Mcmurry Oc8e Ev Ch01

7/27/2019 Mcmurry Oc8e Ev Ch01

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Chapter 1Structure and Bonding

SHORT ANSWER

1. Give the ground-state electron configuration for carbon (atomic number 6).

ANS:1s22s22px

12py1or 1s22s22p2

2. Give the ground-state electron configuration for fluorine (atomic number ).

ANS:

1s22s22px22py

22pz1or 1s22s22p!

".Give the ground-state electron configuration for magnesium (atomic number 12).

ANS:

1s22s22p6"s2

#. $o% man& electrons does silicon have in its valence shell'

ANS:

four

Exhibit 1-1

rite valid e%is (electron-dot) structures for each formula belo%. Sho% all electrons as dots and sho%

all non-bonding electrons.

!. *2*l# tetrachloroeth&lene

ANS:

6. *+2 carbon dio,ide

ANS:

. *$#+ methanol

1


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Structure and Bonding

ANS:

Exhibit 1-2

*onsider the structure of urea sho%n belo% to ans%er the follo%ing /uestion(s).

0. efer to ,hibit 1-2. 3ill in an& non-bonding valence electrons that are missing from the line-bond

structure.

ANS:

. efer to ,hibit 1-2. 4he carbon atom in urea is:

sp"h&bridi5edsp2h&bridi5ed

sph&bridi5ed

not h&bridi5ed

ANS:

b

1. efer to ,hibit 1-2. 4he 7redicted N$2*8+ bond angle in urea is:

1.!

12

10

not 7redictable

ANS:b

2


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*ha7ter 1

Exhibit 1-

9etermine the h&bridi5ation for the indicated atoms in each structure belo%.

11. efer to ,hibit 1-". 4he h&bridi5ation of this o,&gen atom (A) is .

ANS:

sp2

12. efer to ,hibit 1-". 4he h&bridi5ation of this o,&gen atom (B) is .

ANS:

sp"

1". efer to ,hibit 1-". 4he h&bridi5ation of this carbon atom (C) is .

ANS:

sp"

1#. efer to ,hibit 1-". 4he h&bridi5ation of this carbon atom (!) is .

ANS:

sp

1!. 4he molecular formula *2$#+ can be converted into three-line bond (;e


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16. 4he original /uestion %as combined %ith @1!. 4his 7laceholder /uestion is here to maintain the

integrit& of the numbering s&stem bet%een the 7rinted co7& and ,amie%. 4herefore it has been

mar


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*ha7ter 1

Exhibit 1-"

Fro7ose 7ossible structures for a molecule that meets each of the follo%ing descri7tions.

1. efer to ,hibit 1-#. *ontains t%osp"h&bridi5ed carbons and t%osph&bridi5ed carbons.

ANS:

2. efer to ,hibit 1-#. *ontains onesp"h&bridi5ed carbon and t%osp2h&bridi5ed carbons.

ANS:

21. *onvert the follo%ing molecular model into a condensed structure and a s


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ANS:

2". *onvert the follo%ing molecular model into a condensed structure and a s

2#. ?ndicate the h&bridi5ation on each of the carbon atoms indicated %ith a number in the molecularmodel sho%n.

ANS:

*arbon 1: sp"

*arbon 2: sp2

6


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*ha7ter 1

2!. 9ra% the orbital diagram sho%ing the ground-state electron configuration of sulfur.

ANS:

26. 3ill in an& nonbonding valence electrons that are missing from the follo%ing structural

re7resentation of the amino acid c&steine.

ANS:

2. 4here are t%o substances %ith the molecular formula *2$N. 9ra% them and describe ho% the&

differ.

ANS:

4he t%o structures differ in the number of h&drogen atoms and carbon atoms bonded to the nitrogenatom. 4he first structure contains the carbon atoms bonded in a t%o carbon chain %hile in the second

structure the t%o carbons atoms are isolated from each other b& the nitrogen atom.


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#$%T&'%E CHO&CE

1. +verla7 of the t%o atomic orbitals sho%n could result in a:

bond

bond

or de7ending on the direction of the overla7.

ANS: *

2. $&bridi5ation of the atomic orbitals sho%n %ould result in:

sp"h&bridi5ation

sp2

h&bridi5ationsph&bridi5ation

ANS: E

". hich of the follo%ing re7resents a h&brid orbital'

0


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*ha7ter 1

ANS: 9

#. hat t&7e of h&bridi5ation is e,hibited b& carbon in the follo%ing substance':

sp"h&bridi5ation

sp2h&bridi5ation

sph&bridi5ation

ANS: E

!. hat t&7e of h&bridi5ation is e,hibited b& carbon in the follo%ing substance':

sp"h&bridi5ationsp2h&bridi5ation

sph&bridi5ation

ANS: *

6. hat t&7e of h&bridi5ation is e,hibited b& the nitrogen atom in the follo%ing substance and ho%

man& lone 7airs are 7resent on the nitrogen':

sp"h&bridi5ation and 1 lone 7air

sp2h&bridi5ation and l lone 7airsph&bridi5ation and 1 lone 7air

sp"h&bridi5ation and 2 lone 7airs


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sp2h&bridi5ation and 2 lone 7airs

sph&bridi5ation and 2 lone 7airs

ANS: A

. ?f all the missing bonds in the follo%ing structure are sigma bonds to h&drogen atoms ho% man&

h&drogen atoms are missing from this structure' Atoms other than carbon are labeled.

112

1#None of these is the correct number.

ANS:

1

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Mcmurry Oc8e Ev Ch01