Nghien Cuu Su Dung Bien Tan Dieu Khien Toc Do Cac May Bom Nu h2HmMgcl7H 20130205012432 4

7/28/2019 Nghien Cuu Su Dung Bien Tan Dieu Khien Toc Do Cac May Bom Nu h2HmMgcl7H 20130205012432 4

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MC LC

PHN 1. .....................................................................................................................1

CHNG 1:GII THIU V TI . ...................................................................21.1 MC CH NGHIN CU: . .........................................................................21.2 VI NT V TI:. ....................................................................................21.3 GII HN TI:. ........................................................................................41.4 M T HOT NG CA H THNG:. ....................................................51.5 HNG THC HIN TI:. .....................................................................6

CHNG 2: GII THIU V PLC S7-200 . ...........................................................82.1 GII THIU CHUNG V THIT BIU KHIN LP TRNH PLC...8

2.1.1 Gii thiu slc v PLC S7-200: . ........................................................82.1.2 Thit b nhp xut: . .................................................................................102.1.3. Cu trc vng nh: . ................................................................................112.1.4. Nguyn tc thc hin chng trnh: . ......................................................12

2.2 GII THIU V PLC S7-200 CPU-224 AC/DC/RELAY: .........................142.2.1. Hnh nh ca PLC S7-200 CPU- 224:. ...................................................14

2.2.2. Gii thiu cc module mrng: . ............................................................15

2.3. NGON NG LAP TRNH CUA S7_200. ..................................................18

2.3.1. Phng phap lap trnh: . ..........................................................................18

2.3.2. Bang lenh cua s7-200: . .........................................................................19

2.2.3 Lenh vao/ra: . .........................................................................................27

CHNG 3:TM HIU S7-200 PC ACCESS. .......................................................43

3.1 TNG QUAN V S7-200 PC ACCESS : . ...............................................433.1.1 Gii thiu : . ........................................................................................433.1.2 Nhng tin ch ca PC ACCESS :. ....................................................433.1.3 Kh nng giao tip ca PC Access : . .................................................443.1.4 Xc nh tc baud v a ch network : . .......................................443.1.5 Cc giao thc ca S7-200 PC Access trong network: ........................45

3.2 CA S LM VIC CA S7-200 PC ACCESS :...................................473.2.1 tree view:. ...........................................................................................48


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3.2.2 Item view: . .........................................................................................49

3.2.3 Test Client view: . ...............................................................................50

3.3 S giao tip Server v Client trong S7-200 PC Access: ............................51

3.4 VNG NH V KIU DLIU CA ITEM:. .....................................513.5 SGIAO TIP GIA AUTOMATION CLIENT VI S7-200 PC AC-CESS:....................................................................................................................52

3.5.1 Excel client:. .......................................................................................52

3.5.2 Visual Basic Client: . ..........................................................................53

3.6 Cc bc to Tag trn PC- Access. ...........................................................54

CHNG 4:TM HIU PHN MM WINCC . ....................................................604.1. Gii thiu v WinCC:. ...................................................................................60

4.1.1 Control Center trong h thng WinCC:. ..................................................604.1.2. Ni dung ca Control Center:. ................................................................614.1.3 Son tho:. ..........................................................................................624.1.4. Cc bc to mt Project trong WinCC:. ..........................................634.1.5. Trnh t to mt Project:. ........................................................................63

4.2 Cch lp trnh WinCC: . ...............................................................................73

4.3 Cu hnh truyn thng:. ................................................................................76

CHNG 5: GII THIU V BIN TN. ...........................................................795.1 Gii thiu Bin tn Danfoss: . ........................................................................795.2 Hnh nh ca Bin tn Danfoss: . ..................................................................805.3 Su ni Terminal iu khin: . ...........................................................805.4 Ch thch v cc n bo LED:. ................................................................83

PHN 2:. ..................................................................................................................90CHNG 6:THIT K V THI CNG M HNH. ............................................91BM CP NC . ..................................................................................................91

6.1 GII THIU CC LINH KIN . ...................................................................916.1.1 CPU 224 AC-DC-Relay ca PLC Siemens S7-200 ................................916.1.2 Module Analog EM 235 ca PLC Siemens S7-200 . .........................916.1.3 Gii thiu v cm bin p sut:. .........................................................916.1.4 Gii thiu vng h p lc nc: . ..................................................92


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6.1.5 Van 1 chiu: . ......................................................................................926.1.6 Relay: . ................................................................................................92

6.1.7 My bm:. ..........................................................................................93

6.2 SIN. ...............................................................................................946.3 QUY NH NG RA NG VO:. ...............................................................956.4 Hnh nh ca m hnh . ...................................................................................966.5 THIT K GIAO DIN : . ............................................................................976.6 CC THNG S SDNG CHO BIN TN: . .................................101

6.6.1 iu khin bin tn bng Wicc:. ......................................................1016.6.2 iu khin bin tn theo ng vo analog:. .......................................1026.6.3 Su ni bm 3 pha vo bin tn:. ...........................................102

6.7 XL PID: . ...........................................................................................1026.8 Ngt v x l ngt: . .................................................................................1086.9 LU GII THUT:. ..........................................................................1106.10 LP TRNH PLC:. ...................................................................................112

CHNG 7:TI LIU THAM KHO . ...............................................................119


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CHNG 1:

GII THIU V TI

1.1 MC CH NGHIN CU:Trn th gii v Vit Nam hin nay nhu cu tiu th nng lng angtng dn v c rt nhiu cnh bo v tit kim nng lng. Cc ngnh cngnghip ni chung v ngnh cp thot nc ngy nay vn s dng cng ngh truynng khng thch hp, iu khin thng khng linh hot. iu ny c kimchng vi cc nh my nc ang hot ng l iu kin lm vic khc xa sovi thit k. Chng ta bit trong cc yu t cu thnh gi nc th chi ph in

bm nc chim t l rt ln khong 30 35%.Trc y c tn ti quan im chorng vic u t vo tit kim nng lng l mt cng vic tn km khng mang lihiu qu thit thc. Vi cng ngh bin tn tnh ton ch ra rng vic u t voh thng iu khin tit kim nng lng cho trm bm cp II c thi gian honvn u t ht sc ngn v lm gim chi ph cho cng tc qun l vn hnh thit b.My bm v qut gi l nhng ng dng rt thch hp vi truyn ng bin i tc tit kim nng lng. V vy trong phm vi n tt nghip chng ta ch cpn vic s dng thit b bin tn trong iu khin tc tit kim nng lng chocc my bm nc v n nh p sut trong ng ng cp nc.1.2 VI NT V TI:

Mi mt trm bm thng c nhiu my bm cng cp nc vo mtng ng chung. p lc v lu lng ca ung ng thay i hng githeo nhucu. Bm v cc thit bi km nhng ng van, i nc c thit k vi lulng nc bm rt ln. V thiu chnh lu lng nc bm c thc hin

bng cc phng php sau:_iu chnh bng cch khp van trn ng y ca bm_iu chnh bng ng mcc my bm hot ng ng thi_iu khin thay i tc quay bng khp ni thu lc.

iu khin theo nhng phong php trn khng nhng khng tit kimc nng lng in tiu th m cn gy nn hng hc thit b v ng ng dochn ng khi ng mvan gy nn, ng thi cc my bm cung cp khng bmst c ch tiu th trn mng li. gii quyt cc vn k trn ch c ths dng phng php iu khin truyn ng bin i tc bng thit b bintn.Thit b bin tn l thit biu chnh bin tc quay ca ng cbngcch thay i tn s ca dng in cung cp cho ng c. Hin nay thit b bin tntrn th gii c nhiu nh cung cp thit b bin tn nh Danfoss ,Siemen


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,ABBKhng ch cung cp thit b cho ngnh cp thot nc m cho nhiu ngnhcng nghip khc.

Nguyn tc iu khin my bm ca thit b bin tn:+ Khi s dng thit b bin tn cho php iu chnh mt cch linh hot lu

lng v p lc cp vo mng li theo yu cu tiu th.Vi tn hiu t cm bin p lc phn hi v thit b bin tn, b vi x l

ca bin tn s so snh gi tr truyn v vi gi tr ci t t thay i tn sdng in, in p cung cp cho ng clm thay i tc quay ca ng cm bo lu lng v p lc cp vo mng li

+Siu chnh linh hot cc my bm khi s dng bin tn c c thnh sau:

iu chnh tc quay khi p sut cng thay i a dng trong phng thc iu khin cc my bm trong trm bm.

Mt thit b bin tn c thiu khin n 5 my bm . C ba phng thc iukhin cc my bm:

9 iu khin theo mc nc:Trn cstn hiu mc cht lng trong bht hi tip v bin tn. B vi x l s so snh tn hiu hi tip vi mc cht lngc ci t. Trn cskt qu so snh bin tn siu khin ng mcc my

bm sao cho ph hp mc cht lng trong b lun bng gi tr ci t. Ngc likhi tn hi tip ln hn gi tr ci t, bin tn siu khn ct ln lt cc bm mc cht lng lun t n nh gi tr ci t.

9 iu khin theo hnh thc ch ng/ thng: Mi mt my bmc ni vi mt b bin tn trong c mt bin tn chng v cc bin tnkhc l thng Khi tn hiu hi tip v bin tn chng th b vi x l ca bintn ny s so snh vi tn hiu c ci t t tc ng n cc bin tn thng iu chnh tc quay ca cc my bm cho ph hp v khng gy ra hintng va p thu lc phn hi t h thng. Phng thc iu khin ny l linhhot nht, khc phc nhng kh khn trong qu trnh vn hnh bm khc vi thit

k. Phng thc ny c s dng cho trng hp thay i c v lu lng v plc trn mng li.

9 iu khin theo hnh thc bin tn iu khin mt bm: Mt mybm chnh c iu chnh thng qua thit b bin tn, cc my bm cn li ngmtrc tip bng khi ng mm. Khi tn hiu p lc v lu lng trn mng lihi tip v bin tn. B vi x l s so snh vi gi tr ci t, v iu khin tc my bm chnh chy vi tc ph hp v iu khin ng mcc my bm cnli cho ph hp vi nhu cu trn mng li ng thi iu chnh tc bm chnh


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S TRANG 4

sao cho hn ch ti a hin tng va p thu lc mng li cp nc. Phng thciu khin ny c p dng cho trng hp p lc ca my bm ng vi thit knhng lu lng thay i. Bng cc phng thc iu khin linh hot trn theo nhu

cu tiu th ca mng li s thay thi nc trn mng li. Nhng u im khi iu khin tc bm bng thit b bin tn

_ Hn chc dng in khi ng cao_Tit kim nng lng_iu khin linh hot cc my bm_S dng cng nghiu khin vectoNgoi ra cn cc u im khc ca thit b bin tn nh:_Dy cng sut rng t 1,1 400 Kw_ T

ng ng

ng khi

t t

i

im ci

t

_Tng tc nhanh gip bin tn bt kp tc hin thi ca ng c,_Tng tng tc gim tc trnh qu ti hoc qa in p khi khi ng,_Bo vc ng ckhi : ngn , mch, mt pha lch pha, qu ti, qu dng, qunhit

_Kt ni vi my tnh chy trn hiu hnh Windows,_Kch thc nh gn khng chim din tch trong nh trm,_M men khi ng cao vi ch tit kim nng lng,_D dng lp t vn hnh,_Hin th cc thng s ca ng cv bin tn.

