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MILITARY SPECIFICATION

MIL-F-53053 ~

17 July 1985

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FUEL PRODUCT, COAL-OIL MIXTURE (COM):

INDUSTRIAL TYPE COMBUSTOR-1301LERS

This specification is approved for use by all Departments and Agenciesof the Department of Defense.

1. SCOPE

1.1 Scope. This specification covers one grade of industrial type, combustor-boiler, coal-oil mixture, fuel product, hereinafter referred to as “COM”.

1.2 Site-specific requirements. Various chemical and physical properties of

COM directly affect the retrofit of boilers to be adapted to COM firing. The

appendix to this specification contains guidelines that affect boiler retrofitto COM use and the selection of site-specific requirements that are necessaryfor acquisition of COM suitable for use in retrofitted boilers.

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 Government documents.

2.1.1 Specifications and standards. Unless otherwise specified, the

following specifications and standards of the issue listed in that issue of theDepartment of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DoDISS) specifiedin the solicitation, form a part of this specification to the extent specified

herein.

STANDARDS

FEDERAL

FED-STD-791 - Lubricants, Liquid Fuels and RelatedProducts; Methods of Testing.

MILITARY

MIL-STD-129 - Marking for Shipment and Storage.

[Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent 1data which may be of use in improving this document should be addressed to: USA

Belvoir Research and Development Center, ATTN: STRBE-DS, Fort Belvoir, VA

22060-5606 by using the self-addressed Standardization Document Improvementproposal (DD Fo~ 1426) appearing at the end of this document or by letter.

FSC 9140

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT As Approved for public release; distribution is

unlimited.

Downloaded from http://www.everyspec.com

MIL-F-53053

2.1.2 Other Government documents, drawings, and publications The followingother Government documents, drawings, and publications form a part of this

specification to the extent specified herein. %/’

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (DOT) - . ..-—- .-- - -.. - - ---- ---- .- -

49 CFR, 171-179 - Hazardous Materials Regulations.

(Application for copies should be addressed to the Superintendent ofDocuments, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402s)

(Copies of specifications, standards, and drawings required by contractors inconnection with specific acquisition functions should be obtained from the

contracting activity or as directed by the contracting officer. )

2.2 Other publications. The following document(s) form a part of thisspecification to the extent specified herein. The issues of the documents which

a~e indicated as DoD adopted shall be the issue listed in the current DoDISS andthe supplement thereto, if applicable.

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

D95-

D 197 -D 388 -D 396 –D 1857 -D 2015 -

D 2669 -

D 3174 -D 3177 -D 3236 -D 3286 -

D 4057 -Ell-

Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials byDistillation.Sampling and Fineness Test of Pulverized Coal.Coals by Rank.Fuel Oils.Fusibility of Coal and Coke Ash.Gross Calorific Value of Solid Fuel by the Adiabatic BombCalorimeter.Apparent Viscosity of Petroleum Waxes Compounded with Additives

(Hot Melts).Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke.Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke.

Apparent Viscosity of Hot Melt Adhesives and Coating Materials.Gross Calorific Value of Solid Fuel by the Isothermal Jacket Bomb

Calorimeter.Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products.Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Purposes.

(The test methods listed above are included in Volumes 05.01, 05.02, 05.03,and 05.05 of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards and are available individually.Applications for copies of all ASTM publications should be addressed to theAmerican Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA

19103.)

(Industry association specifications and standards are generally available for

reference from libraries. They are also distributed among technical groups and

using Federal agencies. )

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MIL-F-53053

2.3 Order of precedence. In the event of aspecification and the references cited herein,

shall take precedence.

3. REQUIREMENTS

conflict between the text of thisthe text of this specification

3.1 Description. The COM shall be a mixture of pulverized bituminous coaland residual fuel oil. The COM may also contain limited amounts of water and

stabilizing additives. The COM is subject to temperature limitations for

storage and use that are similar to Not 6 fuel oil (see 6.5).

3.2 Materials. Materials shall be as specified herein. Materials not

specified shall be selected by the contractor and shall be subject to allprovisions of this specification.

