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Passive Passive voicevoice

被动语态的构成： be +动词过去分词 .

被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 。

当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。

We use cameras for taking photos.

---Cameras are used for taking photos.

be + 动词的过去分词e.g. 1.They make trains in Zhuzhou . ( 主动语态 )

Trains _____made in Zhuzhou. ( 被动语态 )

2.The farmers grow cotton every year.

Cotton ____grown by the farmers every year.

3.Many people speak English.

English ____spoken by many people.

are

is

is

(be 有人称、时态和数的变化 )

被动语态的构成被动语态的构成

一般现在时被动语态的构成一般现在时被动语态的构成

am/is/are+ 动词的过去分词A) 肯定句形式：

如： Now it _________(use) for cooking.

I _____________(look) after well every day.

Many trees ______________(plant) every year.

B) 疑问句形式：

_______ it _______ for cooking?

_________ many trees __________ every year?

is used

am looked

are planted

Is used

Are planted

What _______ it _______ for? 它被用来做什么 ?

Where _______ you _______ after well? 你在哪里被照顾妥当 ?

C) 否定句形式：It ______________ for cooking. 它不是被用来煮饭的 .

I _______________ after well every day. 我没得到很好的照顾 .

Trees ____________________ every year. 不是每年都种树 .

一般现在时被动语态的构成一般现在时被动语态的构成

1. She often cleans the house.

The house _______________ by her.

2.Do they call the dog “Bobby”?

______ the dog ______ “Bobby” by them?

is often cleaned

Is called

is used

are looked

isn’t usedam not looked

aren’t planted

一般过去时被动语态的构成一般过去时被动语态的构成

was/were+ 动词的过去分词e.g 1. They built the house last year.

The house ____ built last year.

2. Mike took these photos in the park.

These photos ____ taken by Mike in the park

3. Did the policeman catch the man just now?

___ the man ______(catch) by the policeman just now?

was

were

Was caught

1. We built this bridge last year. The bridge __________ (build) last year.2. The tiger in the zoo frightened the little girl. The little girl ________________ (frighten) by

the tiger in the zoo.3. He gave the girls some toys yesterday. The girls__________ (give) some toys

yesterday.4. They saw the boy steal something in the

supermarket. The boy __________ (see) to steal something

in the supermarket.

was built

was frightened

were given

was seen

will be + 动词的过去分词一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态

1. A wonderful English talk ___________ given by Mr Liu tomorrow.

2. The bridge _______________ completed in five months.

3. The meeting ____________ (hold) in the room 302 soon.

4. ______ these trees __________ (plant) on the hill tomorrow ?

will be

will be

will be held

Will be planted

1. The photo __________ (show) to me soon.

2. A new building ______________ (build) in our school next year.

3. Tom _________ (lend) a new bike tomorrow.

4. A new bike ______________ (lend) Tom tomorrow.

5. Tom ___________________ (allow) watch TV after he finishes his homework

6. I think computer ______________(use) in everyday life in the near future.

7. The concert _______________ (take place) next Friday.

8. ____ these trees ____________ (plant) on the hill tomorrow ?

will be shown will be built

will be lent will be lent to

will be allowed to

will be used

will take place Will be planted

含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态

e.g 1. They must build a hotel in the town.

A hotel ______built by them in the town.

2. Must we keep the food in a cool place?

____ the food _____ kept in a cool place?

3. When may I hand in the homework?

When _____ the homework __________?

情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词

must be

Must be

may be handed in

1. Many stars _______________(can see) at night.

2. Your bike _____________ (must not put) there.

3. You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.

_____________________________________________________________________________

4. You may write this letter in pencil.

_____________________________________

can be seen mustn’t be put

These magazines mustn’t be taken out of the reading room.

This letter may be written in pencil.

1. We have eaten up the food already.

The food _____________ eaten up already.

2. Have they repaired the watch yet?

_______ the watch ________ repaired yet? 3. They have kept these magazines in the library for a

long time. Now these magazines__________ kept in the library for

a long time.4. They haven’t handed in these papers yet. These papers ___________________________yet.

has/have been + 动词的过去分词完成时的被动语态完成时的被动语态

has been

Has been

have been

haven’t been handed in

1. ______ the work _____________ (finish) yet ?2. The broken glass ___________________ (thro

w) away by me already. 3. My bad tooth ________ just ______________

(pull) out by the doctor. 4. There was no room for me. All the seats _____

________________ (take).5. You won't recognize him. He ______________

_ (change) a lot in fact.6. Have you ________________ (invite) the party

? Yes, and so has my sister.7. I know a new film ________________ (show) a

t the cinema recently

Has been finished

has been thrown

has been pulled

have been taken

has changed

been invited

has been shown

1. My pencil ___ the day before yesterday.

A. found B. was found C. were found

2. His letter ________ soon.

A. will finish B. was finished C. will be finished

3. The work ___ well ___ and my mother smiled.

A. is, done B. was done C. will be, done

4. A new lab building ___in their school in a year.

A. sets up B. was set up C. will be set up

Exercise timeExercise time

5. The bottle ___ with medicine by the nurse.

A. was filled B. was filling C. was full

6. Today many trees are being cut in our country. So more trees ____ .

A. must plant B. must be plant C. must be planted

7. My father _____ not to smoke any more.

A. told B. is told C. are told

8. ___ Chinese ____ by the largest number of people in the world.