T nhng u im trn ca thit b bin tn ta la chn phng n lpmy bin tn cho trm bm thay th cho vic xy dng i nc trn mng linhm tit kim chi ph trong xy dng v vn hnh qun l.

1.3 GII HN TI:T nhng kin thc hc c ti trng v ngoi thc t th trong lun vn

ny em ch c th thc hin c mt s cng vic m thi. Em cn hn ch v kinthc cng nh kh nng v kinh t v thi gian c hn nn cng ch c th to c

m hnh nh, nhng vi m hnh ny th hin c quy trnh hot ng ca mth thng bm cp nc thc t. Mt s cng vic thc hin trong lun vn:

9 Tm hiu m hnh bm cp nc hot ng trong thc t.9 Tm hiu v nghin cu PLC S7 2009 Giao tip PLC vi Wincc gim st h thng.9 Giao tip PLC vi Bin tn, thit k giao din iu khin tng bng

WinCC. iu khin PID cho my bm chy sao cho gi tr p sut khng thay id ti c thay i.


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9 Trn mn hnh iu khin s cho thy tt c trng thi hot ng ca hthng, cc s liu lun c cp nht v lin tc tin theo di.

9 Kim tra v x l khi c s c bt thng, n c quan st v iukhin thng qua dao din Scada.

9 Thi cng m hnh phn cng1.4 M T HOT NG CA H THNG:

Trong h thng c tt c l 3 my bm: hai my bm 1 pha v mt mybm 3 pha. Bin tn siu khin trc tip my bm 3 pha, mt my bm 1 pha sbm d phng khi m my bm 3 pha chy ht cng sut nh mc m p sut vncha n nh gi tr setpoint. My bm d phng ny sc iu khin trc tip

bng in li 220V. Cn my bm 1 pha cn li dng bm nc thi sau khi

c x

l ra sng.

Khi khi ng h thng ln th my bm 3 pha c iu khin bng Bintn s c khi ng chy cho ti khi t c p sut t, khi p sut trongng ng bng p sut t th bin tn s gin nh tc ca my bm ny.Trng hp ti thay i tc l p sut thay i, ty theo ti tng hay gim th Bintn siu khin my bm chy nhay hay chy chm.

Khi ti tng tc l p sut s gim, lc ny mun n nh p sut th Bintn siu khin my bm chy nhanh hn ( tc l tng tn s ca my bm 3 pha)cho ti khi t c p sut t.

Ngc li, khi ti gim th Bin tn s gim tn s ca my bm xung choti khi t c p sut t.

Trng hp, nu my bm 3 pha chy ht cng sut m vn cha tc p sut t th lc ny my bm d phng (my bm 1 pha) sc khing ln, khi my bm d phng ny c khi ng th chc chn p sut trongng ng s tng ln vt qua p sut t, lc ny bin tn s tng gim tn sli cho ti khi no p sut bng vi p sut t.

Nu lc ny ti gim mnh (p sut tng ln cao) th bm d phng s t

ng dng ch cn bm bin tn hot ng. H thng c hot ng lin tc nh vy,p sut trong ng ng lun lun n nh trnh tnh trng p sut tng qu cao sgy vng ng cp nc.


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S nguyn l ca h thng

1.5 HNG THC HIN TI:i vi cc h thng bm cp nc trong thc t th ngi ta s dng my

bm cng sut ln, bin tn cng sut ln, bm cp nc cho c khu dn c,thnh ph, cho cc khu cng nghip. Nhng vi ti ny th em m hnh ha h

thng nn em ch s dng my bm v bin tn c cng sut nh, chnh v vy mem chn nh p sut t vi gi tr nh. Mt phn l v nhng my bm cng sutln rt nng v to nn em khng th lm m hnh c, l do na l chi ph cho ccmy bm v bin tn cng sut ln th qu ln i vi kh nng ca em.

Nghin cu k h thng bm cp nc s dng bin tn trong thc t.Nm r trnh tiu khin tng my bmTm hiu v bin tn s dngLa chn my bm v bin tn c cng sut hp l.

Tm hiu v giao tip PLC vi bin tn.Lp trnh PLCLp trnh b PID iu khin my bmThit k giao din SCADA gim st h thng.Giao tip PLC vi SCADA thng qua phn mm PC Access.Thi cng m hnh v chy th kim tra, sa li.


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S H THNG IU KHINPLC S7- 200 PHN T

CHP HNH

SCADA



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 8

CHNG 2:

GII THIU V PLC S7-200

2.1GII THIU CHUNG V THIT BIU KHIN LP TRNHPLC

2.1.1 Gii thiu slc v PLC S7-200:- PLC ( Programmable Logic Controller ): Biu khin lp trnh, PLC c xp

vo trong h my tnh, c s dng trong cc ng dng cng nghip v thngmi.

- PLC t bit s dng trong cc ng dng hot ng logic iu khin chui skin, duy tr bin s theo gi tr khng i hoc theo hm cho trc.

- PLC c y chc nng v tnh ton nh vi x l. Ngoi ra, PLC c tch hpthm mt s hm chuyn dng nh biu khin PID, dch chuyn khi d liu,khi truyn thng,

- PLC c nhng u im:+ C kch thc nh, c thit k v tng bn chu c rung ng, nhit,m v ting n, ng tin cy.

+ R tin i vi cc ng dng iu khin cho h thng phc tp.+ D dng v nhanh chng thay i cu trc ca mch iu khin.+ PLC c cc chc nng kim tra li, chn on li.+ C th nhn i cc ng dng nhanh v t tn km.

- Mt PLC gm c nhng phn cbn sau:+ B ngun: cung cp ngun thit b v cc module mrng c kt ni vo.+ CPU: thc hin chng trnh v d liu iu khin tng cc tc v

hoc qu trnh.+ Vng nh

.

+ Cc ng vo/ra: gm c cc ng vo/ra s, vo/ra tng t. Cc ng vodng quan st tn hiu t bn ngoi a vo (cm bin, cng tc), ng ra dng iu khin cc thit b ngoi vi trong qu trnh.

+ Cc cng/module truyn thng (CP: Communication Professor): dng niCPU vi cc thit b khc kt ni thnh mng, x l thc hin truyn thng giacc trm trong mng.

+ Cc loi module chc nng (FM: Function Module): V d cc module iukhin vng kn, cc module thc hin logic m



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 9

- Phn loi:+ PLC thng c phn lm hai loi theo cu trc phn cng:

PLC kiu hp n. Thng s dng trong cc thit b lp trnh cnh. c cung cp di dng nguyn chic bao gm c b ngun, b x

l, b nhv cc thit b nhp xut.+ PLC kiu module.

Kiu module gm cc module ring cho b ngun, b x l, Cc module thng c lp trn cc rnh bn trong hp kim loi. S phi hp cc module cn thit tu theo cng dng do ngi dng

xc nh kh linh hot.- CPU th

ng c:

+ B thut ton v logic: x l d liu, thc hin cc php ton s hc (cng,tr) v cc php ton logic.

+ B nh(thanh ghi): dng lu tr thng tin.+ Biu khin: chun thi gian ca cc php ton. Cu trc bn trong ca PLC

9 Mt h thng lp trnh cbn phi gm c 2 phn: Khi x l trung tm(CPU: Central Processing Unit) v h thng giao tip vo/ra ( I/O)



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 10

Trong :9 Thit b u vo gm cc thit b to ra tn hiu iu khin nh nt

nhn,cm bin, cng tc hnh trnh

9 Input, Output: cc cng ni pha u vo ra ca PLC hay cc Module mrng.9 C cu chp hnh gm cc thit b iu khin nh: chung, n,

contactor, ng c, van kh nn, heater, my bm, led hin th9 Chng trnh iu khin: nh ra quy lut thay i tn hiu Output u ra

theo tn hiu Input u vo nh mong mun. Cc chng trnh iu khin c tora bng cch s dng b lp trnh chuyn dng cm tay ( Hand Hold programmerPG) hoc chy bng phn mm iu khin trn my tnh sau c np vo PLCthng qua cp k

t n

i PLC v

i my tnh ( hay PG).

9 Khi iu khin trung tm (CPU: Central Processing Unit) gm baphn: B x l, h thng b nhv h thng ngun cung cp.

Hnh: s khi tng qut ca CPUC nhiu loi b nh ngi s dng la chn theo mc ch hay yu cu s

dng ROM ( Read Only Memory): b nhchc khng nh, dng lu tr

chng trnh cnh, khng thay i thng dng cho nh sn xut PLC. RAM ( Random Access Memory) : b nhtruy xut ngu nhin dng

l

u d

liu v ch

ng trnh cho ng

i s

dng.

EPROM: ROM lp trnh c th xa c. EEPROM: Electrically EPROM.

2.1.2 Thit b nhp xut:- Tn hiu nhp t cc b cm bin c th l:- Tn hiu analog: t cc b cm bin nhit , p sut,- Tn hiu ri rc: t cc cng tc trc tip, gin tip (cng tc in t, cng tc

kiu in dung)- Chui xung: t encoder.



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 11

- Tn hiu xut ra c th di dng:+ Tn hiu analog: iu khin ng c+ Tn hiu s: iu khin contactor, van iu khin hng trong cc van

solenoid- Thit b xut dng s: 3 loi.

+ Kiu Relay : u im: cho php ng cc dng in ln, chu c s gia tng t

ngt ng in v in p trong thi gian ngn.Khuyt im: l vn hnh chm.

+ Kiu Transistor:u im: tc chuyn mch nhanh.Khuy

tim: ch

dng

in DC, d

h

h

ng, thit b

ph

i s

dng c

u ch

hay mch in t bo v. Cc b ghp quang c dng cch in.+ Kiu Triac:u im: iu khin ti bn ngoi vi ngun cng sut ac.Khuyt im: d h hng do qu dng. Lun c cu ch bo v trong khi

qua Relay, Trasistor hay Triac, tn hiu t knh sut c th l tn hiu 24V, 100mA,110V, lA; 240VAC,lA;

- Thit b nhp dng s: khi c tn hiu vo, diode quang s pht quang, to raxung hng ngoi, xung ny c transistor quang tip nhn v a vo b x l.

Nhc thit b ny m tn hiu nhp di rng c thc cung cp cho b vi x l(5v): tn hiu 5v, 24v,110v,220v.

2.1.3. Cu trc vng nh:- B nhca S7-200 c chia thnh 4 vng vi 1 t c nhim v duy tr d liu

trong mt khon thi gian nht nh khi mt ngun.- B nhca S7-200 c tnh nng ng cao, c v ghi c trong ton vng, loi

tr phn cc bit nhc bit c k hiu bi SM (Special Memory) ch c th truycp c.

