOpMy noieer nerra cexnpe I1Majy 11

nsa, Mel)yco6Ho roTOBO l1,lJ.eHTI11.JHa HaJIa3a 113 OKOJII1He l..{a1.JKa ,lJ.aTOBaHa y XV,

O,lJ.HOCHO XVI BeK.44 OBI1 npmrepnn cy fioraro yxpaureaa JII1HeapHI1M reouer­Pl1jcKI1M MOTI1BI1Ma, ,lJ.OK ce yunme nacrasrsajy y 3aTI1JbaK 113pa3I1TO xexnhacror06JII1Ka. Taxo 06JII1KOBaH 3aTI1JbaK je ovoryhanao na ce ynapun sanajy 11 npyrovcrpaaosr cexnpe, a I1cTy yrrory I1MaJIO je l11.JeTBpTacTo ojaxan,e na 3aTI1JbKY cexnpeca KaTaJIOWKI1M 6pojeM 6. l..{eTBpTacTo ojaxaa,e na 3aTI1JbKY I1Ma 11 npauepax ca

uenoaaaror HaJIa3I1UlTa 113 Ilosajecaor My3eja XpBaTCKe y 3arpe6y xoja je ,lJ.aTOBa­

aa y XVII BeK.45 OHa npnnana I1CTOM rnny l1aKO joj je norsa I1Bl1ua ce-nmaHe3HaTHO JIy1.JHO npo<pI1JII1CaHa. OBOM rnny cexapa npnnanajy 11HaJIa3 113OKOJII1He

Y)l(I1ua46 11 JOUl jenna cexnpa 6e3 noaaaror MeCTa HaJIa3a 113 Iloaajecnor My3eja

XpBaTCKe y 3arpe6y.47 OHe raxohe I1Majy tIeTBpTaCTO ojaxaa.e na 3aTI1JbKY, a

Pa3JII1Kyjy ce O,lJ. cexnpe 113 HapO,lJ.HOr My3eja no 06JII1Ky ce-nme xoja je BI1We

noanjena 11 no TOMe UlTO cy 60raTO yxpanreae JII1HeapHI1M opHaMeHTI1Ma.48 OBa­

KaB run cexnpe HaCJII1KaH je 11na JII1KOBHOj npencraaa pycxor paTHI1Ka 113 noaaorcperneer sexa,49 Ha OCHOBy tIl1l-beHI1u.e na cy OBaKBe cexape tIeCTO yxpaurene, xao11 aa OCHOBy 06JII1Ka 11 <pyHKUl1je 3aTI1JbKa MO)l\e ce 3aKJbYtII1TI1 na ce Pa,LJ.11 0 rnny

43Jb. Ancxcah, n. Ilerpoaah H n. non Jlasuh, Opy)l(jc U onpeus CPCP/-bOBCKOBHorparnUKa y Cptiu]u,Eeorpan 1988,T. VI; n. non Jlasah, Opys«]« U onpeus CPCP/-bOBCKOBHor patuus« y Cptiuju, KaTaJlOI'H3J10)l{6e, Kparseeo 1996-1997,5, KaT. 6p. 8 (CJlHKe HeMajy nOTnHCnaje npenaer npenosnar na OCHOByonnca).

44n . 6psa cexupa je nyrasxa 17,5 em, a npyra 17,3 em; ll. MHJlOBaHoBHh, fUm. peJIO, 144, 173, KaT. p.370,453.

45M. Sereer, llaB. neno, 63, KaT. Gp. 142, T.16; cexupa je nyrasxa 18,5 em.

46ll. MHJlOBaHoBHh, llaB. peJIO, 207, KaT. 6p. 556; cexapa je .L\aTOBaHa y XVII-XVIII cronehe .L\OK joj.L\y)l{HHa H3HOCH 16,7 em.

47M. Sereer, 118B. peJIO, 65, KaT. 6p. 149, T.t7; cexapa je nyrasxa 18 em H .L\aTOBaHa je y XVIII BeK.

4806e cexape HMajy JlHHeapHH apancxn npenner H3Be.L\eH TaywHpaHoM cpefipnosr )I{HUOM.

49A. Demmin, Kriegswaffen in ihrengeschihtlichen Entwickelungen II, Wiesbaden, 102, 460; npeysero H3KHoHI'e: Paratzki und Bellusow, Kleidung und Bewaffnung desrussischen Heres vom 14. bis 17. Jahrhundert.Cexnpa je yxpaureua MOTHBHMa ynncanor- xpyra,

200

M. Anexcah Opyzcje H3 CpeWbOBeKOBHe 36HpKe Hap0,lVIOr My3eja y Beorpany

60jHe cexnpe. H y JUiKOBHI1M 113BOpl1Ma OHa je npencraarseaa xao neo aaopyxaa,apaTHI1Ka Cexnpe OBaKBor 06JII1Ka najpaanje ce naryjy y XV BeK, a y ynorpetincy no XVIII sexa MJIal)11 npuacpna cy I1CTO'il-ba'iKOr nopexna, a xapaxrepnure

I1X 60raT JII1HeapHI1 yxpac 11 nosnjena cesaua Cexnpa 113 Haponaor My3eja neva

OBe ocofinne na ce 360r rora MO)l(e ,llaTOBaTI1 y paanofirse XV-XVI sexa,

Cexnpa nponahena y Cvenepeay (KaT. 6p. 7, CJI. 2/3) narmaja ce KaKO no

KapaKTepI1CTI1'iHOM 06JII1Ky TaKO 11 no cBojl1M ,llI1MeH311jaMa 06311pOM na cnana

Mel)y najsehe cexnpe oTKpI1BeHe xon Hac. 360r BeJII1'iI1He 11 Te)l(I1He Ce'iI1Ba 11

cesnue, 11 yunute cy nyraxxe KaKO 611 cexnpa 60Jbe nexcana na ceKl1pl1111TY. TIo

BI1TKOM 06JII1Ky ce-nme 11 111l1pOKOM, noaujeuov Ce'iI1By xrsynacror 06JII1Ka HaJIa3

113 Csrenepeaa je 6JII13aK npl1MepUI1Ma oeor 06JII1Ka xoje I1Majy porn-acre yuntue11 HarJIaWeH 'ieKl1haCTI1 3aTI1JbaK. OHe npencraarsajy peJIaTI1BHO seer rnn cpemso­BeKOBHI1X 60jHI1X cexnpa 11 naryjy ce OKBl1pHO on IX no XIV aexa, na 11 KacHl1je.50

OHe cy nanaxeae 11 xon Hac, y OKOJII1HI1 TIl1pOTa,51 nep,llana, 52 Kparyjesua 11

Eeorpa,lla53 11 ziaryjy ce neurro xacnaje, on XIV no XVI BeKa54 OCI1M no 06JII1Ky

yunma 11 3aTI1JbKa, cexnpa 113 Cxrenepeaa ce pa3JII1Kyje on IDI1X 11 no ,llBOCTpyKO

Behl1M ,llI1MeH311jaMa Ii3Y3eTaK npencrasna cexnpa 113 Ilonropua xon Bopa xoja

ce ,llI1MeH311jaMa npl16JII1)1(aBa npl1MepKY 113 Csrenepeea,55 HaJIa3Y 113 Cuenepeuano 06JII1Ky je Haj6JII1)1(a cexnpa xoja je OTKpl1BeHa raxohe y Cxrenepeay 11 xoja je

narosaaa y XIV-XVI BeK.56 OHa I1Ma Ce'iI1BO 11 ce'iI1UY I1CTor 06JII1Ka xao 11

npaxiepax 113 3611pKe Haponuor My3eja y Beorpany, a on IDe ce pa3JII1Kyje no

,llI1MeH311jaMa 11 06JII1Ky yunma xoje cy nocra xpahe 11 neurro 111l1pe.57 Cexapauahena sajenao ca npenxcnaov I1Ma aeurro yzce 11 ,lle6Jbe Ce'iI1BO nox joj je 06JII1K

cexnue 11 yunma CJII1'iaH xao 11 xon npenxomror HaJIa3a 113 Cvenepeaa58 OBaKBa

50A. Ruttkay, lIaR. .aCJIO, 308, 309, Abb. 42 (Tun V).

51 .n. MHJlOBaHOBHh, ns« .aCJIO, 134, KaT. 6p.339.

52n. non Jlasuh, KaTaJIOI' CpC):IIi,OBCKOBHor opyx]a y I1cTOPHjcKoM MY3cjy Cpfiaje, 360PllUK He­topujcxor uyse]« Cp6ujc20 (1983) 189, KaT. 6p. 7; HCTH, OpyJKjc U ottpeus cpeunosexoenor pamuKa yCptiuju, Kpan.eso 1996-1997,5, KaT. 6p.7; HCTH, Opyscje U ottpeus cpeunoeexoenux pamuKa y Cptiuju,xaranor H3J10)l{6c, Bajesap 1997,4, KaT. 6p. 7; .n. MHJlOBaHoBHh, lIaR. .aCJIO, 140, KaT. 6p. 356.

53I", IllKpHBaHHh,ue« .aCJIO, 99, CJI. 53/1 (KparyjcBau), CJI. 53/3 (Beorpan).

54BH):ICTH HanOMCHC 6p. 50 H51.

