May 30, 2012 ; Prague

May 30, 2012; Prague

DIVERGING OR CONVERGING EFFECTS OF CONTEMPORARY MEDIA

ON YOUNG AND AGED POPULATIONS

Aykut TorosE. Gülay Keskin

ZIVOT

1

İstanbul fotoğrafı ekle

Yeditepe Üniversitesi fotoğrafı Ekle

2

1. THE QUESTION2. THE DATA3. MAJOR TERMINOLOGY4. ANALYSIS5.SUMMARY EXTRACTIONS6.CONCLUSION

CONTENTS OF PRESENTATION

THE QUESTION:

IS CONTEMPORARY MEDIA

BRINGING TOGETHER

OR

PUSHING APART

THE ELDERLY AND NOT ELDERLY

THE DATA:

“2011 SOCIAL CHANGE AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SURVEY”

Department of SociologyYeditepe UniversityIstanbul; TURKEY

5

1- Questionnaire2 - Intervıever Manual3 -Address Updating4- Response Follow-up Forms5 - Telephone controls6 - Etc.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS

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GEOGRAPHIC DISTRUBUTION OF CLUSTERS

KMZ LINK

Face to face interviews were carried in: 539 Clusters 8 085 Households

Which required 17 154 single or multiple visits to households

Number of respondents interviewed Age 17 and above 22 735 completed interviews (H.H.response rate

82%) 21 199 aged 17-64 (not elderly) 1 639 aged 65 and above (elderly)

FIELDWORK RESULTS

24.M

art

25.M

art

26.M

art

27.M

art

28.M

art

29.M

art

30.M

art

31.M

art

01.N

isan

02.N

isan

03.N

isan

04.N

isan

05.N

isan

06.N

isan

07.N

isan

08.N

isan

09.N

isan

10.N

isan

11.N

isan

12.N

isan

13.N

isan

14.N

isan

Mart Nisan

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

INTERVIEW ACCUMULATION

PERC

ENT

OF

INTE

RVIE

WS

COM

PLET

ED

CALENDER OF FIELDWORK

1-Good organization leads to high quality of data

2-The graph shows smooth accumulation of data. No observable heaps or dips until 95% of the data was collected

Male51%

Female49%

Gender Distribution in SCSD Survey

Male50%

Female50%

Sex Distribution in TSI

EVIDENCE ON QUALITY OF DATA: EXTERNAL CONSISTENCY

DEMOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE

0-45-9

10-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-7475-7980-8485-89

90+

4,000,000 2,000,000 0 2,000,000 4,000,000

Tuskısh Statistical Instute

ErkekKadın

0 - 45 - 9

10 - 1415 - 1920 - 2425 - 2930 - 3435 - 3940 - 4445 - 4950 - 5455 - 5960 - 6465 - 6970 - 7475 - 7980 - 8485 - 89

90 - ve üzeri

-4,000,000 -2,000,000 0 2,000,000 4,000,000

SCSD Survey

ERKEKKADIN

AGE DISTRUBUTIONS (POPULATION PYRAMIDS)

ILLITERATE PRIMARY BASIC (Pr+Mid)

HIGH SCHOOL UNIVERSITY MASTERS Ph.D0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

SCSDTSI

CONSISTENCY IN EDUCATIONAL STATUS

TERMINOLOGY

APPROBATIVE: VALUES AND NORMS(ACTIONS) THAT ARE NOT ACCEPTED AS CONTRADICTORY TO THE SOCIAL PREFERENCES. PHENOMENA THAT ARE ON THE APPROVAL SIDE RATHER THAN ON THE DISAPPROVAL SIDE OF THE CONTINIUM

ELDERLY/NOT ELDERLY: ELDERLY ARE THOSE PEOPLE THAT ARE AT OR ABOVE AGE 65.NOT ELDERLY ARE THOSE PEOPLE THAT ARE BETWEEN AGE 17 THRU 64

CONTEMPORARY MEDIA: OLD AND NEW MEDIA THAT ARE IN USE IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD

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ANALYSIS

THREE GROUPS OF VARIABLES

DIVERGENCE/CONVERGENCE ISSUES(Values dimension)

1. "What Is the Position of Women in Society?"2. “Problems of which domain has priority, national domain or of your immidiate environment?"3. "Would you feel bothered if a women reaches top level government administration"4."We should show understanding to life style of those with different morals."5. "It is permissible to skip some of the religious obligations, under current living conditions6. "Do laws or leaders rule in the area that you live."7. "People like us have no say in politics "8. "Do you find the President trustworthy"9. “Do you trust the judicial courts"10.”Do you find European Union trustworthy".

APPROBATIVE BEHAVIOUR DETERMINANTS(Action dimension)

1. "Reads Paper Or Not"2. "Paper Read is Modern or Conservative "3. "Uses Social network or not"4. "Paper Read is Colorful or Dull"5. "Paper Read Have Big or Small Fonts"6. "Reads Columns or Not"7. "Most watched TV is Mainly Thematic or Entertaining"8. "Most watched TV is Neutral or Flanked".