- Cc vng nhca S7-200:+ Vng chng trnh: l min b nh c s dng lu gi cc lnh

chng trnh.+ Vng tham s: l min lu gia cc tham s mh t kha, a ch trm.+ Vng d liu c s dng ct cc d liu ca chng trnh bao gm

cc kt qu bng php tnh, hng sc nh ngha trong chng trnh, bmtruyn thng

+ Vng d liu c cc min nhsau:



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 12

I: Input: ng vo ri rc. Q: Output: ng ra ri rc. M: Internal Memory: vng nhni. SM: Special Memory: vng nhc bit. V: Variable Memory: vng nhbin.

+ Vng i tng: timer, bm, bm tc cao v cc cng vo/ratng tc t trong vng nhcui cng.

2.1.4. Nguyn tc thc hin chng trnh:- PLC thc hin chng trnh theo chu trnh vng lp. Mi vng lp c gi l

vng qut. Trong tng vng qut, chng trnh c thc hin t lnh u tin vkt thc ti lnh kt thc (MEND).

- C th

lp trnh cho PLC S7-200 b

ng cch s

dng ph

n m

m sau STEP7-

Micro/WIN.

- Cc chng trnh cho S7-200 phi c cu trc bao gm chng trnh chnh(main program) v sau n cc chng trnh con v cc chng trnh x l ngt.

- Chng trnh con l mt b phn ca chng trnh chnh, thc hin mi khic gi t chng trnh chnh. u im ca chng trnh con:

- Gim kch thc chng trnh chnh.- Thi gian qut gim (nu khng thoiu kin th s khng nhy ti chng

trnh con).

- D dng sao chp qua cc chng trnh khc.- Cc chng trnh x l ngt l mt b phn ca chng trnh. Chng trnh

phc v ngt c gi khi c s kin ngt xut hin. S kin ngt c nhngha trc trong h thng.



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 13

Giai oan nhap dliu t ngoai vi

Giai oan chuyend lieu ra ngoai vi

Giai oan truyen thongnoi bo va t kiem tra li

Giai oan thc hienchng trnh

Main ProgramMEND

Thc hien mot vong

SBR 0 Chng trnh con th nhatRET

Thc hien khi c

chng trnh chnh oi

SBR n Chng trnh con th n+1RET

INT 0 Chng trnh x ly ngat th 1RETI

Thc hien khi co tnhieu bao ngat.

INT n Chng trnh x ly ngat th n+1RETI

- Mi vng qut tri qua 4 giai on:



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 14

2.2 GII THIU V PLC S7-200 CPU-224 AC/DC/RELAY:2.2.1. Hnh nh ca PLC S7-200 CPU- 224:

- CPU c cp ngun 220VAC.Tch hp 14 ng vo s (mc 1 l 24Vdc, mc 0l 0Vdc). 10 ng ra dng relay. M t cc n bo trn S7-200:

- SF (n ): n SF bo hiu khi PLC c hng hc.- RUN (n xanh): n xanh sng bo hiu PLC ang ch lm vic v thc

hin chng trnh np trong my.- STOP (n vng): n vng sng bo hiu PLC ang ch dng, khng

thc hin chng trnh hin c.- Ix.x (n xanh)ch trng thi logic tc thi ca cng Ix.x. n sng tng ng

mc logic l 1.- Qx.x (n xanh): ch trng thi logic tc thi ca cng Qx.x. n sng tng

ng mc logic l 1.



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 15

Cch u ni ng vo ra PLC:

Cch u ni S7-200 v cc module mrng:- S7-200 v module vo/ra mrng c ni vi nhau bng dy ni. Hai u dy

ni c bo v bn trong PLC v module.Chng ta c th kt ni PLC v module

st nhau bo v hon ton dy ni. CPU224 cho php mrng ti a 7 module.2.2.2. Gii thiu cc module mrng:- Modul EM223 16I/16Q-DC/Relay:



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 16

+ Modul ny c gn thng qua cp ni ti CPU224. S dng ngun trctip t CPU

+ Modul c 16 g vo dng s, 16 ng ra kiu Relay.+ a ch bt u l I2.0 cho ng vo v Q2.0 cho ng ra.

- Modul EM223 4I/4Q- DC/Relay:

+ Tng t nh Modul EM223 16I/16Q-DC/Relay.+ Modul ny tch hp 4 ng vo s v 4 ng ra kiu Relay.+ a ch bt u l I4.0 cho ng vo, Q4.0 cho ng ra.



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 17

- Modul analog EM235:



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 18

2.3. NGON NG LAP TRNH CUA S7_200

2.3.1. Phng phap lap trnh:

- Cach lap trnh cho S7_200 noi rieng va cac PLC cua Siemens noi chung da

tren hai phng phap c ban:Phng phap hnh thang (ladder logic viet tat

thanh LAD) va phng phap liet ke lenh ( Statement List hay goi la STL).

- Neu chng trnh c viet theo kieu LAD, thiet b lap trnh se t tao ra mot

chng trnh theo kieu STL tng ng. Ngc lai khong phai moi chng trnhviet theo kieu STL cung co the chuyen sang c dang LAD.

- nh ngha ve LAD: LAD la mot ngon ng lap trnh bang o hoa. Nhng

thanh phan c ban dung trong LAD tng ng vi cac thanh phan cua ban ieu

khien bang Relay.

- nh ngha ve STL: phng phap liet ke lenh (STL) la phng phap the hien

chng trnh di dang tap hp cac cau lenh. Moi cau lenh trong chng trnh, ke

ca nhng lenh hnh thc bieu dien mot chc nang cua PLC.



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 19

2.3.2. Bang lenh cua s7-200:

He lenh cua S7_200 c chia lam ba nhom c mo ta nh sau:

- Cac lenh ma khi thc hien th lam viec th lam viec oc lap khong phu thuoc

vao gia tr logic cua ngan xep.- Cac lenh ch thc hien c khi bit au tien cua ngan xep co gia tr la 1.

- Cac nhan lenh anh dau v tr trong tap lenh.

Ca hai phng phap LAD va STL s dung ky hieu I e ch nh viec thc hien

tc thi (Immediatetly), tc la gia tr c ch nh trong lenh va c chuyen

vao thanh ghi ao ong thi c chuyen ti tiep iem c ch dan trong lenh

ngay khi lenh c thc hien ch khong phai ch ti giai oan trao oi vi ngoai

vi cua vong quet. ieu o khac vi lenh khong tc thi la gia tri c ch nhtrong lenh ch c chuyen vao thanh ghi ao khi thc hien lenh.

Bang 1: Cac lenh cua S7-200 c thc hien vo ieu kien.

Ten lenh Mo ta

= nGia tr cua bit au tien trong ngan xep c sao chep

sang iem n ch dan trong lenh.

= I n Gia tr cua bit au tien trong ngan xep c sao cheptrc tiep sang iem n ngay khi lenh c thc hien.

A n

Gia tr cua bit au tien trong ngan xep c thc hien

bang phep tnh AND vi iem n ch dan trong lenh.

Ket qua c ghi lai vao bit au tien cua ngan xep.

AB = n1, n2Thc hien lenh AND gia gia tr cua bit au tien

trong ngan xep vi gia tr 1 neu noi dung cua hai byte



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 20

n1 va n2 thoa man n1n2. Ket qua c ghi lai vao

bit au cua ngan xep.

AD= n1, n2

Thc hien lenh AND gia gia tr cua bit au tientrong ngan xep vi gia tr 1 neu noi dung cua hai t

kep n1 va n2 thoa man n1n2. Ket qua c ghi lai

vao bit au cua ngan xep.

AW=n1, n2

Thc hien lenh AND gia gia tr cua bit au tien

trong ngan xep vi gia tr 1 neu noi dung cua hai t

n1 va n2 thoa man n1n2. Ket qua c ghi lai vao

bit au cua ngan xep.

AR



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 21

thc n1 va n2 thoa man n1=n2. Ket qua c ghi lai


AR>= n1, n2(5)

Thc hien lenh AND gia gia tr cua bit au tien

trong ngan xep vi gia tr 1 neu noi dung cua hai sothc n1 va n2 thoa man n1n2. Ket qua c ghi lai


AI n

Lenh AND thc hien tc thi gia gia tr cua bit au

tien trong ngan xep vi tiep diem n c ch dan. Ket

qua c ghi vao bit au cua ngan xep.

ALD

Thc hien lenh AND gia gia tr cua bit au tien va

bit th hai trong ngan xep. Ket qua c ghi lai vaobit au cua ngan xep. Cac gia tr con lai trong ngan

xep c keo len mot bit.

AN n

Thc hien lenh AND gia gia tr cua bit au tien va

gia tr nghch ao cua iem n ch dan trong lenh. Ket

qua c ghi lai vao bit au cua ngan xep.

ANI n

Thc hien tc thi lenh AND gia gia tr cua bit au

tien va gia tr nghch ao cua iem n ch dan tronglenh. Ket qua c ghi lai vao bit au cua ngan xep.

CTU Cxx, PV

Khi ong bo em tien theo sn len cua tn hieu au

vao. Bo em c at lai trang thai ban au (reset)

neu tn hieu au vao R cua bo em c kch.

CTUD Cxx, PV

Khi ong bo em tien theo sn len cua tn hieu au

vao th nhat va em lui theo sn len cua tn hieu

au vao th hai. Bo em c at lai trang thai ban

au (reset) neu tn hieu au vao R cua bo em ckch.

EDat gia tr logic 1 vao bit au cua ngan xep khi xuat

hien sn xuong cua tn hieu.

EUat gia tr logic 1 vao bit au cua ngan xep khi xuat

hien sn len cua tn hieu.

LD n Nap gia tr logic cua iem n ch dan trong lenh vao bit



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 23

OD =n1,n2

Thc hien phep toan OR gia bit au tien cua ngan

xep vi gia tr logic 1 neu noi dung cua hai byte n1 va

n2 thoa ieu kien n1=n2. Ket qua c ghi lai vao bit

au tien cua ngan xep.

OD >=n1,n2

Thc hien phep toan OR gia bit au tien cua ngan

xep vi gia tr logic 1 neu noi dung cua hai byte n1 va

n2 thoa ieu kien n1n2. Ket qua c ghi lai vao bit

au tien cua ngan xep.

OI n

Thc hien tc thi toan t OR gia bit au tien cua

ngan xep vi iem n ch dan trong lenh. Ket qua c

ghi lai vao bit au tien cua ngan xep.

OLD

Thc hien toan t OR gia bit au tien va bit th hai

cua ngan xep. Ket qua c ghi lai vao bit au tien

cua ngan xep. Cac gia tr con lai cua ngan xep c

chuyen len mot bit.

ON n

Thc hien toan t OR gia bit au tien cua ngan xep

vi gia tr nghch ao cua iem n ch dan trong lenh.


ONI n

Thc hien toan t OR gia bit au tien cua ngan xep

vi gia tr nghch ao cua iem n ch dan trong lenh.


