Role tieng thai

()

KU

The Design and Prototype Implementation of an Adaptive Mho Digital Distance Relay

with KU Method

( , Ph.D. )

( , Dr.Ing. )

( , Ph.D. )

( , Ph.D. )

( )

, D.Agr.

..

KU

The Design and Prototype Implementation of

An Adaptive Mho Digital Distance Relay with KU Method

() .. 2552

2552: KU () : , Ph.D. 172

- KU - - (, ) (Trajectory of Impedance) R-X (R-X Diagram) KU (New Distance Zone) KU KU Distance Relay DSPACE (DS11104) Freja300

/ /

Surachet Dechphung 2009: The Design and Prototype Implementation of an Adaptive Mho Digital Distance Relay with KU Method. Doctor of Engineering (Electrical Engineering), Major Field: Electrical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering. Thesis Advisor: Associate Professor Trin Saengsuwan, Ph.D. 172 pages.

This research presents the adaptive mho distance relay to compensate during the phase to phase fault with fault resistance by KU method. Generally, mho distance relay is used widely in case of phase to phase fault with low resistance fault. But, The phase to phase fault with fault resistance (from a man, storm or animal) occasionally produce a trajectory of impedance outside the zone of the distance relay protection. Therefore, in this case, the distance relay will not give the trip command to the circuit breaker. This thesis presents an analysis of the adaptive of the mho distance relay to compensate during the phase to phase fault with fault resistance or called "KU Distance Relay. This new concept is simulated in the Matlab/Simulink and implemented using the Dspace (DS11104). The prototype adaptive distance relay has been tested in the laboratory using the relay equipment, Freja300.

/ /

Students signature Thesis Advisors signature

.. .. .. ..

2551

(1) 0B

(1) (2) (4) (14) 1 3 4 8 8 8 98 98 107 109 109 112 113 121 IEEE 14 122 DSPACE DS11104 127 Freja 300 132 m-file 141 172

(2) 1B

1 2 Matlab/Simulink 3 4 - -- 5 0 (RF = 0 ) 6

(RF/2=25 ) 7 25

(RF = 50/2 ) 8

25 (RF = 50/2 ) 9

2 ( 2.1.1) 10

2 ( 25 2.1.1)

11 2 ( 50 )

12 14 IEEE 13

14 IEEE ( RF Setting 50 ) 14

25 -

24 28 29 31 33 34 37 44 55 64 73 76 90 95

(3)

15 25 -

16 17 18

DSPACE DS11104 Freja300

()

96 100 101 105

(4) 2B

1 R-X SEL 311 9 2 R-X SEL 321 10 3 R-X ABB REL-300 (MDAR) 10 4 R-X ASTOM (AREVA) P445 11 5 R-X RFL GARD8000, 8021 12 6 R-X SIEMENS 7SA522 12 7 R-X ASTOM (AREVA) LFZP (Series-L) 13 8 13 9 R-X 14

10 R-X 15 11 R-X 15 12 R-X 16 13 3 17 14 17 15 17 16 18 17 19 18 - 21 19 - 21 20 -- 22 21 -- 23 22 Mho Characteristic 24 23 26 24 Matlab/Simulink 26 25 27

(5) ()

26 29 27 BC 30 28 AB RF(AB) = 0 1 31 29 BC RF(BC) = 0 2 32 30 CA RF(CA) = 0 3 32 31 AB RF(AB)= 50 1 35 32 BC RF(BC)= 50

2 36 33 CA RF(CA)= 50

3 37 34 38 35 R 39 36 R 25 39 37 1 40 38 2 40 39 Flow Chart 41 40

AB RF(AB)= 50 1 42 41

BC RF(BC)= 50 2 42 42

CA RF(CA)= 50 3 43 43 BC 2 45 44 IR R-X

- 46

(6) ()

45 2 47 46 MATLAB/Simulink

2 47 47 1 AB 10%

RF(AB) = 0 2 48 48 1 AB 50%

RF(AB) = 0 2 48 49 1 AB 90%

RF(AB) = 0 2 49 50 2 AB 10%

RF(AB) = 0 2 49 51 2 AB 50%

RF(AB) = 0 2 50 52 2 AB 90%

RF(AB) = 0 2 50 53 1 AB 10%

RF(AB)= 50 2 51 54 1 AB 50%

RF(AB) = 50 2 52 55 1 AB 90%

RF(AB) = 50 2 52 56 2 AB 10%

RF(AB) = 50 2 53 57 2 AB 50%

RF(AB) = 50 2 53

(7) ()

58 2 AB 90%

RF(AB) = 50 2 54 59

1 AB 10% RF(AB) = 0 2 RF Setting = 25 56

60 1 AB 50% RF(AB) = 0 2 RF Setting = 25 57







(8) ()

67









(9) ()

75









(10) ()

83 14 IEEE IEEE 14 BUS TEST CASE 75 84

1 BC 10% RF(BC) = 0 14 IEEE RF Setting = 50 76

85 2 BC 90% RF(BC) = 0 14 IEEE RF Setting = 50 77

86 3 AB 10% RF(AB) = 0 14 IEEE RF Setting = 50 77


88 11 CA 10% RF(CA) = 0 14 IEEE RF Setting = 50 78




(11) ()

92

24 BC 10% RF(BC) = 0 14 IEEE RF Setting = 50 80








(12) ()

100

11 CA 10% RF(CA) = 50 14 IEEE RF Setting = 50 85








108 Matlab/Simulink 91 109 DSPACE DS11104 93

(13) ()

110 DSPACE DS11104 94 111 Freja300 94 112 Matlab/Simulink 99 113

DSPACE DS11104 Freja300 103 114 Freja300

DSPACE DS11104 1 kHz 104

(14)

Z = , V = , I = , R = , X = , D = Z1 = 1, Z2 = 2, Z3 = 3, = , R = A = A B = B C = C N = G = Ea = A , Eb = B , Ec = C , E1 = , E2 = , E0 = , Ia = A, Ib = B, Ic = C, I1 = , I2 = , I0 = ,

(15) ()

E1f = , E2f = , E0f = , Z1f = , Z2f = , Z0f = , a = 1120 -0.5+j0.866 a2 = 1240 -0.5-j0.866 m = ZL = , RL = , XL = , RF = , * = AB O = BC = CA IR = , RF Setting = ,

1

KU

The Design and Prototype Implementation of

an Adaptive Mho Digital Distance Relay with KU Method

3B

V/I 3 1 2 3 1 2 , -, -- -

(Mho Distance Relay) (Fault Resistance) 1 Type I error (Quadrilateral Relay)

2

2 Type II error

2 (Type I error Type II error) SAIDI (System Average Interrupption Duration Index) 1 1 SAIDI () / () SAIFI (System Average Interrupption Frequency Index) 1 SAIFI () / () SAIDI SAIFI 3 (EGAT) (PEA) (MEA)

(Adaptive Mho Distance Relay) (Simulator) Matlab/Simulink m-file Matlab/Simulink DSPACE DS11104 Matlab/Simulink Freja300 KU-Distance Relay

3

4B

12B1. ABB REL-300 (MDAR), REL-501, REL-670, GE GCX, GCY, GCXY, GCXG, D30, D60, AREVA LFZP (Series-L), P430C/P437, P432/P439, P433/P435, P437, P443&P445, RFL GARD8000, 8021, SEL 311A, 321 SIEMENS 7SA510, 7SA511, 7SA513, 7SA518/519, 7SA522/7SA6 TOSHIBA GRZ100

2. Matlab/Simulink , -, -- -

3. Matlab/Simulink DSPACE DS11104 Matlab/Simulink Freja300

4

5B

2 1. 2. ABB, SIEMENS, AREVA TOSHIBA

D. L. Waikar, A. C. Liew and S. Elangovan (1996)

8097 Intel Assembly

M. M. Saha, K. Wikstrom and S. Lindahl (1997)

Fast Tripping algorithm 1 mS 10

Yong Sheng and Steven M. Rovnyak (2004) 1920 (HZ) Decision Tree-Based Methodology P. K. Dash, A. K. Pradhan, Ganapati Panda, and A. C. Liew (2000) FACTS

5

Naser Zamanan, Jan Sykulski and A. K. Al-Othman (2007) real coded genetic Matlab/Simulink Abhishek Bansal and G. N. Pillai (Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) Neural Network) (Simulation) Matlab/Simulimk D. L. Waikar, A. C. Liew and S. Elangovan (1993) Intel 16-bit 8097 chip MCS-96 600 (HZ) 12 Multriplexer 1 1 Y. Q. Xia, K. K. Li, and A. K. David (1993) 3 M. M. Saha, K. Wikstrom and S. Lindahl

