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英语不规则动词归类记忆表 初中英语不规则动词表(一)
一、AAA型(原形→原形→原形)
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
read read read 读
cut cut cut 切,割
let let let 让
put put put 放
cost cost cost 花费,值
hit hit hit 撞,击
set set set 安排,安置
hurt hurt hurt 使⋯伤痛
二、ABA型(原形→过去式→原形)
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
become became become 成为
come came come 来
run ran run 跑
三、ABC型
1. ow →ew →own
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
blow blew blown 吹
draw drew drawn 画
grow grew grown 生长
know knew known 知道
fly flew flown 飞
2. i→a →u
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
begin began begun 开始
drink drank drunk 喝
2
sing sang sung 唱
swim swam swum 游泳
ring rang rung 打电话
3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
wear wore worn 穿
forget forgot forgotten 忘记
speak spoke spoken 说
freeze froze frozen 冻
choose chose chosen 选择
4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
eat ate eaten 吃
forbid forbade forbidden 禁止
give gave given 给
ride rode ridden 骑
see saw seen 看见
write wrote written 写
fall fell fallen 落下
5. 无规律
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
am/is was been 是
are were been 是
do did done 做
go went gone 走
take took taken 拿
四、ABB型
1. 原形→ought →ought
3
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
bring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买
fight fought fought 打架
think thought thought 思考
2. 原形→aught →aught
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
catch caught caught 捉,抓
teach taught taught 教
3. 变其中一个元音字母
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
feed fed fed 喂
meet met met 遇见
get got got 得到
hold held held 拥有
babysit babysat babysat 临时照看
sit sat sat 坐
win won won 赢
find found found 发现
4. 原形→□lt→□lt
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
feel felt felt 感到
keep kept kept 保持
leave left left 离开
sleep slept slept 睡
sweep swept swept 扫
5. 变其中一个辅音字母
4
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
build built built 建造
hear heard heard 听见
make made made 制造
mean meant meant 意思
send sent sent 送,寄
spend spent spent 花费
deal dealt dealt 处理
6.辅音字母和元音字母都变
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
have had had 有,吃
lay lain lain 放
lose lost lost 丢失
pay paid paid 付钱
say said said 说
sell sold sold 卖
tell told told 告诉
stand stood stood 站
五、AAB型
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
beat beat beaten 打败
六、有两种形式
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
bore born bear
bore borne 生
hanged hanged 吊死 hang
hung hung 挂
learned learned learn
learnt learnt 学
lie lied lied 说谎
5
lay lain 躺
showed showed show
showed shown 给⋯看
spelled spelled spell
spelt spelt 拼写
burned burned burn
burnt burnt 烧
smelled smelled smell
smelt smelt 闻
shined shined shine
shone shone 照耀
dreamed dreamed dream
dreamt dreamt 做梦
waked waked wake
woke woken 醒
hid hid hide
hid hidden 躲藏
七、情态动词
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
can could ∕ 能
may might ∕ 也许
must ∕ ∕ 必须
shall should ∕ 将要
will would ∕ 会
初中英语不规则动词表(二)
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
am/is was been 是
are were been 是
6
babysit babysat babysat 临时照看
bear bore born 生
bear bore borne 生
beat beat beaten 打败
become became become 成为
begin began begun 开始
blow blew blown 吹
bring brought brought 带来
build built built 建造
burn burned burned 烧
burn burnt burnt 烧
buy bought bought 买
can could ∕ 能
catch caught caught 捉,抓
choose chose chosen 选择
come came come 来
cost cost cost 花费,值
cut cut cut 切,割
deal dealt dealt 处理
dig dug dug 挖
do did done 做
draw drew drawn 画
dream dreamed dreamed 做梦
dream dreamt dreamt 做梦
drink drank drunk 喝
drive drove driven 驾驶
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下
feed fed fed 喂
feel felt felt 感到
7
fight fought fought 打架
find found found 发现
fly flew flown 飞
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
forbid forbade forbidden 禁止
forget forgot forgotten 忘记
freeze froze frozen 冻
get got got 得到
give gave given 给
go went gone 走
grow grew grown 生长
hang hanged hanged 吊死
hang hung hung 挂
have had had 有,吃
hear heard heard 听见
hide hid hid 躲藏
hide hid hidden 躲藏
hit hit hit 撞,击
hold held held 拥有
hurt hurt hurt 使⋯伤痛
keep kept kept 保持
know knew known 知道
lay lain lain 放
learn learned learned 学
learn learnt learnt 学
leave left left 离开
lend lent lent 把⋯借给
8
let let let 让
lie lied lied 说谎
lie lay lain 躺
lose lost lost 丢失
make made made 制造
may might ∕ 也许
mean meant meant 意思
meet met met 遇见
must ∕ ∕ 必须
pay paid paid 付钱
put put put 放
read read read 读
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
ride rode ridden 骑
ring rang rung 打电话
run ran run 跑
say said said 说
see saw seen 看见
sell sold sold 卖
send sent sent 送,寄
set set set 安排,安置
shall should ∕ 将要
shine shined shined 照耀
shine shone shone 照耀
show showed showed 给⋯看
show showed shown 给⋯看
sing sang sung 唱
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sit sat sat 坐
sleep slept slept 睡
smell smelled smelled 闻
smell smelt smelt 闻
speak spoke spoken 说
spell spelled spelled 拼写
spell spelt spelt 拼写
spend spent spent 花费
stand stood stood 站
sweep swept swept 扫
swim swam swum 游泳
take took taken 拿
teach taught taught 教
tell told told 告诉
think thought thought 思考
wake waked waked 醒
wake woke woken 醒
wear wore worn 穿
will would ∕ 会
win won won 赢
write wrote written 写
英语不规则动词过去式、过去分词
一般过去式构成: 表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式变化如
