Presented by:-ROHIT SHARMAEEE1711580

These are the energy resources, which we are using to generate power for the past 200 years.

Ex : Thermal, Hydel, Nuclear.

NON CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES :

These are the energy resources, which are rarely used to generate power.

Ex : Wind, solar, Tidal, Geo-Thermal, Ocean….

A power plant is a facility to generate electric power with continuous energy

conversion

Heat Energy

Mechanical Energy

Electrical Energy

• A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven.• Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which either drives an electrical generator or does some other work, like ship propulsion.

Working Principle :

Coal is burnt in the furnace which releases the heat energy.

This heat energy is used to convert the water into high pressure steam in the boiler.

This high pressure & high temperature steam is passed through the turbine, Which rotates the turbine shaft. (where the heat energy is converted into mechanical energy)

The turbine is coupled with the generator to produce the electrical energy.

The steam coming out of the turbine passes through the condenser, where the steam is condensed into water and then circulated to the boiler.

OPERATIONS OF A THERMAL POWER STATION:

Below is a Diagram of the Basic Operation of a Thermal Power Station.

Superheater Fossil fuel power plants can have a superheater

and/or reheater section in the steam generating furnace

In a fossil fuel plant, after the steam is conditioned by the drying equipment inside the steam drum, it is piped from the upper drum area into tubes inside an area of the furnace known as the superheter.

Reheater:-

Power plant furnaces may have a reheater section containing tubes heated by hot flue gases

outside the tubes. Exhaust steam from the high pressure turbine is rerouted to go inside the

reheater tubes to pickup more energy to go drive intermediate or lower pressure turbines. This is called thermal power plant.

Steam turbine-driven electric generator: The steam turbine generator being rotating

equipment generally has a heavy, large diameter shaft.

The shaft therefore requires not only supports but also has to be kept in position while running. To minimise the frictional resistance to the rotation, the shaft has a number of bearings

Feedwater heater: Preheating the feedwater reduces the irreversibilities involved in steam generation and therefore improves the thermodynamic efficiency of the system. This reduces plant operating costs and also helps to avoid thermalshock to the boiler metal when the feed-water is introduced back into the steam cycle.

Deaerator: Generally, power stations use a deaerator to

provide for the removal of air and other dissolved gases from the boiler feed water.

A deaerator typically includes a vertical, domed deaeration section mounted on top of a horizontal cylindrical vessel which serves as the deaerated boiler feed water storage tank.

There are many different designs for a deaerator and the designs will vary from one manufacturer to another

Initial cost is low compared to hydel plant.

Generation of power is continuous.Less space is required.It can respond to rapidly changing load.

It can be located near the load centre, hence transmission cost & losses are reduced.

Transportation & handling of fuel is major difficulty.

Long time required for erection. Maintenance & operation cost are high. Efficiency of the plant is less. Power generation cost is high compared

to hydel power plants. Coal resources are depleting continuously. Life of the power plant is comparatively

less.