Malaysian Studies 2

8/18/2019 Malaysian Studies 2

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Malaysian StudiesChapter 1:

The Early History of Malaysia


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Why Learn History?What Is to Be Learned From History?

Know who you are, your society and country.

Appreciate individuals who fouht for our

independence and sovereinty.

!ot to repeat past "ista#es.

To e"ulate past lory.

Help us learn and i"prove ourselves.

$uide us to identify thins that we "usttreasure, e"ulate or re%ect.


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What You Will Learn in This Lecture

Malaysia&s historical 'ac#round:

(rehistoric Ae)ld Malay Kindo"s

The Malay Kindo" of Malacca


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Malaysia’s History Timeline

(rehistoric

*+, -C 1 -C

Early Hindu/Malay Kindo"s

100 BC - 1400 AD

0sla" and the $olden

Ae of Malacca

1400 - 1511

Colonial Malaysi

1511 - 1957

0ndependence and

)nwards

1957 - Present


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Prehistoric Malaysia

(eople started to live here since the Stone

Ae.

The Stone Ae is divided into several periods:

(aleolithic Early Stone Ae2

Mesolithic Middle Stone Ae2

!eolithic !ew Stone Ae2

Metal Ae


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(aleolithic*+ years ao

3ives in cavesCollects forest products and huntin

4ses si"ple stone tools


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Mesolithic11 years ao

3ives in caves and alon rivers and la#esStarted far"in

4ses re5ned stone toolsA'le to "a#e earthenware


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!eolithic+ years ao

4se co"ple6 stone toolsStarts rearin livestoc# and creatin o'%ects.4ses accessories li#e 'eads, and nec#laces

Co""unicates with other tri'es in otherplaces


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Metal Ae7+ years ao

More orderly lifestyle(racticed social custo"s

8eveloped residential areas3ives in wide open land near rivers

(opulation rew


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Old Malay Kingdoms

+ years ao, old #indo"s e"ered in theMalay Archipelao

Centres of overn"ent, trade and spread ofreliion

Several di9erent Malay #indo"s rise and fall

durin this period


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Old Malay Kingdoms

Early Malay Kindo"s Ti"eline

unan1

!"T#$I!%

3an#asu#a,(atani

7

Tun Sun,Seentin Kra

*

)ld Kedah,$ana!eara

+

Chih Tu, Tan Tan

;

Srivi%aya<

Matara"=

Ma%apahit1*


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The Malay Kingdom o& Malacca

>hy Malacca? To"e (ires states @Malacca is very fa"ous

and prosperous The "ost inBuential and powerful of all Malay

Kindo"s in its lory days)ften referred as the startin point for

(eninsular Malaysia&s Malay Sultanate


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Malacca&s E"pire


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ounded 'y (ara"eswara in 1* A.8.$rew into a reat E"pire in the Malay

ArchipelaoCenter for "ariti"e trade and the spread of

0sla"Dast territory respected 'y "ost, envied 'y

so"e


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>hy was Malacca prosperous?Strateic location for trade

Stron overn"ent F eGcient ad"inistration(rotected 'y China F has diplo"atic ties with

ava, 0ndia and Sia"3oyal su'%ects

Malay lanuae lingua franca


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$overnance / Ad"inistrationSultan

-endahara / (ri"e Minister Te"enun / Chief of 8efence

3a#sa"ana / Ad"iral(enhulu -endahari / inance Minister


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What ma'es a %ultan( a %ultan?-orn a #in, always a #inI

%)ecial $ights

His word is the law

Said to have the power to cursehis disloyal su'%ects

The only one whose house has a'alcony

The only "an who can use old %ewelry and weapons


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Language

4ses uniJue lanuae, e6clusiveonly to hi" and the people who

tal#s to hi"

%)ecial Items

)wns the oyal Kris, oyal Spear,!o'at a set of nine "usical

instru"ents2

olour The only one who uses yellow anwhite in his clothin and furniture

His su'%ects can only wear / usethe colours if he ives it to the"


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Malacca 3aws)ral F written laws

-ased on the Malay @adat or way of life

)ral word of the Sultan>ritten:

Hu#u" Kanun Mela#a

4ndan4ndan 3aut Mela#a


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Fall o& the Malacca !m)ire

Malacca&s prosperity and status was 'oth it&scurse and 'lessin

>hy? Te"pted "any countries to conJuer it

Eo / Co"fort Lone


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1+11Alfonso de Al'uJuerJue and

his 17 "en successfullyconJuered Malacca after

severely strulin for one

"onth


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>hy did Malacca fell?

InternalFactors

>ea# Sultan

>ea# overn"entConBicts a"on su'%ects

-ri'ery F Corruption

3ac#in in "odern wartechnoloy

The @waa&dat factor


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>hy did Malacca fell?

!*ternalFactors

8iscovery of the Cape of $ood

Hope easier for the (ortuueseto invade Malacca

Hih ta6es i"posed on"erchants


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onclusion

Malaysia&s early history is in 7 phases (rehistoric and Malay Kindo"s

0n Malay Kindo"s, Sultan holds the a'solute

power and is helped 'y his "inisters andadvisors

There are 7 for"s of laws oral F written The strenth of any country is tested durin

its pea# and Malacca failed the test

Documents

Malaysian Studies 2