kmln-Xy-temIw2019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

22019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

kmln-Xy-temIw2019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn]pkvXIw 47 e°w 1

]{Xm-[n -]-k-anXn

{]kn-U≠vsshim-J≥

sk{I-´dn & FUn-‰¿tUm. sI.-]n. taml-\≥

I¨ho-\¿_n.-Fw. kplvd

AwK-߃

tUm. kp\n¬ ]n. Cf-bnSws_\ym-an≥tUm. ayqkvtacn tPm¿÷vtUm. kn. DÆn-Ir-jvW≥

]ªn-t°-j≥ Hm^o-k¿

Cu.-Un. tUhokv

kmln-Xy-temIw ssZzam-knI. ]pkvXIw 47 e°w 1 . 2019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn . Ih¿ Unssk≥ hn\-bvem¬ . {]q v̂ : a[p Imcym v́. en]nhn-\ymkw : aukv B‚ v ssa≥Uvkv Xriq¿ . A®Sn \n¿Δ-lWw : Im¿Ω¬ Hm^vsk‰v Xriq¿. hne : 40 cq]. hm¿jnIhcnkwJy : 240 cq]

hnemkw : tIcf kmlnXy A°m-Z-an, ]mekv tdmUv, sNºq-°m-hv,Xriq¿

Sahityalokam Literary bi-monthly in Malayalam . Vol. 47 No. 1 . 2019 January-February . Cover Design : Vinaylal . Proof : Madhu Kariat . Website :www.keralasahityaakademi.org . e-mail : keralasahityaakademi@gmail.com Reg-istered with the Registrar of Newspapers India under R.N. 17137/69 . Single issueRs. 40/- . Annual Subscription Rs. 240/-

Printed and Published by Dr. K.P. Mohanan on behalf of Kerala Sahitya Akademi,Thrissur and Printed of Carmel Offset, Thrissur and Published at Kerala SahityaAkademi, P.B. No. 501, Thrissur District, Kerala State. Editor : Dr. K.P. Mohanan.

32019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

BapJw

\c-Po-hn-X-am-Ip∂ thZ-\bv°v Nncn \s√m-cu-j-[-am-Wv. Nncn-

bp-sSbpw Ic-®n-en-s‚bpw Dd-hnSw H∂m-Wv. AXp-sIm-

≠mWv ]mc-ay-Øn-se-Øp-tºmƒ Nncn Ic-®nepw, Ic-®n¬

Nncn-bp-ambn amdp-∂-Xv.

Nncn°q Nncn°q angn-\o-cn-ep-e-bp∂

ag-hn-√p-t]m¬ ]p©n-cn°q

F∂v Aø-∏-∏-Wn-°¿. IÆp-\o-cn¬ hnS-cp∂ ag-hn-√m-Wt{X

Nncn. IÆp-\o-cn\p ]nd-tI -hcp∂ Nncn°v A¿∞hpw

Bghpw angnhpw IqSp-sa∂v Cu hcn-Iƒ [z\n-∏n-°p-∂p.

temI-kn-\n-a-bn¬ Nm¿fnNmπn\pw ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬

Ip©≥\-ºymcpw kRvP-b\pw _jodpw hn.-sI.-F∂pw

k°-dn-b-bp-sams° IÆo-cns\ Nncn-bm-°n -am-‰n-b-h-cm-Wv.

Imcy-Im-c-W-k-ln-X-amb Nncn-bmWv an°-h¿°pw A`n-

Imayw. Imcy-Im-c-W-c-ln-X-amb Nncn {`m¥ns‚ e£-W-

amW-t{X. ]t£, inip-°-fp-sSbpw Nne sk≥Kp-cp-°-

∑mcp-sSbpw Nncn Imcy-Im-c-W-c-ln-X-am-Wv. Aß-s\-bp≈-

h¿°v Ft∏mƒ thW-sa-¶nepw Nncn-°mw. ac-W-Øns‚

apJ-Øp-t\m-°nbpw Nncn-°mw. ac-W-sØt∏mepw Nncn-bm-

°n-am‰nb Hcp sk≥Kpcp ssN\-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

AØcw Nncn \n¿ -̀bhpw \njv°f¶hp-am-Wv. AXv a‰p≈-

h¿°v Du¿Pw]I-cp-∂p. \mK-cn-I-X-bpsS kwL¿j-

߃°pw tcmKm-h-ÿ-Iƒ°pw Ab-hp-h-cp-Øp-∂p.

ae-bm-f-®n-cn-bpsS D¤-h-hn-Im-k-]-cn-Wm-a-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈

hniZamb Hc-t\z-jWw Cu e°-Øn-ep-≠v. tXme≥ apX¬

sI.-B¿.-tSm-Wn-hsc Dc-bnepw hc-bnepw Ac-ßnepw \nXy-

Po-hn-X-Øn-ep-ap≈ Nncn-bpsS _lp-kz-c-X-Isf Fkv.-sI.-

42019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

h-k-¥≥ Is≠-Sp-°p-∂p. sImSp-°¬hm-ß-ep-I-fn-eq-sS-

bmWv at‰-Xp- `m-j-sb-t∏mse ae-bm-fhpw hf-cp-∂-Xv.

kwkvIr-X-k-º¿°w ae-bm-f-Øn¬ krjvSn® am‰-ß-fpsS

kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Xe-ßsf Cg-hn-S¿Øn-

°m-Wn-°p-∂-XmWv as‰mcp teJ-\w. tImhn-e≥ IY-I-fn-

tebv°pw kn.-hn.-{io-cm-a≥ IY-I-fn-te-bv°p-ap≈ khn-ti-

j-t\-´-ßfpw kmln-Xy-]m-cm-b-W-Øns‚ coXn-t`-Z-ß-sf-

°p-dn-®p≈ At\z-j-W-hpw Ime-Sn(-tam-l-\-Ir-jvW≥

ImeSn)°hn-X-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T-\hpw Cu e°sØ

kº-∂-am-°p-∂p. AtXm-sSm∏w ]pXnb IY-I-fp-sSbpw

Ihn-X-I-fp-sSbpw {]Xn-\n-[m-\-ß-fp-ap-≠v.

tUm.-sI.-]n.-tam-l-\-≥

FUn-‰¿ & sk{I-´dn

52019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

D≈-S°w

.]T\w

kwkvIr-Xhpw ae-bm-fhpw:kmaq-lnI `mjm-imkv{X ka-ky-Iƒ/tUm. kn. cmtP-{μ≥/7

Pohn-Xm-`n-hm-RvO-bpsS kvss{XW-apJw/tUm. Fkv. {iotZhn/18

ae-bm-fn-bpsS Nncn-h-g°w/Fkv.-sI. hk-¥≥/24

a\p-jy-∏‰pw a¨Iqdpw/tUm. AP-b]pcw tPymXn-jvIp-am¿/45

kmlnXyw Fß-s\bpw hmbn-°mtam?/{]nb h¿§okv/55

DØ-cm-[p-\nI IhnX: hn`m-h-\-bpsS kwL¿j-߃/sI. lcnX/64

. IhnX

IÆ-S®p Xpd-°p-tºmƒ/_nPp Im™-ßmSv/72

inincw/Aknw Xm∂n-aqSv/74

Hcp Nnen-b≥ alm-I-hn-bpsS kXy-hm-Mvaqew/alm-Ihn duƒ/hnh: hn.-]n. tPm¨kv/76

. IY

thS-`m-cXw/F.-sI. inh-Zm-k≥/78

hoUntbm tIm¨{^≥kv/{ioeX/85

. ]pkvX-I-\n-cq-]Ww

"ssk_¿ hml-\-Øn¬ kl-{k-m_vZ-߃°vA∏p-d-tØbv°v'/F≥.-sI. joe/89

Poh-c‡w sIms≠-gp-Xnb t\mh¬KwKm-[-c≥ sNßm-eq¿/97

62019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

72019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

kwkvIr-Xhpwae-bm-fhpw:kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kv{X-k-a-ky-IƒtUm.-kn.-cm-tP-{μ≥

kwkvIr-X-hp-am-bp≈ kº¿°w ae-bm-f-̀ m-jm-N-cn-{X-Ønse

kp{]-[m-\-am-sbmcp \mgn-I-°-√m-Wv. `mjsb BsI am‰n-a-dn-

°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p B kº¿°w. t]m¿®p-Ko-kv, U®v, {^©v,

Ad-_nIv XpS-ßnb hyXy-kvX-`m-j-Iƒ kwkm-cn-°p∂ Ht´sd

P\-hn-`m-K-ß-fp-ambn ae-bm-fn-Iƒ CS-]-g-In-bn-´p-s≠-¶nepw

Cw•ojv Hgn-®m¬ as‰mcp `mjbpw kwkvIrXwt]mse ae-bm-

f-Øn¬ C{X-b-[nIw kzm[o\w sNep-Øn-bn-´p-≈-XmbntXm∂p-

∂n-√. [mcmfw kwkvIr-X-]-Z-߃ ̀ mj-bn¬ ÿm\w]nSn-°m≥

CXp Imc-W-am-°n. kwkvIr-X-]-Z-k-ºØv `mj°p ]e-Xcw

{]tbm-K-km-[y-X-I-sfbpw \¬In. `mjbpw kwkvIr-X-hp-am-

bp≈ _‘w \nanØw aWn-{]-hm-f-sa-s∂mcp k¶-c-`mjXs∂

Dc-Øn-cn-™p. X’-a-ß-fmb kwkvIr-X-]-Z-ß-fpsS _mlpeyw

\nanØw Ahsb {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøm≥]mI-Øn¬ en]n

82019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

t]mepw ]cn-jvI-cn-°-s∏-´p. A, C, D, F, H F∂o A©p

{lkzm-£-c-ßfpw B, Cu, Du, G, Hm F∂o Zo¿Lm-£-c-

ßfpw sF, Hu F∂o k‘y-£-c-ßfpw Dƒs∏sS ]{¥≠p

kzcm-£-c-ßfw I, N, S, X, ], M, R, W, \, a, \, b, c, e,

h, g, f F∂o ]Xn-s\´p hyRvP-\m-£-c-ß-fp-apƒs∏-Sp∂ Xangv

A£-c-am-e-bn¬ \n∂p Aº-sØm-∂-£-cm-fo-I-en-X-X-\p-e-X-

bmb ae-bm-f-Øn-te-°p≈ hnIm-k-Øns‚ Nme-I-i‡n

kwkvIr-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. XnI®pw Zqc-hym-]-I-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p Cu

am‰-߃. kwkvIr-X-k-º¿°w krjvSn® am‰-ß-fpsS kmaq-

ln-I-̀ m-j-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Xe-ßsf \ap°v Aev]w hni-Z-ambn-

Øs∂ ]cn-tim-[n-°mw.

aqh-c-si∂p {]kn-≤-amb tNc-tNm-f-]m-fiy-\m-Sp-Iƒ IqSn-

t®¿∂ {]mNo-\-X-an-g-I-Ønse tNc-J-fi-am-bn-cp-∂t√m

C∂sØ tIc-fw. ChnsS hS-°-p\n-∂p≈ Bcy-∑m-cpsS IpSn-

tb-‰-Øn-\p-ap-ºp-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv {Zmhn-U-tKm-{X-Øn¬ Dƒs]´ Xan-

gns‚ Hcp {]mtZ-in-I-t -̀Z-am-bn-cp∂ ae-bmw-X-angv Bbn-cp-∂p-sh-

∂mWv s]mXpth AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]≠p aqh-c-in-

se√mw Htc ]gw-X-an-gm-bn-cp∂p kwkm-c-`m-j. ]n∂oSp tNc-tZ-

i-Øp-am{Xw kwkvIr-X-kzm-[o\w \nanØw Xangv ae-bm-f-am-bn-

cq-]m-¥-c-s∏-́ p F∂n-ßs\ ̀ mjm-N-cn-{XsØ efn-X-am-bn-°m-Wp-

∂-h-cp-≠v. F∂m¬ kwkvIr-X-_‘w \nan-Øhpw a‰-t\Iw LS-

I-ß-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\-^-e-ambpw ]gw-X-an-gn¬\n∂p Gsd

AI∂ B[p-\n-I-a-e-bmfwt]mepw C∂sØ Xan-gn-en-√mØ

]e ]gbcq]-ßfpw {]tbm-K-ßfpw \ne-\n¿Øn-h-cp-∂p-≠v. ae-

bmfw Xan-gn¬\n∂p hgn-Xn-cn-™p-≠m-b-Xm-sW∂ hmZ-Øns‚

D]-cn-π-h-X-sb-bmWv CXp kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ ]gw-

X-an-gn¬\n∂v D-cp-Øn-cn-™p-h∂ {]mtZ-in-I-`m-jm-t`-Z-ß-fm-bn-

cn-°Ww tNc-Ø-an-sg∂ ae-bmw-X-angpw ]mfiy-tNm-f-tZ-i-ß-

fnse Xan-gpw. IrkvXp-h¿jw HºXmw \q‰m≠phsc tIc-f-

°c-bn¬ XangvImhy-߃Xs∂ cNn-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. IqSn-bm-´-

Øns‚ {Ia-Zo-]n-I-Ifpw B -́{]-Im-c-apƒs∏-sS-bp≈ ]g-b-Ir-Xn-

I-fn¬ \m´p-`m-jsb ]cm-a¿in-°m≥ Xangv F∂ hm°p Xs∂-

bmWv D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂-Xv. Hcp ]t£ i¶-cm-Nm-cy-cpsS

C√-Øn¬t]mepw kwkm-cn-®n-cp∂ ̀ mj Xan-gm-bn-cn-°mw. kwL-

Im-e-Ir-Xn-I-fn¬ ]eXpw tNc-km-{am-Py-hp-ambn _‘-ap-≈-h-

bm-Wv. AI-\m-\q-dn-sebpw ]pd-\m-\q-dn-sebpw ]e Ihn-Ifpw

tIc-fo-b-cm-bn-cp-∂p. ]Xn-‰p-]-Ønse \qtdmfw ]m´p-I-fnepw tNc-

cm-Pm-°-∑m-cpsS A]-Zm-\-ß-fm-Wv. Nne-∏-Xn-Im-c-Øns‚ I¿Øm-

hmb Cfw-tIm-h-Sn-Iƒ C∂sØ tIc-f-°-c-bn¬s]´ Ihn-bm-

92019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

bn-cp-∂p. tNc-\m-´n¬ \S-∂-Xmbn Icp-X-s∏-´n-cp∂ kw`-h-ß-

sf-bmWv Nne-∏-Xn-Imcw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂Xv. IrkvXp-h¿jw Ggv

F v́ HºXv \q‰m-≠p-I-fn¬ Xangv̀ ‡n-∏m-́ p-Iƒ cNn® Ihn-Ifn¬

tNc-am≥ s]cp-amƒ \mb-\mcp Ipe-ti-Jc Bƒhmcpw tIc-fo-

b-cm-bn-cp-∂p1.

ae-bmw-X-an-gns\ kwkvIrXw Ft∏mƒ Fß-s\-sbms°

kzm[o-\n-®p-sh∂p Xn -́s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv Ncn-{X-km-a-{Kn-I-fpsS A`m-

h-Øn¬ Hcp henb sh√p-hn-fn-bm-Wv. \nc-h[n Bcy-`m-jm-]-Z-

߃ {]mIr-X-Øn-eq-sS-bmWp ae-bm-f-Øn-se-Øn-b-sX∂

hkvXpX Imcy-ßsf IqSp-X¬ k¶o¿W-am-°p-∂p. tIc-f-°-c-

bn¬ kwkvIr-X-Øn\pw {]mIr-X-Øn\pw ssP\-̨ -_u-≤-̨ -{_m“-

W-hn-`m-K-ß-fpsS IpSn-tb-‰-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´p≈ Ncn-{X-am-

Wp≈-Xv. Cu IpSn-tb-‰-߃ ]e-Im-eØv ]e CS-ß-fn-emWv

\S-∂-Xv. Cu hn[w IpSn-tb-‰-߃ ]›n-a-Xo-c-Øp≈ tIc-f-

°c-bn¬ am{X-a√ kly-]¿h-Øn\p Ing-°p≈ ]mfiy-˛-tNmf-

tZ-i-ß-fn-ep-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ]ns∂ F¥p-sIm≠p ae-

bmw-X-an-gn\pam{Xw henb am‰-ß-fp-≠m-sb∂pw Xangv Cu ]cn-

W-Xn-Isf F¥p-sIm≠p {]Xn-tcm-[n-®p-sh-∂p-ap≈ tNmZy-߃

{]k-‡-am-Wv. Xan-gn¬ X’-a-ß-fmb kwkvIr-X-]-Z-߃ Ipd-

hm-bn-cn-°pw2. F∂m¬ Xan-gnepw [mcmfw XZv̀ -h-]-Z-߃ {]mIr-

X-Øn-eq-sSbpw t\cn´p kwkvIr-X-Øn¬\n∂pw IS-∂p-Iq-Sn-bn-

´p-≠v. ̀ mjm-]-cn-Wmaw ae-bm-f-Øn¬am{X-a-√, sXep-¶nepw I∂-

S-Ønepw kw -̀hn-®p-sh∂pw Hm¿t°-≠-Xp-≠v. tIc-f-Øn¬ h∂

\ºq-Xn-cn-{_m-“-W-∑m¿ CX-c-P-\-hn-̀ m-K-ß-fp-ambn IqSp-X¬ CS-

]-g-In-bXpw Hcp k¶-c-kw-kvIm-c-Øn\pw AXns\ {]Xn-\n-[m\w

sNøp∂ Hcp k¶-c-`m-j°pw hgn-sbm-cp-°n-sb-∂Xpw icn-

bmhmw.

Hcp-`m-KØp Xan-gn-¬\n∂p XnI®pw th¿s]-´n-´n-√mØ ae-

bmw-X-angpw adp-h-iØp hymh-lm-cn-I-̀ m-j-bmbn {]mIr-X-Øns‚

kwkm-c-`m-jm-cq-]hpw A\p-jvTm-\-߃°pw kmln-Xo-b-˛-

imkv{Xo-bm-h-iy-߃°pw Bbn kwkvIr-Xhpw \ne-hn-ep-≠m-

bn-cp∂ Hcp _lp-`m-jm-k-aq-lsØ \ap°p k¶-ev]n-°m-\m-

hp-sa-¶n¬ AXv ae-bmfw Xan-gn¬ \n∂p XnI®pw th¿s]´p

kzX-{¥-cq]w ssIs°m-≈p-∂-Xn-\p-ap≥]p-≠m-bn-cp∂ kml-Ncy-

Øns‚ Hcp Nn{Xw \¬Ipw. Cu _lp-`m-jm-fl-I-amb

kmwkvIm-cn-I-k-aq-l-Øn-s\-bmWv ]Xn-\memw \q‰m-≠n-se-gp-

X-s∏-́ -Xmbn hniz-kn-°-s∏-Sp∂ eoem-Xn-eIw A`n-kw-t_m-[\

sNøp-∂-Xv. `mj-sb∂p hyh-l-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ tIc-f-`m-j,

kwkvIr-Xw, Ch c≠pw XΩn¬ apØpw ]hn-g-hp-sa-∂-t]mse

102019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

tN¿∂ aWn-{]-hmfw F∂o aq∂p Xcw hmMva-b-ß-sf-bmWv

eoem-Xn-e-I-Im-c≥ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-Xv. tIc-f-`m-jbpw Xangpw

XΩn¬ At±lw hyXym-k-sam-∂pw Iev]n-°p-∂n-s√-¶nepw

]m≠n-Ø-an-gn-s\bpw tNmf-Ø-an-gn-s\bpw {]tXyIw ]cm-a¿in-

°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂pw Ch-bpsS hyXymkw AwKo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂p

hy‡w. Cu aq∂p hmMva-b-ß-fpsS {]tbm-K-a-fi-e-߃ hyXy-

kvX-am-sW∂p eoem-Xn-e-I-Øn¬\n∂p hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. `mj-

bpsS Ie¿∏n-√mØ kwkvIr-XsØ eoem-Xn-e-I-Im-c≥ N¿®-

s°-Sp-°p-∂n-√. ]m´p-]m-c-ºcyw ̀ mj-bp-tS-Xm-Wp. ChnsS FXpI

F∂ ZznXo-bm-£-c-{]m-khpw tam\ F∂ BZym-£-c-{]m-khpw

\m´p-`m-jm-hr-Øhpw \n_-‘-\-I-fmbn ]cn-I-ev]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

Cu ]m´p-\n-_-‘-\-I-fn¬ G‰hpwapJy-amb {Zan-Um-£-c-kw-Lm-

X-sa∂ G‰hpw{][m-\-s∏´ \n_-‘-\-sbm-gnsI as‰√mw IY-

I-fn-bpƒs∏-sS-bp≈ ]m´p-km-lnXyw ]n¬°m-eØp \ne-\n¿

Øn-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂Xp ckm-h-l-am-Wv.

kwkvIr-Xhpw {]mIr-Xhpw {]mNo-\-a-e-bm-f-hp-apƒs∏-sS-

bp≈ ̀ mjm-t -̀Z-߃ tIc-f-Øn¬ ]c-kv]-c-kmw-Icyw IqSm-sX-

b√ \ne-\n-∂-Xv. kwkvIr-X-hm-Mva-b-Ønse G‰hpw kwc-£n-

Xmb sshZn-I-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬t]mepw tIc-fo-b-cmb \ºq-Xncn-

am-cpsS CXn-\Iw amXr-̀ m-j-bm-bn-Øo¿∂ ae-bm-f-Øns‚ amXr-

`m-jm-I¿jWw (mother tongue pull) ImWmw. _en > s_en,

Pb > sPb F∂n-ßs\ AIm-c-Øn\p Xme-hy-Omb sImSp-

Øp-sIm-≠p≈ D®m-c-Ww, Xmev]-cyw, {]tNm-Z-bm¬, F∂n-ßs\

kwbp-‡m-£-c-Øns‚ BZn-bnepw ]Zm-¥y-Ønepw XvImc-

Øns\ ev Imc-ambn {]tbm-Kn-°p-I, ARvP\w > A™-\w,

Nμ\w >N∂\w F∂n-ßs\ A\p-\m-kn-Im-Xn-{]-k-c-tØmsS

D®-cn-°pI XpS-ßnb ]e tIc-fo-b-kw-kvIr-tXm-®m-c-W-k-hn-ti-

j-X-I-sfbpw amXr-`m-jm-k-Ω¿±-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ hymJym-

\n-°m-\m-hpw.3 CX-c-{]-hn-iy-I-fn¬ ImWmØ khntij-X-I-

fm-Wt√m Ch. kwkvIr-X-Øns‚ Xncn®p ae-bm-f-Øn-ep-≠mb

kzm[o\w CXnepw F{Xtbm hym]-Ihpw k¶o¿W-hp-am-bn-cp∂p.

ss{Xh¿Wn-I-cp-sSbpw ]mac-cp-sSbpw `mj-Iƒ°p XΩn-ep≈

hyXym-k-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ eoem-Xn-e-I-Im-cs‚ \nco-£-W-߃

ChnsS {it≤-b-ß-fm-Wv. ss{Xh¿Wn-I-∑m¿ A\p-\m-km-Xn-{]-

kcw hcp-Øn h∂m≥, Ccp-∂m≥, tXß, amß F∂pw CX-c¿

X¬ÿm-\Øv h¥m≥, Ccp-¥m≥, tX¶, am¶ F∂p-amWp

{]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-sX∂p eoem-Xn-e-I-Im-c≥ \nco-£n-°p-∂p-≠v.4

CXp-t]mse kwkvIr-X-Øn-¬\n∂p ISwsIm≠ hm°p-I-fpsS

D®m-c-W-Ønepw ]fin-X-˛-]mac-`m-j-Iƒ°p XΩn¬ hyXym-

112019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

k-ap-s≠∂pw eoem-Xn-e-I-Im-c≥ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. Chn-sS-sb√mw

kaq-l-Ønse hn`n-∂-t{i-Wn-bn¬s∏-´-h-cpsS kwkvIr-X-tØm-

Sp≈ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn-ep≈ hyXy-kvX-k-ao-]-\-߃ hy‡-am-Wv.

kwkvIr-Xhpw aWn-{]-hm-fhpw ]m´p-km-lnXyw {]Xn-\n-[m\w

sNøp∂ {Zan-Um-£c kwLm-X-\n-_-≤-amb tIc-f-̀ m-jbpw A`n-

kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂Xv hyXy-kvX-Xcw kmaq-ln-I-t{i-Wn-I-sf-

bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xpw ChnsS FSpØp]d-tb-≠-Xp-≠v. ss{X

h¿Wn-I-cpsS kwkvIr-X-]-£-]mXw {]kn-≤-am-Wv. \nXy-Po-hn-

X-Øn¬ \ºq-Xn-cn-am¿ ip≤-a-e-bm-f-]-Z-ß-fmb ]´n, ]q®,

t]mØv, Fen, Ipdp-°≥, Fcp-a, B\ F∂n-h-sbm∂pw AXn-

cm-hnse ]d-b-cp-sX∂pw XXvÿm\Øv izmhv, am¿Pm-c≥,

alnjw, aqjn-I≥, t{ImjvSm-hv, aln-jn, KPw, F∂n-h-sbms°

am{Xta {]tbm-Kn-°mhq F∂p-ap≈ BNm-c-sØ-°p-dn®v ]n.-`m-

kvI-c-\pÆn ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p-≠v.5 {]mNo-\-˛-a-[y-Im-e-ß-fn¬

kwkvIr-X-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cp∂ Ihn-Iƒ hfsc hnc-f-amtb ae-

bm-f-`m-j-bn¬ kmln-Xy-c-N\ \n¿h-ln-®n-cp-∂p-≈q. am{X-a-√,

Ah¿°p e`n-®n-cp∂ t{]m’m-l\w AtX-]Sn ae-bm-f-`m-j-

bn¬ kmln-Xy-c-N\ \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂-h¿°p e`n-®n-cp-∂n-s√-∂Xpw

hy‡-am-Wv. sFXn-ly-Øns‚ hmkvX-h-sa-¥p-X-s∂-bm-bmepw

]p\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Ac-°-hn-sb∂ [mcW s]mXp-t_m-[-Øn-

ep≈ ImgvN-∏m-Sn-s\-Ø-s∂-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ss{Xh¿Wn-

I-\m-bn-́ p-IqSn ̀ mjm-Ihn am{X-am-b-Xn-\m-ep≈ Ah-K-W\ t\cn-

tS-≠nh∂ ]q¥m-\-Øns‚ IYbpw ChnsS Hm¿°m-hp-∂-XmWv.

Im_qƒ apX¬ Pmh hsc \o≠p-In-S-°p∂ hnkvXr-X-amb Hcp

`q{]-tZ-iØv hf-sc-°mew kwkvIrXw cmPm-°-∑msc kw_-

‘n-®n-S-tØmfw {]i-kvXn-I-fn-eq-sSbpw A]-Zm-\-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw

Db¿∂ kmaq-ln-Imw-Ko-Im-c-Øn-\p≈ {]th-i-\-I-hm-S-am-bn-cp-

∂p-sh∂ hkvXpX sjƒU¨ t]mfIv ka¿∞n-°p-∂p-≠v.6

Zm¿i-\n-I-˛-km-t¶-XnI ⁄m\-hy-h-ÿ-I-fpsS kwc-£-Whpw

]ucm-Wn-I-I-Ym-]p-\-cm-Jym-\hpw ¢m n-°¬ Nn´-h-´-ß-fpsS

A\p-kyp-Xn-bp-d-∏n-°epw cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS {]ikvXnbpsS Bte-

J-\hpw A`n-Pm-X-amb Hcp A\p-hm-N-I-h¿K-Øns‚ Bkzm-Z-

\-Øn\p sIev]p≈ kmln-Xy-c-N-\-bp-sam-s°-bmWv tIc-fo-b-

kw-kvIr-X-I-hn-Iƒ e£ywsh®-Xv. aWn-{]-hm-f-Øns‚ kmaq-

ln-I-[¿a-sa-¥m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-cm-bp-∂Xpw A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-

amWv. tIc-f-Ønse aWn-{]-hm-f-km-ln-Xy-N-cn-{XsØ c≠p L -́

ß-fmbn Xncn-°mw. BZy-L-´-Ønse IrXn-I-fn-e-[n-Ihpw

aWn-{]-hm-f-hn-tZybw ]mT-tI-jz-h-Xn-jvTtX

ew_-in-{]n-]-co-hmcm aln-fm-fn-a-lm-kv]Zm

122019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

F∂ {]mNo-\-amb t«mI-Øn¬ hnh-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xp-t]mse

kv{Xoku-μ-cy-h¿W-\m-{]m-b-ß-fmb sshj-bn-I-Xbpw t`mK-

em-e-k-Xbpw XpSn-°p∂ irwKm-c-Ir-Xn-I-fm-Wv. sshin-I-X-{¥w,

DÆn-b-®o-N-cn-Xw, DÆn-bm-So-N-cn-Xw, DÆn-®n-cp-tX-ho-N-cn-Xw, DÆp-

\o-en-k-tμ-iw, Nt{μm-’hw XpS-ßnb IrXn-I-sf√mw Cu hIp-

∏n¬ s]Spw. CXn¬\n∂p hyXy-kvX-ambn \nc-Ww-Ir-Xn-I-sf-

t∏m-sebpw cma-N-cnXwt]mse-bp-ap≈ ]m´p-km-ln-Xy-Ønse

`‡n-{]-h-W-X-bpsS kzm[o-\-ta‰ Nºp-{K-Ÿ-ß-fmWv c≠mw-

L´-a-Wn-{]-hm-f-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬ ÿm\w]nSn-®-Xv. eoem-Xn-e-I-

Im-c≥ Xs‚ \n¿h-N-\-Øn\p hnt[-b-am-°n-bXv {]mNo-\-X-an-g-

I-Øns‚ `mK-am-bn-cp∂ tIc-f-Øns‚ ]m´p-km-ln-Xy-N-cn-{X-

Ønse BZy-L-́ -sØ-bm-Wv. c≠mw L -́Øn¬ ]m´p-km-lnXyw

{Zan-U-kw-Lm-Xm-£-c-\n-_-≤-sa∂ kp{]-[m-\-\n-_-‘-\-

bn¬\n∂p ap‡-ambn [mcmfw kwkvIr-X-]-Z-ßfpw Ahsb

{]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøm-\p≈ kwkvIr-X-h¿W-hy-h-ÿbpw Dƒ

s°m-≠p-sIm-≠mWv hnI-kn-®-Xv.

kwkvIr-X-hp-am-bp≈ kº¿°w ae-bm-f-Øn-ep-f-hm-°nb ]cn-

Wm-a-ß-fpsS B[p-\n-I-Im-esØ kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kv{X-]-c-

amb {]k-‡n-bm-cm-tb-≠-Xp-≠v. kmaq-ln-I-t{iWn F{]-Imcw

A\y-̀ m-j-I-fn¬\n∂p ]Zw ISw-sIm-f-fp-∂-Xn¬ \n¿Wm-b-I-am-

Ip-∂p-sh-∂-Xns‚ kqN\ eoem-Xn-eIwXs∂ \¬Ip-∂p-≠v.

ss{Xh¿Wn-I-∑m-cpsS hyh-lm-c-Øn¬ Nne-t∏mƒ kwkvIr-Xm-

£-c-kv]¿iw ImWm-sa∂ hrØn-Im-cs‚ ]cm-a¿iw ChnsS

DZm-l-cn-°mw. D]-hm-kw, kc-k≥, Zo£, Cuiz-c≥, ssZhw,

iwJv, ]qP XpS-ßnb kwkvIr-X-]-Z-ßsf X’-a-am-bn-Øs∂

ss{Xh¿Wn-I¿ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-s≠∂p eoem-Xn-e-I-hrØn

km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Chn-sS-sb√mw Iogm-f¿ X¤-h-ß-fm-Wp-

]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≈-Xv. en]n-bnepw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p hyXym-kw. {_m“-

Wcpw a‰pw Bcy Fgp-Øp-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ kmam-\y-P-\-

߃ hs´-gp-Øm-Wp-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.7

eoem-Xn-eIw Fgp-X-s∏-́ -Xn-\p-tijw ]m´p-km-ln-Xy-Øn\pw

aWn-{]-hm-f-km-ln-Xy-Øn\pw XΩn¬ hn`m-h\wsNø-s∏´

hyXym-k-߃ ]eXpw C√m-Xm-sb-∂m-Wp kmln-Xy-N-cn{Xw

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. aWn-{]-hm-f-Øn¬ hn -̀‡y-¥-kw-kvIr-X-ap-≠m-

bn-cn-°-W-sa∂ \n_-‘-\-bpsS Im¿°iyw ]n∂oSv Ipd-™p-

h-∂p. Ip©≥ \ºym-cpsS {ioIr-jvW-N-cnXw aWn-{]-hm-f-apƒs∏-

sS-bp≈ ]n¬°m-e-Ir-Xn-I-fn¬ hn`-‡y-¥-kw-kvIr-]-Z-ß-fpsS

A\p-]mXw Ipd-™p. tIc-f-`m-jm-]-Z-{]-Ir-Xn-I-sf-t∏mepw

kwkvIr-X-hn-`-‡n-{]-Xy-b-߃ tN¿Øp {]tbm-Kn-°p∂

132019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

]p]q-Intc ]¥-e-IØp NqIcm: NpNq-Sntc ame ]dn-s®m-

c¿Øtc

XX-√ntc XΩn-e-Xoh tLmcambv aa-≠ntc sIm≠p aWm´n

Xs∂bpw 8

XpS-ßnb hmIy-ssi-en-bn¬\n∂p aWn-{]-hmfw

Zpcn-X-\n-[n-I-fmb Zm\-hm\mw `c-a-Xn-Zp- -l-am-I-bm-sem-cp-

\mƒ

[c-Wn-`-K-hXn hncn-©-temtI hnc-shmSpsN∂p hW-ßn-

\n∂p sNm∂mƒ

F∂ Xcw hn`-‡y-¥-kw-kvIr-X-]-Z-bp-‡-amb ssien-bn-

te°pwNm™Xv kzm`m-hn-I-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Ahn-sSbpw

\n¬°msX

sNdp-∏-Im-e-ß-fn-ep≈ ioew ad-°ptam am\p-j-\p≈ Imew

Imc-kvI-c-Øn≥ Ipcp ]men-en-´m¬ Ime-¥tc Ibv]p kln-

∏-Xpt≠m

F∂ kwkvIr-X-]-Z-{]-Ir-Xn-Ifpw {Zmhn-U-{]-Xy-b-ßfw

tN¿∂ ssien-bmbn am\-I-`m-j-bp-tS-Xv. ChnsS "Imem-¥tc'

F∂ C∂sØ `mj Hgn-hm-°nb Hscm‰ hn`-‡y-¥-kw-kvIr-

X-]-Z-ta-bp≈p. C∂p \mw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ae-bm-f-Øn¬ Znh-

tk-\, ]{X-Zzm-cm, k¿h-Ym, hnin-jy, k¿h-{X, k¿thmXvI¿

jtW XpS-ßnb hf-sc-°p-d®p ]Z-߃ am{Xta kwkvIr-X-{]-

Xy-bm-¥-ß-fm-bn-´p-≈p.

eoem-Xn-eIw hn`m-h\wsNøp∂ ip≤-{Zm-hn-U-`m-jm-\n-_-≤-

amb ]ms´∂ k¶-ev]hpw ]n∂oSp ]cn-h¿Ø-\-hn-t[-b-am-bn.