CONTROL VARIABLES1.Gender2.Education3.Geographic Region

i.e. 10x8x3= 240 TABLES15

LEVELS OF ANALYSIS EMPLOYEDLevel 1: Simple comparison of percentages (on divergence/convergence issues).

Example:What percentage of elderly approves a divergence or convergence issue?

TABLE-00 Elderly or Not Elderly > What Is the Position of Women in Society?

%Not elderly(<65) Men&Women have

equal roles in Society68,24

Other Responses 31,76

Total 100.00

TABLE-00 Elderly or Not Elderly > What Is the Position of Women in Society?

%Elderly(>64) Men&Women

have equal roles in Society

61,52

Other Responses 38,48

Total 100.00

16

LEVELS OF ANALYSIS EMPLOYED (Cont’d)Level 2: Comparison of percentages by approbative dichotomies.

Example:What percentage of elderly approves a divergence or convergence issue by approbative dichotomies?

TABLE-01 What Is the Position of Women in Society? Elderly or Not Elderly BY Reads Paper Or Not

Reads Paper Or Not

Yes No

% % Men&Women have equal roles in Society

Not elderly(<65) 53,32 46,68 Elderly(>64) 36,46 63,54

Other Responses Not elderly(<65) 30,58 69,42 Elderly(>64) 21,38 78,62

TABLE-02 What Is the Position of Women in Society? Not Elderly BY Paper Read Have Big or Small Fonts

Paper Read Have Big or Small Fonts

Large Fonts Small Fonts

% %Men&Women have equal roles in Society

Not elderly(<65) 85,71 14,29

Elderly(>64) 84,09 15,91

Other Responses Not elderly(<65) 79,29 20,71

Elderly(>64) 70,80 29,20

TABLE-03 What Is the Position of Women in Society Elderly or Not Elderly BY Most watched TV is Neutral or

Flanked

Most watched TV is Neutral or Flanked

Neutral Flanked


Not elderly(<65) 15,25 84,75

Elderly(>64) 20,61 79,39


Elderly(>64) 23,51 76,49

TABLE-04 What Is the Position of Women in Society? Elderly or Not Elderly BY Uses Social network or not

Uses Social network or not

Uses Social Network

Do not Use Social Network


Not elderly(<65) 23,57 76,43

Elderly(>64) 5,91 94,09


Elderly(>64) 4,32 95,6817

LEVELS OF ANALYSIS EMPLOYED (Cont’d)Level 3: Ratios of non-elderly/elderly by divergence/convergence issues by approbative dichotomies.

Example: How similar or different are the ratios of non-elderly/elderly by divergence/convergence issues by approbative dichotomies. TABLE-05 What Is the Position of Women in

Society? Elderly or Not Elderly BY Reads Paper Or Not

Reads Paper Or Not N/E N/E

Yes No Yes No% % ratio ratio

Men&Women have equal roles in Society

Not elderly(<65) 53,32 46,68 1,46 0,73Elderly(>64) 36,46 63,54

Other Responses Not elderly(<65) 30,58 69,42 1,43 0,88Elderly(>64) 21,38 78,62

TABLE-06 What Is the Position of Women in Society? Elderly or Not Elderly BY Paper Read

Have Big or Small Fonts

Paper Read Have Big or Small Fonts N/E N/ELarge Fonts

Small Fonts Yes No

% % ratio ratioMen&Women have equal roles in Society



TABLE-07 What Is the Position of Women in Society? Elderly or Not Elderly BY Most watched

TV is Neutral or Flanked

Most watched TV is Neutral or Flanked N/E N/ENeutral Flanked Yes No




TABLE-08 What Is the Position of Women in Society? Elderly or Not Elderly BY Uses Social

network or not

Uses Social network or not N/E N/E

Uses Social

Network

Do not Use

Social Network Yes No



Other Responses Not elderly(<65) 11,12 88,88 2,57 0,93Elderly(>64) 4,32 95,68 18

OF COURSE WE CAN NOT PRESENT TO YOU ALL THE TABLES IN THE SAME MANNER

INSTEAD, WE SHALL BE PRESENTING

SUMMARY EXTRACTIONS

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Among the group which adopts a conservative behavior (i.e. Do not read daily newspapers)

Percentage of young (not elderly) adopting an approbative value (Men&Women have equal roles in Society) = 46.6%

divided by

Percentage of elderly adopting and approbative behaviour (Men&Women have equal roles in Society)= 63.54%

Ratio =(46.6)/(63.54)

=0.73

GUIDE FOR INTERPRETING THE RATIOS

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15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 870

0.1

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FIGURE-01 PROPORTION NOT READING NEWPAPER (BY SINGLE AGES)

AGES

PROPO

RTION

NO

T READING N

EWPAPER

1516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576777879808182838485

0.0

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FIGURE-02 PROPORTION NOT READING NEWPAPER (BY AGE AND GENDER)

MalePolynomial (Male)Female

AGES

PROPO

RTION

NO

T READING N

EWPAPER

PROPORTION NOT READING NEWPAPERS

Observation:-Proportion Not reading newspapers are much higher in the older cohorts compared to younger cohorts.

