Characterized by Chronic, progressive occlusion of the
peripheral circulation Most often in the large and medium arteries
of the lower extremities. Young male patients who smoke
Slide 12
An inflammatory reaction of the arteries to nicotine. Small
arteries of the feet and hands and progresses proximally. It
results in vasoconstriction, decreased arterial circulation to the
extremities, ischemia, and eventual ulceration and necrosis of soft
tissues.
Slide 13
The inflammatory reaction and resulting signs and symptoms can
be controlled if the patient stops smoking
Slide 14
Primary Raynauds syndrome Chronic, functional arterial disorder
Women>men Caused by an abnormality of the sympathetic nervous
system
Slide 15
Characterized by Digital vasospasm Affecting the small arteries
and arterioles of the fingers and sometimes the toes. Exposure to
cold, vibration, or stress. Temporary pallor (blanching), then
cyanosis and pain, followed by numbness and a cold sensation of the
digits.
Diminished or Absent Peripheral Pulses Collateral
circulation
Slide 19
Integumentary Changes Skin discoloration Pallor (elevated), in
rest or after exercise Reactive hyperemia (lowered after elevated)
Trophic changes (shiny, waxy, dryness, loss of hair Skin
temperature ? Ulcerations (weight bearing, bony)
Slide 20
Sensory Disturbances
Slide 21
Exercise pain Intermittent claudication Early: feeling of
fatigue or weakness Later: cramping or aching in the muscles Does
not occur With extended periods of standing (as seen with spinal
stenosis) With prolonged sitting (as seen with sciatica) One limb
or both??
Slide 22
Slide 23
Burning, tingling sensation At night?? Heart rate and volume of
blood flow to the extremities decreases with rest Relief of pain,
if the leg is placed in a dependent
Slide 24
Weakness Atrophy loss of motor function Pain Weakness