IrjvW-∏m´ns\bpw ⁄m\-∏m-\-sb-bp-sa√mw Ah-bpsS ae-

bmf-Ø-\na \nanØw ]m´p-km-ln-Xy-ambn ]cn-K-Wn-°m-hp-∂-

XmWv. F∂m¬ Ac-ßØp ]mSm-\p≈ IY-I-fn-∏m-´n¬ FXp-

Ibpw tam\-bp-sam-s°-°m-Wp-sa-¶nepw ip≤-a-e-bm-fnØw

ImWpI hnj-a-am-bn-cn°pw. Npcp-°-Øn¬ eoem-Xn-eIw hn`m-

h\wsNbvX coXn-bn-e√ ae-bm-f-km-lnXyw ]n∂oSp hnI-kn-

®-sX∂p ImWmw. X∑qew ]m´n-s‚bpw aWn-{]-hm-f-Øn-s‚bpw

e£-W-Øn\p Ncn-{X-]-c-amb {]k-‡n-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. C∂sØ

XnI®pw P\-Io-b-amb Ne-®n-{X-Km-\-ß-fn¬t∏mepw [mcmfw

kwkvIr-X-]-Z-߃ Ie¿Ønb cN-\m-ssien hnc-f-a-√.

Hc-‰Øp [mcmfw kwkvIr-X-]-Z-߃ tN¿°m-hp∂ ssien,

at‰ A‰Øp ip≤-amb {Zmhn-U-]-Z-߃ am{X-ap≈ ssien˛ Cß-

s\-sbmcp h¿W-cm-Pnsb k¶-ev]n-®m¬ B[p\n-I-X-bpsS

ap≥s]-bp≈ ae-bm-f-c-N-\-I-fpsS ssieo-km-[y-X-I-fpsS ̀ q]Sw

Xøm-dm-°m-\m-hp-tam? sImtfm-Wn-b¬ B[p-\n-I-X°p ap≥]p≈

142019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

`mjm-an-{i-WsØ kwkvIr-X-Øn¬am{Xw HXp-°n-\n¿Øn-bm¬

Cu ImgvN-∏m-Sn\p km[p-X-bp-≠m-hpw. Aßs\ t\m°p-tºmƒ

\ΩpsS a[y-Im-e-c-N-\-Iƒ Fhn-sS-sbms° ÿm\-s∏-SpØmw?

DØcw k¶o¿W-am-Wv. ss{Xh¿Wn-I-cp-tSXv kwkvIr-X-]-Z-_-

lp-e-amb cN-\-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw A√m-Ø-h-cp-tS-Xn¬ kwkvIr-

X-]-Z-߃ Ipd-hm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw \mw kmaq-ln-I-bm-Ym¿∞y-

ßsf Bkv]-Zn®p Duln-t®-°mw, F∂m¬ A{X efn-X-a√

Imcy-߃. \sS-∏-d™ sNdp-t»-cn-sbbpw ]q¥m-\-Øn-s\bpw

Fßs\ `mjm-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn hni-Zo-I-cn°mw? s]mXp-hn¬

IqSn-b√ ]nd-°p∂ t\cØpw IqSn-b√ acn-°p∂ t\cØpw

at[y-bn-ßs\ ImWp∂ t\cØp a’-cn-°p-∂-sX-¥n\p \mw

hrYm

F∂ Xc-Øn-ep≈ ip≤-a-e-bm-f-tØm-S-SpØ ssien-bmWv

ss{Xh¿Wn-I-cmb Ihn-I-fn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw ImWp-∂-Xv. ss{X

h¿tW-X-c-cmb Ihn-I-fmb Xp©-sØ-gp-Ø-—-s\-t∏m-se-bp-≈-

h-cn-ep≈

N£p-{»-h-W-K-f-ÿamw Z¿Zpcw

`£-W-Øn-∂-t]-£n-°p-∂Xp t]mse

F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ kwkvIr-X-{]m-Np-cy-a-√. Cu ae-bm-fnØw

sh◊-Wn-°m-eØpw XpS¿∂p \ne-\n¬°p-∂Xp ImWmw

kwkvIr-X-®mbvhv thssZ-[n-Im-chpw a‰pw \ntj-[n-°-s∏´ P\-

hn-`m-K-ß-fpsS Bflm-hn-jvI-c-W-Xz-c-bm-hmt\ hgn-bp-≈p.

tIc-f-Øns‚ `mjm-ssh-hn-[ysØ ]c-am-h[n D]-tbm-Kn®

Hcp Iem-cq]w IqSn-bm-´am-Wv. ChnsS DØ-a-cmb IYm-]m-{X-

߃ kwkvIr-X-Ønepw kv{XoIfpw \oN-I-Ym-]m-{X-ßfpw {]mIr-

X-Ønepw BWp kwkm-cn-t°-≠-sX∂ \n_-‘-\°p ]pdta

hnZq-j-I-s\-t∏m-ep≈ IYm-]m-{X-߃ aWn-{]-hm-f-sa-∂p-Xs∂

hnti-jn-∏n-°m-hp∂ `mjbpw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xp ImWmw.

tXmes‚ {]Xn-t«m-I-ß-fn¬ aWn-{]-hm-fsØ lmky-Øn-\p-

]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ {]h-WX i‡-am-Wv. eoem-Xn-e-I-Im-c≥ ]cm-

a¿in-°p∂ am¿Zw-Kn-I-Ø-angv i‡n-`-{Zs‚ B›-cy-Nq-Um-a-Wn-

bpsS cwKm-h-X-c-W-Øn¬ koX-bpsS kw`m-jWw Ah-X-cn-∏n-

°p∂ \ºym-cpsS Xangp ]d-bp∂ ̀ mK-Øn¬ ImWp-∂Xp Xs∂-

bm-Wv. iq¿]-WJ t]mep≈ ]m{X-ß-fpsS kwkm-c-`m-jbpw

ae-bm-f-Ønse ]m¿iz-h¬Ir-X-cmb Zfn-X-cp-sSbpw a‰p `mj-

tbmSp kmZr-iy-ap-≈-XmWv. `mjm-{]-tbm-K-ssh-hn[yw ]e-

t∏mgpw aqe-{K-Ÿ-Im-c-∑m-cn¬ kμn-Kv[-X-Iƒ krjvSn-°m-Xn-cp-

∂n-´n-√. kmam-Pn-I-cpsS `mjm-{]m-ho-WysØ Bkv]-Z-am-°n-

bmWv Ip©≥ \ºym-sc-t∏m-ep≈ Ihn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS am[yaw

152019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Xnc-s™-Sp-Ø-Xv. `S-P-\-߃°p ckn-°m≥ ]mI-Øn¬ Nmcp-

tI-c-f-̀ m-jsb kzoI-cn-°p-tºmƒ \ºym¿ Xs‚ A\p-hm-N-I¿°p-

Nn-X-amb am[yaw Is≠-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. CtX \ºym¿ Xs∂

{ioIr-jvW-N-cnXw aWn-{]-hm-f-Øn¬ as‰mcp `mjm-\-b-amWv

kzoI-cn®p ImWp-∂-Xv.

a[p-cn-]p-N-cnXw at\m-`n-cmaw a[p-c-]-Zm-I-enXw aWn-{]-hmfw

aXn-I-a-e-hn-Im-k-tl-Xp-`qXw IXn-]-b-k¿K-anZw Itcman

Imhyw

F∂n-ßs\ Xm≥ aWn-{]-hm-f-Øn-emWv cNn-°p-∂-sX-∂p

kwkvIr-X-Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS kwkvIr-X-{]-Np-c-amb

aWn-{]-hm-f-amWv Xm≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂p A¿Y-i-

¶-bn-√msX shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

kwkvIr-X-kv]¿i-an-√mØ ]®-a-e-bm-f-Øn¬ kmln-Xy-c-N\

\n¿h-ln-®m-se-s¥∂p Nn¥n® Ihn-Ifpw B[p-\n-I-Im-e-Øp-

≠m-bn-´p-≠v. sh◊Wn{]ÿm\w s]mXpth kwkvIr-Xm-[n-]-

Xy-Øn-t\m-sS-Xn-cn´ Hcp {]h-W-X-bm-bn-cp∂p. Ip≠q¿ \mcm-b-

W-ta-t\ms‚ \mep `mjm-Im-hy-߃ ]®-a-e-bmf {]ÿm-\-

Øns‚ Zni-bn-ep-s≈mcp ]pXp-a-bm¿∂ kwcw-`-am-bn-cp-∂p.

hmtf sXfn-™o-SpI \n≥]Wn Xo¿∂-Xn√

\msf°p \o´n-SpI \ns‚-bp-d-°-sa√mw

Btf-sd-bp-≠nX hcp∂p ]Sbv°p tXs©m

√msf \n\-°n-\n-bp-an-s∂mcp Imgv® ImWmw9

F∂ a´n-ep≈ Cu ]®-a-e-bm-f-ssien thcp]nSn-°msX

t]mb-Xns‚ ImcWw {Zmhn-U-]-Z-߃am{Xw D]-tbm-Kn-®m-ep-

≠m-hp∂ Hcp GI-Xm-\-X-bm-Wv. tIhew kwkvIr-X-k-º¿°-

Øn\ptijw ae-bm-f-nbn-ep-≠mb ioe-am-‰-a-√.

\nhr-Øn-bp-s≠-¶n¬ {Zmhn-U-]-Z-߃ hn\y-kn-°p-I-sb∂

h≈-tØm-fns‚ D]-tZiw Xs‚ cN-\-Isf kzm[o-\n® hnhcw

kwkvIr-X-]-fin-X\pw ae-bm-f-ssi-eo-h-√-̀ -\p-amb Ip´n-Ir-jvW-

am-cm¿ hnh-cn-®n-´p-≠v. amcm-cpsS

Ahƒs°gpw XmcWnthWnam{Xw kvanXm¿{Z-am-sbs‚

apJØp t\m°n

F∂ hcn-Isf h≈-tØmƒ

Ahƒs°gpw Xmc-Wn-th-Wn-am-{X-sa-t∂¿°nfw ]p©n-cn-

bn´n-cp∂p

F∂p XncpØn C{]-Imcw ]d-™p-ht{X: ""CXmWp kwkvIr-

X-]-Z-߃°p ]Icw ae-bmfw {]tbm-Kn-®m-esØ ̂ ew.'' h≈-

tØm-fns‚ D]-tZ-i-Øn¬ hen-sbmcp Iem-c-lkyw Hfn-™n-cn-

°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw {]mtbm-Kn-I-cw-KØv kwkvIr-X-]-Z-ßsf ]mtS

162019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

h¿Pn-®p≈ Hcp `mjm-ssi-ensb hn`m-h\w sNøm≥ \ap-°m-

hn-√. Hcp ]T-\-Øn¬ thWp-tKm-]m-e-∏-Wn-°¿ kqNn-∏n-®n-´p-

≈-Xp-t]mse IS-sa-Sp-∏p-ioew\nanØw ae-bm-f-Øn\p Xan-gn-

\p-≈-Xp-t]m-se ]pXnb {ZmhnU ]Z-t®-cp-h-Iƒ krjvSn-°m-

\p≈ tijn ssItamiwh∂n-´p-≠v.10 ]Icw kwkvIr-X-Ønse

IrØ-≤n-X-k-am-k-ßsf B{i-bn-®mWv ]pXnb ]Z-ßsf \mw

krjvSn-°p-∂-Xv. imkv{X-̨ -am-\-hn-I-hn-j-b-߃ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂

{]_-‘-ß-fnepwa‰pw CØcw ]pXp-I-ev]-\-I-fpsS Bh-iy-IX

B¿°pw \ntj-[n-°m-\m-hn-√. Cw•ojv]Z-߃ AtX]Sn

kzmwio-I-cn-°p∂ coXn-bn¬ C∂pw A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp∂ Ir{Xn-

aXzw kwkvIr-X-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ ae-bm-fn°p Nnc-]-cn-Nbw

\nanØw A{X-Xs∂ tXm∂p-I-bp-an-√. am{X-a-√, ]{X-ß-fn-eq-

sSbpw a‰p am[y-a-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw {]N-cn-°p∂ am\-I-`m-j-bn¬

kwkvIr-X-]-Z-ß-fpsS tNcph h¿[-am-\-am-Wv. Gsd-°psd Xan-

gpƒs∏-sS-bp≈ B[p-\n-I-`m-c-Xo-b-`m-j-I-fnepw ÿnXn CsXm-

s°-Ø-s∂-bm-Wv. CsXmcp ]cm-[o-\-Xbpw _m[y-X-bp-am-b√

`mjm-kvt\-ln-Iƒ ImtW-≠-Xv. \nhr-Øn-bp-t≈-SØp ae-bm-

f-]-Z-߃ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-sb∂ \bw XnI®pw kzmK-Xm¿l-

am-Wv. F∂m¬ ]pXp-I-ev]-\-Iƒ Bh-iy-ap-≈-t∏mƒ \mw kzmb-

Ø-am-°nb kwkvIr-X-]-Z-k-º-Øp-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Hcp sX‰p-

an-√. Cw•o-jp-t]m-ep≈ `mj-Iƒ eØo≥ ]Z-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn-

®mWp XnI®pw k¶o¿W-ß-fmb imkv{X-X-Xz-ßfpw a‰pw {]Xn-

]m-Zn-°p-∂-sX∂ hkvXpX \mw hnkva-cn-®p-Iq-Sm. GXm-bmepw

P\m-[n-]-Xy-\n-jvTamb B[p-\n-I-kaq-l-Øn¬ kwkvIr-X-sa∂

BIm-c-km-a{Kn Xs∂bpw tIh-e-h-tc-Wy-`mj F∂ \ne hn´v

km¿h-{Xn-tIm-]-tbm-K-Øn-\p≈ Hcp D]m-[n-bmbn amdn-°-gn™p

F∂-XmWv hmkvX-hw.

d^-d≥kv cN-\-Iƒ

1. ap hc-Z-cm-P≥, Xangv kmln-Xy-N-cn-{Xw, t]. 72. "NnssX-¥\ hcn\pw Cssb-¥\ hc-bm¿' F∂p sXm¬

Im∏nbw Imhy-`m-j-bn¬ X’-a-ßsf hne-°n-bn-´p-≠v.ImWpI, Sn.-_n.-th-Wp-tKm-]m-e-∏-Wn-°¿, "kwkvIr-X-{]-`mhwXan-gnepw ae-bm-f-Ønepw', `mjm-tem-Iw, t].66

3. tUm.-sI.-Ip-©pÆn cmP, tUm.-Sn.-_n.-th-Wp-tKm-]m-e-∏-Wn-°¿F∂n-h¿ tIc-fo-b-cpsS kwkvIr-tXm-®m-c-WsØ°pdn-®p≈Kl-\-amb ]T-\-߃ \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. ImWpI: K.KunjunniRaja, Kerala Pronunciation of Malayalam, in Rajasudha, pp.190-208.Sn.-_n.-th-Wp-tKm-]m-e-∏-Wn-°¿, "ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS kwkvIr-tXm-®m-cWw', `mjm-tem-Iw, t].31˛45.

4. eoem-Xn-e-Iw, t]. 109, Fkv.-hn.-j-◊p-Jw, eoem-Xn-e-Iw kmaq-

172019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

ln-I-̀ m-jm-im-kv{X-Zr-jvSn-bn¬, hnh.-Sn.-_n.thWp-tKm-]m-e-∏-Wn-°¿, t].43.

5. ]n.-`m-kvI-c-\p-Æn, ]sØm-ºXmw \q‰m-≠nse tIc-fw, t].121.6. Sheldon Pollock, The language of the Gods in the World of Men

pp.115-1487. Fkv.-hn.-j-◊p-Jw, eoem-Xn-eIw kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kv{X-

ZrjvSn-bn¬, t].44.8. kμ¿t` kwkvIr-Xo-IrXm N F∂ (2.18) kq{X-Øn-eqsS

eoem-Xn-e-I-Im-c≥ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xv CØcw {]tbm-K-ß-sf-bm-Wv. CØcw ]Z-߃ km[m-c-W-kw-km-c-`m-j-bn¬ Hcn-°epw {]tbm-Kn-°m-dn-s√∂ \nco-£-W-hp-ap-≠v. eoem-Xn-e-Iw,t].70

9. Fw.-B¿.-\m-b¿ D≤-cn-®Xv "Ip≠q¿', kmln-Xy-\n-I-jw, t].232,amXr-`q-an, 1988

10. Sn.-_n.-th-Wp-tKm-]m-e-∏-Wn-°¿, "ae-bm-f-`m-j-bn¬ F{XkwkvIr-X-ap≠v?' `mjm-tem-Iw, t].57˛58.

{KŸ-kqNn (a-e-bm-fw)

Ip©≥ \ºym¿, {ioIr-jvW-N-cn-Xw aWn-{]-hm-fw, tIc-f-km-lnXy A°m-Z-an, 1999

Fw.-B¿. \mb¿, kmln-Xy-\n-I-jw, amXr-`q-an, 1988D≈q¿ Fkv. ]c-ta-izc Aø¿, tIcf kmln-Xy-N-cn-{Xw, tIc-f-

k¿h-I-em-ime 1990]n. `mkvI-c-\p-Æn, ]sØm-ºXmw \q‰m-≠nse tIcfw, tIcf

kmlnXy A°m-Z-an, 2000Fw. eoem-h-Xn, ae-bm-f-I-hn-Xm-km-ln-Xy-N-cn{Xw tIc-f-km-lnXy

A°m-Zan 2002ap. hc-Z-cm-P≥, Xangv kmln-Xy-N-cn-{Xw, kmlnXy A°m-Zan, 2000Sn.-_n.thWp-tKm-]m-e-∏-Wn-°¿, ̀ mjm-tem-Iw, Un.-kn.-_p-Ivkv, 2006Fkv.-hn. j◊p-Jw, eoem-Xn-eIw kmaq-ln-I-`m-jm-im-kv{X-Zr-jvSn-

bn¬ (hn-h.-Sn.-_n.-th-Wp-tKm-]m-e-∏-Wn-°¿), tIc-f-`mjm C≥Ãn-‰yq´v1995

IrjvW-]n-≈, F≥, ssIc-fn-bpsS IY Unkn _pIvkv, 2007

(English)

Deshpande, Madhav M., Sanskrit and Prakrit: Sociolinguistic IssuesMotilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1993.

Pollock, Sheldon., The language of the Gods in the World of Men Uni-versity of California Press, Berkely, 2006

Sankunny Nair, M.P, Points of Contact between Prakrit and Malayalam,Intenational School of Dravidian Linguistics, 1995

Wardhaugh, Donald, An Introduction to Sociolinguistics, Basil Blackwell,1990

(aZn-cmin k¿h-I-em-ime ae-bm-f-hn-`m-K-Øn¬ 2019 P\p-hcn]Øn\p \S-Ønb tUm.-sI.-Fw.-{]-`m-I-c-hm-cn-b¿ F≥tUm-hvsa‚ v{]`m-jWw)

182019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

PohnXm`nhmRvObpsSkvss{XWapJwtUm. Fkv. {iotZhn

""s^an\nkw i‡amb ImgvN∏mSpw {]ÿm\hpambtXmsS

kv{XoPohnXØns‚ bYm¿∞ Nn{XWw kv{XoIƒ°pam{Xta

km≤yamIq F∂ [mcW cq]s∏´ncn°p∂p. kv{Xo]£sa∂p

]dbmhp∂ cN\Ifn¬t∏mepw kv{XobpsS bYm¿∞kz`mh

a√ ImWp∂Xv F∂ hmZw C∂v i‡amWv.''1 Fsse≥ tjm

hm¿´dns‚ ""kmlnXy Ncn{XØnse kv{Xok¶ev]w Ft∏mgpw

]pcpjho£WØn¬ \n∂p≠mbXmWv. kv{XoIfpsS A\p`h

ßfpw Nn¥Ifpw Hcn°epw kmlnXy temItØ°p IS∂p

h∂n√. Ft∏mgpw kv{Xosb∏‰n ]pcpj\p≈ A\p`hßfpw

Nn¥IfpamWv kaqlØnse∂t]mse kmlnXyØnepw

ImWp∂Xv''2 F∂ ImgvN∏mSpw {it≤bamWv.

FgpØpImcs‚ Dƒ°mgvN°pw k¿K`mh\bv°pw kv{Xo

PohnXØns‚ \nKqVXIfnte°v hym]cn°m≥ Ignbpw F∂

Xns‚ km£ys∏SpØembn \nch[n kmlnXykrjvSnIƒ

D≠v. Imcq¿, Ddq_v XpSßnbhcpsS kv{Xoa\ ns‚

BhnjvImcw DØtamZmlcWßfmWv.

""imizXamb KqVm¿∞amWv kv{Xo.''3 F∂ t{^mbnUnb≥

192019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

ho£Ww. XnI®pw kmwK-Xy-ap-≈-XmWv F∂v t{^m-bn-Uns\

D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v tcWp-I-knwKv A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. AXn\m

emhmw kv{Xoa\ v F°metØbpw FgpØpImcpsSbpw

CjvShnjbambXpw. kn.hn. {iocmas‚ kv{XoIYm]m{X

Nn{XWw Cu ImgvN∏mSns‚ km[qIcWamWv. kv{Xoa\ ns‚

\nKqVXIfpw hyXncn‡XIfpw A\mhrXam°p∂Xn¬ {io

cma≥ {i≤mephmIp∂p. "PohnXXzc'bpsS k^eoIcWØn

\mbn sshhn[yhpw sshNn{Xyhpam¿∂ thj߃ kzoIcn

°p∂ kvss{XWhy‡nXz߃ {iocmas‚ IYm`qanIbnse

angnhm¿∂ krjvSnIfmWv.

kvss{XWXbpsS BZ¿iip≤nsbbpw h{IXsbbpw Hcp

t]mse a\ nem°m≥ {iocma≥ {ian°p∂p.

PohnXZpc¥ßƒ°nSbnepw A`nam\nbmb hmkvXplmc

bnse BcXn∏Wn°¿, ]pcpjklPamb hnπhhocyhpw

kaXzt_m[hpw a\ssÿcyhpw {]ISn∏n°p∂ Zab¥n F∂n

h¿ {iocmas‚ BZ¿ih\nXIfmWv. Chcn¬\n∂pw hyXykvX

cmbn PohnXm`nhmRvObpsS t{]cWbn¬ A[¿ΩNmcnIfmb

kv{XoIYm]m{Xßsfbpw kn.hn. IYmtemIØv Z¿in°mw.

At±lØns‚ IYIfnse IcpØp‰ IYm]m{Xßfmbn Chsc

IW°m°mhp∂XmWv.

PohnXmk‡n°papºn¬ amXrXzsØ XyPnt°≠nh∂

""a\ n¬ Dcp°p]c°p∂p'hnse kv{Xo, icocXrjvW ian∏n

°m≥ AhnlnX_‘sØ B{ibn°pIbpw tijw PohnX

]mXbn¬ {i≤tbmsS Icp°ƒ \o°pIbpw sNøp∂ tkXp

e£van, sX‰mb kaql\nbaßsf sX‰pIƒsIm≠v AXn

Pohn®v PohnXhnPbw t\Snb kp∫Ω, A¥xkwL¿j

sØbpw I]SXsbbpw ad®p]nSn®v am\yXbpsS ]cnthjw

AWnbm\p≈ shºen\nSbn¬ `oXnP\Iamb `mh{]IS\

߃ ImgvNhbv°p∂ tdmkΩ amØ≥ F∂nhsc√mw Akm

[mcWhy‡nXzßfmWv.

`¿Ømhns‚ acWtijw `¿XrktlmZcs\ hnhmlw

sNtø≠nh∂ "a\ n¬ Dcp°p]c°p∂p'hnse kv{Xosb

hnhmlkabØpw kz¥w aIs\°pdn®p≈ BIpeXIfmWv

Ae´nbXv. tUmIvSsd ImWms\∂ hymtP\ kz¥w hnhml

Øn\mbn t]mb AΩsb ImWmXmbt∏mƒ A{Iaw Im´nb

aIs\ AhfpsS A\pPØn kz¥w ho´nte°v sIm≠pt]mbn.

t]mbt∏mƒ "AΩsb ImWm≥ C\n Rm≥ hcn√' F∂mbn

cp∂p Ahs‚ {]Xn⁄. "s\s‚ ÿm\Øv Rm\msW¶n¬

Cßs\sbmcp tamlw tXm∂n√. A∏qs‚ ssIbpw]nSn®v

202019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Fßs\sb¶nepw Ignbpw.' F∂v GSØnbΩbpsS Ip‰s∏Sp

Øen\v AhfpsS {]XnIcWw ""Rm≥ Cßs\ sNbvXns√¶n¬

Fs∂ Bcm t\m°zm, F\ns°s¥¶nepw ]WnsNøm≥

Adntbzm, Pohn°s≠'' F∂mbncp∂p. AhfpsS Akzm{i

bXzsØ ImcWh∑m¿ X߃°\pIqeam°n. tPmenÿeØv

`mcybpw Ip´nbpw D≠v F∂h¿ hnizkn°p∂ aIs\ t\sc

bm°nsbSp°pI F∂Xpw Ah¿ Cu hnhmlØneqsS e£y

am°p∂p. aIs\ tPmenÿetØ°p sIm≠p t]mIWw F∂

AhfpsS At]£ \nckn® `¿Ømhns\s°m≠v hnhml

]nt‰∂v aIs\ I≠n´v t]mImw F∂hƒ kΩXn∏n°p∂p.

hnhml∏nt‰∂v aIs\ ImWm≥ XømdmImsX Ahƒ bm{X

bmIp∂p. `¿Xrkm∂n[yw \¬Inb kpc£nXXzhpw PohnX

cXnbpsS Hm¿Ωs∏SpØepIfpw Ahsf AXn¬\n∂pw ]n¥n

cn∏n°p∂p. PohnXm`n\nthiØn\p apºn¬ amXrXzw \njv{]`

amIp∂p.

hn`n∂ßfmb c≠v kvss{XW hy‡nXzßsf A`napJambn

Im´nØcp∂p "Hfnt®m´'Øn¬ "tamtU¨ th Hm v̂ sse^n's\

B{ibn®v t`mKmk‡nbn¬ apgpIn imizXamb F√m aqey

ßtfbpw \ntj[n® tkXpe£van, Nmcn{Xyip≤ntbmsS aqeym

[njvTnXPohnXw \bn® tkXphns‚ kplrØv `mcXn, hnhm

lm\¥cw ]mXn{hXy\njvT ]men®v kvt\lhXnbmb `mcy

bmbn k¥pjvSPohnXw \bn°p∂ tkXp Hcp cm{Xnbpw Hcp

]Iepw ̀ mcXnbpsamcpan®v Ignbm\mbn AhfpsS ho´nseØnb

tkXphns\ "]gb A^bdns\°pdn®v ̀ ¿Ømhn\v Adnbmtam'

F∂ `mcXnbpsS tNmZyw kw`oXbm°n. AXn\p≈ adp]Sn

AhfpsS DSs\bp≈ Xncn®p t]m°mbncp∂p. ]q¿ΔPohnX

IYIƒ `mcXnbn¬\n∂pw bmZr—nIamsb¶nepw `¿Ømhv

Adnbm\nSbmhcpXv F∂v tkXp B{Kln°p∂p.

"`mcXn \o `mKyhXnbmWv Hfn®phbvt°≠ Hm¿ΩI

sfm∂pw \n\°n√t√m' F∂ tkXphns‚ hm°pIfn¬ t\cnb

BflkwL¿jhpw Ip‰t_m[hpw {]ISam°p∂psh¶nepw

PohnX]mXbn¬ k{i≤w Pm{KØmIp∂ kv{XobpsS AXn

Poh\ IuieØns‚ {]IS{]Xn\n[m\amIp∂p tkXp.

Akm[mcWamb kv{Xohy‡nXzamWv "Iukey aqØΩ'

bnse Iukey. IukeybpsS apdnbn¬ A\y]pcpjs\ I≠

Xns\ØpS¿∂v Ah¿ XS¶enembn. Abmsf IpSpw_\mY

∑m¿ sIm∂p ]pgbn¬ X≈n. CXns\Xnscbp≈ IukeybpsS

{]XnImcw IpSpw_Øns‚ ASnØdbnf°n. \nba\S]SnIƒ

kzoIcn® Ah¿ \nba°pcp°n¬\n∂pw ho´pImsc c£s∏Sp

212019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Øm\mbn 3 D]m[nIƒ \ncØn. AX\pkcn®v saUn°¬

]T\w Dt]£n®v, hnhmlnXbmImsX Bkv{Snb≥ ]nbmt\m

hmbn®pw hkv{X߃ Unssk≥ sNbvXpw tXm∂nb{]Imcw

Pohn®p. ]q®Isf Hma\n®v PohnXkwXr]vXnt\Sn. PohnX

kmb¥\Øn¬ Xs‚ Acpabmb ]q®bv°v, HkyØv FgpXn

hbv°m≥ h°oent\mSmhiys∏´p. AXn\h¿ ]dbp∂ \ymbw

X\n°v A‰m°v h∂v Bip]{Xnbn¬ InS∂t∏mƒ kwc£n®

XhfmWv F∂mWv. F∂m¬ ]n∂oSv ImS≥]q®tbmsSm∏w

t]mIm≥ {ian® aIfmb ]q®sbbpw X√ns°m√p∂ Ah¿

£oWnXbmIp∂p. PohnXsØ tXmev]n°m≥ {ian®v kzbw

Ah¿ tXmev°p∂p. AhcpsS PohnXØns‚ Bh¿Ø\amWv

ChnsS kw`hn°p∂Xv. A]kmam\y PohnXw \bn°p∂ A]

kmam\yhy‡nXzØn\pSabmWv Ah¿. "PohnXmk‡n°p

t\cn´ ]cmPbamWv AhcpsS A]kmam\yPohnXØn\p

ImcWw.'

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t\Snb Akmam\y hy‡nXzamWv "CΩoUnb‰v kok‚ v tacn

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s°mSp°m\mbn kzbw I\ymZm\߃ \SØp∂ {_m“W

s]¨sImSn. Syqj≥ A≤ym]nIbpsS ta¬hnemkØn¬

thiymhrØn\SØp∂ kzImcyIº\nbnse Poh\°mcn

IqSnbmWv Ahƒ. {]mtbmKnI_p≤ntbmSpIqSn, `mhnPohnXw

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°p∂tXmsSm∏w In´p∂]Ww IrXyXtbmsS kq£n°p∂p.

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apJyw Im´n. ]Whpw IpSpw_PohnXhpw am{Xw tamln°p∂

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b¬ tImfØn¬ ]ckyw \¬IWw. ssItbmsS, IeymWw

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AhfpsS e£yw. B e£yw Ahƒ k^eoIcn°p∂p. thZ

hn[n {]Imcw ]mWo{KlWw \SØn Hcp anI® ZmºXy

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t_m[w Ae´p∂n√. XmXv°menIamb sXmgn¬ F∂ \ne

bn¬ Ahƒ thiymhrØnsb ImWp∂p. PohnXkm^eyw

t\Sn Bscbpw IqkmsX Db¿®bpsS ]ShpIƒ Ibdn.

a\ssÿcyØns‚bpw {IqcXbpsSbpw I]SXbpsSbpw

222019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

DSabmWv "apJw ]flZfmImc'Ønse tdmkΩ amØ≥. Imap

Is‚ klmbtØmsS `¿Ømhns\ AXnZmcpWambn sIme

s∏SpØnb Ahƒ; ImapI≥ Ip‰kΩXw \SØnbn´pw Ah

km\\nanjwhsc clkyw ImØpkq£n®p. Ahkm\w Ip‰

kΩXw \SØnb Ahsf "teUn amIv_Øv' F∂mWv tImSXn

hntijn∏n®Xv. AhfpsS ̀ mh{]IS\ßfpw s]cpam‰hpw sR´n

∏n°p∂Xpw `oXnP\IhpamWv. am¿§at≤y Hcp BIvknU‚ v

I≠n v́ F\n°nXpamXncnsbms° I≠m¬ ]ØpZnhktØ°v

Dd°whcn√ F∂p hne]n°p∂p. am{Xa√ klbm{XnI\mb

h°oent\mSv kzbw \nc]cm[nsb∂ hymtP\ AhfpsS

tIkv^bepIƒ ImWn®v "A∏oen¬ h√ ct£w Int´z' F∂v

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{]Xnk‘nbnemb kμ¿`Øn¬ tdmkΩ AbmtfmSv dqsaSp°p

∂pt≠m F∂v At\zjn°p∂p. Xm\n\nbpw Xocpam\n®n´n

s√∂p ]d™v Abmƒ XXv°mew c£s∏Sp∂p. hnP\amb

Ãm‚nse Itkcbnencp∂v Ahƒ kz¿Æ°ÆS [cn®v

ss__nƒ hmbn°m≥ XpSßp∂p. CXbmsf ̀ bmIpe\m°n.

kv{Xohy‡nXzØns‚ AXnPoh\ Iuießfpw Akm[mcW

amb Im]Syhpw {Iucyhpw a\ssÿcyhpw Ahfn¬ {]IS

am°p∂p. ZpcqlXIfpsS IqØcßmWv AhfpsS a\ v.