6

(Scheme Blocking) Y. Sheng and S. M. Rovnyak (2004) EMTP (Inrush Current) (Switching Capacitor) 1920 (HZ) 60 Gang Li, Shengshi Zhu and Fenghai Sui (1999) (Bowl) (Mho Relay) (Quadrilateral Relay) Nanjing Automation Research Institute A. Lazkano, J. Ruiz, L. A. Leturiondo, and E. Aramendi (2000) 3 20 (Harmonics) T. Saengsuwan (1999) EMTP EMTP

7

S. Dechphung and T. Saengsuwan (2007) - Matlab/Simulink m-file - (Radial)

(2549) MCS-51 10 bit (10-bit Analog to Digital) 3 DSP TMS320C31

8

6B

13B

1. 1.1 Digital oscilloscope 1.2 Freja-300 1.3 Matlab DSPACE11104 1.4 Signal Generator Digital Meter 1.5 3 1.6 PT CT

2. 2.1 2.2 Matlab 2.3 EMTP

14B

1. -

1.1 (Electromechanical), (Solid State) (Digital)

1.1.1 SEL 311 A Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories

(Directional Over Current Relay)

9

R-X 2 1 2 (Sampling Rate) 16 / (Time/Cycle) R-X (Trajectory Impedance)

1 R-X SEL 311A

1.1.2 SEL 321 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories

(Directional Over Current Relay) R-X 4 1, 2 4 3 1,2 4 20mS R-X

10

2 R-X SEL 321

1.1.3 ABB REL-300 (MDAR) ABB Automation R-X 1 2 3 1 2 (Analog to Digital A/D) 7 (Multiplex) (Sampling Rate) 8 / (Time/Cycle) 22 mS 12-14 mS R-X

3 R-X ABB REL-300 (MDAR)

11

1.1.4 AREVA P445 T&D Internationales Kontaktzentrum R-X 5 20-26 mS R-X

4 R-X ASTOM (AREVA) P445

1.1.5 RFL GARD8000, 8021 RFL Electronics

R-X 4 32 / 14.78 mS 60 (HZ) R-X

12

5 R-X RFL GARD8000, 8021

1.1.6 SIEMENS 7SA522 SIEMENS R-X 6 17 mS 50 R-X (Trajectory of Impedance) (Power Swing)

6 R-X SIEMENS 7SA522

Z4

Z3

Z2

Z1

13

1.1.7 AREVA LFZP (Series-L) T&D Internationales Kontaktzentrum R-X 5 (Manual) 7 20 mS R-X (Shape Mho)

7 R-X ASTOM (AREVA) LFZP (Series-L)

1.2

V/I (Z=V/I)

8

14

3 1 2 3 1 2 (Three-Phase), - (Phase-Phase), -- (Phase-Phase-Ground) - (Phase-Ground)

- 4

1.2.1 (Impedance Relay)

R-X

9 R-X

1.2.2 (Admittance or Mho Relay) R-X () (

X

ZZ

= = =

1Z2

3

3510

3ZZ2

1Z

BLOCK

TRIP

R

15

Z R)

10 R-X

1.2.3 (Reactance Relay)

11 R-X

1.2.4 (Quadrilateral Relay) (

1Z

2Z3Z

X

R

TRIP

BLOCK

X

R

16

)

12 R-X (Zone of Protection)

3 1 (Zone1) 85-90% A-B

100% (Over reach) 1 2 (R2) (Operating Time) (Instantaneous)

2 (Zone2) 120-150% A-B 1 300 ms-500 ms 1

3 (Zone3) 100% A-B 120-150% B-C 1 (1000 ms) 1

X

R

3Z

2Z

1Z

17

13 3 1.3

1.3.1

A

Fault

B

CZ1f

14

BA

Zs

1E

1 fZ

1IF

15

F 14 (Positive Sequence Network) 15

18

E1 = Ea = Z1f I1 = Z1f Ia

E2 = E0 = 0 I2 = I0 = 0 Ea = E0 + E1 + E2 = E1 Eb = E0 + a2E1 + aE2 = a2E1

Ec = E0 + aE1 + a2E2 = aE1

Ia = I0 + I1 + I2 = I1

Ib = I0 + a2I1 + aI2 = a2I1

Ic = I0 + aI1 + a2I2 = aI1

C

B

A Z1f,Z2f,Z0f

(1) E EI I

1.3.2

16

1a b b c c a

a b b c c a

E E E E Z fI I I I = = =

F

19

Zs

f1E

A BF

1 E

I

A B

2 fZ

2E

A

I

0E

B

0 f

0

2

E f2

E f0

Z

Z f1

I1

17

A F 16 (Positive Sequence Network), (Negative Sequence Network) (Zero Zequence Network) F 17 17

E1f = E1 - Z1f I1

E2f = E2 Z2f I2

E0f = E0 Z0f I0

20

A

1 2 0 0af f f fE EE E = + + =

0 0I =1 1 1 2 1 2 0 0af f f fE E Z I E Z I E Z= + +

( ) ( )0 1 2 1 1 2 0 0 0af f fE E E E Z I I Z I= + + + =

( )1 0 1 0 0af a f a f fE E Z I Z Z I= =0 1 2aI I I I= + +

'0 1

01

f faa

f

Z ZI I I

Z

' 0 01

a aaI I I I mI

Z0 1Z Z

= +

= + = +

(2) E EI ' 1 0

a af

aa

ZI mI

= = + m = 1( 10 /) ZZZ m (Compensation Factor) (Mutual Coupling)

21

1.3.3 - A

Z1f,Z2f

1 2 1 1 1 2 2

1 21

1 2

f f f

f

E E E Z I E ZE E ZI I

2f I= = = =

B

C

F

U 18U -

A BF1I

1 Z f 19 -

F

1E

A B

1 2f fZ Z=

2E 2 fE

1E f

2I

Zs

Zs

22

EE

01 1 1a aE E

21

22

11

b a

c a

E a aE a a

=

20 1 2b a a aE E a E aE= = +

20 1 2c a a aE E aE a E= = +

( ) ( )( ) ( )2 21 2 1 2b c a aE E a a E E a a E E = =

( )( )2 1 2b cI I a a I I =

1 21

1 2

b cf

b c

E E E E ZI I I I = = (3)

(3)

1.3.4 --

Z1f,Z2f,Z0f F

20 --

23A BF

1I

1 fZ

1E

A B

2 fZ

2E

A B

0Z

0E 0 fE

2 fE

1 fE

2I

0I

Zs

21 -- B-C F 21 F 21 (3) 21 (4)

1 21

1 2

b cf

b c

E E E E ZI I I I = = (4)

2. 2.1 1.1 Matlab/Simulink

24

, -, -- -

22 Mho Characteristic

1

1

A-B-C , A-B-C to G c

c

b

b

a

a

IE

IE

IE ==

A-B , A-B to G ba

ba

IIEE

B-C , B-C to G cb

cb

IIEE

C-A , C-A to G ac

ac

IIEE

A to G 0mII

E

a

a

+

B to G 0mII

Eb

b

+

C to G 0mII

E

c

c

+

m 110 /)( ZZZ

25

f (t

Matlab/Simulink m-file R-X (Fundamental Frequency) 50 ( Sampling Rate) 1 (kHz) (Fourier analysis) f (t) (Fourier series) (5)

) )sin()cos(

2 10 tnbtnaa n

nn ++=

= (5)

=t

Ttn T

a 2 f (t) dttn )cos( (6)

=t

tn Tb 2

T

dt f (t) tn )sin( (7)

/1=T f1 (8)

f1 (Fundamental frequency)

2.1.1

23

Matlab/Simulink 24 10.25+j31.42 1 85% 8.71+j26.69 (), 2 120% 12.29+j37.68 ( 0.3 ) 3 100% 120% 3 22.54+j69.08 ( 1 ) Matlab/Simulink

26

1 (Relay 1 ) Bus1 24 0.015 1 1 () m-file 2

23

24 Matlab/Simulink

Matlab/Simulink 24 Relay 1 25 3 1 50 Hz

27

1 R-X

25

28

2 Matlab/Simulink

()