OR =n1,n2(5)

Thc hien toan t OR gia gia tr logic cua bit au

tien trong ngan xep vi gia tr logic 1. Neu hai so thc

n1, n2 thoa man ieu kien n1=n2. Ket qua c ghi

lai vao bit au tien cua ngan xep.

OR>=n1,n2(5)Thc hien toan t OR gia gia tr logic cua bit autien trong ngan xep vi gia tr logic 1. Neu hai so thc

n1, n2 thoa man ieu kien n1n2. Ket qua c ghi


OR



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 24


OW =n1,n2(5)


tien trong ngan xep vi gia tr logic 1. Neu hai t n1,

n2 thoa man ieu kien n1=n2. Ket qua c ghi laivao bit au tien cua ngan xep.

OW>=n1,n2(5)


tien trong ngan xep vi gia tr logic 1. Neu hai t n1,

n2 thoa man ieu kien n1n2. Ket qua c ghi lai

vao bit au tien cua ngan xep.

OW



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S TRANG 25

+R IN1,IN2(5)Thc hien phep cong hai so thc (32bit)

IN1 va IN2. Ket qua c ghi lai vao

IN2.

-R IN1,IN2(5)Thc hien phep tr hai so thc (32bit)IN1 va IN2. Ket qua c ghi lai vao

IN2.

*R IN1,IN2(5)

Thc hien phep nhan hai so thc (32bit)

IN1 va IN2. Ket qua c ghi lai vao

IN2.

/R IN1,IN2(5)

Thc hien phep chia hai so thc (32bit)

IN1 va IN2. Ket qua c ghi lai vaoIN2.

ANDD IN1,IN2

Thc hien toan t logic AND gia cac

gia tr kieu t kep. Ket qua c ghi lai

vao IN2.

ANDW IN1,IN2

Thc hien toan t logic AND gia cac

gia tr kieu t. Ket qua c ghi lai vao

IN2.ATCH INT,EVENT

Khai bao chng trnh x ly ngat INT

theo kieu EVENT

ATH IN, OUT,LEN

Bien oi mot sau k t t ma ASCII t v

tr IN (kieu Byte) vi o dai (LEN kieu

Byte) sang ma Hexa(c so 16) va ghi vao

mang ke t byte OUT.

MUL IN1, IN2

Nhan so nguyen 16 bit IN1 vi hai bit

thap cua so nguyen IN2 sau o ket qua

c ghi vao IN2.

ORD IN1, IN2Thc hien toan t OR cho hai t kep IN1

va IN2 sau o ghi ket qua vao IN2.

ORW IN1, IN2Thc hien toan t OR cho hai t IN1 va

IN2 sau o ghi ket qua vao IN2.

R S_Bit,n Xoa mot mang gom n bit ke t S_Bit



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 26

(kieu Bit).

RI S_Bit,nXoa tc thi mot mang gom n bit ke t

S_Bit

S S_BIT,nat gia tr logic 1 vao mot mang n bit ke

t a ch S_BIT.

STOP Dng mem chng trnh

SWAP INoi cho hai bit au tien va cuoi cung cua

byte IN cho nhau

TODR T(5)oc gi va ngay thang sau hien thi t

ong ho va ghi vao bo em 8 byte co

byte au la T

TODW T(5)Ghi vao ong ho gia tr thi gian, ngay,

thang t bo em 8 byte vi byte au la T.

TON Txx, PT

Khi ong bo phat thi gian tre Txx vi

thi gian tre at trc la tch cua PT

(kieu t) va o phan giai cua bo thi

gian Txx c chon.

TONR Txx, PTKhi ong bo phat thi gian tre co nhTxx vi thi gian tre at trc la tch cua

PT (kieu t) va o phan giai cua bo thi

gian Txx c chon.

TRUNC IN, OUT(5)Chuyen oi mot so thc 32 bit IN thanh

mot so nguyen 32 bit co dau va ghi vao

OUT

Chu y:(1)Nhng lenh khong thc hien c trong chng trnh x ly ngat. Lenh Int

ch co the c s dung lam lenh bat au cua chng trnh con.(2)Nhng lenh khong thc hien c trong mot chng trnh con. Lenh SBR

ch co the la lenh bat au cua chng trnh con.(3)Nhng leng co kem chc nang ghi lai noi dung cua Stack trc o.(4)Nhng lenh khong s dung c trong chng trnh chnh.(5)Nhng lenh ch cho CPU214.



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 27

(6)Ghi nh lai noi dung tc thi cua Stack. at TOS len 1 va gan gia tr

logic 0 vao cac bit con lai cua Stack.(7)at TOS len 1.

2.2.3 Lenh vao/ra: Lnh vo/ra: LOAD (LD): Lnh LD np gi tr logic ca mt tip im vo trong bit

u tin ca ngn xp, cc gi tr cn li trong ngn xp by li xung mt bit. LOAD NOT (LDN): Lnh LD np gi tr logic ca mt tip im vo

trong bit u tin ca ngn xp, cc gi tr cn li trong ngn xp by li xungmt bit.

By ra khi ngn xp By ra khi ngn xp

- Cc dng khc nhau ca lnh LD, LDN cho LAD nh sau:LAD M t Ton hng

n

Tip im thng msng nu n=1

n

\Tip im thng ng s mkhi n=1

n: I, Q, M, SM,

(bit) T, C

n

ITip im thng m s ng tc thikhi n=1

n

\ITip im thng ng s m tc thikhi n=1

n:1

C0C1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8

~mC0C1C2C3C4C5C6C7

Trc LDN SauC0C1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8

mC0C1C2C3C4C5C6C7

Trc LD Sau



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 28

- Cc dng khc nhau ca lnh LD, LDN cho STL nh sau:LAD M t Ton hng

LD nLnh np gi tr logic ca im n vo bit u

tin trong ngn xp.LDN n

Lnh np gi tr logic nghch o ca im nvo bit u tin trong ngn xp.

n: I, Q, M, SM,

(bit) T, C

LDI nLnh np tc thi gi tr logic ca im n vo

bit u tin trong ngn xp.

LDNI nLnh np tc thi gi tr logic nghch o caim n vo bit u tin trong ngn xp.

n:1

- OUTPUT (=): lnh sao chp ni dung ca bit u tin trong ngn xp vo bit

c chnh trong lnh. Ni dung ngn xp khng b thay i.+ M t lnh OUTPUT bng LAD nh sau:LAD M t Ton hng

n

( )Cun dy u ra trng thi kch thch khic dng iu khin i qua

n:I,Q,M,SM,T,C

(bit)

n

( I )Cun dy u ra c kch thch tc thikhi c dng iu khin i qua

n: Q (bit)

Cc lnh ghi/xa gi tr cho tip im:+ SET (S)

+ RESET (R): Lnh dng ng v ngt cc im gin on c thitk. Trong LAD, logic iu khin dng in ng hay ngt cc cun dy u ra. Khidng iu khin n cc cun dy th cc cun dy ng hoc mcc tip im.Trong STL, lnh truyn trng thi bit u tin ca ngn xp n cc im thit k.

Nu bit ny c gi tr bng 1, cc lnh S hoc R sng ngt tip im hoc mtdy cc tip im (gii hn t 1 n 255). Ni dung ca ngn xp khng b thay i

bi cc lnh ny.+ M t lnh S (Set) v R (Reset) bng LAD:

LAD M t Ton hngS bit n

( S )ng mt mng gm n cc tip im kta ch S-bit

S bit n

( R )

Ngt mt mng gm n cc tip im kt S-bit. Nu S-bit li ch vo Timer hocCounter th lnh s xo bit u ra caTimer/Counter.

S-bit: I, Q,

M,SM,T, C,V (bit)

n (byte): IB, QB,

MB, SMB,

VB,AC, hng s,*VD, *AC



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 29

S bit n

( SI )ng tc thi mt mng gm n cc tipim k ta ch S-bit

S bit n

( RI )Ngt tc thi mt mng gm n cc tipim k ta ch S-bit

S-bit: Q (bit)

n(byte):IB,QB,

MB, SMB,

VB,AC, hng s,*VD, *AC

+ M t lnh S (Set) v R (Reset) bng STL:STL M t Ton hng

S S-bit n Ghi gi tr logic vo mt mng gm n bitk ta ch S-bit

R S-bit n

Xa mt mng gm n bit k ta ch S-bit. Nu S-bit li ch vo Timer hoc

Counter th lnh s xo bit u ra caTimer/Counter.

S-bit: I, Q,

M,SM,T, C,V (bit)

SI S-bit n Ghi tc thi gi tr logic vo mt mnggm n bit k ta ch S-bit

RI S-bit nXa tc thi mt mng gm n bit k ta ch S-bit.

S-bit: Q (bit)

n

(byte):IB,QB,MB,

SMB, VB,AC,

hng s, *VD, *AC

Cc lnh logic i s Boolean:+ Cc lnh tip im i s Boolean cho php to lp cc mch logic (khngc nh). Trong LAD cc lnh ny c biu din thng qua cu trc mch, mc nitip hay song song cc tip im thng ng hay cc tip im thng m. TrongSTL c th s dng lnh A (And) v O (Or) cho cc hm hhoc cc lnh AN(And Not), ON (Or Not) cho cc hm kn. Gi tr ca ngn xp thay i ph thucvo tng lnh.

+ Ngoi nhng lnh lm vic trc tip vi tip im, S7 200 cn c 5 lnh

c bi

t bi

u di

n cho cc php tnh c

a

i s

Boolean cho cc bit trong ngn x

p,

c gi l lnh stack logic. l cc lnh ALD (And Load), OLD (Or Load), LPS(Logic Push), LRD (Logic Read) v LPP (Logic Pop). Lnh stack logic c dng t hp, sao chp hoc xo cc mnh logic. LAD khng c bm dnh choStack logic. STL s dng cc lnh stack logic thc hin phng trnh tng th cnhiu biu thc con.



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 30

Lnh M tTonhng

ALD

Lnh t hp gi tr ca bit u tin v th hai ca ngnxp bng php tnh logic AND. Kt qu ghi li vo bitu tin. Gi tr cn li ca ngn xp c ko ln mt

bit.

Khng c

OLD

Lnh t hp gi tr ca bit u tin v th hai ca ngnxp bng php tnh logic OR. Kt qu ghi li vo bit utin. Gi tr cn li ca ngn xp c ko ln mt bit.

Khng c

LPS

Lnh Logic Push (LPS) sao chp gi tr ca bit u tin

vo bit th hai trong ngn xp. Gi tr cn li b yxung mt bit. Bit cui cng by ra khi ngn xp. Khng c

LRD

Lnh sao chp gi tr ca bit th hai vo bit u tin trongngn xp.Cc gi tr cn li ca ngn xp gi nguyn vtr

Khng c

LPPLnh ko ngn xp ln mt bit. Gi tr ca bit sau cchuyn cho bit trc.

Khng c

+ AND (A) Lnh A v O phi hp gi tr logic ca mt tip im n vi+ OR (O) gi tr bit u tin ca ngn xp. Kt qu php tnh c t li

vo bit u tin trong ngn xp. Gi tr ca cc bit cn li trong ngn xp khng bthay i.