`oXnhnXbv°p∂ kvss{XW hy‡nXzamWv "hn\

hnXbv°p∂ apJ'Ønse X¶Ω. t\¿Ø Nncnbpw \of≥ IÆS

Ifpw sIm≠v D≈nse ]qX\sb ad®ph® kv{Xo. k_vPbn

ens‚ AgnIƒ°∏pdØp\n∂p, kwkmcn°ptºmgpw Xami

]d™p Nncn°p∂hƒ. hy`nNmcnbmb Ahƒ kz¥w Ip´nsb

]m]Øns‚ k¥Xnsb∂p hntijn∏n®p shdp°p∂p. ASp

Øhcnse√mw Zpc¥w hnX®p. Ip‰hmfnbmb X¶ΩbpsS ̀ mh

{]IS\߃ hnNmcWthfbn¬ aPnkvt{S‰ns\ hnhi\pw

`bmIpe\pam°n. BflKXsat∂mWw \ymbm[n]≥ ""Fs‚

ssZhtajn lmkv tKm v́ F sUbv©dkv t^kv, s\m h≠¿''...

HmtcmcpØ\pw sN∂phogp∂Xv' F∂v hne]n®v in£n°m

\m{Klaps≠¶nepw AXn\p km[n°mØXn¬ \nbahyhÿn

Xnsb ]gn°p∂p. KqVhpw ̀ bmIpehpambn amdp∂ kvss{XW

apJsØ {iocma≥ "X¶Ω'bneqsS km£ys∏SpØp∂p.

kv{Xoa\ n¬ \nKqlnXamb PohnXm`nhmRvObpsS {]ISo

IcWw Cu IYIfn¬ ZriyamIp∂p. t\cnb BflkwL¿jw

Ahcn¬ {]Xy£amIp∂psh¶nepw "PohnXmk‡n'bmWv

e£yanSp∂Xv. kq∏¿ CutKmbpsS {]h¿Ø\^eamb kZm

Nmct_m[amWv t\cnb BflkwL¿jØn\Snÿm\w.

232019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

sshcp≤yhpw sshhn≤yhpw \nd™ kv{XoNn{XW

߃ {iocmas‚ IYIsf kº∂am°p∂p.

Ipdn∏pIƒ

1. I shall speak about women’s writings about what it will do womenmust write herself must write about momen and bring women towriting from which they have been driven away as violently as fromtheir bodies for the same reasons by the same law with the same fatalgoal. Women must put herself in to the text as in to the world and into history by her own movement. P.875Helen Cixous - laugh of medusa Translated by Keith Cohen andPaula Cohen.

b) Feminine writing is teh natural zing metapher of the brutal politicalfact of athe domination of women and as such it enlarges the apparatusunder which feminity presents itself... that differnce specificity female/body nature. P.63Monique witting - The point of view Universal or Particular, Trans ofAvant - Note deca passion.

2. If we think of the wild zone meta Physically, or in terms ofconcionsness. It has no corresponding male space since all of themale conscionsness is within the circle of the dominent structureand accessable to or structured by language. P.323Elain Showwalter (Editor) - The New Feminist Criticism Essays onwomen literature and theory, critical enquiry

3. Despite his decades of research Freud found women to beperpectually enigmatic. p. 26Renuka Singh, The Womb of Mind, Vikas Publishing House Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi, 1990.

242019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

ae-bm-fn-bpsSNncn-h-g°wFkv.-sI.-h-k-¥≥

C¥y-bn¬ G‰hpw A[nIw \¿Ω-t_m[w D≈-h¿ ae-bm-fn-

I-fm-bn-cp-∂p-t]m-epw. icn-bm-hmw. C¥y-bnse anI® Im¿´q-Wn-

Ãp-I-fn¬ \nc-h[n ae-bm-fn-Iƒ D≠v F∂XpkXy-am-Wv. Nn{X-

I-e-bnse Cu \¿Ω]mc-ºcyw Hcp ]s£ AXnepw IqSnb

Af-hn¬ kmln-Xy-Ønepw D≠m-hmw. Nncn Ipe-sØm-gnepw D]-

Po-h-\-am¿§hpw Bbn kzoI-cn® HcpPmXn, tIc-f-Øn-e-√msX

thsd Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw D≠v F∂ptXm∂p-∂n-√. sIm√w Pn√-

bn¬ A[n-h-kn-°p∂ ]nd-ßm-Sn-Iƒ F∂ PmXn-sb-∏-‰n-bmWv

]d-bp-∂-Xv. a‰p hoSp-I-fn¬t]mbn, Fs¥-¶nepw Hcp tKmjvSn

ImWn®v, Ahsc Nncn-∏n-®v, D]-Po-h-\-Øn-\p≈ hI kºm-Zn-

°p-∂-h-cmWv ]nd-ßm-Sn-Iƒ. a‰p≈hsc Ic-bn-®v, kzPo-hnXw

BÀm-Z-I-c-am-°p-∂-h-cpsS FÆw \mƒtXmdpw IqSnhcp∂ Cu

ImeØv adn-s®mcp hn`mKw P\-߃!

F¥p Zpcn-X-߃ h∂mepw Nncn-°m-\p≈ Ignhv \jvS-s∏-

Sm-Xn-cp-∂m¬aXn F∂v sshtem-∏n≈n B{K-ln-®n-´p-≠v. Nncn-

bv°p≈ hn`hw GXv Ac-ßnepw ae-bmfn Is≠-Øpw. Hm¿sØ-

Sp-°pw. Imcywam{Xw ]d-bp∂ tImS-Xn-bn-embmepw, ZpcnXIY-

252019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Iƒ ]d-bp-∂ Bip-]-{Xn-bn-em-bm-epw, Ifnbpw Imcyhpw CS-I-

e-cp∂ cmjv{So-b-Øn-em-bm-epw, Ifnbpw Imcyhpw kvt\lhpw

Ie¿∂ A≤ym-]-\-̨ -A-≤y-b\ cwK-Øn-em-bmepw ae-bmfn Nncn-

®n-cp-∂p.

""awKfiote am∏-cp-fo-Sp-I, RßsS \mhn¬ hcp-∂oem

Nºq-Im-c-∑mcmw \n≥{]nb \ºq-cm-cpsS \¿Ω-ckw''

\ap°v \nc-h[n tImS-Xn-^-en-X-߃ D≠v. as‰mcp \ymbm-

[n-]-\mb kmbvhns\ Ie-i-ep-Iq-́ m≥, Høm-cØp N¥p-ta-t\m≥

tImS-Xn-bn¬ c≠p amcm-∑msc sIm≠v sN≠sIm´n® IY

{]kn-≤w. as‰mcp IY C{]-Im-cw. ChnsS PUvPn kmbvhmWv.

h°o¬ kn.-]n.cma-kzman Aø-cpw. C¥y-°m-cmb h°o-e-∑m-

tcmSv, bqtdm-]y≥ PUvPn-am¿°v s]mXpsh ]p—w. kn.-]n.-tIkp

hmZn-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ PUvPn ]d™pht{X. ""an. kn.-]n. cma-

kzman Aø¿, \n߃ tIkv icn°v ]Tn®n´p h∂v hmZn-°q,

Rm≥ tIkv \o´n shbv°mw.''

kn.-]n. adp-]Sn ]d-™p. ""bph¿ HmW¿, Rm≥ tIkv ]Tn®p

Xs∂- BWv hmZn-°p-∂Xv.''

PUvPn ap≥]n¬ tai-]p-d-Øn-cp∂ \nb-a-]p-kvX-I-ß-fpsS apI-

fn¬ ssIsh-®p-sIm≠p ]d™p ""anÿ kn.-]n.-Xm-¶ƒ ]d-bp-

∂Xv icn-bm-sW-¶n¬, Rm≥ Zm Cu ]pkvX-I-߃ IØn-®p

If-bmw.'' At£m-`y-\mbn kn.-]n.bpsS adp-]Sn ""bph¿ HmW¿

Aßv ]pkvX-I-߃ IØn-°p-I-sbm∂pw th≠, kabw In´p-

tºmƒ Ah hmbn-®m¬aXn'' B PUvPnbpsS Ah-ÿ, tImS-

Xn-bn¬ apg-ßnb Nncn-bn¬ Bcpw {i≤n-®n-cn-°n√ F∂p kam-

[m-\n-°p-I.

cmjv{So-b-Øn¬ Hcp]mSp ̂ enXw ]d-bp-∂-h¿ D≠m-bn-cp∂p.

]\-ºn-≈n, C.-Fw.-F-kv., Nmgn-°m-S≥, \ºm-S≥ amÿ. F∂m¬

s]mXp-sh, {]tXy-In®v Ct∏mƒ \¿Ω-t_m[w D≈-h¿ Ipd-

hmWv. ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS kap-∂X t\Xm-°-fn¬ {]ap-J-\mb F.-

sI.-B‚-Wn, Hcp ̂ enXw ]d-bp-∂Xp tI´n-́ v acn-®m¬ sIm≈mw

Fs∂m-cm¬ hnNm-cn-®m¬ an°-hmdpw Abmƒ Nncw-Po-hn-bmbn-

Xocpw! ]{X-{]-Xn-\n[n "Atßbv°v Ft∏mgpw hn°pt≠m' F∂v

C.-Fw.-F- n-t\mSp tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ At±lw ]d™ adp-]-Sn,

"Ft∏mgpw C√, kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ am{Xw' F∂m-Wv.

]\-ºn-≈n-bpw, C°-≠-hm-cycpwIqSn s\lvdp-hns\ ImWm≥

t]mb IY-bp-≠v. ]\-ºn≈n ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØn ""CXv C°-≠-

hm-cy¿. {]Pm-a-fiew t\Xmhv, Km‘n-b≥'' hmcn-b¿ F∂p tI -́

t∏mƒ s\lvdp-hn\v kwibw "tbm≤m-°-fpsS hwi-Øn¬s]´

BfmtWm' hmcn-b¿ Cw•o-jn¬ tbm≤m-hm-W-t√m. ]\ºn≈n

262019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

hniZo-I-cn-®p. "tlbv, A√' hmcy¿kap-Zmbw Aº-e-hm-kn-I-

fm-Wv. s]mXpsh kmXzn-I-cm-Wv, kwkvIrXw ]Tn-°pw, ]Tn-

∏n°pw, Aßs\ HXp-ßn-°q-Sp-∂-h-cm-Wv. henb kº-∂-c√

Fs∂ms° ]\-ºn≈n ]d™p a\- n-em-°n. kμ¿i\w

Ign™v ]pd-Øn-d-ßn-b-t∏mƒ ]\-ºn-≈n, hmcy-tcmSp tNmZn-®p.

DNn-X-amb BwKy-tØmsS "]S-sh´pw Ct√?'' (Aº-e-Øn¬

\n∂v In´p∂ DW-°-t®m-dn\v ]S F∂m-Wt√m ]d-bpI!)

A≤ym-]-\cwKsØ ^enXw F\n°p ]d-™p-X-∂Xv

Ip™pÆn amjm-Wv. At±lw Ft∂mSp tNmZn-®p. "Xm≥ Fßn-

s\-bm, Fgp-Ø-—-s\bpw \ºym-tcbpw Hs° Ip´n-Iƒ°v ]cn-

N-b-s∏-Sp-ØpI? Rm≥ ]d™p: " ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-sbm∂pw

th≠. Ah¿ kvIqƒ ¢mkp-I-fn¬sh®pXs∂ Chsc Hs°

]cn-N-b-s∏-´n-´p-≠mhpw'

"B, AXp icn, ]t£ AX-√t√m kvIqfnse ÿnXn'

Rm≥ tNmZn®p "amjv Fßn-s\bm Chsc Ah-X-cn-∏n-°pI'

"Rmt\m. Rm≥ Ah¿°v Hcp IY ]d™p sImSp-°pw.' amjv

]d™p X∂ IY C{]-Im-cw:

""Ip©≥ \ºym¿°v Fgp-Ø-—s\ ImWWw F∂v Ie-i-

emb tamlw. tZh-∑msc Hs° km[m-cW a\p-jy-cmbn Nn{Xo-

I-cn-°p-I-bpw, F√m-h-tcbpw ]cn-l-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Xs∂

I≠m¬ ̀ ‡-\mb Fgp-Ø-—≥ iIm-cn°pw F∂v \ºym¿°-dn-

bmw. F∂mepw th≠n-√, ImWpIXs∂. \ºym¿ Aº-e∏pg-

\n∂v Hcp a≠-in-tcm-aWn ̀ rXy-t\bpw Iq´n Xncq¿°v ]pd-s∏´p.

c≠p \mƒ Ign™v Xncq-sc-Øn. ImeØv Ipfnbpw sXmgepw

Ign™v Fgp-Ø-—≥ B¬Ø-d-bn¬ h∂n-cn-°pw. Np‰pw IqSn

\n¬°p∂ `‡-∑m-tcmSp kwkm-cn-°pw. At∏mƒ ImWmw

F∂m-bn-cp∂p \ºym-cpsS Dt±-iw. iImcw Hgn-hm-°m-s\¥p

hgn F∂v Btem-Nn®v \ºym¿ D]mbw Is≠-Øn. `rXys\

hnfn®v, Abm-fpsS ssIbn¬ Ipd®p ]Ww sImSp-Øn´v ]d-

t™-ev]n-®p. "\o CXp sIm≠p-t]mbn B¬Ø-d-bn¬ Ccn-°p∂

At±-l-Øns‚ apºn¬ hbv°-Ww. At∏mƒ At±lw tNmZn-

°pw. ""CsX-¥n\m?'' At∏mƒ \o ]d-bWw "]nÆm°p hmßm-

\mWv'. B Xncp-a-≠≥ Aßs\-Xs∂ sNbvXp. £p`n-X-\mb

Fgp-Ø-—≥, ̀ rXys‚ t\sc t\m°n H‰ B´v "^v`'. Zqsc \n∂v

\ºym¿ hnfn®p ]d™p. ""CßSv t]mt∂m-fq. B´m≥ XpS-

ßot´ D≈q, ]nÆm°p In´m≥ Xma-kn-°pw.' Xe Db¿Øn

t\m°n Fgp-Ø-—≥ ]d-™p-ht{X ""\ºym-ct√? Ctßm´p

ht∂mfq''. Fgp-Ø-—-t\bpw \ºym-tcbpw CXnepw `wKn-bmbn

Fßn-s\-bmWv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°pI!

272019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

sshZy-Øns‚ IY CXnepw ck-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. Hcmƒ NnIn-

’m¿∞w AjvS-ssh-Zy-cn¬ Hcm-fpsS ASpØpsN∂p. AhnsS

A°m-eØv A—\pw al\pw {]kn≤ `nj-Kz-c-∑m-cm-Wv. ]cn-

tim-[-\bpw NnIn-’bpw Ign™v tcmKwamdn FØnb BtfmSv

NnIn-’°pt]mIm≥ Dt±-in-°p∂ Hcmƒ hnhcwXnc-°n.

NnIn’ Ign™ph∂ BtfmSv Imcy-߃tNmZn-®p.

"Fßns\ Ahn-SsØ NnIn’?'

"NnIn’ tIam. A—\v "\kyw' BWv {][m-\w; al\v "]ngn-

®nepw!'

Nncn°v IS∂psN√m-\m-hmØ ÿe-߃ C√. CXn¬ ae-

bm-fn-°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ Db¿∂ÿm\w Ipd-™n-cn-°p-∂p. ̂ enXw

]d-bp-∂-h-cpsS kwJyIpd™p F∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ ]cn-Xm-]-I-c-

am-bn-́ p-≈Xv ̂ enXw tI´m¬ a\- n-em-hp-∂-h-cpsS kwJy Ipd-

™n-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xm-Wv.

Nncn F∂ ]Z-am-tWm, Nndn F∂ ]Z-amtWm icn. Nndn°v

Np≠p-ambn _‘w Ds≠-¶nepw NncnXs∂ BWv icn-hm-°v.

Nncn, ]p©ncn Fs∂ms°Øs∂-bmWv ]d-bp-I˛Nß-ºp-g°v

]p©ncn ]q∏p-©n-cn-bm-Wv. AtXkabw Dds° Dds° Bhp-

tºmƒ \Ωƒ Nndn-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂Xv!

`mc-Xob k¶-ev]-Øn¬ Nncn-bpsS \ndw shfp-∏m-Wv. AXn\p

]n∂n¬ lrZ-b-ss\¿Ωeyw D≠v F∂m-hptam kqN\? lmky-

Øns‚ tZhX KW-]-Xn-bmWv (in-h-`q-X-߃ F∂pw as‰mcp

]£w). c≠m-bmepw cq]w I≠m¬Xs∂ Nncnhcpw. Ah-b-h-

s∏m-cpØw C√m-bvI-bmWv {i≤-bn¬s∏Sp∂ BZy-Im-cyw.

s]mcp-Ø-t°-SmWv Nncn-bpsS ASn-Ød F∂v a\-»mkv{Xw ]d-

bp-∂p. KW-]Xn £n{]-{]-km-Znbpw hnLvt\-iz-c\pw BWv. Cu

c≠p[¿Ω-ßfpw BWv Nncn sNøp-∂-Xpw. aqSn-s°-´nb a\-

 ns\ {]k-∂-am-°pI; ]c-kv]cw CS-s]-Sp-∂-Xnse XS- -߃

C√m-Xm-°pI˛c≠pw Nncn°p km[n-°pw.

\Ωƒ Gsd Ime-ambn Hcp sX‰mb[mcW sIm≠p\S-°p-

∂p-≠v. Nncn-bpw, ]cn-lm-khpw H∂mWv F∂XmWv B [mcW.

CXp icn-b-√. lmky-Øns‚ ASn-Ød (Nn-cn-bpsS ASn-Ø-d)

kl-Xm-]-am-Wv. ]cn-lm-k-Øns‚ ASn-Ød ]c-]o-U-t\-—-bmWv.

as‰m-cmsf, H∂ns\ thZ-\n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ B\μw sIm≈p∂

kmUn-k-amWv ]cn-lm-k-Øn¬. \ºymcpw NmIymcpw ]cn-lmk-

]-Sp-°ƒIqSn-bm-Wv. Xp≈¬]m-´p-I-fn¬ lmkyhpw ]cn-lm-

khpw D≠v. NmIym¿ lmky-t_m-[-ap-≈-h-\m-Wv. AtX-k-abw

]cn-lm-k-Øn¬ hncp-X\pw BWv. Ah-cpsS ]cn-lm-kw, lmky-

ambn ]ecpw Icp-Xp-∂p. lrZ-b-hn-im-e-X-bn¬\n∂v, Al-¶m-c-

282019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

an-√m-bva-bn¬\n∂mWv lmkyw P\n-°p-I. Xm≥t]mcn-a-bmWv

]cn-lm-k-Øns‚ BWn-°-√v. Rm≥ Bcp-a-√, Rm\n-s√-¶nepw

Cu temIw CXp-t]mse Hs° \S-∂p-sIm≈pw F∂ hn\bw

kz`m-h-ambn amdn-bm¬ \nß-fpsS a\- n¬ lmky-Øns‚

B¿{ZXIn\n-bpw. (a-lm-flm-Km‘n C√m-Xm-bn´pw Cu temIw

apt∂m´pt]mIp∂p F∂ kXyw Dƒs°m-≈m-Ø-Xm-Wv, Rm≥

`cn-®m¬ ̀ cptam F∂m-cm-bp∂ cmjv{So-b-t\-Xm-°-∑msc \¿Ω-

Øn¬\n∂v AI‰n\n¿Øp-∂Xv Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠ns‚ BZy-

Zi-I-ß-fn¬t]mepw ae-bmfn Ahs‚ kmln-Xy-Ønse

lmkyhpw ]cn-lm-khpw ]cym-b-]-Z-ß-fm-bn-´mWv I≠-Xv. ]cn-

lm-k-∏-\n-\o¿s®-Sn-bpsS ap≈mWv iIm-cw.

`mc-Xob Imhy-k-¶ev]w A\p-k-cn®v \h-c-k-ß-fn¬ irwKm

c-Øn\v sXm´-SpØ ÿm\-amWv lmky-Øn-\p-≈-Xv. lmkw

F∂ ÿmbo-`mhw lmkyw F∂ ck-ambn cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-∂p.

`c-X≥ cwKm-hn-jvIr-X-am-Ip∂ lmky-sØ-∏-‰n-bmWv ]d-bp-∂Xv.

AXp-sIm-≠mWv hnIr-X-th-jw, Akw-_‘{]e-]-\w, imco-

cnIsshI-ey-߃ F∂nh lmky-\n-Zm-\-ß-fmbn At±lw

I≠-Xv. Bhn-jvIm-c-Øn¬ AXns‚ tNjvS-Ifpw At±lw hnh-

cn-®p. AXm-bXv lmkyw cwK-Ø-h-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ \S≥ F¥p

sNøWw F∂v \n¿tZ-in-®p. Nncn-°p-∂-h-cpsS tNjvS-Iƒ ]e-

Imew \nco-£n-®n-´mhmw CØcw \nK-a-\-ß-fn¬ At±lw

FØn-b-Xv. aq°pw Ihnfpw kv]μn°pw IÆp-Iƒ Iqºpw, apJw

XpSp°pw ]m¿iz-`mKw ]nSbv°pw Fs∂ms° At±lw ]d-

bp∂p. Nncn-°p-tºmƒ Cu imco-cnINe-\-߃ D≠m-hmw.

D≠mhpw. F∂m¬ Cu imco-cnINe-\-߃ D≠m-°n-bm¬

lmkyw P\n°pw F∂p]d-bp-∂Xv IS∂ssIbt√?

Bfl-ÿw, ]cÿw F∂v lmkysØ c≠mbn `mc-Xob

Imhy-ao-amwk ImWp-∂p. thj-ssh-Ir-X-ß-fn¬ kzbw Nncn-

°p-∂Xv Bfl-ÿw, A\ysc Nncn-∏n-°p∂Xv ]c-c-ÿw. \oN-

I-Ym-]m-{X-߃, kv{XoI-Ym-]m-{X-߃ F∂n-h-cn-emWv CXp

IqSp-X¬ F∂ kqN\ Ds≠-¶n-epw, kwkvIrX \mS-I-ß-fn¬

hnZq-j-I≥ \oN-I-Ym-]m-{X-a√ Ft∂m¿°p-I. PmXn-t{i-Wn-bn¬

A[n-jvTn-X-amb kwkvIm-c-Øn¬ NmIymcpw \ºymcpw ss{X

h¿Æn-I-cmWv Xm\pw.

inMvK`q-]m-es‚ "ckm¿Æ-h-kp-[m-Ic'Øn¬ ssIin-Io-hr-

Øn-bpsS AwK-amb \¿Ω-Øns‚ kz`mhw hnh-cn-°p-tºmƒ

lmky-N¿® D≠v. irwKm-c-P-\y-amWv lmkyw F∂mWv B

Be-¶m-cn-I≥ Icp-Xp-∂-Xv. ssIin-Io-hr-Øn°v \¿Ωw, \¿Ω-

kvt^mSw, \¿Ω-]p-Wyw, \¿Ω-K¿`w F∂p \mephn`m-K-߃

292019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

D≠-s{X. Kmc-Zm-X-\-b≥ F∂ Be-¶m-cn-I≥ `mh-{]-Im-i-

Ønepw lmky-N¿® \S-Øp-∂p-≠v.

ae-bm-f-Ønse Ihn-Iƒ lmky-Øn\v kzmZp IqSn-I-ev]n-®n-

cn-°p-∂p. Nncn a[p-cw. a™-°n-fnsb I≠m¬ a[pcw Xn∂mw

F∂ ]gb hnizm-k-Øns‚ ]n≥_-e-tØmsS sshtem-∏n≈n

"sh◊p-dph-en≥ am[p-cn-am{Xw' Fs∂-gp-Xn. ]p©n-cn°v ]≠v

ae-bmfn ]d-™n-cp∂ hm°mWv apdp-h¬. h≈-tØm-fn\v

]p©ncn Aar-Xm-Wv. h≈-tØm-fns‚ Ihn-X-bnse Imap-I≥,

Abm-fpsS Iman\n apJw Ip\n®p\n∂p aμ-l-kn-®-t∏mƒ ]d-

™-Xv, "h©n-bm-sX≥ PohnXw hnÆn-te-Xm-°m-\p≈ ]p©n-cn-

b-ar-XnXp ]p√n-t∑¬ s]mgn-™mtem' F∂m-Wv. ]n.-`m-kvI-c≥

X\n-\m-S≥ a´n¬Xs∂ tNmZn-°p-∂p. ""F¥n-\n{X ]©-kmc

]p©n-cn-∏m-en¬' F∂v.

`mc-Xob Imhy-ao-amwk Bdp-Xcw Nncn-I-sf-∏‰n ]d-bp-∂p≠v̨

kvanXw, lkn-Xw, hnl-kn-Xw, D]-l-kn-Xw, A]-l-knXw, AXn-

l-kn-Xw. hniz-\m-Y≥ F∂ Be-¶m-cn-I≥ D]-l-kn-XsØ Ah-

l-knXw F∂mWv hnfn-®-Xv. Cu Bsd-Æ-Øn¬ BZysØ

cs≠Æw DØ-aw, ]n∂sØ cs≠Æw a≤y-aw, Ah-km-\sØ

cs≠Æw A[-aw. kvanX-Øn¬ IÆp-I-fnse Xnf-°hpw Ihn-

fnse XpSn∏pw am{X-amWv _mly-e-£-W-߃. lkn-X-Øn-em-

hp-tºmƒ, ]√ns‚ shfp∏v Aev]w {]Xy-£-s∏-SpIIq-Sn-sNøpw.

aq∂m-a-tØ-XnseØptºmƒ i_vZwIqSn D≠m-hpw. Aßns\

Bdm-a-tØ-Xn¬ FØp-tºmƒ Dds° i_vZ-tØmsS DS-emsI

Ipepßpw! l ln F∂o i_vZ-ß-fmWv ]pd-s∏-Sp-I. (CtX

i_vZ-߃ ae-bmfn ZpxJhy-RvP-Iß-fmbpw D]-tbm-Kn°pw!

Nncn-®p-Nn-cn®p IÆp\nd™p F∂pw \Ωƒ ]d-bm-dp≠v)

`mc-Xob Imhy-ao-amwk lmky-Øns‚ imco-cn-Im-hÿIsf-

∏-‰n-bmWv N¿®sNbvXXv; AXns‚ am\-kn-Im-h-ÿ-I-sf-∏‰n

A[n-I-sam∂pw ]d-™-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂n-√. Hcp]s£ \mSy-

im-kv{X-Im-c\v AXns‚ cwKm-hn-jvIm-c-Øn¬ am{XwaXn {i≤

F∂p tXm∂n-bn-´p-≠m-hmw.

]Sn-™m-d≥ Imhy-ao-amw-k-bn¬ lmky-c-k-N¿® Aev]w

IqSn Bg-Øn-te°p IS-°p-∂p-≠v. Ahn-sSbpw XpS°w \mS-

Im-h-X-c-W-tØmSp _‘-s∏-´p-sIm-≠m-Wv.

tπt‰m ]d-bp-∂p-≠v, tIm]-Øn\v ASn-a-bm-hp-tºm-ƒt]mepw

]cn-lmkw]mSn√ F∂v. Kuc-h-ap≈ Imcy-߃ a\- n-em-°m≥

lmkyw klm-b-I-amhpw F∂p At±lw I≠p. `n∂-cp-Nn¿ln-

temIx F∂ Kuchw ap‰nb {]kvXm-h\ Xs∂ BWt√m

"A®n-°p- sIm©p]£w, \mb¿°v C©n]£w' F∂ \¿Ω

302019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

a[pc-amb sNm√pw. thZ-\n-∏n-°msX sX‰pXncp-ØpI F∂-

XmWv Acn-tÃm-´n¬ lmky-[¿Ω-ambn I≠-Xv. FXn-cm-fnbpsS

Kuc-hsØ XI¿°m≥ lmky-Øn-\mhpw F∂pw Acn-tÃm-

´n¬ I≠p. a‰p-≈-h-cpsS Zu¿_-eyhpambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-

tºmƒ s]s´∂ptXm∂p∂ ta∑-bmWv lmky-Øns‚ ASn-Ød

F∂p ]d-™-Xv tlm_vkv F∂ \ncq-]-I-\m-Wv. ]I, hntZzjw

F∂n-h-bmWv lmky-_o-P-ambn ss{UU≥ I≠-Xv. F∂m¬

\∑-bn¬\n∂mWv lmkyw ]ndhn FSp-°p-∂Xv F∂pw, ^en-

Xm-`m-kw, an{i-^-enXw (False wit and mixed wit) F∂v AXv

c≠p Xc-Øn-ep-≠v F∂pw AUn-k¨ ]d-™p. Im¿sse¬,

tjm∏-t\m-h¿, kvs]≥k¿ XpSßn ]ecpw CujZvt`Z-tØmsS

Cu ImgvN-∏mSv AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Um¿Δn≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv

Nncnbpw Ic-®nepw kam-\-amb tZl-N-e\-ß-fmWv krjvSn-°p-

∂-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv lnkv‰o-cnb _m[n-®-h¿ Nncn-°p-Ibpw

Ic-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv F∂m-Wv. A\p-hm-N-Is\ DW¿Øm\pw

Abm-fn¬ kvt\lhpw Imcp-Wyhpw \nd-bv°p-hm\pw lmky-

Øn-\mhpw F∂p Is≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. tPm¿÷v sacn-UnØv

lmkyw AXXp kap-Zm-bsØ B[m-c-am°n cq]wsIm≈p∂p

F∂p]d-bp-∂p. AXv kXy-am-Wv, `mKn-I-k-Xy-am-Wv. (\-ap°v

\ºq-cn-]v^-enXw, am∏n-f]v^-enXw F∂n-ßs\ XcwXncn-hp-

≠v). Zan-X-hn-Im-c-ß-fpsS cq]w-am-dnb ]pd-Øp-Nm-S¬ Bbn-́ mWv

t{^mbnUv lmkysØ I≠-Xv. ZpxJtØbpw thZ-\-I-tfbpw

AXn-Po-hn-°m-\p≈ {]Ir-Xn-bpsS hc-Zm\w BbmWv \¿ΩsØ

amIvkv CuÃvam≥ hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xv. Ihn™ am\-knI

kΩ¿±w BWv Nncn-bm-IpI F∂p B¿X¿ sImbvkve¿ ]d-

bp-∂p. ]Sn-™m-d≥ Imhy-ao-amwk lmky-Øns‚ imco-cnINe-

ß-sf-∏‰n am{X-a√ Nn¥n-®Xv F∂phy‡w.

Ah¿°pw D≠v lmky-hn-`-P-\-߃˛hn‰v, k‰-b¿, lyqa¿,

]mcUn F∂n-ß-s\. Ch-bn¬ Nne-Xn\v Ahm-¥chn`m-K-ßfpw

D≠v. k‰-b-dns‚ Iogn¬hcp∂ Dƒ∏n-cn-hp-I-fmWv Imcn-t°-®¿,

em]q¨, F∏n-{Kmw, sFd-Wn-_¿e-kvIv. ]mcUn Xs∂ aq∂p-

\mep Xc-Øn¬˛kvIn‰v, ]mÃn-jv. ]mÃn-jn\pw D≠v ]ncn-hp-

Iƒ. F¥n\v sNdp-I-Y-I-fnse A¥y-Øn¬ ImWm-dp≈ SznÃp-

Iƒ t]mepw lmky-Øns‚ Hcp hn`m-K-am-sW∂p thW-sa-¶n¬

]d-bmw.

Cu Iq´-Øn¬ cmPmhv hn‰v BWv˛^en-Xw. \nin-X-amb

_p≤n-bp≈ht\ hn‰v ]d-bm-\m-hq. AtX kn≤n D≈-ht\ hn‰v

Bkz-Zn-°m\pw Bhq. hn‰v hni-Zo-I-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-t°≠n hcnI

F∂ Ahÿ ANn-¥y-am-Wv. AØcw Hc-hÿ "Ac-kn-tIjp

312019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

I-hn-Xz-\n-th-Z\w inckn amenJ, amenJ' F∂p ]d-bp∂ Ah

ÿ Xs∂-bmWv. {]Xyp-ev]-∂-a-XnXzw BWv hn‰ns‚ ASn-Ød.

temI-{]-ikvXamb Hcp hn‰v DZm-l-cn-°mw.

{^m≥knse Hcp cmP-Ip-am-c-\mWv IYm-]m-{Xw. Hcp Znhkw

Abmƒ IpXn-c-h-≠n-bn¬ bm{XsNøp-∂p. IqsS kpμ-cn-I-fmb

aq∂p-\mep Iq´p-Im-cn-Ifpw D≠v. hgn-tbm-cØv \n∂n-cp∂ Hcp

sNdp-∏-°m-cs\ Ah¿ I≠p. Abmƒ°v cmP-Ip-am-cs‚ A{X-

Xs∂ {]mbw, F∂√ Ah¿ XΩn¬ Ipd®p cq]-km-Zr-iy-hpw.