Simulink

ABC AB BC CA ABG BCG CAG AG BG CG

ABC ON

AB ON ON

BC ON ON

CA ON ON

ABG ON ON

BCG ON ON

CAG ON ON

AG ON

BG ON

CG ON 2 1 85% 8.71+j26.69 () 1 ( 25) - C A 1 m-file ON m-file Matlab

29

2.1.2

26 3 1 8.71+j26.69 () 2 12.29+j37.68 ( 0.3 ) 3 22.54+j69.08 ( 1 ) (Polar Form) 3 m-file

26

3

Z () Angle ()

Zone-1 28.08 71.92 Zone-2 39.64 71.92 Zone-3 72.67 71.92

- -

30

(Trajectory of Impedance) R R-X

27 BC

27 BC RF(BC) (3) (4)

CB

CBBC II

UUZ = (9)

CBBC UUU = ( ) IRIjXIR BCFLL )(2 ++= (10) III BC == (11) ( )

IIRIjXIR

Z BCFLLBC 22 )( ++=

2)(BCF

LL

RjXR ++= (12)

31

- -- 4 5 4 - --

Type of Faults Impedance Equations

AB, ABG ba

ba

IIEE

BC, BCG cb

cb

IIEE

CA, CAG ac

ac

IIEE

28 AB RF(AB) = 0 1

32

29 BC RF(BC) = 0 2

30 CA RF(CA) = 0 3 28, 29 30 Matlab/Simulink m-file A B 1 B C 2 C A 3 (Tool Block)

33

Simulink 0 (RF = 0 ) Matlab/Simulink 4 m-file 5 5 0 (RF = 0 )

Simulink ()

AB,Z1 BC,Z1 CA,Z1 AB,Z2 BC,Z2 CA,Z2 AB,Z3 BC,Z3 CA,Z3 AB,Zone1 ON BC,Zone1 ON CA,Zone1 ON AB,Zone2 ON BC,Zone2 ON CA,Zone2 ON AB,Zone3 ON BC,Zone3 ON CA,Zone3 ON

5 - Matlab /Simulink m-file - C A 120% 2 m-file ON

34

2.1.3 2.1.2 Simulink - 50 (RF =50 ) SIEMENS 7SA522 IEC, ANSI/IEEE, UL DIN 250 (CT) 1 A 50 5A 5A 50 (RF/2=25 ) 6 6 (RF/2=25 )

Z

() Z

() Zone1 8.71+j26.69=28.0771.92 8.71+j26.69+25=33.71+j26.69=42.9938.37 Zone2 12.29+j37.68=39.6371.92 12.29+j37.68+25=37.29+j37.68=53.0145.29 Zone3 22.54+j69.08=72.6671.92 22.54+j69.08+25=47.54+j69.08=83.8655.45

6 - 50 RF(Phase to Phase) = 50 (RF/2=25 ) 6

35

31 AB RF(AB) = 50 1

32 BC RF(BC) = 50 2

36

33 CA RF(CA) = 50 3 31 32 33 Matlab/Simulink m-file A B 1 B C 2 C A 3 Simulink 50 (RF(Phase to Phase) = 50 ) 25 Matlab/Simulink 6 m-file 7

37

7 25 (RF = 50/2 )

()

Simulink

AB,Z1 BC,Z1 CA,Z1 AB,Z2 BC,Z2 CA,Z2 AB,Z3 BC,Z3 CA,Z3 AB,Zone1 BC,Zone1 CA,Zone1 AB,Zone2 BC,Zone2 CA,Zone2 AB,Zone3 ON ON BC,Zone3 ON ON CA,Zone3 ON ON 7 - - B C 120% 2 m-file ON ON 3

38

2.1.4 2.1.3 m-file KU Method

1. 2 A B 34

A B

34

39

2. - -- B R RF/2 RF/2 25 35 36

A B

35 R

B A

36 R 25

40

3. 2 1 Origin ( 1) R 25 B ( 2) 37 2 ( 3) R 25 B ( 4) 38

A B

1 2

37 1

3 4

B A

1 2

38 1

41

(Adaptive) Flow Chart 39 Flow Chart

.

< 5 5 mS

5 mS

Adaptive Mho Distance Relay

1 Sec

42

39

40 AB RF(AB) = 50 1

41 BC RF(BC) = 50 2

43

42 CA RF(CA) = 50 3

40, 41 42 Matlab/Simulink m-file A B 1, B C 2 C A 3 Simulink 50 25 Matlab/Simulink 6 KU Method 40 1 25 1 2 3 41 2 3

44

3 42 3 3 m-file 8 8 25 (RF = 50/2 )

Simulink ()

AB,Z1 BC,Z1 CA,Z1 AB,Z2 BC,Z2 CA,Z2 AB,Z3 BC,Z3 CA,Z3 AB,Zone1 ON BC,Zone1 ON CA,Zone1 ON AB,Zone2 ON BC,Zone2 ON CA,Zone2 ON AB,Zone3 ON BC,Zone3 ON CA,Zone3 ON

8 - - 25 B C 120% 2 m-file ON (

45

ON ) KU-Distance Relay 2.1.5 2 2 Matlab/Simulink 2 - 2 -

43 BC 2

43 BC 2 RF (3)

46

BCU ( ) ( )RBCFLL IIRIjXIR +++= )(2 (13) 43 (11) I B = -IC = I IB IC = 2I

( )

IIIRIjXIR

Z RBCFLLBC 2)(2 )( +++= )1(

2)( +++=

IIRjXR RBCFLL (14)

RI

RF (14) RI

44 R-X RI - 11 Matlab/Simulink 2.1.2 2 45

47

45 2

46 MATLAB/Simulink 2

48

47 1 AB 10% RF(AB) = 0 2

48 1 AB 50% RF(AB) = 0 2

49

49 1 AB 90% RF(AB) = 0 2

50 2 AB 10% RF(AB) = 0 2

50

51 2 AB 50% RF(AB) = 0 2

52 2 AB 90% RF(AB) = 0 2

51

47 52 Matlab/Simulink m-file 2 A B 1 2 10% 50% 90% 1 Simulink 0 (RF = 0 ) Matlab/Simulink (14) 2 -

53 1 AB 10% RF(AB) = 50 2

52

54 1 AB 50% RF(AB) = 50 2

55 1 AB 90% RF(AB) = 50 2

53

56 2 AB 10% RF(AB) = 50 2

57 2 AB 50% RF(AB) = 50 2

54

58 2 AB 90% RF(AB) = 50 2

53 58 Matlab/Simulink m-file 2 A B 1 2 10% 50% 90% 1 50 Matlab/Simulink 14

55

9 2 ( 2.1.1)

%

1

%

2

,

RF(Phase to Phase ) ()

1

2

10 90 AB 0 1 2 50 50 AB 0 1 1 90 10 AB 0 2 1 10 90 BC 0 1 2 50 50 BC 0 1 1 90 10 BC 0 2 1 10 90 CA 0 1 2 50 50 CA 0 1 1 90 10 CA 0 2 1 10 90 AB 50 - - 50 50 AB 50 - - 90 10 AB 50 - - 10 90 BC 50 - - 50 50 BC 50 - - 90 10 BC 50 - - 10 90 CA 50 - - 50 50 CA 50 - - 90 10 CA 50 - -

9 - (RF = 0 ) Matlab/Simulink

56

( RI ) 2.1.6 2 2.1.5 (RF Setting) 25 10

59 1 AB 10% RF(AB) = 0

2 RF Setting = 25

57

60 1 AB 50% RF(AB) = 0

2 RF Setting = 25

61 1 AB 90% RF(AB) = 0

2 RF Setting = 25

58

62 2 AB 10% RF(AB) = 0

2 RF Setting = 25

63 2 AB 50% RF(AB) = 0

2 RF Setting = 25

59

64 2 AB 90% RF(AB) = 0 2 RF Setting = 25


60



61



62



63

65 70 Matlab/Simulink m-file 2 A B 1 2 10% 50% 90% 1 50 (RF = 50/2 ) - Matlab/Simulink (14) KU Method - 2 25 (RF Setting = 25 ) (14)

1 - 25 (1 RF) (RF) m-file 10

)1(2

+++IIRjXR RFLL

64

10 2 ( 25 2.1.1)

%

1

%

2

,


1

2

10 90 AB 0 1 2 50 50 AB 0 1 1 90 10 AB 0 2 1 10 90 BC 0 1 2 50 50 BC 0 1 1 90 10 BC 0 2 1 10 90 CA 0 1 2 50 50 CA 0 1 1 90 10 CA 0 2 1 10 90 AB 50 3 3 50 50 AB 50 3 3 90 10 AB 50 3 3 10 90 BC 50 3 3 50 50 BC 50 3 3 90 10 BC 50 3 3 10 90 CA 50 3 3 50 50 CA 50 3 3 90 10 CA 50 3 3

