二、綜合測驗（ 佔1 5 分）

105

大學入學考試中心

105學年度學科能力測驗

英文考科

試題詳解與分析>>>>

學測奪高分，課本用三民！

詞彙

(每課精心編寫高中學生必備單字、衍生字以及詞類變化，並提供情境完整的例句，力求學生能熟悉該單字的正確用法，單字學習超紮實！

(詞彙得高分單元──Word File

•統整字根、字首、字尾的造字概念，幫助學生加強拆解字彙的能力、累積單字量。

•針對該課主題補充主題性單字，讓學生能學到更多英文用法，提升自我英文能力！

閱讀測驗

(在每課課文右上角的Reading Task單元教學生怎麼讀懂課文，怎麼抓文章重點。小小方格蘊藏閱讀文章的大智慧。

•讓學生邊讀邊找文章主旨，實際練習skimming、scanning等閱讀技巧，再長篇的文章也能快速掌握重點。

•提示學生該篇文章重點所在，一冊十二課，等於進行十二篇深度閱讀訓練。

(課文後規劃Reading Map單元，幫助學生釐清文章脈絡，快速掌握課文大意。

(Comprehension Check大題針對Reading Task的提示以及課文內容來設計選擇題，並融入大考常見閱讀測驗題型，如主旨題(main idea)、推論題(inference)、細節題(detail)等，讓學生越早練習，越早上手！

(課文主題豐富多元，帶領學生探索不同專業領域，輕鬆面對大考閱測文章。

翻譯與寫作

(一到六冊系統化的Writing Hands-on單元詳細介紹各種文體寫作，論說文、記敘文與應用文皆涵括編列，輔以練習題提供學生活用的機會。有了寫作單元的加持，翻譯與英文作文皆能輕鬆得分！

第壹部分： 單選題(占72分)

一、詞彙(占15分)

說明︰第1題至第15題，每題有4個選項，其中只有一個是正確或最適當的選項，請畫記在答案卡之「選擇題答案區」。各題答對者，得1分；答錯、未作答或畫記多於一個選項者，該題以零分計算。

1. Posters of the local rock band were displayed in store windows to promote the sale of their _____ tickets.

(A) journey(B) traffic (C) concert (D) record

本地搖滾樂團的海報張貼在商店櫥窗上，以宣傳他們的演唱會門票。

(A)旅程 (B)交通 (C)演唱會 (D)唱片

【解析】( 由文意搖滾樂團的海報被張貼在商店櫥窗，可知是要宣傳以促進 演唱會門票的銷售，故選(C)。

( 由主詞posters of the local rock band可猜出答案在相關字concert與record，但因為空格後為tickets，故可知只能選(C) concert。

2. Maria didn’t want to deliver the bad news to David about his failing the job interview. She herself was quite _____ about it.

(A) awful (B) drowsy (C) tragic (D) upset

Maria不想告訴David他工作面試失敗的壞消息。這件事讓她覺得心煩。

(A)糟糕的 (B)昏昏欲睡的 (C)悲慘的 (D)心煩的

【解析】( 可由文意知道Maria不想告訴David他工作面試失敗的消息，但是她自己卻非常憂心忡忡，可知答案應選(D) upset。

( 也可由空格後的介系詞about推知應搭配upset。be upset about 因…感到心煩。

3. The newcomer speaks with a strong Irish _____; he must be from Ireland.

(A) accent (B) identity (C) gratitude (D) signature

這個新來的人說話帶有濃重的愛爾蘭口音，他一定是從愛爾蘭來的。

(A)口音 (B)身分 (C)感激 (D)簽名

【解析】( 由後句猜測新來的人一定來自愛爾蘭，可回推他說話有濃重的愛爾蘭口音，所以本題選(A) accent。

( 也可由常用搭配speak with a … accent選出答案。

4. Although Maggie has been physically _____ to her wheelchair since the car accident, she does not limit herself to indoor activities.

(A) ceased (B) committed (C) confined (D) conveyed

雖然Maggie自從車禍後身體就離不開輪椅，但她不限制自己從事室內活動。

(A)中止 (B)犯(罪) (C)使離不開 (D)傳達

【解析】( 由從屬連接詞Although引導讓步子句可知前後二句意思相反。後句表示Maggie不讓自己受限於室內活動，可回推前句表示她因為車禍而只能坐輪椅，答案選(C) confined。

( 也可由常用搭配be confined to a wheelchair選出答案。

【補充】( be confined to bed 臥床

◊ Tim was confined to bed with the flu.

( limit oneself to sth 限制某人某事

◊ The pregnant woman limits herself to one cup of coffee a day.

5. All passengers riding in cars are required to fasten their seatbelts in order to reduce the risk of _____ in case of an accident.

(A) injury (B) offense (C) sacrifice (D) victim

車上所有的乘客都被要求繫上安全帶，為了車禍發生時能降低受傷的風險。

(A)受傷 (B)冒犯 (C)犧牲 (D)受害者

【解析】由文意所有搭車的乘客都必須繫上安全帶，可知是要減少車禍受傷的 風險，故選(A) injury。

【補充】reduce the risk of 減少…的風險

in case of sth 假如…，如果…

6. The principal of this school is a man of exceptional _____. He sets aside a part of his salary for a scholarship fund for children from needy families.

(A) security (B) maturity (C) facility (D) generosity

這所學校的校長是個非常慷慨的人。他省下他的部分薪水來成立獎學金，提供給貧困家庭的孩子。

(A)安全 (B)成熟 (C)設備 (D)慷慨

【解析】( of + N = adj.

a man of generosity = a generous man

a man of responsibility = a responsible man

a lady of patience = a patient lady

( set aside 儲存，省下

7. The science teacher always _____ the use of the laboratory equipment before she lets her students use it on their own.

(A) tolerates (B) associates (C) demonstrates (D) exaggerates

在讓學生自行操作之前，理化老師總會先示範實驗器材的使用。

(A)容忍 (B)關聯 (C)示範 (D)誇大

【解析】由文意知道理化老師讓學生自行使用實驗器材時總會先示範，故選(C) demonstrates。

8. Most of the area is covered by woods, where bird species are so _____ that it is a paradise for birdwatchers.

(A) durable (B) private (C) realistic (D) numerous

樹林覆蓋著這個地域的大片土地，有許多鳥類棲息於此而成為賞鳥客的天堂。

(A)耐用的 (B)私人的 (C)實際的 (D)許多的

【解析】由so…that可知空格前後文有因果關係，that子句指出這地域是賞鳥客的天堂，可回推此區必定有多種鳥類可觀賞，故選(D) numerous。

9. In most cases, the committee members can reach agreement quickly. _____, however, they differ greatly in opinion and have a hard time making decisions.

(A) Occasionally (B) Automatically (C) Enormously (D) Innocently

大多時候，委員會的成員們都能很快就達成共識。然而，他們偶爾也會意見相當分歧，難以做出決策。

(A)偶爾 (B)自動地 (C)非常 (D)無辜地

【解析】由轉折語however可知前後文意相反。第一句表示在大部分情形下，委員們都能很快達成共識，推知第二句應表示偶爾也會意見分歧，故答案為(A) Occasionally。

10. Many people try to save a lot of money before _____, since having enough money would give them a sense of security for their future.