3.2.1 Coal. Coal shall be pulverized bituminous coal which conforms to thepulverized coal properties specified in table I. The contractor shall obtain

the name and location of the coal bed which was the source of the coal and shallmake the name and location of the bed available for review by the contractingofficer or designated representative.

TABLE I. Pulverized coal properties.

Property Amount ASTM test method

Fineness; Passing ASTM E 11 wire clothSieve sizes, percent, minimum (rein)

No. 100 Sieve (150 micrometers [#ml)No. 200 Sieve (75#m)No. 325 Sieve (45#m)

Fixed carbon; dry, mineral-matter-freebasis : percent, min

Volatile matter; dry, mineral-matter-free basis: percent, maximum (max)

9980Report

70

30

D 197

D 388~/

D 388 ~i

1/ The Parr formula or the approximation formula may be used, but in the eventof dispute, the Parr formula shall be the referee method.

3.2.2 Oil. Oil shall conform to ASTM D 396, grade No. 6 fuel oil.

3.2.3 Water. Water shall be fresh or potable quality. Before adding to the

COM, water shall be filtered through a size No. 100 (150#m) wire cloth sieve

conforming to ASTM E 11. Salt, saline or brackish water shall not be added to

the COM. .


MIL-F-53053

3.2.4 Additives. Additives to the COM shall be limited to stabilizing

additives. Additives shall contain no sodium and shall not act by forming gels

(see 6.3.1). Any additive to the COM shall be identified by at least one of theu

following:

a. Chemical name, composition and structure.b. Manufacturer’s name and address, trade name or commercial designation,

and generic chemical classification.

The contractor shall obtain the identify of any additives to the COM and shallmake the identity available for review by the contracting officer or designatedrepresentative.

,3.3 Physical and chemical properties.

3.3.1 Coal content. The coal content of the COM shall be not less than 40percent nor more than 60 percent.

3.3.2 Oil content. The oil content of the COM shall be not less than 40percent nor more than 60 percent.

3.3.3 Water content. The water content of the COM, including water used in

grinding, preparation, absorbed moisture, water contamination and water present

as an ingredient in any stabilizing additivej shall be not more than 10 percent.

3.3.4 Additive content. The stabilizing additive content of the COM shall be

not more than 2 percent.u

3.3.5 Sulfur content. The sulfur content of theCOM shall be not more thanthe percent specified (see 6.2).

3.3.6 Gross calorific value. The gross calorific value of the COM, when

tested in accordance with ASTM D 2015 or ASTM D 3286, shall be not less than thevalue specified (see 6.2)*

3.3.7 Ash content. The ash content of the COM shall be not more than the

percent specified (see 6.2).

3.3.7.1 Ash softening temperature. The softening temperature of the ash in

an oxidizing atmosphere shall be not less than the temperature specified (see6.2).

3.3.8 Fineness. The fineness of the COM shall be such that when pumpedthrough a 180/L m (size No. 80) wire cloth sieve, the material retained on the

sieve shall be not more than 0.1 percent.

3.3.9 Viscosity.

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MIL-F-53053

3.3.901 Viscosity at 50° C (122° E’). The viscosity of the COM at 50° C (122°

F), when measured at shear rates of 10, 100, 3000 reciprocal seconds (s-l),

shall be not more than the viscosity specified (see 6*2).

3.3.9.2 Viscosity at 85° C (185° F). The viscosity of the COM, at a tempera-ture of 85° C (185° F), when measured at shear rates of 10, 100, and 3000 S-l,shall be not more than the viscosity specified (see 6.2).

3.3.10 Stability. The stability of the COM shall be such that the viscosity

of COM aged for not less than 30 days at 50° C shall not differ from theoriginal non-aged COM viscosity by more than 30 percent.

3.4 Workmanship. The COM shall be uniform in appearance and free from ltnnps,hard pack (see 6.3.2), and supernatant liquid.