55A. Lalovic, lIaR. .aCJIO, 75, KaT. 6p. 42, T. IV/42; CCKHpa je nyrasxa 35 em H Ha OCHOBy auanoruje canpHMcpKOM ca 'Bepnarta, ):IaTOBaHa y XIII-XV crorrehe, CCKHpa ca 'Bepnana je caao jC):IIIOM, ca rpynovnpyrax npenaera, ):IaTOBaHa y OBO Pa3):106JbC (Jb. AJlCKCHh, lJ. nCTpOBHh Hn. non Jlasah, liaR. .aCJIO, T.Vln), ):10K je y ):IpyrHM panoaaua, xao nocefina KaTaJ10WKa jC):IHHHUa, BpCMCHCKH onpenersena 0):1 XIV ):10XVI BCKa (BH):ICTH nanoaeuy 6p. 51). Ha OCHOBy 'rora H cexapy H3Ilonropua 6H rpeoano ):IaTOBaTH 0):1XIV ):10 XVI BCKa.

56n. non Jlasnh, Opyte]« U ottpeue cpeuuoecsoenor petuux« y Cotiu]«, Kparseso 1996-1997,5, KaT.6p. 11, CJlHKa ua CTpaHH 7; CJlHKC HCMajy nOTnHC na je cexnpa H):ICHTH!j>HKoBaHa ua OCHOBy onnca,

57Hero; cexnpa je nyrussn 23,5 em.58

HaR. .aCJIO, 5, KaT. 6p. 10, CJlHKa na crpanu 8; .n. MHJlOBaHoBHh, liaR. .aeJIO, 140, KaT. 6p. 357; cexnpaje nyrasxa 34, 5 cm H ):IaTOBaHa je raxohe y XIV-XVI BCK. CCKHpa HCTor 06J1HKa H BCOMa CJlH':lHHX):IHMcH3Hja ():Iy)l{HHC 34 em) aahena y CaBH KO):l CpCMCKC Pase onpenerseaa xao pHMCKH HaJ1a3. n.MHJ10WcBHh, lIaR. .aCJIO, 69, 190, KaT. 6p. 47, T. V.

201

rCA,IVJSAS 17 (2001) TIpI1JI0311. 113 apXeOJIOlIIKI1X 36l1pKH

cexnpa nahena je 11 y Ea1.J.KOM Bpery KOA COM60pa59 Ha oCHOBy 113HeTI1X CJUf1.J.­

HOCTI1, nocetiao ca npBHM npavepxo« 113 Csrenepesa,60 cexnpa 113 3611pKe HapOA­

HOr My3eja y Beorpany MO)l(e ce BpeMeHCKH OnpeAeJIHTI1 y pa3A06Jbe XIV-XVI

BeKa

BPXOBll CTPEJIA

HaJIa311 spxosa CTpeJIa 113 EpeCTOBHKa (KaT. 6p. 8, CJI. 3/1), cerra Jleyumha,cenepoaananao OA Qa1.J.Ka (KaT. 6p. 9, T. 3/2) 11 KOCTOJIa KOA KJIanOBa (KaT. 6p. to,CJI. 3/3) npnnanajy I1CTOM rimy JIaCTI1H pen, CTI1M IllTO npaa ABa npusrepxa HMajy

npn BPXY yanjen rynan, BpXOBI1 CTpeJIa rnna JIaCTI1H pen ca rynuext npencraarsajy

1.J.eCT HaJIa3 KaKO KOA Hac, TaKO 11 y APyrl1M AeJIOBI1Ma Eaporre. 06JIHll,H rpoyraonnx

crpernma ca npOAY)l(eHI1M xpajeanaa KOjl1 noncehajy na onaj THn KOPI1CTI1JIH cy

ce jour y npaacropaja.v! Y MHKeHcKoj 11 KJIaCI11.J.Hoj I'psxoj 611JIe cy y yuorpefinrpoyraone crpennue ca KpI1JIll,HMa xoje cy I1MaJIe caxo npofojau a npn-raphaaanecy ce YMeTaI-beM y )l(Jbe6 na BPXY npaenor TeJIa CTpeJIe.62 Y06111.J.ajeHI1 06JIHll,11

crpennua JIaCTI1H pen ca TyJIlJ,eM HaJIa)l(eHI1 cy na n03HOpl1MCKHM JIOKaJIl1TeTI1Ma

113Y3eTHO peTKO. 113 HaIllHX xpajena Mory ce HaBeCTI1 no jenan npuvepax ca

JIOKaJIHTeTa EOJbeTI1H (Smorna),63 PTKOBO - I'nauaja 1,64 PaBHa (Comsa),65 xao 11

rpu HaJIa3a 113 jenner paTHI11.J.KOr rpofia ca JIOKaJIHTeTa Cryn KOA Capajesa66

Ha paHOBI13aHTHjcKHM JIOKaJIl1TeTI1Ma ca naure reptrropnje HaJIa311 crpennuarnna JIaCTHH pen raxohe cy peTKI1. 113 cnoja VI sexa ca JIOKaJIl1TeTa Pac - ymheCe6e1.J.eBCKe pexe nOTI11.J.Y rpa CTpeJII111,e oaor rnna,67 a no jerura je uahena ua

59M. EpM60JU-1h, ues: .aeJIO, 95,96, K. 6p.116, T. XXI, 116. Cexnpa je onpC,I:\CJLCHa y XV-XVI BCK.

60BH,I:\. Han. 6p. 55.

61 r 6'opOH3aHO,l:\OnCKC CTpCJIHUC 'rpoyraouor 0 JIHKa cy Ma",HX ,l:\HMCH3HJa (,I:\Y>KHHC 0,1:\ 2, 8 em ,1:\0 4, 5em), BCOMa KpaTKHX xpnnaua H uajseurhe HMajy HarJIaWCHO pc6po no CPC,I:\HHH npofiojua, YMCCTO TYJIl~a

HJIH rpua HMajy WHpOK H nJLOCHaT ycaruntx, J. TO,l:\OPOBHh, Ketsnor ttpsuctopujcsux MeT8JlHUX ttpe­.aMCT8, Beorpan 1971, 45, 46,T. XXIV/5-8,XXV/1-3. Ha JIOKaJIHTcTy rB03,1:\CHOr nofia,Cru-nra yCJIOBcIlHjHuahena cy TpH OBaKBa spxa CTpCJIC, rasohe ca WHpOKHM yca,l:\HHKOM, Praistorija jugoslovenskin zemalja V,teljezno doba, Sarajevo 1987, T. 1II/5.

62A J. Reinaeh, sagitta, y Ch. Darcmberg, et. M. E. Saglid, ue« ueno, 998, fig. 6023, 6025, 6028.

63M. Vujovic, Naoruzanje i oprema rimskog vojnika u Gomjoj Meziii i [ugoistocnom delu Panonije, Eeorpan1998, (MamcTapcKH pa,l:\,<J>HJI030I}lcKH l}laKyJITCT y Eeorpany, 119, KaT. 6p. 2, T. XXXII/9; CTpCJIHl~aHMaxparax 'ryriau,

64M. Gabricevic, Rtkovo - Glamija I - une forteresse de la basseepoqe, 'Bep.nencre CBeCKC III (1986) 72,89, fig. 22/2; crpermua HMaourrehea BpXH 'rynau, xpuna cy xparxa; OBO yTBpt)CtLC pa30pCHO jc nO'iCTKOMV BCKa.

6SM. Vujovic, lIaB. .aeJIO, 120, KaT. 6p. 3, T. XXXIl/I0; crpenaua ca KpaTKHM rynuea,

66G. Cremosnik, Nalazi iz rimskog doba na Stupu kod Sarajeva, Glasnik Zemaljskogmuzeja u Sarajevu XLII(1930) 219, 220, T. XVI.

67M. Popovic, Tvrdava Ras, Beograd 1999, 112, 113, CJI. 59/1-3; ,l:\BC CTpCJIHUC ca KpaTKHM TyJIUCM, 0,1:\KOjHX jC,I:\Ha HMayBHjCH rynau, a rpeha HMa,l:\Y>KH ryrrau H WHpCKpaKC.