下:
一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如: worked played wanted acted 以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如:
lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
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以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如: studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如: stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped
注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。 go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew
英语不规则动词过去式、过去分词表
be ( am, is, are )(是)was, were been
(1)AAA型 cost(花费)cost cost
cut(割) cut cut hit(打) hit hit hurt 伤害) hurt hurt
let(让)let let put(放)put put read /1:/(读)read /e/ read /e/
(2) 只有过去式,没有过去分词
Can could May might Must must
Will would Shall should
(3) ABA型
become(变成)became become come(来)came come
run(跑)ran run
(4) ABB型
dig(挖)dug dug get(得到)got got hang(吊死)hanged hanged
hang(悬挂)hung hung hold(抓住)held held shine(照耀)shone shone sit(坐) sat sat win (赢)won won meet(遇见)met met keep (保持)kept kept sleep(睡)slept slept
sweep(扫)swept swept feel(感觉)felt felt smell(闻)smelt smelt leave(离开)left left build(建设)built built lend(借出)lent lent send (传送)sent sent spend(花费)spent spent lose (丢失)lost lost burn (燃烧)burnt burnt learn(学习)learnt learnt
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mean(意思是)meant meant catch(抓住)caught caught teach(教)taught taught bring(带来)brought brought fight (战斗)fought fought buy(买)bought bought think(想)thought thought hear (听见)heard heard sell(卖)sold sold
tell(告诉)told told say(说)said said find(找到)found found have/has(有)had had make(制造)made made stand(站)stood stood understand明白understood understood
其中 feel 感觉;learn学习;burn燃烧;hang(只有做“吊死”意思时)还可以直接+ed变过去时和过去分词 (5) ABC型
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begin(开始)began begun drink(喝) drank drunk ring(铃响) rang rung sing (唱) sang sung swim(游泳)swam swum blow(吹) blew blown draw(画) drew drawn fly(飞) flew flown grow(生长) grew grown know(知道) knew known throw(投掷) threw thrown show(出示) showed shown break(打破) broke broken choose(选择)chose chosen forget(忘记)forgot forgotten (forgot) speak(说,讲)spoke spoken wake(醒) woke woke drive(驾驶) drove driven eat(吃) ate eaten fall(落下) fell fallen give(给) gave given rise(升高) rose risen take(取) took taken mistake(弄错)mistook mistaken ride(骑) rode ridden write(写) wrote written do(做) did done go(去) went gone lie(平躺) lay lain see(看见) saw seen wear(穿) wore worn beat(跳动) beat beaten
高中英语不规则动词表
(根据高中英语教材和新课标词汇表整理)
动词原形 中文意思 过去式 过去分词
arise 出现 arose arisen
awake 醒来 awoke awaked / awoken
baby-sit 临时照顾 baby-sat baby-sat
be(am / is / are) 是 was / were been
beat 击打 beat beaten
13
become 变成 became become
begin 开始 began begun
bend 使弯曲 bent bent
bet 赌 bet bet
bite 咬 bit bitten / bit
blow 吹 blew blown
break 打破 broke broken
bring 拿来 brought brought
build 建造 built built
burn 燃烧 burnt / burned burnt / burned
buy 买 bought bought
can 能 could ×
cast 抛 cast cast
catch 捕捉 caught caught
choose 选择 chose chosen
come 来 came come
cost 花费 cost cost
cut 割 cut cut
deal 分配 dealt dealt
dig 挖 dug dug
do / does 做 did done
draw 画,拉,拖 drew drawn
dream 做梦 dreamed / dreamt dreamed / dreamt
drink 喝 drank drunk
drive 驾驶 drove driven
eat 吃 ate eaten
fall 掉落 fell fallen
feed 喂 fed fed
feel 触摸 felt felt
fight 作战 fought fought
find 找出 found found
fly 飞 flew flown
forbid 禁止 forbade / forbad forbidden
forget 忘记 forgot forgot / forgotten
forgive 原谅 forgave forgiven
freeze 结冰 froze frozen
14
get 得到 got got
give 给 gave given
go 去 went gone
grow 成长 grew grown
hang 挂 / 绞死 hung / hanged hung / hanged
have / has 有 had had
hear 听到 heard heard
hide 隐藏 hid hidden / hid
hit 打 hit hit
hold 拿住 held held
hurt 受伤 hurt hurt
keep 保持 kept kept
know 知道 knew known
lay 放置 laid laid
lead 引导 led led
learn 学习 learnt / learned learnt / learned
leave 离开 left left
lend 借贷 lent lent
let 让 let let
lie 躺 lay lain
light 点着 lit / lighted lit / lighted
lose 遗失 lost lost
make 制作 made made
may 可以 might ×
mean 表…意思 meant meant
meet 遇到 met met
mistake 误认 mistook mistaken
misunderstand 误会 misunderstood misunderstood
pay 支付 paid paid
prove 证明 proved proved / proven
put 放置 put put
quit 放弃 quit / quitte quit / quitted
read 读 read read
rebuild 改建 rebuilt rebuilt
retell 复述 retold retold
rid 免除 rid / ridded rid / ridded
15
ride 骑 rode ridden
rise 上升 rose risen
run 跑 ran run
saw 锯 sawed sawed / sawn
say 说 said said
see 看 saw seen
seek 寻觅 sought sought
sell 卖 sold sold
send 送 / 寄 sent sent
set 安置 set set
sew 缝合 sewed sewn / sewed
shake 摇 shook shaken
shall 将 should ×
shine 发光 shone shone
擦亮 shined shined
shoot 放(炮) shot shot
show 显露 showed showed / shown
sing 唱歌 sang sung
sink 下沉 sank / sunk sunk / sunken
sit 坐 sat sat
sleep 睡 slept slept
smell 发出气味 smelt smelt
sow 种植 sowed sown / sowed
speak 说 spoke spoken
spell 拼写 spelt / spelled spelt / spelled
spend 花费 spent spent
spit 吐出 spat / spit spat / spit
spring 跳跃 sprang / sprung sprung
stand 站立 stood stood
steal 偷 stole stolen
sweep 打扫 swept swept
swim 游泳 swam swum
take 拿 took taken
teach 教 taught taught
tear 撕裂 tore torn
tell 告诉 told told
16
think 思考 thought thought
throw 投 / 扔 threw thrown
understand 了解 understood understood
wake 醒着 woke / waked waked / woken
wear 穿着 wore worn
wet 淋湿 wet / wetted wet / wetted
will 将 would ×
win 获胜 won won
write 书写 wrote written