10 25

65

1 2 3 (14) 50 (14) 11

71 1 AB 10% RF(AB) = 0

2 RF Setting = 50

66

72 1 AB 50% RF(AB) = 0

2 RF Setting = 50

73 1 AB 90% RF(AB) = 0

2 RF Setting = 50

67

74 2 AB 10% RF(AB) = 0

2 RF Setting = 50


68

76 2 AB 90% RF(AB) = 0

2 RF Setting = 50


69


78 1 AB 50% RF(AB) = 50

2 RF Setting = 50

70



71



72

77 82 Matlab/Simulink m-file 2 A B 1 2 10% 50% 90% 1 50 Matlab/Simulink (14) KU Method - 2 50 (RF Setting = 50 ) (14)

1 - 50 50 ( 2 ) m-file 11

)1(2

+++IIRjXR RFLL

73

11 2 ( 50 )

%

1

%

2

,


1

2

10 90 AB 0 1 2 50 50 AB 0 1 1 90 10 AB 0 2 1 10 90 BC 0 1 2 50 50 BC 0 1 1 90 10 BC 0 2 1 10 90 CA 0 1 2 50 50 CA 0 1 1 90 10 CA 0 2 1 10 90 AB 50 1 2 50 50 AB 50 1 1 90 10 AB 50 2 1 10 90 BC 50 1 2 50 50 BC 50 1 1 90 10 BC 50 2 1 10 90 CA 50 1 2 50 50 CA 50 1 1 90 10 CA 50 2 1

11 50 2

74

0 (14) 2 2

2.1.7 14 IEEE (IEEE 14 BUS TEST CASE)

Matlab/Simulink m-file Adaptive Mho Distance Relay KU (KU Method) 14 IEEE IEEE - 83 14 IEEE 32 83 12

75

83 14 IEEE IEEE 14 BUS TEST CASE

76

12 14 IEEE

10% BUS 1 BC

10% BUS 2 AB

10% BUS 4 CA

10% BUS 5 AB

10% BUS 6 BC

10% BUS 12 CA

83 13

Zone 1

Zone 2

Trajectory of BC Fault

Trajectory of CA Fault Trajectory of AB Fault

84 1 BC 10% RF(BC) = 0 14 IEEE RF Setting = 50

77

Trajectory of AB Fault




Trajectory of CA Fault

86 3 AB 10% RF(AB) = 0 14 IEEE RF Setting = 50

78




Trajectory of CA Fault Trajectory of BC Fault

88 11 CA 10% RF(CA) = 0 14 IEEE RF Setting = 50

79



Trajectory of AB Fault Trajectory of BC Fault



80


Trajectory of AB Fault Trajectory of CA Fault





81






82



84 95 Matlab/Simulink m-file 14 IEEE - 10% 90% ( 83 ) Simulink 0 (RF = 0 ) Matlab/Simulink (14) 14 IEEE -

83

Zone 1 Zone 2



Zone 1 2 Zone 2 2


84





Zone 1 12 Zone 2 12


85








86





Trajectory of CA Fault Trajectory of AB Fault


87






88





89

96 107 Matlab/Simulink m-file 14 IEEE - 10% 90% ( 83 ) Simulink 50 - Matlab/Simulink (14) KU Method - (14)

1 - 50 50 m-file 13

)1(2

+++IIRjXR RFLL

90

13 14 IEEE ( RF Setting 50 )

RF(Phase to Phase) ()

Simulink

10% 1 ( R1) 2 ( R2)

( 1)

BC 0 R1_Zone1 R2_Zone2 -

50 - R1_Zone1 -

10% 2 ( R3) 3 ( R12)

AB 0 R3_Zone1 R12_Zone2 -

50 - R3_Zone1 -

10% 4 ( R11) 5 ( R22)

CA 0 R11_Zone1 R22_Zone2 -

50 - R11_Zone1 -

10% 5 ( R9) 1 ( R5)

AB 0 R9_Zone1 R5_Zone2 -

50 - R9_Zone1 R5_Zone2

10% 6 ( R24) 11 ( R25)

BC 0 R24_Zone1 R25_Zone2 -

50 - R24_Zone1 -

10% 12 ( R17) 13 ( 18)

CA 0 R17_Zone1 R18_Zone2 -

50 - R17_Zone1 R18_Zone2

91

13 14 IEEE 50 2 0 IR (14) 43 1

3. 3.1 DSP Starter Kit TMS320C31 C USB6009 Labview Matlab/Simulink DSPACE DS11104 Matlab/Simulink

92

3.2 Matlab/Simulink 2.1.4 - 108 DSPACE DS11104 109 110 Simulink DS11104 6 VA, VB VC IA, IB IC Freja300 111 DSPACE DS11104 DSPACE DS11104

108 Matlab/Simulink

93

108 Matlab/Simulink 6 ADC_5, ADC_6, ADC_7 Volt_5, Volt_6, Volt_7 3 Freja300 (Multiplex) Current ADC_1, ADC_2, ADC_3 6 DAC_1, DAC_2, DAC_3, DAC_5, DAC_6 DAC_7 (Sampling) (Digital Oscilloscope) (Breaker) OUT_C18 OUT_C19 LED

109 DSPACE DS11104

94

A B C 110 DSPACE DS11104

108 DSPACE DS11104 (Main Board)

Matlab/Simulink DSPACE DS11104 109 A , B () C LED

111 Freja300

95

3.3 Freja300 DSPACE DS11104 Freja300 10 Freja300 - 14 - 15 14

25 -

,

AG,Z1 BG,Z1 CG,Z1 AG,Z2 BG,Z2 CG,Z2

AG,Zone1 RF(AG) = 0 ON RF(AG) = 25 ON

BG,Zone1 RF(BC) = 0 ON RF(BC) = 25 ON

CG,Zone1 RF(CG) = 0 ON RF(CG) = 25 ON


BG,Zone2 RF(BG) = 0 ON RF(BG) = 25 ON


14

-

96

(15) A-

(RF)

KU KU Method Freja300 ON

)(0undPhasetoGroF

a

aAG RmII

EZ ++= )( undPhasetoGroFLL RjXR ++= (15)

15

25 -

,

AB,Z1 BC,Z1 CA,Z1 AB,Z2 BC,Z2 CA,Z2 RF(AB) = 0 ON AB,Zone1 RF(AB) = 50 ON RF(BC) = 0 ON BC,Zone1 RF(BC) = 50 ON RF(CA) = 0 ON CA,Zone1 RF(CA) = 50 ON RF(AB) = 0 ON AB,Zone2 RF(AB) = 50 ON RF(BC) = 0 ON BC,Zone2 RF(BC) = 50 ON RF(CA) = 0 ON CA,Zone2 RF(CA) = 50 ON

97

15 - (14) KU KU Method Freja300 ON -

98

7B

15B 2 Simulation by Software DSPACE DS11104 Implementation

1. Matlab/Simulink 112 10.25+j31.42 1 85% 8.71+j26.69 () 2 120% 12.29+j37.68 ( 0.3 ) 3 100% 120% 3 22.54+j69.08 ( 1 ) Matlab/Simulink 1 (Relay 1 ) Bus1 0.015 1 - - 1 2 () m-file Matlab/Simulink () 16 17

99

112 Matlab/Simulink 2 Matlab/Simulink 112 m-file 2 Matlab/Simulink m-file (Algorithm)

100

16

()

AB Z1

BC Z1

CA Z1

AB Z2

BC Z2

CA Z2

AG Z1

BG Z1

CG Z1

AG Z2

BG Z2

CG Z2

AB,Zone1 RF(AB) = 0 ON RF(AB) = 50

BC,Zone1 RF(BC) = 0 ON RF(BC) = 50

CA,Zone1 RF(CA) = 0 ON RF(CA) = 50

AB,Zone2 RF(AB) = 0 ON RF(AB) = 50

BC,Zone2 RF(BC) = 0 ON RF(BC) = 50

CA,Zone2 RF(CA) = 0 ON RF(CA) = 50

AG,Zone1 RF(AG) = 0 ON RF(AG) = 25

BG,Zone1 RF(BC) = 0 ON RF(BC) = 25

CG,Zone1 RF(CG) = 0 ON RF(CG) = 25

AG,Zone2 RF(AG) = 0 ON RF(AG) = 25

BG,Zone2 RF(BG) = 0 ON RF(BG) = 25

CG,Zone2 RF(CG) = 0 ON RF(CG) = 25

101

17

()