202

M. Anexcnh Opyzcje 113 Cpe,LlH>OBeKOBHe 3611pKe HapO,LlHOr My3eja y Beorpany

JIOKaJIHTeniMa CBeTHI-ba KO)], BHMHHaUHjyMa68 H U,apHqHH Tpan KO)], JIe6aHa.69

OBH HaJIaJH noruxy H3 HajMJIaljHx cnojesa paHOBH3aHTHjcKHX yrnphersa H Mory

ce nOBe3aTH ca CJIOBeHCKHM H aaapcxast ocaajaa.ana ua EaJIKaHy TOKOM KOjl1X cy

OBe rsphase H crpanane. Ca repirropnje TIaHoHHje, ca aexponone Mapoumepe­WMapT (Marosveresmart) y Mahapcxoj xoja ce npnrmcyje I'enameaa ncraxe HaJIa3

jernre CTpeJIHue rima JIaCTHH pen.?" Ca repnropaje Mahapcxe nortrsy 6POjHH

CJIyqajHH HaJIa3H oeor rnna CTpeJIHua,71 a I-bHMa ce Mory npH)],pY')KHTH H npn­MepUH nponahenu y BOjBO)],HHH H CJIaBoHHjH ca aanaaaurra KO)], ,ll,aJba, Aaan,e H

EeJIe U,pKBe KO)], Bpurua,72 3a paJJIHKy 0)], Asapa KOjH nperexcao xopncre pOM­

60H)],He H Tp06pH)],He CTpeJIHue ca TPHOM,73 y CJIOBeHCKHM HeKpOnOJIaMa paaorcpernser nexa npeoanahyjy CTpeJIHue rnna JIaCTHH pen ca TyJIueM. Ha nexpo­nOJIaMa BeJIHKOMOpaaCKor crroja y "lIewKoj H CJIOBaqKoj OBe CTpeJIe qHHe CKOpO

nne rpehnne 0)], yxynaor 6poja OTKpHBeHHX CTpeJIa,74 a CJIH'iaH O)],HOC YCTaHOBJbeH

je H na paHOCJIOBeHCKHM HeKpOnOJIaMa y IfCTPH.75 Mehy I-bHMa HMa H OHHX ca

Top)],HpaHI1M TyJIueM.76 Ha panocpemseaexcaaaa JIOKaJIHTeTHMa y CJIOBeHl1jl1

raxohe cy nanaxeae OBe CTpeJIHlJ,e.77 Y Pycnja, Meljy HaJIaJl1Ma cpe)],l-beBeKOBHI1X

crpernrua OHe cy jenan 0)], uajfipojaujnx ranona, a PYCli cy HX npeyaemr 0)], CBOjliX

aanannax cycena TOKOM VIII nexa.78 Y Byrapcxoj cy OBaKBe crpermue raxohefipojne TOKOM pasnofirsa 0)], VIII )],0 XIV sexa,79 If Y cTapoXBaTCKI1M HeKpOnOJIaMa

68M. Ilonoaah, CBCTHH,3, HOBH nonaua 0 paHoBH3aHTHjcKoM BHMHHaUHjyMy, Crapunep 38 (1987) 30;CTpCJ1Hua je j:\aTOBaHa y nOCJlCj:\H..Cj:\BC j:\CUCHHjC VI veka.

69B.KOHj:\Hh, B.Ilonosnh, l.(aplf'llfflFpsu, yrspheno f1aCC/bC y Blf3aH1JfjcKoMHJJJfplfKY, Beorpan 1977,212, KaT. 6p. 104, T. XXVIII(2; CTpCJlHua HMa ysajeu 'ryrtau, VI BCK HnH HCWTO xacunje,

70D. Csallany,Archaologische DenkmiilerderGepiden im M iueldonaubecken (454-568u. z.), Budapest 1961,201, T. CCXXXV/4.

71J. Hampel, Altenhiimer des Fruhen Miuelalters in Ungam, Braunschweig 1905, 176, Fig. 426; ayrop OBCnanase nary]e y pasnotin,e XI - XIII BCKa.

72 CTpCJlHua ca JlOKaJlHTCTa ,UyHaBcKH Bajep KOj:\ ,UaJba xoja je npanacaua CnoBcHHMa HnH ABapHManpyror xaraaara, D. Dimitrijevic, J. Kovacevic i Z. Vinski, Seoba naroda, arheoloski nalazi jugoslovenskogPodunavlja, Zemun 1962, 111,sl. 4; D. Mrkobrad, Arheoloski nalazi seobe naroda u Jugoslaviji, Beograd 1980,T. CXXXVIII/11. HaJla3H H3BeneLlpxse HA3aH>e, D. Pribakovic, Prilog hronologiji naoruzanja Slovenau VIi VII veku, Vesnik Vojnogmuzeja 11-12 (1966) 41, 42, T. I, V.

73J. KOBa'lCBHh, Assposi« xsrensr, Beorpan 1977,119.

74B. Dostal, HaB. ,aCJIO, 73; yxynno je OTKpHBCHO 110 crpenaua OJ:\ 'lera THnOBHMa ca 'rynuev npnnana75 %, a OJ:\ oaor- 6poja 80% 'lHHC crpernrue 06nHKaJlaCTHHOr pena,

75B. Marusic, Nekropole VII i VIII stoljeca u Istri, Arheoloski vestnik 18 (1967), 337; OJ:\ 24 OKpHBCHCCTpCJlHUC 14 npanana THny naCTHH pen.

76Hero, 336, T. 3:5.

77S. Petru, Nekaj zgodnjesrednjeveskih najdb iz Gorjancev, Arheoloski vestnik 18 (1967) 437, T. 2:3.

78A. <1>. MCj:\BCj:\CB, PY'lHOC MCr8J1hlHOC 0PY)/(Jfe, JIyK If ctpens; csssocrpen VIlJ-XW BB., Mocxsa 1966,56,57, T. 30(2 (Tun 2); HaJla3H OBHX crpemuia npCTC)\{HO ncriory j:\y)\{sanarnrax rpanaua CPCj:\H>CBCKOBHCPycnje, a 6Hnc cy y ynorpefia OJ:\ CPCj:\HHC VIII BCKa no MOHronCKHX ocaajaaa CPCj:\HHOM XIII BCKa; no1966. rOj:\HHC OTKpHBCIIO je 140 KOMaj:\a.

7911. 4aHroB3, flaB. ,aCJIO, 176, Han.29; 0 HaJla3HMa OBHX CTpCJlHua ca nOKaJlHTCTa nCpHHK,flaB. ,aCJIo,

176, en. 160/17,25; 0 HaJla3HMa ca nOKaJlHTCTa ,Ujaj:\oBo, B. D. Borisov, Djadovo, Vol. 1 , Tokyo 1989, 119,fig 138.

203

rCA,lJjJSAS 17 (2001) IIPI1J10311. 113 apXeOJlOlllKI1X 36J1PKJ1

OHe cy najxeurhn THn, .u.OK cy OHe ca ropzntpaarea rynuer« aacrynrscae Mel)y

CJIyqajHHM HaJIa3HMa ca reparopnje cesepae ).l,aJIMaUHje.80

Y EOCHH H Xepueroaann cy 6pOjHH HaJIa3H CTpeJIHua rnna JIaCTHH pen, ca

jennocraanaa HJIH ropnapanau TyJIIJ,eM, KapaKTepHCTHqHH sa paun cpemsn

BeK.81 Ha KaMeHHM Ha.u.rpo6HHM cnoMeHHUHMa, MpaMopoBHMa (crehunua) y Eo­

CHH, Xepuerosaau, ).l,aJIMaUHjH, Cp6HjH H U;pHOj I'opn, raxohe cy npencraarseue

OBe CTpeJIHue.82 Ha HaJIa3HWTY X-XI sexa llpaxOBO-CeJIO na ).l,yHaBy oTKpHBeHa

je jenna,83 a na JIOKaJIHTeTy BeJIHKH Tpanau H3 HCTor apexiena nae CTpeJIHue oaor

rima on KOjHX je jenaa ropnapanor TyJIUa.84 Ca JIOKaJIHTeTa Pac - yuihe Ce6e­

-reacse pexe, H3 cnoja xpaja XI - npne nae neuenuje XII cro.neha lIOTHqe CTpeJIHua

oeor rima ca Top.u.HpaHHM TyJIueM85. EPOjHH CJIyqajHH HaJIa3H norrrsy ca JIOKa­

JIHTeTa H3 OKOJIHHe Jaronane, Ilapahnna, CBHJIajHUa, PeKoBua,86 llHPOTa,87 HH­

nra, Kparyjeaua,88 Bopa, KI-baJKeBUa, 3ajeqapa89 H npyrnx rpanosa Ilopen JIHKO­

BHHX npencrasa na MpaMopOBHMa, OBe CTpeJIHue cy npnxaaaae H na HaweM

cpe.u.I-beBeKOBHOM $peCKO CJIHKapCTBy.90 Ha OCHOBy H3HeceHHX aaanornja MO)l(e

ce 3aKJbyqHTH na CTpeJIHue H3 EpeCTOBHKa, Jleyurnha H KOCTOJIa (KaT. 6p. 8, 9 H

10) npnnanajy pasnofirsy cpemser sexa He caao 3aTO WTO je osaj THn xapaxrepnc­

THqaH sa 'ry enoxy seh H 360r Tora WTO cy no CBOM 06JIHKy 6JIHCKe 6pOjHHM

cpe.u.I-beBeKOBHHM HaJIa3HMa. CTpeJIHue rnna JIaCTHH pen KapaKTepHCTHqHe cy rrpe

cnera aa CJIOBeHe, aJIH na OCHOBy 06JIHKa OBa TpH rrpHMepKa HHje Moryhe noya­

nano npeuaauaje yTBp.u.HTH npeste I-bHXOBe ynorpefie.

H3 OKOJIHHe Hmua noraxe crtyxajaa HaJIa3 spxa CTpeJIe (KaT. 6p. 11, CJI. 3/4)KOjH npunana rimy Tpo6pH.LI.HHX CTpeJIHua ca TpHOM. Pa3JIHqHTH 06JIHUH TpO­

6pH.u.HHX CTpeJIa n03HaTH cy jour y crapoj epn, a KOpHCTHJIH cy HX CKHTH H

80On 26 oTKpHBeHHx CTpeJIHua y crapoxpsarcxaa HeKpOnOJlaM3, 12 npnnana OBOM 'nmy, a setuma

rtorirse ca JlOKaJlHTeTa HHH-)I(.i\pHjau, J. Belosevic, HaB. ueno, 104, 105, T. XXVIlI15, 25, XXVIII/B,XXIX/19, XXXI/4, 5, XXXIII/26, 27, XXXIX/17, 20-22.0 CJly'lajHHM HaJla3HMa OBHX crpernrua H3cesepne.uaJlMaUHje, D. Pribakovic, HaB. ueno, 42, T. VIII, IX; J. Belosevic, HaB. ueno, 105,T. XXXIX/24.