高中英语不规则动词表 (根据2008高考英语大纲和新课标词汇表整理) 动词原形 中文意思 过去式 过去分词 arise 出现 arose arisen awake 醒来 awoke awaked / awoken baby-sit * 临时照顾 baby-sat baby-sat be(am/is/are) 是 was / were been beat 击打 beat beaten become 变成 became become begin 开始 began begun bend 使弯曲 bent bent bet 赌 bet bet bite 咬 bit bitten / bit blow 吹 blew blown break 打破 broke broken bring 拿来 brought brought broadcast 广播 broadcast/broadcasted broadcast/broadcasted build 建造 built built burn 燃烧 burnt / burned burnt / burned buy 买 bought bought can 能 could × cast 抛 cast cast catch 捕捉 caught caught choose 选择 chose chosen come 来 came come cost 花费 cost cost cut 割 cut cut deal 分配 dealt dealt dig 挖 dug dug do / does 做 did done draw 画,拉,拖 drew drawn
17
dream 做梦 dreamt / dreamed dreamt / dreamed drink 喝 drank drunk drive 驾驶 drove driven eat 吃 ate eaten fall 掉落 fell fallen feed 喂 fed fed feel 触摸 felt felt fight 作战 fought fought find 找出 found found ( found 建立 founded founded ) fly 飞 flew flown forbid 禁止 forbade / forbad forbidden forget 忘记 forgot forgotten / forgot forgive 原谅 forgave forgiven freeze 结冰 froze frozen get 得到 got got give 给 gave given go 去 went gone grow 成长 grew grown hang 悬挂 hung hung 绞死 hanged hanged have / has 有 had had hear 听到 heard heard hide 隐藏 hid hidden / hid hit 打 hit hit hold 拿住 held held hurt 受伤 hurt hurt keep 保持 kept kept know 知道 knew known lay 铺,放,下蛋 laid laid lead 引导 led led learn 学习 learnt / learned learnt / learned leave 离开 left left lend 借贷 lent lent let 让 let let lie 躺,位于 lay lain (lie 撒谎 lied lied ) light 点着 lit / lighted lit / lighted lose 遗失 lost lost make 制作 made made may 可以 might × mean 意思是 meant meant meet 碰到 met met mistake 误认 mistook mistaken
18
misunderstand 误会 misunderstood misunderstood pay 支付 paid paid prove * 证实 proved proved / proven put 放置 put put quit * 放弃 quit / quitted quit / quitted read 读 read read rebuild 改建 rebuilt rebuilt retell * 复述 retold retold rid 免除 rid / ridded rid / ridded ride 骑 rode ridden ring 打电话,响铃 rang rung rise 上升 rose risen run 跑 ran run saw * 锯 sawed sawed / sawn say 说 said said see 看 saw seen seek * 寻觅 sought sought sell 卖 sold sold send 送 / 寄 sent sent set 安置 set set sew 缝合 sewed sewn / sewed shake 摇 shook shaken shall 将 should × shave 刮(胡子) shave shaved / shaven shine 发光 shone shone 擦亮 shined shined shoot 放(炮) shot shot show 显露 showed shown / showed shrink 缩水 shrank / shrunk shrunk sing 唱歌 sang sung sink 下沉 sank sunk sit 坐 sat sat sleep 睡 slept slept smell 发出气味 smelt / smelled smelt / smelled sow 种植 sowed sown / sowed speak 说 spoke spoken spell * 拼写 spelt / spelled spelt / spelled spend 花费 spent spent spit * 吐出 spat / spit spat / spit spring * 跳跃,弹跳 sprang / sprung sprung stand 站立 stood stood steal 偷 stole stolen stick 刺,粘贴 stuck stuck strike 撞,击,(病、灾难)袭击 struck struck / stricken
19
swear 发誓,咒骂 swore sworn sweep 打扫 swept swept swell 肿胀 swelled swollen swim 游泳 swam swum take 拿 took taken teach 教 taught taught tear 撕裂 tore torn tell 告诉 told told think 思考 thought thought throw 投 / 扔 threw thrown understand 了解 understood understood undertake 承担,从事,许诺 undertook undertaken wake 醒着 woke woken wear 穿着 wore worn wet * 淋湿 wet / wetted wet / wetted will 将 would × win 获胜 won won wind 蜿蜒,缠绕,上发条 wound wound ( wound 受伤 wounded wounded ) write 书写 wrote written
英语不规则动词原型、过去式、过去分词表 动词原型--------过去式---------过去分词---------------中文 词性
1. bear bore born / borne v. 负担 , 忍受 , 带
给 , 具有 , 挤 , 向 n. 熊 n.令人讨厌的人, adj.天生的,原本, adj.由...运载的,
怒潮, 枪膛, 孔 天生就...的 装在...上的, v. 使烦扰, 钻孔 钻孔 以...为基地的
2. beat beat beaten /beat v. 打 , 打败 n. 敲打 ,
拍子 , 巡逻区域 n.挫败 adj. 打败了的
3. become became become vi. 变成 , 成为 , 变得
vt. 适合 , 相称
4 begin began begun v. 开始 , 首先
5. bet bet /betted bet /betted v. 赌 , 赌钱 n.
赌 , 打赌
6.blow blew blown v. 吹,风吹 n. 吹,打击,
殴打
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adj. 吹制的, 喘气的, 开花的
7. break broke broken v. 打破,弄破,弄坏 n. 休
息,中断,破裂
adj. 一文不名的 adj. 坏掉的, 患病的, 被制服的, 断掉的
8. bring brought brought vt. 拿来 , 带来 , 产生 , 引起 , 提
出 (诉讼 ) vi. 停下
9. build built built v. 建造 , 建筑 n. 构造 , 体格 ,
体形 adj. 建造成的, 组合的, 拼成的; [俚]体型美的
10. burn burned/burnt burned/burnt v. 烧 , 烧焦 , 点 (灯 ), 使感觉烧热
n. 烧伤 , 灼伤 burned adj. 焦头烂额
burnt burnt adj. 赭色的 , 比原来颜色较深的
11. buy bought bought v. 买 n. 购买 , 买卖
adj. 买来的
12. catch caught caught v. 捕获 , 赶上 (车船等 ), 发觉 , 感染
(疾病)vi. 抓住,燃着 n. 捕捉 , 捕获物 , (窗 )钩
13. choose chose chosen v. 选择 , 选定
n. 动产 adj. 挑选出来的; 精选的; 纯良的
14. come came come vi. 来 , 来临 , 到达 , 出现 , 来
(自 ), 出生 (于 ), 开始 int. 嗨 !
15 cost cost cost vt. 价值为 , (使 )花费 (金钱 ,时间 ,劳力等 ), 使
失去 (生命 ,健康等 ), 令人付出 vi. 花费 n. 成本 , 价钱 , 代价
16. cut cut cut v. 切 (割、削 ), (直线等 )相交 , 剪 , 截 , 刺穿 , 刺
痛 , 删节 , 开辟 n. (刀、剑、鞭等的)切削 , 削减 , 删节 , 伤口 ,
切口
17. deal dealt dealt vi. 处理 , 应付 , 做生意 vt. 分配 , 分
给 (out), 发牌 , 给予
21
n. 交易 , (政治上的 )密约 , 待遇 , 份量 , <口> 买卖
18. dig dug dug v. 掘 , 挖 , 钻研 , 搜集
19. dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt v. 做梦 , 梦见 ,
梦想 , 想到 n. 梦 , 梦想
20. draw drew drawn v. 拉 , 曳 , 牵 , 画 , 绘制 , 拖曳 vt. 汲
取 , 领取 , 提取 , 引起 , 吸引 adj. 拔出的 vi. 向 ...移动 , 挨近 n. 平局 , 和局 , 拖曳
21. drink drank drunk v. 喝 , 喝酒 , (植物、土壤等的 )
吸水 , 举杯庆贺 adj. 喝醉了的 n. 饮料 , 酒 , 酗酒 , 一口 (或一些 )饮料
22. drive drove driven vt. 开车 , 驱赶 , 推动、发动(机器
等 ), 驾驶 (马车 ,汽车等 ) n. 畜群 adj. 受到驱策的 vi.开车 ,猛击 ,飞跑
n. 驾车 ,驱动器 ,快车道 ,推进力 ,驱使 ,动力 ,干劲 ,击球
23. eat ate eaten v.吃 , 腐蚀
24. fall fell fallen vi. 倒下 , 落下 , 来临 , 失守 ,
变成 , 垮台 , 下跌 , 阵亡 n.一季所伐的木材, adj.倒下的,伐倒的, vt. <美> <英方> 击倒 , 砍倒 (树木 ) 兽皮,羊毛 伏地的, 堕落的, n. 秋天 , 落下 , 瀑布 , 降低 , 落差 , 采伐量 , 堕落 , 下降 adj.凶猛的,可怕的 落下来的, 陷落的 adj. 秋天的
25. feed fed fed vt. 喂养 , 饲养 , 放牧 , 靠 ...
