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Lab Activity 26
Blood Pressure & Pulse
Institut Pendidikan Guru MalaysiaPJM3106
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Pulse
Carotid Pulse
Radial Pulse
Brachial Pulse
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Pulse
Dorsalis Pedis Pulse
Posterior Tibial Pulse
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Blood Pressure Cuffs
BP cuffs come in
different sizes.
Be sure to choose theone that is appropriate
for the patient
Large Adult
Infant
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Measuring Blood Pressure
Most cuffs are
marked with an O
or an arrow. This
should be placed
near the artery.
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Measuring Blood Pressure
Place the BP cuff
snugly on the
patient's arm.
Check to make sure
you have found the
artery.
Line the mark on
the cuff up with the
artery
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Measuring Blood
Pressure
Stethoscope:Note howthe ear pieces slantslightly in one direction.
Make sure the ear pieceson the stethoscope arepoint away from you
when you put them on. Place stethoscope on the
artery, tucked slightlyunder the cuff
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Measuring Blood
Pressure
The cuff should beplaced at the levelof the heart.
The patients arm(or leg) should becompletely relaxed.
Resting on thetable or in their labis helpful
WRONG TECHNIQUE
CORRECT TECHNIQUE
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Inflate the Cuff
A Grasp the bulb so that
your thumb can easily
access the valve.
Turn the valve to the right
to tighten it and pump up
the cuff, turn it to the left to
loosen it and deflate the
cuff.
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Measuring Blood
Pressure
Pump up the cuff until the
sphygmomanometer reads
180 to 200.
Loosen the valve to let a little of the air out.
Listen for the first heartbeat, that is the top number
(systolic BP)
Continue to listen until there are no moreheartbeats. The last beat you hear is the bottom
number (diastolic BP)
Let the air all the way out and remove the cuff.
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Video Demonstration for
Measuring Blood Pressure
http://www.uams.edu/csc/programs/orientat
ion/bloodPressure/TakingBP1.mov
http://www.uams.edu/csc/programs/orientation/bloodPressure/TakingBP1.movhttp://www.uams.edu/csc/programs/orientation/bloodPressure/TakingBP1.movhttp://www.uams.edu/csc/programs/orientation/bloodPressure/TakingBP1.movhttp://www.uams.edu/csc/programs/orientation/bloodPressure/TakingBP1.mov8/11/2019 m13 Amali Tekanan Darah
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Normal Blood Pressure
Reference:
August 2004, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Diseases and Conditions Index
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/Hbp/HBP_WhatIs.html
For adults 18 and older who: Are not on medicine for high blood pressure
Are not having a short-term serious illness
Do not have other conditions such as diabetes and kidney
disease
Systolic BP: Less than 120
Diastolic BP: Less than 80
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/Hbp/HBP_WhatIs.htmlhttp://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/Hbp/HBP_WhatIs.html8/11/2019 m13 Amali Tekanan Darah
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Pre-Hypertension
Systolic BP: between 120-139
Diastolic BP: between 80-89
Examples: 118/82, 128/89, or 130/86
If your blood pressure is in the pre-hypertension range,
it is more likely that you will end up with high blood
pressure unless you take action to prevent it.
Note: When systolic and diastolic blood pressures
fall into different categories, the higher category
should be used to classify blood pressure level.
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Hypertension
Stage 1
Systolic BP: between 140-159
Diastolic BP: between 90-99
Stage 2
Systolic BP: 160 or higher
Diastolic BP: 100 or higher
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Hypotension
Hypotension is a subnormal arterial pressure.
There is not enough pressure to adequately perfusethe tissues.
There is usually a mean arterial pressure (MAP)below 60 mmHg.
MAP= diastolic + 1/3(systolic-diastolic)
Example: BP= 120/70
MAP= 70 + 1/3(120-70)= 86.6
People who are chronically hypertensive may feelsymptoms of hypotension if their mean arterial pressure
drops by 40 mmHg, even if the absolute value is stillover 60.
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Orthostatic Hypotension
Orthostatic hypotension exists if the systolicdrops by 20mmHg, or if the diastolic dropsby 10mmHg upon sitting or standing for 3
minutes. Symptoms: headache, dimming of vision,
weakness, lightheadedness, that occur as go
from lying to sitting or standing position. Causes: volume depletion, diabetes,
medications such as anticholinergics,Parkinson's, etc.
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Measuring Orthostatic BP
Determine the blood pressure in the supine
position.
Sit the subject up, wait 3 minutes, andcheck the blood pressure again.
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The End