Module1Module1

1.1 Working life1.1 Working life Describing working lifeDescribing working life1. what does this quotation mean to you ?1. what does this quotation mean to you ?

Life is what happens to you while you are busy Life is what happens to you while you are busy making other plans.making other plans.

一直发生在计划外——这就是生活。一直发生在计划外——这就是生活。

3. Underline the best word to complete 3. Underline the best word to complete each sentence.each sentence.

1.1. retireretire2.2. joinedjoined3.3. reward reward 4.4. laid offlaid off5.5. trainedtrained6.6. leave leave 7.7. recruitsrecruits8.8. flexibleflexible9.9. temporary temporary 10.10. day off day off

4. Make sentences with the words you 4. Make sentences with the words you didn’t use in Exercise3didn’t use in Exercise3

1.Resign 放弃；辞去The general resigned his commission. 将军辞去了他的职务。

2.Apply 申请 , 请求He has applied for a post in England. 他已申请在英国供职。

3.pay 付 , 支付 ; 付款给 [O1][(+for/to)]She paid the money to me. 她将钱付给了我。

4. dismiss 让 ... 离开 ; 把 ... 打发走[(+from)]He was dismissed from the hospital a week later. 他一周之后出了医院。

5. educate 教育She was educated in England in the 1930s. 她三十年代在英国受教育。

6. change. ( 使 ) 改变 ; 更改 ; 使变化 On second thoughts he changed

his mind. 进一步考虑后 , 他改变了主意。

7. Employ 雇用 [(+as)][O2]The mill employs a thousand workers. 这家工厂雇用了一千名工人。

8. overtime 加班 ; 加班时间They were paid extra for overtime. 他们拿到了加班费。

9. Part-time 兼任的 , 兼职的She is a part-time professor. 她是一位兼职教授。

10. holiday1. 节日 , 假日 ; 休息日 Friday is a holiday in Muslin countries. 在穆斯林国家里星期五是假日。

5. Make nouns from the following verbs.5. Make nouns from the following verbs.

2). promotion2). promotion3).retirement3).retirement4).resignation4).resignation5).training5).training6).recruitment6).recruitment7).application7).application8).dismissal8).dismissal9).pay/ payment9).pay/ payment1010 ）） . reward. reward

ReadingReading9. What do the following phrases from the text mean?9. What do the following phrases from the text mean?1.1. Not interested in working hard.Not interested in working hard.2.2. People in their twentiesPeople in their twenties3.3. Getting what you want as soon as you demand it Getting what you want as soon as you demand it 4.4. Parents and colleges who overprotect and spoil Parents and colleges who overprotect and spoil

young people young people 5.5. Your generation gave us every thing we wantedYour generation gave us every thing we wanted6.6. To work very hard for youTo work very hard for you7.7. To sit quietly in a little office.To sit quietly in a little office.

Grammar: Gerund and infinitiveGrammar: Gerund and infinitive

1. Which of the verbs or phrases in t1. Which of the verbs or phrases in the box take the gerund (-ing) and he box take the gerund (-ing) and which ones take to infinitive(-to do)?which ones take to infinitive(-to do)?

+gerund(-ing)+gerund(-ing) +to+infinitive (to do)+to+infinitive (to do)

be good at be good at plan/intend/aimplan/intend/aim

be worth

have trouble/difficultsucceed

inthink about/considerenjoy

avoid

involve

be used to/accustomed to

fail

be reluctanthope/expect

manage

decide

have

be willing/prepared

2. Which of the following pairs of phrases is 2. Which of the following pairs of phrases is the odd one out grammatically? Whythe odd one out grammatically? Why

3. Succeed in ----fail3. Succeed in ----fail(succeed in +doing(succeed in +doing ； ； fail+to dfail+to d

o)o)

3. Complete these 3. Complete these sentences.sentences.

1.1. When I retire, I plan to take up a new sport.When I retire, I plan to take up a new sport.

2.2. I think I am quite good at persuading people I think I am quite good at persuading people to do things.to do things.

3.3. Before attending a job interview, it’s worth Before attending a job interview, it’s worth researching the company.researching the company.

4.4. My job involves solving technical problems.My job involves solving technical problems.

5.5. When speaking English, I often have When speaking English, I often have difficulty understanding native speakers.difficulty understanding native speakers.

6. At work I feel satisfied if I manage to answer 6. At work I feel satisfied if I manage to answer all my emailsall my emails

7. For my summer holiday this year, I am 7. For my summer holiday this year, I am considering renting a house in France.considering renting a house in France.

8. If I was offered more money, I would be 8. If I was offered more money, I would be willing to take on more responsibilitywilling to take on more responsibility

9. The hardest thing about starting a new job is 9. The hardest thing about starting a new job is getting used to doing things as others want getting used to doing things as others want them done.them done.

10. I get annoyed with colleagues if they fail to 10. I get annoyed with colleagues if they fail to do their won job properly.do their won job properly.