为生 n.常作Fed ][美俚]联邦调查局人员; vi.吃东西 ,流入 n.饲养 ,饲料 ,(动物或婴儿的 )一餐 联邦政府工作人员
26. feel felt felt vt. 摸 , 触 , 试探 , 感觉 , 觉
得 , 触摸 , 以为 n. 毡, 毡制品, (造纸用的)毛布 vi.有知觉 ,(人 )有某种感觉 ,摸索 ,同情 n.感觉 ,觉得 ,触摸
22
vt.把...制成毡,使粘结 vi. 粘结
27. fight fought fought vi. 打仗 ,搏斗 ,对抗 ,打架 vt.与 ...
打仗 ,指挥战斗 ,反对 ...提案 n. 打架 , 战斗 , 斗志
28. find found found vt. 找到 , 发现 , 感到 , 查
明 , 得到 , 认为 , 见到 ...的存在 v. 建立,创立,创办,使有根据,铸造,熔制 vi. 裁决 n. 发现 adj.(文艺作品等)找到的,拾得的,自然形态的
(不是创作的,而是由艺术家对天然物或已有的文字材料加工完成的)
29. fly flew flown vi. 飞翔 , 飘扬 , 溃逃 vt. 飞越 ,
使飘扬 , 逃脱 adj. 陶瓷)涂有晕色的 n. 苍蝇 ,两翼昆虫 ,飞行 adj. [俚 ]敏捷的 ; 敏锐的 ; 伶俐的 ; 活泼的
30. forget forgot forgotten /forgot vt. 忘记 , 忽略
vi. 忘记 , 忘形 , 忘乎所以 adj. 被忘却的
31. get got gotten /got vt. 获得 ,变成 ,收获 ,使得 ,挣得 ,受
到 (惩罚 ,打击等 ),染上 ,抓住 n. 采完报废的煤矿 vi. 到达 , 成为 , 变得 n. 生殖 , 幼兽
32. give gave given vt. 给 , 授予 , 供给 , 献出 , 让步 ,
引起 , 发表 , 捐助 adj.赠予的,沉溺的,特定的,假设的 vi. 捐赠 , 让步 n. 弹性 , 可弯性
33. go went gone vi. 离去, 走, 进行, 变成, 趋于,
达到, 求助于, 诉诸 adj.离去的,死去的,深重的,入迷的,用光的 vt. 以 ...打赌 , 忍受 ,
出产 n. 去 , 进行
34. grow grew grown vi. 生长 , 成长 , 渐渐变得 , 增长 ,
增高 vt. 种植 , 栽培 , 培育 adj.长大的,成年的,长满某物的
35. hang hung hung vt. 悬挂 , 附着 , 装饰 , 绞死 , 踌躇 ,
使悬而未决 , 垂下 hang hanged hanged vi. 悬着 ,垂下 ,被绞死 ,悬而不决 n.悬挂的方式 , 动作的暂停 ,中止
23
36. hear heard heard vt. 听到 , 听说 , 听取 , 审理 , 允许
vi. 听见 , 听到
37. hide hid hidden /hid v. 剥 ...的皮 , 痛打 , 隐藏 , 掩藏 ,
隐瞒 , 掩饰 n. 兽皮 , 皮革 adj.隐藏的;神秘的
38. hit hit hit vt. 打 , 打击 , 碰撞 , 击中 , 袭击 ,
偶然发现 , 伤 ...的感情 , 找到 vi. 打 , 打中 , 打击 , 碰撞 , 偶然碰上 n. 打击 , 打 , 碰撞 , 讽刺 , (演出等 )成功
39. hold held held vt. 拿着 , 保存 , 支持 , 占据 , 持
有 , 拥有 vi. 支持 , 保持 , 有效 n. (工具)柄榫头 n. 控制 , 保留
40. hurt hurt hurt v. 刺痛 , 伤害 , (使 )痛心 , (使 )伤
感情 , 危害 , 损害 , 受伤 n. 伤痛 , 伤害
41. keep kept kept vt. 保持 , 保存 , 遵守 , 经营 , 看
守 , 拘留 , 维持 , 记 (日记 ,帐等 ) adj. 受人资助控制的 vi. 保持 , 继续不断 n. 保持 , 保养 , 生计 , 监狱 , [史 ]要塞
42. know knew known v. 知道 , 了解 , 认识 , 熟悉 , 认
出 , 分辨 , 确信 adj. 知名的, 大家知道的
43. lead led led vt. 领导 , 引导 , 致使 vi. 领导 , (道路
等 )通向 , 导致 , 用水砣测深 adj. 受指导的, 受控制的; n. 领导 , 领先 , 导线 , 铅 , (自船上测海水深度的 )铅陲 , 石墨 , 铅笔芯 被牵着走的
44. lay laid laid vt. 放置 , 铺设 , 产 (卵 )提出 , 平
息 , 布置 adj. 世俗的 , 外行的 adj. 松弛的; 自在的; 从容不迫的 vi. 下蛋 , 打赌 n. 位置 , 层面 , 形势 , 短叙事诗
45. learn learned learned vi. 学习 , 听到 , 获悉 vt.
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学习 , 学会 , 认识到 adj. 有学问的, 学术上的
learn learnt learnt vi. 学习 , 听到 , 获悉 vt.
学习 , 学会 , 认识到
46. leave left left vt. 离开 ,动身 ,剩下 ,遗忘 ,委托 ,遗
弃 vi. 出发 ,离开 ,生叶 ,动身 adj.左边的,左倾的,左侧的,左派的,左翼的 n. 许可 , 同意 , 请假 , 休假 adv. 在左面 n. 左, 左边, 左派
47. lend lent lent vt. 借给 , 贷 (款 ), 借出 给予 ; 增添
适宜于 借助 , 提供
48. let let let vt. 假设 , 出租 , 允许 , 排放 , 让 ...进
入 (或通过 ), 妨碍 阻碍 , 防守 vi. 出租 , (工程等 )被承包 n. 出租屋 , 障碍
49. lie lay lain vi. 躺 , 平放 , 展现 , 展开 , 位于 v.
说谎 , 躺 n. 谎话 , 谎言 vt.放置,铺设,产(卵)提出,平息,布置 vi. 下蛋,打赌 adj.世俗的, 外行的 n.位置, 层面, 形势, 短叙事诗
50. light lit /lighted lit /lighted vi. 点着 , 变亮 n. 光 , 日光 ,
发光体 , 灯 adv. 轻地 adj. 照亮的, 点着的 vbl.点燃 adj. 轻的 , 发光的 , 明亮的 , 浅的vt.点燃 , 照亮
51. lose lost lost vt. 遗失 , 浪费 , 错过 , 输去 , 使失
去 , 使迷路 , 使沉溺于 adj. 失去的, 丧失的, vi. 受损失 , 失败 错过的, 迷惑的, 不为人知的
52. make made made vt. 制造 , 安排 , 使成为 , 认为 ,
产生 , 获得 , 进行 , 构成 adj.已制成的,人工制造的,成功的,虚构的 vi. 开始 , 前进 , 增大 , 被制造 , 被处理 n. 制造 , 构造 , 性情
53. mean meant meant vt.意谓 ,想要 ,预定 vi.用意 ,有
意义 n. 平均数 , 中间 , 中庸 adj.低劣的 ,卑鄙的 ,普通的 ,吝啬的 ,简陋的 ,平均的 ,惭愧的 ,不舒服的
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54. meet met met vt. 遇见 ,(迎 )接 ,与 (某人目光 )相遇 ,(赴约 )和 ...
