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OB-Module 5

Team Building

Dr. Ram

HODMBA (BU), DSCMIT

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Team Building

Learning ObjectivesTeam building & group dynamics

Working Teams & Team EffectivenessIntra Team Dynamics

Influence of the team on Individual group

decision making

Inter group relations collaboration

Conflict management and management change

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Group Behaviour

Group: Two or more individuals interacting andinterdependent, who have come together toachieve particular objectives

Formal Group: A designated work group definedby the organizations structure.

Informal Group: A group that is neither formallystructured nor organizationally determined;appears in response to the need for socialcontact.

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Group Behaviour

Groups

Formal Group Informal Group

1. Command Group

2. Task Group

1. Interest Group

2. Friendship Group

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Group Behaviour

Command Group: Group composed of theindividuals who report directly to a given manager

Task Group: Those working together to complete ajob task

Interest Group: Those working together to attain aspecific objective with which each is concerned

Friendship Group: Those brought togetherbecause they share one or more commoncharacteristics

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Group Development

Five stage group development modelGroups go through five distinct stages

1. Forming

2. Storming

3. Norming

4. Performing

5. Adjourning

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Group Development

1. Forming Stage This is the first stage in group development

characterized by much uncertainty

Uncertain about

1. Group purpose

2. Structure

3. Leadership

This can also be referred as testing the watersstage

At the end of this stage the members begin to

think as part of the group

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Group Development

2. Storming stageCharacterised by intra group conflict

Accept the existence of group

Who to control the group conflict

Finally clarity on hierarchy of leadership

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Group Development

3. Norming Characterised by close relationship and

cohesiveness

Strong sense of group identity

Solidification of group structure

common set of expectations

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Group Development

4. Performing stageThe group is fully functional

Knowing each other

Understanding each otherPerforming the task at hand

It is the last stage for permanent work group

For temporary committee, task force teams whohave limited task have another stage

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Group Development

5. Adjourning stage Concern with wrapping up activities

rather than task performance

Disbandment

Top prioritynot performance

Wrapping up activity

Some up beatsome depressed

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Group Structure

It shapes the behaviour of members and thegroup

Structural variables

1. Formal Leadership

A set of expected behaviour pattern attributed tosome one occupying a given position in a socialunit

2. Roles

Role requirementsRole identity, Roleperception, Role expectation & psychologicalconduct and Role conflict

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Role Relationships

Expected

Role

Perceived

Role

Enacted

Role

Role AmbiguityRole Conflict

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Group demography

The degree to which members of a groupshare a common demographic attributes such

as age, sex, race, educational level or length

of service in the organisation and the impact

of this attribute on turnover

Cohesiveness

The degree to which group members are

attracted to each other and are motivated to

stay in the group

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Cohesiveness

Interaction

Threat

Severity of initiation

Co-operation

Shared Goals

Attitudes & Values

Size

Group

Cohesiveness

Positive

Increased Morale

Higher Productivity

Better Communication

Conformity & Influence

Negative

Group Think

Lower productivity

when performance

norms are low

CausesConsequences

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Group decision making

The techniques of group decision making

helps reduce some of the dysfunctional

aspects of group decision making.

Interacting Group: Typical groups, in which

members interact with each other face-to-face.

Brainstorming : An idea generation process that

specifically encourages any and all alternatives,

while withholding any criticism of thosealternatives.

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Group decision making

Nominal group technique: A group decision

making method in which individual members

meet face-to-face to pool their judgments in a

systematic but independent fashion.Electronic meeting: A meeting in which

members interact on computers, allowing for

anonymity of comments and aggregation of

votes

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Work team

Work groupA group that interactsprimarily to share information and to

make decisions to help each group

member perform within his area ofresponsibility.

Work team - A group whose individual

efforts result is a performance that is

greater than the sum of the individual

inputs

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Work team

Work groups

Share Information

Neutral (Sometimesve)

Individual

Random and varied

Collective performance

Positive

Individual & mutual

Complementary

Goal

Synergy

Accountability

Skills

Work teams

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Types of Teams

1. Problem solving teams : Groups of 512employees from the same department who

meet for a few hours each week to discuss

ways of improving quality, efficiency & the

work environment

2. Self managed work teams : Groups of 10

15 people who take on responsibilities of

their former supervisors

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Types of Teams

3. Cross functional teams : Employees fromabout the same hierarchical level, but

from different work areas who come

together to accomplish a task.4. Virtual teams : Teams that use computer

technology to tie together physically

dispersed members in order to achieve acommon goal.

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Key Roles of Teams

Team

Adviser

Linker

Creator

Promoter

Assessor

Organizer

Producer

Controller

Monitor

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Conflict management

A process that begins when one party perceivesthat another party has negatively affected or is

about to negatively affected some thing that the

first party cares about.

( Conflict-Serious disagreement or argument)

TraditionalConflict to be avoided

HRConflict is normal to live with itIntegrationist viewConflict is a positive force

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Levels of conflicts

Functional Conflict - Supports

Dysfunctional conflict - Hinders

Task conflicttask content & goals ofwork

Relationship conflict - Interpersonal

Process conflicthow works gets done

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Conflict Process

1. Potential Opposition / Incompatibility2. Cognition & Personalization

3. Intention

4. Behaviour

5. Outcome

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Conflict handling

Competing

Collaborating

Avoiding Accommodating

Compromising

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Shaping team players

Selection

Training

Rewards

( Beware! Teams are not always the answer)

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