(A) isolation (B) promotion (C) retirement (D) announcement

許多人試著在退休前存下許多錢，因為擁有足夠的金錢能讓他們對未來有安全感。

(A)隔離 (B)晉升 (C)退休 (D)宣布

【解析】since引導的子句表示原因，指出因為有足夠的錢可讓他們對未來有安全感，回推前句應指許多人在退休前會先盡可能存許多錢，故選(C) retirement。

【補充】a sense of security/responsibility/direction 安全感/責任感/方向感

11. In winter, our skin tends to become dry and _____, a problem which is usually treated by applying lotions or creams.

(A) alert (B) itchy (C) steady (D) flexible

冬天時，我們的肌膚容易變得乾癢，通常可以透過塗抹乳液或乳霜來解決這個問題。

(A)警醒的 (B)癢的 (C)穩定的 (D)彈性的

【解析】在本句中，a problem是前句的同位語，故前後句意思相等。根據文意， 後句指出這問題可由擦乳液或乳霜解決，推知前句應是說我們的皮膚在冬季變得乾癢，答案為(B) itchy。

12. Benson married Julie soon after he had _____ her heart and gained her parents’ approval.

(A) conquered (B) estimated (C) guaranteed (D) intensified

Benson在征服Julie的心並獲得她父母的同意後，兩人旋即結婚。

(A)征服 (B)估計 (C)保證 (D)加強

【解析】由句意得知，在Benson征服Julie的心並獲得她父母的同意後，他們就結婚了，故選(A) conquer。

【補充】win one’s heart 贏得某人的心

13. The recent flood completely _____ my parents’ farm. The farmhouse and fruit trees were all gone and nothing was left.

(A) ruined (B) cracked (C) hastened (D) neglected

近來的大水完全摧毀了我父母的農場。農舍和果樹都消失了，什麼也不剩。

(A)摧毀 (B)斷裂 (C)繫牢 (D)忽略

【解析】由第二句文意農舍與果樹都不見，空無一物，回推第一句應是指父母的農場完全被摧毀，所以答案選(A) ruined。

14. The results of this survey are not reliable because the people it questioned were not a typical or _____ sample of the entire population that was studied.

(A) primitive (B) spiritual (C) representative (D) informative

這份調查的結果不可信，因為被訪問的人們既非屬典型，也非研究整體中具代表性的樣本。

(A)原始的 (B)精神的 (C)具代表性的 (D)提供資訊的

【解析】( 由文意推知，這份調查的結果不可信，因為受訪者並非研究鎖定族群中的典型或代表對象，故選(C) representative。

( or連接的字詞常具有同質性，也可由此線索找出與typical相近意思的representative。

15. In line with the worldwide green movement, carmakers have been working hard to make their new models more _____ friendly to reduce pollution.

(A) liberally (B) individually (C) financially (D) environmentally

跟隨世界的綠色運動，汽車製造商致力於使他們的新車型更環保以減少汙染。

(A)自由地 (B)單獨地 (C)財務上地 (D)環境地

【解析】由green movement與句末的reduce pollution，推知車商要讓新車型夠環保，故答案為(D) environmentally。

【補充】-friendly 對…友善的，適合…用的

environmentally friendly/eco-friendly 環保的

user-friendly 簡單易懂的，容易使用的

二、綜合測驗(占15分)

說明︰第16題至第30題，每題一個空格，請依文意選出最適當的一個選項，請畫記在答案卡之「選擇題答案區」。各題答對者，得1分；答錯、未作答或畫記多於一個選項者，該題以零分計算。

第16至20題為題組

Bill and Sam decided to kidnap the son of a banker to compensate for their business loss. They kidnapped the boy and hid him in a cave. They asked for a ransom of $2,000 to return the boy. 16 , their plan quickly got out of control. Their young captive 17 to be a mischievous boy. He viewed the kidnapping as a wonderful camping trip. He demanded that his kidnappers play tiring games with him, such as riding Bill as a horse for nine miles. Bill and Sam were soon desperate and decided to

18 the little terror. They lowered the price to $1,500. Yet, knowing perfectly well

19 a troublemaker his son was, the father refused to give them any money.

20 , he asked the kidnappers to pay him $250 to take the boy back. To persuade the boy to return home, Bill and Sam had to tell him that his father was taking him bear-hunting. The kidnappers finally handed over the boy and $250 to the banker and fled town as quickly as they could.

Bill和Sam決定綁架一位銀行家的兒子以彌補他們的生意損失。他們綁架了男孩並將他藏在一個洞穴裡。他們要求2000美元的贖金來釋放男孩。16.然而，他們的計畫很快就失控了。他們那位幼小的肉票17.結果卻是個頑皮鬼。他將這起綁架視為一趟美好的露營旅遊。他要求綁匪們陪他玩累人的遊戲，像是把Bill當成馬騎，騎了九英里。Bill和Sam很快就絕望了，並決定18.擺脫這小麻煩。他們把贖金金額調降至1500美元。可是，男孩的父親很清楚地知道他兒子是19.多麼麻煩的一位調皮鬼，所以拒絕給他們任何一毛錢。20.反而，他要求綁匪們付給他250美元才肯把那男孩接回。為了說服男孩回家，Bill和Sam告訴他他的爸爸要帶他去獵熊。綁匪們最後把男孩交出去並付了250美元給了銀行家，然後盡他們所能逃離鎮上。

16. (A) However(B) Otherwise(C) Furthermore(D) Accordingly

(A)然而 (B)否則 (C)此外

(D)因此

【解析】本題測驗轉折語。本格前句表示綁匪要求2000美元的贖金，後句卻說他們的計畫很快就失控了，可知二句文意相反，故選表示轉折語氣的(A) However。

17. (A) made believe(B) got along(C) turned out(D) felt like

(A)假裝 (B)和睦相處 (C)結果是

(D)想要

【解析】(本題測驗片語意思。前面文句指出綁匪的計畫失控，本句應接續說明情形，他們的小肉票結果卻是個頑皮鬼，故選(C) turned out。

(本題也可由空格後的to be判斷出答案，只有turn out能接to be

【補充】make believe + that-clause

get along + with sb

feel like + V-ing

18. (A) hold on to(B) get rid of(C) make fun of(D) take advantage of

(A)抓住(B)擺脫(C)嘲弄(D)利用

【解析】由上下文意得知，小男孩太頑皮，要求綁匪做牛做馬，綁匪想放棄此次綁架以擺脫這小麻煩，故選(B) get rid of。

19. (A) how(B) that(C) why(D) what

(A)如何(B)(引導名詞子句) (C)為什麼 (D)多麼

【解析】本題考感嘆句what + a N + S+ V的用法。由句型可知應選(D) what。

20. (A) Namely(B) Altogether(C) Simply(D) Instead

(A)也就是 (B)總之 (C)簡單地 (D)反而

【解析】本題測驗轉折語。前句指出銀行家知道自己的小孩有多頑皮，拒絕給付贖金，反而還要求綁匪付錢才要把小孩帶回，因此選(D) Instead。

第21至25題為題組

A polygraph machine, also known as a “lie detector,” is a common part of criminal investigations. The instrument is used to measure 21 a person’s body reacts to questions. The theory underlying it is that lying is stressful, and that this stress can be measured and recorded on a polygraph machine. When a person takes a polygraph test, four to six wires, called sensors, are 22 to different parts of his body. The sensors pick up signals from the person’s blood pressure, pulse, and perspiration. 23 the process of questioning, all the signals are recorded on a single strip of moving paper. Once the questions are finished, the examiner analyzes the results to determine if the person tested 24 truthful. Well-trained examiners can usually detect lying with a high degree of 25 when they use a polygraph. However, because different people behave differently when lying, a polygraph test is by no means perfect.