ListeningListening

1. E1. E 2. F2. F 3. B3. B 4. G4. G 5. A5. A

6. A6. A 7. B7. B 8. D8. D 9. E9. E 10. G10. G

Listening scriptListening script1. I think the problem is that in the last fifteen 1. I think the problem is that in the last fifteen

years, employers haven’t shown their employees years, employers haven’t shown their employees much loyalty. They’ve hired and fired pretty much loyalty. They’ve hired and fired pretty much at will, according to whether the market much at will, according to whether the market dictated that they needed to increase or reduce dictated that they needed to increase or reduce the workforce. The flipside of this is that the workforce. The flipside of this is that employees now. particularly those in the 25 to employees now. particularly those in the 25 to 35 age group, don’t feel much loyalty to their 35 age group, don’t feel much loyalty to their employer either. Developing strategies to hold employer either. Developing strategies to hold on to highly skilled and highly qualified people on to highly skilled and highly qualified people has become the number one priority in human has become the number one priority in human resources – in all big companies, in face.resources – in all big companies, in face.

2. there’s no doubt that in the next ten years there 2. there’s no doubt that in the next ten years there will be a move away from the nine to five office will be a move away from the nine to five office –based model of work. In fact, it’s already happe–based model of work. In fact, it’s already happening with women, who often find it challenging tning with women, who often find it challenging to balance work and domestic schedules. This couo balance work and domestic schedules. This could mean more ‘teleworking’,in other words workild mean more ‘teleworking’,in other words working at home and being linked to the office by comng at home and being linked to the office by computer; or it could mean shorter working weeks or puter; or it could mean shorter working weeks or just more flexible hours. Unless companies offer just more flexible hours. Unless companies offer these possibilities, a lot of people will look for altthese possibilities, a lot of people will look for alternative types of work.ernative types of work.

3. Companies are finding that graduates and scho3. Companies are finding that graduates and school leavers aren’t well enough prepared for worol leavers aren’t well enough prepared for working life. This is going to drive two changes, I king life. This is going to drive two changes, I think. One is a greater co-operation between cthink. One is a greater co-operation between companies and universities or colleges to ensure ompanies and universities or colleges to ensure that at entry level to the company, people have that at entry level to the company, people have the right skills. We’ll also see mre investment ithe right skills. We’ll also see mre investment in corporate training –corporate universities ann corporate training –corporate universities and so on- so that employees’s skills can be mould so on- so that employees’s skills can be moulded to the needs of the company.ded to the needs of the company.

4. As the birth rate decreases and life 4. As the birth rate decreases and life expectancy increases, there will be expectancy increases, there will be shortages in the job market. shortages in the job market. Consequently, a lot of ex-employees who Consequently, a lot of ex-employees who thought they had finished their careers at thought they had finished their careers at 60 or whatever, will be called back to 60 or whatever, will be called back to work. This will suit the companies, but it work. This will suit the companies, but it will suit the employees too, because their will suit the employees too, because their pensions will probably be inadequate to pensions will probably be inadequate to fund their longer retirement.fund their longer retirement.

5. At the moment people in their 50s and 5. At the moment people in their 50s and 60s are, on the whole, very poorly valued 60s are, on the whole, very poorly valued in companies. Firms want to recruit in companies. Firms want to recruit younger employees who are cheaper to younger employees who are cheaper to employ and are more adaptable to a employ and are more adaptable to a changing business environment. But as changing business environment. But as the supply of these younger workers dries the supply of these younger workers dries up, we’ll have to consider older staff up, we’ll have to consider older staff differently. I hope that in future the differently. I hope that in future the wisdom and experience of this group will wisdom and experience of this group will become more valued.become more valued.

CVs and personal summariesCVs and personal summaries

1. What do you call someone who…?1. What do you call someone who…?0) employs people 0) employs people an employeran employer1)1) Is employed by a firm __________Is employed by a firm __________2)2) Applies for a job __________Applies for a job __________3)3) Is interviewed for a job __________Is interviewed for a job __________4)4) Is seeking j job __________Is seeking j job __________5)5) Participates in something __________Participates in something __________6)6) Has left university with a degree __________Has left university with a degree __________

employee

applicantinterviewee

job seekerparticipant

graduate

3. Underline which elements should definitely 3. Underline which elements should definitely be included in a CV .be included in a CV .Definitely:Definitely:1.Name1.Name2.Address2.Address3. Telephone number3. Telephone number4. Email address4. Email address8. Nationality8. Nationality12. education-primary, secondary, higher educaton12. education-primary, secondary, higher educaton14. Employment history-company, job title, 14. Employment history-company, job title, responsibilities, resultsresponsibilities, results16. Languages 16. Languages 17. References 17. References

4. Read the first part of the text. What is 4. Read the first part of the text. What is the idea behind an anonymous CV?the idea behind an anonymous CV?

To consider only the skills and To consider only the skills and experience of the candidate and not experience of the candidate and not other factors, such as age, sex, racial other factors, such as age, sex, racial and social background to tackle and social background to tackle discrimination.discrimination.