+ Tc ng ca cc php tnh A (And) v O (Or)

+ AND LOAD (ALD)

C0C1C2

C3C4C5C6C7C8

mC1C2

C3C4C5C6C7C8

C0C1C2

C3C4C5C6C7C8

mC1C2

C3C4C5C6C7C8

Trc (And) Sau Trc (Or) Sau



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 31

+ OR LOAD (OR) : Lnh ALD v OLD thc hin php tnh logic And vOr gia hai bit u tin ca ngn xp. Kt qu ca logic ny sc ghi li vo bitu trong ngn xp. Ni dung cn li ca ngn xp c ko ln mt bit.

+ Tc ng ca lnh ALD v OLD VO ngn xp nh sau:

+ LOGIC PUSH (LPS)+ LOGIC READ (LRD)+ LOGIC POP (LPP): Lnh LPS, LRD v LPP l nhng lnh thay i ni

dung bit u tin ca ngn xp. Lnh LPS sao chp ni dung bit u tin vo bit thhai trong ngn xp, ni dung ngn xp sau by xung mt bit. Lnh LRD lygi tr bit th hai ghi vo bit u tin ca ngn xp, ni dung ngn xp sau cko ln mt bit. Lnh LPP ko ngn xp ln mt bit. Cc lnh tip im c bit:

+ C th dng tip im c bit pht hin s chuyn tip trng thi caxung (sn xung) v o trng thi ca dng cung cp ( gi tr ca nh ngn xp).LAD s dng cc tip im c bit tc ng vo dng cung cp. Cc tip imc bit khng c ton hng ring ca chnh chng v v th phi t chng vo vtr pha trc ca cun dy hoc hp u ra. Tip im chuyn tip dng/m ( cclnh sn trc v sn sau) c nhu cu v b nh, bi vy i vi CPU 212 ch cth s dng nhiu nht 128 lnh v CPU 214 l 256 lnh.

Cc lnh tip im c bit c biu din nh sau trong LAD

C0C1C2C3C4C5

C6C7C8

mC2C3C4C5C6

C7C8

Trc ALD Sau

C0C1C2C3C4C5

C6C7C8

mC1C2C3C4C5

C6C7C8

Trc OLD Sau



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 32

P

LAD M tTonhng

Tip im o trng thi ca dng cung cp c tipim o th n b ngt mch, nu khng c tipim o mch th n thng mch.

Khng c

Tip im chuyn i dng cho php dng cungcp thng mch trong mt vng qut khi snxung iu khin chuyn t 0 ln 1

Khng c

Tip im chuyn i m cho php dng cuncungcp thng mch trong mt vng qut khi sn

xung iu khin chuyn t 1 xu ng 0

Khng c

Cc lnh so snh :+ Khi lp trnh, nu cc quyt nh viu khin c thc hin da trn kt

qu ca vic so snh th c th s dng lnh so snh theo byte, Word hay Dwordca S7 200.

+ LAD s dng lnh so snh so snh cc gi tr ca byte, word hay Dword(gi tr thc hoc nguyn). Nhng lnh so snh thng l: so snh nh hn hoc

bng (=).+ Khi so snh gi tr ca byte th khng cn phi n du ca ton hng,

ngc li khi so snh cc t hay t kp vi nhau th phi n du ca ton hngl bit cao nht trong t hoc t kp. V d 7FFF > 8000 v 7FFFFFFF > 80000000.

LAD M t Ton hng

n1 n2

==Bn1 n2

==In1 n2

==Dn1 n2

==R

Tip im ng khi n1=n2

B = byteI = Integer = Word

D = Double Integer

R = Real

n1, n2(byte): VB, IB,

QB, MB, SMB, AC,Const, *VD, *AC

( )N

( )P

( )NOT



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 33

n1 n2

>=Bn1 n2

>=In1 n2

>=Dn1 n2

>=R

Tip im ng khi n1 n2B = byte

I = Integer = Word

D = Double Integer

R = Real

n1, n2(word): VW,

T, C, QW, MW,SMW, AC, AIW,

hng s, *VD, *AC

n1 n2



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 34

+ MOVD (STL)+ MOV_R (LAD) Lnh sao chp mt s thc t IN (4byte) sang OUT

(4byte)

+ MOVR(STL)+ C php lnh dch chuyn nh sau:



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 35

LAD STL Ton hng

MOVB IN OUT

IN : VB, IB, QB,MB, SMB, AC,

(byte) hng s,*VD, *AC

OUT: VB, IB, QB,

MB, SMB, AC,

(byte) *VD, *AC

MOVW IN OUT

IN : VB, IB, QB,

MB, SMB, AC,(tn) hng s,*VD, *AC

OUT: VB, IB, QB,

MB, SMB, AC,

(tn) *VD, *AC

MOVD IN OUT

IN : VB, IB, QB,

MB, SMB, AC,

(t kp) hng s,*VD, *AC

OUT: VB, IB, QB,

MB, SMB, AC,

(t kp) *VD, *AC

MOVR IN OUT

IN : VB, IB, QB,

MB, SMB, AC,

(t kp) hng s,*VD, *AC

OUT: VB, IB, QB,

MB, SMB, AC,

(t kp) *VD, *AC

MOV_W

EN

IN

OUT

MOV_DW

EN

IN

OUT

MOV_B

EN

IN

OUT

EN

IN

OUT

MOV_R



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S TRANG 36

Lnh nhy v lnh gi chng trnh con:+ Cc lnh ca chng trnh, nu khng c nhng lnh iu khin ring, s

c thc hin theo th t t trn xung di trong mt vng qut. Lnh iu khinchng trnh cho php thay i th t thc hin lnh. Chng cho php chuyn tht thc hin, ng l ra l lnh tip theo, ti mt lnh bt c no khc ca chngtrnh, trong ni iu khin chuyn n c nh du trc bng mt nhn chch. Thuc nhm lnh iu khin chng trnh gm: lnh nhy, lnh gi chngtrnh con. Nhn chch, hay gi n gin l nhn, phi c nh du trc khithc hin nhy hay lnh gi chng trnh con.

+ Vic t nhn cho lnh nhy phi nm trong chng trnh. Nhn cach

ng trnh con, ho

c c

a ch

ng trnh x

l ng

t

c khai bo

u ch

ng

trnh. Khng th dng lnh nhy JMP chuyn iu khin t chng trnh chnhvo mt vo mt nhn bt k trong chng trnh con hoc trong chng trnh x lngt. Tng t nh vy cng khng th t mt chng trnh con hay chng trnhx l ngt nhy vo bt c mt nhn no nm ngoi cc chng trnh .

+ Lnh gi chng trnh con l lnh chuyn iu khin n chng trnhcon. Khi chng trnh con thc hin cc php tnh ca mnh th vic iu khin lic chuyn tr v lnh tip theo trong chng trnh chnh ngay sau lnh gichng trnh con. T mt chng trnh con c th gi c mt chng trnh conkhc trong n, c th gi nh vy nhiu nht l 8 ln trong S7 200. qui (trongmt chng trnh con c lnh gi n chnh n) v nguyn tc khng b cm song

phi ch n gii hn trn.+ Nu lnh nhy hay lnh gi chng trnh con c thc hin th nh ngn

xp lun c gi tr logic bng 1. Bi vy trong chng trnh con cc lnh c iukhin c thc hin nh cc lnh khng iu kin. Sau cc lnh LBL (t nhn) vSBR, lnh LD trong STL s b v hiu ha.

+ Khi mt chng trnh con c gi, ton b ni dung ca ngn xp s

c ct i, nh ca ngn xp nhn mt gi tr mi l 1, cc bit khc cn li cangn xp nhn gi tr logic 0 v chng trnh c chuyn tip n chng trnhcon c gi. Khi thc hin xong chng trnh con v trc khi iu khin cchuyn trli chng trnh gi n, ni dung ngn xp c ct gi trc sc chuyn trli ngn xp.

+ Ni dung ca thanh ghi AC khng c ct gi khi gi chng trnh con,nhng khi mt chng trnh x l ngt c gi, ni dung ca thanh ghi AC sc ct gi trc khi thc hin chng trnh x l ngt v np li khi chng trnh



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 37

x l ngt c thc hin xong. Bi vy chng trnh x l ngt c th t do sdng bn thanh ghi AC ca S7 200.

+ JMP, CALL

+ LBL, SBR : Lnh nhy JMP v lnh gi chng trnh con SBR cho phpchuyn iu khin t v tr ny n mt v tr khc trong chng trnh. C php lnhnhy v lnh gi chng trnh con trong LAD v STL u c ton hng l nhn chch (ni nhy n, ni cha chng trnh con).

LAD STL M t Ton hng

n

( JMP) JMP Kn

Lnh nhy thc hin vicchuyn iu khin n nhn ntrong mt chng trnh.

JMP Kn Lnh khai bo nhn n trongmt chng trnh.

n:

CPU 212: 063

CPU 214:0255

n

( CALL) CALL Kn

Lnh gi chng trnh con,thc hin php chuyn iukhin n chng trnh con cnhn n.

SBR KnLnh gn nhn cho mtchng trnh con.

n:

CPU 212: 015

CPU 214:

0255

( CRET)CRET

Lnh tr v chng trnh gi chng trnh con c iukin (bit u ca ngn xp cgi tr logic bng 1)

( RET) RET

Lnh tr v chng trnh gi chng trnh con khngiu kin.

Khng c

Cc lnh iu khin Timer:Timer l b to thi gian tr gia tn hiu vo v tn hiu ra nn trong iu

khin thng c gi l khu tr. Nu k t tn hiu (logic) vo l x(t) v thigian trc to ra bng Timer l T th tn hiu u ra ca Timer s l x(t- T)

S7- 200 c 64 Timer (vi CPU 212) hoc 128 Timer (vi CPU 214) c chiathnh 2 loi khc nhau, l:

-Timer to thi gian tr khng c nh(On-Delay Timer), k hiu l TON.

LBL: n

SBR:n



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S TRANG 38

-Timer to thi gian tr c nh (Retentive On-Delay Timer), k hiu lTONR.

Hai kiu Timer ca S7- 200 (TON v TONR) phn bit vi nhau phn ng

ca n i vi trng thi tn hiu u vo.C 2 Timer kiu TON v TONR cng bt u to thi gian tr tn hiu k t

thi im c sn ln tn hiu u vo, tc l khi tn hiu u vo chuyn trngthi logic t 0 ln 1, c gi l thi im Timerc kch, v khng tnh khongthi gian khi u vo c gi tr logic 0 vo thi gian tr tn hiu c t trc.

Khi u vo c gi tr logic bng 0, TON tng Reset cn TONR th khngtng Reset. Timer TON c dng to thi gian tr trong 1 khong thigian (min lin thng), cn vi TONR thi gian tr sc to ra trong nhiukho

ng th

i gian khc nhau.