IpXn-c-h≠n \n¿Øn-®v, cmP-Ip-am-c≥ B bphm-hns\ Acn-In-

te°p hnfn-®p. hn\m-bm-\zn-X-\m-bn, h≠n°p kao]w FØnb

bphm-hn-t\m-Sv, cmP-Ip-am-c≥ tNmZn®p ""\ns‚ AΩbv°v sIm´m-

c-Øn¬ tPmen D≠m-bn-cp∂p Ct√?'' s]¨In-Sm-߃ B¿Øp

Nncn-®p. cmP-Ip-am-c\pw. hfsc ̀ hy-X-tbmsS sNdp-∏-°m-c≥ adp-

]Sn \¬In ""C√ {]t`m, Fs‚ A—-\m-bn-cp∂p sIm´m-c-Øn¬

tPmen'' (B cmP-Ip-am-c≥ AΩm-Xncn tNmZy-߃ as‰m-cm-tfmSv

]n∂oSv Pohn-X-Øn¬ tNmZn-®n-´p-≠m-hn-√)

^enXw a\- n-em-hm-Ø-h-cp-≠v. Ahsc Syq_vsse‰v

F∂mWv hnfn-°p-I. ^enXwtI´m¬ hfscIgn™v AXns‚

ImX-en¬\n∂pw ̀ n∂-amb Hcp A¿∞-Xew Hm¿sØ-SpØv Cfn-

°p∂ Iq´¿. hni-Z-am-°mw. as‰mcp IY-bn-eq-sS. \mep-h-gn-bm-

{X-°m¿ Hcn-°¬ Hcp \m¬°-h-e-bn-se-Øn. AhnsS ÿm]n-

®n-cp-∂Xv hnNn-{X-amb Hcp t_m¿Uv. AXn¬ Hmtcm ÿe-

tØ°pw t]mtI≠ hgn, Zqcw F∂nh Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. ASn-

°p-dn-∏mbn Hcp hmN-Ihpw ""hmbn-°m≥ Adn-bm-Ø-h¿, ASpØ

ho´n¬ Ibdn hgn tNmZn®p a\- n-em-°pI'' bm{X-°m-cn¬ aq∂p

t]¿ Nncn-®p. Syq_vsse‰mb \mem-a\pw Cfn-®p. bm{X XpS¿∂p.

cm{Xn hn{i-an-°p-tºmƒ \mem-a≥ Nncn-°m≥ XpS-ßn. ImcWw

At\z-jn-®-h-tcmSv Abmƒ ]d™p ""B t_m¿Uv FgpXn

ÿm]n-®-h-cpsS a≠Øw!'' Ct∏m-sg-¶nepw Abmƒ°p Imcyw

a\- n-em-bt√m F∂v a‰p aq∂p t]¿ Nn¥n-°-sh, h∂p hni-Zo-

I-c-Ww. ""B ho´n¬ At\z-jn®p sN√p-tºmƒ AhnsS Bcpw

Cs√-¶ntem?''

lyqa¿ Hcp at\m-`m-h-am-Wv. temIw X\n°p Np‰pw A√ Id-

ßp-∂Xv F∂ t_m[yw hc¬. Xs‚ \n m-cX a\- n-em-bm¬

]ns∂ Abmƒ°v t¢i-an-√. F¥n-t\bpw sXs√m-∂-I∂p \n∂v

\ncp-tZzKw ImWm-\m-hpw. \n¿a-e-amb at\m-`mhw t¢i-]q¿W-

amb Pohn-X-Øn¬ A\p-{K-l-am-Wv. Ab¬°m-cmb c≠p IpSpw-

_-߃, XmW-h-cp-am-\w. aÆm-¶´ Icn-bn-e-tb-bpw, Icn-bne

aÆm-¶-´-tbbpw XpW®v Ign™p IqSp-∂-h¿. AXn-\n-S-bn¬

322019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Hcp Krl-\m-Y\v hntZ-iØv \√ hcp-am-\-ap≈ tPmen In´n.

A©mdp h¿j-Øn-\Iw Abmƒ tImSo-iz-c-\mbn aSßn h∂v

]gb ho´n¬ Xmakw XpS-ßn. B¿`m-S-]q¿Æ-amb Pohn-Xw.

Ab¬hmkn At∏mgpw Zcn-{Z-hm-kn. kº-∂s‚ ̀ mcy s]mß®w

ImWn-°m-\p≈ Hc-h-k-chpw ]mgm-°n-bn-√. Zcn-{Zs‚ ]Xv\n-

°m-Is´ Dan-Øo-bn¬ hoW Ah-ÿ. Ah-fpsS ̀ ¿Ømhv \ncp-

tZz-K≥. Abmƒ ]d-™Xv Cßs\ ""\∂m-bn. C\n ]tØm

\qtdm ISw hmtß-≠n-h-∂m¬ ]e-tcmSpw tNmZn®v Ae-tb-≠-

Xn-√t√m'' DanØobn¬ I\eptImcn-bn´ hm°v. Hcp \mƒ Zcn{Z

Zº-Xn-Iƒ kº-∂sc kμ¿in-°p-∂p. kº-∂s‚ ]Xv\n hne-

s∏´ B`-c-W-ßfpw hkv{X-ßfpw BWv [cn-®-Xv. AXp-I-≠-

t∏mƒ Dan-Øo-bn¬ Cfw Im‰-Sn-®p. Xncn-sI-h∂v Xs‚ XWp-

∏≥ Zcn-{Z-hmkn `¿Øm-hn-t\mSv B kv{Xo tNmZn®p. ""Ah-

fpsS Hcp s]mß®w {i≤nt®m?'' Abmƒ aqfn.

"]´p-kmcn Bsc-¶nepw ho´n¬h®v DSp-°ptam?''

"Dw'

"Ah-fpsS Hmtcmhfbpw H∂-c-∏-h≥ hoX-am-Ws{X'

"Dw'

"Ah-fpsS s\Ivekv It≠m?' "Dw'. "AXns‚ s]‚‚ v Pwt_m-

P‰v hnam\w t]mse-bmWv {i≤nt®m' "Dw'

"B hnam-\-Øns‚ sse‰p-I-fpsS ÿm\-sØms° cXv\-ß-

fm-Ws{X'! "Dw'. kln-sI´v kv{Xo tNmZn®p: "\nß-sf¥m aqß-

bmtWm F¥n\pw Dw, Dw F∂v aqfm≥'

Abmƒ: "s\Ive n-s\bpw s]‚-‚nt\bpw ]‰n A`n-{]mbw

]d-™m¬ ]nW-ßptam?'

"C√'

"F\n°v B hnam-\-tØ-°mƒ CjvS-am-bXv B hnam-\-Øm-

hfw BWv'

AØ-c-°m-c-\pt≠m Pohn-X-t¢-i-Øn¬ Akz-ÿX!

k‰-b-dn¬ ]cn-lm-khpw hna¿i-\hpw BWv IqSp-X¬. kaq-

lsØ ]cn-l-kn-°p-I-bm-hmw. cmjv{So-bsØ ]cn-l-kn-°p-I-

bm-hmw. aX-hn-izm-k-ßsf ]cn-l-kn-°p-I-bm-hmw.

aX-Øn\p t\sc Nm´pfn Fdn-bp∂ Hcp IY _nj∏v am¿

At{]w ]d-bm-dp-≠v. IY Cß-s\. Hcp _nj∏pw ]´m-f-°m-c\pw

acn®v kz¿§-Øn-se-Øn. ]Sn-hm-Xn¬°¬ \n∂n-cp∂ K{_n-tb¬

amemJ Ah-cpsS tcJ-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n®p, AIØp Ib-dm≥

A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv. tcJ-Iƒ°p Ipg-∏-an-√. amemJ ]´mf-

°m-c-t\mSp ]d™p ""icn. Cu hgn Ipd®p t]mbm¬ CS-Xp-

hiØv Hcp henb sI´nSw ImWmw. AXn-emWv \nß-fpsS

332019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

apdn. AhnsS Imh¬°m-cp-≠v. Ah¿ apdn ImWn®p Xcpw.

s]mt°m-fq.'' F∂n v́ _nj-∏ns\ sIm´pw-Ip-c-hbpw Bbn kzoI

cn-°m≥ XpS-ßn. kz¿§-Ønse Cu hnth-N\w ]´m-f-°m-c\v

kln-®n-√. Abmƒ £p`n-X-\mbn∏d-™p. ""R߃ Ccp-hcpw

]pWyw sNbvXn-´mWv kz¿§-Øn-se-Øn-b-Xv. Hcmƒ°p kzoI-

cWw; as‰-bm¬ F¥m hen™p Ib-dn-h-∂-Xm-tWm?'' K{_n-

tb¬ amemJ khn-\bw adp-]Sn t_m[n-∏n®p. "Atøm, Aßs\

H∂p-an-√. Rm≥ ]Øp-]-{¥≠p sIm√-ambn Cu Imh¬∏Wn

XpS-ßn-bn´v. ]´m-f-°m¿ Znh-khpw aq∂p \mep t]¿ hcpw. Cu

Ime-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ BZy-am-bn-´mWv Hcp _nj∏v hcp-∂-Xv. B

kt¥mjw sIm≠p sNbvXp t]mb-Xm-Wv.'

B\-hmcn cma≥\m-b-cpw, s]m≥Ip-cnip tXmabpw I≠-º-d-

b-\pw, ]ø≥kpw, NmØ≥kpw Hs° Fßs\ anI® cmjv{Sob

hnl-k-\-Øn\v Ac-sßm-cp-°p∂p F∂v \mw I≠n-´p-≈-Xm-

Ws√m. F≥.-hn.-bpsS tKmUvsk Ihn-X-Iƒ anI® DZm-l-c-W-

ß-fm-Wv. Ipd®p ]n∂n-embn sNΩ\w Nmt°m-hn-t\bpw

ImWmw.

]mc-Un-Iƒ°v kmam\yw \o≠ Ncn-{X-am-Wp-≈-Xv. Ipg∏w

kRvP-bs\ am{Xta \ncq-]-I¿ ImWp-∂p≈q F∂-Xm-Wv. sI.-

F-kv.-]n.-I¿Øm-hv, aoim≥, koXm-cm-a≥, F≥.-sI.-tZiw,

sI.B¿.-tSmWn F∂n-ßs\ kmam\yw \o≠-Xm-Wv, N¶o-

N¶c°m-cp-tS-bpw ZmXyp-l-k-tμ-i-Im-ct‚bpw ]n≥ap-d. Nne-t∏m-

sg-¶nepw Ah¿ kRvP-b-t\-°mƒ {it≤-b-cm-hp∂p F∂p ]d-

bm≥ t]mepw F\n°v aSn-bn-√. \ap°v \mS-I-߃°v ]mc-Un-

I-fp≠v. ktμ-i-Im-hy-Øn\p ]mc-Unbp≠v. B´-°-Ybv°p

]mcUn D≠v F∂v F√m kmln-Xy-N-cn-{X-Im-c-∑mcpw ]d-bp-

∂p≠v (]m-´p-Æo-N-cn-Xw˛kmln-Xy-N-cn-{X-Im-c-∑m¿ Bcpw AXp

I≠n-´n-√);- alm-Im-hy-Øns‚ ]mcUn BWv lqW{]ho-c-

NcnXw. {KŸ-Im-c≥ Bsc-∂-dn-bn-√. H´msI ]Xn-∂m-ep- t«mIw,

8 k¿§w!) ]d-tßm-So-]-cn-Wbw H´msI t\mh-ens‚ ]mc-Un-

bm-Wv.

ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS IYm-I-Y\]mc-º-cy-Ønse Hcp imJ

IqØmWv. sNdp-I-Y-bpsS kz`m-h-amb Npcp-°¬ A√, adn®v

hnS¿Ø¬ BWv IqØns‚ coXn. CXn-hr-Ø-Øns‚ \qX-\Xzw

sIm≠-√, BJym-\-Øns‚ khn-ti-jX sIm≠mWv, Htc IY

]Øp XhW ]d-bp-tºmgpw tIƒhn-°m-c≥ ckn-°p-∂-Xv. hna¿i-

\hpw hn⁄m-\hpw hnf-ºm≥ Hcp Du∂p-hSn F∂Xne-[n-I-

sam∂pw NmIym¿°v IY {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sm-dn-√. ]c-Øn-∏-d-bp-I,

Nncn-bpsS tasºmSn tN¿°pI˛CXmWv IqØns‚ hg-°w. ]cn-

342019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

lmkw Xs∂-bmWv, DZmØ lmky-a√ AXns‚ apJ-ap-{Z.

tXme-\n¬ \n∂m-Wt√m hnZq-jI ]mc-ºcyw XpS-ßp-∂-Xv. AXv

NmIym¿ Gs‰-Sp-Øv, \ºymsc Gev]n-®p. \ºym¿ Xs‚ \m´p-

Im-c≥ F∂p]d-bm-hp∂ hn.-sI.-F≥. ap≥]n-se-Øn-b-t∏m¬

AXp sImSp-Øp. Ai\hpw h©-\hpw kv{Xotk-h-bpw, cmP-

tk-hbpw Xs∂ \mev AXn-cp-Iƒ, Ch¿°.v ]ns∂ `mjm

tIfnbpw.

"DØn-jvtTm-ØnjvT cmtP{μ apJw {]£m-fb kzmx

Gj- B-lq-bcm Ip°p, Nssh-Xp-ln- N-ssh-Xpln' F∂

A\p-jvSp∏v BcpsS Hs° s\©p]nf¿∂n-´m-hptam Bthm.

t«mI-Øn¬ Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw {]tbm-Kn-°p∂ ]Z-ßsf

hn`‡n t\m°n tNcpwt]mse tN¿°p∂ "A\zbw' F∂

{]{Inb kzoIm-cy-sa-¶n¬ (Zqcm-\zbw Imhy-tZm-j-am-tW) Ip°S:

F∂Xv Ip°p F∂pw S F∂pw B°n-bmse¥m F∂ bp‡n,

Iqcºp Xs∂. ]mZ-]q-c-W-Øn\v \nc¿∞-]Zw Bhmw F¶n¬

Hcp ]mZw Xs∂ Aßns\ Bhmw F∂mWv tXmes‚

kn≤m¥w˛AXmWv Nssh-Xpln Nssh-Xpln! {]mk-Øn¬

sI´n-Øq-ßp-∂-h\p In´nb sNm´m-Wv.

]pØ-cn-t®m-dp-≠n-´pw, aØ°q´m≥ Iq´o´pw

FÆ-tX®p Ipfn-®n-´pw, ]nØw h¿≤n®p `q]tX"´pw' F∂-

Xnse Ah-km\ "´pw' \mep-]m-Z-ß-fn-tebpw A£-c-kw-Jy-bnse

hyXym-k-Ønepw Dt≠m Nncn?

`mjm-tI-fn-bn¬ sNmdn-®p-a-√epw (a-dn-®p-sNm-√¬) hnh¿Ø-

\hpw Hs° hcpw. Cw•o-jp-Im-cs‚ kv]qW-dn-k-hpw, ame-

t{]m∏nkw Hs° Cu hn`m-K-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Ømw. tXmes‚

inh-kvXpXn Xs∂ BZy DZm-l-c-Ww.

""]√n-tØm-em-S-bm-bky, bky-]-{¥≠pa {]nbm

tImW-t®-́ m-̀ n-[m-\ky A¿≤m¿≤-{]-W-Xm-aylw'-̨ {io-]-c-ta-

iz-c\p Xs∂ Nncn h∂n-´p-≠m-hpw. (]-√n-˛-]√v D≈Xv˛Z¥w

D≈Xv˛Z¥n˛B\. B\-tØm¬ DSp-Ø-h-t\. "A¥n-a-ß-em-a-

°m-´m-\-tØm-ep-Sp-Øp-h≥ F∂v Pn. ]{¥-≠c˛Bdv, Bdv \Zn-

bm-Wv. KwKm-\Zn {]nb-X-a-bm-bp-≈-h-t\. tImWv-˛-aq-e-˛-ap-°v;

tN´≥-˛-A-Æ≥. tImW-t®-´≥˛ap°-Æ≥. A¿≤w˛]Ip-Xn,

A¿≤m¿≤w˛]Ip-Xn-bpsS ]Ip-Xn, Im¬. Im¬ hμn-°p-∂p).

Ipe-ti-J-cs‚ ]Xv\n sNdq-́ nbΩ-sb, "As∂m-Ø-tl-°o, Ipbn-

semØ ]m´o, Zcn-{Z-\n-√sØ-sb-hm-Kp-t]mse \o≠ßn-cn°pw

\b\ ZzbØo' F∂p kvXpXn-®-t∏mƒ BbΩ sNmSn-®p-h-s{X.

DSs\ tXme≥ XncpØn kwt_m-[-\-Iƒ am‰n "KW-]Xn hml-

\-cn-]p-\-b-t\, Zi-c-Y-\-μ-\-kJnhZt\' F∂m°n kt¥m-jn-

352019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

®p-hs{X! (As∂mØt]m°o-˛-A-c-b-∂-sØ-t∏mse \S-°p-∂-

hƒ; bhmKp=I™n. Zcn-{Zs‚ ho´nse I™n t]mse \o≠

IÆv. Zi-c-Y-\-μ\kJnhZ\ Zi-cYs‚ ]p{X-s‚, cmas‚, kJn-

bp-sS, kp{Ko-hs‚ hZ\w t]mse D≈ hZ\ap≈-h-tf, Ipc-ßp-

tam-¥-°mco F∂¿∞w. KW-]-Xn-hm-l\w˛Fen; Fen-bpsS

cn]p, i{Xp ]q®. ]q®-°-Æn)

Cu ]mc-º-cy-amWv NmIym¿°v. _men-bpsS hmen¬ IpSp-

ßnb cmh-W≥, "h√msX apdp-In, H∂-b-bv°Ww' Fs∂ms°

hne-]n-°p-∂n-SsØ ]cn-lmkw Nne¿t° a\- n-em-hm-dp-≈q.

`mKyw. NmIym¿ IY-bn-eqsS Imcyw ]d-bpw. (hm-kvX-h-Øn¬

temI-sa-ºmSpw aX-߃ Imcyw ]d-bm-\mWv IY D]-tbm-Kn-®n-

cp-∂-Xv. ae-bm-f-Øn¬ Imcy-hn-h-c-an-√m-Ø-h≥, IY-bn-√m-Ø-h-

\mWv!) {]kn-≤-amb Hcp NmIym¿ IY.

IY ]d™p t]mIp-tºmƒ Hcp L´-Øn¬ NmIym¿ {]Jym-

]n-°p∂p˛{_“mhpw Ipem-e\pw H∂p Xs∂. F∂n´v ap∂n-en-

cn-°p∂ Hcm-tfmSp tNmZn-°pw "Ipem-e≥ F∂m¬ F¥m

A¿∞w? \n›-b-apt≠m?' NmIym¿IqØv tdUntbm ]cn-]m-Sn-

bm-Wv. ]d-bp-∂Xp tIƒ°pI F∂-X-√msX Atßm-s´m∂pw

]d-bm≥ hø-t√m. NmIym¿ XpScpw "\n›weyt√? Xs‚ apJØp

t\m°n AXp ]d-b-≠m∂p h®m¬ kΩ-Xn-°n-√y. F¥m

sNøym. ]d-bmw. Ipem-e≥∂p h®m¬ sImi-h≥' Ipi-h\pw

{_“mhpw Hcp t]mse Xs∂. c≠mfpw krjvSn-I¿Ωw

sNøp∂p. ]©-̀ q-X-ß-sf-s°m≠v. Ipi-h≥ asÆ-Sp-°pw, Aev]w

sh≈w tN¿°pw. ]m{Xw cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºm-sgms° hmbp AXv

Aev]w H∂p-W-°pw. A∏-gbv°pw AXn-\-IØv BImiw \nd-

™n-cn-°pw. ]ns∂ A·n-bn¬ NpSpw. {_“mhpw krjvSn- ]-©-

`q-X-߃ sIm≠m-Wt√m! As∏m {_“mhpw Ipem-e\pw Xpey¿.

A√ hnizm-km-bn√y F∂m¬ Hcp hyXymkw D≈Xp ]d-bmw.

{_“-krjvSn D]-tbmKw Ign-™m¬ NpSpw. Ipi-hs‚ krjvSn

Np´p Ign-™mWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I. CXp IY-b-√, thZm-¥-amWv.

e¶m-Z-l-\-IY ]d-bp-tºmƒ kZ- n¬ \n∂v Cd-ßn-t∏mbn ae-

aq-{X-hn-k¿÷\w Ign™v sh≈w In´m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ iuNw

\n¿Δ-ln-°m-\m-hmsX XncnsI h∂ t{imXm-hn-t\mSv, H∂n\p

t]mbn c≠pw Ign®v sh≈w sXmSmsX t]m∂q As√, anSp-

°≥! F∂p ]d™ NmIym-cp-≠v.

\ºym¿ \S-Øn-bXpw Cu ]pcp-jm¿∞-h¿Æ-\-Iƒ Xs∂.

`S-P-\-߃°p ckn-°p∂ ]cn-lmkw Xs∂ BWv Xp≈-enepw.

t]sc-SpØp ]d™v iIm-cn-°m\pw \ºym¿ apXn-cp-∂p-≠v.

"Aº-e-hm-kn-I-sfms°t∏ms´, i¶-c-am-cm-cn-hnsS hcs´'

362019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

F∂v i¶-c-am-cmsc hnfn®p hcp-Øpw. ]´-∑msc ]cn-l-kn-®m¬

\ºym¿°p aXn-h-cn-√. \mb-cpw, \ºq-Xn-cnbpw, s]mXp-hmfpw

Hs° B hmIvi-c-߃ G‰p ˛ \ºym-scm-gnsI F√m-h-cpw.

]Z-tIfn F∂ hn`m-K-Øn¬ s]Sp-Øm-hp∂ \¿Ωhpw

\ºym¿°p-≠v. ]ZwsIm≠v ]¥m-Sp-I-b-√, ]Incn IØn-°p-I-

bmWv \ºym¿ sNbvXXv ˛ ap≥t]m, ]n≥t]m as‰m-cmƒ°pw

AXp km[n-®n-´n-√. Aº-e-∏pg cmPm-hns‚ kZ-ky-\m-bn-cn-°p-

tºmƒ, Ahn-SsØ kZysb kvXpXn® t«mIw Xs∂, Aº-e-

∏pg cmPm-hns\ tXmev]n® am¿Øm-fi-h¿Ωsb sNm√n-tIƒ∏n-

®-t∏mƒ ]Z-t—-Z-Ønse {]tXy-I-X-bm¬ FXn-c¿∞w P\n-∏n®p

\ºym¿ F∂ IY-bpw, B t«mIhpw {]kn-≤w.

"]{Xw-hn-kvXr-X, a{X Xpº-a-e¿ tXmt‰mSnt\mc-∂hpw

]pØ≥ss\I\nsb, -]gp-Ø-]-ghpwImfn-, ∏-g¶mf\pw

]Ø-™q-dp-I-dn-°p-Zm-ky-an-bepw \mc-ßbpw amßbpw

C∞w sNº-I-\m-´n-ejvSn Xbn¿tam¿X-´msX In´pw ZrVw'

F∂ t«mIw

"]{Xw hnkvXr-X-a-{X-Xp-º, ae¿tXm-t‰m-Sn-t\m-c-∂hpw

]pØ≥ss\-I\nsb, ]gp-Ø-]-ghpw Imfn, ∏g-¶m-f\pw

]Ø-™q-dp-Idn-°p-Zm-ky-an-bepw \mc-ßbpw amßbpw

C∞w sNº-I-\m-´n-ejvSn Xbn¿tam¿ X´m-sX-In´pw ZrVw'

F∂mb-t∏mƒ A¿∞w FXn-cm-bn.

(ss\\w-On-μ-¥n-i-kv{XmWn F∂-Xn\v hn.-sI.-F≥ Fgp-Xnb

]cn-`mj ss\\ms\ Hcp ]p√pw sNøm-\n√ F∂m-Wv. "lp

Ckv Ass{^Uv Hm^v sh¿Po-\nb hpƒ^v' BWv sh≈m-

bWn A¿Pp-\s\ B¿°p `bw? F∂m-bXv!)

F∂m¬ NmIymcpw \ºymcpw lmky-tZym-X-I-amb Hc-¥-

co£w krjvSn®v AXn¬\n∂v ]cn-lmkw \njv]m-Zn-∏n-°p-I-

bm-Wv. ˛ Hcp Xcw kn‰p-th-j≥ tIma-Un. CXv lmky-km-{am-

Py-Øn¬ am‰p Ipd-™-Xm-Wv. ]n.-sI.-cmPcmP-h¿Ωbpw thfq¿

IrjvW≥Ip-´n-bpw, kpIp-amdpw Hs° Cu coXn-bnse ap≥\nc-

°m-cm-Wv. Ir{Xn-am-¥-co£ krjvSn-bn-emWv AhnsS lmky-

Øns‚ thcv. (c≠p _[n-c-∑m¿ IYm-]m-{X-ß-fm-hp∂ Hcp IY

DZm-l-c-Ww. Hcp _[n-c≥ FÆ tX®v tkm∏pw I®-ap-≠p-ambn

t]mIp-tºmƒ FXnsc hcp∂ _[n-c≥ tNmZn-°p-∂p.

"Ipfn-°m≥ t]mhzmtWm?'

"tlbv! Rm≥ Ipfn-°m≥ t]mhzm''

""Blm! Rm≥ hnNm-cn®p Ipfn-°m≥ t]mhzm-sW-∂v). hn.-

sI.-F≥. sNøp-∂Xv AXp-am-{X-a-√. ho£-W-Øns‚ khn-ti-

jXsIm≠v Hcp km[m-cW kw`-h-Øn¬\n∂pw a‰m¿°pw

372019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

ImWm-\m-hmØ \¿Ω-Øns‚ Hcp Xnf°w Is≠-Øp-I-bm-Wv.

{]mW-bm¿∞\ tI´v \n¿Δn-Im-c-bmbn \n¬°p∂ \mbn-Isb

∏‰n "Hcp hnIm-c-hpw C√, h√ hnIm-cn-bp-tSbpw aI-fmhpw' F∂p

]d-bm≥ hn.-sI.-F∂p am{Xta Bhq. ]ns∂ F≥.-hn.°pw "F≥

Np≠n-sem-´n-S-bv°q-dnb am[p-cn, \n≥ Np≠n-\p-≈tXm en]vÃn-

°n-\p-≈tXm F∂v At±-l-am-Wt√m Imap-I-s\-s°m≠p tNmZn-

∏n-®-Xv.

ae-bm-f-Ønse lmky-Ønse Hcp {][m\ hn`m-K-amWv \ºq-

cn-]v^-en-Xw. henb t¢i-sam∂pw C√mØ Pohn-Xw, henb

{]Xo-£-Iƒ H∂pw C√mØ PohnXw ˛ CsXms° Bbn-cp∂p

PmXn-t{i-Wn-bn¬ Db¿∂ \ºq-Xn-cn-bpsS kmaq-ly-Po-hn-Xw.

kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ BZ-c-hv, hmbn-®-dn-hv, `qkzØv, `‡n ˛

CsXms° B kap-Zm-bsØ kzm[o-\n® LS-I-ß-fm-Wv. Ah¿

s]mXp-hm-bn-∏-d-™m¬ hg-°m-fn-Iƒ A√. (tIc-fØnse {Inan-

\¬ tIkp-I-fn¬ ̨ ]nSn-®p-]-dn, ASn-]nSn, tamj-Ww, sIme-]m-

X-Iw, I≈-{]-amWw D≠m-°¬ ̨ \ºqcn {]Xn-bm-hp-∂Xv hfsc

hfsc Ipd-hm-Wv.) \ºqcn hnUvVnØw F∂p ]ecpw ]d-bp∂

\¿Ωw Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ [mcm-f-am-Wv. ]n.-]p-cp-tjm-Ø-a≥ \mb¿

Ht´sd IY-I-fn¬ "hmkp \ºq-Xn-cn-tbbpw tIi-h≥ \mb-tcbpw

Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v.

Hcp \ºq-cn-]v^en-Xw. \ºqcn _ p ImØp \n¬°p-∂p.

thsdbpw Nne-cp≠v _kv tÃm∏n¬. At∏mƒ Hcmƒ, AXn-

eqsS Hcp-B\tbbpw sIm≠p-t]m-bn. Xe FSp-∏p≈ e£-W-

samØ B\. _ p ImØp \n∂hcn¬ Hcmƒ Aev]w Dds°

tNmZn-®p. "GXm B\?' DS≥ h∂p \ºq-cn-bpsS adp-]-Sn. "B

IdpØv henb km[\m B\. IqsS D≈ a\p-jy≥ B\-°mc≥.'

Cu \ºq-cn-bpsS ]q¿Δn-I-\mWv Ihn-bmb sNdp-t»-cn. At±lw

IrjvW-Km-Y-bn¬ Hcp `mKØv Zi-a-Ønse IYbv°v cq]-am‰w

hcp-Øn-b-Xns\ \ºq-cn-S®v Ft∂ ]d-bm-\m-hq. A{Iqc-s\m∏w

Iwks‚ cmP-[m-\n-bn-se-Ønb IrjvW\v Ip_vP-bmb Hcp-hƒ

Ipdn-°q-́ p-Iƒ \¬In F∂p ̀ mK-h-Xw. AXp kzoI-cn®v ̀ Khm≥

Ah-fpsS AwK-ssh-Ieyw am‰n-sb-Sp-Øp. sNdp-t»cn Fgp-Xn.

"am\n\n X∂psS ta\n \nh¿∂-t∏mƒ

amc∂p hn√p hf™p sNtΩ'

as‰mcp `mKw. _e-`-{Z≥, NqXp-I-fn-°p-∂p. FXn-cm-fn- I≈-

°-fn-sb-Sp-Øp. ZpjvS\mb _e-̀ -{Z≥ Ccp-∂n-cp∂ ]e-I-sb-SpØv

FXn-cm-fn-bpsS apJw AS®v Hc-Sn. Abm-fpsS ]√p-Iƒ

sImgn™p. "Z¥m≥ A]-X-b¬ {Ip≤w' F∂p `mK-h-Xw.

hnh¿Ø\w Cßs\:

382019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

"Dev]-∂-tcm-j-\mbv \n∂-h≥ hm¿Ø-Iƒ

]^-_-`a F∂m-°n-h-®p.

Z¥ym-£-c-߃ ]pd-s]-Sm-Ø-t∏mƒ HmjvTym-£-c-ß-fmbn

Bÿm-\Øv!

ae-bm-f-Øn¬ Ipdpw-I-Y-Iƒ! IYm-¥y-Ønse SznÃv Ch-

sbms° anI® Nncn Hfn-™n-cn-°p∂ CS-ß-fm-Wv. Nncn-bpsS

aØm∏q IØn-°p-∂-hbpw, Gdp-]-S°w t]mse s]m≈n-°p-∂-

hbpw C°q-´-Øn-ep-≠v. tZhm-e-b-Øn¬ \n∂m-hs´ HcpZml-c-

Ww. Ip¿∫m-\°pw {]kw-K-Øn\pw tijw ]ptcm-ln-X≥, ̀ ‡-

tcmSv tNmZn-°p-∂p. ""Cu P∑-Ønse ̀ ¿Øm-hn-s\m∏w C\n P∑-

ap-s≠-¶n¬ At∏mgpw Pohn-°m-\m-{K-ln-°p∂ kv{XoIƒ ssI

Db¿ØpI' Hcp ssIbpw Db¿∂n-√. Aev]w \ncmi tXm∂n

]ptcm-ln-X-\v. tNmZyw Bh¿Øn-®p. hr≤-bmb Hcp kv{Xo am{Xw

ssIbp-b¿Øn. A®\v Bizm-kw. Ahsc ASp-tØ°v hnfn®v

At±lw Bh-iy-s∏-´p. "F¥p sIm≠mWv AΩma Aßns\

]d-™Xv F∂v Ch¿°v hni-Zo-I-cn®p sImSp°q' AΩma

]d™p: ""Hcp P∑w A√ ]Øp P∑w P\n-t°≠n h∂mepw

Rm≥ Abmƒ°p sskzcw sImSp-°n√!' AΩma shdpsX ]d-

™-X-√. s]mcp-Ø-t°Sp \nd™ Zmº-Xy-I-Y-I-fn¬ H∂p am{X-

am-W-Xv. Xte-h¿jw h‡mhv ]pcp-j-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Abmƒ h√-

t∏mgpw Hcn-°¬ ]≈n-bn¬ t]mbm-em-bn. AXn-s\-s®m√n F∂pw

hg-°m-Wv. ]ptcm-ln-X-t‚-bpw, kz¥w ̀ mcy-bp-tSbpw \n¿_-‘-

Øn\p hgßn Ipcp-tØm-e-s∏-cp-\m-fn\v Abmƒ ]≈n-bn¬

t]mImw F∂v Dd∏psImSpØv `mcysb t\csØ ]≈n-bn-te-

°-b-®p. Ipsd sshIn Abmƒ ]≈n-bn-se-Øn. ]s£ Hme

sIm≠p≈ Ipcn-si-Sp-°m≥ ad-∂p. Abmƒ `mcy-bvs°m∏w

]ptcm-ln-X\p ap∂n-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ At±lw tNmZn®p "tN´-

s\¥m Ipcniv FSp-°m-Xn-cp-∂Xv' Abmƒ ̀ mcysb Nq≠n-°m´n

]d-™p. "tZ, At®m Rm≥ Fs‚ Ipcnip sIm≠p h∂n-´p≠v'

`‡n-bpsS Xew hn´p-I-f-bq. "tdj≥ IS-°m-cs‚ ̀ mcy {]k-

hn-®p: Ip™n\v Xq°w Ipd-hm-Wv.' F∂ H‰-hcn hnh-cWw

F{X \nin-X-amb ]cn-lmkIY-bm-Wv.'

i_vZm-[n-jvTn-X-amb \¿Ω-Øn\v Hcp \nanØw "ame-t{]m-

∏nkw' BWv ̨ sNmdn®p a√¬. ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ]ecpw kw`m-j-

W-Øn¬ Cu hnZy A\m-bmkw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≠v. anI® DZm-

l-cWw \ºq-cn-°Y Xs∂. thfnIgn™v h¿j-߃ ]n∂n-

´n´pw k¥m-\-ku-̀ mKyw In´m-Xn-cp∂ \ºq-Xn-cn-tbmSv, Hcp ssZh-

⁄≥ ]d-™p-h-t{X, DÆn D≠m-bm¬ \qdp IZ-fn-∏gw tXmep

If™v t\Zn°mw F∂v. l\p-am≥ tImhn-en¬ t]mbn {]m¿∞n-

392019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

®m¬ k¥m-\-`mKyw D≠mhpw F∂v. \ºqcn AX-\p-k-cn®p

{]m¿∞n-®n-S-ØmWv sNmdn-®p-a-√¬ IS∂pIqSn-b-Xv. At∏mƒ

{]m¿∞\ "Fs‚ IZ-fn-∏tg F\n-s°mcp l\p-am-\p-≠m-bm¬

\qdv DÆn-Isf tXep-I-f™p t\Zn-t®-°mta' F∂m-bn! DÆn

D≠m-bn. a¿°Skz`m-hw; hnIrXn; Nnß-am-k-Øn¬ Xncp-thm-

W-Øn\v \ºq-Xncn ]qPsNøp-tºmƒ DÆn NmSnhoWp hnIrXn-

Im-´m≥XpS-ßn. ]nSn-h-en-°n-S-bn¬ DÆn IS-∂p-]n-Sn-®Xv \ºq-

Xn-cn-bpsS ]qWp\qen¬ AXp-s]m-́ n. ka-\nehn´v £p`n-X-\mb

\ºq-Xncn, DÆn-bpsS CcpssIIfpw Iq´n-]n-Sn®v ASn-°m≥

heXpssI Hmßp-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ iIm-cn®p: ""Nnß-am-k-Øn¬

]qWq-em-bn´v Xncp-thmWws]m´n® i∏m, \ns∂ Rm≥...