AB Z1

BC Z1

CA Z1

AB Z2

BC Z2

CA Z2

AG Z1

BG Z1

CG Z1

AG Z2

BG Z2

CG Z2

AB,Zone1 RF(AB) = 0 ON RF(AB) = 50 ON

BC,Zone1 RF(BC) = 0 ON RF(BC) = 50 ON

CA,Zone1 RF(CA) = 0 ON RF(CA) = 50 ON










102

16 17 - - ON 1 2 KU KU Method ON 14 IEEE KU 2 0 IR (14) 43 RF setting 1

2. KU-

Distance Relay DSPACE DS11104 Freja300 112 Freja300

103

DSPACE DS11104 1 kHz 113 - - 18

113 DSPACE DS11104 Freja300

104

114 Freja300 DSPACE DS11104 1 kHz 114 Freja300 DSPACE DS11104 1 (kHz) 50 (Fundamental Frequency) 1 20 mS (1/T=1/50) 1 1 mS (1/1000 ) 1 50 20 1 mS DSPACE DS11104 (Step) Relay1 112

105

18 DSPACE DS11104 Freja300

AB Z1

BC Z1

CA Z1

AB Z2

BC Z2

CA Z2

AG Z1

BG Z1

CG Z1

AG Z2

BG Z2

CG Z2







AG,Zone1

RF(AG) = 0 ON RF(AG) = 25 ON



AG,Zone2

RF(AG) = 0 ON RF(AG) = 25 ON



106

DSPACE DS11104 Freja300 18 - - KU KU Method ON

107

16B

1. 5

2. m-file 1 587

3. Matlab/Simulink IEEE 14 BUS TEST CASE (CPU) (RAM) 1 GB 2 GB

4. Freja300 2 2 %Z ( Freja300) 100% 1 85% 2 120% 1

5. (DSP)

108

DSPACE DS11104

6. KU Distance Relay DSPACE DS11104 Matlab/Simulink Simulink Complier Matlab/Simuling Freja300 KU Distance Relay DSPACE DS11104 100

7.

109

8B

17B 2 KU-Distance Relay KU-Distance Relay DSPACE DS11104

1. Matlab/Simulink RF - R-X (R) ( 6) - Matlab/Simulink 1

110

RF IEEE 14 -

2.

KU Distance Relay Matlab/Simulink DSPACE DS11104 1 kHz Freja300 - - R KU ( RF) DSPACE DS11104 Freja300 1 DSPACE DS11104 KU Distance Relay

KU

111

KU

112

18B

1.

2.

3.

4.

5. Freja300 ()

6. Freja300 (Calibration) 4 (Oscilloscope) Freja300 (KU Distance Relay) Freja300 Freja300 Freja300

113

9B

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121

10B

122

IEEE 14

123

Sameh Kamel Mena Kodsi, IEEE Student Member Claudio A. Canizares, IEEE Senior Member

124

Sameh Kamel Mena Kodsi, IEEE Student Member

Claudio A. Canizares, IEEE Senior Member

125



126

Sameh Kamel Mena Kodsi, IEEE Student Member Claudio A. Canizares, IEEE Senior Member

127



128

DSPACE DS11104

133

Freja 300

142

m-file

143

clc %*******Setting 3zone numerical distance relay******* %*******Dedign by S.Dechphung******* %*******Setting sample of trip******* sample_of_trip=7; %Range 5

144

r_on=[r_load_setting,r_load]; r_under=[r_load_setting,r_load]; jx_on=[jx_on_load,jx_load]; jx_under=[jx_under_load,-jx_load]; r1=[r_load_setting,r_load_setting]; jx1=[jx_on_load,jx_under_load]; r_load=z_load*cos(angle_load*pi/180); jx_load=z_load*sin(angle_load*pi/180); m_load=jx_load/r_load; %*******Selectec of Adaptive Mho Distance Relay********** if adaptive_mho==0 r_fault_setting_zone1_relay1=0; r_fault_setting_zone2_relay1=0; r_fault_setting_zone3_relay1=0; end %*******Define etc******* trip_KU_zone1_relay1_AB=0; trip_KU_zone1_relay1_BC=0; trip_KU_zone1_relay1_CA=0; trip_KU_zone2_relay1_AB=0; trip_KU_zone2_relay1_BC=0; trip_KU_zone2_relay1_CA=0; trip_KU_zone3_relay1_AB=0; trip_KU_zone3_relay1_BC=0; trip_KU_zone3_relay1_CA=0; trip_KU_zone1_relay1_AG=0; trip_KU_zone1_relay1_BG=0; trip_KU_zone1_relay1_CG=0; trip_KU_zone2_relay1_AG=0; trip_KU_zone2_relay1_BG=0; trip_KU_zone2_relay1_CG=0; trip_KU_zone3_relay1_AG=0; trip_KU_zone3_relay1_BG=0; trip_KU_zone3_relay1_CG=0; adaptive_KU_relay1=1; x1_zone1_relay1=real(z_s_zone1_relay1); y1_zone1_relay1=imag(z_s_zone1_relay1); x4_zone1_relay1=0; y4_zone1_relay1=0; x1_zone2_relay1=real(z_s_zone2_relay1); y1_zone2_relay1=imag(z_s_zone2_relay1); x4_zone2_relay1=0; y4_zone2_relay1=0; x1_zone3_relay1=real(z_s_zone3_relay1); y1_zone3_relay1=imag(z_s_zone3_relay1); x4_zone3_relay1=0; y4_zone3_relay1=0; x1_adap_zone1_relay1=x1_zone1_relay1; y1_adap_zone1_relay1=y1_zone1_relay1; x2_adap_zone1_relay1=x1_zone1_relay1+r_fault_setting_zone1_relay1; y2_adap_zone1_relay1=y1_zone1_relay1; x3_adap_zone1_relay1=0+r_fault_setting_zone1_relay1; y3_adap_zone1_relay1=0; x4_adap_zone1_relay1=0;

145

y4_adap_zone1_relay1=0; x1_adap_zone2_relay1=x1_zone2_relay1; y1_adap_zone2_relay1=y1_zone2_relay1; x2_adap_zone2_relay1=x1_zone2_relay1+r_fault_setting_zone2_relay1; y2_adap_zone2_relay1=y1_zone2_relay1; x3_adap_zone2_relay1=0+r_fault_setting_zone2_relay1; y3_adap_zone2_relay1=0; x4_adap_zone2_relay1=0; y4_adap_zone2_relay1=0; x1_adap_zone3_relay1=x1_zone3_relay1; y1_adap_zone3_relay1=y1_zone3_relay1; x2_adap_zone3_relay1=x1_zone3_relay1+r_fault_setting_zone3_relay1; y2_adap_zone3_relay1=y1_zone3_relay1; x3_adap_zone3_relay1=0+r_fault_setting_zone3_relay1; y3_adap_zone3_relay1=0; x4_adap_zone3_relay1=0; y4_adap_zone3_relay1=0; %*******R+jX from simulink******* r_driving_relay1_AB=R_relay1_AB(1:62); x_driving_relay1_AB=jX_relay1_AB(1:62); r_driving_relay1_BC=R_relay1_BC(1:62); x_driving_relay1_BC=jX_relay1_BC(1:62); r_driving_relay1_CA=R_relay1_CA(1:62); x_driving_relay1_CA=jX_relay1_CA(1:62); r_driving_relay1_AG=R_relay1_AG(1:62); x_driving_relay1_AG=jX_relay1_AG(1:62); r_driving_relay1_BG=R_relay1_BG(1:62); x_driving_relay1_BG=jX_relay1_BG(1:62); r_driving_relay1_CG=R_relay1_CG(1:62); x_driving_relay1_CG=jX_relay1_CG(1:62); %******Mho numerical distance relay1 zone1******* cx_zone1_relay1=(z_zone1_relay1/2)*cos(angle_zone1_relay1*pi/180); cy_zone1_relay1=(z_zone1_relay1/2)*sin(angle_zone1_relay1*pi/180); %*******Mho numerical distance relay1 zone2******* cx_zone2_relay1=(z_zone2_relay1/2)*cos(angle_zone2_relay1*pi/180); cy_zone2_relay1=(z_zone2_relay1/2)*sin(angle_zone2_relay1*pi/180); %*******Mho numerical distance relay1 zone3******* cx_zone3_relay1=(z_zone3_relay1/2)*cos(angle_zone3_relay1*pi/180); cy_zone3_relay1=(z_zone3_relay1/2)*sin(angle_zone3_relay1*pi/180); %******KU numerical distance relay1 zone1******* cx_left_zone1_relay1=(z_zone1_relay1/2)*cos(angle_zone1_relay1*pi/180); cy_left_zone1_relay1=(z_zone1_relay1/2)*sin(angle_zone1_relay1*pi/180);