Timer TON v TONR bao gm 3 loi vi 3 loi phn gii khc nhau, phngii 1ms, 10ms, 100ms. Thi gian trT c to ra chnh l tch ca phngii ca b Timerc chn v gi trt trc cho Timer. V d 1 b Timer c phn gii bng 10ms v gi trt trc l 50 th thi gian tr s l T=500ms.

Cc loi Timer ca S7-200 (i vi CPU 212 v CPU 214) chia theo TON,TONR v phn gii bao gm:

Lnh phn gii Gi tr cc i CPU 212 CPU 2141 ms 32,767 s T32 T32, T96

10 ms 327,67 s T33 T36 T33T36,T97T100TON

100 ms 3276,7 s T37 T63 T37

T63,T101T127

1 ms 32,767 s T0 T0, T64

10 ms 327,67 s T1 T4 T1T4, T65 T68TONR

100 ms 3276,7 s T5 T31 T5 T31, T69 T95

Cc lnh iu khin Timer:Dang lenh Mo ta chc nang lenh

L

A

D

Khai bao Timer so hieu xxx kieu TON e tao

thi gian tre tnh t khi gia tr au vao IN c

kch. Neu gia tr em tc thi ln hn hoac

bang gia tr at trc th T-bit bang 1.

Txxx: CPU214: 32-63, 96-127



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S TRANG 39

STL TON Txxx PTPT:VW,T,C,IW,QW,MW,SMW,SW,AC,AIW,

Const, *VD, *AC.

LA

D

STL TONR Txxx PT

Khai bao Timer so hieu xxx kieu TOR e taothi gian tre tnh t khi gia tr au vao IN c

kch. Neu gia tr em tc thi ln hn hoac

bang gia tr at trc th T-bit bang 1

Txxx :CPU 214: 0-31, 64-95

PT:VW,T,C,IW, QW,MW,SMW,

SW,AC,AIW, Const, *VD, *AC.

iu khin vng vi tch phn t l (PID):Lnh vng lp PID (Proportional, Integral, Derivative Loop) thc hin vic tnh

ton vng lp hoc lin quan n vic LOOP da trn tn hiu ng vo v cu hhthng tin trong TABLE.

Ton hng:Table: VB

Loop: 0 n 7Lnh ny tc ng n cc bit trong vng nhc bit nh: SM1.1. Lnh lpPID dng thc hin cc tnh ton PID. u mi logic Stack (TOS) phi c btON (Power flow) mi cho php tnh ton PID. Lnh ny c 2 ton hng: a chTABLE l a ch bt u ca bng lp v LOOP cha 1 hng s t 0 n 7. Do ch c 8 lnh PID c thc dng trong cng chng trnh. Nu c hn hai lnhPID c cng s LOOP ( ngay c khi chng c a ch TABLE khc nhau) th victnh ton PID sng chm n nhng lnh khc, kt qu ng ra khng thontrc.

Bng vng lp cha tt c 9 thng sc dng cho vic iu khin v gim sthot ng lp bao gm c nhng gi tr x l hin ti v trc : im t, ng ra, li, thi gian ly mu, thi gian tch phn (reset), thi gian vi phn (rate), vtng li, thi gian ly mu, thi gian tch phn (reset), thi gian vi phn (rate),v tng tch phn (bias). thc hin tnh ton PID ti t l ly mu mong mun,lnh PID phi c thc thi t trnh phc v ngt hoc t chng trnh chnh ti vtr c thc hin bi Timer. Thi gian ly mu phi c cung cp bi ng von lnh PID v bng lp.



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 40

Thut ton PID:Trong trang thi hot ng vng chc, biu khin PID hiu chnh gi tr ng

ra sao cho sai st c bng 0. Vic tnh ton sai s ny da trn s sai lch gia

im t ( Setpoint: gi tr m ta mong mun) v bin x l ( Process Variable:im lm vic thc s).

Nguyn tc ca vic iu khin PID da trn ng thc th hin ng ra sauy:

Output = so hang ty le + so hang tch phan + so hang sai lech

- Trong :

M(t): kt qu ng ra vng lp nh chc nng thi gian

Kc : li vng lp

e : Sai s vng lp ( sai lch gia im t v bin x l)

Minitial : Gi tr ban u ng ra vng lp.

Tuy nhin, trong biu thc tnh ton trong cc my tnh sc thc hin theo

tng chu k ly mu. Do vy, biu thc trn c th vit nh sau:

Trong :

Mn : Gi tr tnh ton ng ra ca vng lp ti thi im ly mu n.

Kc : tch phn

Minitial : Gi tr ban li vng lp

en : Gi tr sai s ca vng lp ti thi im ly mu nen-1 : Gi tr sai s vng lp ti thi im ly mu n-1

Ki : H s t l ca s hng u ng ra vng lp

Kd : H s t l ca s hng sai lch

n gin hn ta c:

Mn = MPn + MIn + MDn



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S TRANG 41

Trong :

Mn : Gi tr tnh ton ng ra ca vng lp ti thi im ly mu n

MPn : Gi tr s hng t l ca vng lp ti thi im ly mu n.

MIn : Gi tr s hng tch phn ca vng lp ti thi im ly mu n

MDn : Gi tr s hng sai lch ca vng lp ti thi im ly mu n.

S hng t l:

MPn = Kc * (SPn - PVn)

Trong :

MPn : Gi tr s hng t l ca vng lp ti thi im ly mu n

Kc : li vng lp

SPn : Gi trim t ti thi im ly mu n.

PVn : Gi tr bin x l ti thi im ly mu n.

S hng tch phn:

MIn = Kc * Ts / Ti * (SPn - PVn) + MX

- Trong :

MIn : Gi tr s hng tch phn ca vng lp ti thi im ly mu n

Kc li vng lpSPn : Gi trim t ti thi im ly mu n.


Ts : Thi gian ly mu ca vng lp

Ti : Chu k tch phn ca vng lp ( thi gian tch phn hay reset)

MX : Gi tr s hng tch phn ca vng lp ti thi im ly mu (n-1) (tngtch phn hay dc).

S hng sai lch:MDn = Kc * Td/Ts * (SPn - PVn) - (SPn-1 - PVn-1)

Nu SP = const th ta c SPn = SPn-1CE. Do vy:

MDn = Kc * Td/Ts * (PVn-1 - PVn)

Trong :

MDn : Gi tr s hng sai lch ca vng lp ti thi im ly mu n.

Kc li vng lp



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S TRANG 42

SPn : Gi trim t ti thi im ly mu n.


SPn-1 : Gi trim t ti thi im ly mu n-1

PVn-1 : Gi tr bin x l ti thi im ly mu n-1.

Ts : Thi gian ly mu ca vng lp

Td : Chu k sai lch ca vng lp (thi gian vi phn hay rate).



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S TRANG 43

Chng 3 :

TM HIU S7-200 PC ACCESS

3.1 TNG QUAN V S7-200 PC ACCESS :3.1.1 Gii thiu :

PLC S7-200 Simatic c thit k gii quyt nhng vn giao tip vcc nhu cu ca mng lm vic bng cch h trkhng chnhng mng lm vicn gin nht m cn nhng mng phc tp hn. PLC Simatic S7-200 cng cungcp cc cng c cho php giao tip vi nhiu thit b khc nhau. Chng hn nh :my in, cn trng lng m s dng chnh cc giao thc ca chng.

PC Access l mt OPC Server dnh ring cho PLC Simatic S7-200. PCAccess c th lm vic vi bt k chun OPC Client nh : Excel Client, Protool/ProClient, Visual Basic Client. S7-200 PC Access gip cho vic thit lp v xc nhcu hnh ca mng lm vic mt cch d dng v n gin.

Tuy nhin S7-200 PC ACCESS khng h tr giao tip vi cc sn phmkhc ca Simatic nh : S7-300 hay S7-400.

3.1.2 Nhng tin ch ca PC ACCESS : Xy d

ng m

t OPC Test Client.

C tha Excel Client vo c th quan st c nhng bng tnh. Cung cp giao din chun cho bt k OPC Client. Tch hp bng biu tng Micro/Win bao gm biu tng nhn xt. Lm n gin giao din ngi dng (User Interface) gip cho vic ci t

v xc nh cu hnh nhanh chng. Time Stamp cho bit thi gian mi tag c cp nht (khi s dng Test

Client).

S ci tin trong vic chn la. Chng hn nh vic thng bo gii hntrn (Hight) v di (Low).

C th lm vic vi tt c cc kiu d liu ca PLC S7-200. Khng hn ch s lng Item c c hay vit. PC Access cung cp phng thc nhng biu khin nh c th ci

tin v :9 Cc thao tc.9 S phc v.



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 44

S bo dng cc my mc, nhng chng trnh ng dng v kh nngthc hin d dng .

)S ci tin ny lm cho vic truy cp d liu, iu khin v gim st cthc hin mt cch d dng.

3.1.3 Kh nng giao tip ca PC Access :PC AccessChannel

Thit b giao tip S lng PLC ktni

Ethernet CP243-1 or CP243-1 IT 8

PPI multi-master Cable thng minh PPI 8

PPI multi-master Cable thng minh PPI RS232PPI multi-master Moderm bn trong hoc l bn

ngoi (c s dng vi 1 cablethng minh PPI)

8

PPI, MPI, DP Card giao tip Siemens CP. 4PPI multi-master Seimens MC40 Cell Modem hay

radio Moderm (c s dng vi 1cable thng minh PPI)

8

3.1.4 Xc nh tc baud v a ch network :PLC S7-200 h tr1 mng lm vic ch - t(master slave), PLC S7-200

c th l ch (master) hay t(slave). Trong khi , S7-200 PC Access lun l ch(master).

Tt c cc thit b (device) giao tip trong network th u phi c xcnh cu hnh c th truyn d liu ti cng mt tc baud. V vy, tc baudnhanh nht trong networkc xc nh bi tc chm nht ca thit b ni ti

network. Bng lit k tc baud khi s dng S7-200 trong network

Network Baud Rate

Standard Network 9.6 kbaud n 187.5 kbaudNetwork s dng EM 277 9.6 kbaud n 12 MbaudNetwork s dng FreePort Mode 1200 baud n 115.2 kbaud



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S TRANG 45

a ch ca mi thit bc ng k trong network phi l duy nht trongnetwork. a ch duy nht ny m bo d liu c truyn hay c phc hitng thit bc yu cu. S7-200 a ra a ch network l t 0 n 126. i

vi S7-200 c 2 Port, mi Port c mt a ch network.Bng lit k a ch network mc nh ca cc thit b S7-200

S7-200 Device a ch mc nh

S7-200 PC Access 0

HMI (TD 200, TP hay OP) 1

S7-200 CPU 2

3.1.5

Cc giao thc ca S7-200 PC Access trong network:S7-200 CPU b trnhiu kh nng giao tip, cho php xc nh cu hnhnetwork c th thi hnh cc chc nng m ng dng yu cu. Network c th htrmt hay nhiu nghi thc giao tip sau:

3.2 Point-To-Point Interface (PPI)

3.3 Multi-Point Interface (MPI)

3.4 PROFIBUS

3.5 TCP/IP

S7-200 PC Access s dng PPI, Ethernet hay Modem c thc d liut tm PLC cng mt lc. N c th to ra hn tm PLC trong cng mt project.Tuy nhin da vo cu hnh mc nh th ch c tm PLC l c thc tch cccng mt lc. Trong phn ny cp n PPI network v Ethernet network.