測謊機，也被稱為「謊言探測器」，是犯罪調查中常見的一部分。這個儀器被用來測量一個人的身體對問題21.如何做反應。構成其中基礎的理論在於說謊是充滿壓力的，而這種壓力可以在測謊機上被測量和記錄。當一個人進行測謊時，四至六條作為感應器的電線會22.繫在他身體的不同部位上。這些感應器會從該受測者的血壓、脈搏以及出汗程度來獲取訊號。詢問的過程23.從頭到尾這些所有的訊號都會被記錄在單一張移動的紙上。一旦測謊結束，審查員會分析結果來決定受測者24.當時是否誠實回答。受訓良好的審查員在使用測謊機時通常能以極高的25.準確性來偵測謊言。然而，因為不同的人在說謊時的行為舉止不盡相同，所以測謊機未必正確。

21. (A) what(B) when(C) how(D) why

(A)什麼 (B)何時 (C)如何(D)為何

【解析】本題測驗疑問詞用法。依據文意，測謊機被用來測驗人體對問題如何做反應，以how來修飾動詞reacts，故答案選(C) how。

22. (A) adapted(B) attached(C) related(D) restricted

(A)適應 (B)繫上 (C)有關(D)限制

【解析】本題測驗字彙與文意判斷。前句指出說謊會有壓力，測謊即是測量這種壓力。本句接著說明在測謊時，會將感應器繫於受測者身體的不同部位，故答案選(B) attached。

23. (A) Before(B) Among(C) Without(D) Throughout

(A)在…之前 (B)在…之間 (C)沒有(D)從頭到尾

【解析】由句意在詢問的整個過程中，所有的訊號都會被記錄下來，推知選(D) Throughout。

24. (A) was being(B) would be(C) was to be(D) would have been

【解析】本題測驗時態。由文意得知，測謊結束後，審查員會分析結果以決定受測者當時是否誠實回答，因為是指測謊當時的情形，故選(A) was being。過去進行式指過去某時正在發生的動作。

25. (A) quantity(B) accuracy(C) possibility(D) emergency

(A)量 (B)準確性 (C)可能(D)緊急狀況

【解析】本題測驗字彙。由文意得知，接受過良好訓練的審查員使用測謊機時通常能非常準確地偵測到謊言，故知答案應選(B) accuracy。

第26至30題為題組

International trade is the exchange of goods and services between countries. Trade is driven by different production costs in different countries, making 26 cheaper for some countries to import goods rather than make them. A country is said to have a comparative advantage over another when it can produce a commodity more cheaply. This comparative advantage is 27 by key factors of production such as land, capital, and labor.

While international trade has long been conducted in history, its economic, social, and political importance has been 28 in recent centuries. During the 1990s, international trade grew by nearly 8.6% each year. In the year 1990 alone, the growth in trade in services was as high as 19%.

Today, all countries are involved in, and to varying degrees dependent on, trade with other countries. 29 international trade, nations would be limited to the goods and services produced within their own borders. Trade is certainly a main 30 force for globalization. It is also the subject of many international agreements that aim to govern and facilitate international trade, such as those negotiated through the World Trade Organization (WTO).

國際貿易是各國間商品和勞務的交流。貿易由在不同國家互異的生產成本所驅動，26.貿易讓某些國家進口貨物較自產更便宜。據說，當一個國家可以低廉地生產某商品時，該國就相對比別的國家有優勢。這項相對優勢視生產過程中的重要因素而27.決定，如土地、資金與勞力。

國際貿易在歷史上行之有年。它在經濟、社會以及政治上的重要性近幾個世紀來日益28.增長。在1990年代，國際貿易每年成長近8.6%。光是1990年這一年，勞務貿易的成長就足足有19%之多。

如今，所有國家都加入與他國貿易的行列之中，其依賴程度各有所異。若29.沒有國際貿易，各國生產的商品和勞務將受到疆界的侷限。貿易無疑是全球化的主要30.驅動力。這也是許多國際協議的主題，例如那些透過世界貿易組織(WTO)所協議的，旨在控制並促進國際貿易。

26. (A) them (B) such (C) what (D) it

【解析】本題測驗虛受詞的用法。在本分詞構句中，making後需為O + OC的結構，由句意「貿易讓某些國家進口貨物較自產更便宜」，可知to import goods為意義上的受詞，因結構需要，必須在making後置入受詞，即為虛受詞的概念，故知答案為(D) it。

27. (A) installed (B) reserved (C) opposed (D) determined

(A)安裝

(B)保存 (C)反對 (D)決定

【解析】本題測驗字義與文意理解。前句表示，當一個國家可生產較便宜的貨物時即有比較優勢，本句接續文意，指出這種比較優勢是由土地、資金與勞力等關鍵因素決定，故選(D) determined。

28. (A) to the point (B) on the rise (C) off the hook (D) for the record

(A)中肯 (B)在增長 (C)擺脫危境 (D)記錄在案

【解析】本題測驗片語與文意理解。由後二句都提及近年國際貿易的成長比例可回推本句應是說明國際貿易的重要性在近年中不斷增長，故答案應選(B) on the rise。

29. (A) Despite (B) Between (C) Without (D) Under

(A)儘管 (B)在…間 (C)沒有 (D)在…下

【解析】本題測驗假設語氣的用法。前一句指出現今所有的國家都依賴與他國的貿易，本句卻接著說國家會受限於自身生產的貨物與勞務，推知應是指沒有國際貿易的情形，與現在事實相反，由本句動詞would be確定是假設語氣，故選(C) Without。

30. (A) driving (B) pulling (C) riding (D) bringing

(A)驅動 (B)拉 (C)騎 (D)帶來

【解析】由整篇文意，國際貿易讓國與國之間更多依賴與互動可知它促進全球化，並且由搭配詞driving force (驅動力)可知答案為(A) driving。

三、文意選填(占10分)

說明：第31題至第40題，每題一個空格，請依文意在文章後所提供的(A)到(J)選項中分別選出最適當者，並將其英文字母代號畫記在答案卡之「選擇題答案區」。各題答對者，得1分；答錯、未作答或畫記多於一個選項者，該題以零分計算。

第31至40題為題組

Are forests always created by nature? A man from rural India proves that this is not necessarily 31 . Abdul Kareem, who used to be an airline ticketing agent, has a great love for the woods. Though he never went to college, he can talk about plants and trees like an expert. In 1977, he bought a piece of rocky wasteland with the 32 of growing trees on it. In the beginning, people thought he was 33 to waste his time and money on the land. But he simply 34 them and kept working on the soil and planting trees there. The land was so 35 that it had to be watered several times a day. Kareem had to fetch the water from a source that was a kilometer away. In the first two years, none of the trees he planted 36 . However, in the third year, several young trees started growing. Greatly 37 by the result, Kareem planted more trees and his man-made forest began to take shape.

Kareem let his forest grow naturally, without using fertilizers or insecticides. He believed in the ability of nature to renew itself without the 38 of humans. That’s why he did not allow fallen leaves or twigs from the forest to be removed.

