MIS stud-1

8/9/2019 MIS stud-1

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MIS

Session 1

Prof. Ruchi Khandelwal

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Data

Data is a set of isolated raw facts , figure,

statistic, unrelated and uninterrupted. is unprocessed facts and figures without

any added interpretation or analysis.

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Information

Ínformation is data that has beenprocessed into a form that is meaningful tothe recipient and is of real or perceived

value in current or perspective actions ordecisions.µ

By³Davis and Olson

Information is usually defined as:

Órganized dataµ (Saint-Onge, 2002);´Data endowed with relevance and purposeµ

(Drucker, 2001);

Ínterpreted dataµ (Probst et alii, 2002).

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Information System

An Information system can be defined asgroup of components working together.These components include equipment(or

hardware) , instructions (or software),datastored in the system, the people to operatethe system, and procedures for the people tofollow. (Nickerson 1998)

An Info system collects, processes, analyzesand disseminates information for a specificpurpose.

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Activities of an ISActivities of an IS

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Components of an Information

System

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Methods of data and information

collectionOld filesObservationMass media of communication and

publicationsLibrary researchGovernment agenciesMeetings, seminars, workshops and

conferences InterviewsSurvey Internet

Purchased from outside

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Operational excellenceOperational excellence

Support of its business processes and operations.

Improved efficiency results in higher profitability

Is an important contributor to operational efficiency, employeeproductivity and morale, and customer service & satisfaction.

NewNew products, services, andproducts, services, and New business modelsNew business models A business model includes how a company produces, delivers, andA business model includes how a company produces, delivers, and

sells its products and servicessells its products and services

The music industry has seen drastic changes in business models inThe music industry has seen drastic changes in business models inrecent yearsrecent years

BusinessObjectives of Information SystemsBusinessObjectives of Information Systems

Wal-Mart is the champion of combining information systemsand best business practices toachieve operational efficiency²and $285 billion in sales in 2005

Apple has been very successful atApple has been very successful atintroducing new products andintroducing new products andadopting a new business modeladopting a new business model

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Customer and supplier intimacyCustomer and supplier intimacy

Close relationships with suppliers result in lower costs

Improved decision making Improved decision making

Real-time data have improved the ability of managers to makedecisions

Verizon uses a Web-based digital dashboard to update managers with

real-time data on customer complaints, network performance, and lineoutages

Competitive advantageCompetitive advantage

Cost advantageCost advantage

Differentiation advantageDifferentiation advantage SurvivalSurvival

Minimizes paper work.

Helps in business planning

Dell Computer is one of the best

examples of establishing competitiveadvantage as the company hascontinued to be profitable during atime when PC prices have been falling steadily

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System Concept

Term ´Systemµ is derived from Greek wordSystema which means an organized relationshipamong functioning unit or components.

A system is a group of interdependent itemsthat interact regularly to perform a task.

A

system is a collection of people, machines,and methods organized to accomplish a setof specific tasks.

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What is a System?

ManufacturingProcess

Input ofRaw Materials

Output ofFinished Products

Environment

Other Systems

Control byManagementControlSignals ControlSignals

FeedbackSignals

FeedbackSignals

System Boundary

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Char acteristics of system

Systems consist of interrelated components (a relationshipexists between parts and the whole).

Systems have inputs, processes, outputs.

Each system has a purpose that has to be achieved throughfunctioning.

Every system has a life cycle.

Every system is engaged according to certain rules,regulations, principles and policies.

Interdependent components.

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System related concepts

System Boundaries

Systems and Sub Systems

Outputs and Inputs Subsystem Interface

System and its Environment

System Feedback and control

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System Entropy -disorder of a system

System Stress and Change ²due to

problems, new business opportunities,and new management directives.

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Need of an efficient Information System Create an Impact on the Organization's functions and Support

of the business processes and operations. Create Database and Knowledge base for all.

Create an Information-based work Culture in organization.

Bring Clarity in Communication and on time information.

Improving the administration of a business by streamliningthe operation, support of its strategies for competitive

advantage

Improves the Quality and Timeliness of Decisions.

Brings a high degree of professionalism in the businessoperations.

Managerial decision making and efficiency can be increase.

Help in directing the entire organization towards the commongoals.

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Documents

MIS stud-1