4. QUALITY ASSURAN6E PROVISIONS

4.1 Responsibility for inspection- Unless otherwise specified in the

contract, the contractor is responsible for the performance of all inspection

requirements as specified herein. Except as otherwise specified in thecontract, the contractor may use his own or any other facilities suitable forthe performance of the inspection requirements specified herein, unlessdisapproved by the Government. The Government reserves the right to perform anyof the inspections set forth in the specification where such inspections aredeemed necessary to assure that supplies and services conform to prescribed

requirements.

4.1.1 Inspection requirements. Inspection requirements shall be inaccordance with F’ED-STD-791, method 9601.

4.1.2 Component and material inspection. The contractor is responsible forinsuring that components and materials are manufactured, examined and tested in

accordance with referenced specifications and standards, as applicable.

4.2 Classification of inspection. The inspection requirement specifiedherein is classified as a quality conformance inspection (see 4.3).

4.3 Quality conformance inspection.

4.3.1 Sampling.

4.3.1.1 Lot. For the purpose of quality conformance inspection, a lot shallbe all of t=COM produced by one manufacturer at one plant, from the same batch

of raw materials and by the’same manufacturing pfbcessj during one 24 hourperiod, which is offered for inspection at one ~ime. The lot size shall be

determined as the quality of filled bulk (tank truck or tank car) containers

offered for inspection.


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MIL-F-53053

4.3.1.2 Sampling for examination and tests. Sampling for examination and

tests shall be in accordance with D 4057.

4.3.2 Examination. Samples selected in accordance with 4.3.1.2 shall be

examined as specified in 4.4.1. AQL shall be 1.0 percent defective.

4.3.3 Tests. Samples selected in accordance with 4.3.1.2 shall be tested as

specified in 4.4.2. Failure of any test shall be cause for rejection.

4.4 Inspection procedure.

4.4.1 Examination. The COM shall be examined for conformance to 3.4. Non-uniformity of appearance, presence of lumps, presence of hard pack, or presenceof supernatant liquid shall be individual defects.

4.4.2 Tests. The COM shall be tested as specified in table II, in the ordershown.

TABLE 11. COM test schedule.

Test Test paragraph Requirement paragraph

Coal content. 4.4.2.1.1 3.3.1Oil content. 4.4.2.1.2 3.3.2

Water content. 4.4.2.2 3.3*3

Additives content. 4.4.2.3 3*3.4

Sulfur content. 4.4.2.4 3.3.5, 6.2c

Gross calorific value 4.4.2.5 3.3.6, 6.2d

Ash content. 4.4.2.6 3.3.7, 6.2e

Ash softening temperature. 4.4.2.7 3.3.7.1, 6.2f

Fineness of COM. 4.4.2.8 3.3.8

Viscosityat 50° C (122° F). 4.4.2.9 3.3.9.1, 6.2g

at 85° C (185° F). 4.4.2.9 3.3.9.2, 6.2h

Stability. 4.4.2.10 3.3.10

4.4.2.1 Coal and oil content tests. The coal and oil content tests use

acetone to wash the COM. It is possible that some compounds contained in thecoal in COM formulations will be soluble in the oil or in the acetone used towash the COM in these tests. When such is the case, the soluble part of thecoal may be washed through the filter along with the oil and cause systematicerrors in both coal and oil content tests. To compensate for such errors,

prepare a known mixture of coal, oil, water and additives by weighing out these

components from the same source of bulk material used in the COM formulationbeing tested, in approximately identical proportions as the COM formulation.Mix the components thoroughly into a working standard and test the working

standard for both coal and oil content as specified herein. Compare the,.

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MIL-F-53053

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percentages known to be in the working standard with the percentages obtainedfor working standard samples tested, Calculate correction factors for both coal

content and oil content in accordance with the following equations:

Correction factor, coal = Percent coal known to be in working standard...-. - Percent coal found in working standard when

tested as specified.

Correction factor, oil = Percent oil known to be in working standardPercent oil found in working standard whentested as specified.

Warning

Tests for coal and oil content may be hazardous due to the highly flammablecharacteristics of acetone. Use caution in the storage and use of acetone.