After years of hard work, Kareem has not only realized his dream but also transformed a piece of 39 property into a beautiful forest. Today, his forest is home to 1,500 medicinal plants, 2,000 varieties of trees, rare birds, animals, and insects. Now, scientists from all over the world come to visit his 40 . They hope to find the secret of his success

森林都是由大自然所形成的嗎？一名來自印度鄉村的男子證實這不盡然是31.真的。Abdul Kareem曾任機票銷售員，他對森林懷有狂熱。雖然他沒上過大學，他卻可以像是一位專家，針對植物和樹木侃侃而談。1977年，他買下一塊多石的廢地，32.想像在該地種植樹木。起初，人們認為他一定是33.瘋了，才會浪費時間和金錢在這塊土地上。但他34.不理會他們，繼續整土和種植樹木。這裡土質極35.乾，一天要澆好幾次水。Kareem必須遠從一公里外的水源處取水。頭兩年，他種的樹沒有一棵36.存活。不過，到了第三年，有幾棵樹苗開始生長。受到這項結果大為37.鼓舞，Kareem種植更多的樹，而他的人造森林開始成形。

Kareem讓他的森林自然成長，不使用肥料和殺蟲劑。他深信在不受人為38.干擾下，大自然擁有自我重新開始的能力。因此，他不清理落葉或落枝。

經過多年的努力，Kareem不僅實現了他的夢想，也將一塊39.廢地改造成一片美麗的森林。如今，他的森林有一千五百株藥用植物、兩千種不同的樹以及稀有鳥類、動物和昆蟲等。現在，全球各地的科學家前往參觀他的40.創作，他們希望能找到他成功的秘訣。

(A) deserted (B) interference (C) vision(D) crazy (E) creation

(F) encouraged (G) ignored (H) survived (I) dry (J) true

(A)廢棄的 adj. (B)阻礙 n. [U] (C)想像 n. [C] (D)瘋狂的 adj.

(E)創作 n. [U] (F)鼓勵 v. (G)忽略 v. (H)存活 v.

(I)乾燥的 adj. (J)真的 adj.

【解析】

31. ...this is not necessarily _____，空格位於be動詞後，可知應為形容詞，選項有crazy、dry或true。本篇談論人造森林，依文意可知，本句應指所有的森林都是天然的說法並非完全正確，答案為(J) true。

32. with the _____ of growing trees on it，本格位於定冠詞the後，可知應填入名詞，由interference、vision、creation做選擇。依句意Kareem買這塊地是有要種樹的願景，故選(C) vision。

33. people thought he was _____ to waste his time and money on the land，空格前為be動詞，應填形容詞，有crazy與dry。依句意判斷，人們覺得他買地要種樹只是浪費時間與金錢，這行為真是瘋狂，所以答案為(D) crazy。

34. But he simply _______ them and kept working on the soil and planting trees there，本格在主詞he之後，受詞them之前，應填入動詞，有encouraged、ignored與survived可選擇。由句意他忽略人們的想法，並繼續整地與種樹，知道選(G) ignored。

35. The land was so _____ that it had to be watered several times a day，本格前有be動詞，應選形容詞，由句意這塊地很乾，以致於每天都要澆好幾次水，可知應選(I) dry。

36. In the first two years, none of the trees he planted _____，he planted為省略關代which的關係子句，主詞為none of the trees，故本格應填不及物動詞，有deserted與survived可選擇，依句意在前二年他種的樹都沒有存活，答案為(H) survived。

37. Greatly ______ by the result, Kareem planted more trees….，由後句為主要子句可判斷前句應為省略主詞的分詞構句，本格後有by，推測本格應填入過去分詞表示被動意義，依句意Kareem被結果大受鼓勵後就種了更多的樹，答案選(F) encouraged。

38. He believed in the ability of nature to renew itself without the ______ of humans，本格前有the，後有of，可知應填入名詞，由interference與creation選擇，依句意可知應選(B) interference。

39. transformed a piece of _____ property into a beautiful forest，本格後有名詞，答案應為形容詞，選由過去分詞轉變的形容詞(A) deserted。

40. scientists from all over the world come to visit his ______，本格在所有格his之後，可知應選名詞(E) creation。

四、閱讀測驗（占32分）

說明︰第41題至第56題，每題請分別根據各篇文章之文意選出最適當的一個選項，請畫記在答案卡之「選擇題答案區」。各題答對者，得2分；答錯、未作答或畫記多於一個選項者，該題以零分計算。

第41至44題為題組

In Japan, a person’s blood type is popularly believed to decide his/her temperament and personality. Type-A people are generally considered sensitive perfectionists and good team players, but over-anxious. Type Os are curious and generous but stubborn. Type ABs are artistic but mysterious and unpredictable, and type Bs are cheerful but eccentric, individualistic, and selfish. Though lacking scientific evidence, this belief is widely seen in books, magazines, and television shows.

The blood-type belief has been used in unusual ways. The women’s softball team that won gold for Japan at the Beijing Olympics is reported to have used blood-type theories to customize training for each player. Some kindergartens have adopted teaching methods along blood group lines, and even major companies reportedly make decisions about assignments based on an employee’s blood type. In 1990, Mitsubishi Electronics was reported to have announced the formation of a team composed entirely of AB workers, thanks to “their ability to make plans.”

The belief even affects politics. One former prime minister considered it important enough to reveal in his official profile that he was a type A, while his opposition rival was type B. In 2011, a minister, Ryu Matsumoto, was forced to resign after only a week in office, when a bad-tempered encounter with local officials was televised. In his resignation speech, he blamed his failings on the fact that he was blood type B.

The blood-type craze, considered simply harmless fun by some Japanese, may manifest itself as prejudice and discrimination. In fact, this seems so common that the Japanese now have a term for it: bura-hara, meaning blood-type harassment. There are reports of discrimination leading to children being bullied, ending of happy relationships, and loss of job opportunities due to blood type.

在日本，普遍認為人的血型會決定他/她的脾氣與性格。A型人大致上被認為是感性的完美主義者及優秀團隊工作者，但會杞人憂天。O型人則有好奇心、性格大方，但固執。AB型人則有藝術氣息，但很神秘且深不可測；B型人則是開朗，但古怪、有個性且自私。儘管缺乏科學根據，這些看法廣泛地出現在書籍、雜誌與電視節目裡。

血型信仰已運用在意想不到的地方。據說為日本在北京奧運贏得金牌的女子壘球隊利用血型理論來幫球員量身打造訓練方式。有些幼稚園會依血型的分別採取不同的教學方法，甚至大型企業據說會依員工的血型來分派工作。在1990年，三菱電機據傳組了血型全是AB型的團隊，因為「他們善於計畫」。

這信仰甚至影響到政治。日本前首相之ㄧ曾認為在自己官方資料中公佈自己是A型有相當的重要性，當時他的競選對手是B型。在2011年，大臣松本龍因與地方官員的火爆衝突被報導出來，他僅就職一週就被迫辭職。在辭職演說中，他將敗因歸咎於自己是B型的。

ㄧ些日本人覺得血型熱潮無傷大雅，但它會在偏見與歧視行為中顯現。事實上，這現象已常見到讓日本人稱它為「血型騷擾」，意思是關於血型的騷擾行為。已有因血型引起歧視導致兒童被霸凌、分手甚至失去工作機會的相關報導。

41. What is the speaker’s attitude toward the blood-type belief in Japan?

(A) Negative.(B) Defensive.(C) Objective.(D) Encouraging.