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cx_right_zone1_relay1=r_fault_setting_zone1_relay1+(z_zone1_relay1/2)*cos(angle_zone1_relay1*pi/180); cy_right_zone1_relay1=(z_zone1_relay1/2)*sin(angle_zone1_relay1*pi/180); KU_left_xx_zone1_relay1=cx_left_zone1_relay1+(z_zone1_relay1/2)*cos(0:0.01:6.28); KU_left_yy_zone1_relay1=cy_left_zone1_relay1+(z_zone1_relay1/2)*sin(0:0.01:6.28); KU_right_xx_zone1_relay1=cx_right_zone1_relay1+(z_zone1_relay1/2)*cos(0:0.01:6.28); KU_right_yy_zone1_relay1=cy_right_zone1_relay1+(z_zone1_relay1/2)*sin(0:0.01:6.28); %******KU numerical distance relay1 zone2******* cx_left_zone2_relay1=(z_zone2_relay1/2)*cos(angle_zone2_relay1*pi/180); cy_left_zone2_relay1=(z_zone2_relay1/2)*sin(angle_zone2_relay1*pi/180); cx_right_zone2_relay1=r_fault_setting_zone2_relay1+(z_zone2_relay1/2)*cos(angle_zone2_relay1*pi/180); cy_right_zone2_relay1=(z_zone2_relay1/2)*sin(angle_zone2_relay1*pi/180); KU_left_xx_zone2_relay1=cx_left_zone2_relay1+(z_zone2_relay1/2)*cos(0:0.01:6.28); KU_left_yy_zone2_relay1=cy_left_zone2_relay1+(z_zone2_relay1/2)*sin(0:0.01:6.28); KU_right_xx_zone2_relay1=cx_right_zone2_relay1+(z_zone2_relay1/2)*cos(0:0.01:6.28); KU_right_yy_zone2_relay1=cy_right_zone2_relay1+(z_zone2_relay1/2)*sin(0:0.01:6.28); %******KU numerical distance relay1 zone3******* cx_left_zone3_relay1=(z_zone3_relay1/2)*cos(angle_zone3_relay1*pi/180); cy_left_zone3_relay1=(z_zone3_relay1/2)*sin(angle_zone3_relay1*pi/180); cx_right_zone3_relay1=r_fault_setting_zone3_relay1+(z_zone3_relay1/2)*cos(angle_zone3_relay1*pi/180); cy_right_zone3_relay1=(z_zone3_relay1/2)*sin(angle_zone3_relay1*pi/180); KU_left_xx_zone3_relay1=cx_left_zone3_relay1+(z_zone3_relay1/2)*cos(0:0.01:6.28); KU_left_yy_zone3_relay1=cy_left_zone3_relay1+(z_zone3_relay1/2)*sin(0:0.01:6.28); KU_right_xx_zone3_relay1=cx_right_zone3_relay1+(z_zone3_relay1/2)*cos(0:0.01:6.28); KU_right_yy_zone3_relay1=cy_right_zone3_relay1+(z_zone3_relay1/2)*sin(0:0.01:6.28); %*******Adaptive zone1_AB of KU numerical distance relay1******* n_adaptive_zone1_relay1_AB=0;t_adaptive_zone1_relay1_AB=0; while n_adaptive_zone1_relay1_AB=0&x_driving_relay1_AB(n_adaptive_zone1_relay1_AB)=real(z_s_zone1_relay1)&atan(x_drivi

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ng_relay1_AB(n_adaptive_zone1_relay1_AB)/r_driving_relay1_AB(n_adaptive_zone1_relay1_AB))*180/pi

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cx_left_zone3_relay1)^2+(x_driving_relay1_AB(n_adaptive_zone3_relay1_AB)-cy_left_zone3_relay1)^2

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end %*******Adaptive zone3_BC of KU numerical distance relay1******* n_adaptive_zone3_relay1_BC=0;t_adaptive_zone3_relay1_BC=0; while n_adaptive_zone3_relay1_BC=0&x_driving_relay1_BC(n_adaptive_zone3_relay1_BC)=real(z_s_zone3_relay1)&atan(x_driving_relay1_BC(n_adaptive_zone3_relay1_BC)/r_driving_relay1_BC(n_adaptive_zone3_relay1_BC))*180/pi

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if x_driving_relay1_CA(n_adaptive_zone2_relay1_CA)>=0&x_driving_relay1_CA(n_adaptive_zone2_relay1_CA)=real(z_s_zone2_relay1)&atan(x_driving_relay1_CA(n_adaptive_zone2_relay1_CA)/r_driving_relay1_CA(n_adaptive_zone2_relay1_CA))*180/pi

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cy_zone1_relay1)^2

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end else _fault_zone3_relay1_AG=0; r end end %*******Adaptive zone1_BG of KU numerical distance relay1******* n_adaptive_zone1_relay1_BG=0;t_adaptive_zone1_relay1_BG=0; while n_adaptive_zone1_relay1_BG=0&x_driving_relay1_BG(n_adaptive_zone1_relay1_BG)=real(z_s_zone1_relay1)&atan(x_driving_relay1_BG(n_adaptive_zone1_relay1_BG)/r_driving_relay1_BG(n_adaptive_zone1_relay1_BG))*180/pi

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while n_adaptive_zone3_relay1_BG=0&x_driving_relay1_BG(n_adaptive_zone3_relay1_BG)=real(z_s_zone3_relay1)&atan(x_driving_relay1_BG(n_adaptive_zone3_relay1_BG)/r_driving_relay1_BG(n_adaptive_zone3_relay1_BG))*180/pi

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7&~((r_driving_relay1_CG(n_adaptive_zone2_relay1_CG)-cx_zone2_relay1)^2+(x_driving_relay1_CG(n_adaptive_zone2_relay1_CG)-cy_zone2_relay1)^2

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r_fault_zone3_relay1=r_fault_zone3_relay1_AB+r_fault_zone3_relay1_BC+r_fault_zone3_relay1_CA; if r_fault_zone3_relay1>=r_fault_setting_zone3_relay1 r_fault_zone3_relay1=r_fault_setting_zone3_relay1; els r_fault_zone3_relay1=0; e end %******Add r_fault KU numerical distance relay1 zone1******* r_fault_zone1_relay1=r_fault_zone1_relay1_AG+r_fault_zone1_relay1_BG+r_fault_zone1_relay1_CG; if r_fault_zone1_relay1>=r_fault_setting_zone1_relay1 r_fault_zone1_relay1=r_fault_setting_zone1_relay1; else r_fault_zone1_relay1=0; end %******Add r_fault KU numerical distance relay1 zone2******* r_fault_zone2_relay1=r_fault_zone2_relay1_AG+r_fault_zone2_relay1_BG+r_fault_zone2_relay1_CG; if r_fault_zone2_relay1>=r_fault_setting_zone2_relay1 r_fault_zone2_relay1=r_fault_setting_zone2_relay1; else r_fault_zone2_relay1=0; end %******Add r_fault KU numerical distance relay1 zone3******* r_fault_zone3_relay1=r_fault_zone3_relay1_AG+r_fault_zone3_relay1_BG+r_fault_zone3_relay1_CG; if r_fault_zone3_relay1>=r_fault_setting_zone3_relay1 r_fault_zone3_relay1=r_fault_setting_zone3_relay1; else r_fault_zone3_relay1=0; end %******Adaptive KU numerical distance relay1 zone1******* x1_adap_zone1_relay1=0; y1_adap_zone1_relay1=0; x5_adap_zone1_relay1=x1_adap_zone1_relay1; y5_adap_zone1_relay1=y1_adap_zone1_relay1; if adaptive_KU_relay1==1 x2_adap_zone1_relay1=z_zone1_relay1*cos(angle_zone1_relay1*pi/180); y2_adap_zone1_relay1=z_zone1_relay1*sin(angle_zone1_relay1*pi/180); x3_adap_zone1_relay1=x2_adap_zone1_relay1+r_fault_zone1_relay1; y3_adap_zone1_relay1=y2_adap_zone1_relay1; x4_adap_zone1_relay1=x1_adap_zone1_relay1+r_fault_zone1_relay1; y4_adap_zone1_relay1=y1_adap_zone1_relay1; else z_t_zone1_relay1=0; x3_adap_zone1_relay1=x2_adap_zone1_relay1; x4_adap_zone1_relay1=x1_adap_zone1_relay1; end xo_adap_zone1_relay1=[x2_adap_zone1_relay1,x3_adap_zone1_relay1]; yo_adap_zone1_relay1=[y2_adap_zone1_relay1,y3_adap_zone1_relay1]; xu_adap_zone1_relay1=[x4_adap_zone1_relay1,x5_adap_zone1_relay1]; yu_adap_zone1_relay1=[y4_adap_zone1_relay1,y5_adap_zone1_relay1];