PPI network :Trong PPI network c cc trng hp c th sau :

Single-master network :Hnh sau minh ha mng lm vic n ch (single-master network)

Single-Master Network



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 46

Trong single-master network ny, trm chng trnh v S7-200 c ni vinhau thng qua cp PC/PPI hay mt card c b x l giao tip (CP) c ci t trm chng trnh. Trong hnh minh ha trn S7-200 PC Access trn my tnh l

master, S7-200 l slave. i vi mt cu hnh single-master PPI th phi xc nhcu hnh S7-200 PC Access s dng nghi thc PPI hoc l single-master, multi-master hay l PPI Advanced

Multi-Master-Network :Hnh sau minh ha mng lm vic a ch (multi-master network)

S7-200 PC Access v HMI truy cp n mt PLC S7-200S7-200 PC Access s dng CP hay cable PC/PPI kt ni ti S7-200, S7-

200 PC Access v HMI u s dng chung mt network. C hai S7-200 PC Access

v thit b HMI (chng hn nh TD200, TP hay OP) u l master v u c a chnetwork ring bit. S7-200 CPU l slave. i vi mt network c nhiu master truycp ti mt slave th nn s dng cable PPI Multi-Master. Cable ny s tngiu chnh cu hnh ph hp vic thit lp.

S7-200 PC Access v HMI truy cp n nhiu PLCTrong hnh minh ha ny, PC Access v HMI u mun ly d liu t bt k

S7-200 CPU slave. S7-200 PC Access v HMI u s dng chung mt network vc hai u l master trong network ny. Tt c cc device (master v slave) u phi



Lun Vn Tt Nghip

S TRANG 47

c a ch network khc nhau. i vi mt network PPI c nhiu master v nhiuslave th phi xc nh cu hnh S7-200 PC Access s dng nghi thc PPI vinhiu master driver. Trong trng hp ny s dng PPI Advanced l tt nht.

Hnh sau minh ha mng cng nghip Ethernet (Industrial Ethernet Network) :

Industrial Ethernet Network

Module Ethernet CP243-1 l mt x l giao tip dnh cho h S7-200, chophp S7-200 PLC lin kt vi mng cng nghip Ethernet.

3.2 CA S LM VIC CA S7-200 PC ACCESS :S7-200 PC Access bao gm OPC Server v cc phn t Client, S7-200 PC

Access a ra nhiu phng thc truy cp v hin th nhng thng tin. Hnh sauminh ha cc thnh phn trong ca s ca S7-200 PC Access :



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S TRANG 48

Cc i tng nm trong OPC Server ca cc project c sp xp theo mtcu trc cy (phn cp). Cu trc cy hin th trong ca s project th ging vitrong ca s explore. Ch c nhng icon trong i tng l khc.Cc i tng nm trong OPC Client (Test Client) c sp xp theo mt danhsch.

3.2.1 tree view:Nm khu vc pha trn bn tri ca ca s,cung cp tng quan cu trc cy

phn cp ca PLC v Folder hin c n to ra cc Item (data point) OPC Client

nm trong mng lm vic S7-200 c th truy cp c tree view bao gm:

Microwin bao gm thng tin access pointicon. Access point tng trng cho kiu ktni hay la network cho PC access giao tipvi S7-200 PLC

PLC1: PLC kt ni ti PC access thng quanetwork vi mt nghi thc giao tip xc nh.



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S TRANG 49

Folder: server cho php cc Itern folderc a vo project. Itermfolder cho php thc hin vic t chc d liu OPC vo thnh mtnhm hp l ph hp vi chng trnh.S dng cc Itern folder

to nhiu Iterm trn cng mt PLC, iu ny rt hu ch khi mt PLCring liu khin mt s lng cc b phn my mc ging nhau.Da trn chun OPL Client, vic s dng cc icon folder cho php tchc d liu OPC thnh mt danh sch Item nh hn. T danh schny c th tm kim mt Item Server d dng hn khi duyt quaserver.

3.2.2 Item view:Nm bn phi pha trn ca s, item c to ra v c lit k thnhbng. ca s ny hin th s phn cp cc folder v item, cc folder v item ny

quan h vi cu trc cy ang c chn nm pha bn tri. nhng folder c thc chn bn trong item view, iu ny dn n s la chn hin ti trong treeview b thay i.

Name: tn c th di ti a 32 k t. tn c th l cc k t ch s, kt gch di v nm trong bng ASCII 128. K tu tin phi lch ci v ch l k t mrng, khng phi l t kho.. tn Utem nay

phi l duy nht trong cng Folder Item ID: l tn ca mt Item tn ny phi l duy nht, bao gm ng

dn (im truy cp Server, PLC, folder, tn Item ) truy cp Item. Run-time name : nu mt item cn s dng nhng khng tn ti trong

server th khi , Client s s dng cu trc Run-Time Name to ramt Item Run-Time Name l chui bao gm thng tin di dngc trng ca mt Server. Khi Server s dng thng tin ny cda ch ca thit b.

C php : Tag [NET Adress] [,][Adress,][,][Type,]

V d : VB0, BYTE, RW



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S TRANG 50

Nhn ny s c ia ch VB0 s dng access point mc nh lMicrosystems, s dng PPI(point to point interface) a ch l 2 nhn ny nhnnay sc d liu di dng byte v truy cp Read/write

Address :kiu vng nhca PLC v a ch ca vng nh Data type: kiu d liu phi ng qui tc(canonical data type)tng

ng trong phm vi PLC EU low:Engineer Unite low, l tm gi tr thp ca Item. EU hight: Engineer Unite high, l tm gi tr cao ca Item. ACCESS l s truy cp di nhng hnh thc c(read only ) ch cho php c cc Item khong lm thay i d

liu cc Item .

c vit (read/write): y l s truy cp y . Cho php c vthay i d liu cc Item.

3.2.3 Test Client view:Nm phn thp nht ca ca s v cbn l mt OPCClient. Client lm

vic vi s7-200 PC Access OPC server cho php vic kt ni trc tuyn t c thkim tra cu hnh cc Item. c th s dung cc Item th ta phi ko v th nhngitem ny t item view. Test Client cng cung cp mt cng c kim tra nhanh

chng v d dng kt ni vi server item. itemID, data type, format,value timestampe v quality c thc quan st trong test client. S quan st ny c lpvi 2 s quan st trn. Bt k item dich chuyn trong phm vi Status(test Client)sc a vo OPC Group v sc yu cu thu tp mt khi status c cho

php. Status c thc cho php hay khng cho php bi mt bottomn nm trntoolbar hay l t manu status. Cc phn t nm trong status (test Client) c nhnghnh sau :

Item ID : l tn ca Item, tn ny phi l duy nht bao gm ng dnitem (im truy cp server PLC, folder, tn item) c th truy cpItem

Data type : kiu d liu ng quy tc(canonical data type)tng ngtrong phm vi PLC, khi nh ngha cu hnh item

Value : gi tr ca item c truy cp(c th l gi tri thp phn). Time stamp: thi gian ca s cp nht ln sau cng thnh cng . Quality: cht lng ca item c truy cp : good, bad, uncertain. Cc

thng tin nm trong status(test Client) view s khng gi li khithot khi chng trnh PC Access.



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S TRANG 51

3.3 Sgiao tip Server v Client trong S7-200 PC Access:S7-200 PC Access c h tr data access Automation 2.02 v do

automation Client c th s dng S7-200 PC Access giao tip vi cc ngun dliu (Simatic S7-200)

Server v Client giao tip vi nhau da trn cng ngh COM, DCOM camicrosoft.Client khng truy cp Server trc tip nhng n s dng th vin COM.

bng cch xc dnh prog ID, OPC Client c thnh a ch tt c Server m n yucu. khi cc i tng OPC server c to ra(bao gm access point(s),PLC(s),Item(s) th chng s nh a ch mt ng dn phn cp. khi OPCClient s s dng ng dn phn cp OPC Server ny nh ngha cc item ca

n, cc item ny nm trong group kt ni ti mt server ring bit.

S phn cp cc i tng

C hai cch to ra Item: Khi cu hnh item c to ra trong S7-200 PC Access ten item(item

name)v ng dn phn cp(bao gm access point, plc, folder(s) item name) sto nn item ID, item ID l biu tng duy nht c trng cho mt item Trong cu hnh item, Run Time Name cng c to ra dng cu trc c

xc nh OPC server xc nh tt c cc thuc tnh yu cu cn thit thu thpcho item. nu item ko tn ti trong S7-200 PC Access server phc v cho vics dng thi Client s su dng cu trc Run Time name to ra mt item mi.

3.4 VNG NHV KIU DLIU CA ITEM:Mt Item bao gm mt ci tn c trng v c mt kiu d liu xc nh.

Gi tr ca item se thay i khi chng trnh PLC c thc thi. mi item c mt



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a ch vng nhxc nh trn PLC. Khi vic truy cp (c vit) t giao diniu khin v t PLC thng qua a ch vng nhny.

Cu hnh Item c xc nh bi vng nh (Memory types), vng nh

SYMATIC (SYMATIC memoric) v vng nhDP (DP memoric)

DP memorics sc phn tch chuyn i sang kiu tng ng vi S7-200.S7-200 PC Access s nhn bit c cc kiu d liu ca item(nhng khng philc no cng c sn trn cc PLC) bao gm : BYTE, INT, WORD, DINT,DWORD, REAL, BOOL, TRING.

3.5 SGIAO TIP GIA AUTOMATION CLIENT VIS7-200 PC ACCESS:

3.5.1 Excel client:S7-200 PC access a Visualbasic For Application (VBA) vo trong Microsotf

Excel cho php Microsoft Excel c th thu thp d liu t OPC Server. VAB lmvic thng qua An OPC Automation Wrapper Excel c th truy cp n cc

bng cch cung cp mt cng thc xc nh. c th kt ni Excel vi S7-200 PC Access, phi aOPCS7-200ExcelAddin.xla ca S7-200 PC Access vo Excel. Lc ny trongca s ca Microsoft Excel xut hin bn Button :

Formula - Wizard : cho php duyt v la chn Item mun c csn trong PC Access.

Write Wizard : cho php duyt v la chn Item mun vit gi trmi vo. Cc Item c sn trong PC Access.

Start : bt u giao tip vi S7-200 PC Access. Stop : kt thc giao tip vi S7-200 PC Access.

Thng qua bn button ny Excel c th truy cp c d liu trong PC Access tc th vc th ca d liu v c th lu tr d liu.



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3.5.2 Visual Basic Client:S7-200 PC Access c h tr OPC Data access automation 2.02 (Siemens

Daautomation2.02) trong c file SopeDAAuto.dll PC Access c th lin ktvi Visual Basic. V vy Visual Basic chnh l mt Automation Client S7200 PCAccess l mt OPC server. Khi Visual Basic c th truy cp d liu n thit bthng qua S7-200 PC Access Server.