說話者對於日本的血型信仰態度為何？

(A)否定的。 (B)防禦的。 (C)主觀的。 (D)鼓勵的。

【說明】第二段首句以unusual ways來形容血型在日本的應用實例，末段認為血型狂熱被視為偏見與歧視，但並未提出佐證或其他人的看法，可知是說話者個人的態度，故答案應為(C)。

42. According to the examples mentioned in the passage, which blood type can we infer is the LEAST favored in Japan?

(A) Type A.(B) Type B.(C) Type O.(D) Type AB.

根據文中提及的例子，我們可推論出何種血型在日本最不受歡迎？

(A) A型。 (B) B型。 (C) O型。 (D) AB型。

【說明】第三段提及日本某位前首相堅持在個人檔案上揭露其血型為A 型，而對手是B型，此行為應對他有利，可推論B型較不被大眾喜愛。第二個例子說明前大臣松本龍與地方官員衝突，上任一週即被迫辭職，他卻將自己的行為歸咎於血型為B型。由這兩個例子可知，B型在日本應較不受喜愛。

43. Why did Prime Minister Ryu Matsumoto resign from office?

(A) He revealed his rival’s blood type.

(B) He was seen behaving rudely on TV.

(C) He blamed his failings on local officials.

(D) He was discriminated against because of blood type.

大臣松本龍為什麼辭職？ (原題目誤植為首相。)

(A)他揭露對手的血型。

(B)他在電視上的行為粗魯。

(C)他將失敗歸咎於地方官員。

(D)他因為血型而受到歧視。

【說明】由第二段的第二個例子可知前大臣松本龍是因為與地方官員衝突，

上任短短一週即被迫辭職，故選(B)。

44. Which field is NOT mentioned in the passage as being affected by blood-type

beliefs?

(A) Education.(B) Sports.(C) Business.(D) Medicine.

何種領域在文中未被提及受到血型信仰的影響？

(A)教育。 (B)運動。 (C)商業。 (D)醫藥。

【說明】第二段的第一個例子與壘球相關為運動領域，第二個例子與幼稚

園相關，屬於教育領域，而第三個例子與三菱電機相關，為商業領域，文中並未提及醫藥領域的例子，故選(D)。

第45至48題為題組

Like many other five-year-olds, Jeanie Low of Houston, Texas, would use a stool to help her reach the bathroom sink. However, the plastic step-stool she had at home was unstable and cluttered up the small bathroom shared by her whole family. After learning of an invention contest held by her school that year, Jeanie resolved to enter the contest by creating a stool that would be a permanent fixture in the bathroom, and yet could be kept out of the way when not in use.

Jeanie decided to make a stool attached to the bathroom cabinet door under the sink. She cut a plank of wood into two pieces, each about two feet wide and one foot long. Using metal hinges, Jeanie attached one piece of the wood to the front of the cabinet door, and the second piece to the first. The first piece was set just high enough so that when it swung out horizontally from the cabinet door, the second piece would swing down from the first, just touching the ground, and so serving as a support for the first piece of the wood. This created a convenient, sturdy platform for any person too short to reach the sink. When not in use, the hinges allowed the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets. Jeanie called her invention the “Kiddie Stool.”

Jeanie’s Kiddie Stool won first place in her school’s contest. Two years later, it was awarded first prize again at Houston’s first annual Invention Fair. As a result, Jeanie was invited to make a number of public appearances with her Kiddie Stool, and was featured on local TV as well as in newspapers. Many people found the story of the Kiddie Stool inspiring because it showed that with imagination, anyone can be an inventor.

就像許多其他五歲的小孩一樣，德州休士頓的Jeanie Low會用一張小凳子來幫她搆到浴室的水槽。然而，她家裡的那張塑膠階梯凳子不穩固，而且亂堆放在全家人共用的狹小浴室裡。在得知學校當年有舉辦一場發明比賽後，Jeanie決定要創造一張既可以成為浴室固定設施，也可以在不使用的時候折疊起來的板凳來參加比賽。

Jeanie決定做一張板凳固定在水槽下面的浴室儲藏櫃門旁。她將一塊木板切成兩半，各是兩腳的寬度和一腳的長度。Jeanie用金屬鉸鏈將一片木板固定在櫥櫃門前方，然後第二片固定在第一片上。第一片木板因為做得夠高，所以當它從櫥櫃門垂直拉出來時，第二片就會從第一片上落下，然後碰到地板，成為第一片木板的支撐點。這創造了一個方便、堅固的平台給任何身高太矮而碰不到水槽的人。當不使用的時候，鉸鏈可以讓兩塊木板緊緊地收回櫥櫃旁邊，靠磁鐵固定著。Jeanie將她的發明命名為「童椅凳」。

Jeanie的童椅凳在校內比賽獲得冠軍，兩年後，在休士頓首屆年度發明展中又再次獲得冠軍。因此，Jeanie獲邀帶著她的童椅凳在許多公眾場合亮相，而且也在地方電視和報紙中出現。許多人覺得這個童椅凳的故事激勵人心，因為它證明了只要有想像力，任何人都可成為發明家。

45. Why did Jeanie Low invent the Kiddie Stool, according to the passage?

(A) Many other five-year-olds had problems reaching the bathroom sink.

(B) She did not think that plastic stools were tall enough for her.

(C) The stool in her bathroom was not firm and often got in the way.

(D) She was invited to enter an invention contest held by her school.

根據本文，Jeannie Low為何發明童椅凳？

(A)許多其他的五歲兒童都有搆不到浴室水槽的問題。

(B)她不認為塑膠凳子對她而言夠高。

(C)她家浴室的凳子不夠穩固，而且常擋到路。

(D)她受邀參加學校所舉辦的發明比賽。

【說明】由第一段的前二句可知，因為浴室凳子不穩固，而且讓小空間很雜亂，她決定要自己做凳子，故選(C)。

46. Which of the following statements is true about how the Kiddie Stool works?

(A) The Kiddie Stool will swing out only when the cabinet door opens.

(B) It uses hinges and magnets to keep the wooden pieces in place.

(C) It swings from left to right to be attached to the cabinet door.

(D) The platform is supported by two pieces of metal.

關於童椅凳的運作，下列何者為真？

(A)只有在櫥櫃門打開時，童椅凳才會展開。

(B)它用鉸鏈和磁鐵固定住木片。

(C)它固定在櫥櫃門上，從左到右垂放下來。

(D)小平台是由二片金屬撐住。

【說明】第二段的倒數第二句說明木片是靠鉸鏈和磁鐵固定，因此選(B)。

47. What are the characteristics of Jeanie’s Kiddie Stool?

(A) Permanent and foldable. (B) Fragile and eye-catching.

(C) Conventional and touching.(D) Convenient and recyclable.

Jeanie的童椅凳有何特色？

(A)永久且可折疊。

(B)脆弱而吸睛。

(C)普通且感人。

(D)便利且可回收。

【說明】由第一段的末句與第二段的倒數第二句可得知童椅凳的特色是可永久使用又可折疊，故選(A)。

48. Which of the following sayings best captures the spirit of Jeanie Low’s story?

(A) Failure is the mother of success.

(B) There’s nothing new under the sun.

(C) Necessity is the mother of invention.

(D) Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.