会面 ,(经介绍 )与 ...相识 ,对付 adj. 气象的 大城市的 vi. 相遇 , 接触 n. 会 , 集会 adj. 适宜的 , 合适的
55. mistake mistook mistaken v. 弄错 , 误解 ,
把 ...误认为 n. 错误 , 过失 adj.犯错的,错误的;误解的
56. pay paid paid v. 支付 , 交纳 , 给予 , 有利 , 值得 ,
合算 n. 薪水 , 工资 adj. 支薪金的; 受雇用的 已付的, 付清的
57. put put put vt. 放 , 摆 , 安置 , 表达 , 迫使 , 移
动 , 提出 , 赋予 adj. 固定不动的 vi. 出发 , 航行 , 发芽 , 击 n. 掷 , 投击 , 笨蛋 , 怪人 58. read read (sounds like "red") read (sounds like "red")
read read read v. 读 , 阅读 , 理解 , 学习 adj. 有学问
的 n. 读取
59.rend rent rent v. 撕碎 vt. 割裂 , 使分裂
v.租,租借,出租 n. 租金
60. rise rose risen vi. 升起 , 起身 , 发源 , 起义 , 高耸 ,
增长 , 上升 , 复活 n.蔷薇属,玫瑰, adj. 升起的 vt. 使飞起 n. 上升 , 增加 , 上涨 , 高地 , 小山 , 发生 , 出现 玫瑰红
61. ride rode ridden v. 骑 , 乘 n. 骑 , 乘
adj.受支配的;受压迫的
62. ring rang rung vt. 包围 , 套住 , 按铃 , 敲钟 vi. 成环
形 , 响 , 鸣 , 敲钟 , 回响 , 按铃 n. 地位, 横档 n. 环 , 环形物 , 环状 , 铃声 , 声调 , 打电话 , 拳击场
63. run ran run vi. 跑 , 奔 , 逃跑 , 竞选 , 跑步 , 蔓延 , 进
行 , 行驶 vt. 使跑 , 参赛 , 追究 , 使流 , 管理 ,
26
运行 , 开动 n. 跑 , 赛跑 , 奔跑 , 运转 , 趋向 adj. 熔化的 , 融化的 , 浇铸的
64. saw sawed sawed/sawn v. 锯 n. 锯 锯子
65. say said said v. 说 , 讲 , 背诵 , 念 , 表示 , 比方
说 , 假定 adj. 上述的,该… n. 话语 , 想说的意见 , 发言权
66. see saw seen v. 看 , 看见 , 了解 , 领会 , 注意 ,
留心 , 经历 , 阅历 v. 锯 adj. 看得见 n. 主教的辖区 主教的职权 n.锯 锯子 [古]懂得;熟悉的;精通的
67. sell sold sold v. 出售 , 卖 [常用被动语态 ]欺骗 ,
使失望 [美 ]宣传 , 使赞成 , 劝使接受 [同意 ]
68. send sent sent vt. 送 , 寄 , 发送 , 派遣 , 打发 n.
【航海】波浪的推力,船的纵摇
69. set set set v. 放 ,置 ,移动到 ,使 (人或事物处于某种
状态 ),提出 ,树立 ,规定 ,调整 n. 一套 , 一副 , 一批 , 接受机 , 装置 , 趋势 , 布景 ,一组 adj. 固定的 , 规定的 , 坚决的 , 固执的 , 事先做好的
70. sew sewed sewn /sewed v. 缝制 , 缝纫 , 缝合
adj. 俚]筋疲力尽的 [俚]大醉的
71.shake shook shaken v. 摇动 , 摇 , 颤抖 , 震动 n. 摇
动 , 摇 , 颤抖 , 震动
72. shine shined/shone shined/shone v. 照耀 , 发光 vt. 擦亮
n. 光泽 , 光亮
73. shoe shod shod v. 穿 ...鞋 n. 鞋 , 鞋子
adj. 穿着鞋的
74. shoot shot shot vt. 射击 , 投射 , 伸出 , 拍摄 ,
27
用完 , 挥出 , 给 ...注射 , 使爆炸 n.开枪,射击,子弹,炮弹 vi. 射出 , 射击 , 发出 , 发芽 , 射门 , 拍电影 adj. 发射出去的;被射中的; n. 射击 , 发射 , 摄影 , 急流 发了芽的 丸粒状的
75. show showed shown /showed v. 出示 , 指示 , 引导 , 说
明 , 显示 , 展出 , 放映 n. 表示 , 展览 , 炫耀 , 外观 , 假装
76. shut shut shut v. 关上 , 闭上 , 关闭
77.sink sank /sunk sunk / sunken vi. 沉下 ,
(使 )下沉 , 沉没 adj.凹陷的,情绪低落的 n. 水槽 ,
水池,接收器
78. sing sang sung v. 唱 , 演唱 vi.歌唱 ; 唱歌似
地鸣叫 ; 耳鸣
79. sit sat sat v. (使 )就座 , (使 )坐
n. (Sat) 星期六(=Saturday) sit =spontaneous ignition temperature 自燃点, 自燃温度
80. sleep slept slept vi. 睡 , 睡觉 n. 睡
眠
81. smell smelled/smelt smelled/smelt v. 嗅 , 闻到 , 散发 (...