The United States Government neither assumes nor accepts responsibility for anyinjury or damage that may occur during or as a result of these tests.

4.4.2.1.1 Coal content test. Weigh a 1.0 micrometer (#m) porosity poly-tetrafluoroethylene membrane filter to the nearest milligram (mg). Place thefilter in a holder and assemble to a suction flask. Weigh out 5 grams (g) ofCOM to the nearest mg and transfer it quantitatively to the assembled suctionfilter flask. Use a small amount of acetone from a wash bottle to rinse the COMcontainer and to transfer any adhering COM to the filter. Wash the COM with

approximately 80 milliliters (mL) of acetone in 20 mL increments. (Ifdifficulty in filtration is experienced, this test may have to be repeated witha higher porosity filter). When washing is complete, save the filtrate for the

oil content test specified in 4.4.2.1.2. Dry the filter and retained coalparticles at 105° C (221° F) for one hour, cool, and weigh to the nearest mg.From the initial weight of the COM specimen and the weight of the dried coalparticles, calculate the percentage of coal in the CON. Multiply the result bythe correction factor, coal obtained from the working standard equation in4.4.2.1. A corrected coal content of less than 40 percent or more than 60percent shall constitute failure of this test.

4.4.2.1.2 Oil content test. Pour the filtrate saved from the coal contenttest into a previously weighed evaporating dish and rinse the filtration flaskwith acetone. Add the rinse washings to the dish. Gently warm the dish until .

the acetone has evaporated. Exercise care to avoid spilling or splashing of the

liquid. Then, heat the dish and contents for one hour in an oven at 105° C(221° F) to evaporate any remaining water, while avoiding spilling or splashing.

Remove the dish after the hour has elapsed and allow to cool. Weigh the dishand remaining contents to the nearest mg. Subtract the weight of the dish to

obtain the weight of the oil remainder. From the initial weight of the COM

sample and the weight of the oil remainder, calculate the percentage of oil inthe COM. Multiply the result by the correction factor, oil obtained from theworking standard equation in 4.4.2. 1. A corrected oil content of less than 40

percent or more than 60 percent shall constitute failure of this test.

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MIL-F-53053

4.4.2.2 Water content test. Water content of the COM shall be tested in

accordance with ASTM D 95. A water content of more than 10 percent shall

constitute failure of this test.

4.4.2.3 Additive test. There are few chemical restrictions on additives tostabilize COM. Therefore, no unique test can be specified as to percentage ofadditive and the primary control on additive percentage of the total weight ofCOM must occur during the manufacturing process. However, any physical orchemical tests used for quality control of any additive used in the manufact-uring process, including detailed procedures, shall be made available for review

by the contracting officer or designated representative.

4.4.2.4 Sulfur content test. The sulfur content of the COM shall be

determined in accordance with ASTM D 3177. A sulfur content percentage thatexceeds the amount specified (see 6.2c) shall constitute failure of this test.

4.4.2.5determined

value thattest.

4.4.2.6accordance

Gross calorific value. The gross calorific value of the COM shall bein accordance with ASTM D 2015 or ASTM D 3286. A gross calorific

is less than specified (see 6.2d) shall constitute failure of this

Ash content test. The ash content of the COM shall be determined in

with ASTM D 3174. An ash content percentage that is more than

specified (see 6.2e) shall constitute failure of this test.

4.4.2.7 Ash softening temperature. The softening temperature of the ash in

the COM shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D 1857. An ash softening

temperature that is less than specified (see 6.2f) shall constitute failure ofthis test.

