Rybářská mykologie II

Houby

Část přednášky převzata od: Mgr. Karel Prášil, CSc. a RNDr. Jiří Neustupa, Ph.D,

PřF UK Praha

Mykologie – houby a houbové organismy

Archea

Monera

Houby

Eukarya

Chromista

Microsporidia

OomycotaLabyrinthulomycotaHyphochytridiomycota

Dyctiostelidyhlenkynádorovky

Prvoci

Mykologie – houby a houbové organismy

Archea

Monera

Houby

Eukarya

Microsporidiomycota

Zygomycota

Ascomycota

Basidiomycota

Chytridiomycota

Fungi imperfecti

Glomeromycota

Chytridiomycota

Vodní a půdní saprofyté, vzácně parazité

Blastocladiales - zoospore of Allomyces

Chytridiales - eucarpic thallus of Rhizophydium in culture

Chytridiomycota

Chytridiales - Chytridium lagenaria: sporangium developing on a pollen grain of Pinus

Chytridium releasing zoospores.

Chytridium releasing uniflagellate zoospores

empty sporangium on pine pollen grain.

Chytridiomycota

Chytridiales - wart of potato caused by Synchytrium endobioticum

Chytridiales - sporangia of a eucarpic chytrid on the green alga, Spirogyra

Chytridiales - sporangia of a chytrid on Ceratium, a planktonic dinoflagellate

Chytridiomycota

Microsporidiomycota

Zygomycota

Třída Zygomycetes

Řády: Mucorales Entomophtorales Zoopagales Kicxellales Trichomycetes

Zygomycetes.  6 orders, 29 families, 120 genera, almost 800 species

Třída Zygomycetes

Zygomycota

Mucorales

Třída Zygomycetes

•Mucor sp. A somewhat rare and opportunistic pathogen which can infect the lungs and other locations. Can be fatal to those with immunodeficiency. Spores will germinate and produce mycelial growth.

Zygomycota

Mucorales

Třída Zygomycetes

• Rhizopus sp. An opportunistic pathogen which can infect the lungs and other locations. Spores will germinate and produce mycelial growth. Can be fatal to those with immunodeficiency.

Absidia sp. Can invade upper respiratory tract, produce spores and mycelia growth. Possibly fatal to those with immunodeficiency.

Zygomycota

Mucorales

Třída Zygomycetes

Třída Zygomycetes

Mucorales

Pilobolus crystallinus (Pilobolaceae) is an atypical but fascinating coprophilous (dung-inhabiting) member of the order Mucorales. It grows very rapidly, and is one of the first fungi to fruit in the extended succession that occurs on dung. Its unbranched sporangiophores are 2-4 cm tall, and have a unique explosive dispersal mechanism.

Třída Zygomycetes

Mucorales

The right-hand picture shows what these developing zygosporangia look like under the dissecting

microscope.

Entomophthora muscae

Třída ZygomycetesEntomophtorales

• parasites of fungi, nematodes, amoebae, etc.  

Piptocephalis is a parasite of Mucorales, and occurs commonly on dung.

Syncephalis is another parasite of Mucorales

Třída ZygomycetesZoopagales

Coemansia on bat dung from a cave

Spirodactylon

Třída Zygomycetes

Kickxellales

• 4 orders, 7 families, 52

genera, about 210 species. 

Vázány na členovce-komensálové (trávicí soustava)-Parazité (chitin)

Třída Trichomycetes

• fewer than 200 species have been described) but it is of enormous importance in the biosphere -VAM

Třída Glomeromycetes

Ascus = vřecko

Ascomycota