Observation:1.Proportion of females not reading newspapers are higher than males in all cohorts

2.Among males, proportions decrease in young and pre-elderly cohorts

3.Male and female ratios become similar in elderly cohorts

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FIGURE - 03 RATİO OF MALES/FEMALES WHO NOT READING NEWPAPERS(BY SINGLE AGES)

AGES

RATIO

FEMALE APPROBATIVE BEHAVIOR DISADVANTAGES AT MIDDLE AGES

Observation:

-There is a gender related social integration gap and this is against females.

-There is a female rejuvenation after age 60. After age 60, the gap narrows and closes among the very upper age cohorts

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1 12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 100 111122 133 1440.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

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3.0

3.5

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5.0

FIGURE – 04 APPROBATIVE OR NOT APPROBATIVE VALUES RATIOS (SORTED UNCONJUNCTIONALLY)

Approbative

VALUES ITEMS SORTED BY RATIO

% O

F NO

T ELDERLY) / (% O

F ELDERLY)

1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 1011111211311411510.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

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3.0

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FIGURE – 05 APPROBATIVE OR NOT APPROBATIVE VALUES RATIOS (SORTED CONJUNTIONALLY)

Approbative

BEHAVIOR ITEMS SORTED BY NO APPROBATIVE ITEMS

% O

F NO

T ELDERLY) / (% O

F ELDERLY)

MIDDLE LEVEL ACTIVITY SYNDROME (TOTAL POPULATION)

Observation:-Conservative behaviour , similar approbative values-Non conservative behaviour, approbative values start to differentiate-Differentiation starts after athreshold-Differentiation shows a bell shaped curve

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MIDDLE LEVEL ACTIVITY SYNDROME (MALE FEMALE DIFFERENCES)

1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 1011111211311411510.0

1.0

2.0

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6.0

FIGURE – 06 APPROBATIVE OR NOT APPROBATIVE VALUES RATIOS (MALES)

Action


% O

F NO

T ELDERLY) / (% O

F ELDERLY)

1 12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 1001111221331440.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

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7.0

FIGURE – 07 APPROBATIVE OR NOT APPROBATIVE VALUES RATIOS (FEMALES)

Approbative


% O

F NO

T ELDERLY) / (% O

F ELDERLY)

Observation:-There is a difference between males and females-Female threshold level is earlier (lower) then males-Female value similarities shows oscillations

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1 4 7 10 13 16 190.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

FIGURE-08APPROBATIVE VALUES RATIOS BY

READING PAPERS OR NOT

ReadsPaperDoes not ReadPaper

1 4 7 10 13 16 190.000.200.400.600.801.001.201.40

FIGURE-09:ABBROBATIVE BEHAVIOR RATIOS BY

WATCHING NEUTRAL OR FLANKED TV

TV neutralTV Flanked

1 4 7 10 13 16 190.000.501.001.502.002.503.003.504.004.505.00

FIGURE-10:APPROBATIVE VALUES RATIOS BY USING SOCIAL NETWORK OR NOT

UsesSocNetDo not use SocNet

EXAMPLES OF APPROBATIVE RATIOS BY TYPE OF MEDIA AND BY TYPE OF BEHAVIOR

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112131415161718190.000.501.001.502.002.503.003.504.004.505.00

FIGURE-12: EFFECTS OF MEDIA ON APPROBATIVE VALUES

ReadsPaperTV neutralUsesSocNet

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 190.000.200.400.600.801.001.201.40

FIGURE-11: EFFECTS OF MEDIA ON NON-APPROBATIVE VALUES

Does not ReadPaperTV FlankedDo not use SocNet

- Observation:

- When relation with the media is of unapprobative nature, there seems to be no difference between young and the elderly on approbative values.

- -When relations with the media is of approbative nature, there appears to be adifference between young and the elderly on approbative values.

- -The visibility of divergence is most appearent with social network usage.

MEDIA AND APPROBATIVE VALUES

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CONCLUSION

-Proportion Not reading newspapers are much higher in the older cohorts compared to younger cohorts.

-There is a female rejuvenation after age 60. After age 60, the gap narrows and closes among the very upper age cohorts

-Differentiation shows a bell shaped curve

…and may be most importantly

-Differences between not elderly and elderly in “using social network” appears to be the most differentiating factor. So converging policies would require promotion use of social network among elderly. 27

THANK YOUAykut Toros

([email protected])

E. Gülay Keskin([email protected])

28

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

29

sdsg2011sonuc.kmz

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Documents

May 30, 2012 ; Prague