81 N. Miletic, Rani srednji vek, y Kulturna istorija Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo 1984, 422. P. Orec, Noviarheoloski nalazi iz ranog srednjeg vijeka iz zapadneHercegovine, Glasnik Zemaljskog muzeja u Sarajevu 39(1984) 123,124,sI.17/b, d (CJlY'lajHH HaJla3H H3OKOJlHHeJby6ywKo[,HMe~yropjaKO.i\ l..{HTJlYKa-MocTap).

82M. Wenzel, Ukrasni motivi na steccima, Sarajevo 1965, 224, T. LXV/9, 14, 15, LXII7, LXXXV/9-13,LXXXIX/18.

83M. Jankovic, Implements and Weapons from 9th - 11th centuries found at Kljuc Dunava, Balcanoslavica10 (1983) 55, PI. IlI4.

84CTpCJlHua yaajeaor 'rynua ie uahena y MJla~eM crrojy XI BeK3, a npyra ncruse H3crapujer cnoja XBCKa, HaB. ueno, 58, 59, PI. V/14, 15.

85M. Popovic, TvrdavaRas, 257, KaT. 6p. 458, CJl. 219/1.

86 S. veoue, HaB. ueno, 139, 140,kat. br.17-25, T. 1/17-23, T. IlI1, 2.

87n. EojHHh,Apxeonouixo tinsro Ilonuuieene, Ilupor 1983, KaT. 6p. 111, 114.

88r. IIIKpHBaHHh, HaB. ueno, 110, CJl. 60/4-6,8, 9.

89A. Lalovic, H8B. ueno, 71, kat. br. 10-16,T. 1I/10-16.

90r. IIIKpHBaHHh, H8B. ueno; 111, CJl. 62.

204

M. AJICKCl1h Opyx]e 113 CpC,uJ-bOBCKOBHC 3611pKC Hapoznror My3cja y Beorpany

rpl.J,Ii. 91 Y PIiMCKOM uaopyxaa.y KOpIiCTIiJIe cy ce rpofipnnne CTpeJIIil.J,e TpO­

yraoaor 06JIIiKa ca TPHOM,92 JJ,OK cy OHe pOM60l1)l.HOr 06JIIiKa perxe, a OJJ, naunrx

JIOKaJIIiTeTa npoaaheae cy y PTKOBy-rJIaMIija 1,93 LIe3aBIi Ii Cannysry Ii npnnanajynpyroj nOJIOBIiHIi IV IiJIIi nOlJeTKY V BeKa94 113 paaosaaaarnjcxor pa3JJ,06Jba

nornsy TpH HaJIa3a ca JIOKaJIHTeTa Csermsa KOJJ, BHMHHal.J,IijYMa95 Ii jenna ca

JIOKaJIIiTeTa Pac - yuihe Ce6elJeBCKe peKe.96 Oaaj THn CTpeJIIil.J,a npencranrsa xecrHaJIa3 na HeKpOnOJIaMa ca repnropaje IIaHoHHje xoje ce npnnacyjy renl1)l.IiMa,97

a 6HO je y umpoxoj ynorpefin H KOJJ, ABapa98 063HPOM JJ,a cy rpofipnrme CTpeJIIil.J,e

ca TpHOM 6IiJIe y IllHpOKOj ynorpetin KOJJ, lhHXOBIiX cycena, 6poj HaJIa3a aa CJIO­

BeHCKIiM JIOKaJIIiTeTIiMa ynaJJ,JbIiBO je MalhIi. Y PyCIijH ce naryjy OJJ, noxerxa VIJJ,O IX crorreha,"? JJ,OK cy aa BeJIIiKOMOPaBCKIiM nespono.naaa nahena caera JJ,Ba

npIiMepKa 100 Ha cpemeesexoaaaer JIOKaJIIiTeTIiMa ca repsrropuje Byrapcxe TpO­

6pIiJJ,He CTpeJIIil.J,e ce raxohe nojaarsyjy cnopamemo.l''! Ca name repnropajeCJIylJajHIi HaJIa3Ii osor rima CTpeJIIil.J,a nOTIilJY H3 BeJIe U;pKBe102 xao Ii jenannpaxiepax ca npofojuev rpoyrrracror 06JIIiKa H npoqmJIIiCaHI1M nparow uahen naIIIipoTcKoM rpany Ii JJ,aTOBaH y XII-XIV BeK.l°3 06JIIiK CTpeJIIil.J,e Ii3 OKOJIIiHe

Hinua uajsaure OJJ,rOBapa TIinOBHMa KOjH ce npnnacyjy HOMaJJ,CKI1M uaponaua na

6H ce yCJIOBHO MOrJIa JJ,aTOBaTH y paanja pa3JJ,06Jba cpemeer nexa

91 N. Miletic, Rani srednji vijek, y A. Demmin, lIaB. .aCJlO , 20, 49. T. J. Hampel, lIaB. .aCJlO , 167. X. O.Binan, O. 6. COJlTI1C, CKiljlcKi xypranu noGJlI13y c. Map'}IHiBKa na MI1KOJlai"Bll.\I1Hi, Apxeonorus i (KI1CB)(1998) 86, 92, Puc, 3/5a, 5/6, 7/8a; OBC CTPCJlI1l.\C HI1CY I1MaJlC 'rynau aeh CC BpXnpnenor TCJlaCTpCJlC yxeraoy urynrsu npofiojau,

92 M. C. Bishop and C. N. Coulston, lIaB. .aCJlO, 54, 79,113,138, Fig. 25/6-8, 43/5-9, 74/10, 11, 97/12-19.

93 M. Gabricevic, flaB. .aCJlO, 72, 89, Fig. 22/3, 6.

94 M. Vujovic, ns« .aCJlO, 107.

95 M. Ilortosuh, CBCTl1lba, HOBI1 no.naun 0 paHoBI13aHTI1jcKoM BI1MI1Hal.\l1jYMY, Crsputtsp 38 (1987) 30,31; CTPCJlI1l.\C cy 113 cnoja nocnenn,e ,nBC ,nCl.\CHl1jC VI BCKa.

96 M. Popovic, Tvrdava Ras, Beorpan 1999, 112, 113, CJI. 59/4; CTpCJII1l.\a I1Ma JlI1CTOJlI1KI1 OGJlI1K 11

J\aTOBaHajc y VI BCK.97 . D'1) .L{. L{I1MI1TPl1jCBI1h, I'ennncxa HCKpOnOJla "KopMaJ\I1H" KOJ\ JaKOBa, AM BOjBO aHCKJ1X uyse]« 9

(1960), 19, T. III/8-11 , 13. D. Csallany, flaB. .aCJlO, T. VIlI2, XII/I2, XXVI/5-7, XXVII/lO-12, XXX/20,LXIII/13, LXXXVI/5, XCV/I0.

98 J. KOBa'lCBI1h, lIaB. .aCJlO, 119. D. Mrkobrad, [faB. .aCJlO, T. LXXXII2, 8. J. Hampel, nee: neno, 167-173,fig. 355-379.

99A. <D. MCJ\BCJ\CB, flaB. ueno. 60, T. 19/48, 30/19; (Tun 19); na TCPI1TOPl1jl1 CpC,ulbCBCKOBHC PycajeOTKpl1BCHO je caera 15 npl1MCpaKa.

100B. Dostal, [faB. ueno, 73, sl. 15/19, T. LXIV/5.

101L{Ba npl1MCpKaca JlOKaJIHTCTa Ilepnax KOjl1 cy narosaaa y VIII - nO'ICTaKIX BCKa, 11. lJaHroBa, uss..aeJIO, 176; jCJ\aH npl1MCpaK ca JlOKaJll1TCTa )JjaJ\oBo (X-XI BCK), B. D. Borisov, uee. ueno, 119, HanOMCHaGp. 77, Fig. 133. YnopcJ\I1TI1 11:)I{. b>KapoBa, CJlaBJl[fJ1 J1npa6h1J1rapJ1, no .aa[fJ1 u« fleKpOnOJlJ1TC OT VI-XIB. u« TCpJ1TOpJ1JlTa us Bunrapu», Coq)J1J1 1976. rne Hl1jC HaBCJ\CHa Hl1jcJ\Ha CTpCJlI1l.\a OBO£' rana,

102D . Pribakovic, ues: ueno, 42, 62, T. V/1; raxohe 11cnyxajan nanaa ca repjrropaje L{aJlMal.\l1jc, MCTO,

42, 65, T. VII/6.

103P. Bojunh, nss: .aCJlO, KaT. Gp. 106. L{. MHJIOBaHoBI1h, ue« ueno; 79, KaT. Gp. 176.