下列何句諺語最能表現出Jeanie Low故事的精神？

(A)失敗為成功之母。

(B)太陽底下沒有新鮮事。

(C)需要為發明之母。

(D)天才是百分之一的靈感和百分之九十九的汗水。

【說明】 第一段即點出Jeanie為了解決原先的凳子不穩固又佔空間的問題，發明了可永久使用又可折疊的童椅凳，此為需要促使發明的例子，答案為(C)。

第49至52題為題組

Ongoing conflicts across the Middle East have prevented more than 13 million children from attending school, according to a report published by UNICEF, the United Nations Children’s Fund.

The report states that 40% of all children across the region are currently not receiving an education, which is a result of two consequences of violence: structural damage to schools and the displacement of populations, also called “forced migration.” Both issues result from the tide of violence that has crossed the region in recent years. The report examines nine countries where a state of war has become the norm. Across these countries, violence has made 8,500 schools unusable. In certain cases, communities have relied on school buildings to function as shelters for the displaced, with up to nine families living in a single classroom in former schools across Iraq.

The report pays particularly close attention to Syria, where a bloody civil war has displaced at least nine million people since the war began in 2011. With the crisis now in its fifth year, basic public services, including education, inside Syria have been stretched to breaking point. Within the country, the quality and availability of education depends on whether a particular region is suffering violence.

The report concludes with an earnest request to international policymakers to distribute financial and other resources to ease the regional crisis. With more than 13 million children already driven from classrooms by conflict, it is no exaggeration to say that the educational prospects of a generation of children are in the balance. The forces that are crushing individual lives and futures are also destroying the prospects for an entire region.

根據聯合國兒童基金會所發表的一份報導，持續在中東發生的武裝衝突已經使超過一千三百萬位孩童無法上學。

這份報導指出，在這個區域裡有百分之四十的孩童處於無法接受教育的窘境，而這個結果來自於兩項暴力衝突的結果：包含了對學校結構的破壞以及又稱為「強制移民」的人口遷徙。近年來，這兩項由不斷的暴力狂潮導致的問題，已持續在這個區域到處肆虐。這份報導探訪了九個國家，在那裡戰爭已成為一種常態。在這些國家中，暴力衝突已經讓八千五百間學校變得無法使用。在一些特例中，社區居民必須靠著學校的建築物來當成被迫遷徙的暫居處；在伊拉克，學校的一間教室最多有九個家庭擠在一起居住。

而這份報導特別近距離關注敘利亞，這個從2011年起就已因血腥的內戰導致至少九百萬人被迫遷徙的地方。隨著戰事邁入第五年，在敘利亞境內包括教育的基礎公共設施，都已經達到了瀕臨崩潰的臨界點。在這個國家中，教育品質以及可接觸教育的管道得依該地區是否處於暴力衝突的狀況而定。

最後這份報導以要求世界各地的政策制定者們分配包含了財務及各項資源來幫助舒緩區域危機來做為結論。因為有超過一千三百萬的孩童已經因武力衝突而被隔絕於教室外，要說整個世代的小孩們的教育處境處於茫然的未知狀態是一點也不誇張的。奪走個人生命及未來的武力，同時也摧毀了整個區域的未來願景。

49. What is this article mainly about?

(A) Why people are moving away from their own countries.

(B) Why there are civil wars and violence in the Middle East.

(C) Why many schools have become shelters for displaced families.

(D) Why many children in the Middle East are not attending school.

本文主旨為何？

(A)為何人們要離開自己的國家。

(B)為何中東有內戰與衝突。

(C)為何許多學校成為難民家庭的避難所。

(D)為何中東許多孩童無法就學。

【說明】第一段第一句為主題句，即開門見山說明中東的衝突讓一千三百萬名孩童無法就學，故答案選(D)。

50. Why is “Iraq” mentioned in the second paragraph?

(A) To convince people that temporary housing can be easily found.

(B) To prove that classrooms there are big enough to host many families.

(C) To give an example of why schools are not usable for children’s learning.

(D) To show how structural damages of school can affect the quality of education.

為何第二段提及「伊拉克」？

(A)為了說服人們暫時居所能輕易找到。

(B)為了證明教室夠大而能夠容納許多家庭。

(C)為了舉例說明為何學校不能作為孩童的學習場所。

(D)為了顯示對學校的結構性摧毀如何影響教育品質。

【說明】第二段的末句說明在某些案例中，社區依賴學校建築充當難民避難所，在整個伊拉克，學校的教室最多有九個家庭擠在一起居住，可知伊拉克的案例是用來舉例說明學校為何無法讓孩童就讀，所以選(C)。

51. What does the phrase “in the balance” in the last paragraph most likely mean?

(A) Being well taken care of.(B) In an uncertain situation.

(C) Under control by the authority.(D) Moving in the wrong direction.

最後一段的「in the balance」最有可能作何解釋？

(A)受到良好照護。 (B)處於未確定的狀態。

(C)受到當局控制。 (D)移動到錯誤方向。

【說明】in the balance意為「懸而未決」，由文意超過一千三百萬兒童因武力衝突失學，兒童教育前景懸而未決，可確定應選(B)。

52. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

(A) The war in Syria has been going on since 2011.

(B) More than nine thousand schools have been destroyed by wars.

(C) Thirteen million people have been forced to leave their homes in the Middle East.

(D) Forty percent of all children in the world are not attending schools due to ongoing conflict.

根據本文，下列敘述何者為真？

(A)敘利亞的戰爭自2011年持續至今。

(B)超過九千所學校被戰爭摧毀。

(C)一千三百萬人被迫離開位於中東的家園。

(D)全世界有百分之四十的兒童因為持續的戰事而無法就學。

【說明】

( 第三段第一句指出敘利亞的內戰開始於2011年，故答案選(A)。

( 第二段倒數第二句指出這些戰事頻繁的國家中，共有八千五百所學校失去功能，並非九千所。

( 第一段指出超過一千三百萬名孩童因戰事無法上學，但全文未提及被迫離開家園的人數。

( 第二段第一句說明中東地區有百分之四十的兒童因為持續的戰事而無法就學，並非指全世界的情形。

第53至56題為題組

Many marine animals, including penguins and marine iguanas, have evolved ways to get rid of excess salt by using special salt-expelling glands around their tongue. However, the sea snake’s salt glands cannot handle the massive amounts of salt that would enter their bodies if they actually drank seawater. This poses a serious problem when it comes to getting enough water to drink. If seawater is not an option, how does this animal survive in the ocean?

An international team of researchers focused on a population of yellow-bellied sea snakes living near Costa Rica, where rain often does not fall for up to seven months out of the year. Because yellow-bellied sea snakes usually spend all of their time far from land, rain is the animals’ only source of fresh water. When it rains, a thin layer of fresh water forms on top of the ocean, providing the snakes with a fleeting opportunity to lap up that precious resource. But during the dry season when there is no rain, snakes presumably have nothing to drink. Thus, the team became interested in testing whether sea snakes became dehydrated at sea.

The researchers collected more than 500 yellow-bellied sea snakes and weighed them. They found that during the dry season about half of the snakes accepted fresh water offered to them, while nearly none did during the wet season. A snake’s likelihood to drink also correlated with its body condition, with more withered snakes being more likely to drink, and to drink more. Finally, as predicted, snakes captured during the dry season contained significantly less body water than those scooped up in the rainy season. Thus, it seems the snake is able to endure certain degrees of dehydration in between rains. Scientists believe that dehydration at sea may explain the declining populations of sea snakes in some parts of the world.