5. Read the second part of 5. Read the second part of the text and put one word the text and put one word

in each space.in each space. 1. with1. with 2. would (should or must also 2. would (should or must also

possible)possible) 3. all3. all 4. not4. not 5. that 5. that 6. against/tackling6. against/tackling

1.2 1.2 （（ ListeningListening ）） Asking and answAsking and answering questions .ering questions .

1)what caused the accident?1)what caused the accident?

The ship made for port because of severe The ship made for port because of severe weather conditions but hit some rocks near weather conditions but hit some rocks near the coast.the coast.

2) How many accidents has the ship been 2) How many accidents has the ship been involved in?involved in?

Three including this one.Three including this one.

3) Does the spokesperson come out of it well?3) Does the spokesperson come out of it well?

Reasonably well . He explains the cause Reasonably well . He explains the cause clearly and tries to put the accident in context.clearly and tries to put the accident in context.

2. Complete the questions 2. Complete the questions the journalist asks.the journalist asks.

1.1. So can you tell meSo can you tell me

2.2. Is itIs it

3.3. what are you intendingwhat are you intending

4.4. Do you think thatDo you think that

5.5. isn’t it.isn’t it.

Listening scriptListening script J=Journalist S=SpokespersonJ=Journalist S=SpokespersonJ: So, can you tell me how this happened?J: So, can you tell me how this happened?S: Well, it was a very unfortunate combination of events. AS: Well, it was a very unfortunate combination of events. A

s you know, weather conditions have been severe in the s you know, weather conditions have been severe in the eastern Atlantic for the last couple of days. The ship’s caeastern Atlantic for the last couple of days. The ship’s captain reported that the ship was in trouble at 11pm last niptain reported that the ship was in trouble at 11pm last night and was ordered to make for port as quickly as possight and was ordered to make for port as quickly as possible. At 2.30am he reported that she was grounded on soble. At 2.30am he reported that she was grounded on some rocks just off the Cornish coast.me rocks just off the Cornish coast.

J: But this isn’t the first time this particular ship has been in J: But this isn’t the first time this particular ship has been in an accident , is it?an accident , is it?

S: She has been involved in two incidents in the past, but thS: She has been involved in two incidents in the past, but these had nothing to do with her sea-worthiness. She is a wese had nothing to do with her sea-worthiness. She is a well-maintained ship in excellent working order with an eell-maintained ship in excellent working order with an experienced crew on board.xperienced crew on board.

J: And what are you intending to do to limit the damage J: And what are you intending to do to limit the damage to the environment now?to the environment now?

S: Unfortunately, while conditions remain so hostile, S: Unfortunately, while conditions remain so hostile, there is very little we can do, but the moment the there is very little we can do, but the moment the storms subside we will be mounting an operation to storms subside we will be mounting an operation to transfer the oil off the ship using tugs.transfer the oil off the ship using tugs.

J: Do you think that this kind of accident is acceptable?J: Do you think that this kind of accident is acceptable?S: I think it needs to be put into perspective. Accidents S: I think it needs to be put into perspective. Accidents

at sea are far less common than rail or road accidents. at sea are far less common than rail or road accidents. The problem is that they attract much more The problem is that they attract much more publicity…publicity…

J: Well, yes. Whichever way you look at it, it’s a PR J: Well, yes. Whichever way you look at it, it’s a PR disaster for your company, isn’t it?disaster for your company, isn’t it?

S: As I’ve said, this type of incident does attract a lot of S: As I’ve said, this type of incident does attract a lot of media attention. I just hope that the public can see…media attention. I just hope that the public can see…

GrammarGrammar4. Convert the following 4. Convert the following

questions into indirect questions into indirect questions.questions.

1)1) Where you have worked before.Where you have worked before.

2)2) Are an ambitious personAre an ambitious person

3)3) You have gone as far as you can You have gone as far as you can in your present jobin your present job

4)4) Who our main customers areWho our main customers are

5. Convert the following questions into 5. Convert the following questions into tag questions.tag questions.

1.1. You re married, aren’t you?You re married, aren’t you?2.2. You can’t start tomorrow, can you?You can’t start tomorrow, can you?3.3. You’ve only worked for smaller You’ve only worked for smaller

companies, haven’t you?companies, haven’t you?4.4. You manage to find our offices easily, You manage to find our offices easily,

didn’t you?didn’t you?5.5. This is your first real job, isn’t it?This is your first real job, isn’t it?6.6. You’d be able to work part-time, wouldn’t You’d be able to work part-time, wouldn’t

you?you?

1.3 Reading Test1.3 Reading Test

Summarizing: Summarizing:

Answer: Answer:

Rather than making Rather than making candidates feel comfortable, candidates feel comfortable, you will learn much more you will learn much more about them by asking about them by asking challenging questions.challenging questions.

Exam practiceExam practice 1---C1---C 2---C2---C 3---E3---E 4---A4---A 5---B5---B 6---D6---D 7---A7---A 8---E8---E