205

rCA,lJ/JSAS 17 (200 1) IlpMJI03M. 113 apXeOJIOIIIKMX 36MpKM

Bpx CTpeJIe ca Tp06pl1,ll;HMM npofiojueja M rynuea ca nenoaaaror nanaanurra

(KaT. 6p. 12, en. 3/5) npanana BeOMa perxost rnny crpenuua He caxro KO)l, Hac sehH y OCTanMM nenoanaa Espone. HCTH 06nHK npofiojua xao H KO)l, nperxonaornpauepea yxasyje na IbHXOBy THnonOIllKY CpO)l,HOCT. Hesta nOy3)l,aHHX noxasa KOjH

norsphyjy ynorpefiy OBaKBHX crpennua y aHTHUM.104 Ca naure repirropnje OBOMrimy npnnana MaCMBaH npasrepax nahea y KyhM M3 XI nexa ira rroxamrrery

BenMKM Tpanan na ,[(yHaBy.105 JOIll jenaa crperntua ca acnoaaaror nanaanurra

-ryaa ce y Mysejy rpana Beorpana.l'" lbMMa ce MO:>Ke npnnpyaornr jour jenanHe)l,aTOBaH cnyxajan nanaa ca repnropaje CnOBaqKe.107 Caao nouexne je cmr-ma

crpennua H3 cesepae ,[(anMaUHje xoja MMa tynan H -rernopofipanan np060jau.l08

Hanaan OBHX crpennua cy peTKH na 6H npMMepaK H3 Bennxor Tpanua 6HO, aacana, je)l,HHH carypao )l,aTOBaH aanaa OH yxaayje na cy ce OBaKBe crpertnuexopacrnne y XI sexy, ann TO He ncxrsyxyje IbHXOBy ynorpetiy H y unrpesrBpeMeHCKOM paanofirsy.

Bpx crperre nponahea y Ptrronexy KO)l, Beorpana (KaT. 6p. 13, en. 3/6) HMa)l,B06pH)l,HH npofiojau pOM60l1,ll;HOr 06J1HKa H )l,y:>KH TpH aa aacahaaaa,e. Onaj THn

crpena cponaa je npaaepmraa nenroanaor npofojua ca TpHOM H npencrasrsaKapaKTepHCTHqaH 06nMK y ynoTpe6H HOMa,nCKHX HapO)l,a 3a aBapcKe cTpenMue

ocofieae cy, nopen Tp06pH)l,HHX M OHe ca pOM60l1,ll;HHM HnM )l,enTOH)l,HHM npo­

60jueM,109 ann cy OHe OTKpHBeHe H na )l,pyrHM nOKanHTeTHMa Haheae cy aa

aespononaxa y naHOHCKOM 6aceHy xoje ce npanncyjy renl1,ll;MMa,110 xao 11 aapaHocnOBeHCKI1M nOKanl1TeTI1Ma y "lIeIllKoj 11 Cnoaaxxojll! 11 y PyCl1jH. 1l 2 EPOjHH

Hana311 OBI1X crpenaua, xao H OHI1X ca )l,enTOI1)l,HHM npofiojnesr nOTI1Qy ca crapo­Mal)apcKMx noxamrrera na I1X HeKI1 ayropn aaaasajy 11 yrapCKI1M.113 Mal)apCKI1ayropa cy nanpasnna IbI1XOBy rnnorrorujy no KOjOj 611 crpermna 113 Pnronexaonrosapana rnny Bl.l14 ITo rnnonoraja crpernma ca repnropnje cperneeaexoaaePycnje xojy je uanpaano A. <1>. Menaenes, npnaepax 113 Paronexa 6H npnnanao

104 Bpx crpene H3 III sexa canoxamrrera Canfiypr' (Saalburg) I1Ma rynau H<JeTBOp06pH,aHH npofiojau'rpoyrnoaor o6nHKa ca6naro npo,ay>t<eHHM xpajesaaa naHe 6H onroaapao OBOM THny, M. C. Bishop andC. N. Coulston, ue« j1,CJlO, 138, Fig.92(2.

105 M. Jankovic, ue« neno, 59,PI.V/4; crpenaua je nyraxxa 10,4 em, a uiapoxa 2 em.

106 M. Vujovic, ues: ueno, 114, KaT. 6p.12. T. XXXIV/12; auje narosaua, ,ay)l(I1Ha 7 em, urupuna 1 em.

107 A. Ruttkay, ne« ueno, 329, Abb.54(THnN9); crpenaua ]e nyrasxa 7,5 em.

108 D. Pribakovic, flaB. ueno, 42, 65,T. VIII/5.

1091. KOBa<JeBHh, us« neno, 119.

110).J,. ).J,I1MI1TpHjeBHh, flaB. j1,eJIO, 19,T. I1I/6; D. Dimitrijevic, J. Kovacevic i Z. Vinski, flaB. j1,CJlO, 78, err,4;D. Csallany, flaB. neno, T. XII/8.

III B. Dostal, us« ueno, 73,en, 15(20; A. Ruttkay, uss: ueno, 330, Abb.54(Tip B(2A).112

A. H. KHpnH<JHI1KOB HA. <1>. Mensenea, flaB. ueno; 348, Tafinaua 136/14 (THn47).

113J. Hampel, flaB. neno; 173,174, Fig.382-415; K. Sebestyen, A "Sigittis Hungarorum". A Magyarok ijja esnyla, Dolgozatok 8 (1932) 193 H nan,e, Abb. 12, 13. 0 Hana3HMa OBHX crpenaua ca crapoaahapcjorxuesponona y CJIOBa'lKoj, A. Ruttkay, flaB. ueno; 330.

114 K. Sebestyen.nas neno, Abb. 12, 13, CBH Tl1nOBH ce onpenen.yjy xao crapovahapcxa,

206

M. AJIeKCl1n Opyzcje 113 cpe;:U-bOBeKOBHe 3611pKe Haponuor My3eja y Beorpany

crapnjesr TI1IIY OBI1X crpernma xoje aesrajy rpaHHtIHI1K 113Me1)y rpna 11 npofojna

(Tan 47), a naroaaae cy on VIII no cpeznnte XI BeKa.115 ,n:a OBe crpermne, TOKOM

panor cpenaer sexa, HI1CY 611JIe I1CKJbY'lI1BO y ynorpefia Mahapa CBe.llO'l11 11 O.llHOC

HaJIa3a na HeKpOnOJIaMa ca repnropnje CJIOBalfKe. On yxynuo 80 crpernma osorrnna, 35 nOTI1'1e ca cTapoMa1)apCKI1XJIOKaJII1TeTa, necer ca CJIOBeHCKI1X HeKpOnOJIa,

a nener ca HaJIa3l1llITa 6jeJIo6p.llcKe KyJITypHe rpyne nox cy OCTaJIO CJIy'lajHI1

HaJIa311 I1JII1 113 xacnnjnx nepnona cpemeer BeKa.116

OBaKBa crpernma xon Hac je OTKpl1BeHa na craposrahapcxoj HeKpOnOJII1 X nexa

113 OKOJII1He HOBor Beseja, 117 a .llOHeKJIe CJII1'1HOr 06JII1Ka cy 11 rpn HaJIa3a ca

JIOKaJIl1TeTa X-XI sexa BeJII1KI1 Fpanau na ,n:yHaBy.118 Bpx CTpeJIe oaor rnna

6JII13aK no 06JII1Ky 11 .llI1MeH311jaMa HaJIa3Y 113 PI1TOneKa nOTI1'1e 113 crroja XII sexaca JIOKaJIl1TeTa Pac-yurhe Cefexencxe pexe.U? OBaKBa CTpeJII1Ua, aJIl1 neurro BI1T­

xnjer 06JII1Ka 11 ca rpaHl1lfHI1KOM 113Me1)y 'rpna 11 npofiojna naheua je y cnojy XII11 npBI1X neueanja XIII sexa na JIOKaJIl1TeTY PY.llI1He xon cpernseaexoaaor Epa­Hl1lfeBa.120 BpXOBI1 CTpeJIa oaor 06JII1Ka npencraanena cy H na HallleM cpenn,o­

BeKOBHOM cPpecKo CJII1KapcTBy.l21 Ha oCHOBy 113HeTI1X npasrepa MO)((e ce 3aKJbY­

lfl1TI1 zta crpermna H3 PI1TOneKa I1Ma CJIl1lfHOCTI1 ca crapostahapcxust npl1MepUI1Ma,

aJIH 11 ca HaJIa3I1Ma 113 MJIaljer paanofirsa ca name reparopnje, 360r rora 611

BpeMeHCKH OKBl1pHO npananana cpe.lll-heM sexy,

Bpx CTpeJIe .lleJITOI1)lHOr 06JIHKa ca TpHOM (KaT. 6p. 14, CJI. 3/7) nOTI1'1e 113

KOCTOJIa xon KJIa.uOBa. Tl1nOBI1 .lleJITOI1)lHHX crpernuta 611JII1 cy y ynorpefin xon

Asapa, a KOPI1CTI1JII1 cy I1X H Maljapl1.122 IIo Tl1nOJIOrl1jl1 A. cI>. Menaeneaa, crpe­JIHua 113 KOCTOJIa, ca JIy'lHO nOBl1jeHI1M .llOl-hI1M I1Bl1uaMa npofojua, npnnanana 611rimy 41. Ca reprrropnje cpemseaexoeae Pycnje nOTI1'1e yxynao 566 HaJIa3a 11Ha311Bajy ce pOM6ol1)lHe crpermue rHe3.ll0BCKOr Tl1na.123 IIo CBOjl1M .llI1MeH3I1jaMa,HaJIa3 113 KOCTOJIa 611 npananao MJIaljoj Bapl1jaHTI1 oaor rnna xoja je Mal-hHX .llH­MeH311ja H rtaryje ce on cpernme XII no XIV BeKa.124 On HaJIa3a ca uaure repn­ropnje, npl1MepKy 113 KOCTOJIa Haj6JII1)((a no 06JIHKy je crpemtua xoja nOTI1'1e cacpemseaexoaaor yrsphersa aa JIOKaJIl1TeTY Xacap y IIpoKynJby.125 06311pOM na jey TBp1)aBI1 nahena KepaMI1Ka xoja je narosana y XIV-XV BeK H OBa crpernma 611

115 A. <D. Mensenea, HaB. .aCJID, 68,69;MJla~e crpene (THnoBH 48,49) cy LlaTOBaHe y IX-XV BeK.116

A. Ruttkay, liaB. .aCJID, 330.

117H. Crauojes, HCKpOnOJIC XXV BCKa y BOjBO.aUliU, HOBH Ca,lJ,1989, 63,65, KaT. 6p.335.