許多海洋動物，包括企鵝與海鬣蜥，已演化用舌周圍的特殊除鹽腺體來排除過多的鹽分。然而若海蛇實際飲用海水，牠的除鹽腺體無法應付進入身體內大量的鹽分。當提到獲取足夠的水飲用時，這會導致一個嚴重的問題。如果海水不是一個選項，這種生物如何在海中生存？

一組跨國研究團隊專注研究棲息於一整年長達七個月不下雨的哥斯大黎加附近黃腹海蛇的數量。因為黃腹海蛇大部分生活在遠離陸地的海中，雨水是這種動物唯一的淡水資源。下雨時，一層薄薄的淡水在海表面上形成，提供黃腹海蛇一個稍縱即逝的機會享用這珍貴的水資源。但當沒下雨的旱季時，黃腹海蛇想必毫無東西能飲用。因此，該團隊對測試海蛇在海中是否會脫水感興趣。

研究人員收集超過五百隻黃腹海蛇並逐一將牠們秤重。他們發現旱季時，約一半的海蛇接受供給給牠們的淡水，然而在雨季時，幾乎沒有一隻接受。一隻海蛇飲用的可能性也與其身體狀況相關：衰老的海蛇更可能飲用，且飲用更多。最後，如同所預測的，旱季捕捉的海蛇較雨季捕捉到的海蛇身體明顯儲存更少的水。因此，黃腹海蛇似乎能在雨季間承受一定程度的脫水。科學家相信，在海中脫水能說明世界一些部份地區海蛇族群減少的原因。

53. What is the purpose of the study described in this passage?

(A) To test if sea snakes lose body water at sea.

(B) To see whether sea snakes drink water offered to them.

(C) To find out if sea snakes are greatly reduced in population.

(D) To prove that sea snakes drink only water coming from rivers.

本文描述的研究其目的為何？

(A)為了測試海蛇在海中是否會失去體內的水分。

(B)為了觀察海蛇是否會喝提供給牠們的水。

(C)為了找出海蛇的總數量是否大大減少。

(D)為了證明海蛇只喝河水。

【說明】第二段的末句說明研究團隊有興趣於測試海蛇在海裡是否會脫水，可知答案應選(A)。

54. Which of the following is true about sea snakes?

(A) Their salt glands can remove the salt in the seawater.

(B) They can drink seawater when it mixes with rainwater.

(C) The ocean is like a desert to them since they don’t drink seawater.

(D) They usually live near the coastal area where there is more fresh water.

下列關於海蛇的敘述何者為真？

(A)牠們的鹽腺可以排除海水的鹽分。

(B)當海水混入雨水時，牠們可以喝海水。

(C)因為牠們不喝海水，海洋對牠們而言如同沙漠。

(D)牠們通常棲息在有更多淡水的沿岸區。

【說明】

( 第一段第二句指出海蛇不像大部分的海洋動物一樣能夠藉由鹽腺排除

鹽分，(A)不可選。

( 第二段的第三句說明下雨時在海水上形成一層淡水，海蛇此時可趁機喝雨水止渴，並非喝海水，(B)不可選。

( 第二段的第二句說明雨水是海蛇唯一的淡水來源，第四句提及在旱季無雨時，海蛇便無水可喝，可推知海洋對牠們而言如沙漠，答案為(C)。

( 文中提及黃腹海蛇大部分生活在遠離陸地的海中，並非沿岸，(D)不可選。

55. Which of the following is one of the findings of the study?

(A) If a sea snake was dried and weak, it drank more fresh water.

(B) If captured in the wet season, sea snakes drank a lot of fresh water.

(C) Most of the sea snakes had lost a lot of body water when captured.

(D) Dehydration is not a problem among sea snakes since they live at sea.

何為研究的發現之一？

(A)脫水又虛弱的海蛇會喝更多淡水。

(B)若在雨季中被捕捉，海蛇會喝很多淡水。

(C)大部分的海蛇被捕捉到時已失去很多體內的水分。

(D)因為海蛇棲息於海中，牠們不會有脫水的問題。

【說明】

( 第三段第三句指出海蛇的喝水量與身體狀況大有關聯，虛弱的海蛇更可能喝水，也會喝更多，答案為(A)。

( 第三段第二句表示在旱季被捕捉的海蛇大多會喝研究人員提供的淡水，而雨季中被捕的海蛇則非，(B)不可選。

( 本文未提及。

( 末段的最後二句指出海蛇可在雨季間容忍某種程度的脫水，但海中脫水也造成某些海蛇的族群減少，可見脫水仍是海蛇很大的問題，(D)不可選。

56. What can be inferred from the study?

(A) Sea snakes can easily survive long years of drought.

(B) Evolution will very likely enable sea snakes to drink seawater.

(C) Sea snakes will be the last creature affected by global warming.

(D) The sea snakes’ population distribution is closely related to rainfall.

從研究可推論出什麼？

(A)海蛇可輕易捱過數年的乾旱。

(B)演化很有可能會讓海蛇能喝海水。

(C)海蛇將是受全球暖化影響的最後一種生物。

(D)海蛇的族群分布與降雨緊密相關。

【說明】

( 最後一段的倒數第二句提及海蛇只能忍受某種程度的脫水，(A)不可選。

( 本文未提及，(B)不可選。

( 本文未提及，(C)不可選。。

( 末段的最後一句說明脫水會造成某些海蛇的族群減少，推知海蛇的族群分布與降雨大有關聯，答案選(D)。

第貳部分：非選擇題（占28分）

說明：本部分共有二題，請依各題指示作答，答案必須寫在「答案卷」上，並標明大題號(一、二)。作答務必使用筆尖較粗之黑色墨水的筆書寫，且不得使用鉛筆。

一、中譯英（占8分）

說明：1.請將以下中文句子譯成正確、通順、達意的英文，並將答案寫在「答案卷」上。

2.請依序作答，並標明子題號。每題4分，共8分。

1. 相較於他們父母的世代，現今年輕人享受較多的自由和繁榮。

【說明】

(參考句型：V-en…, S + V + O

(相較於 compared with

(世代 generation

(繁榮 prosperity

(作答：

Compared with their parents’ generation, nowadays/now/today young people enjoy more freedom and prosperity.

2. 但是在這個快速改變的世界中，他們必須學習如何有效地因應新的挑戰。

【說明】

(參考句型：Adv (transitional words that show contrasting relation of two things), S + V + O

(快速改變的世界 fast-changing/rapidly changing world

(有效地 effectively

(因應新的挑戰 meet/deal with/cope with new challenges

(作答：

However,/But/Yet in this fast-changing/rapidly changing world, they have to/must learn how to meet/deal with/cope with new challenges effectively.

二、英文作文（占20分）

說明︰1.依提示在「答案卷」上寫一篇英文作文。

2.文長至少120個單詞(words)。

提示︰你認為家裡生活環境的維持應該是誰的責任?請寫一篇短文說明你的看法。文分兩 段，第一段說明你對家事該如何分工的看法及理由，第二段舉例說明你家中家事分 工的情形，並描述你自己做家事的經驗及感想。

第一段

From my point of view, maintaining a clean home is undoubtedly the responsibility of every member in a family, as only when everyone makes contributions and takes on responsibilities can a family function well. To divide household chores fairly and effectively, it is preferable that parents, together with their children, create a list, listing out what is needed to be done lest any task be missed. By doing so, all members are involved, which can make themselves feel more committed and more responsible. Next, it is advisable that duties be divvied and such consensus as frequency and standards be reached in advance so that friction can be prevented. Parents can assign tasks to children according to their ages and abilities or allow them to choose the chores they prefer. Some tactics like flipping a coin can even be employed. Moreover, parents can encourage children to pitch in by rewarding them. Once children complete their chores, parents can have them earn privileges or provide an allowance. After a week or two, the family can have a discussion again to see if anything needs to be adjusted.