DÆnbv°v ASn-sIm≈pw F∂p `b∂ A¥¿÷\w HmSn-h∂v

Ip´nsb ]nSn®p am‰p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ A`y¿∞n®p ""DÆymWv hø-

Ø-∏s\ X√-cpXv'' "ssdh¬kv' \mS-I-Øn¬ anknkv sjcn-

U≥ kwkm-cn-°p∂coXn C-Xm-W-t√m.

ae-bm-f-Ønse ap‡-I-ß-fn¬ \¿Ωw Ik-shm-fn-Nm¿Øp∂

\nc-h[n cN-\-I-fp-≠v. {]m¿∞-\-I-fn¬ thZm-¥hpw [¿tΩm-]-

tZ-ihpw IS-∂p-Iq-Sp-∂Xv kzm`m-hn-Iw; ]e `mj-Ifnepw B

coXn D≠v F∂m-W-dn-hv. F∂m¬ ae-bm-fn°v ̀ ‡n-bpw Nncnbpw

Iq´n-°-e¿Øm≥ khn-tijsshZKv≤ywXs∂ D≠v. inh-\m-

bmepw hnjvWp-hm-bmepw AhnsS t`Z-sam-∂p-an-√.

""]n®-°m-c≥ Kan-®m-s\-hn-sS, _en-apJw X∂n¬

Fßn∂p \rØw

sa®-tØm-S-®n-am¿ho-S-Xn¬, FhnsS arKw, ]∂n˛

]ms™ßp t]mtbm?

Ft¥ I≠oe aqcn-°n-g-Sns\ CS-b≥ sNm√p-a-°mcy˛

sa√mw

kuμ-cy-Ø¿°-tahw, ca-bp-ap-a-bp-am-bp≈˛

tXIs´ tamZw''

e£vanbpw ]m¿Δ-Xnbpw e£van-b-Ωbpw ]mdp-°p´n AΩbpw

Bb c≠-b¬°mcn ae-bmfnkv{XoIƒ Bbn F∂ptXm∂pw.

"sX≠o-´m-W-i\w XpWn-°p-]-Icw tXmem-Wp-Sp-Øo-Sp-hm≥

]≠w ]∂-K-amWv I≠-Np-Sp-e-°m-Sm-Wn-cp-∂o-Sp-hm≥

X≠m¿ kmb-I-ssh-cn-bmWv ̀ K-h≥ k¿Δ-⁄-\m-sW-¶nepw

c≠m-fp-≠p-I-f-{X-sas‚ inh-t\, Nn{Xw Ncn{Xw Xh'' F∂

inh-kvXp-Xn, `‡n-b-√, Nncn-bmWv P\n-∏n°p-I.

ka-kym-]q-cWw F∂ Ihn-in-£-bn¬ Cu s]mSnss° [mcm-

f-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p. "Xh-a-e-a-Itf PmXIw PmXn Xs∂'

F∂ ka-ky-bpsS hnJym-X-amb ]qcWw CXm:

402019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

"ap∏mcpw Im°p-hm-\n√ ]c-s\m-cp-h≥ Hcp aI≥ ̀ p‡n-bn¬

Xr]vXn-bn√m

sXt∏mgpw h∂-e´pw ]cn-W-b-a-W-bm-s∏¨In-Sm-hp-s≠m˛-

cpØn

hnev]m-\p-t≈mcp ]≠w\ln-]-I¬, DZ-[u-tkm-Z-c≥,

sX≠n-`¿Øm˛

hn∏m-Sm¿°p-≈p-th-sd, "Xh-a-e-a-I-tf-Pm-XIw PmXn-Xs∂'

sImSp-ß√q¿Ifcn CΩm-Xncn hnt\m-Z-ß-fn¬ A`n-c-an-®n-

cp∂p. Ah¿ ̂ en-X-Ihn F∂p hnfn-®n-cp∂ hy‡n-bmWv s]´-

sc-gnbw sNdnbcma≥ Cf-b-Xv. "Ftf-Xcw hmk\'sIm≠v {it≤-

b≥ Bb hy‡n. Hcn-°¬, shSn-h-´-Øn-\n-S-bn-te°v sshIn

h∂ Cf-b-Xns\ Ifn-bm-°m≥, Iq´-Øn¬ Hcmƒ Hcp kaky

D≠m°n ˛ Cf-bXmfp alm-c-kn-I≥ ktJ' Cf-b-Xn-s‚-h-I-

bmbpw ]qcWw D≠m-bn. AXn-{]-Imcw:

"Ipf-h-c-ºn¬ apf®p hf¿∂Xpw

hfsc\o≠p shfpØpXSn-®Xpw

]pfn-sbm-gn®p Ie°n hdp-ØXmw

Cfb,Xmfp alm-c-kn-I≥ ktJ!'

H‰t«mI-c-N-\-bnse Cu \¿Ω-]m-c-ºcyw {ZpX-IhnX-bnepw

IS-∂p-Iq-Sn. cwKw sImSp-ß-√q¿ IfcnXs∂. sh◊Wn A—≥,

al≥, \Sp-hw, A®-¶-≠≥ F∂n-h-cmWv shSn-h-´-Ønse AwK-

߃. h¿Ø-am\w ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ t\cwt]mbXv

Adn-™n-√. Aº-e-Øn¬\n∂p \nbashSn apg-ßn-b-t∏m-gmWv

k‘ym-h-μ-\-Øn\p kabw Ign-™t√m Ft∂m¿Ø-Xv. \Sphw

sNm√n "\nb-a-shSn apg-ßo, \oc-P-Øm¿ abßo' Fs∂mcp hcn.

sh◊Wn A—≥ c≠mwhcn D≠m-°n. "hnbXn iin hnf-ßo,

hn{]c¿Lyw XpSßn' als‚ hI aq∂mw]mZw "Nne-cp-I-S-hn-

dßo Nmh-Xn-∏m-\n-dßo' A—≥ \ºq-Xncn aIs\ iIm-cn-®p.

\√-hcn D≠m°q F∂p \n¿t±-iw. DS≥h∂p Xncp-Ønbhcn

"Xcp-W-c-Y-\-XmwKoauen-am-tcmSnWßn' A®-¶-≠s‚ Dug-amWv

\memw-hcn cN-\. Abmƒ sNm√n XpS-ßn. "kpc-X-cp-Nn-Xp-Sßn˛

]ns∂ A∏p-d-tØ°p \oßp-∂n√ F∂pI≠-t∏mƒ sh◊Wn

al≥ ]qcn-∏n-®p "kp{`p-\o-sb-¥p-dßo'

"\nb-a-sh-Sn-ap-gßo \oc-P-Øm¿ abßo

hnbXn iin hnfßo hn{]-c¿Lyw XpSßo

Xcp-W-c-Y-\-XmwKo auen-am-tcm-Sn-Wßn

kpc-X-cp-Nn-Xp-Sßo kp{`p-\o-sb-¥p-dßo' F∂ t«mIw

Aßs\ D≠m-bn.

\¿Ωw Xnf-°-ta-‰p∂ CΩm-Xncn t«mI-߃ ]mc-Un-I-fpsS

412019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Iq´-Øn-ep-≠v. `¿Ør-Kr-l-Øn-te°p bm{X-bm-hp∂ iIp-¥-

fbv°v IWz≥ \¬Ip∂ D]-tZ-i-am-Wt√m {]kn-≤-amb Cu

t«mIw.

"tkhn-®o-SpI ]qPysc {]nb-k-Jn-bvs°m∏w k]-Xv\o-P\w

`mhn-®o-Sp-I, Im¥-t\m-Sn-S-sbm-em -[n-°m-c-ta-‰o-Snepw

ImWn-®o-Sp-I- `r-Xycn¬ Zb sRfn-™o-SmbvI `mKy-ß-fn¬

hmWn-́ n-ßs\ I\y-bmƒ Krl-Wn-bm-a-s√-¶ntem _m[-X≥''

F≥.-sI.-tZ-i-Øns‚ A\p-I-cWw:

""tkhn-®o-SpI ssK\-an≥1 [\n-Icmw s]¨tIm-¥sc

Im¥-cmbv

_v`mhn-®o-SpI NmIp-thm-f-a-dn-bn-bvs°m√m

hb- m-scbpw

Pohn°q apX-em-f-scmØp sRfnbq X≥ta\nX≥

ta\n-bm˛

emhpw t]m¬ \Sn-bm-hp-Io-hI \tbm-]mb

{]tbm-K-ß-fm¬''

A\-\zbw apX¬ A¿∞m-]-Øn-hsc D≈ Ae-¶m-c-߃°v

`mjm-̀ q-j-WsØ A\p-I-cn®v sI.-F-kv.-]n. Fgp-Xnb A\p-jvTp-

∏p-Iƒ anI® lmkym-\p-I-cW amXr-I-I-fm-Wv.

A\-\z-bm-e-¶m-cw, ̀ mjm-̀ q-j-W-Øn¬ C{]-Im-c-amWv F.-B¿.-

X-ºp-cm≥ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv.

"Xt∂mSp ka-ambvØm≥Xm≥' F∂psNm∂m-e-\-\zbw

Cμp Cμp-hn-t\m-sSm∏w kpμ-cm-IrXn `mkp-c≥

˛sI.-F-kv.-]n.

"Xt∂mSp ka-ambvØm≥Xm≥ F∂psNm∂m-e-\-\zbw

\ºm-S≥ amÃ-tdm-sSm∏w \ºm-S≥ amÿXs∂bmw'

"hnti-tjm‡n P\n-°m-bvIn¬ Imcyw tlXp hncn-°sh

Ipd-™n√ lrZn-kvt\lw kvac-Zo]w Pzen-°nepw'

F∂v F.-B¿.

"hnti-tjm‡n P\n-°mbvIn¬ Imcyw tlXp-hn-cn°th

]h¿I-´p-Ip-d-®oe ag [mcm-f-am-Inepw' F∂v sI.-F-kv.-]n.

Hcp-Zm-l-cWwIqSn.

"D]-am-\w hy¿∞-sa∂p IYn-®mepw {]Xo-]amw

hºn-°p-∂-sX-¥n-\o- q-cy≥ \n≥{]-Xm]w Xm]n-°sh'

F∂v F.-B¿. Fgp-Xn. sI.-F-kv.-]n.-F-gp-Xn-bXv C{]-Imcw

"D]-am\w hy¿∞-sa∂p IYn-®mepw {]Xo-]amw

Icp-Wm-I-c-\p-≈-t∏mƒ DΩ≥Nm-≠n-b-sX-¥nt\m?

ap‡-I-c-N-\-bpsS cmP-inev]n F∂p hnfn-°m-hp∂ hn.-sI.-

Pn-.bpsS \¿Ω-`m-kp-c-ß-fmb F{X t«mI-ß-fmWv ae-bm-f-

422019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Øns‚ aμ-lmkw Bhp-∂-Xv.

"hmI-®m¿Øn\p h√hÆ-hp-ap-W¿s∂-Øp-sºm-tg-°-ºew

amI-μm-ip-K-am-\-Zfi aln-fm-am-WnIy amK-©nXw

hmI-∏q-ar-Zp-saøp saøn-ep-ckp-tºm-sfs‚ tKm]o-P\

{ioI-{a-kvX-\-Ip-¶p-am-¶nX a\-t m-Sp∂p ht√-Shpw'

F∂v Ipº-km-cn-®-Xnse \¿Ωw, Aev]wIqSn CXƒhnS¿

Øp∂p.

"TmWm-hn¬÷-\\w hf¿∂-Xn-S-b-s∏-Æns‚ ssIsØm-´n-˛

en¬

{]mW≥ImØXp s]¨sIm-e-s°m-Sp-a-bm¬ hnZym-ebw;

tKmKrlw

t£mWo-cw-`-Ifmw {hPmw-K-\-IƒX≥ Pmc-Xz-ap-tZymKw, F˛

¥mWmthm Xh-ta-∑, Iwk-h-[tam, ]m¿∞s‚ kmc-Yytam?'

F∂nS-sØ-Øp-tºmƒ.

"\μn-s°≥ \μn\mYm ]g-\n-bpsS kao-]-Øn¬ \man{X˛

thKw

h∂t√m Nn{Xw DÆn-°p-S-b-a-bn-enXm ]mºn-s\ -Xn-∂n-Sp∂p.

hμyw hrμm-h\wXm\nXp, I\-I-eXmI{abmw cm[tb km˛

\μw ]nRvOmhXwk≥... Kncn-P-bpsS apJw, \{a-ambv Xm{am-

ambn

F∂-Xnse HXp°nh® Nncn-bpsSam[pcyw F{X lrZy-amWv.

Cu ]mc-ºcyw Gs‰-SpØ Icp-Ø-\mWv F≥.-sI.-tZ-iw. \¿Ω-

`m-kp-c-ß-fmb \nc-h[n apØp-I-fmWv tZiw, ae-bm-f-Øn\p

ka¿∏n-®-Xv. Hcp hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw IqSmsX NneXv {i≤-bn¬

s]Sp-Øs´. ]m©meo hkv{Xm-t]-£-cwKkvacW C{]-Imcw:

"a√mtc! h√-h-s∏¨sImSn-I-fpsS ]g-t©-e-\o-]≠p tamjvSn

®nt√? Zpjvt]-cp-ap-≠m-b-Xn-s\mcp ]cn-lmcw ̀ hm≥ sNbvXp

]t£

hn√≥ Zp»m-k-\≥ {Zu]-Xn-bpsS aSn-°p-Ø-gn-®m-¿s°

ssek≥kn√m-X-s∏-Æ-c-s°s´mcp XpWn-an-√m-°n \o

t]m°nZpxJw''

ASpØ ap‡Iw hymP-kvXp-Xn-bmWv ˛ inh-s\-∏-‰n.

"thfn-sN-bvsXm-cp-h-fp≠p ]ns∂-sbm-fn-tkh

thsdmcphtfmSp,`q

Xmfn-Iq-fn-I-f-t\-I-ap-≠-dp-ap-J≥ KPm-ky-\n-h¿a-°fmw

Imf-]m-sºen-a-bq-c-am-sI-b-h-Xm-f-ambv Kncn-i-tam-¥n-t]m¬

Imf-Iq-S-sam-Sp-hn¬_v`hm≥ s]mdp-Xn-tI-Sn-emcpaXp

sNbvXpt]mw'

ka-Im-eo\ PohnXcwK-ß-fn-te°pw, t\cnb Nncn-tbmsS

432019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

tZiw IS-∂p-sN√pw. Hcp AwK≥hmSn ¢mkv. ape-∏m-ens‚ aWw

amdmØ Ip™p-Np-≠n¬ Bwt•bwXncp-Ip∂ A`ym-k-am-W-

hnsS.

""AwK≥hm-Sn-°Iw an -e-dn, apSn-bp-d-™m-Sn-tbtXm NnSp-߲

∂nw•ojvamk-{I-a-Øn¬ ]ng-hp-]n-Wsb "Which is the month after April?'

X≥Ip-s™-sß∂pamem¿-∂-e-bp-sam-cm-tSmSn hmXn¬°˛-

seØn

i¶m-lo\w Ic-™mƒ hSn-hgsI-gp-anw-•o-jn¬ "ta, ta!'

]pXp-X-e-ap-d-°m-c≥ ]øs‚ `mhn-kz]v\w t\m°q:

""ssZhw {]Xy-£-\mbvh∂-g-sImSp hc-a¿∞n-®p˛

sImƒsI-∂p-sNm¬sI

]mhw]ø≥ ]d-™m≥ Ch-s\mcp Infn-bmbv

Xocp-hm-\mWp tamlw

Xqsh≈{]mhv, Iqa≥, Ipbn¬, Ipcp-hn, Ipf-t°m-gntbm

th≠n--sXm∂pw

ss{]h‰v_ ns‚ ap≥hmXn-en-semcp Infn-bmbv

BephmsIm®n dq´n¬!'

Cw•o-jnse kvs]√nwKv antðv henbsX‰mWv hnZym-e-b-

ß-fn¬. ae-bm-f-Ønse A£-c-∏n-iIv kmc-am-°m-\n√ F∂mWp

`mhw. AXns‚ ^etam tZiw ImWn®pXcp-∂p.

""dnt∏m¿´p-Im¨sI a\-a-s∏¨sIm-Sn-°n-Sdn

K¿`m-i-b-Øn¬ ag, em_v

FIvkv]¿´v AXn-s∂mcp Ip\n-∏n´p kwK-Xn-Ip-g˛

∏Øn-em°n kIew

sIev]‰p hoWn-X-hƒ, At∏-∏¿Im¨sI, P\-sam∏w

hnfn®p angn\o˛

scm∏p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ dt∫ ISp∏-anXp K¿`m-ib

Øn¬ agpthm?

ASpØ Xe-ap-d-bn-te°pIS∂v sI.-B¿.-tSm-Wn-bn-se-Øp-

tºmgpw Cu \¿Ω-Øn\v aq¿®Ipd-bp-∂n-√. (Xn-f°w Iq´m-\p≈

{ia-Øn¬ Aev]wIqsS {i≤-bmhmw F∂v Fs‚ hmb-\m-\p-

`hw) Fgp-Ø-—s‚ XØz-Nn-¥bpw ]q¥m-\-Øns‚ `‡nbpw

Bims‚ hnIm-c-Xo-{h-Xbpw F√mw B[p-\nIIme-Øns‚,

Xs‚ Ime-Øns‚ s]mß-®-Øn-s\-Xnsc ]nSn-®mWv tSmWn Nncn-

°p-∂-Xv. Ic™p t]mIm-Xn-cn-°m≥th≠n Nncn-°p-∂-Xv. \n -

lm-b-XbmWv B¿{Z-X-bp-ambn ChnsS IqSn-°-e-cp-∂-Xv. "Ab¬

]-°Øv Ac-h-b¿ \nd-bm-s∏-Æn\p s]cp-h-b¿ \¬Ip∂

a¿Øy\p kvXpXn-]m-SpI' F∂p Aø-∏-∏-Wn-°¿ Fgp-Xn-b-

442019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

t∏mƒ At±lw D≈n¬ tXßn-bn-t√, B tXß-emWv, \n w-

K-X-bpsS Bh-cWwNm¿Øn tSmWn \ap°p \¬Ip-∂-Xv.

Ihn-X-bn¬ _mte-μp, IY-bn¬ C.-Fw.-tIm-hq¿, \¿ΩteJ-

\-ß-fn¬ hn{I-a≥, B\-μ-°p-´≥ ˛ F{X h¿Æm-`-amWv ae-bm-

fn-bpsS Nncn-bpsStemIw. AXp \jvS-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p

F∂-XmWv ZpxJI-c-amb kXyw. \Ω-sf-∏‰n Nn¥n-t°≠

t∏msgms° Rm≥ Fs∂-∏‰nam{Xw Nn¥n-°m≥XpS-ßn-bn-cn-

°p-∂p, F∂n-S-ØmWv Cu \jvS-Øns‚thtcm-´w. AXp Xncp-

Ø-Ww˛¢m papdn -Ifn -em-bmepw tImS-Xn -Ifnembmepw

Akwªn-I-fn-em-bm-epw, Bcm-[m-\m-e-b-ß-fn-em-bm-epw. hnip-

≤n-bpsS {iotIm-hn-ep-I-fn¬\n∂v ]W-°-®-h-S-°msc ASn-t®m-

Sn-t°≠ Ahÿ kwPm-X-ambns°m≠n-cn-°p-∂p. \ap°p

th≠Xv shfn-®-am-Wv; \√ hm°m-Wv, \√ a\- m-Wv˛lmky-

Øn\v hf-cm≥ hf-°q-dp≈ a\- m-Wv.

Hcp ]g-¶Y ]d™p Ah-km-\n-∏n-°mw. Hcp Ata-cn-°≥

{]kn-U‚ v c≠mw Dug-Øn\v a’-cn-°sh Xs‚ `c-W-t\-´-ß-

sf-∏‰n hnkvX-cn-®p; sNøm≥ Dt±-in-°p∂ Imcy-ß-sf-∏‰n hnh-

cn-°m\pw XpS-ßn. kmam-\y-Øn-e-[nIw {]kwKw\o≠-t∏mƒ

At±-l-Øns‚ `mcy Hcp Ipdn∏v sImSp-Øp-h-s{X. \me-£-c-

ap≈ Hcp hm°v, KISS. {]kn-U‚ v {]kwKw \n¿Øn. B Npcp-

s°-gp-Øns‚ kmcw At±-l-Øn\p a\- n-em-bn. Keep It ShortStupid F∂-Xns‚ Npcp-°-am-bn-cp∂p KISS.

1. ssK\-an¬ K¿`-\n-b-{¥W Kpfn-I-bm-Wv.

(ImeSn {ioi-¶-c-mNmcy kw-kvIrXk¿Δ-I-em-im-e-bn¬

\S-Ønb kn.-F≥.-\o-e-I-WvT≥ F≥tUm-sa‚ v {]`m-j-Ww)

452019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

a\p-jy-∏‰pw a¨IqdpwtUm.- A-P-b-]pcw tPymXn-jvIp-am¿

A\yhXvIcWØn\pw GItemI Bib߃°pw IogS

ßns°m≠ncn°p∂ kmaq-ln-Im-h-ÿ-bm-Wv C∂p \ne-hn-

ep≈Xv. BtKm-f-h¬I-cWw F∂ ]Zw B[n-]-Xy-hy-h-ÿ-

bpsS ]cym-b-am-Wv. ]e-Xp-Ifpw sNdp-Xp-I-fpw A{]-k-‡-am°n

F√mw Nne hº≥ Dd-hn-S-ß-fn-te°p tI{μo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂

hn]¬k‘n-bpsS Xm¬°m-en-I-kp-ÿn-Xn-bn¬ a\p-jy-cmin

Adn-bmsX {`an®pt]mhpI-bm-Wv. Cu A]-I-S-ßsf Xncn-®-dn-

bp∂ aq∂mw IÆp≈ Iem-Im-c≥amcpw Fgp-Øp-I-mcpw Bhpw

hn[w AXv hnfn®p ]d-bm≥ {ian-°p-∂p-≠vv. kz¥w am[y-a-

Øns‚ km[y-Xbpw IcpØpw {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠mWv

k¿Km-fl-I-km-ln-Xy-Im-c≥ Xs‚ ZuXyw \n¿h-ln-°p-∂-Xv.

\m´dnhpItfbpw tZiNcn{XtØbpw Abmƒ Fgp-Øn-eqsS

aS-°n-s°m≠p hcp∂p. kz¥w apcn-ß-®p-h-´n-¬ Imep-d-∏n®p

\n∂psIm≠v B \ne-]m-Sns‚ Bh-iy-IX temI-tØmSp

hnfn®p ]d-bp-∂p.

ae-bm-f-Ønse KZy-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬ CØcw [oc-amb {]Jym-

]-\-ß-fn-eqsS Fgp-Øns‚ kmaq-ln-I-ZuXyw \nd-th-‰nb Fgp-

Øp-Im-c-\m-Wv tImhn-e≥. Ihn-bm-IWw F∂ tamlw D≈n¬

h®p-sIm-≠p {]ikvX Ihn-I-fpsS cN-\-I-sfms° hmbn-®p a\-

462019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

]m-T-am°n hf¿∂ h -́∏-d-ºn¬ the-∏≥ Aø-∏≥ F∂ tImhn-

e≥ Pohn-X-tØmSp IqSp-X¬ \oXn-]p-e¿Øm≥ \√Xv IYm-km-

ln-Xy-am-sW∂v t_m[y-am-b-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿∂m-Wv IY-sb-gp-Øns‚

hgn kzoI-cn-®-Xv. kz¥w \m´n-S-h-gn-Ifpw ImgvN-h-´-Ønse a\p-

jycpw Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-kw-kvIm-chpw hnf-°n-t®¿Øp sIm≠

√msX Hcp IrXnbpw tImhn-e≥ FgpXn-bn-´n-√. DSp-∏p-e-bmsX

IY-I-sfgp-Xn-°q-´nbhcpsS H∏-a√ tImhn-es‚ ÿm\w. A\p-

`-h-ßfpsS lnam-e-b-Øn-te-dn-b-h-cpsS IqsS-bmWv. hnb¿∏pw

sNfnbpw \m´pX∑-Ifpw ebn®p InS°p∂ A£-c-kvam-c-I-ß-

f-m-Wv tImhn-es‚ IY-Iƒ.

I≠m-W-t»cn-bpsS Ie

Nc¬aÆpw ap\n-a-Sbpw IpS-°-√pIfpw \nd™ ̀ q{]-tZ-i-amWv

tIm-hn-es‚ X´-I-amb I≠m-W-t»cn. ]p√m\n-°p-∂ns‚ s\dp-

I-bn¬ Nhn-́ n-\n-∂p-sIm-≠m-Wv tImhn-e≥ k¿§-hym-]mcØn¬

G¿s∏-´-Xv. I≠m-W-t»-cn-bpsS lrZ-b-kz-c-amWv IY-I-fnepw

t\mh-ep-I-fnepw IqSn tImhn-e≥ Bkzm-Z-Isc tIƒ∏n-®-Xv. ]´m-

f-Ønepw {]hm-k-Po-hn-X-Ønepw Bbn-cp-∂-t∏mgpw At±lw

I≠m-W-t»cn-sb∂ kz¥w tZisØ sXm´p\n∂p. km¿Δ

euInI am\Zfi߃ sIm≠v \n¿Æbn°m\mhmØ {]mtZ

inINcn{XØnse CuSphbv∏pIsfbpw kw`h]cºcIsfbpw

k¿KmXvaIambn ]p\chXcn∏n®p. tcJob BJym-\-sØbpw

BZn-a-[ym¥ kºq¿Æ-amb IYm-L-S-\-sbbpw Imcy-am-°mØ

Cu Fgp-Øp-Imc≥ Hcp cN\ \n¿h-ln-°p-tºmƒ Hcp kw`-h-

Øns‚ ImX¬ Is≠Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂-p. ‘\mw ChnsS Hcp CXn-

hrØw cNn-°p-∂n-√, Hcp kw`-h-Øns‚ aqe-°-√n-f°n t\m°p-

I-bm-Wv ’ F∂v `c-X≥ F∂ t\mh-en¬ tImhn-e≥ Ipdn-®n-´n-

´p-≠v.

{Km-a-Po-hnX IYm-\m-S-I-̀ q-hnse ]øm-c-ßfpw ]cn-tZh-\-ßfpw

tImhn-e-I-Y-I-fpsS khn-ti-j-XbmWv. ‘]cn-hyY’ F∂ IY-

bnse Iukp-Ω-bpsS Nmb-∏o-SnI \mS≥Po-hn-X-Øns‚ ]cn-tO-

Z-amWv. ]gb \mS≥ Nmb-°-S-Iƒ s]mXp-hn⁄m-\hpw temI-

t_m-[yhpw ]I-cp∂ CS-ß-fmbn, sNØn-tØ-bv°mØ Npacpw

Agn-hm-Xn-ep-Ifpapf-f hmkvXp-cq-]-ambn \m´p-ap-°n¬ \n¬°pw.

\mS≥P-\-X-bpsS Pohn-X-N-{I-Øns‚ \n¿W-bØn\pw KXn-hn-

K-Xn-Iƒ°pw km£n-bmbn ]e Xe-ap-d-I-fpsS kv]¿i-ta‰

t^mIvtem¿ Nn”-am-Wv Nmb-°-S. Iukp-Ω-bpsS Nmb-°-Sbnen-

cp∂p sIm≠v \m´p-Im¿- sh≈-ssh-Zys‚ hr≤n-£b-ß-sf-°p-

dn®pw cmap-ssh-Zy≥ sXmgn¬c-ln-X-\mb-Xn-s\-°p-dn®pw N¿®-

472019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

bn-te¿s∏-´p. tIi-h≥ Icn-b-d-°q-\-\m-bXpw sN-In-S≥

tImXbv°v X√pIn-́ n-bXpw Imf-sX-fn-°m-c≥ IÆ\v Im¬ap´pw

Imfbpw \jvS-am-bXpw s]mXp hnj-b-am-bn. {Kma-Po-hn-X-Øns‚

XmfsØ AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ kmwkvIm-cnItI{μw F∂ \ne-

bn-em-Wv Nmb-∏o-SnI Hcp t^mIv {]Xo-I-ambn amdp∂-Xv. I≠m-

W-t»-cn-bpsS Ncn-{X-Z-i-I-fn¬ ]pjvSn-]n-Sn®p {]h¿Øn®pt]m∂

sshZy≥am-c-p-sSbpw NnIn-’m-ap-d-I-fp-sSbpw D◊bn-te-°m-Wv

]cn-hyY shfn-®-sa-Øn-°p-∂-Xv. Imf-sXfn F∂ \mS≥hnt\m-

Z-sØ°p-d-n-®p≈ kqN-\-bn-eqsS Ip´n-°m-esØ D’-h-ß-fn-

te°pw NS-ßp-Ifnte-°p-am-Wv tImhn-e-≥ FØn-t®-cp-∂-Xv.

aÆns‚ ssPh-kzXzw

aÆpw a\p-jy\pw XΩn-ep≈ {]Km-V-amb _‘sØ C{X-

tØmfw Xo{h-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p≈ thtd Fgp-Øp-Im¿

A]q¿Δ-am-Wv. ‘a\-t°m-́ -I-fn’epw ‘Hcp IjWw AkvYn-’bnepw

Cu ]mc-kv]-cy-Øns‚ hyXykvXX A\p-̀ -h-th-Zy-am-Wv. ssk\n-

I-Po-hn-X-]-›m--Ø-e-amWv a\-t°m-´-I-fp-tS-sX-¶nepw I-Y-bn-ep-

S-\ofw aÆpw `qanbpw IYm-ÿ-e-am-Ip-∂p. aÆns‚ BI¿j

Whe-b-Øn¬ a\p-jytaml-ß-f-pw e£y-ß-fpw \n¿Wbn-

°s∏Sp-∂p. kz¥w aÆnte°p Xncn®p t]mIm-\p≈ a\p-jys‚

Xzc ‘a\pjym \o aÆm-Ip∂p’ F∂ ss__nƒ Z¿i-\sØ

bmWv sXm´p \n¬°p-∂Xv. ae-bm-fn ssk\n-I-\mb Ip™n-cm-

as‚ a\- nse sISmØ I\-emWv Cu a¨Iqdv. ]ps∂√pw

ssht°mepw a-g-bn¬ IpXn-cp-tºmƒ DXn¿∂p s]mßp∂

kpK‘w B ]´m-f-°m-cs‚ Hm¿Ω-bn¬ Ft∏m-gp-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p.

]´m-f-Øns‚ Im¿°iyw t]dn \S-°p-tºmgpw lhn¬Zm¿

O∂≥knwKpw ssk\n-I-cm-b atl-{μ-knwKpw kXy-\m-cm-b-W-

\p-sams° aÆns‚ alXzw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-h-cmWv. Ip™n-cm-a-

\n¬ I≠m-W-t»-cn-bnse I¿j-Is‚ a\ p XpSn-°p-∂p. ̀ qansb

kv]¿in-°mØ BIm-i-hm-kn-I-fmb \mK-cn-I¿°v Cu aÆns‚

aWw A\y-am-Wv.

kz¥w Imap-In-bpsS Hm¿Ω-bv°m-bn Ah-fpsS Aÿn hoSn\p

ap∂n¬ Ipgn-®n´ ‘Hcp IjWw AkvYn-’bnse A—\pw A¥-

cn® ImapIn-bpsS Ipgn-am-S-Ønse sN´n-∏q°fn¬ kvt\l-

Øns‚ AS-bm-f-ß-ƒ Xnc-bp∂ ‘sN´n-∏q-°-fn’se hnP-b\pw

Ah-cpsS {]W-bm-`n-ap-JyØn¬ aÆns‚ aW-a-dn-bp-∂-h-cm-Wv.

Hcp- I-jWw Aÿn-bnse A—s‚ Hm¿Ω-Isf ]®-bm°n

\n¿Øp-∂-Xv aÆm-Wv. A—\p aÆp-am-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂ -\m-`o-\mf

_‘-sØ-bmWv Aÿn- am-‰n-°f-™XneqsS ]pXpXe-ap-d-bpsS

482019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

{]Xo-I-amb aI≥ - C√m-Xm-°n-°-f-™-Xv. ‘Rm≥ acn-®m¬

Ft∂m-sSm∏w Cu Aÿn adhp sNø-Ww. Ahƒ tN¿∂

aÆn-e-s√-¶nepw Ah-fpsS ico-c-tØmSp tN¿∂p aÆm-Im≥ CS-

h-∂t√m ’F∂mWv Nc-a-°p-dn-∏n¬ B A—≥ Fgp-Xn-h-®-Xv.

a\p-jy≥ = aÆv F∂ ImgvN∏m-Sn¬ A¥-¿eo-\-am-bn-cn-°p∂

\mtSmSn hnizmkØns‚ AS-cp-I-fm-Wv Hcp IjWw Aÿn-

bn¬ tImhn-e≥ A\m-hr-X-am-°p-∂-Xv. tImhn-e≥ Bhn-jvI-cn-

°p∂ {]Wbw tIh-e-amb Imev]-\n-Im-\p-`-h-a-√. ]hn-{X-amb

lrZ-b-_‘am-Wv. ‘ac-W-an-√mØ a\p-jy≥’ F∂ IY-bn¬

{]W-bn-\n-°mbn \\™ aÆv G‰phmßn AXns‚ D∏p-ckw

\p-W-bp∂ cma-N-{μ-\n¬ {]W-b-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ alXzw Xncn-

®-dn-bp∂ Imap-Is\ ImWmw. ‘BZy-sØ ih-°p-gn-’bn¬ BZy-

ambn aÆp Inf-bv°p∂ DÆn°v Hmtcm sh´pw kz¥w s\©n-

te¬°p∂ t]mse-bm-Wp tXm∂p-∂-Xv. X\n°p th≠n Bsc-

¶nepw Hcn-°¬ Ipgn-sh-´p-sa∂pw DÆn Nn¥n-°p-∂p. Ipgn-bn-

te°v F-Sp-Øn-Sp∂ Hcp]nSn- a-Æn¬ acn®pt]mb _me\v ̀ uXn-

I-tem-I-hp-am-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ _‘-Øns‚ Ah-km\kv]¿i-

ap≠v. Be-`m-c-tØmsS \S-Øp∂ kwkvIm-chpw A\m-Ys‚

kwkvIm-chpw Htc kXy-Øn-te°p Xs∂ hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂p;

a\p-jy≥ aÆn-te°p Xs∂ H∂p-an-√m-Øh-\mbn aSßpw F∂

BXy-¥nIkXy-Øn-te-°v. aÆn-s\°pdn®p≈ hnizm-k-Øn\v

ss\Xn-I-X-bp-sSbpw bmYm¿∞y-t_m-[-Øn-s‚bpw Xew Is≠-

Øp∂ tImhn-e≥ a\pjymkvXn-Xz-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Kl-\-k-aky-

Iƒ°v DØcw Is≠-Øm≥ IqSn-bmWv {ian-°p-∂-Xv. aÆn¬

]Wn-sb-Sp-°p∂ I¿j-I-cpsS Pohn-X-sØ-∏‰n Gsd FgpXn-bn-

´p≈ tImhn-e≥ tIhew Hcp sXmgn¬ F∂ \ne-bv°-√

Irjnsb ImWp-∂-Xv. AXv Hcp kwkvIm-c-am-sW∂v Cu Fgp-

Øp-Im-c≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. ]e-hn[w sXmgn-ep-I-fn¬ G¿s∏-

Sp∂ Iq´m-bva-bpsS sshhn[yw tImhn-es‚ cN-\m-tem-IØp

ImWmw. {Kmao-W-cmb sXmgn¬ kaq-l-ß-fpsS Ac-£n-Xm-h-

ÿbpw I¿Ω-Nn-”-ßfpw tImhn-e≥I-Y-I-fn¬ IrXy-ambn

Bte-J\w sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p≠v. ]d-ºn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂ sXßp-I-

fn¬ \n∂p-≈-hcp-am\w \n-e-®-tXmsS ho´p-th-ebv°p t]mbn

aIs\ ]Tn-∏n-t°-≠n h∂ AΩbm-Wv ‘hnZym¿∞n-bp-sS- AΩ’.aIs\ tUmIvS-dm-°m≥ AΩ B{Kln-®p-sh-¶nepw ]cm-[o-\-X-

-aqew Ign-bp-∂n-√. aI\pw HSp-hn¬ ]mSØp ]Wn°p t]mtI≠n

h∂p. ‘Rm≥ t]mØmbn ]nd∂p. \pIw sIm≈m≥ F¥n\p

aSn-°Ww’F∂-mWv B aI≥ AΩ-tbmSp tNmZn-°p-∂-Xv.