4.4.2.8 Fineness of COM test. This test requires that the specimen be taken

at a sampling port and valve downstream of the mixing unit so that a heated,

pressurized stream of COM is available for testing. Prepare a screen assembly

containing a No. 80 (180#m) wire cloth screen conforming to ASTM E 11. Route

the heated, pressurized COM stream through the screen assembly. Flush the port

and valve with the screen assembly removed and replace the screen assembly.Weigh a clean, empty container having a capacity of approximately 2 liters (L)oPlace the container to receive COM after passing through the screen assembly.Open the valve at the port and allow not less than 1.0 kilogram (kg) of COM toflow through the screen assembly. Close the valve and transfer any COM clinging

to the downstream side of the screen assembly to the 2 L container. Weigh the

container with the collected COM to the nearest g. Subtract the weight of the

container to obtain the weight of the COM to the nearest g. Remove the screen

assembly, wash the retained particles on the screen with acetone, and allow todry. Observe the warning concerning acetone specified in 4.4.2.1. Then tap or

brush the retained particles onto a glazed paper or foil. Weigh the retained

particles to the nearest mg. Calculate the percent retained particles accordingto the following equation:

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MIL-F-53053

Percent retained particles = ‘eight ‘f ‘etained particles ~lOoWeight of collected COM

A percent of retained particles which is greater than 0.1 shall constitutefailure of this test.

4.4.2.9 Viscosity test. The viscosity of the COM at 50° C (122° 1?)and 85° C(185° F) shall be determined in accordance with ASTMD 2669 orASTM D 3236. Thetest method used, make and model of instrument, spindle number, and spindle

speed (rpm) shall be reported for each determination. A viscosity at eithertemperature which is more than specified (see 6.2g and 6.2h) shall constitutefailure of this test.

4.4.2.10 Stability test. Prepare a settling column having a height that isnot less than 10 times the column diameter. A column having an inside diameterof from 7.5 centimeters (cm) (1.91 inches) to 10 cm (2.54 inches) and a heightof from 75 cm (11.9 inches) to 100 cm (20.54 inches) shall be fabricated from

stainless steel or other suitable material that is chemically resistant to COM.The column shall be equipped with a water jacket for temperature control and end

caps or sampling ports for removal of COM specimens from the top and bottom ofthe column. An approximately 5L sample of COM shall be thoroughly mixed until

homogeneous. The viscosity of the COM sample shall have been determined at 50° C

(122° F) and a shear rate of 10 S-l in accordance with 4.4.2.9. Record shallbe made of the viscosity, test method used, make and model of instrument,spindle number, and spindle speed (rpm). Fill the column with the COM whileexercising care to prevent tra’ppedair pockets. Leave enough room at the columntop for COM expansion when heated. Cap the column and store in a verticalposition in a vibration free area for not less than 30 days. Maintain a columntemperature of not less than 49° C (120.2° F) nor more than 51° C (123.8° F) byheated water circulated through the water jacket.. After 30 days, take specimensof COM from the top 10 percent and bottom 10 percent of the column. Determinethe viscosity of these specimens using the same test method, temperature, shear

rate, instrument and spindle used to determine viscosity of the COM samplebefore filling the column. If the viscosity of either the top specimen or thebottom specimen differs from the original viscosity recorded before the samplewas stored in the column by more than 30 percent, it shall constitute failure ofthis test.

5. PACKAGING

5.1 Packaging. All shipping containers utilized in the distribution of thisbulk commodity, whether they be tank cars, tank trucks, or any other suitable

means, shall comply with Department of Transportation Regulation 49 CFR.

5.1.1 Marking. The application of all identification information shall be in

accordance with the requirements of DOT 49 CFR. Additional marking shall be as

specified in the contract or purchase order and as specified in MIL-STD-129.

6. NOTES

6.1 Intended use. The COM is intended for use as a fuel in militarycombustor boilers which are primarily those of the 6 to 15 megawatt per hour

industrial type.

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MIL-F-53053

6.1.1 Site-specific ~equiretnents. Existing boilers, not designed for firing

COM, must be subjected to engineering analysis and may require modification to -use COM for firing. Existing boilers that are candidates for COM as a fuel

%

are: those designed to fire coal, but are presently firing oil; those designed

for firing oil; and those designed for firing gas. The requirements for COM,

intended for use in existing boilers, must be site-specific to accommodate the

boiler and any modifications thereto. The COM requirements may also be affected

by applicable environmental .regulations on smokestack emissions in effect at the

boiler site. ....

6.2- Ordering datas Acquisition documents shoulclspecify the following:

a.b.c.

d.e.f.