的 )气味 , 有 (...的 )气味 n. [鱼]胡瓜鱼 n. 气味 , 臭味 , 嗅觉 vt. 精炼, 冶炼
82. speak spoke spoken v.说话 ,谈话 ,说明事实 ,表示
意见 ,发言 ,演讲 ,操 (某种语言 ) n.轮辐,扶梯棍,刹车 adj. 口头的,口语的 v. 装辐于, 刹车
83. spell spelled/spelt spelled/spelt vt. 拼写 , 拼成 , 意味着 ,
轮值 , 招致 , 迷住 n.斯佩耳特小麦 vi. 轮替 , 拼字 n. 符咒 , 魅力 , 一段时间 , 轮班
84. spend spent spent v. 花费 , 消耗 , 用尽 vt. 度
28
过 , 消磨 adj. 用尽的, 精疲力尽的, 失去效能的
85. spring sprang /sprung sprung vi., vt. 跳,跳跃;
跃起 adj. [口]醉醺醺的; 已被弄松的 n. 春季 , 春天 ,青春 ,初
期 ,跳跃 ,跳起 , 弹回 ,弹性 [力 ], 活力 , 弹簧 ,发条 ,泉 ;源
泉 , [常用复 ]根源 , 动机 , 原动力 [pl. ]大潮期 , 裂缝 , 裂开 ;【航海】倒缆 , (甲板的 )上翘 , 转向锚索 ;【建】起拱点 [面 ]
86. stand stood stood v. 站 ,立 ,站起 ,(使 )竖立 , (使 )位于 ,
维持不变 ,持久 ,经受 n. 停止 , 抵抗的状态 , 立场 , 立足点 , 看台 , 架子 , 台
87. steal stole stolen v. 偷 , 窃取 , 偷窃 , 偷盗
n.女用披肩,圣衣,长巾 adj.偷得的;偷走的
88. stick stuck stuck v. 粘住 , 粘贴 vt. 刺 , 戳
n. 棍 , 棒 , 手杖 adj.粘在(上面);遇到困难(干不下去)
89. sweep swept swept v. 扫 , 打扫 , 清扫 , 席卷 ,
冲光 , 扫过 , 掠过 adj. [电子]扫频的, (飞机)有后掠翼的
90. swim swam swum vi.游泳 , 游 , 漂浮 , 旋转 , 覆盖 ,
充溢 , 眩晕 , 浸 vt. 游过 , 使浮起 n. 游泳 , 漂浮 , 潮流 , 眼花 adj. 游泳时穿戴的
91. take took taken v. 拿 , 拿走 , 取 , 抓 , 占领 , 获
得 , 接受 , 感受 n. 捕获量
92. teach taught taught v. 讲授 , 教授
93. tear tore torn vi. 流泪 , 撕破 , 猛冲 , 飞奔 , 被
撕破 n. 牧场高原 vt. 扯 , 撕 , 撕破 , 戳破 , 拉掉 , 折磨 , 使分裂 , 撕掉
29
n. 破处 , 破缝 , 泪滴 , 眼泪 , 扯 , 飞奔 , 激怒 [常用复 ]眼泪 , 泪珠
94. tell told told vt. 告诉 , 说 , 吩咐 , 断定 , 知道
vi. 讲述 , 泄密 , 告发 , 表明 , 作证 n. <方> 讲的事 , 传闻
95. think thought thought v. 想 , 思索 , 认为 vt. 认为 , 以
为 , 预料 n.思考,想法,思想,思潮,关心,关怀,挂念
96. throw threw thrown v. 扔 , 抛 , (指马 )把骑者摔在地
上 , 使苦恼 , 惊忧 , 投掷 n. 投 , 掷 97.understand understood understood v. 懂 ,了解 ,听说 ,推定 ,以为 ,省略 adj.被充分理解的 取得同意的 不言自明的 事先知道的
98. wake woke /waked woken /waked vt. 叫醒 , 激发 vi.
醒来 , 醒着 , 警觉 , 振奋 n. 醒 , 守夜 , 尾迹 , (人 , 车等经过的 )痕迹 , 守丧
99. wear wore worn vt. 穿 , 戴,佩 , 留着 (胡须
等 ) adj.用旧的,疲倦的
100. win won won v. (获 )胜 , 赢得 , 劝诱 , 取
得胜利 vt. [英方 ]把 (草等 )吹干 [烘干 ] n. 赢 , 胜利
101. wind wound wound v. 绕 , 缠 , 上发条 , 旋
紧 vt. 吹 (号角等 ); 吹响号角 n. 创伤, 伤口vt. 伤, 伤寒v. 击伤 n. 风
102. wring wrung wrung v. 绞 , 扭 , 榨取 , 强求 ,
折磨 , 扭绞 adj. 心中有烦恼的 n. 绞 , 挤 , 榨 , 扭动
103.write wrote written vt. 书写 , 著述 , 写 , 写满 ,
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写信给 vi. 写 , 写字 , 写信 , 写作 , 作曲
英语情态动词动词原型、过去式
1.can 2.could
vt. 装进罐中, 把食品装罐 [常用于从句中](过去、当时)能够, 得以 n. 罐头, 铁罐 [用于虚拟语气中, 表示相反的假设]能, 本来可以 conj. 能, 可以 [表示可能性]能, 可能, 可以 [用于委婉语气]能, 可以
3.may 4.might
aux. 可能, 也许, 可以, 祝, 愿 n. 力量, 威力, 权力, 能, 可能 aux. 可以 n. (May) 五月, 能, 可能 v., aux [在陈述句中为 may 的过去式,表示一般的可能性]可以,或许;可能 【植】山楂花 [表示现在或将来不太确实的可能性]也许, 或许; 可能
[用于疑问和建议时语气比 may 更加委婉, 谦虚]可以 [表示愿望、祝愿、请求, 嘱咐]请, 愿, 还是...好 [用于虚构条件句中]会; 可能 [用于目的状语从句中]能够 [用于从句中表示让步]虽然, 尽管, 无论
5.must
aux. 必须, 应当, 很可能, 一定, 必须, 肯定, 可以 v.aux. [无时态和人称变化, 后面接不带 to 的动词不定式] [表示义务、命令或必要]必须, 应当 【说明】过去、未来、完成等式可用 have to 的相应形式来代替, 表示推断或指具有较大的可能性]很可能; 谅必 [表示主张]一定要, 务必 [表示不可避免性或肯定性]必然要, 必定会 [表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦]偏要 n. [口]必须做的事, 必需的东西 adj. [口]绝对需要的, 不可缺的
6.need
n. 需要, 必需, 必需品, 要求, 贫困 vt. 需要 modal v.必要, 必须
31
缺乏; 穷困; 困难; 危急 [常用复]需要的东
7.shall v. aux.将, 会
v.aux. (过去时should [Fud, FEd, Fd])(shall 可缩写为 'll , shall not 常缩写为 shan't [FB:nt], 美国人常用will代替) [用于主语为第一人称单复数, 表示单纯将来] 将要, 会 用于陈述句第二、三人称, 表示说话者的意图、警告、命令、决心等, 主语的行动受讲话者支配] 必须, 应, 可
[在问句中, 征 询对方对于主语行动的意见(提供帮助, 提出建议、要求给予指示和征求意见), 主要用于第一、三人称]... 好吗? 要不要...?