Visual Basic Client kt ni vi S7-200 PC Acccess Server th phi gi method: AnOPC Server

to ra group v Item th gi method: My group.add(AnGroup Name

AnOPCItemCollection .Additems (AddItemCount, AnOPCItemIDs,ClientHandles, AnOPCItemServerHandles, AnOPCItemServerError,

AnOPCRequestedDataType, AnOPCAccessPaths).

Lc ny Automation Visual Basic Client c th tin hnh truy cp d liu t S7-200PC Access server.

c thc cc Value, Quality, Time Stamp ca cc Item th s dng method : OneGroup.SyncRead (Source, NumItems, ServerHandles, Values,

Errors, Qualities, Time Stamps).

OneGroup.AsyncRead (NumItems, ServerHandles, Errors,

ClientTransactionID, ServerTransactionID)

c th vit cc Value n cc Item th s dng method: OneGroup.SyncWrite (NumItems, ServerHandles, Values, Errors)

OneGroup.AsyncWrite (NumItems, ServerHandles, Errors,

ClientTransactionID, ServerTransactionID)

gb cc group hay Item th phi dng method: MyGroups.Remove (AnOPCGroupName)

MyGroups.RemoveAll

AnOPCClientCollection.Remove (AnOPCItemServerHandles,

AnOPCClientServerErrors)

ct kt ni Automation Visual Basic Client vi S7-200 PC Access (OPC Server)th s dng method :

AnOPCService.DisconnectCc phng php trn c m t chi tit trong phn Data AccessAutomation Standard.



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Kt lun: thng qua phn mm S7-200 PC Access, cc Automation Clientc th truy cp n PLC Simatic mt cch n gin v nhanh chng thng qua cc

phng php.

Trn PLC-S7-200, ta khng phi dng cc lnh nhn hay truyn d liu ca PLC.3.6 Cc bc to Tag trn PC- Access

Bc 1: MPC-Access ln, mn hnh s hin th nh sau:

Sau click phi vo Microwin (COM1) chn New PLC.



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Mn hnhs hin th ca s PLC Properties

i tn v nhn ok.Bc 2: To tag trong PC-AccessTrong ca s Item view, nhp chut phi chn New Item



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Lc ny ca s Item Properties xut hin, ta i tn Tag v i vng nhca tag

t tn tag l START, a ch I0.0, kiu d liu l Bool

to thm tag ta lm theo tng t cc bc 2 trn.



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Trong ti ny cc tag c to nh hnh

Bc 3: Add tag t PC-Access sang WinCCMWinCC ln. Nhp chut phi v Tag Management chn Add new Drive



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Sau hin ca s Add new drive, ta chon OPC.chn

nhp phi vo OPC Group system Parameter



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Chn S7200 OPC.Server xong ri nhn nt Browse Server

ca s S7 200.OPCServer xut hinChn nh hnh v xong click voAdd Items

Vy l ta lm xong phn Add tag t PC-Access sang WinCC ri.



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CHNG 4:

TM HIU PHN MM WINCC4.1. Gii thiu v WinCC:4.1.1 Control Center trong h thng WinCC:- Control Centerc trng cho lp cao nht trong h thng Win CC. Tt c cc

moduls ca ton b h thng WinCC u c bt u ty.- Ni dung ca Control Center gm c:

+ Chc nng+ Cu trc+ Cc editor chun

- WinCC l giao din gia ngi v my mc trong thit k tng :+ WinCC l h thng trung tm v cng ngh v k thut c dng iu

hnh cc nhim v ca mn hnh hin th v h thng iu khin trong tng hasn xut v qu trnh. H thng ny cung cp cc modul chc nng thch ng trongcng nghip v: hin th hnh nh, thng ip, lu tr v bo co. Giao din iukhin mnh, vic truy cp hnh nh nhanh chng, v chc nng lu tr an ton can m bo tnh hu dng cao.

+ Ngoi cc chc nng h thng, WinCC cn m ra cc giao din cho cc

gii php ca ngi s dng, nhng giao din ny khin chng c th tch hpWinCC vo cc gii php tng ha phc tp v ton cng ty. Vic x l d liulu trc tch hp bng cc giao din chun ODBC v SQL. Vic thm vo cci tng v cc ti liu cng c tch hp bng OLE2.0 v OLE Custom Controls(OCX). Cc c ch ny lm cho WinCC tr thnh mt b phn am hiu v dtruyn ti trong mi trng Windows.

+ WinCC da vo hiu hnh 32 bit MS-Windows 95 hay MS-WindowsNT. C hai u c kh nng v thc hin a nhim v, m bo phn ng nhanh

chng vi vic x l ngt v an ton chng li s mt d liu bn trong mc cao. Windows NT cn cung cp cc chc nng to ra s an ton v phc v nhmt nn tng cho hot ng ca cc servers trong h thng WinCC nhiu ngi sdng. Chnh phn mm WinCC cng l ng dng 32 bit c pht trin vi cngngh phn mm hng i tng v hin i nht.



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4.1.2. Ni dung ca Control Center:- Chc nng:

+ Control Center cha tt c cc chc nng qun l cho ton h thng

WinCC. Trong Control Center, ta c tht cu hnh v khi ng module run-time.

- Nhim v ca qun l dliu:+ Qun l d liu cung cp nh qu trnh vi cc gi tr ca tag. Tt c cc

hot ng ca qun l d liu u chy trn mt background (nn).- Nhim v ca Control Center:

+ Cc nhim v chnh ca Control Center:o. Lp cu hnh hon chnh.o. H

ng d

n gi

i thi

u vi

c l

p c

u hnh.

o. Thch ng vic n nh, gi, v lu tr cc projects.o. Qun l cc projects.o. C kh nng ni mng cc chc nng son tho cho nhiu ngi s

dng trong mt project.o. Qun l phin bn.o. Din t bng th ca d liu cu hnh.o. iu khin v t cu hnh cho cc hnh v/ cu trc h thng.o. Thit lp vic ci t ton cc.o. t cu hnh cho cc chc nng nh vc bit.o. To v son tho cc tham kho an cho.o. Phn hi ti liu.o. Bo co trng thi h thng.o. Thit lp h thng ch.o. Chuyn gia run-timer v cu hnh.o. Kim tra ch/ m phng/ trgip thao tc t cu hnh d liu,

bao gm dch hnh v, m phng tag, hin th trng thi, v to thng ip.

- Cu trc:+ Control Center c cc cu trc nh sau:+ Control Center

o. Tm hiu WinCC trong Control Center.o. Giao din ha cho cu hnh di mi trng Windows 95 v

Windows NT.

o. Qun l d liu.



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o. Cung cp nh qu trnh vi cc gi tr ca tag.o. Truyn d liu m qun l d liu nhn t cc h thng tng.

+ Cc module chc nng:

o. H thng ha (Graphic Designer)Hin th v kt ni qu trnh bng th.

o.Vit chng trnh cho cc thao tc (Global Scrips)To mt d n ng cho cc yu cu c bit.

o. H thng thng bo (Alarm Logging)Xut cc thng bo v hi p.

o. Lu tr v son tho cc gi tro lng (Tag Logging)Son tho cc gi tro lng v lu gi chng trong thi gian di.

So

n th

o d

liu h

ng ng

i s

dng v l

u gi

chng trong th

i

gian di.

o. H thng bo co (Report Designer)Bo co trng thi h thng.

- Phn hi ti liu:+ i vi Control Center, vic in ra mt h thng nh sn c trong Report

Designer phn hi ti liu. Tt c cc my tnh , tags, v cc kt ni c nhhnh u c in ra bng print job hay hin th trn mn hnh.

+ Cc kiu dliu dn c xut ra bng cch phn hi ti liu:

o. My tnh: tn v kiu my tnh (Server hay Client).o. Tag management: tn tag, kiu d liu, kt ni , knh.o. Kt ni: kt ni, n v v tham s.

4.1.3 Son tho:- Editor dng son tho v iu khin mt project hon chnh. Cc b son tho

trong Control Center:

Chng trnh son tho Gii thch

Alarm Logging

(Bo ng)

Nhn cc thng bo t cc qu trnh chun b, hin th, hi p, v lu trcc thng bo ny.

User Administrator

(Qun l ngi dng)Vic iu khin truy nhp s cho phpcho cc nhm v ngi s dng.

Text Library

(Th vin vn bn)Cha cc vn bn tu thuc ngn ngdo ta to ra.

Report Designer (Bo co) Cung cp h thng bo co c tch



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hp m ta c th s dng bo cod liu, cc gi tr qu trnh hin hnhv lu tr, cc thng bo hin hnh

v lu tr, h thng ti liu cachnh ngi s dng.

Global Scripts

(Vit chng trnh)

Cho php ta to cc d n ng tythuc vo tng yu cu c bit. Bson tho ny cho php ta to cc hmC v cc thao tc c thc s dngtrong mt hay nhiu projects ty theokiu ca chng.

Tag Logging X l cc gi tro lng v lu trchng trong thi gian di.Graphics Designer

(Thit k ha)Cung cp cc mn hnh hin th v ktni n cc qu trnh.

4.1.4. Cc bc to mt Project trong WinCC:- Khi ng WinCC.- To mt Project mi- Ci t Driver kt ni PLC- nh ngha cc Tag s dng- To mt giao din ngi dng- Ci t thng s cho WinCC Runtime- Chy chng trnh (Activate)- C th dng chng trnh WinCC Variable Simulator m phng hot ng

ca cc Tag.4.1.5. Trnh tto mt Project:- Khi ng WinCC:

+ Nhn nt Start -> Simatic -> WinCC -> Windows Control Center



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- To mt Project:+ Chn Single_User Project:

+ G tn Project vo project name:



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+ Mn hnh WinCCExplorer xut hin:

- Ci t Driver kt ni vi PLC:+ Nhp chut phi vo Tag Management -> Chn Add New Driver:



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- To Tag cho chng trnh:V trong ti c s dng PC-Access nn vic to Tag c trnh by trong phnto Tag trong PC-Access. Ta ch cn Add tt c cc Tag t PC-Access qua WinCC

l xong.- To mt Graphic mi

Nhp chut phi Graphic DesignNew picturesau chn Rename i tn

+ Mn hnh son tho ca Graphics Designer:



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Chn Standardko v th Button ra mn hnh thit k

+ Nhp tn cn s dng TEXT, ci t cho nt nhn, nhn OKs kt thcthit lp.



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+ Ta to c nt nhn START:

+ Thc hin kt ni TAG: Double Click vo nt START, chn Events, clickvo Mouse, chn nh hnh v



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+ Xut hin hp thoi Edit Action: Nhp chn ng dn Internal Function Tag Set ri Double Click vo Set TagBit.



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+ Xut hin hp thoi Assigning Parameters:

Double click vo Tag_NameChn Tag selection, sau chn tag mun ci t

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