!3”

h.

i.

Title, number and date of this specification.

Quantity of COM required (see 6.4).percent maximum sulfur content of COM required (see 3.3.5).

Minimum gross calorific value of COM required (see 3.3.6).Percent maximum ash content of COM required (see 3.3.7).Minimum ash softening temperature of COM required (see 3.3.7.1).Maximum viscosity of COM at 50° C (122° F) required at 10, 100 and

3,000 S-l (see 3.3.9.1).Maximum viscosity of COM at 85° C (185° F) required at 10, 100 and3,OOO S-l (see 3.3.9.2).Type and size of container required (see 5.1).

6.3 Definitions.

6.3.1 Gel-forming additivescauses the viscosity of the COM,

rate of 10 sec-1, to increase by

A gel-forming additive is any additive whichwhen measured at 50° C (122° F) and a shear “w

more than 10 percent when compared to a

sample of COM without the additive.

6.3.2 Hard pack. Hard pack is a dense, tightly-packed layer of settled

particles Chat cannot be readily dispersed by stirring.

6.4 Unit of purchase. The unit of purchase for COM should be the U.S. gallon

(231 cubic inches at 15.6° C [60° F]). Alternately, COM may be purchased by the

pound, avoirdupois.

6.5 COM storage and use temperature. Storage tanks for COM should be held at

approximately 50° C (122° F) prior to pumping. The COM should be heated to

approximately 120° C (248° F) just prior to boiler injection.

Custodian: Preparing activity:

Army - ME Army - ME

Review activities: Project 91.40~0101

Army - CE, SM

DIA - PS

User activity:Air Force - 68

Civil Agencies Coordinating Activity:DOE u’

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MIL-F-53053

APPENDIX

Significance of Coal-Oil Mixture Fuel Product for Military IndustrialBoiler Retrofitting and Operation.

10. SCOPE

10.1 Scope. This Appendix is intended to set forth the key specific COM fuelproduct chemical and physical properties that directly affect the retrofit of the

intended steam boiler and that are site-specific as to the design of the boiler.The chemical and physical properties of the COM fuel product will vary according

to the specific amount and types of coal, fuel oil, and stabilizing agent thatthe fuel product contains. Each of the specific chemical and physical propertieswill affect specific system components of the intended boiler. These specificproperties and general guidelines as to their significant effects on boileroperation and components are set forth below:

20. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

D 3682 - Major and Minor Elements in Coal and Coke Ash by AtomicAbsorption.

(Application for copies of all ASTM publications should be addressed to theAmerican Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA19103.)

(Industry association specifications and standards are generally available forreference from libraries. They are also distributed among technical groups andusing Federal agencies.)

30. GUIDELINES FOR ESTABLISHING FUEL PROPERTY LIMITS.

30.1 Viscosity. The viscosity affects the overall pumpability of the fuel

product. The viscosity of the fuel in the storage tank at a specifiedtemperature should be such as to allow pumping at a rate to meet boiler output

requirement. The storage temperature should be kept as low as possibleconsistent with pumping requirements to minimize settling. The viscosity justprior to injection has to be matched to the burner nozzle to allow adequateatomization of the fuel for efficient combustion. Boiler modifications mayinvolve replacement of the boiler fuel oil pump, fuel flow control valves andcontrol system, and possibly the entire burner or burner components subjected to

high shear from increased viscosity.. In most instances it will probably bedesirable to keep the fuel heated in its storage tank at a temperatureappropriate for No. 6 fuel oil.

30.2 Ash content. The increased ash content of the coal slurry will requireadditional ash handling equipment to remove the bottom ash as well as additionaldownstream particulate removal (bag house, etc.) equipment. The boiler house

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lfIL-F’-53o53

APPENDIX

may have to be modified to include ash storage transfer to disposal, etc. When wpumped, the high ash-laden coal slurry will, to some extent, abrade the

plumbing. Therefore, abrasion-resistant (hard-faced) elbows and bends in linesas well as increased radii will be required in most cases.