[用于第三人称, 在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定]应, 必须 [在表示意图、要求等的从句中] 应该, 要 [用于将来时态的间接引语, 与直接引语中的shall相应]将
8.should v. aux.应该, 将要
v.aux. (shall 的过去式) [表示过去将来时; 常用于间接引语]将 [表示语气较强的假设]万一, 竟然 [用于第一人称时表示某种条件下会产生的结果; 用于第二、三人称时表示说话者的意愿]就, 该 [表示可能性、推测、推论]可能, 该 [表示义务、责任]应当, 应该 [表示委婉、谦逊]可, 倒 [用于表示必要、适当、惊奇、遗憾等的从句中]应该; 竟然会 [与why, who, how 等连用, 表示意外、惊异等] 竟会 [用于表示建议、命令、决定等的从句中]应该, 必须 [用于表示目的或由 lest 等引导的从句中]可以, 会; 万一 [用于让步状语从句中]即使
9.will
n. 意志, 决心, 意向, 遗嘱 v. aux.将, 愿意, 必须 v.aux. (缩写'll, 否定缩写won't, 过去式would) [表示单纯的将来时, 用于第二、三人称](第一人称的单纯将来时, 英国人用shall, 美国人用will)将(要), 会 [表示主观意志、意愿等]愿,想要,(一定)要 [表示推测]该是, 可能 [表示习惯, 经常性, 倾向性]惯于, 总是[会], 终归是 [用于疑问句, 第二、三人称, 表示询问、请求、命令]请...; ...好吗? [表示命令、指示]务必, 必须
10.would v. aux.will的过去式, 将, 愿意
v. aux. (will 的过去式) [表示过去将来时, 用于第二、三人称](第一人称英国用 should, 美国用 would) 将, 会
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[表示意愿]愿; 偏要, 肯 [表示过去的习惯动作]常常, 总是, 常,有…的习惯 [表示推测]大概, 该是 [表示某种假设的意志]想要, 愿意 [表示虚拟, 假设, 虚 构, 用于虚拟条件句的主句第二、第三人称, 美国也用于第一人称]要, 会, 就会, 将要
[表示请求或个人想法、看法, 使语气更婉转]请 [表示假想的愿望]但愿, 要是...多好 [表示能力](=could) 能 【习惯用语】
wouldrather [sooner]...than 宁愿, 宁可...也不
wouldrather do sth. 倒更希望, 更喜欢
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不规则动词相对于规则动词来说,难记得多,是最难对付的一
类词。学生难学,老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中
的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家
在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。
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cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut (细心的你一定会
发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)
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beat/beat/beaten
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come/came/come become/became/become
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run/ran/run
come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过
去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed
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(1) ������ee����e
meet/met/met feed/fed/fed
(2) ������ee����e,�������t
feel/felt/felt sleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept
(3) ����ll ����l�t
spell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smelt
spill/spilt/spilt
(4) ���������aught� ought��
catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taught
bring/brought/brought buy/bought/bought
think/thought/thought
(5) �stand��stood
stand/stood/stood understand/understood/understood
(6) �ay��aid
lay/laid/laid pay/paid/paid
say/said/said
(7) �d��t
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lend/lent/lent send/sent/sent
spend/spent/spent
build/built/built
(8) �i��a,o,u�
sit/sat/sat spit/spat/spat
win/won/won
dig/dug/dug
(9) �ell��old
tell/told/told sell/sold/sold
(10) ���t
learn/learnt/learnt mean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamt spoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11) �����������, �������, ������
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shone shine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hung hang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smelt smell/smelled/smelled
(12) ��
have(has)/had/had hear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shot lose/lost/lost
hold/held/held get/got/got(AmE gotten)
find/found/found make/made/made
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leave/left/left
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(1) ����ew�� ������own��
blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grown know/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showed draw/drew/drawn
(2)�i�a�������i�u������
begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rung sing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swum sink/sank/sunk
(3)�i�o�����������n��
drive/drove/driven write/wrote/written
rise/rose/risen ride/rode/ridden
(4) ����n������
drive/drove/driven rise/rose/risen
eat/ate/eaten fall/fell/fallen
give/gave/given
(5) �����n������
break/broke/broken choose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozen mistake/mistook/mistaken
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steal/stole/stolen speak/spoke/spoken
take/took/taken wake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)��
be/was或were/been do/did/done
forget/forgot/forgotten go/went/gone
hide/hid/hidden see/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
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wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken
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shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词:
shone/shone照耀 shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung悬挂 hanged/hanged绞死
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lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)
lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying
find 找到、发现find/found/found
found 创建,成立 found/founded/founded
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(1) come/came/come来—— go/went/gone去
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(2) give/gave/given给——get/got/got(AmE gotten)获得
(3) sleep/slept/slept睡觉——
wake/woke/woken (或woke) wake/waked/waked 醒来
(4) rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起——
fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken 沉下, (使)下沉
(5) buy/bought/bought买—— sell/sold/sold出售, 卖
(6) take/took/taken带去——bring/brought/brought 带来
(7) teach/taught/taught教——
learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned 学习、学会
(8) lose/lost/lost丢失、失败——
find/found/found找到
win/won/won赢得、(获)胜
(9) stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
(10) send/sent/sent 送、寄、发送——
get/got/got(AmE gotten)获得、收到
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(1) beat/beat/beaten .打, 打败
win/won/won赢得、获胜
(2) understand/understood/understood 懂, 了解
know/knew/known 知道, 了解, 认识
(3) get/got/got(AmE gotten)变成、成为、变得
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become/became/become 变成, 成为, 变得
go/went/gone变成
turn/turned/turned变成
(4) spend/spent/spent 花费、度过
pay/paid/paid 支付、交纳
cost/cost/cost花费、价值为
take/took/taken花费
(5) say/said/said说、讲
speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲
tell/told/told 告诉、说、吩咐、断定
talk/talked/talked谈话, 讲, 谈论, 议论
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Email: [email protected]
英语不规则动词的变化规律
时态是中学阶段的重点,也是难点,而与其息息相关的动词(尤其是不规则动词)的过去式、
过去分词的变化散乱难记,令人头疼。可仔细琢磨就不难发现它们的变化有一定的规律可循。
现将初中常见的93个不规则动词的变化规律归纳如下:
一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个)
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cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit
hurt—hurt—hurt let—let— let put—put—put
read—read—read set—set—set shut—shut—shut 二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个)
1�过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。(3个)
bring—brought—brought buy— bought—bought think—thought— thought 2�词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个)
build—built—built lend—lent— lent send—sent—sent spend—spent— spent 3.过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。(2个)
catch—caught—caught teach—taught—taught 4.把-eep变为-ept。(3个)
keep—kept—kept sleep—slept—slept sweep— swept—swept 5�把-ell变为-old。(2个)
tell—told—told sell—sold—sold 6.过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个)
smell—smelt—smelt spell—spelt—spelt feel—felt— felt spill—spilt—spilt 7.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个)
learn—learnt—learnt mean—meant—meant spoil—spoilt—spoilt 8.过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个)
say—said—said pay—paid—paid lay—laid—laid hear—heard—heard 9.改变元音字母。(11个)
meet—met—met get—got—got sit—sat—sat find— found—found
hold—held—held spit—spat—spat shine— shone—shone win—won—won