A. Is, spoken B. Was, spoken C. Were, spoken

Exercise timeExercise time

注 意 事 项 之 一

* 含有复合宾语的主动句，若宾补不是带 to 的不定式 , 变为被动句后必须带 to( 例 let, make, see, hear, watch, notice 等 ) let sb do sth

be let to do sth

1. We often hear him sing in the next room.He ___ often ____________ in the next room.2. The boss made the workers work 14 hours a day. = The workers _________________ 14 hours a day.

is heard to sing

were made to work

注 意 事 项 之 二* 含有短语动词的主动句变为被动句时 :不要遗漏与动词连用的介词或副词。1.We should take good care of the sick child.

The sick child _________________________.

2.People listened to the speaker carefully.

The speaker ____________carefully by people.

3. His friends often laugh at him.

He _____ often ____________ by his friends.

should be taken good care of

was listened to

is laughed at

注 意 事 项 之 三* 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，直接宾语和间接宾语都可作主语。1.My friends sent me some beautiful stamps.

I ___________ some beautiful stamps by my friends.

Some beautiful stamps ____________ me by my friends.

2. We gave Mike nice gifts on his birthday.

Mike __________ nice gifts by us on his birthday.

Nice gifts ____________ Mike by us on his birthday.

was sent

were sent to

was given

were given to

用主动形式表示被动意义的常见情况1). 一些由及物动词转化而来的不及物动词加 well,easily 等副词 , 如 :clean, read, sell, wash, write, cook, cut ,need 等。e.g. 1.This shirt _________ ( clean ) easily.

2.Her novels ________ ( sell ) well.

3. The new pen ________ ( write ) well.

4. This shoes need _________(wash).

cleans

sell

writes

washing

用主动形式表示被动意义的常见情况

（ 2 ）某些感观动词和系动词加形容词作表语，如： feel, look, smell, sound, taste 等 .eg. 1. The water _______ (feel) very cold.

2. The food ______ ( taste) very delicious.

3. Your idea _______(sound) really great.

feels

tastes

sounds

用主动形式表示被动意义的常见情况

(3) 表示开始、结束、持续、发生等的动词，如： begin, close, end, open, last, happen, take place

1.The meeting _____(last) two hours yesterday.

2.Great changes ______________( take place) in the past 10 years.

3. The shop __________(close) at 6 pm.

lasted

have taken place

closes

Exercise timeExercise time1.The shop ______ (open) at half past eight in the morning. 2.Sandy __________(think) to be the best student in his class. 3.The tall man ________(see) to go into the house in his class. 4. The children _____________(take) good care of in the kindergarden. 5. This book ____________ ( cost ) you ten yuan. 6.This book ______________ ( must return) to the library on time.

opens

is thought

was seen

are taken

costmust be returned

Exercise timeExercise time7._________this song often ________(sing) by the students?

8.______the composition __________(hand) in tomorrow morning?

9. -- ________ Joan _______(give) you an English-Chinese dictionary yesterday? -- No. I ___________(give) an English-English dictionary.

10. The Chinese Communist Party ________(found) in July,1921.

Is sung

Will be handed

Did give

was given

was founded

Exercise timeExercise time注意被动语态中介词的搭配：1. All the chairs in the room are made_______wood.

2. The wine is made ________ grapes.

3. The machine was made __________ Uncle Wang.

4. This kind of bike is made____China.

5. The radio is used ____Mike ____learning English.

6. English is used____the second language in some countries.

7. Some of the letters are written _____ French.

of

from

byin

by for

as

in

1 Chinese ___by the largest number of people .A is speaking B speak C speaks D is spoken2 A new bridge __over the river last year.A is built B was built C will be built D has built3 Can you tell me whom the play ___in 1998?A was written by B was written C is written D is written4 This kind of cotton ___in south China.A produces B is produced C was produced D produced

5. Woolen clothes are used _____keeping us warm. A. of B. by C. for D. in 6. Older people must_____ politely.A. speak to B. be spoken C. be spoken to D. say to7. I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given8. Good care ____ such things.A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of 9. The boy__ streets without pay in the old days. A. was made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clean

10. The important meeting ___ on a cold morning last year.A. was has B. was held C. held D. had 11. Great changes___ in the past ten years in China.A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place 12. You can't use the computer, it____.A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down 13. What time ___ the door ___ every day?A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close 14. The apple ___very sweet. A. is tasted B. taste C. tastes D. are tasting

Fill in the blanks using right forms:

1. All the students __________(ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday.

2. Are many ways _______(try) to stop people from cutting down so many trees?

3. —What are on show in the museum? —Some photos _________(take) by American children.

4. This coat _________(wash) well.

5. Must the old people ____________(speak) to politely?

were asked

tried

taken

washes

be spoken

9. Have you found your necklace ________( 偷 ) last week?

6. I’m often _________( 警告） not to copy others’ homework.

7. He couldn’t explain why dinosaurs ___________ ( 消失 ).

8. I’ll have my bike __________________( 修理 ) tomorrow.

10. The PRC was _________( 成立 ) on October 1, 1949.

warned

disappeared

mended ／ repaired

stolen

founded