]cnhyY-bnse sNØp-Im-c≥ tKm-]m-es\ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-

492019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

∂nSØv tImhn-e-≥ Cßs\ Fgp-Xp-∂p. "ssIIm-ep-I-fnepw

s\©nepw aqW-bnepw Xg-ºp≈ Htc-sbmcp arKw sNØp-Imc≥

am{Xw.'

sNØv D]-Po-h-\hpw A\p-jvTm-\-hp--am-bn-cp∂ I≠m-W-t»-

cn-bnse ]uc\v B sXmgn-ens‚ AIw ]pd-߃ apgp-h≥ Adn-

bm-\m-hpw. B \m -́dn-hns‚ Bhn-jvIm-c-am-Wv CØcw ]cm-a¿i-

߃. AtX-k-abw, C∂p ]q´p∂ sajo≥ h∂p, \msf saXn-

°p∂ sajo-s\Øpw. ]ns∂ Rmdp \Sm\pw sImøm\pw sajo-

\n-d-ßpw. sXmgn-se√mw sajo-\n-em-hp-tºmƒ a\p-jy\p a\p-jy-

s\-¥n\p thWw, CW - tN-cmt\m sIm∂p Xn∂mt\m?’ F∂

{]h-N-\-am-\-ap≈ tNmZy-Øn-eqsS Im¿jn-I-cw-KØv \S-∏m-Ip∂

b{¥-h¬°-cWØns‚ A]-ISw tImhn-e≥ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-

°p∂p. I¿j-Is\ t{Zmln-°p∂ GXp-Xcw ]cn-jvIm-c-sØbpw

I≠mW-t»cn°m-c-\mb Cu I¿j-I≥ FXn¿Øn-cp-∂p. -

hni∏v F∂ kmaq-lnIm\p-`hw

hni-∏ns‚ IYm-Im-c≥ F∂v Adnb-s∏-Sp-∂Xv A¥- mbn

Icp-Xnb Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\m-Wv tImhn-e≥. hni∏v tImhn-e≥ IY-

I-fn¬ Hcp ka-jvssSy-\p-`-h-am-Wv. temI-a-lm-bp-≤-߃ ]S¿

Ønb hdp-XnbpsS A¥-co£w {KmaPohn-X-Øn¬ t\cn v́ I≠-

dn-bm≥ tImhn-e\p km[n-®p. A∂-Øn\p hgn-tX-Sn-bp≈ Ae-

®n-en-\n-S-bnepw ssk\n-I-Iym-ºp-I-fnse I¿Ø-hy-\n-c-X-amb

Pohn-X-Øn-\n-Sbnepw hni-∏ns‚ -hne-£W -apJ-̀ m-h-ß-ƒ tImhn-

e≥ t\cn-´-dn-™p. tImhn-es‚ ]©-Kp-cp-°≥am-cn¬ Hcm-fmb

sNdp-ImSv hnh-cn®p sImSpØ D◊bp‰ Hcp Pohn-X-Nn-{X-hpw

At±-l-Øns‚ IrXn-I-fn¬ hni∏v Hcp s]mXp-hn-Im-c-ambn

IS∂p hcm-\p≈ {][m\ t{]c-Wbmbn. ]mh-d´n hf-hn-eqsS

\S∂p t]mhp-I-bm-bn-cp∂ sNdp-Im-Sns\ XS-™p-\n¿Øn-

s°m≠v Hcp kv{Xo, ‘F\n°v Hcp ap°m¬ Xcq F∂n v́ Fs∂

F¥p thW-sa-¶nepw sNbvXp sIm≈q’F∂p ]d™Xv hni-

∏ns‚ G‰hpw Zb-\o-b-amb A\p-`-h-ambn tImhn-e\v t_m[y-

s∏´p. XpS¿∂v At±lw Np‰n-epw I≠ ]e ImgvN-Ifpw hni-

∏ns‚ tX¿hm-gvN-bpsS Nn{X-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp P\-k-aq-l-

Øns‚ ]cn-tO-Z-amb Bfp-Iƒ ]¶n-Sp∂ \n¿Wm-b-I Poh¬

{]iv\-amb hni∏v tImhn-es‚ Fgp-Øn¬ kp{]-[m-\-L-S-I-

ambn amdn. s]mXp hnj-b-am-bXp sIm≠p Xs∂ hni∏v Hcp

t^mIvtem¿ A\p-`hambn tImhn-es‚ FgpØn¬ \nd-™p.

]mc-º-cy-Øn-s‚bpw c‡-_-‘-Øn-s‚bpw GI Ahtijn

∏mb \ne-hn-f°v hn¬°m≥ Xøm-dm-Ip∂ \oen-bp--Ω-bpw (\ne-

502019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

hn-f-°v) ¢m n-\p-≈n¬ D®-a-Wn-b-Sn-®m¬ e`n-°m-\n-S-bp≈ D∏p-

am-hns\ {]Xo-£n-®n-cn-°p∂ _mPn F∂ Ip´n-bpw(d) hni∏ns‚

Bƒcq-]-ß-fmWv. hni∏pw Zmcn-{Zyhpw Xo£vW-amb A\p-`-h-

am-Ip∂ IY-bm-Wv ‘Hcp hnZym¿Yn-bpsS AΩ.’ aIs‚ B{K-l-

Øn-s\mØv Ahs\ tUmIvS-dm-°m≥ ]mSps]Sp∂ AΩbv°v

HSp-hn¬ ac-W-Øn\v Iog-S-tß≠n h∂p. Hcp t\cw hni-∏-S-

°m-\p≈ hgn-bn-√m-Ø-h\v kz]v\w ImWm≥ t]mepw Bhn-

s√∂ Imcp-Wy-an-√mØ kXyw Cu IY A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

‘]pXnb Ihn-X’-bnse kl-tZ-hs‚ Ifn°q-́ p-Im-cn-bmb Pm\Ω

hni∏p sIm≠v ASpØ ]d-ºnse sIm≈n-°n-gßp am¥n.

Ahsf ‘]≠m-c-°≈n’ F∂p hnfn®p ]cn-l-kn® kl--tZ-h

\mIs´ ]n∂oSv them-bp-[≥ tNm∏s‚ ]d-ºnse πmhn¬ \n∂v

hcn-°-®° tamjvSn-®p. F√m {]Xy-b-im-kv{X-ß-sfbpw \njv{]-

`-am-°p∂ hni-∏ns‚ kwlm-cm-fl-I-i-‡nbmWv CØcw IY-

I-fn-sems° tImhn-e≥ kphy-‡-am-°p-∂-Xv. sNdn-sbmcp

shfn®w Ipsd \ng-epIƒ, Hm¿Ω-Iƒ, ]mbkw XpS-ßnb IY-

I-fnepw hni-∏v F∂ ssPhn-I-k-aky AS-bm-f-s∏´p InS-°p∂p.

tImhn-e≥ IY-I-fnse ]´m-f-°m¿ ]ecpw ssk\nI Xmh-f-

Øn¬ FØn-t®-cp-∂XpXs∂ i{Xp-ssk-\n-Isc FXn-cn-Sms\-

∂-Xn-s\--°mƒ ]´n-Wn-tbmSp s]mcp-Xp-∂-Xn\p th≠n-bm-Wv.

kv{XoZp-cn-X-Øns‚ t\¿°mgvNIƒ

ae-bm-f-Ønse G‰hpw anI® kv{Xo]-£-c-N-\-I-fn-sem-∂mWv

tImhn-es‚ ‘th≠mw-I-Sn.’ {]Jym-]nX s^an-\nÃv Bi-b-ßfpw

kv{Xoap-t∂-‰ßfpw tIc-fo-bm-¥-co-£Øn¬ kPo-h-am-Ip-∂-

Xn\pw F{Xtbm h¿jw apºm-Wv s]Æm-bn-∏n-d-∂m¬ h∂p IqSm-

hp∂ Zpc-¥m-\p-`-h-ßsf ap≥\n¿Øn tImhn-e≥ th≠mw-I-Sn-

bpsS IY-sbgp-Xn-b-Xv. ]cn-an-X-amb Pohn-X-km-l-N-cy-ß-fp≈

Hcp ho´nse apØ-—≥, A—≥, AΩ, Bdv -s]-¨-Ip™p߃

F∂n-hsc tI{μo-I-cn-®m-Wv Cu IY ]p-tcm-K-an-°p-∂-Xv. \c®

s\©n≥tcma-߃ XShn Itk-c-bn-en-cn-°p∂ apØ-—≥ ]mc-

º-cy-Øns‚ am{X-a-√, kvt\l-hm-’eyß-fp-sSbpw {]-Xo-I-amWv.

A—-\m-Is´ Xncn-h® H∂ns\ s]dmØ `mcy-tbmSv ITn-\-amb

tZjyw t]dn-\-S-°p∂ ]pcp-j-\pw. Hmtcm k¥m\-Øns‚bpw

]ndhn°p tijhpw Xncn-h® H∂v˛B¨Ip™v˛]nd-°p-sa∂v

A—-\p-a-Ωbpw tamln-°p-∂p. ]t£, Bdm-aXpw ]nd-∂Xv s]¨

Ip™p Xs∂. X\n \mS≥t]cp-sIm≠mWv \m´p-Im¿ B

Ip´nsb Xncn-®-dn-™-Xv. tImhn-e-\n-eqsS ae-bmf kmln-Xy-

Øn-te°p I-S∂ph∂ Hcp hm°m-Ip∂p ‘th≠m-wISn.’ Akpc-

512019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

hnØv F∂ hm°v Fw.-Sn-bpsS t\mh-en-eqsS {]Nmcw t\Sn-

bXpt]mse B¿°pwth≠msX ]nd-∂-h-ƒ F∂ A¿∞-ap≈

]Z-ambn th≠mw-ISn amdn. im¥Ω F∂ t]cv \n»-_vZ-am°n

h®p sIm≠m-Wv apØ-—≥ t]cphnfn-°¬ NS-ßn\v th≠mw-

ISn F∂p hnfn-®-Xv. B s]¨Ip-́ n-bpsS AXnZmcpW-amb Pohn-

Xm-\p-`-h-߃ `mj-bpsS kIe Xo-{h-Xbpw D]-tbm-Kn®p

sIm≠mWv tImhn-e≥ BJym\w sN-øp-∂-Xv. kz¥w ]nXm-

hns‚ XpS¿]o-U\-Øn-\n-c-bmbn Xhf-°q-dn´v InS-°-∏m-b-bn¬

\n›-e-bmbn InS-°p∂ th≠mw-I-Sn-bpsS Nn{Xw hmb-\-°msc

BsI Akz-ÿ-cm°pw. AX-dn-™p Xs∂-bmWv ‘Cu IY

ChnsS Ah-km-\n-°p-I-b√’ F∂v tImhn-e≥ Ah-km\-hm-N-

I-sa-gpXn \n¿Øn-b-Xv. X\n \mtSm-Sn-bmb A¥-co-£-Øn¬

\n∂p-sIm-≠v ]d™XpsIm≠p Xs∂ Cu IY-bnse Zpc-¥m-

\p-`-h-Øn\v lrZ-b-{Z-ho-I-c-W-tijn IqSp-X-em-Wv. Pm∏m-\okvv

]´m-f-°m-cpsS \riw-kX sIm≠v PohnXw hgn-ap-´n-t∏mb Hc-—-

s\bpw aI-sfbpw ‘Hm¿Ω-Iƒ’F∂ IY-bn¬ ImWmw. ae-bmfn-

bmb Hcp ]´m-f-°m-cs‚ Bfl-I-Ym-Jym-\-am-bm-Wv ao\-bpsS

IY sh-fn-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ao\-bpsS AΩ ]´m-f-°m-cpsS Cc-bmb

Xns\-Øp-S¿∂v Bfl-l-Xy-sN-bvXp. A—-\m-Is´ c≠p hb-dp-

I-ƒ t]m‰m≥ hgn-Im-WmsX Dg-ep-∂p. DSp-Xp-Wn-bn-√m-Ø-Xn-

\m¬ ao\bv°v IpSn-en¬ \n∂p ]pd-Øn-dßm-\m-Ip-∂n-√. ]´m-f-

°m-c≥ Abm-fpsS DSp∏pw ]m‚pw Ahƒ°p \¬In. kpμ-cn-

bmb Ah-fpsS ico-c-`m-K-߃ Xs‚ hkv{X-ß-fn¬ kv]¿in-

°p-∂Xn-s\-∏‰n Abm-ƒ sX√nS Btem-Nn-®p. F∂m¬

tImhne≥ Abmsf cXn-`m-h-Øns‚ Hm¿Ω-bn¬ \n∂v am\w

Im°p∂ Bß-f-bpsS ÿm\-tØ°v s]s´∂v ]nSn-®p-b¿Øn.

kv{Xosb Hcn-°epw Ima-cq-]n-Wn-bmbn ImWmØ Fgp-Øp-Im-

cs‚ Icp-Øm-Wv Cu IY-bn¬- DS-\ofw hym]n®p InS-°p-∂-Xv.

BJym-\-h-gn-I-fnse \mtSm-SnØw

t^mIvtem¿ ]T-\-Ønse kp{]-[m-\-amb Hcp kao-]\ taJ-

e-bmWv \mtSm-Sn-°-Y-I-sf-°p-dn-®p-≈ At\z-j-Ww. tImhn-es‚

cN-\-I-fn¬ s]mXpth \mtSmSn°Y-I-tfm-Sp-≈ B`n-apJyhpw

B[-a¿Wyhpw ImWmw. `qan-bn¬ ]Ww Ip-gn-®n´v Imip-a-c-am-

Im≥ ImØp \n¬°p∂ Ip´n tImhn-es‚ ]e IY-I-fn-ep-ap≠vv.

‘bm{X’ F∂ IY CXn\v ZrjvSm-¥-am-Wv. Hcp IjWw Aÿn-

bnse Aÿn Hm¿Ω-bpsS \mW-bam-Wv. AXv \jvS-am-Ip-∂-

tXmsS A—\v At±-lØns‚ AkvXnXzw Xs∂ \jvSam-hp-I-

bm-Wv. Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂ Pohmivaß-fn¬ (Fossils) \n∂v a\pjy-

522019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

N-cn-{X-Øns‚ D◊-I-sfbpw \∑-I-sfbpw tXm‰n-sb-Sp-°m-\p≈

Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ ZuXy-amWv CØcw cN-\-I--fn¬ sXfnbp-∂Xv.

apØ-»n-°-Y-I-fpsS BJym-\-co-Xnbpw \mS≥]m-´ns‚ Xc-f-

ku-Ip-am-cyhpw tImhn-e≥I-Y-I-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-bm-Wv. hyh-

ÿm-]n-X-amb BJym-\-h-gn-Isf A´n-a-dn®p sIm≠mWv CØ-

c-samcp IY-]-d-®n¬ hg°w tImhn-e≥ km-[n-s®Sp-ØXvv. ‘tXm‰-

߃’ Fgp-Xn-bXv ]mSn-s°m-≠msW∂v At±lw ]d-™n-́ p≠v.

iIp\w, aI≥, kpPmX XpS-ßnb IY-I-fpw CØcw ]mSn-sb-

gp-Øn-s‚ A\p-`-h-ap-W-¿Øp∂p. kpPm-X- F∂ IY Bcw-`n-

°p-∂Xv sIm°pw acw-sIm-Ønbpw Xh-fbpw sImXpIpw tN¿∂v

Iq´p I®-hSw \S-Ønb IY ]d™p sIm≠mWv. sXm´p

]n∂mte kpPm-X-bpsS IY hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv Cßs\bpw: ‘kpPm-

Xbv°v A—-\n-√. A—-\p≠mbn-cp-∂p. Ahƒ°v Hm¿Ω hbv°p-

tºmƒ A—≥ acn®p t]mbn’ -Cu XpS-°-Øn\v Hcp apØ-»n-

°Y-bpsS kz-`m-h-ap-≠v. H∏w kpPm-X-bpsS Pohn-X-km-l-Ncyw

bmsXmcp kwi-b-Øn\pw CS-h-cm-Ø-hn[w Dd-∏ns®-Sp-°p-I-

bpamWv. kpPm-Xbv°v A—-\n√ F∂p am{Xw ]d-™m¬ Imcy-

Im-cW _‘w ]q¿Øn-bm-In-√. Hcn-SØv Hcp cmPm-hp-≠m-bn-

cp∂p. cm-Pm-hn\p a{¥n-b-pap-≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂v hni-Zmw-i-߃

\¬In IY ]d-bpw-t]mse tImhn-e≥ IY ]d-™pt]mIp-∂p.

AYhm sN-dp-I-Ysb Fgp-Øns‚ F∂-Xn-s\-°mtfsd ]d-®n-

ens‚ Iebm-°p-∂p. tXm‰w]m´p tI´pw ]mh-°qØv I≠pw

hf¿-∂ Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\v Cß-s\-sbmcp IY-]-d-®n¬ kwkvImcw

kzmb-Ø-am-bXv XnI®pw kzm`m-hn-Iw. ‘Rm≥ sXm´, Fs∂-

sØm´ kI-e-tcbpw Rm≥ sIm√pw’ F∂ kpPmX-bpsS AΩ

\mWn-bpsS {]Jym-]-\-Øn\v Hcp Dd-™p-Xp≈ent\mSv (trans)kmZr-iy-ap-≠v. ]pcp-j-hn-tZzjØns‚ {]I-S\w F∂-Xn-ep]cn

Ah¿ A\p-`-hn® kl-\-Øn-s‚ {]Jym-]\w Iq-Sn-bm-Wn-Xv.

kpPm-X-bpsS IYsb ]gb \mS≥ P¥p-I-Y-bp-ambn Iq´n-tbmPn-

∏n-°p∂n-S-ØmWv ssIb-S-°-ap≈ IYm-Im-c-\mbn tImhn-e≥

amd-p-∂-Xv.

a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ KXn-hn-K-Xn-Isf \n¿W-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬

Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ \ne-hn-ep-≈- hnizm-k-ß-ƒ°pw BNm-c-߃-°p-

sams° kp{]-[m-\-amb ]¶m-Wp≈-Xv. {Kmao-W-a-\p-jys‚ Pohn-

X-I-Y-Iƒ ]d™ tImhn-e\v AØcw \m´p-hg-°-ßsf AhK-

Wn-°m-\m-bn-√. ac-W-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Nne hnizm-k-ßfpw

\n›-b-ßfpw Hcp IjWw Aÿn-, BZy-sØ- i-h-°p-gn-, iIp\w

F∂o IY-Ifn¬ ImWmw. acn®p t]mb-hsc sXt°-]p-d-ØmWv

adhp sNtø-≠sX∂ hnizm-k-sØ-°p-dn®v Hcp IjWw Aÿn-

532019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

bn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p-≠vv. ac-W-Øns‚ Zni-bm-Wv sX°v. ]tc-

Xs\ sXt°m´p InS-Øp-∂Xpw sX°p hiØp ih-°pgn

IpØp-∂-Xp-sams° Cu hnizmk-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Wv.

acn-°pI F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ ‘sXt°ms´-Sp--°pI’ Fs∂mcp

ssien-t]mepw {]Nm-c-Øn-ep-≠v.- BZysØ ih-°p-gn-bnse

AΩ DÆnsb acWw ImWm≥ Hcn-SØpw Ab-°m-dn√. aI\v

ItÆdpw \mthdpw G‰mtem F∂v B AΩ ̀ b-°p-∂p. AYhm

]pd-sØ-ßm≥ t]mbm¬Øs∂ ZrjvSn-tZm-jhpw \mhp-tZm-

jhpw amdm≥ the-∏≥ tNm∏-s\-s°m≠v P]n-®q-Xn-°pw. {Kmao-

W-cpsS CS-bn¬ {]Nm-c-Øn-ep≈ - c≠p {]N-enX t^mIvtem-

dp-I-fmWv (lively folklore) ItÆdpw \mthdpw. km[m-cWbmbn

Im¿jn-tIm-ev]-∂-ß-fpsS ta¬ tZmj^ew hcm-Xn-cn-°m-\mWv

Chbv°v {]Xn-{Inb \S-Øp-∂-Xv. `wKnbpw {]k-cn-∏p-ap≈

Ip™pß-sf ImWp-tºmgpff A\y-a-\p-jy-cpsS Akq-bm-\n¿ -̀

chpw ]tcm-£-hp-amb t\m´hpw Icn-\m°p sIm≠p-≈ {]kvXm-

h-\-Ifpw Ah¿°v A]-ISw hcp-Øn-tb°mw F∂p c£n-Xm-

°ƒ `b-°p-∂p. AØcw AXn-{I-a-߃°p-≈ ]cn-lm-camWv

Cu P]n-®q-Xn-°¬. the∏≥ tNm∏≥ Hcp a{¥-hm-Zn-b-s√-¶nepw

tZmj-]-cn-lm-c-{In-b-Iƒ \S-Øm≥ tZi-hm-kn-Iƒ Abmsf kao-

]n-°p-∂p. \m´p-hn-izm-k-{]-Imcw Nne khntij kap-Zm-b-

°m¿°v CØcw I¿Ω-ß-ƒ \S-Øm-\p≈ tbmKyXbpw A\p-

hm-Zhpw kaqlw Iev]n®p \¬In-bncn-°p∂p.

ac-W-ho-´nse cmam-bWw hmb\ C∂pw \ne-hn-ep≈

A\pjvTm-\-am-Wv. ]tc-Xm-flm-hn-s‚ tam£-{]m--]vXn°v cmam-b-

W-hm-b\ A\n-hm-cy-am-sW-∂mWv hnizm-kw. BZysØ i-h

°pgn-bn¬ A∏p AΩm-hs‚ cmam-bWw hmb-\-sb-°p-dn®p ]cm-

a¿i-ap-≠v. ac-W-ho-Sp-I-fn¬ ]Xn-hmbn cmam-bWw hmbn®p h∂

AΩm-h≥ ac-W-s∏-´m¬ C\n Bcp cmam-bWw hmbn-°p-sa-

∂m-Wv DÆn-bpsS kwi-bw. iIp-\-Ønse ]nXmhv aIs‚ tcmKm-

h-ÿ-sb-°p-dn-®p-≈ AS-ßmØ Bi¶-bp-am-bmWv _ n¬

bm{X-sN-øp-∂-Xv. Abmƒ D]m-k-\m-aq¿Ønsb t]cp-hn-fn®p

{]m¿∞n®pw Iøn-ep-≈ ]Ww A[n-I-I-cp-X-temsS kpc-£n-X-

am-°n-bp-amWv Bip-]-{Xn-bn-te°p t]mIp-∂-Xv. tdmUn¬,

Nph∂ Npcn-Zm-d-Wn™ bphXn _ n-Sn®p acn-®-Xv Hcp aplq¿

Ø-Øns‚ BI-kvan-I-X-bn¬ Abmƒ ImW-p-∂p. B ImgvN

Abm-fn¬ {]Xo-£-bpsS shfn®w ]I-¿∂p. Bip-]-{Xn-bnte-

°p≈ bm{Xm-at[y tNmcbpw PUhpw ImWm-\n-S-bm-bXv Hcp

\√ iIp-\-am-sW∂vv Abm-ƒ Dd-∏n-°p-∂p. aIs‚ Hm∏-td-j-≥

]cm-P-b-am-Iptam F∂ Zpc¥Zp-»¶ Cu ip`iIp\tØmsS Zqcn-

542019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

I-cn-°-s∏-´p. Cu Zpc-¥-IY iIp-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p-≈ Hcp \m´p-hn-

izm-k-Øn-s‚ Aÿn-hm-c-Øn-emWv tImhn--e≥ ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øn-

b-Xv. IYm-io¿jIw t]mepw t^mIvtem¿ kv]¿iw sIm≠v

{it≤-b-am-Ip-∂p. kμ¿-̀ m-\p-k-cWw \mS≥ssi-en-Ifpw sNm√p-

Ifpw \m´p-hm-°p-Ifpw Ie¿Øn-bm-Wv tImhn-e≥ I-Y-]d-bp-

∂Xv. kw`m-j-W-߃-°n-S-bn¬ sNm√p-Ifpw sien-Ifpw tN¿°p-

∂Xv {Kmao-W-P-\-X-bpsS kz`m-h-am-Wv. samgn sX‰n \S-∂m¬

hgn-sX‰pw (kp-Pm-X), tImcs‚ I™n Ipºn-fn¬(-]-cn-hy-Y),-

B-dmw-Imepw s]Æv (th-≠mw-I-Sn), Iq\n≥ta¬ Ipcp(Hcp

hnZym¿∞n-bpsS AΩ), Cfpºpw ]gp-Xp-a-S-bv°pI (a-\-t°m-´-

Iƒ), Bcm‚-Ωbv°p {]m¥p-s≠-¶n-°m-Wm≥ \s√mcp tNep

t≠ (a-I≥) XpSßn At\Iw \mS≥ sNm√p-Ifpw ssieo-hnti-

j-ßfpw tImhn-e≥ IY-I-fn-ep-≠v. Fcn-s]m-cn-k-©mcw F∂

hS-°≥]m-´p-ssien iIp-\-Øn¬ IS∂ph∂-Xns‚ {][m\

ImcWw hS°≥]m´p ]mc-º-cy-hp-am-bp-≈ Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ ZrV-

amb _‘-am-Wv. IYm-Jym-\-Øn-e-S°w hS-°≥]m-´p-ssien

kzmw-io-I-cn® Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\mWv tImhn-e≥. IS-¶-Y-bpsS

ssien-bn-ep-≈ BJym-\hpw tImhn-e≥ ]co-£n®p t\m°n-

bn-́ p-≠v. A—-s\mcp kpap-J≥, AΩ kpμ-cn, aItfm Ah-sfmcp

X¶-°pSw F∂p ]d-™p sIm≠mcw-̀ n-°p∂ sN´n-∏q-°ƒ A\-

¥cw A—≥ hnP-b≥, AΩ cm[, aI-ƒ°v t]scm-∂p-an√mØ

Iq´-Øn-em-Wv F∂p ]d-™psIm≠v IY-bpsS hni-Zmw-i-ß-fn-

te°p IS∂pt]mIp-∂p. \m´psamgn-I-f-psS hn\n-tbmKw tImhn-

e≥ IY-Iƒ°v khn-ti-j-amb kuμ-cym-\p-`hw ]I¿∂p

\¬Ip∂p. sas√ F∂ A¿∞Øn¬ saZpsh F∂ hm°p

]tbm-Kn-°p∂ coXn t\mh-en-se-∂-t]mse I-Y-bnepw Im-Wp∂p

(]cn-hy-Y). hm‰p-Nm-cm-b-Øn\v {]mtZ-in-I-k-aq-l-߃ Nne

clky-\m-a-ß-ƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°mdp≠v. AΩnWn F∂ IY-bnse

AΩn-Wn hm‰pNm-cm-b-amWv. aq∂mwIq°n-Sp-I, F°pws]m°pw,

Im°ncn ]q°ncn, h´n-°p-‰w, \iqew XpSßn \mS≥P-\-X-bpsS

hylm-c-Øns‚ `mK-am-bp≈ Ht´sd ]Z-ß-ƒ tImhn-e≥ IY-

Ifn¬ kpe-`-amWv.

D]-cn-π-h-hm-b-\-Ifpw DW-°-im-kv{Xn-Xzhpw ImWmsX

t]mb ]cp-j-amb Pohn-X-k-Xy-ßfpw tZi-ap-{Z-IfpamWv tImhn-

e≥IY-Isf hyXn-cn-‡-am-°p-∂-Xv. ]q¿Δn-I-kw-kvIm-c-Øns‚

thcp-Iƒ NnI™pw ka-Im-en-I-Pohn-X-Zp-c-¥-ßsf sXm´-

dn™pw tZi-Ø-\n-a-Isf km`n-am\w Bte-J\w sNbvXpw apt∂-

dp∂ tImhn-es‚ IYm-{]-]-©-ØneqsS k©-cn-°p-∂ hmb-\-

°m-c≥ A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ \mtSm-SnØw sIm≠v kº-∂-amb

Hcp kwkvIm-csØ kv]¿in-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂Xv.

552019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

kmlnXywF-ß-s\bpwhm-bn-°m-tam?{]n-bm-h¿-Kokv

kmlnXyw ̨ Literature ̨ F-∂ ]-Z-Øn-\v "F-gp-X-s∏-́ F¥pw'

F-∂ A¿-∞-ap-s≠-¶nepw kw-kv-Ir-X-Øn¬ "km-ln-Xyw' F-∂

hm-°n-s‚ aq-ei-–w "k-lnXw' BWv. kw-kv-Ir-X-\n-L-≠phn¬

km-lnXyw F-∂ hm-°n-\v "H-cp X-cw Im-hyw' F-∂v C∂v \mw a-

\- n-em-°p-∂ A¿-∞w \¬-In-bn-´p-s≠-¶nepw A-Xn-\p ap-t∂

tN¿-Øn-cn-°p-∂ A¿-∞I-ev-]\-Iƒ Ip-td-°q-Sn {i-≤m¿-l-am-Wv.

H-∂n-®p-tNc¬, ]-c-kv-]-cm-t]-£-bp-≈-hbpw Xp-ey-cq-]-ß-fm-b-h-

bpam-b A-t\-I-[¿Ω-߃ H-tc co-Xnbn¬ A-\z-bn-°¬, A-t\Iw

t]¿ Xp-ey-\n-ebn¬ H-tc I¿-ΩØn¬ tN-c¬ F-∂o A¿-∞-ß-

fm-Wh. F-gp-tØm-ebn¬ F-gp-Xn kq-£n-®n-cp-∂ cm-amb-Ww

hmbn-®n-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bp-≈ `m-hp-I-Xz-tØm-sS B-bncp-∂n√-

]-sØm≥-]Xmw \q-‰m≠n¬ k¿-Δ-I-em-im-em kn-e-_- n-s‚ ̀ mK-

am-bn h-∂-t∏mƒ cm-amb-Ww hm-bn-°-s∏-´-Xv. sX‰m-b hm-b-

\m\p-io-e-\-ß-fm-Wv ]-e-t∏mgpw Ip-cn-ip-bp-≤-ßfpw cm-a-P∑- `qan

I-em-]-ßfpw kr-„n-°p-∂-Xv.

a-ebm-f {K-Ÿ-kq-Nn \¬-Ip-∂ I-W-°p-Iƒ {]-Im-cw ]-sØm≥-

]Xmw \q-‰m-≠n-s‚ A-hkm-\ Z-i-I-ß-fn¬ (1881˛1890) km-ln-

Xy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ sam-Øw {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-´ Ir-Xn-I-fn¬ 40 i-X-

am-\w am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ C-cp-]Xmw \q-‰m-≠n-s‚ A-h-

km-\-Z-i-I-ß-fn-¬ (1801˛1990) C-Xv 58 i-X-am-\w B-bn h¿-≤n-

°p-∂p-≠v. Cu I-W-°p-Iƒ D-≤-cn-®v tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ B-[p-\n-Io-

Ic-Ww \S-∂p F-∂p \mw ]-d-bp-∂ Im-e-L-´Øn¬ km-ln-

tXyXcw F-∂ hn-̀ m-K-Øn¬-s]-́ Ir-Xn-I-sf°mƒ Iq-Sp-X¬ ae-

bm-fn-bp-sS km¿-Δ-{Xn-I hm-b-\-bv-°v hn-t[-b-am-b-Xv "km-ln-Xyw'

F-∂p hn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-´ Ir-Xn-I-fp-sS hm-b-\-bm-Wv. hn-Zym-`ym-

562019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

k-cw-KØpw km-ln-Xy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ-°v \¬-tI-≠p-∂ {]m-[m-\yw

F{X-tØm-f-am-bn-cn°-Ww F-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v A-°m-e-sØ

_p≤n-Po-hn-I-fp-sS C-S-bn¬- hen-b hm-Z-{]-Xn-hm-Z-߃ \-S-∂-

Xm-bn sI.B¿. Ir-jv-W-∏n-≈-bp-sS-bpw (Ir-jv-W-∏n-≈ sI.B¿.