第二段

In my family, my sister and I have shared household chores since we were little. My parents make chores a regular part of a family routine, as they are convinced that chores help develop children’s character. As kids, we started to participate by doing smallish chores like picking up toys or putting clothes on the hooks. As we grow older, we have more choice of chores and heavier loads. We always have fun doing the chores, feeling happy to be important contributors and to be able to help reduce my parents’ burden. Also, I myself have reaped many benefits from this routine. In order to complete the chores and do my homework, I have learned how to manage time and make good plans. A sense of responsibility and the ability to deal with frustration and minimize stress are what I have developed as well. All in all, through doing household chores, I am delighted to help maintain a clean home and make myself a better person at the same time.

105學測總評與建議

◎第一部份 選擇題

【詞彙】

1-15

1. 15題中考動詞4題、名詞5題、形容詞4題以及副詞2題，與去年的配題相同。選項的單字都在4500字範圍內，學生在準備學測時務必要熟悉4500字。

2. 15題中有8題屬於線索推論，需由文意推敲答案(concert、accent、injury、generosity、retirement、conquer、ruin、representative)，2題屬於常識判斷題(demonstrate、itchy)，2題屬於字詞搭配(upset、environmentally)，1題因果題(numerous)、2題對比題(confine、occasionally)。

3. 今年的字詞搭配題仍不多，多數題目需要從文意融合常識與邏輯聯想作答，有些題目可同時藉由文意與常見的搭配用法來找出答案，因此在單字學習中，學生要搭配閱讀句子以求理解文意。

4. 有些題目配合文法觀念理解能更快解出，如(4) although引導讓步子句、(9) however引導的句意與前面相反、(11) 名詞當前句的同位語、(14) or連接意思相近的字詞。

5. 今年主題取材仍多元，學生平時應多留意生活化主題的英文單字，如(1) 演唱會、(5) 乘車繫安全帶、(11) 冬季皮膚乾癢、(15) 環保。

【綜合測驗】

16-30

1. 第一篇描述綁架趣聞，第二篇介紹測謊機，第三篇淺談國際貿易的重要性，主題多元，故學生平時應多閱讀不同主題的文章。

2. 15題中有介系詞1題(23)、片語3題(17、18、28)，文法與句型5題(19、21、24、26、29)，轉折詞2題 (16、20)，其餘為單字題，需由上下文推論出答案。

3. 15題的難度中上，大部分題目只要能理解文意，容易作答。

4. 今年出題除了著重字義與文意的理解，文法與句型題也受到重視，出現5題，難度中上，稍加思考均不難作答。特別的是，片語題有3題，其中off the hook與for the record較難。由此可知學生平日宜多涉獵不同題材的文章，擴充字彙庫與片語量，並培養從上下文意推論聯想的能力。

【文意選填】

31-40

1. 主題為敘述人造森林的經過，文章依時間順序寫成，段落分明，結構清楚易懂，可由每段的主題句掌握內容。

2. 全文10格都是實詞，而deserted有二個以上的詞性，學生作答時必須留意判斷。此篇文章不難，只有3題需融合文法觀念，與連接詞so…that相關的是(35)，與關係子句相關的是(36)，與分詞構句相關的是(37)，其餘均可靠文意作答。

3. 教師可提醒學生多練習文意選填的答題技巧，先瀏覽過選項的字詞，答題時由結構判斷空格所需要的詞性，再由符合詞性的選項中挑選符合文意的選項。可鼓勵學生記憶單字時要注意詞性，並多學習搭配詞與基本句型的用法。

【閱讀測驗】

41-56

1. 第一篇談論日本人對血型的偏見，第二篇介紹小女孩Jeanie Low的發明，第三篇探討中東地區因戰亂讓孩童失學的狀況，第四篇描述科學家對海蛇攝取水分的研究。

2. 四篇文章都算中長文，字數分別為288字、311字、272字和308字，單字多在4500字範圍內，但有出現較難的字彙(第一篇的manifest、第二篇的hinges與第四篇的gland)，學生須從上下文推敲出文意。

3. 在本次閱測中，第一篇對於日本人對血型偏見的介紹段落分明，學生若能善用閱讀主題句的技巧即能快速找出答案，41題判斷說話者態度的題目較難，需要多加思考文意才能作答。第二篇介紹五歲小女孩的發明，主題清楚，段落分明，但第二段對於童椅凳用法的描述頗有難度，學生必須將其圖像化才能回答46題，48題測驗諺語，雖容易作答，仍提醒學生平時要多背誦諺語。第三篇探討中東地區因戰亂讓孩童失學的情形，文章的細節甚多，題目的誘答性高，必須注意描述的是中東或敘利亞的情形。51題的片語稍難，必須由上下文判斷出意思。第四篇描述科學家對海蛇攝取水分的研究，文章主題清楚，但對於研究的描述細節甚多，必須仔細閱讀，題目亦頗具誘答性，必須小心作答。54、55題較難，均須深入細節。

4. 本次閱讀測驗仍以主旨題、細節題、推論題為主要方向，教師平時可讓學生多加練習此類題目。今年出現3題原因題，學生在閱讀時要多培養對文章細節因果關係的判斷。另外，今年對於說話者態度的判斷題較有難度，教師可提醒學生必須在閱讀中訓練判斷力。

5. 教師可鼓勵學生平時閱讀遇到生字時多練習從上下文推論意思，以應付測驗語意的題目。

6. 教師可提醒學生在答題前先掃瞄題型，判斷何者需用略讀技巧，何者需要閱讀全文，善用策略以便縮短答題時間。

◎第二部份　非選擇題

【翻譯題】

1. 二題均以單句寫成。二句均陳述事實，使用現在簡單式。

2. 第一句前半部「相較於…」必須以分詞構句Compared with表示。在主要子句中，以「年輕人」作為主詞，後面以「V + O」的結構表示。第二句前半部為副詞，須注意「快速改變」的譯法，後半部份則以「S + V + O」的結構譯出即可。本次翻譯題句構不難，特別要注意一些固定寫法，如「Compared with」與「fast-changing」，稍微困難之處在於第一句的繁榮(prosperity)與第二句的片語因應新的挑戰(meet/deal with/cope with new challenges)。

【英文作文】

第一段：第一段說明你對家事該如何分工的看法及理由。

Topic sentence: 先開門見山說明自己認為家裡生活環境的維持應該是誰的責任。

From my point of view, maintaining a clean home is undoubtedly the responsibility of _________.

Supporting idea: 接著說明家事該如何分工，並提出理由。

第二段：舉例說明你家中家事分工的情形，並描述你自己做家事的經驗及感想。

Topic sentence: 舉例說明你家中家事分工的情形。

In my family, _______.

Supporting idea: 描述你自己做家事的經驗及感想。

I myself have reaped many benefits from _____.

Conclusion: 再次強調自己做家事的收穫。

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