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xc1_adap_zone1_relay1=z_zone1_relay1/2*cos(angle_zone1_relay1*pi/180); yc1_adap_zone1_relay1=z_zone1_relay1/2*sin(angle_zone1_relay1*pi/180); r1_zone1_relay1=z_zone1_relay1/2; i_zone1_relay1=1; for m_zone1_relay1=angle_zone1_relay1:1:angle_zone1_relay1+180 xa_zone1_relay1(i_zone1_relay1)=xc1_adap_zone1_relay1+r1_zone1_relay1*cos(m_zone1_relay1*pi/180); ya_zone1_relay1(i_zone1_relay1)=yc1_adap_zone1_relay1+r1_zone1_relay1*sin(m_zone1_relay1*pi/180); i_zone1_relay1=i_zone1_relay1+1; end j_zone1_relay1=1; for n_zone1_relay1=angle_zone1_relay1:-1:angle_zone1_relay1-180 xb_zone1_relay1(j_zone1_relay1)=xc1_adap_zone1_relay1+r_fault_zone1_relay1+r1_zone1_relay1*cos(n_zone1_relay1*pi/180); yb_zone1_relay1(j_zone1_relay1)=yc1_adap_zone1_relay1+r1_zone1_relay1*sin(n_zone1_relay1*pi/180); j_zone1_relay1=j_zone1_relay1+1; end %******Adaptive KU numerical distance relay1 zone2******* x1_adap_zone2_relay1=0; y1_adap_zone2_relay1=0; x5_adap_zone2_relay1=x1_adap_zone2_relay1; y5_adap_zone2_relay1=y1_adap_zone2_relay1; if adaptive_KU_relay1==1 x2_adap_zone2_relay1=z_zone2_relay1*cos(angle_zone2_relay1*pi/180); y2_adap_zone2_relay1=z_zone2_relay1*sin(angle_zone2_relay1*pi/180); x3_adap_zone2_relay1=x2_adap_zone2_relay1+r_fault_zone2_relay1; y3_adap_zone2_relay1=y2_adap_zone2_relay1; x4_adap_zone2_relay1=x1_adap_zone2_relay1+r_fault_zone2_relay1; y4_adap_zone2_relay1=y1_adap_zone2_relay1; else z_t_zone2_relay1=0; x3_adap_zone2_relay1=x2_adap_zone2_relay1; x4_adap_zone2_relay1=x1_adap_zone2_relay1; end xo_adap_zone2_relay1=[x2_adap_zone2_relay1,x3_adap_zone2_relay1]; yo_adap_zone2_relay1=[y2_adap_zone2_relay1,y3_adap_zone2_relay1]; xu_adap_zone2_relay1=[x4_adap_zone2_relay1,x5_adap_zone2_relay1]; yu_adap_zone2_relay1=[y4_adap_zone2_relay1,y5_adap_zone2_relay1]; xc1_adap_zone2_relay1=z_zone2_relay1/2*cos(angle_zone2_relay1*pi/180); yc1_adap_zone2_relay1=z_zone2_relay1/2*sin(angle_zone2_relay1*pi/180);

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r1_zone2_relay1=z_zone2_relay1/2; i_zone2_relay1=1; for m_zone2_relay1=angle_zone2_relay1:1:angle_zone2_relay1+180 xa_zone2_relay1(i_zone2_relay1)=xc1_adap_zone2_relay1+r1_zone2_relay1*cos(m_zone2_relay1*pi/180); ya_zone2_relay1(i_zone2_relay1)=yc1_adap_zone2_relay1+r1_zone2_relay1*sin(m_zone2_relay1*pi/180); i_zone2_relay1=i_zone2_relay1+1; end j_zone2_relay1=1; for n_zone2_relay1=angle_zone2_relay1:-1:angle_zone2_relay1-180 xb_zone2_relay1(j_zone2_relay1)=xc1_adap_zone2_relay1+r_fault_zone2_relay1+r1_zone2_relay1*cos(n_zone2_relay1*pi/180); yb_zone2_relay1(j_zone2_relay1)=yc1_adap_zone2_relay1+r1_zone2_relay1*sin(n_zone2_relay1*pi/180); j_zone2_relay1=j_zone2_relay1+1; end %******Adaptive KU numerical distance relay1 zone3******* x1_adap_zone3_relay1=0; y1_adap_zone3_relay1=0; x5_adap_zone3_relay1=x1_adap_zone3_relay1; y5_adap_zone3_relay1=y1_adap_zone3_relay1; if adaptive_KU_relay1==1 x2_adap_zone3_relay1=z_zone3_relay1*cos(angle_zone3_relay1*pi/180); y2_adap_zone3_relay1=z_zone3_relay1*sin(angle_zone3_relay1*pi/180); x3_adap_zone3_relay1=x2_adap_zone3_relay1+r_fault_zone3_relay1; y3_adap_zone3_relay1=y2_adap_zone3_relay1; x4_adap_zone3_relay1=x1_adap_zone3_relay1+r_fault_zone3_relay1; y4_adap_zone3_relay1=y1_adap_zone3_relay1; else z_t_zone3_relay1=0; x3_adap_zone3_relay1=x2_adap_zone3_relay1; x4_adap_zone3_relay1=x1_adap_zone3_relay1; end xo_adap_zone3_relay1=[x2_adap_zone3_relay1,x3_adap_zone3_relay1]; yo_adap_zone3_relay1=[y2_adap_zone3_relay1,y3_adap_zone3_relay1]; xu_adap_zone3_relay1=[x4_adap_zone3_relay1,x5_adap_zone3_relay1]; yu_adap_zone3_relay1=[y4_adap_zone3_relay1,y5_adap_zone3_relay1]; xc1_adap_zone3_relay1=z_zone3_relay1/2*cos(angle_zone3_relay1*pi/180); yc1_adap_zone3_relay1=z_zone3_relay1/2*sin(angle_zone3_relay1*pi/180); r1_zone3_relay1=z_zone3_relay1/2; i_zone3_relay1=1; for m_zone3_relay1=angle_zone3_relay1:1:angle_zone3_relay1+180