1954:103) C.Fw.F- n-s‚bpw a‰pw te-J\-߃ ]-cn-tim-[n®m¬

hy-‡-am-hpw. km-ln-Xy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ-°v {]m-[m\yw \¬-I-W-sa-∂

A-̀ n-{]m-b-tØm-Sv C.Fw.F- n-\v tbm-Pn-∏n√m-bn-cp-∂p. A-t±lw

C-ßn-s\ F-gp-Xp-∂p-≠v. ""I-hn-I-fpw, \m-S-I-I¿-Øm-°fpw t\mh-

se-gp-Øp-Imcpw {K-Ÿ-hn-a¿-i-Icpw ssh-bm-I-c-W-∑mcpw h-f¿∂-

Xp-sIm-≠v {_n-´o-jv `-c-W-Øn-\v bm-sXm-cp tIm-´-hp-an√. A-Xp-

sIm-≠m-Wv km-ln-Xy-Øn\pw I-e-I-ƒ°pw am{Xw {]m-[m\yw

\¬-Ip-∂ s]m-Xp-hn-Zym-̀ ym-k-co-Xn-tb¿-s∏-Sp-Øn km-t¶-Xn-Ihpw

im-kv-{Xo-b-hpam-b hn-Zym-̀ ym-k-sØ X-Sbm≥ {_n-́ o-jpIm¿ {ian-

®-Xv.'' (C.Fw.F-kv: 2009:234)

C-∂v hn-Zym-`ym-k-cwK-Øv ta¬-ss° e-`n-°p∂-Xv `m-jm˛am-

\hn-I hn-j-b-ß-sf°mƒ im-kv-{X-hn-j-b-߃-°m-Wv. F∂m¬

C-hn-sS ]Tn® F-©n-\o-b¿-amcpw km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Z-Kv-≤-∑mcpw

km{am-Py-Xz-i-‡n-Iƒ°pw tIm¿-∏-td-‰v `o-a-∑m¿°pwth-≠n

A≤zm-\n-°p-∂Xpw k-a-Imen-I bm-Ym¿-∞y-am-Wv. km-ln-Xy-

Øns‚ hn-]-co-X-]-Z-am-bn C-∂mcpw im-kv-{X-sØ ]-cn-K-Wn-°p-

sa∂pw tXm-∂p-∂n√.

hm-b-\m-¥w Po-hn-Xw

A-°m-Z-an-Iv ⁄m-\-hnj-bw F-∂ \n-ebn¬ km-lnXyw

]Tn®-hcpw km-ln-Xym-cm-[-Icpw km-ln-Xym-kzm-Z-I-cp-sam-s°-

bm-bn h-en-sbm-cp hn-̀ m-Kw hm-b-\°m¿ C∂pw a-e-bm-f-Øn-ep≠v.

kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-I-fp-sS hn-]-Wnbpw C-hn-sS em-`-I-c-am-bn {]-h¿-

Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. F∂m¬ Cu hm-b-\m-k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ kmw-kvIm

cnI Po-hn-X-sØ hn-a¿-i-\m-fl-I-am-bn hn-i-Ie-\w sN-bvXm¬

tI-cfo-b k-aq-l-sØ H-cp en_-d¬ ap-X-em-fn-Ø ]u-c-k-aq-l-

am-bn D-d-∏n-®p \n¿-Øm-\√m-sX Cu hm-b-\ a-s‰-¥n-s\-¶nepw

D-]-I-cnt®m F-∂p kw-i-bn-t°-≠-Xm-bn h-cpw. Cu H-cp kwibw

i‡-am-bn D-∂-bn-°p-∂ I-Y-bm-bn-cp-∂p Fkv. l-co-jn-s‚

"A∏≥.' (l-co-jv F-kv. 2014: 8˛21)

]-sØm-ºXpw C-cp-]Xpw \q-‰m-≠p-I-fn-em-bn C-hn-sS h-f¿-∂p-

h-∂ km-ln-Xym-`n-cp-Nn F-gp-Øn-s\bpw hm-b-\-sbbpw hy-‡n-

bp-sS ]-cn-[n-°p-≈n-te-°v sIm-≠p-h-∂p. ssZ-hØn¬ \n-∂p IrXn-

bp-sS A-h-Im-iw F-gp-Øp-Im-c≥ ]n-Sn-®p-hmßn. F-gp-Øp-Im-c≥

ssZ-h-Xp-ey-\mbn. km-lnXyw a-X-hpw. ssZ-hn-Iam-b {]Xn-̀ -bv°p-

572019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

]-I-c-am-bn ssh-b‡n-I `m-h-\bpw A-\p-jvTm-\-]-cam-b hm-b-

\-Iƒ-°v ]-I-c-am-bn B-kzm-Z-\-]-cam-b hm-b-\-bpw. ]cn-an-Xamb

F-Æw am{Xw e-̀ y-am-bn-cp-∂ F-gp-tØm-e-Ifn¬ \n∂pw \n-ch[n

tIm-∏n-Iƒ A-®-Sn-°-s∏-́ ]p-kv-X-I-ßfpw ÿm-\w ]nSn® kμ¿ -̀

am-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. A-ßn-s\ h-f¿-∂p-h-∂ hm-b-\m-\p-io-e-\-

߃°v H-t -́sd ]-cn-an-Xn-Iƒ D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂p th-Ww a\ n-

em-°m≥.

I-Ym-]m-{X-hy-‡n

F-gp-Øp-Im-c≥ X-s‚ ̀ m-h-\m-i-‡n-sIm-≠v kr-„n-°p-∂ IYm-

]m-{X-sØ b-Ym¿-∞ Po-hn-X-Øn-se hy-‡n-bm-bn-´m-Wv ]-e-

t∏mgpw hm-b-\ ]-cn-K-Wn-®-Xv. "C-μp-te-J' F-∂ I-Ym-]m-{X-Øn\v

N-¥p-ta-t\m-s‚ t\m-h-en-\I-Øp am-{X-ta Po-hn-X-ap-≈q F-∂

bm-Ym¿∞yw CØ-cw hm-b\-Iƒ ku-I-cy-]q¿-Δw a-d-∂p. CØc

Øn¬ I-Ym-]m-{X-ß-fp-sS km-ln-Xo-bX-sb ]e-t∏mgpw hm-b\-

°m¿ ]-cn-K-Wn-®n-cp-∂n√ F-∂-Xn-\v A-dp-]-Xp-Ifnepw a‰pw amXr-

`q-an B-gv-N-∏-Xn∏n¬ h-∂ hm-b-\-°m-cp-sS I-Øp-Iƒ km£yw

h-ln-°p-∂p. I-Ym-]m-{X-sØ t\-cn-´v kwt_m-[-\-sN-bv-Xp-

sIm≠p≈ hy-‡n-]-cam-b I-Øp-I-fm-Wv A-h!

k-t¥m-jv G-®n-°m-\-Øn-s‚ _n-cn-bm-Wn I-Y-bn-se I-Ym-

]m-{X-Øn-s‚ Xp-S-Iƒ-°n-S-bn-se sNm-dn®n¬ t]mepw \m¿-knÃn

°m-b hm-b-\-°mcn¬ i-an-°m-Ø sNm-dn®n¬ D-≠m-°nb-Xv \mw

I-≠-Xm-W-t√m. C-Ø-c-Øn-ep-≈ hm-b-\m-`n-cp-Nn-bp-sS A]ISw

hy-‡-am-°p-∂ H-cp k¿-tΔ dn-t∏m¿-´v D-º¿-t´m Ft°m Xs‚ Itis not the End of Book F-∂ kw-̀ m-j-W-{K-ŸØn¬ \¬-Ip-∂p≠v.

""e-≠\n¬ \-S-∂ B k¿-tΔ-bn¬-]-s¶-Sp-Ø Im¬-`m-Kwt]cpw

hn≥-è-N¿-®nepw Nmƒ-kv Un-°≥kpw `m-h-\m-kr-„nbm-b

IYm-]m-{X-߃ B-sW∂pw tdm-_n≥-lp-Upw sj¿-e-Iv-tlmwkpw

Po-hn-®n-cp-∂-h-cm-sW-∂p-am-Wv I-cp-Xn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. (2011:311) tI-cf-

Ønepw \m-sf H-cp k¿-tΔ \S-Ønbm¬ {io-\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cphpw

Km-‘n-Pnbpw H-s° km-¶-ev]nI I-Ym-]m-{X-ßfpw Im-bw-Ip-fw

sIm-®p-Æn-bpw Imfn-bp-S-bm≥ N{¥-°m-c-\p-sam-s° Po-hn-®n-cp-

∂-h-cp-am-sW-∂v hm-b-\°m¿ tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-°q-Sm-bv-I-bn√.

a-s‰m-cm-fp-sS A-\p -̀hw X-s‚ A-\p-̀ -h-am-°n am-‰p-∂ {]-{In-b-

bm-Wv hm-b-\-bn¬ kw-̀ -hn-°p-∂-sX-∂ k-¶-ev-]w Cu Xm-Zmfly-

hm-b\-sb ]n-¥p-W-bv-°p-I-bpw sN-øp∂p. H-cmƒ-°v a-s‰m-cm-sf

a-\- n-em-°m-\p-≈ G-I D-]m-[n A-bm-fp-am-bn kw-̀ -hn-°p∂ XmZm-

fly-s∏-S¬ B-bn-s°m-≈-W-sa-∂n√. "Rm≥' "\o' B-bn-am-dn-°-

gn™m¬ ]n-s∂ hn-[n {]-kv-Xm-h-Ønt\m hn-i-I-e-\-Ønt\m

582019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

bm-sXm-cp km-[y-Xbpw D-≠m-hn√. ln-‰v-e-dp-sS ImeØv Po-hn-

®n-cp-∂ s{_-t‰mƒ-Uv s{_-lv-Xv Xm-Zm-fly-s∏-Sp∂ Im-hym-kzm-Z-

\-sØ i-‡-am-bn F-Xn¿-Øn-cp∂ B-fm-bn-cp-∂p.

A-h-K-Wn-°-s∏-´ B-Jym-\w

Ir-Xn-sb N-cn-{X-Øn-s‚ {]-Xn-^-e-\tam {]-Xn-\n-[m-\tam

Hs°-bm-bn a-\- n-em°n-b C-S-Xp-]-£ `m-hp-I-Xzhpw {i-≤ tI-

{μo-I-cn®-Xv I-Y-]m-{X-ß-fn-te°pw {]-ta-b-Øn-te-°p-sam-s°

am{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. \n¿-÷o-ham-b I-Æm-Sn t]m-se N-cn-{X-sØ

{]Xn-^-en-∏n-°p-I-b√ Ir-Xn-sb∂pw A-Xv N-cn-{XØn¬ C-S-s]-

Sp∂ {]-{In-b-bm-sW-∂p-ap-≈ Im-gv-N-∏m-Sv ssh-In am-{X-am-Wp-

≠m-hp-∂Xv. B-Jym\w (Narration) X-s∂-bm-Wv B Ir-Xn-I-fnse

{][m\ I-Ym-]m{Xw F-∂ h-kvXp-X a-\- n-em-°-s∏-Sm-sX

t]mbn.

b-Ym¿-∞Øn¬ H-cp Ir-Xn -\¬-Ip-∂ hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS hm-kv-X-

hn-I-Xtbm A-hm-kv-X-hn-I-Xtbm A√ Im-cyw. a-dn-®v km-ln-Xy-

Ir-Xnbn¬ A-h-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂ hn-hc߃ (Facts) Ir-Xn-bp-sS

`m-h-\m-bp-‡nbn¬ Fßn-s\ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p F-∂-Xm-Wv.

hnhc-ß-tfm-Sv k-Xyk‘-X ]p-e¿Øp-I F-∂Xpw Po-hn-X-tØmSv

k-Xyk-‘-X ]p-e¿Øp-I F-∂Xpw hy-Xy-kv-Xam-b Im-cy-ß-

fm-Wv. "lmw-e-‰v' F-∂ Ir-Xn H-t´-sd k-Xy-߃ sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂-Xm-Wv F-∂v ]d™m¬ A-Xn-\¿-∞w lmwe-‰v F-∂ cm-P-

Ipam-c≥ Po-hn-®n-cp∂p F∂√.

IY-sb I-Y-bm-°p-∂ {][m-\ k-hn-ti-j-X AXnse hn-h-c-

ß-sfm∂pw hn-h-c-Øn-\p-th-≠n am-{X-am-bn A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂

hnhc-a√ F-∂-Xm-Wv. Hcp ssh-Zy-im-kv-{X-]mT-]p-kv-X-IØn¬

A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂ hn-h-c-߃°pw km-ln-Xy-Ir-Xn-bn¬ Ah-

X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂ hn-h-c-߃-°pw H-tc D-t±-iy-a√ D-≈-Xv. H-cp

{]tXy-I-X-c-Øn-ep-≈ Imgv-N (Perception) kz-cq-]n-°m-\p-≈ A\p-

_-‘-km-a-{Kn-I-fm-Wv km-ln-Xy-Ir-Xn-bn-se hn-h-c-߃. H-cp

kmln-Xy-Im-c≥ Xp-S¿-®-bm-bn _-°nw-Kv lmw ]m-e- n-s‚ D®m

cWw " -̂°nw-Kv lmw ]m-e- v' F-∂v sX-‰n F-gp-Xp-I-bm-sW¶n¬

Abmƒ A-£-cm-`ym-k-an√m-Ø B-fm-sW-∂√ hm-b-\-°m¿

hnNm-cn-°p-I, a-dn-®v A-t±-lw i-‡n-aØm-b H-cp cm-jv-{So-b

hnNmcw \-S-Øp-I-bm-sW-∂p X-s∂-bm-Wv.

hym-Jym\-߃

]-g-bIm-e hm-b-\-I-fn-se hym-Jym\-߃ Im-hy-{k-„m-°-fpsS

A-km-am-\y-{]Xn-` H-fn-®p-sh-® kn-≤n-I-fp-sS \n-[n-Ipw`-߃

592019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

IrXnbn¬ \n-∂p I-s≠-Sp-°m-\p-≈ hm-b-\-°mc-s‚/hm-b-\-°mcn-

bp-sS F-fn-b-{i-a-Øn-s‚ `m-K-am-bn-´p≈-Xp am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂p-

sh¶n¬ hm-b-\m-tI-{μn-Xam-b ]pXn-b km-ln-Xy-kn-≤m¥-߃

F-gp-Øp-Im-c-s\bpw Ir-Xn-sbbpw tNmZyw sN-øm\pw t{]-c-W-

\¬--Ip-∂-h-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ F-≥.Fkv. am-[-h-s‚ ln-Kzn-‰bpw

k-t¥m-jv G-®n-°m-\-Øn-s‚ _n-cn-bm-Wn-bp-sa√mw hm-bn-®

coXnI-sf kw-_-‘n-®v a-e-bm-f-Ønepw Nn-e A-̀ n-{]m-b-hy-Xymk-

ßfpw hn-hm-Z-ßfpw D-b¿-∂p-h-cn-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cu hn-hmZ-߃

F-gp-Øp-Im-cp-sS F-∂-Xp-t]m-se hm-b-\-°m-cp-sS-bpw {]-Xn-_≤-

X-bpw {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X-kzm-[o-\-ßfpw sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h-bp-ambn-

cp-∂p.

hym-Jym-\-ß-fn√m-sX km-ln-Xy-hm-b-\ ap-t∂m-´p-t]m-In√.

F∂m¬ Ir-Xn-sb F-ß-s\ th-W-sa-¶nepw hym-Jym-\n-°mtam

F∂-Xv H-cp {]-iv-\-am-Wv. Cu {]-iv-\-sØ sS-dn Cu-Knƒ-S¨

hni-Ie-\w sN-øp∂-Xv "_m-_m ªm-Iv jo∏v' F-∂ \-gv-k-dn-

∏m´n-\v hn-hn[-ßfm-b Nn-e hym-Jym\-߃ \¬-Ip-I-bpw, {]Ya-

Zr„ym hf-sc km-[pX-bp-s≠-∂v tXm-∂p-∂ hym-Jym-\-ß-fpsS

]-cn-an-Xn-Iƒ F-s¥m-s°-bm-sW-∂v N¿-®-sN-øp-Ibpw sN-bvXp-

sIm-≠m-Wv. (Terry Eagleton :2014:136-137)""_m-_m ªm-Iv jo∏v' F-∂v \-gv-k-dn-Km-\w a-\p-jym-h-ÿsb-

°p-dn-®p-≈ kq-£v-am-t\z-j-W-ß-fp-sS `m-Kam--b H-cp km-ln-Xym-

Jym\--sam-∂p-a√. F∂m¬ t]mepw Cu ]mT-tØm-Sv \-ap°v A\-

h-[nbm-b tNm-Zy-߃ D-∂-bn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Xp-S-°Øn¬

Xs∂ ‘Ba ba Black Sheep have you any Wool’ F-∂ tNmZyw D-∂-

bn-°p∂-Xv B-cm-Wv F-∂-t\z-jn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. A-Xv k¿-Δ-

hym]nbm-b H-cp B--JymXm-hv D-∂-bn-°p-∂ tNm-Zy-am-tWm?

AtXm sN-Ω-cn-bm-Sp-am-bn kw-hm-Z-Øn-te¿-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂ a-t‰-

sX-¶nepw I-Ym-]m-{X-am-tWm? F-¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv Abmƒ C-{]-

Im-cw tNmZn-®-Xv? £-an°-Ww an/an-kn- v "ªm-Iv jo∏v' F-∂

km-{º-Zm-bn-Iam-b Cw-•o-jv kw-t_m-[-\-I-sfm∂pw IqSm-sX t\-

cn-´v tNmZy-ap-∂-bn°m-≥ Im-c-W-sa-¥m-bn-cn-°mw? Cu tNmZyw

H-cp A-°m-Z-an-Iv kz-̀ m-h-ap-≈ A-t\z-j-W-_p-≤nbn¬ \n-∂p-≠m-

Ip-∂-XmtWm? AtXm F-{X I-ºn-fn-bp-s≠-∂v A-dn-RXp-sIm≠v

tNmZy-I-¿-Øm-hn-\v a-‰p h√ em-`-hp-ap-t≠m?

A-bm-fp-sS B I-W-°p-Iq-´¬ Xo¿Øpw sX-‰m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-

∂m-Wv B-Sn-s‚ a-dp]-Sn kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. I-ºn-fn-bp-t≠m? F∂

tNm-Zy-Øn-\v "D-≠v' aq-∂p-_m-Kv \n-d-sb F-∂v adp]-Sn \¬-In-sb-

¶nepw H-∂v am-kv-‰¿-°mbpw a-s‰m-∂v sU-bv-\n-\mbpw A-h-ti-

jn-°p∂-Xv se-bv\n¬ Xm-a-kn-°p-∂ Ip-´n-°p-th-≠nbpw am-‰n-

602019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

sh-®-Xm-Wv F-∂v ]-d-bp-∂nS-Øv tNm-Zy-I¿-Øm-hn-t\m-Sv "X\n°p

Xcm≥ F-s‚ Iøn¬ I-ºn-fn-bn-s√-tSm' F-∂ a-dp]-Sn Iq-Sn A¥¿-

\n-ln-X-am-Wv. AY-hm tNmZy-I¿-Øm-hn-s‚ tNm-ZyØn¬ A-¥¿-

\n-ln-X-am-b (F-\n-°v X-cm-\p-t≠m?) F-∂ tNm-Zy-sØ BSv

t_m-[-]q¿-Δw A-h-K-Wn-®-Xmbpw ]-d-bmw. H-cp sX-cphn¬ sh®v

"H-cp-\n-an-jw \n¬-°tW' F-∂m-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂ H-cm-fp-sS ap-∂n¬

H-cp \n-an-jw \n-∂n-´v H∂pw an-≠m-sX \-S-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂ H-cm-

fpsS {]-hr-Øn-t]m-se-bm-Wv B-Sn-s‚ a-dp-]-Sn-bpw. tNm-Zn-® B-

fp-sS tNm-Zy-tØm-Sv {]-Xn-I-cn-®n-s√-¶nepw A-Xn-s‚ b-Ym¿∞

Xm¬-]-cy-sØ A-K-h-Wn-°pI! Cu-sbm-cp Im-gv-N-∏mSn¬ ta¬-

∏-d-™ \-gv-k-dn-∏m-´v a-\p-jym-\p-`-h-Øn-s‚ h-en-sbm-cp sh-fn-

s∏-Sp-Ø-em-sW∂v ]-d-bmw.

Cu hym-Jym-\w {]-[m-\-ambpw {]-ta-b-sØ tI-{μo-I-cn-®p-≈-

Xm-sW-∂-Xm-Wv C-Xn-s‚ H-cp ]-cn-an-Xn. cq-]-sØbpw K-W-

sØbpw (Genre) A-Xp I-W-°n-se-Sp-°p-∂-tX-bn√. ]m-´n-se

hm-°p-Iƒ an-°-Xpw {]m-k-̀ w-Kn-bp-≈Xpw Xm-f-_-≤-hp-am-Wv. ̀ mj-

bm-I-s´ A-[n-Iw _nw-_-I-ev-]-\-I-sfm-∂p-an√m-sX b-Ym-X-Y coXn-

bn-ep-≈Xpw h-kv-Xp-hn-s\bpw hm-°n-s\bpw hf-sc kp-Xm-cyamb

X-cØn¬ _-‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. Hmtcm hy-Xy-kv-X-]-Z-

Øn\pw Du-∂¬ \¬-In-s°m-≠v hy-Xy-kv-X-hm-b-\-Iƒ-°m-bp≈

km-[yX-Iƒ Xp-d-∂p-sh-°p-∂ sF-Bw-]n-Iv s]‚m-ao‰¿ (IambicPentameter) t]m-se-bp-≈ cq]w (form) H-∂p-a√ Cu ]m-́ n-\p≈Xv.

cq]w (form) hf-sc e-fn-Xam-b \-gv-k-dn-]m-´n-t‚-XmWv.

ta¬-∏-d-™ co-Xn-bn-ep-≈ H-cp hym-Jym-\w a-d-∂p-I-f-bp-∂

as‰m-cp h-kvXp-X H-cp P-\p v (Genere) F-∂ \n-e-bv-°p-≈ \gvk-

dn-∏m-́ n-s‚ k-hn-ti-j-X-I-fm-Wv. \-gv-k-dn-∏m-́ p-Iƒ F∂-Xv kmln

Xy-Øn-se H-cp k-hnti-j P-\p- m-Wv. a-t‰-Xp P-\p n\pw D≈-

Xp-t]m-se A-Xn-\v A-Xn-t‚Xm-b Nn-e \n-b-a-ß-fpw k-hn-ti-j-

XIfpw D-≠v. A-Xn-sem-∂v AØ-cw c-N-\-I-fn-se h-cn-Iƒ-°v

A-{X hen-b B-¥-cm¿-∞w H∂pw D-≠m-bn-cn-°n√ F∂-Xm-Wv.

Ah-sb tKm-bv-tY-bp-sS tUm. ^u-Ãn-s\tbm dn¬-t°-bp-sS

tkm-W-‰p-I-sftbm H∂pw ssI-Im-cyw sN-øp-∂-Xp-t]mse ssI-

Imcyw sN-øp∂-Xv A-_-≤-am-bn-cn-°pw.

ta¬-∏-d-™ X-c-Øn-ep-≈ hym-Jym-\w F-¥p-sIm-≠v ]m-Sn√

F-∂m-Wv tNm-Zy-sa¶n¬ cq-]-sØbpw K-W-sØbpw ]-cn-K-Wn-

°m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠p-am{Xw A-h km-[p-h√ F-∂p hm-Zn-°m-\m-hn√.

F∂m¬ ta¬-]-d-™ co-Xnbn¬ hm-bn-°m-\mt-Wm Cu h-cnIƒ

Nn-́ -s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂-Xv F-∂m-Wv tNm-Zy-sa¶n¬ kw-i-b-tei-

sat\-y A√ F-∂v DØ-cw ]-d-bmw. Ir-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®v A-h-km-\-

612019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Xo¿-∏p-]-d-tb≠-Xv F-gp-Øp-Im-c-\m-sW-∂ hm-Z-Øn-\v Xo¿Øpw

\n-e-\n-ev-]n-s√-∂v Im-Wmw.

I¿-Øm-hn-\v X-s‚ c-N-\-bp-sS A¿-∞-Øn-\v ta¬ ]-c-am-[n-

Im-c-an√ F-∂p h-cp-∂-Xn-eq-sS km-ln-Xy-c-N-\-bv-°v \n-߃ hnNm-

cn-°p-∂ F-¥¿-∞hpw B-tcm-]n°mw F-∂p hm-Zn-°m-\m-hn√.

]mT-Øn-\p \ym-b-ambpw ]n-¥p-W°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂-Xn-te-sd hmb\

I-s≠-Øp-∂-Xn-\p ]n∂n-¬ tSm-Wns‚ (Tone) {]-h¿-Ø-\hpw

\-S-°p-∂p-≠v. Cu-W-Øn-se h-y-Xym-kw Xo¿-®-bm-bpw A¿∞

sØ kzm-[o-\n-°p-∂ L-S-I-am-Wv. F∂m¬ Cu-Ww A-£-cm¿∞-

Øn-¬ km-ln-Xy-]mTØn¬ ImWm≥ I-gn-bp-∂ H-∂√. \-gv-k-dn-

∏m-´n-s‚ hym-Jym-\-sØ kzm-[o-\n-® H-cp {][m-\ LSIw

"CuWw' X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

]m-Sp-∂ Ip-́ nI-sf kw-_-‘n-s®-¶nepw Cu A¿-∞-ß-sfm∂pw

{]-k-‡-a√. "\-f-N-cnXw' B-Zy-ambn A-cß-Øv A-h-X-cn-∏n-®-

t∏mƒ A-Xp I-≠p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂ t{]-£-I-cp-sS {]-Xn-I-cW-߃

F-¥m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂v C-∂v \-ap-°-dn-bm-\m-hn√. \-f-N-cn-Xw B´-

°-Y N-cn-{XØn¬ F-ßn-s\ {]-h¿-Øn-®p F-∂p a-\- n-em°m≥

A-Xym-h-iyam-b H-cp hn-h-c-amWv B t{]-£-I-{]-Xn-Ic-Ww

F¶nepw A-Xp e-̀ y-a√ F-∂ ]-cn-an-Xn-sb A-wKo-Icn-®p-sIm≠p-

am-{X-ta G-Xp hym-Jym-\-Øn\pw Np-h-Sp-d-∏n-°m-\mhq.

A-tX-ka-bw H-cp tIm-S-Xn-hn-[n-\ym-b-sØ C-Ø-cØn¬

]eX-cw hym-Jym-\-߃-°p hn-t[-b-am-°n-bm¬ A-Xn-s‚ {]Xym-

Lm-Xw hf-sc Kp-cp-X-c-am-bn-cn-°pw. `m-j-bv-°v C-Ø-c-Øn-ep-≈

hym-Jym-\-km-[yX-Iƒ F√m-bv-t]m-gp-ap≠v. F∂m¬ K-Xm-K-X-

\n-b-{¥-W-Nn-”-ß-sftbm Nn-In-’m Ip-dn-∏-Sn-I-sftbm H-s°

\-Ωƒ A-Ø-cØn¬ hym-Jym-\-Øn-\v hn-t[-b-am-°mØ-Xv

AXnse `m-j-bv-°v \mw ap≥-Iq-´n Nn-e ]-cn-[n-Iƒ I-ev-]n-®n-cn-

°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. F∂m¬ km-ln-Xy-Ir-Xn-bn-se `m-j-bv-°v

\mw A-ßn-s\ ]-cn-[n-Iƒ I-ev-]n-°p-∂n√. F∂m¬ Nn-e kμ¿`

ßfn¬ F-¶nepw \mw A¿-∞-sØ Nn-e Ip-‰n-Ifn¬ Ir-Xy-ambn

sI-´n-bn-tS-≠-Xm-bn-h-cpw. a-‰p Nn-e kμ¿-`-ßfn¬ A-Xn\v

btY„w \o-¥n-\-S-°p-hm-\p-≈ kzm-X-{¥y-ap-≠m-hpw. Cu

kzmX{¥yw k-μ¿-`-Øn\pw P-\p- n-\p-a-\p-k-cn-®v hm-b-\-bv-°v

ap-ºv X-s∂ \mw Xo-cp-am-\n-°p-∂-Xm-sW-∂¿-∞w.

"{io-`q-hn-e-ÿn-c' F-∂ h-cn-Iƒ-°v "\o F-s‚ ]p-dw sNm-dn-

™p-Xcq' F-s∂m-c¿-∞w H-cp Im-c-W-h-imepw hm-bn-s®-Sp-°m-

\m-hn√-t√m. F∂m¬ G-sX-¶nepw H-cp Ime-Øv H-cp B-Zn-hmkn

k-aq-l-sØ-°p-dn-®v ]T-\w \-S-Øp-∂ Hcmƒ A-h-cp-sS `m-j-

bn¬ "F-s‚ ]p-dw sNm-dn-™p-Xcq' F-∂ A¿-∞-e-œn-°m-bn

622019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

CtX i-–-ß-fm-Wv D-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂-Xv F-∂v I-s≠-Øp-I-bm-

sW-∂n-cn-°-s´, A-∂v Cu h-cn-Iƒ-°v A-ßn-s\ H-c¿-∞-an-s√∂v

hm-Zn-°m≥ \-ap-°v km-[n-°m-sXbpw h-t∂-°mw.

A¿-∞w F∂-Xv H-cp s]m-Xp-kz-Øm-Wv. F-s‚ t]cn¬ c-Pn-

Ã-¿ sNbv-X ]-Øp-sk‚ v `q-an F-t‚-Xp-am-{X-am-sW-∂v Rm≥

A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-t]m-se F-\n-°p am-{X-am-bn H-cp A¿-∞w

D-≠mhp-I km-[ya√. Imc-Ww kz-Im-cy-kz-Øn-s‚ ]-cn-[nbn¬

H-cp Im-c-W-h-imepw sIm-≠p-hcm≥ km-[n-°m-Ø H-∂m-Wv

A¿∞w. A¿-∞w ̀ m-jbn¬ \n-∂m-Wp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. ̀ m-j-bm-hs´

km-aq-ln-I-hp-am-Wv. H-cp k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ aq-ey-߃ B-Nmc-߃

k-¶-ev]-߃ ÿm-]\-߃ `u-Xn-I-km-l-N-cy-߃ F√mw

tN¿∂m-Wv `mj-sb cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv.

A¿-∞w ÿn-c-am-bn am-‰-an√m-sX \n¬-°p-∂ H-∂√-Xm-\pw.

A-Xv H-cp {]-tXy-I {]-tZ-isØ, Im-e-sØ H-cp-Iq-´w a-\pjy-¿

A-\p-`-h-ß-sfbpw Im-gv-N-∏m-Sp-I-sfbpw hn-\na-bw sN-øm-\m-bn

]-c-kv]-cw D-≠m-°p-∂ H-cp I-cm¿ B-sW-∂p ]-d-bmw. A-tX-

ka-bw CØ-cw Im-cy-ßfn¬ A-h¿-°n-Sbn¬ X-s∂ kw-L¿j-

߃ D-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ Cu ]-c-kv-]-c-I-cm-dn¬ A-h¿ X-s∂ Nn-e

am‰-߃ sIm-≠p-h-cn-Ibpw sN-øpw. Im¿-Øn-I-bmtWm tc-h-Xn-

bmtWm Iq-Sp-X¬ kp-μcn? F-∂ hn-j-bØn¬ Rm\pw \obpw

XΩn¬ H-cp kw-hm-Zw km-[y-am-I-W-sa-¶n¬ Im¿-Øn-I-bp-sSbpw

tc-h-Xn-bp-sS-bpw A¿-∞-sØ kw-_-‘n-®v \-ΩƒX-Ωn¬ H-cp

s]m-Xp-[m-c-W-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. \o A-h c-≠p-\-£-{X-ß-fm-

sW∂pw Rm≥ A-h c≠p kn-\n-am-Xm-c-ß-fm-sW-∂p-am-Wv I-cp-

Xp-∂-sX¶n¬ kw-hm-Zw A-km-[y-am-Ipw.

Cu H-cp X-eØn¬ \n-∂p t\m-°p-tºmƒ H-cp km-ln-Xy-Ir-

Xn°pw F-\n-°p am-{X-am-bn H-cp A¿-∞w I-s≠Øp-I km-[-y-

a√. a-‰p-≈-h-cp-am-bn ]-¶p-sh-°m-\m-hp-∂ H-∂n-s\ am-{X-ta

A¿∞w F-∂p hn-fn-°m-\m-hq. A¿-∞w F∂-Xv ap-\n-kn-∏¬

Im¿ ]m¿-°nw-Kv t]m-se Xo-¿Øpw s]m-Xphm-b H-cp C-S-am-sW-

∂p--a√ Cu ]-d-™-Xn-\¿-∞w. F∂m¬ Xo¿Øpw ssh-b-‡n-

Iam-b CS-hp-a√. A¿-∞w sXm-´p-t\-m-°m-hp-∂ H-cp `u-Xn-I-

hkv-Xph√. Hcp hn-\n-a-b-am-Wv.

H-cp Ir-Xnbn¬ \n-∂v A¿∞-߃ \n¿-Ωn-s®-Sp-°m-\p≈ Hcp

hm-b-\-°mc-s‚/hm-b-\-°m-cn-bp-sS ti-jn-sb \n¿-W-bn-°p∂Xv

A-bm-fp-sS N-cn-{X-]-›mØ-ew Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. cm-am-b-W-Øntem

alm-`m-c-X-Øntem \n-∂v s^-an-\n-kv-‰v kn-≤m-¥-ßtfm A-cn-

Ip-h¬°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂ Z-fn-Xv Po-hn-X-ß-fp-sS I-Ytbm H∂pw hmbn-

s®-Sp°m≥ A-°m-e-sØ hm-b-\-°m¿-°v km-[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n√.

632019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

]-t£ \-ap-°v km-[n-°pw. hm-b-\°m¿ A-t_m-[-]q¿-Δ-am-sb-

¶nepw X-ß-fp-sS F√mØ-cw hn-izm-k-ß-sfbpw A-\p-am-\-ß-

sfbpw ]mT-Øn-te-°v sIm-≠p-h-cpw. A-hbn¬ {]-[m-\-am-bpw

F-¥m-Wv km-ln-Xyw F-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p-≈ A-h-cp-sS \n-K-a-\-

ßfpw D-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. H-cp ]-cn-[n h-sc Ah-sb Xm≥ F-ßns\

Dƒ-s°m≈-Ww F-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p-≈ Im-gv-N-∏m-Sp-Ifpw D-≠m-

bn-cn-°pw. C-h-sb√mw tN¿-∂v hm-b-\°m¿ Ir-Xnbn¬ \n∂pw

I-s≠-Sp-°p-∂-h-sb√mw A-h-cp-sS hn-izm-k-ß-fp-sSbpw Im-gv-N-

∏m-Sp-I-fp-sSbpw X-s∂ kr-„n-bm-bn-cn-°pw. H-cpth-f Cu I-s≠-

Ø-ep-Iƒ Ah-sc hn-π-h-I-c-am-bn ]-cn-h¿-Øn-∏n-°p-∂-Xnepw

Iem-in-t®-°mw.