118M. Jankovic, nes: .aCJIO, 58,59,PI.V/5-7; crpenaue HMajy HeWTO BHTKHjH 06JlHK.

119D. Pribakovic i M. Popovic, Nalazi oruzja izutvrdenja grada Rasa, VesnikVojnogmuzeja 21-22 (1976) 32,KaT. 6p.4,T. I/6; M. Popovic, Tvrdava Ras, 256, KaT. 6p.447/6, CJl. 215/6.

120M. Ilonoaun, B.HBaHHweBHli, liaR. .aCJIO, 142, en, 13/3.

121r. 111KpHBaHHli, nss: .aCJIO, 111, CJl. 62.

122J. Kosaxesah, liaR. MCCTO. J. Hampel, liaR. .aCJID, 173, Fig.396, 415; K. Sebestyen, lIaB. MCCTO.

123A. <D. Menaenes, liaR. .aCJIO, 65,T. 30/37.

124 fA '" • • •nCTO; CTapHJa BapHJaHTa je sena, JacHHJHx KOHTypa HLlaTYJe cey VIII - cpenana XI sexa.

125J. Ky3MaHoBHli, HaB. .aCJID, 20,KaT. 6p.28.

207

rCA,lJ/JSAS 17 (2001) ITPJ1JI03J1. 113 apXeOJIOIllKJ1X 36J1PKJ1

npnnanana TOM BpeMeHy.126 OHa J1Ma 3HaTHO nY:>K11 TpH On npmrepxa H3 KOCTOJla

H nyraxxa je 8,2 em. Ha oCHOBy rora, xao H rimonourxe 6Jll1CKOCTl1 OBa zma HaJIa3a

MO:>Ke ce npeTnOCTaBHTI1 na je 11 crpernma 113 KOCTOJIa npB06HTHO I1MaJla ny:>KH TpH

KOjH je cana ourrehen. HaJla3J1 crperntua oaor rnna nOTWIY H ca npyrnx JIOKa­

JIHTeTa y nauroj 3eMJbI1. TIpl1MepUI1 113 f'aM3Hrpa,ua, Jlacosa KOn 3ajelJapa 11 KanneKOn Knascesua naTOBaHI1 cy y XIII-XV BeK,127 nOK je npavepax H3 Forrynua on­

penersen y XIV BeK.I 28 Ha oCHOBy HaBeneHI1X ananoruja, nocefiao ca HaJla30M 113

Ilpoxynrsa, CTpeJII1lJ,a 113 KOCTOJIa 6H npnnanana speaeuy XIV-XV nexa,

Jenl1HH HO:>K y OBOj rpyna npenvera (KaT. 6p. 15, CJI. 3/8) npencraarsa cnyxajaa

HaJla3 113 OKOJII1He EpeCTOBI1Ka KOn Fpouxe, ,L(oHeKJIe CJIl1qaH 06JII1K I1Ma npaxepasca aenosaaror HaJla3I1IlITa 113 Hcropajcxor My3eja Cpfinje, OH I1Ma npIlIKY JIylJHOr

06JIl1Ka 6e3 rpaaaxaaxa ca npCTeHaCTHM 3aBpIlIeTKOM 11 naTOBaH je y XVI-XVIIBeK.l29 Mel)yTI1M, no CBOM 06JII1Ky 11 nl1MeH3l1jaMa, HO:>K 113 EpeCTOBI1Ka HajBHIlIe

onrosapa rnny KeJITCKI1X 60jHI1X HO:>KeBa Hsax xapaxrepmue nOJIyKpy:>KHO I1JII1

paBHO CelJl1BO 11 KPaTKa casujeaa npuixa ca KyrJIaCTI1M HJII1 npCTeHaCTI1M aa­

BpIlIeTKOM xoje noaexan I1Majy raoanena ojaxaisa, rpaHHlJHI1K, na cpemnm. ,L(y­

ralJKI1 cy on 25 no 50 em. l3O TIo CBOjOj nY:>KI1HI1 xoja 113HOCH 28,8 em, HO:>K 113

EpeCTOBI1Ka 6H npunanao rpyna xpahnx KeJITCKI1X 60jHl1X HO:>KeBa BI1IlIe aanasa

KeJITCKI1X 60jHI1X HO:>KeBa osor rnna ca npCTeHaCTO 3aBpIlIeHOM npurxov norirseca JIOKaJll1TeTa y jyxnoj TIaHoHHjH. Mory ce HaseCTI1 npuaepun 113 OKOJII1He

06peHOBlJ,a,131 KOCTOJIUa, OCHjeKa, ca Kapatiypese, 113 Kynanoaa 11 np.132 EJII1:>Ke

ananornje HaJla3Y 113 EpeCTOBHKa npencraarsajy HO:>KeBI1 ca npiliKOM xoja ce sa­apurasa npourapea.ea npI16JII1:>KHO JIOnTaCTor 06JII1Ka OBaKBH npioaepua Hal)eHI1

cy y OKOJII1HH cena Ilporap KOn Eeorpa,ual 33 11 na BeJII1Koj KeJlTCKoj HeKpOnOJIH

na Kapa6ypMI1. 134

TIopeKJIO oecr Tl1na KeJITCKI1X 60jHI1X HO:>KeBa TyMalJl1 ce pa3JIl1lJHTO, ann

npeoanahyje MHIlIJbel-be na cy nyre 60jHe HO:>KeBe KeJITH y jyzcnoj TIaHoHHjH

npeyserra on CBOjHX jy:>KHHX cycena, I1JIHpa H Tpasaaa KOjl1 cy on paunje KOpH­

CTHJIH Pa3JIl1lJHTe 06JII1Ke KPHBI1X HO:>KeBa H MalJeBal35 Hajcrapnju KeJITCKH KPaT-

126HaJJ. ueno, 17.

127 A. Lalovic, HaJJ. AeRO, 72, 73, KaT. 6p. 24, 25, 27, T. III.128

n. non JIa3Hh, HaJJ. AeRO, 189; .n. MHJlOBaHOBHh, HaJJ. ueno. 115, KaT. 6p. 28I.129 rr 6'"...,. MHJlOBaHoBHh, HaJJ. AeRO, 181, KaT. p. 479; HO>K je nyrasa« 38,2 em.

130J. Todorovic, Dosadasnji nalazi keltskog oruzja na teritoriji Srbije, Vesnik Vojnog muzeja (1958) Sill, 27,28;uctu, Keltiu jugoistoino] Evropi, Beorpan 1968,71, 72.

131HCTH, KaT8J10rllpaucTOpujCKUX MeT8J1flUX llpeAMeTa, Beorpan 1971,124,125, KaT. 6p.499, T. LVlII/5,XCl/53 HO>K je nyrasax 40,5 em.

132HCTH, Keltiu jugoistocno] Evropi, Beorpan 1968,140,142,147,150, T. Vl/2, T. XIV/13, 14, T. XXXlII/2,T. XLIV/8; ,uy>KHHa HO>KeBa H3HOCH on 33,uo 50 em.

133HaJJ. ueno; 153,T. LIl/12; ,uy>KHHa H3HOCH 50 em.

134MCTO, 147,T. XXXIII/I; ,uy>KHHa 31,5 em.

