PROTOZOA

Výukový materiál OR 03 - 66Tvůrce: Mgr. Alena Výborná

Tvůrce anglické verze: Mgr. Miloslava DorážkováProjekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů

Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

PROTOZOA•The simplest animals (eukaryotic)•The body is made up by one cell•One cell:

▫Accepts▫Processes▫Excludes▫Breathes▫Moves▫Reacts to the stimulus▫Reproduces

PROTOZOA•Microscopic•Heterotrophic•A cell includes:

▫Food vacuoles▫Contractile (pulsating) vacuoles

•The movement is made by:▫Amoeba (pseudopods)▫Flagella▫Cilium▫Undulating membrane

PROTOZOA

•They accept stimulus from their surroundings:▫By whole surface of the body▫By sense organs:

Cilium (touch) Pigment spots (accept light)

•Reproduction:▫Asexual (division, budding)▫Sexual (joining different nucleus)

PROTOZOA

•Some of them create shells of silicon dioxide

•Some of them cover their bodies by shells made of small sand grains

•CYST▫A rest, immobile, resistant stadium▫Its function is to survive in unfavourable

conditions

PROTOZOA

•The importance of protozoa:▫Autotrophic protozoa belong to the basic

parts of a food chain▫Soil protozoa are important for soil fertility▫A bio-indicator of the environment ▫They cause serious diseases

PROTOZOA

•GROUPS:▫FLAGELLATE▫RHIZOPODA▫INFUSORIA

PROTOZOA – FLAGELLATA

•One or more flagella•The most original•Coreopsis:

▫Mixotrophic (autotrophic and heterotrophic)

▫A spot reacting to light▫One or two flagella▫Pools, puddles, polluted water

Euglena• A stigma• Chloroplasts• A nucleus• A flagellum

PROTOZOA – FLAGELLATA

•Trypanosoma gambiense:▫It lives in blood of a man and some

mammals▫It causes a sleeping sickness▫A death disease, spread in tropic Africa▫It is transmitted by a tsetse fly

Trypanosoma gambiense

Trypanosoma gambiense

PROTOZOA - RHIZOPODA

•A changeable body shape•They accept food thanks to pseudopods•Amoeba proteus

▫poodles, bottoms of pools•Entamoeba histolytica

▫ a parasitical, gastric disease

Amoeba proteus – a cell structure

• A food vacuole• A contractile vacuole• A nucleus• Cytoplasm• A pseudopod

PROTOZOA - INFUSORIA

•The most perfect protozoa•The most complicated structure•They move thanks to flagella•The accept food by a cell mouth•They eat bacteria, algae…•The are food for many animals

PROTOZOA - INFUSORIA

•Paramecium caudatum▫Polluted waters▫An indicator of pollution

•Vorticella▫They appear in dense cover of water plants

•Stylonychia mytilus▫In water plants

PROTOZOA – INFUSORIA, COREOPSIS

• A stigma• Chloroplasts• A nucleus• A flagellum

• Paramecium caudatum

• Coreopsis

• Stylonychia mytilus

Revision:•1) Name at least three organelles of movement:

•2) Which infusorian lives in polluted waters?

• 3) A rest, immobile, resistant stadium is called:

•4) What causes a sleeping sickness ?

•5) What vacuoles does a cell of infusoria include?

Source:• DOBRORUKA, Luděk J. Přírodopis pro 7. ročník základní

školy. 1. vyd. Praha: Scientia, 1998, 152 s. ISBN 80-718-3134-4