hang—hung—hung dig— dug—dug lose—lost—lost 10.改变辅音字母。(1个) make—made—made
11�改变元、辅音字母。(4个)
leave—left—left stand—stood—stood have(has)— had—had
understand—understood—understood 三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。(共35个)
1�i—a—u变化。(6个)
begin—began—begun drink—drank—drunk sing— sang—sung
ring—rang—rung swim—swam—swum sink— sank—sunk 2�词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个)
blow—blew—blown draw—drew—drawn grow— grew—grown know—knew—known throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3�词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字
母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外)
drive—drove—driven write—wrote—written
ride— rode—ridden rise—rose—risen 4�过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个)
break—broke—broken choose—chose—chosen freeze—froze—frozen
speak—spoke—spoken wake—woke— woken 5�过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个) forget—forgot—forgotten
6�过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个)
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be—was(were)—been eat—ate—eaten fall—fell—fallen give—gave—given
see—saw—seen hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7�词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。(2个)
take—took—taken mistake—mistook—mistaken 8�原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个)
do—did—done fly—flew—flown go—went—gone
lie—lay—lain show—showed—shown wear—wore—worn 四、A—A—B型,即过去式和原形相同。(1个) beat—beat—beaten
五、A—B—A型,即过去分词和原形相同。(3个)
come—came—come become—became—become run— ran—run 六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。(4个)
can—could may—might will—would shall—should 文中6个动词的过去式和过去分词,还有一种规则变化形式。
初中英语中考复习之巧记不规则动词变化 一、 AAA型(原形、过去式与过去分词相同) 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 cost cost cost 值(多少)钱 cut cut cut 切,割,砍 fit fit fit 适合;合身 hit hit hit 伤害,伤痛 hurt hurt hurt 撞,打 let let let 让 put put put 放 read read read 读 set set set 树立;创造;落山 shut shut shut 关闭;合拢 二、 ABA型(原形与过去分词相同) 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 become became become 变为 come came come 来 run ran run 跑 三、 ABB型(过去式与去分词相同) 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 babysit babysat babysat 临时照看小孩 sit sat sat 坐 bend bent bent (使)弯曲;屈服 build built built 建筑,建造,建设 lend lent lent 把⋯⋯借给 send sent sent 寄;送 spend spent spent 花费 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learnt learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思是 feel felt felt 感觉
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smell smelt smelt 嗅 spell spelt spelt 拼写 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 fight fought fought 打架,打仗 think thought thought 想 catch caught caught 抓 teach aught taught 教 feed fed fed 喂养 lead led led 领导 pay paid paid 付款 say said said 说 stand stood stood 站 understand underatood understood 理解 sell sold sold 卖 tell told told 告诉 hang hung hung 悬挂 swing swung swung 摇摆;旋转 find found found 发现 shine shone shone 发光 lose lost lost 丢失 light lit lit (使)燃烧,点燃 dig dug dug 挖 win won won 赢 get got got 获得 hold held held 握 make made made 制造 have had had 有 hear heard heard 听见 leave left left 离开 四、ABC型(原形、过去式与过去分词不相同) 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 begin began begun 开始 drink drank drunk 饮 ring rang rung 响 sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 下沉 swim swam swum 游泳 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 种植,生长 throw threw thrown 抛,掷
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know knew known 认识;知道 fly flew flown 飞 draw drew drawn 画,拉 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 give gave given 给 hide hid hidden 躲藏 take took taken 拿走 mistake mistook mistaken 弄错 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 see saw seen 看见 show showed shown 出示,表现 drive drove driven 驾驶 rise rose risen 升 strive strove striven 努力,奋斗 ride rode ridden 骑 write wrote written 写 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 get got gotten 得到 break broke broken 打碎 choose chose chosen 选择 freeze froze frozen 结冰 speak spoke spoken 讲 wake woke woken 醒 steal stole stolen 偷 do did done 做 go went gone 去 tear tore torn 哭泣 wear wore worn 穿 lie lay lain 躺 be was/were been 是,成为 五、AAB型(原形与过去式相同) 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 beat beat beaten 打败 六、没有过去分词的动词(情态动词) 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 can could 能 shall should 将要 will would 愿,要,将,会 may might 可以 must must 必须 七、 可作规则或不规则的动词 原形 过去式 过去分词 含义 burn burnt/burned burnt/burned 燃烧
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learn learnt/learned learnt/learned 学习 fit fit/fitted fit/fitted 适合;合身 light lit/lighted lit/lighted(使) 燃烧,点燃 hang hung hung 悬挂 hang hanged hanged 绞死 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅 spell spelt/spelled spelt/spelled 拼写 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光
常用不规则名词复数变化表 单数 复数 含义 businessman businessmen 商人 chairman chairmen 主持人;主席 Englishman Englishmen 英国人 Frenchman Frenchmen 法国人 gentleman gentlemen 先生;绅士 man men 男人 policeman policemen 警察 snowman snowmen 雪人 woman women 女人 deer deer 鹿 Chinese Chinese 中国人 Japanese Japanese 日本人 Swiss Swiss 瑞士人 fish fish/fishes 鱼 sheep sheep 绵羊 child children 孩子 foot feet 脚 tooth teeth 牙齿 mouse mice 老鼠 German Germans 德国人 human humans 人类 注:people, police, glasses, clothes, trousers, pants等名词本身就是复数。
不规则动词表 原形 过去式 过去分词
AAA 1. cost cost cost 2. cut cut cut 3. hit hit hit 4. hurt hurt hurt
5. let let let 6. put put put 7. read read read 8. shurt shurt shurt 9. spread spread spread AAB
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1. beat beat beaten ABA 1. become became become 2. come came come 3. run ran run ABB ①原形—ought—ought
1. bring brought brought 2. buy bought bought 3. fight fought fought 4. think thought thought
②原形—aught—aught
1. catch caught caught 2. teach taught taught ③变其中一个元音字母
1. feed fed fed 2. meet met met
3. get got got
4. hold held held
5. sit sat sat
6. win won won
7. find found found
8. hang hung hung
9. speed sped sped
10. tell told told
④原形—lt—lt
—pt—pt
—ft—ft
1. feel felt felt
2. keep kept kept
原形 过去式 过去分词 3. leave left left
4. sleep slept slept
5. sweep swept swept
6. smell smelt smelt
7. spell spelt spelt
⑤变其中一个辅音字母
1. build built built
2. make made made
3. send sent sent
4. spend spent spent
⑥把y改为i再加d
1. lay laid laid
2. pay paid paid
3. say said said
⑦ll—ld—ld
1. sell sold sold
2. tell told told
⑧an—oo—oo
1. stand stood stood
2. understand undersood understood
⑨原形后面加辅音字母
1. hear heard heard
2. mean meant meant
3. burn burnt burnt
⑩把i改为u
1. dig dug dug
2. spin spun spun
3. stick stuck stuck
4. swing swung swung
11.其他
1. have had had
2. lose lost lost
3. lean leant leant
leaned leaned
4. learn learnt learnt
learned learned
5. kneel knelt knelt
kneeled kneeled
6. shine shone shone
shined shined
原形 过去式 过去分词 ABC ①原形—ew—own
awn
1. blow blew blown
2. draw drew drawn
3. grow grew grown
4. know knew known
5. fly flew flown
6. throw threw thrown
②i—a—u
1. begin began begun
2. drink drank drunk
3. sing sang sung
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4. swim swam swum
5. ring rang rung
6. sink sank sunk
7. spring sprang sprung
③原形—过去式—原形+(e)n
1. eat ate eaten
2. give gave given
3. ride rode ridden
4. see saw seen
5. write wrote written
6. drive drove driven
7. fall fell fallen
8. hide hid hidden
9. rise rose risen
10. sew sewed sewn
11. take took taken
12. shake shook shaken
④原形—过去式—过去式+(e)n
1. wear wore woren
2. forget forgot forgotten
3. speak spoke spokeen
4. freeze froze frozen
5. choose chose chosen
6. break broke broken
7. steal stole stolen
8. wake woke woken
⑤其他
1. be(am,is,are) was/were been 2. bear bore born/borne 3. do did done
原形 过去式 过去分词 4. go went gone 5. lie lay lain 6. may might 7. can could