Radiation Effects On Humans

Radiation Effects On Humans

By:Vanessa Madera

&Chandra Worley

By:Vanessa Madera

&Chandra Worley

Outline

• House Hold Appliances• Benefits/Dangers• R.E.M.s• Types of Radiation• Risks of Low-Level Radiation• Additional Cancer Deaths Per 10,000

Persons• References• Conclusion• Any Questions

House Hold Appliances

• Most common amps: 200-400

• Electricity supply: 110-120 volts

• Nominal Values: 127 volts

House Hold Appliances Cont…Homes have a three wire service

Two hot wires, one neutral wire

Circuit connected to one hot wire: 120 volts

If connected to two hot wires: 240 volts

Benefits/DangersBenefits/Dangers Cosmic radiation: 3x’s stronger @ an altitude of 3,048 m (10,000 ft) than at sea level by 20%

Cosmic radiation: 3x’s stronger @ an altitude of 3,048 m (10,000 ft) than at sea level by 20%

Benefits/Dangers Cont…Benefits/Dangers Cont…

90% of radiation exposure from man-made sources in U.S.: medical and dental x-rays

Other 10%: nuclear weapon testing, nuclear power productions, radios, luminous dial watches, and color T.V.s

90% of radiation exposure from man-made sources in U.S.: medical and dental x-rays

Other 10%: nuclear weapon testing, nuclear power productions, radios, luminous dial watches, and color T.V.s

R.E.M.sR.E.M.s

R.E.M.: radiation equivalent man, measure of biological effectiveness

In U.S. cosmic radiation doses: 38-75 millirems

R.E.M.: radiation equivalent man, measure of biological effectiveness

In U.S. cosmic radiation doses: 38-75 millirems

Average whole body doses from natural radiation: at least 0.1 rem per year

“Average…”: about seven rems per lifetime

Average whole body doses from natural radiation: at least 0.1 rem per year

“Average…”: about seven rems per lifetime

Types Of RadiationTypes Of Radiation

Two main types of radiation

Cosmic radiation: comes from outer space

Terrestrial radiation: comes from radioactive materials i.e. uranium & thorium from inside of the earth

Two main types of radiation

Cosmic radiation: comes from outer space

Terrestrial radiation: comes from radioactive materials i.e. uranium & thorium from inside of the earth

Risks of Low-Level radiation

Risks of Low-Level radiation

Cancersten times higher

childhood leukaemias substantial contradictionsCERRIE:

Committee ExaminingRadiation Risks of Internal Emitters

Low level radiation

Cancersten times higher

childhood leukaemias substantial contradictionsCERRIE:

Committee ExaminingRadiation Risks of Internal Emitters

Low level radiation

Additional cancer deaths per 10,000 personsSource: Cancer death per

10,000 persons cGy

BEIR (1972) 1.17-6.2

UNSCEAR (1977) 0.7-1.7

ICRP (1977) 1.25

BEIR (1980) 1.5-5

Charles et al. (1983)

1.0-4.4

Preston + Pearce (1987)

5.8-18

UNSCEAR (1988) 4.2-11

BEIR V (1990) 5.4-12.4

Nussbaum + Kohnlein (1990)

25

ConclusionsConclusions

• Two types of radiation• 90% of radiation comes from x-rays

• Radiation is measured in R.E.M.s

• Homes have a three wire system

• Two types of radiation• 90% of radiation comes from x-rays

• Radiation is measured in R.E.M.s

• Homes have a three wire system

THE END

ANY QUESTIONS

THE END

ANY QUESTIONS

References References

Dinah Moche, 1979, radiation:benfits/dangers, 83 pgs, Franklin watts, new york/london/toronto.

Physics matters electric current, ser., volume 7, scholastics, New York.

Physics matters electric charges, ser., volume 6, scholastics, New York.

Edwards, R., Risks from low-level radiation reassessed, http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn6550, Accessed June 5, 2006.

Kohnlein, W., Risks Estimates of Low-Level Radiation, http://www.foe.arc.net.au/kohnlein/kohnpaper.html, Accessed June 5, 2006

Dinah Moche, 1979, radiation:benfits/dangers, 83 pgs, Franklin watts, new york/london/toronto.

Physics matters electric current, ser., volume 7, scholastics, New York.

Physics matters electric charges, ser., volume 6, scholastics, New York.

Edwards, R., Risks from low-level radiation reassessed, http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn6550, Accessed June 5, 2006.

Kohnlein, W., Risks Estimates of Low-Level Radiation, http://www.foe.arc.net.au/kohnlein/kohnpaper.html, Accessed June 5, 2006