135 HCTO, 72; A. Cermanovic, Grcki tip maca u nasoj zemlji, Vesnik Vojnogmuzeja 4 (1957), 78.

208

M. AJIeKCHh Opyx]e H3 CpeLUbOBeKOBHe 36HpKe HapOLUIOr My3eja y Beorpany

KI1 Kpl1BI1 60jHI1 HO)l(eBH Hal)eHH cy y cpernsoj EBPOIIH O.IJ:aKJIe cy, BepOBaTHOTprOBHHOM, .IJ:ocneJII1 y Hallie KpajeBe.136 Hanasn xpahe aapnjaare osor runa HO)l(aKO.IJ: Hac ce naryjy y II H I BeK npe H. e.l37 IIpl1Mepu.11 H3 IIporapa 11, nocefiao caKapa6YPMe BeOMa cy 6JIHCKI1 no 06JIHKy, aJIH H reorparpcxn HaJIa3Y H3 BpecroaaxaHO)l( ca Kapa6YPMe je npeunaao .IJ:aTOBaH y I BeK npe H. e.l38 na 6H HCTOM pa3.IJ:06JbynpHn3.IJ:aO H npieaepax H3 Bpecrosaxa

Fpyna npenaera xoja je ofipahena y OBOM P3.D:Y Mel)yc06Ho ce Pa3JII1Kyje noBpCTH H spesreay ynorpefie. CBH OHH ce MOry capcrarn y opyxje, .IJ:OK aa aexe06JIHKe cexnpa (KaT. 6p. 4, 5 H 7) He rpefia HCKJbY~HTHMoryhHOCT .IJ:a cy cn3.IJ:aJIey opyhe, IIpe.IJ:MeTH nperexno npunanajy y06H~ajeHHMTHnOBHMa ~HjH ce 06JIHKTOKOM .IJ:Y)l(er apestena naje 6HTHHje Mel-baO na ce, na OCHOBy noje.IJ:HHHX OC06HHa,HeKH Mory npeuasuuje .IJ:aTOBaTH .IJ:OK je sa npyre npeste yrrorpefie Moryhe casteOKBHpHO O.IJ:pe.IJ:HTH. CBH npe.IJ:MeTH, H3Y3eB fojaor aoxa (KaT. 6p. 15), npnnanajyPa3JIH~HTHM pa3.IJ:06JbHMa cpemser aexa, na xao rpyna HaJIa3a orrrosapajy nrap­OKOM npeaeacxoa nepaony, O.IJ: enoxe ceofie HapO.IJ:a .IJ:O noauor cpeznser sexaHayserax npencranna 60jHH HO)l( KOjH onrosapa MaTepl1jaJIHoj KyJITypH KeJITa063HpOM na yCJIOBe HaJIa3a xao 11 aenocrojau,e 03HaKa I1JII1 yxpaca na npe.IJ:MeTI1Manuje Morylie nOy3.IJ:aHO yTBP.IJ:HTH I-bHXOBO nopexrro, Ilourro ce aa CBe ofipahenenpenvere Mory naha 6JIH)l(e HJIH narse napanene xoje nOTH~y ca .IJ:oMahl1x JIOKa­JII1TeTa H3BeCHO je .IJ:a cy I-bHXOBH THnOBH 6HJII1y ynorpefia na Hallil1M npOCTOpl1Maxao H .IJ:a je jenan 6poj ofipaheuax npenaera npOH3Be.IJ:eH aa OBOM npocropy.

KATAJIOr

1. KOIIJhE (HHB. 6p. 2419) CJI. 1/2fBO)f(~e, xonarse.Haheno y .uyHaBy.

CeqHBO je nCJITOJ1,UHOr 06JIHKa ca JIyqHO 06JIHKOBaHHM nOtbJ1M crpanaxa. POM6oJ1,UHOrje npecexa, rro CpenJ1HJ1 je nenarnauren rpefieu nOK je BpX ourrap. TYJIau je xpyzorornpecexa J1 nocreneuo ce llIJ1pH on CeqJ1Ba ua nOJIe. Ilpn rnry ce HaJIa3e, jernra H3Hanztpyre, zme pyrre sa excepe J1JIJ1 3aKJ1BKe KojJ1Ma ce BpX npnxspmhaaao sa KOrrJbHIlITexoje nenocra]e..u = 29,8 em; .uC = 15,4 em; mc = 5,1 em; IlfT = 3 em;

2. KOIIJhE (HHB. 6p. 2423) CJI. 1/1fBO)f(l)e, xoaatse.

Haheuo y Ilyuaay.CeQHBOje BJ1TKOr 06JIJ1Ka, QeTBpTaCTor npecexa H cyacana ce on 'rynua xa ourrpox npxy.113Mel)y CeQHBa H 'rynua HaJIa3H ce aanefirsan,e HerrpaBHJIHO npcrenacror 06JIHKa TYJIau

136J. Todorovic, H8B. .aeJIO, 72.

137 H8B. MeCTO.

138 J. TO,L\opoBI1!l, KaTaJIOr npaHcTOpHjCKHX MCTaJIHHX npe.aMeTa, Beorpan 1971, 125, KaT. 6p. 502, T.LVIIl/2, XCI/52.

209

rCA,lI/JSAS 17 (200 1) IIpHJI03H. Ha apXeOJIOIlIKHX 36HpKH

je Kpy:>KHOr npecexa, nOCTeneHO ce IlIHpH O,U cexana na ,UOJIe H na xpajy je onrrehen.KOnJbHIlITe nenocraje..[( = 28,9 ern; .[(C = 20,1 cm; liC = 1,5 cm; IlIT = 1,5 em;

3. KOI1JbE (I1HB. 6p. 2420) en. 1/3a, 36I'aoxhe, xonaise.HaI)eHo y .[(yHaBy.CelfHBO je H3,Uy:>KeHOr JIHCTOJIHKOr 06JIHKa ca HarJIallIeHHM rpetienox nOJIyKpy:>KHOrnpecexa no cpemnor, Kopen cexnna HMa 3a06JbeH 06JIHK ,UOK je BpX OIlITap. CelfHBO jenpn spxy HCKpHBJbeHO. Ty JI3U je Kpy:>KHOr rrpecexa, nOCTeneHO ce IlIHpH on cexasa ira,UOJIe. Y ,UOlbeM ,UeJIy ee nanase ,UBe uacnpasure Kpy:>KHe pyne xoje cy CJIy:>KHJIe jla ceBpX npaxnpcra sa KOrrJbHIlITe. IhHa,U lbHX na 'rymy, nanase ce lfeTHpH rrJIHTKa H ycxa:>KJbe6a npcreuacror 06JIHKa KOrrJbHIlITe nenocraje.

.[( = 37,2 ern; .[(C = 25,1 em; liC = 2,3 em; IlIT = 1,5 em;

4. CEKHPA (I1HB. 6p. 2450) en. 1/4rBo:>K1)e, xonan,e.Haheno na MecTy CTapHX pyruemuta y ceJIY PH6apHMa KO,U )l(ary6HIW, cenepoaanarnroO,U Bopa,Cexnua je TParre30l1JlHOr 06JIHKa H IlIHpH ce xa paBHOM ce-nrny xoje je aacexeno ca,UOlbC crpane. YIlIHue cy rrpH6JIH:>KHO npasoyraonor 06JIHKa ca OTBOpOM .raxohe npn­6JIH:>KHO npaaoyraonor 06JIHKa CCKHpHIlITe nenocraje..[( = 17,2 em; liC = 10,5 ern; .[(Y = 4 ern;

5. CEKHPA (liHB. 6p. 2410) en. 2/1rBo:>Kl)e, xonan,e.

HaI)eHo y .[(yHaBy.CClfHUa HMa roprsy HBHUY paany ,UOK jc nona JIylfHO 06JIHKOBaHa liHPH ce npextaJIylfHOM ce-nrny, YIlIHUe cy rrpH6JIH:>KHO npaaoyraoaor 06JIHKa ca OTBOpOM HCTor 06­JIHKa Cexnpaurre nenocraje..[( = 24,1 em; liC = 11,4 em; W = 6,4 em;

6. CEKHPA (una 6p. 2866) en. 2/2I'noxhe, KOBalbC.Herr03HaTO MeCTO aanasa,Ce-rnua HMa rOTOBO paany ropisy HBHUY ,UOK je norsa JIylfHO nporpnmrcana, CelfHBO jeIlIHPOKO, rry-nror 06JIHKa ca jlOlbOM HBHUOM JIylfHO npodnoracanox, YIlIHUe cy HCIlITOrrponyxceue, sarnopeire ca roprse CTPaHe, nox je OTBOp onanan. Ca norse cTPaHC OIlITe­heue. 3aTHJbaK je ojaxan xernpracrna, rrJIOlfaCTHM npoumpersea, CeKHpHIlITC neno­craje..[( = 19,4 em; liC = 13 em; W = 10 em;

7. CEKHPA (liHB. 6p. 3297) en. 2/3rBo:>K1)c, xoaarse.HaI)eHo y Cxenepeay.Ce-ntua je ycxa H nyraxxa, IlIHpH ce xa IlIHpOKOM H nonajenox ce-nmy nyxnor 06JIHKa.YIlIHUe cy sarnopene ca roprse CTPaHe, HellITO cy jly:>Ke H HMajy OTBOp rrpH6JIH:>KHOoaannor 06JIHKa IIpH ,UHy YIlIHUa nanaan ce Mana pyrra oxpyr.nor 06JIHKa aa rrpn­lfBpllInHBalbe na ceKHpHIlITe xoje nenocra]e..[( = 38,4 em; liC = 21,4 em; .[(Y = 15,6 em;

210

M. A.11:eKcHh Opyx]e H3 Cpe;:UilOBeKOBHe 36HpKe HapO,UHOr My3eja y Beorpany

8. BPX CTPEJIE (HHB. 6p. 2647) CJI. 3/1I'aoache, xonarse.Haheuo y Bpecromrxy KO,U Fpouxe, OKOJIHHa Beorpana,,[(Bo6pH,UHH npofiojau 'rpoyraonor 06JIMXa ca M3,Uy*eHMM xpajesmra 'rnna JIaCTMH pert,TYJIau je xpyxnor rtpecexa H npn npxy je ysujex, Je,UaH xpax npofiojua xao H 'rynauourrehena.,[( = 9,4 cm; IIIll = 2,3 em; IIIT = I,IUM;

9. BPX CTPEJIE (HHB. 6p. 3231) CJI. 3/2rBO)l(J)e, xonan,e.Haheno XO,U M3Bopa na JIOKaJIHTeTy llaBJIOBO Bpno y ceJIY Jleyumhy, cenepoaanamro O,Ul.{a'ixa.