30.3 Sulfur content. The sulfur content of the coal slurry will have to be

either low enough to conform to local emission codes or the boiler will have to

be equipped with a wet or dry scrubber to capture sulfur dioxide (S02)0

30.4 Ash softening temperature Softening of ash for coal-oil mixtures is of

great significance to the use of this fuel product in a boiler. The formation

of clinkers and slag (fused ash) contributes to handling problems of the ash andto a reduction of heat transfer into the boiler tubes. The “wetting’l

of tubes by fused ash also contributes to corrosion Ideally, the ash should

not be molten or agglomerated by the time the combustion gases contact thetubes. Ash should remain in a finely divided state as fly ash. As such it will

be blown through the fire box and into the dust collection system (bag house orelectrostatic precipitator). The higher the heat release rate in the fire box,

the higher the requirement for ash softening ~emperature. For the intended usein an industrial boiler operation, the ash softening temperature should be ashigh as practical; however, the establishment of values for procurement of coal-

oil mixture fuel product will depend upon the design of the boiler and theavailability of soot blowers or retrofit to include soot blowers. Specific

minimum temperature values for ash softening temperature under oxiding

conditions must be specified for each boiler installation.

30.5 Ash fouling potential. Ash fouling potential has been found to be auseful indicator for predicting the behavior of ashes and slags in combustionchambers. It can be calculated as the product of the ash base/acid ratio and

the percent sulfur. The base/acid ratio is defined by the equation:

base/acid radio = CaO + MgO + Fe203 + K20 + Na20

A1203 + Si02 + Ti02

A suitable method for determining the oxides in the ash is ASTM D 3682. The ash

fouling potential has not been standardized as an ASTM test method.

30.6 Stability. Stability refers to the degree of permanence of the

mixture. Mixtures of solids and liquids will separate as contrasted to a truesolution of a solid in a liquid which will not separate. Because the coal-oil

mixture can and will separate> a type of “shelf lifellor period of time that the

mixture will retain a specified percentage of viscosity or a specified

percentage of its original solids in suspension (under given static conditions

of non-movement and temperature) can be established. Due to a certain amount of

instability it may be desirable to require a recirculation system with a

stirring mechanism.

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MIL-F-53053

APPENDIX

30.7 Calorific value. The COM is intended for use in variously designedboilers (see 6.1). Consequently, a certain percentage of derating of the boiwill occur, primarily depending on the specific heat release rate of the boiland the percent loading of coal and its calorific value.

To ensure that theboiler facility after modification is able to meet the required steam or hotwater demand, it is important that a specified calorific value be established

lerer

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!VOTE:l%u formmy not bc UA tO mw~ mwi= of dw-mb, nor tO W- m.i=rs, deviations, or cdarifiidon ofgpscificationrequixsrnention current contmcts. Canrnents subrnJttA on Ma form do not constitute or ~mply●uthotition~ ws~nanypoti~cmoftbereferenced document(s)or to ●mend contmctualrequhwmenti.

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(Fold dOl!#this M/n)

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

1111~1 FI

UNITED STATES

OFFICIAL BUSINESSPENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE $300 BUSINESS REPLYMAIL

‘FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO, 12062. WASHINGTON D. C●

\ POSTAGEWILL BE PAID BY THE DEPAt3TMENT OF THE ARMY

CommanderUS Army Belvoir R&D CenterAT TN: ST RBE-DSFort Belvoir, VA i?2ClLC1-5LOb


STANDAFiOIZAT)Oti iXXXJMENT NkiPROVEMENT PROPOSAL ~(Seehwructim - Rpwrie Ski%)..

t. 00 CUMENT NLJbAtitfl 2. OOCUMENT TITLE Fuel Pr-duct , coal .oi~ Mixture (COM) : Industrial

MIL-F-530S3 pe Combustor-Boilersh NAME OF SUBMITTING OnOANt-710N ‘4, TYPE OF ORGANI-TION (Huh w)

c1 VENDOR

•1 Lmn

b, AODRE’ti(8hsd, City, .8tit@,~? C-)

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