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xa_zone3_relay1(i_zone3_relay1)=xc1_adap_zone3_relay1+r1_zone3_relay1*cos(m_zone3_relay1*pi/180); ya_zone3_relay1(i_zone3_relay1)=yc1_adap_zone3_relay1+r1_zone3_relay1*sin(m_zone3_relay1*pi/180); i_zone3_relay1=i_zone3_relay1+1; end j_zone3_relay1=1; for n_zone3_relay1=angle_zone3_relay1:-1:angle_zone3_relay1-180 xb_zone3_relay1(j_zone3_relay1)=xc1_adap_zone3_relay1+r_fault_zone3_relay1+r1_zone3_relay1*cos(n_zone3_relay1*pi/180); yb_zone3_relay1(j_zone3_relay1)=yc1_adap_zone3_relay1+r1_zone3_relay1*sin(n_zone3_relay1*pi/180); j_zone3_relay1=j_zone3_relay1+1; end %*******Tripping Zone1 of KU numerical distance relay1******* m_left_KU_zone1_relay1=(y2_adap_zone1_relay1-y1_adap_zone1_relay1)/(x2_adap_zone1_relay1-x1_zone1_relay1); b_left_KU_zone1_relay1=y2_adap_zone1_relay1-m_left_KU_zone1_relay1*x2_adap_zone1_relay1; m_right_KU_zone1_relay1=(y3_adap_zone1_relay1-y4_adap_zone1_relay1)/(x3_adap_zone1_relay1-x4_adap_zone1_relay1); b_right_KU_zone1_relay1=y3_adap_zone1_relay1-m_right_KU_zone1_relay1*x3_adap_zone1_relay1; %*******Tripping zone2 of KU numerical distance relay1******* m_left_KU_zone2_relay1=(y2_adap_zone2_relay1-y1_adap_zone2_relay1)/(x2_adap_zone2_relay1-x1_zone2_relay1); b_left_KU_zone2_relay1=y2_adap_zone2_relay1-m_left_KU_zone2_relay1*x2_adap_zone2_relay1; m_right_KU_zone2_relay1=(y3_adap_zone2_relay1-y4_adap_zone2_relay1)/(x3_adap_zone2_relay1-x4_adap_zone2_relay1); b_right_KU_zone2_relay1=y3_adap_zone2_relay1-m_right_KU_zone2_relay1*x3_adap_zone2_relay1; %*******Tripping zone3 of KU numerical distance relay1******* m_left_KU_zone3_relay1=(y2_adap_zone3_relay1-y1_adap_zone3_relay1)/(x2_adap_zone3_relay1-x1_zone3_relay1); b_left_KU_zone3_relay1=y2_adap_zone3_relay1-m_left_KU_zone3_relay1*x2_adap_zone3_relay1; m_right_KU_zone3_relay1=(y3_adap_zone3_relay1-y4_adap_zone3_relay1)/(x3_adap_zone3_relay1-x4_adap_zone3_relay1); b_right_KU_zone3_relay1=y3_adap_zone3_relay1-m_right_KU_zone3_relay1*x3_adap_zone3_relay1; %*******Tripping zone1_AB of KU numerical distance relay1******* n_KU_zone1_relay1_AB=0;t_KU_zone1_relay1_AB=0; while n_KU_zone1_relay1_AB

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d_right_KU_zone1_relay1_AB=x_driving_relay1_AB(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AB)-m_right_KU_zone1_relay1*r_driving_relay1_AB(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AB)-b_right_KU_zone1_relay1; d_on=x_driving_relay1_AB(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AB)-m_load*r_driving_relay1_AB(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AB); d_under=-x_driving_relay1_AB(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AB)-m_load*r_driving_relay1_AB(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AB); a=((r_driving_relay1_AB(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AB)-cx_left_zone1_relay1)^2+(x_driving_relay1_AB(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AB)-cy_left_zone1_relay1)^2

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b=~(r_driving_relay1_AB(n_KU_zone2_relay1_AB)>=r_load_setting&d_on

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m_left_KU_zone1_relay1*r_driving_relay1_BC(n_KU_zone1_relay1_BC)-b_left_KU_zone1_relay1; d_right_KU_zone1_relay1_BC=x_driving_relay1_BC(n_KU_zone1_relay1_BC)-m_right_KU_zone1_relay1*r_driving_relay1_BC(n_KU_zone1_relay1_BC)-b_right_KU_zone1_relay1; d_on=x_driving_relay1_BC(n_KU_zone1_relay1_BC)-m_load*r_driving_relay1_BC(n_KU_zone1_relay1_BC); d_under=-x_driving_relay1_BC(n_KU_zone1_relay1_BC)-m_load*r_driving_relay1_BC(n_KU_zone1_relay1_BC); a=((r_driving_relay1_BC(n_KU_zone1_relay1_BC)-cx_left_zone1_relay1)^2+(x_driving_relay1_BC(n_KU_zone1_relay1_BC)-cy_left_zone1_relay1)^2

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zone2_relay1_BC)>=y4_adap_zone2_relay1&d_left_KU_zone2_relay1_BC=0); b=~(r_driving_relay1_BC(n_KU_zone2_relay1_BC)>=r_load_setting&d_on

163

d_left_KU_zone1_relay1_CA=x_driving_relay1_CA(n_KU_zone1_relay1_CA)-m_left_KU_zone1_relay1*r_driving_relay1_CA(n_KU_zone1_relay1_CA)-b_left_KU_zone1_relay1; d_right_KU_zone1_relay1_CA=x_driving_relay1_CA(n_KU_zone1_relay1_CA)-m_right_KU_zone1_relay1*r_driving_relay1_CA(n_KU_zone1_relay1_CA)-b_right_KU_zone1_relay1; d_on=x_driving_relay1_CA(n_KU_zone1_relay1_CA)-m_load*r_driving_relay1_CA(n_KU_zone1_relay1_CA); d_under=-x_driving_relay1_CA(n_KU_zone1_relay1_CA)-m_load*r_driving_relay1_CA(n_KU_zone1_relay1_CA); a=((r_driving_relay1_CA(n_KU_zone1_relay1_CA)-cx_left_zone1_relay1)^2+(x_driving_relay1_CA(n_KU_zone1_relay1_CA)-cy_left_zone1_relay1)^2

164

n_KU_zone2_relay1_CA)=y4_adap_zone2_relay1&d_left_KU_zone2_relay1_CA=0); b=~(r_driving_relay1_CA(n_KU_zone2_relay1_CA)>=r_load_setting&d_on

165

n_KU_zone1_relay1_AG=n_KU_zone1_relay1_AG+1; d_left_KU_zone1_relay1_AG=x_driving_relay1_AG(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AG)-m_left_KU_zone1_relay1*r_driving_relay1_AG(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AG)-b_left_KU_zone1_relay1; d_right_KU_zone1_relay1_AG=x_driving_relay1_AG(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AG)-m_right_KU_zone1_relay1*r_driving_relay1_AG(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AG)-b_right_KU_zone1_relay1; d_on=x_driving_relay1_AG(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AG)-m_load*r_driving_relay1_AG(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AG); d_under=-x_driving_relay1_AG(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AG)-m_load*r_driving_relay1_AG(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AG); a=((r_driving_relay1_AG(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AG)-cx_left_zone1_relay1)^2+(x_driving_relay1_AG(n_KU_zone1_relay1_AG)-cy_left_zone1_relay1)^2

166

cy_right_zone2_relay1)^2=r_load_setting&d_on

167

while n_KU_zone1_relay1_BG

168

_BG)-cy_right_zone2_relay1)^2=r_load_setting&d_on

169

n_KU_zone1_relay1_CG=0;t_KU_zone1_relay1_CG=0; while n_KU_zone1_relay1_CG

170

real(cx_right_zone2_relay1))^2+(x_driving_relay1_CG(n_KU_zone2_relay1_CG)-cy_right_zone2_relay1)^2=r_load_setting&d_on

171

%*******plot R-X Diagram & Driving Zone of numerical distance relay1******* figure(1) plot(r_on,jx_on,r_under,jx_under,r1,jx1,'-r',xo_adap_zone1_relay1,yo_adap_zone1_relay1,xu_adap_zone1_relay1,yu_adap_zone1_relay1,xa_zone1_relay1,ya_zone1_relay1,xb_zone1_relay1,yb_zone1_relay1,xo_adap_zone2_relay1,yo_adap_zone2_relay1,xu_adap_zone2_relay1,yu_adap_zone2_relay1,xa_zone2_relay1,ya_zone2_relay1,xb_zone2_relay1,yb_zone2_relay1,xo_adap_zone3_relay1,yo_adap_zone3_relay1,xu_adap_zone3_relay1,yu_adap_zone3_relay1,xa_zone3_relay1,ya_zone3_relay1,xb_zone3_relay1,yb_zone3_relay1);grid; set (gca,'XLim',[-35 120],'YLim',[-25 100]) hold on for i=1:61 plot(r_driving_relay1_AB(1:i),x_driving_relay1_AB(1:i),'*-k',r_driving_relay1_BC(1:i),x_driving_relay1_BC(1:i),'*-r',r_driving_relay1_CA(1:i),x_driving_relay1_CA(1:i),'*-c',r_driving_relay1_AG(1:i),x_driving_relay1_AG(1:i),'*-k',r_driving_relay1_BG(1:i),x_driving_relay1_BG(1:i),'*-r',r_driving_relay1_CG(1:i),x_driving_relay1_CG(1:i),'*-c'); pause (0.001) end hold off

11B

3 2515 .. (-) .. () 5

(.. 2538)

(.. 2544) (.. 2544-2547) (.. 2547)

1. ABB REL-300 (MDAR), REL-501, REL-670, GE GCX, GCY, GCXY, GCXG, D30, D60, AREVA LFZP (Series-L), P430C/P437, P432/P439, P433/P435, P437, P443&P445, RFL GARD8000, 8021, SEL 311A, 321 SIEMENS 7SA510, 7SA511, 7SA513, 7SA518/519, 7SA522/7SA6 TOSHIBA GRZ100

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