Bpx crperre ca ,UBo6pH,UHMM npotiojucu rpoyraonor 06JIHKa H H3,Uy*eHHX xpajena THrraJIaCTHH pen. Ty.nau xpyxnor npecexa, npn spxy ynajen, npa ,UHy ourrehen.,[( = 6,7 em; IIIll = 2,2 em; IIIT = 0,8 em;

10. BPX CTPEJIE (HHB. 6p. 1853) CJI. 3/3rBo)l(])e, xosaise.Haheuo y KOCTOJIY XO,U KJIa,nOBa.Bpx crpe.ne HCTor TMrra xao H npenxonne, JIaeTHHperr ca 'ry.mresr, Ilpofiojau HMa neurroxpahe H unrpe xpaxe. Ty.nau rrpH6JIH)I(HO xpyxoror npecexa,,[( = 5,5 em; IIIll = 2,3 em;

11. BPX CTPEJIE (HHB. 6p. 1188) CJI. 3/4rBo)l(])e, xoaarse.Haheno na JIOKaJIHTeTy Kyneurane y ceJIY Tpirsapy XO,U Ea6YllIHHl.{e, sanaznro O,U Iln­pOTa.Tpo6pH,UHa crpemnia pOM6oH,UHOr 06JIHXa ca TpHOM aa ycahnaarse y ,UpBeHO TeJIOcrpene. Ilpofiojau ourrehen na amue MeCTa.,[( = 6,8 em; IIIll = 1,1 em; )Ul = 4,5 em;

12. BPX CTPEJIE (HHB. 6p. 1465)rBo)l(])e, xonan,e.Hen03HaTO MeCTO HaJIa3a.Ilpofiojan je Tp06pH,UaH, JIHCTOJIMXOr 06JIMXa. TYJIau xpyxoror npecexa,,[( = 6,9 em; IIIll = 1,5 em; )Ul = 3,5 em; IIIT = 0,9 em;

CJI. 3/5

13. BPX CTPEJIE (HHB. 6p. 3060) CJI. 3/6rBO)l(J)e, xoaarse.Haheno y ceJIY Pnrorrex XO,U Beorpana,Ilpofiojau je ,UBo6pH,UaH, pOM6oH,UHOr 06JIMXa. Ca ,UOlbe crpane nyra-rax TpH aa yea­J)HBalbe y TeJIO crpene. Ourrehena xOp03HjOM.on = 9,3 em; IIIll = 2,8 em; )Ul = 6,5 em;

14. BPX CTPEJIE (HHB. 6p. 1858) CJI. 3/7rBo)l(])e, xoaaise.Haheuo y KOCTOJIy XO,U KJIa,nOBa.,[(Bo6pH,UHH npofiojau ,UeJITOH,UHOr 06JIHKa 'iHje cy noise crpaire JIy'iHO npotpnmrcaneH cyxcasajy ce xa spary. Ca norse crpane xparax TpH aa ycahaaaise. Ilpofiojau ourrehen,on = 6,1 em; IIIll = 1,9 em;

211

fCA,LVJSAS 17 (2001) llpMJI03M. 113 apXCOJIOllIKMX 36MpKM

15. HO)l( (I1HB. 6p. 2503) eJI. 3/8I'nozche, KOBaH>e.

Hahen y Bpecronaxy KOn Tpouxe, OKOJIMHa Beorpana,Ce'lMBO jenHOOllITPM'IHO ca npaBI1M M neurro npourapemor 're.nyhejr.~llIKa je xparxa, noanjeua M saspurana ce npountpen.ex npl16JlM)I(HO JIOnTaCTor 06­JIMKa. llpl16JII1)1(HO na cpenmnr nputxe Hana311 ce npCTeHaCTO npounrperse. HO)l( jeourrehen KOp0311joM. Henocraje OIlJIaTa npurxe.

,1J. = 28,8 ern; ,1J.C = 24 ern; mc = 4 cm;

CKPA'FlEHHUE Y KATAJIOry

,1J. - yxynna nY)l(I1Ha npenaera,D,C - nY)l(MHa cexanamc - najneha urapnna cexaaaIIIT - najaeha unrpnna (npe-nuuc) 'ry.nua,D,Y - nY)l(MHa YllIMUa

IIIIT - untpmra npofiojua,1J.II - nY)l(MHa npofiojua

Y,l.J:K: 739.7.033(497.11)

MARKO ALEKSIC

WEAPONS FROM MEDIEVAL COLLECTIONOF NATIONAL MUSEUM IN BELGRADE

Summary

National Museum in Belgrade has given the Military Museum in Belgrade on aloan fifteen pieces of weaponry for the permanent exhibition of the museum. Theseare three spearheads, four axes, seven arrowheads and one battle knife. As all ofthese objects are chance finds from the territory of Serbia and acquired by purchasethere are no data about the finding conditions. Because of that we analyzed theirtypological and chronological characteristics and classified them in the catalogue andtexts as well as on figures according to the types of weaponry.

Spearhead found in the Danube (cat.no. 1; fig. 1/2) has the blade of deltoid shapeand has been in use in the various time periods. According to the similarity withmedieval finds from the central and western Balkans it was dated in the period fromthe 14th to the te'" century. Spearhead with elongated leaf-shaped blade also foundin the Danube (cat. no. 3; fig. 1/3a, 3b) by its shape resembles the type of the Celticspearheads but according to the analogies with medieval specimens discovered in theterritory of Serbia and Bosna dates from the 14th_15 th centuries. In the Danube hasalso been found the spearhead with slender blade of rectangular cross-section (cat.

212

M. AJIeKcl1h Opyzcje 113 Cpe;:UbOBeKOBHe 3611pKe Hapoznror My3eja y Beorpany

no. 2; fig. 1/1). The same type of spearhead had been recorded in Dubrovnik accordingto historic sources in 1349. By analogies with the finds from Bulgaria and Serbia thisspearhead has been dated into the 14th century.

Axe discovered in the vicinity of Zagubica, to the northwest of Bor, eastern Serbia(cat. no.4; fig. 1/4) belongs to the type of medieval axes very commonly used by theSlavs so it was possible to date it only generally into the medieval period. Axe foundin the Danube (cat. no. 5; fig. 2/1) has according to certain similarity with the findfrom the Iron Gates been dated generally in the 14th_16th centuries. Battle-axe fromthe unknown site (cat. no. 6; fig. 2/2) on the basis of analogies with specimens fromSerbia and Croatia as well as the painting representation of the axes from Russiadates from the 15th_16th century. Axe of large dimensions found in Smederevo (cat.no.7; fig. 2/3) is the most similar to two axes also originating from Smederevo andbelongs to the period between the 14th and 16th century.

The arrowheads from Brestovik near Belgrade (cat. no 8; fig. 3/1), Leusic to thenorthwest of Cacak (cat. no. 9; fig. 3/2) and Kostol near Kladovo by the Danube(cat.no. 10; fig. 3/3) have triangular tip with elongated lateral tangs and a socket.This type of arrowheads has been widely distributed among the Slavs but also in theWest and South Europe so it could be generally dated into medieval period. Thearrowhead tip with three edges and a tang from the vicinity of Nis (cat. no. 4; fig.3/4) belongs to the type of nomadic arrowheads and has been dated into the earlymedieval period. Three-edged arrowhead with socket from the unknown site (cat. no.12; fig. 3/5) according to the analogies from the Serbian Danube valley and Slovakiahad been in use in the 11th century. Two-edged rhomboid arrowhead with a tangfound in Ritopek near Belgrade (cat. no. 14; fig. 3/6) has numerous analogies in theEast Europe and in our territory such arrowheads have been in use during entiremedieval period. The arrowhead of deltoid shape with a tang from Kostol ncarKladovo (cat. no 14; fig. 3n) dates from the 14th_15th century.

Battle knife found in Brestovik near Grocka, vicinity of Belgrade (cat. no. 15; fig.3/8) by its shape and type resembles the Celtic battle knives and dates from the 1st

century Be.

12. 02. 2001.

213

rCA)J/JSAS 17 (200 1)

•

-.0-

-0

IlPI1JI0311. Hs apXeOJIOIIIKI1X 3611PKI1

--

214

1 2

CJl. 1. Konrsa,Fig. 1. Spears.

o3A 35

M. AJIeKcJ1h

o

3

Opyx]e J13 Cpe.lllbOBeKOBHC 36J1pKe Hapoztnor My3eja y Beorpany

1 '---- ~

2

CJI. 2. Cexapa,Fig. 2. Axes.

215

rCNI/JSAS 17 (2001) fIpHJI03H. II3 apXeOJIOlIIKHX 36HpKH

3

8

2

'-

1

4

(J.

en. 3. BpXOBH crpena (1-7); HO)l{ (8).Fig. 3. Arrowsa (1-7), knife (8).

216