H-cmƒ-°v H-cp sh-fn-®-∏m-Sn-s‚ `m-hØn¬ H-cp Ir-Xn-bn-te-°v

{]-th-in-®v km-£y-߃ I-s≠-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠p-h-cmw. ]-t£

IrXnsb kw-_-‘n-®v A-Xn-\v Ir-Xyam-b H-tc H-cp hym-Jym-\w

F∂Xv km-[y-tab√. km-[yam-b hym-Jym-\-ß-fp-sS H-cp irwJe

F¶nepw D-≠m-tb Xo-cq. s]m-Xp-k-Ω-Xn-bm¿-÷n-® H-cp

hymJym\w ]-e-t∏mgpw ]mTØn¬ \n∂pw sX-fn-hp-Iƒ D-≤cn®p-

sIm-≠p-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.

km-ln-Xy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ A-h D-∂-bn-°p-∂ {]-iv-\-Øn-s‚ DØc

ß-sf hm-en¬-sI-´n-Øq-°n-s°m-≠v A-h-X-cn-°p-∂-h-b√.

F¶nepw F√m `m-h-\-Ifpw G-sX-¶n-epw H-cp {]-iv-\-Øn-s‚

DØc-߃ Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. F√m `m-h-\-bnepw Nn-e `m-hp-I-ß-fpw

Dƒ-t®¿-∂n-cn-°p∂-Xv sIm-≠m-W-Xv. ip-̀ -cm{Xn Ft∂m ip-̀ Zn\w

Ft∂m D-≈ H-cp ̀ m-hp-Iw Zn-\tam cm-{Xntbm ip-`-amtWm F∂

tNm-Zy-Øn-\p-≈ D-Ø-c-a√. G-sX-¶nepw A-[n-Im-c-tI-{μØn¬

\n-∂p-ap-≈ h-c-{]-km-Z-a√. H-cp B-{K-l-Nn-¥-bm-Wv. `m-h-\m-fl-

I-bp-‡n kw-hm-Zm-fl-I-bp-‡n Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. \n-c-¥-cam-b kw-hm-

Zm-fl-I-bp-‡n-bm-Wv a-\p-jym-t\z-j-W-ß-fp-sS N-cn-{X-]-cX-sb

A-S-bm-f-s∏-SpØm≥ Iq-Sp-X¬ A-\p-tbm-Py-am-bn-´p-≈Xv.

AtXmsS `m-h-\ {]-hr-Ønbpw {]-tbm-Khpw B-Ip∂p.

642019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

DØ-cm-[p-\nIIhnX˛hn`m-h-\-bpsSkwL¿j-߃sI. lcn-X

DØ-cm-[p-\n-I Ie aq∂v CS-ßsf {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂p. H∂v,

B[p-\n-I-X-bpsS tI{μo-IrXa\p-jy≥ \n¿an® I¿Øm-hns‚

A]-\n¿Ωn-Xn-bm-Wv. Pohn-XsØ kq£va\nco-£Ww\SØn

I¿Ømhv krjvSn-°p-∂-XmWv Ie F∂ [mcW ]nf-cp-Ibpw

ap≥Ime Bhn-jvIm-c-ß-fn¬\n∂pw I¿Øm-hn-t‚bpw hmb-\-

°mct‚bpw kz¥w A\p-`-h-ß-fn¬\n∂pw Ie DcphwsIm≈p-

I-bm-Wv F∂ [mcW {]_-e-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. CtXmsS Pohn-

X-Øns‚ ka-{K-amb Bhn-jvImcw At\Iw a\pjykzXz-ß-

fpsS kq£vacmjv{Sob-ß-fn-te°v ]cn-h¿Øn-°-s∏-´p. DØ-cm-

[p-\nI Ie-bpsS c≠m-an-S-ambn Cu ]cn-h¿Ø-\sØ IW-

°m-°mw. ta¬∏-d™ {]XnkwkvImc{]ÿm-\-ß-fn¬\n∂mWv

ChnsS Ie AXns‚ Du¿÷w Is≠-Øp∂Xv.

aq∂m-anSw DØ-cm-[p-\n-I PohnX ]cn-k-c-tØmSpw AXns‚

Nqj-Wm-flI \b-ß-tfm-Sp-ap≈ kwL¿jm-fl-I-X-bm-Wv. ]mc-

º-cy-ß-fn¬\n∂pw ssPhn-I-X-bn¬\n∂pw H‰-s∏-´v, {]Xo-Xn-

652019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

bmYm¿∞y-Øn¬ Bgw Ipd-™p-t]mb a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-ß-fmWv

ChnsS Ie-bpsS cmjv{So-b-ambn {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. CØ-c-

Øn¬ kzXz-Øn-t‚bpw Ie-bp-tSbpw bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I-amb GI-

Xm\k¶-ev]-Øn\p hncp-≤-ambn Hcp A]-\n¿ΩnX kzXz-t_m[-

ambn DØ-cm-[p-\nI cN-\-Isf ImWm-sa∂v kmcw.

Ihn-Xsb kw_-‘n®v DØ-cm-[p-\n-I-X-bpsS Pohn-X-]-cn-kc-

ßsf Bhn-jvI-cn-°m≥ \ne-hn-ep≈ Imhy-`mjbv°p Ign-

bmsX t]mbn-S-ØmWv B[p-\n-IX AkvX-an-°p-∂-Xv. F¨

]Xp-I-fpsS ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS ]pXp\ncIhn-Iƒ ]pXnb ImesØ

Bhn-jvI-cn-°m≥ {ian-®p-sIm≠v IS∂phcp-∂p. ̀ qX-Im-esØ

sh´n-°odn H´n® ]mÃnjpw `qX-Imew A\p-I-c-Wm-fl-I-ambn

hna¿in-°-s∏-´ ]mc-Unbpw ]pXnb Imhy kt¶-X-ß-fmbn ]co-

£n-°-s∏-´p. F∂m¬ DØ-cm-[p-\nI Ihn-Xbv°v ]e-t∏mgpw

AXp \ne\n∂n-cp∂ kmaq-lnI bmYm¿∞y-߃°pw ap∂n¬

]I®p\n¬t°-≠nh∂p.

Cu Hcp A‘m-fn-∏ns\ AXn-Po-hn-®p-sh-∂-XmWv DØ-cm-

[p-\nI Ihn-I-fn¬ taml-\-Ir-jvW≥ Ime-Sn-bpsS Ihn-X-Isf

hyXy-kvX-am-°p-∂-Xv. ""Ihn-bpsS Ime-L-´hpw Fgp-Xnb Ihn-

X-bpsS kzXzhpw XΩn-ep≈ AIew D≠m°nØo¿Ø {]Xn-

k-‘n-bn¬\n∂pw Dbn¿sIm≠ Ihn-X-I-fmWv taml-\-Ir-jvW≥

Ime-Sn-bp-tSXv'' F∂v ag-s∏m-́ s‚ Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ hnPp \mbc-

ßmSn A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw CXp-sIm-≠mWv (2013: 257).

Cu AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Ø-en\v A]-cym-]vX-amb Imhy-`m-jsb

Xt‚-Xmb ssien-bn¬ Ihn ]pXp°n∏Wn-sX-Sp-°p-∂p. AXv

Htc kabw Hcp Ip´n-bpsS \n¿`-b-Xzhpw AtXkabw Hcp

apXn¿∂ hy‡n-bpsS _men-i-amb XojvW-Xbpw P\n-∏n-°p∂p.

tIm¿∏-td-‰p-I-fpsS kmwkvIm-cnI Nqj-W-߃°pap∂n¬

NqjWw Xncn-®-dn-™n´pw F¥psNø-W-sa-∂-dn-bmsX Ipg-

ßp∂ h¿Ø-am\Imea\p-jys‚ a\- mWv ChnsS \njvI-

f¶_mey-ambn ]I®p\n¬°p-∂-Xv. F¥pw hmßn Xn∂m≥Ign-

bp∂ DØ-cm-[p-\n-I-X-bn¬ C√m-Xmbns°m≠n-cn-°p∂ {]Ir-

Xn-tbbpw ssPh Im¿jnI ]mc-º-cy-tØ-bp-amWv "tX߬

]mSw' F∂ IhnX hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

"amfnI tI‰p-hm≥ kΩ-Xn®v

aÆn´v Xq¿°p-hm≥ H∏p-sh®v

Xs‚ P∑-Øn-s\m-Sp-hn-esØ

sImbvØpw saXnbpw Ign™ ]mSw'

ChnsS {]Ir-Xnsb a\p-jy≥ Iog-S-°p-I-b-√, adn®v h∂p

tNcp∂ Ah-ÿ°pap∂n¬ {]IrXn kzta-[-bm, Iog-S-ßp-I-

662019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

bm-Wv. tIm¿]-td-‰p-I-fpsS hn]WnX{¥-߃°-\p-k-cn®v

PohnXw am‰n-sb-Sp-°p∂ DØ-cm-[p-\nIa\p-jys‚ {]Ir-Xn-bmWv

tX߬]m-Sw. At_m-[-Øns‚ BtKm-f-h¬°-cWw F∂p

Xs∂ kmcw.

kzbw hg-ßm-Ø-hsb am¥n-sb-Sp-°p∂ lnwkm-fl-I-amb

tIm¿∏-td‰v A[o-i-Xz-tØbpw Ihn Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. D®-

\nav∂-ß-fmbn InS-∂n-cp∂ tIc-fob `q{]-Ir-Xnsb A‰w

ImWp∂ ]oT-̀ q-an-I-fm°n Xo¿°p∂ DØ-cm-[p-\n-I-X-bpsS b{¥-

kw-kvIm-c-amWv "]¥v Imbv°p∂ Ip∂v'. A[oi h¿K-Øns‚

aqey-ßsf apgp-h≥ sh√p-hn-fn-°p∂ Cu `mj DØ-cm-[p-\nI

kmln-Xy-Øns‚ s]mXp {]h-W-X-bmWv.

GXp {]Xn-k-‘n-bnepw \in®p t]mhmØ CS-ßsf Is≠-

Øn, {]Xo£ P\n-∏n-°p-I-bmWv taml-\-Ir-jvWs‚ Ihn-X-Iƒ

sNøp-∂-Xv. Cßs\ Hcp ip` {]Xo£ \¬In ]cy-h-km-\n-∏n-

°pI F∂Xv DØ-cm-[p-\nI Ihn-X-I-fpsS Hcp khn-ti-jX

Xs∂-bm-Wv.

"]¥p Imbv°p∂ Ip∂v' F∂ Ihn-X-bn¬ taml-\-Ir-jvW≥

Bhn-jvI-cn-°p∂ _meyw ]pXpXe-ap-d-bpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-bm-Wv.

CSn®p \nc-Øm≥ t]mIp-∂-h-tcmSv Ip∂n¬ Ipgn-®n´ ]¥ns\

B _meyw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]¥v ̀ qX-Im-e-Øns‚ kmwkvIm-

cnI sshhn-[y-ß-fm-hp-∂p.

ag-s∏m-́ ≥ F∂ IhnX CØ-c-Øn¬ A\p-̀ -h-ß-fpsS \jvS-

߃ Pohn-X-Øns‚ BZy-Øn¬ \n∂pw Bcw-`n-°p-∂p-s≠∂v

Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. t]mb-Im-e-Øns‚ hnZym¿∞nKrlm-Xp-c-X-bn¬

\n∂mWv IhnX Bcw-̀ n-°p-∂-Xv. {]Ir-Xn-tbmSv tN¿∂v a\pjy-

\n¬ cq]-s∏´p hcp∂ am\-hn-I-X-bpsS _mey-Z-i-bm-Wn-hnsS

sXfn-bp-∂-Xv. tIc-f-Øn¬ Hmtcm A≤y-b\h¿jm-cw-`hpw ag-

bm-Wv. Cu ag-bn¬ Aen™v Hmtcm_meyhpw {]Ir-Xn-bn¬

\n∂p kzmb-Ø-am-t°≠ PohnX aqey-ß-sf-bmWv IhnX

ChnsS kvacn-°p-∂-Xv.

CØcw A\p-`-h-ßsf Xnc-kvI-cn®v a\p-jy-Po-hnXØns‚

_mey-Øn¬ Xs∂ F{]-Imcw hn]-Wn-tI-{μo-IrX kwkvIm-c-

Øn-te°v {]th-in-°p-∂p-sh∂v ag-s∏m-´≥ hy‡-am-Ip-∂p≠v.

ag\\™v, hgn-bn¬I≠ amhnepw a‰pw Ibdn HSp-hn¬ kvIqfn¬

FØp∂ hnZym¿∞n-Ifpw, Htc \nd-Øn¬ ]c-kv]cw an≠msX

h≠n-I-fn¬ kvIqƒ hcm-¥-bn¬ h∂n-d-ßp∂ hnZym¿Yn-Ifpw

bYm-{Iaw k¿°m¿ kvIqfn-s‚bpw Cw•ojv aoUnbw kvIqfn-

t‚bpw B[p-\nIIme {]Xo-I-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p.

^yqU¬ Ime-Øn\ptijw cq]-s∏´ph∂ sImtfm-Wn-b¬

672019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

B[p-\n-IX D≠m-°n-sb-SpØ a≤y-h¿K-P-\-X-bpsS D]-cn-h¿K-

amWv \yq\-]£whcp∂ Cw•ojv aoUnbw hnZym¿∞n-I-fn-eqsS

{]Xn-^-en-®n-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ \h-sIm-tfm-Wn-b-en-k-Øns‚

]pXnbImeØv {]kvXpX D]-cn-h¿Kw kaq-l-Øns‚ `qcn-]-

£-ambn Xocp-∂p. Cu h¿Ko-I-c-W-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\w

PmXntbm aXtam A√. adn®v ^n\m≥kv Iym]n-‰¬ \n¿Ωn®

hn]WntI{μo-IrX kmº-ØnIÿnXn-bm-sW∂p ImWmw.

B[p-\n-I-X-bn¬ kmaq-ln-I-ambn AkvX-an®p t]mb PmXn

ChnsS Xncn®p hcp-∂p. kº-∂-X-bp-sS, B¿`m-S-Øn-s‚, kmaq-

lnI ]Z-hn-bpsS A¥-co£w ho≠pw kh¿W-ambn Xocp-Ibpw

Ah¿WX kaq-l-Øns‚ ]m¿iz-ß-fn-te°v imco-cn-Ihpw am\-

kn-I-hp-ambn ]n¥-≈-s∏´p XpS-ßp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. Ihn-X-bnse

ag-sN-°≥ ]m¿iz-h¬°-cn-°-s∏´ Iogmf P\-X-bpsS Hm¿Ω-

s∏-Sp-Ø-em-Wv.

"t]mSm Idp∏m Pe-tZm-j-°m-cm sb

t∂mSn®p hn´p Icp-Ø-∑m¿'

ChnsS c≠v hnti-jW-ß-fmWv agsN°\v taml-\-

IrjvW≥ \¬Ip-∂-Xv. H∂v Idp-∏m-Wv. Idp∏v F∂ \ndw Zfn-

Xn-t‚bpw ]m¿iz-h¬°-c-W-Øn-t‚bpw {]Jym-]nX ap{Z-bm-Wv.

sImtfm-Wn-b-en-k-Øn-eqsS {]k-cn® bqtdm-]y≥ h¿W-t_m[-

amWv CXv \n¿an-°p-∂-Xv. \h sImtfm-Wn-b-en-khpw AXns‚

hmWnPy kaq-lhpw CXv ]n¥p-S-cp-∂p. ]c-ky-ß-fn¬ _lp-

`qcn-]-£hpw icocw shfp-∏n-°m-\p≈hbm-sW-t∂m¿°mw.

CØ-c-Øn¬ B[p-\n-tIm-Øc kaqlw AXns‚ k¿Δ CS-ß-

fn¬ \n∂pw Idp-∏ns\ t_m[-]q¿Δw Xs∂ AI‰n \n¿Øp-

tºmƒ, kmlnXyw Idp-s∏∂ ap{Zsb cmjv{So-b-ambn {]Xn-

tcm-[n-°p∂p.

agsN°\v Iev]n-°p∂ c≠m-asØ hnti-jWw "Pe-tZm-

j-°mcm' F∂m-Wv. ag-sN-°\v Pe-tZm-j-ap-s≠-∂-X√ Chn-

SsØ {]iv\w. aq°-f-sbm-en-∏n®v ag \\™v HmSn-∏m-s™-

Ønb Hcp Ip´n-bpsS ̀ uXnI {]Ir-Xn-bmWv {]kvXpX {]tbmKw

sIm≠v Ihn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Cu Ip´n Aßs\ A]-cnjvIr-

X-\m-hp-∂p. \√ hkv{Xw, IpS, _mKv, "hrØn'bmbn kq£n-

°p∂ shfpØ icocw F∂n-h-bpsS A]-cym-]vX-X-bmWv ag-

sN-°s\ ChnsS A]-cn-jvIr-X-\m-°p-∂-Xv. Cu A]-cn-jvIr-

XXzw \n¿Ωn-°p-∂Xpw \nb-{¥n-°p-∂Xpw BtKmf hn]-Wn-

bp-≠m-°n-sb-SpØ kmwkvIm-cnI kaq-l-am-sW∂p ImWmw.

"Fs∂ thKw h√

F≥.-B¿.-sF°pw hn¬°v apX-emfn

682019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

As√¶n¬ apX-emfn Xs∂ Fs∂

apdn®v apdn®v Xn∂v

F∂pw sshIo´v

sX≠n-°n-´nb Nn√d am‰m≥

hcp∂ B sNdp-°-\nt√

Ahs‚ t\m´w I≠v F\n°v

t]Sn-bm-hp∂p apX-emfo

Ahs‚ hb-‰n-emsI ]pgphm

F{X ]Ww X∂mepw

Fs∂ Ah\v hn¬°t√ apX-emfo'

t_°dn DS-a-tbmSv s\ø-eph \S-Øp∂ {]kvXpX kw`m-j-

W-Øn-eqsS B[p-\n-tIm-Ø-c-X-bpsS hn]-Wn-Iƒ kaq-l-Ønse

D]-cn-h¿KsØ am{Xta ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂p-≈q F∂p hy‡-am-

°p-∂p≠v. AXm-bXv Hmlcn hn]-Wn, Dul-I-®-hSw XpS-ßnb

CS-]m-Sp-I-fn-eqsS h¿≤n® aqe-[\w (^n-\m≥kv Iym]n-‰¬)

C¥y t]mep≈ aq∂mw temI cmPy-ß-fn¬ kº-Øp≈

]cnjvIr-X-amb Hcp D]cnh¿K-tØbpw kº-Øn-√mØ "A]-

cn-jvIr-X-cmb' as‰mcp \yq\-]-£-tØ-bp-amWv \n¿Ωn-®-sX∂v

taml-\-Ir-jvWs‚ Ihn-X-Iƒ kv]jvS-am-bn, AXns‚ F√m-

hn[ k¶o¿W-X-ItfmsSbpw Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.

hn]Wn \nb-{¥n-°p∂ a≤y-h¿KPohnXw \bn-°m-\m-ImsX

\nXy-I-S-°m-cmbn Pohn-°p∂ ̀ qcn]£w P\-ß-sf-bmWv "aWn

Hm¿U¿' bYm-X-Y-ambn AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. X]m-em-∏okv

At\z-jn®p \S∂ BJym-Xmhv Nne-cpsS "Xami'bm¬ t]meokv

tÃj-\n-emWv FØp-∂-Xv. ISpØ hncp-t≤m-‡n-bn-emWv

IhnX Ah-km-\n-°p-∂Xv.

"kmtd

C\n Fs∂ Hcn-°epw

Xpd∂p hnS-cptX

Cu \qdp cq] XncnsI X∂v

]pdØp hnS-cptX'

"Ah-km-\sØ A`-b-sa¥v F∂v At\z-jn-°p-∂-h¿ ChnsS

IdpØ lmkyw Na-°p∂p'sh∂v hnPp \mb-c-ßmSn (2013:263).

]msse-kn¬ FØp-tºmƒ ta¬]-d™ D]-cn-h¿K-Øn\p

kam-¥-c-ambn Pohn-t°-≠n-h-cp∂ \yq\-]£ P\-X-sb-bmWv

ImWm-\m-hp-I.

"\msf t\cw shfp-°p-tºm-tg°pw

Cu IW-s°√mw sNbvXp-sh-®m¬

692019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

\n߃°p Rms\mcp ]mssekv hmßn-Øcmw

H∂√ c≠p t]¿°pw Hmtcm∂v'

Cßs\ Hcp Ip´n-bpsS XnI™ \njvI-f-¶-X-tbm-sS-bp≈

{]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ \n∂mWv IhnX Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. tlm´-en¬

]Wn-sb-SpØv ]Tn-°p∂ Hcp _mey-amWv ChnsS BJym-Xmhv.

kaq-l-tØmSv \nc-¥cw t]mcm-Sp∂ \yq\-]-£-amWv {]kvXpX

_meyw {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu ]£-Øn\v \nkw-K-X-bpsS

Zb-\ob kzc-tØm-sSm∏w AXn-Po-h-\-Øns‚ Bt{Im-ihpw

km[y-am-Ip-sa∂v "]mssekv' shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v.

"IW-s°-ßm≥ sX‰n®p NXn-®m¬

s…bnt‰ \ns∂ Rm≥ Fdn™p s]m´n°pw

s]≥knte \ns∂ Rm≥ IpØn-s∏m-´n°pw'

D]-c-h¿K-tØmSv \yq\-]£w \S-Øp-∂Xv HuZmcyw tNmZn-

°-e-s√-∂pw Ah-Im-i-߃ t\Sm≥ Ah¿°v Icp-Øp-s≠∂pw

AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XmWv {]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ. "]msse-kn'¬

ImWp∂ Cu lnwkm-fl-IX "kvIqfnse B\'- F∂ Ihn-X-

bn¬ XpS-cp-∂p. hnZym-`ymkw t\Sp∂ D]-cn-h¿K-Øns‚ {]Xn-

tj-[-am-WXv.

Rm≥ Im´nse B\-bmWv

ag sh≈-Øn¬ ]pg-bn-sem-en-®-XmWv

kvIqfp I≠t∏m tIdn-b-XmWv

t{Umbnßv amjv ]nSn®p sI´n-b-Xm-Wv.

sImtfm-Wn-b-enkwt]mse \h sImtfm-Wn-b-en-khpw

AXns‚ {]Nm-cW am[y-a-ambn kvIqfp-Isf BtLm-jn-°p-

∂p≠v. DØ-cm-[p-\nI a\p-jy≥ At_m-[-ambn BtKm-f-h¬°-

cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AXns‚ _me-]m-T-߃°v C∂sØ

kvIqfp-ambn _‘-ap-s≠∂v taml-\-Ir-jvW≥ hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

amXr-̀ m-j-b-S°w a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ F√m-hn[ kzXz-t_m[-

ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ssPhn-I-X-bn¬ \n∂pw ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬ \n∂pw

AI‰n Bghpw ]c-∏p-an-√msX ]pXn-sbmcp a\p-jys\ krjvSn-

°p∂ DØ-cm-[p-\n-I-X-bpsS Pohn-X-]-cn-k-c-sØ-bmWv taml-

\-Ir-jvW≥ Cu _me-]m-T-ß-fn-eqsS t\m°n-°m-Wp-∂-Xv.

Ihn-X-bnse B\ ]nSn-®p-sI-́ m-\m-ImØ {]Ir-Xn-bpsS kzX-

kn-≤-amb ssPhn-I-X-bpsS {]Xo-I-sa-t∂mWw h¿Øn-°p-∂p.

a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ _me-]m-T-ß-fn-te-°mWv Ihn B\sb

sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ aq∂v FbpsS t_m¿Un¬ B\ Xf-

°-s∏-´p. ]nt‰∂v C≥kvs]-Ivj\p h∂ F.C.H ImWp-∂Xv

Nhn´n saXn® s_©n≥ tXm -́am-Wv. hcn™p sI´n-bn´ ssPhn-

IX AXns‚ lnkm-fl-I-amb apJsØ shfn-s∏-SpØn sIm≠v

702019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

tamNn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xmbn Ihn ]d-bp-∂p.

a\p-jys‚ ASn-ÿm\ Poh_nμp-hn\v {]IrXnbn¬sXm´p

sIm≠√msX \ne-\n¬∏n-s√∂t_m[y-amWv B[p-\n-tIm-Ø-

c-X-bpsS ]mcn-ÿn-XnI Ah-t_m[w F∂p]d-bp-∂-Xv. {]IrXn

AXns‚ ]q¿W-X-bn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-∂n-s√∂ Xncn-®-dnhpwIqSn-

bmWv {]kvXpX Ah-t_m-[sØ \n¿W-bn-°p-∂-Xv.

"]e-h¿W-s°mSn' F∂ IhnX Hcp BKÃv ]Xn-\-©nse

kvIqƒ ImgvN-bm-Wv. a\p-jys‚ kzXz-t_m[w AXns‚ Ncn-

{XsØ kq£n-°p∂sXß-s\-sb∂v ChnsS IhnX ImWn®p

Xcp-∂p. BKÃv ]Xn-\-©n¬ kvIqfn¬ \S-°p∂ {]{In-b-Iƒ

{]kvXpX Znh-k-Øns‚ auen-IX H´pw Xs∂ ]men-°p-∂n-

s√∂p am{X-a-√, AsXmcp {]I-S-\-am°n Xo¿°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

"A¿≤-\·w' F∂ Ihn-X-bn-se-Øp-tºm-tg°pw B[p-\n-tIm-

Ø-c-X-bpsS Ncn-{X-t_m[w Xncn-s®-Sp-°m-\m-hmØhn[w \jvS-

s∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂ Xncn-®-dn-hn¬ IhnX {]I-º\wsIm≈p∂p.

ssk_¿ kvs]bvkv a\p-jys\ Ncn-{X-Øn¬\n∂pw ]mc-

º-cy-Øn¬\n∂pw ssPhn-I-X-bn¬\n∂pw am{X-a√ \ne\n¬

°p∂ bmYm¿∞y-Øn¬\n∂pw AS¿Øn-sb-Sp-°p-∂p-. F√m

_‘-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw AS¿∂v a\p-jy≥ XnI®pw kzIm-cy-amb

H∂mbnØocp-∂p-. kzIm-cyX F∂ hm°n\v ChnsS ]pXnb

am\w e`n-°p-∂p. bmYm¿∞y-Øn-t‚bpw hkvXp \njvT-X-bp-

tSbpw temIw ]q¿W-ambn XI-cp-∂p. ta¬hn-emkw C -̨sa-bn¬

sFUn-bmbn amdn-b-tXmsS a\p-jy≥ XnI®pw ]pXn-sbmcp temI-

sØ-bmWv A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp∂-Xv.

Fs‚ cmhp-Iƒ ]I-ep-Iƒ

kz]v\-߃, iq\y-X-Iƒ

Im‰v, Ic-®n¬

Hm¿Ω-Iƒ ad-hn-Iƒ, apdn-hp-Iƒ ˛ F√mw

\ns‚ t]cp sIm≠v km£ sh®n-cn-°p-∂p.

˛ ]m vth¿Uv.

B[p-\n-IX t_m[-]q¿Δw D®m-S\w sNbvXh ]pXnb cq]-

Øn¬ At_m-[-]q¿Δw a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ ̀ mK-ambn Xocp∂

Ime-amWv DØ-cm-[p-\n-I-X-bptSXv. B[p-\n-I-X-bn¬ {]Xy-£-

ambn AkvX-an® PmXnbpw aXhpw AXns‚ F√m-hn[ khn-

ti-j-X-I-fnepw Xncn®p hcp-∂p-sh-∂Xv DØ-cm-[p-\nI Pohn-X-

Øns‚ henb {]Xn-k-‘n-bmbn Xs∂ taml-\-Ir-jvW≥ Ah-

X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p. "cma\pw dlvam\pw' F∂ IhnX aXm-[n-jvTnX

hnZym-e-b-ß-fn-eqsS _me-]m-T-ß-fn-te°v Acn®p Ib-dp∂ aX-

tI-{μo-IrX Nn¥-I-tfmSv Ie-ln-°p-∂p. Xß-fpsS enwK-ß-fn-

712019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

ep≈ hyXymkw icoc {kh-ß-fn-en-s√∂v cma\pw dlvam\pw

Ihn-X-bn¬ Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p. sImtfm-Wn-b-en-k-Øns‚ kZm-Nmc

N´-ßsf IqSn-bmWv ChnsS i‡-ambn IhnX {]Xn-tcm-[n-°p-

∂-Xv.

"AXßv apdn®p If-™mtem' F∂mWv cma\pw dlvam\pw

Xß-fpsS am\-knI kwL¿j-Øns‚ ]cn-lm-c-ambn Is≠-

Øp-∂-Xv. B[p-\n-tIm-Øc kaqltØmSv kwh-Zn®p \n¬°m≥

Ign-bmsX hcp-∂p-sh∂ `b-amWv {]kvXpX hcn-I-fn¬ hy‡-

am-Ip-∂-Xv. taml-\-Ir-jvWs‚ Ihn-X-Isf ka-{K-ambn hne-bn-

cp-Øp-tºmgpw Cu Hcp `b-amWv ImWm-\m-hp-I. Ihn-X-I-fpsS

cmjv{So-b-ambn Cu `bsØ BJym\w sNøm≥ Ihn°v Ign-

bp∂p.

Zfn-Xv-˛-kv{Xo-˛-]-cn-ÿnXn F∂n-ßs\ NnX-dn-sØ-dn® B[p-

\n-tIm-Ø-c-X-bpsS F√mhn[ kmwkvIm-cnI kzXz-cq-]-ß-tfbpw

tN¿Øpsh®mWv taml-\-Ir-jvW≥ Xs‚ Ihn-X-bpsS I¿Ør-

XzsØ \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xv. B I¿ØrXzw hmb-\-bpsS \nanjw

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ cmjv{Sob ]cn-k-c-tØmSv kwh-Zn-°m≥ X°-

hn[w i‡-hp-am-Wv.

CØ-c-Øn¬ DØ-cm-[p-\n-I-X-bpsS cmjv{Sob ]cn-k-csØ

DƒsIm-≈p-∂p-sh-∂Xp sIm≠mWv At±-l-Øns‚ Ihn-X-I-fn¬

BJym-\sØ \nb-{¥n-®p-sIm≠v Hcp kmwkvIm-cnI `bw

{]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-s≠∂v ]d-bm-\m-hp-∂-Xv. hnt[-bXz kz`m-h-

ap≈ tIhe hnIm-c-a√ Cu `bw. adn®v AXv ]pXnb Ime-

Øns‚ a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-ßsf°pdn-®p≈ B[n-bn¬ \n∂m-Wp-

≠m-hp-∂-Xv.

\nkm-c-sa∂v Icp-Xp∂ PohnX coXn-Iƒ°p-≈n¬ B¿°pw

Nn¥n-°m≥t]mepw Ign-bm-Ø{X henb AZr-iy-amb tIm¿∏-

td‰v AP-≠-I-fmWv \S-∏n-em-hp-∂-sX∂v taml-\-Ir-jvWs‚

Ihn-X-Iƒ Is≠-Øp-∂p-≠v. P∑n-Ø-hpw apX-em-fn-Øhpw sNøp-

∂Xpt]mse a\p-jys\ AI‰n \n¿Øp-I-b-√, adn®v ]q¿W-

ambpw Acn-s®-Sp-°p-I-bmWv B[p-\n-tIm-Ø-cX sNøp-∂-sX∂

t_m[y-amWv taml-\-Ir-jvWs‚ Ihn-X-I-fnse `bw F∂p

ImWmw. Cu t_m[yw Hcn-°epw hnt[-b-Xz-s∏-Sp∂ H∂-√.

Pohn-X-Øns‚ k¶o¿W-Xsb Fßs\ kkq£vaw Af-°m-

sa-∂-Xns‚ Af-hp-tIm-em-Wv. F¥v kw`-hn-°p∂p F∂v IrXy-

ambn \nco-£n-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-sSm∏w sXm´-SpØ Ime-Snsb

Fßs\ Dd-∏n°mw F∂p IqSn taml-\-Ir-jvWs‚ IhnX

Nn¥n-°p-∂p.

722019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

IÆS®pXpd°ptºmƒ_nPp Im™ßmSv

sh≈sØm´nen¬

]´phebv°p≈n¬

A¤pXtemIØns‚

hmXn¬ Xpd°p∂

kabambncp∂p AXv

Ihnfn¬ ssI tN¿Øv

Ahs‚ P\\tØtbm

hgnØncnhmb kμ¿`tØtbm

Hm¿sØSp°pIbmbncp∂p

Cu‰papdn

kzImcyX ]camh[n ImØpkq£n®v

Hcp ssI Xebv°v ]ndIn¬tN¿Øv

Ah\Xv Atßb‰w BkzZn®p

sh≈bpSp∏ns‚ ]Xp]Xp∏n¬

Ip™phbdn¬ CSXpssI tN¿Øv

Imsem∂\°n

. IhnX

732019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Xs∂Øs∂bh≥

{]ISn∏n®p

]´phebpsS Ikhn¬

hncsem∂v tIm¿Øv

as‰mcp temIØnse∂t]mse

DdßnØocmØ Dd°sØ

IÆn\p]ndInte°v hen®v

FgpXs∏Sm\ncn°p∂

Ahs‚ Ncn{XsØ

au\ambn hmbn®pXpSßo

Ahƒ.

* IS∏mSv: {^©v Nn{XImcnbmb Berthe Morisat s‚ The Cradle (1872).

742019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

inincwAkow Xm∂n-aqSv

Ce-s]m-gn-™p-ho˛

gp∂Xp Im¨I-bm˛

W[n-I-t\-c-am˛

sbs‚ \ncm-i-Iƒ.

Hcp ac-a˛

√t\-I-a-c-ß-fm¬

\n_n-U-am-sWs‚

hoSn-\-tß-∏pdw.

]pg-sbm-sc-Æ-ap˛

s≠mØ \Sp-hn-embv

Pe-hn-Xm-\-Øn˛

seØn-t\m°pw ]I¬.

ac-sam-gn-bp∂

k¶-S-Øn¬ Nne˛

sXgp-Xn-h-bv°m-s\m-cp-ßp∂p ]mgne,

]pg \nh¿Øn-h˛

®ps≈mcm XmƒI-fn¬.

. IhnX

752019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Pe-an-f-In-b˛

sXms°bpw ambvs°, Rm≥

]cn-`-h-tØm-S˛

Xm™p-t\m-°m≥Xp-\n˛

™nhnsS \n¬s°-bm˛

Wns∏m-gpw...

Im‰n-sem˛

cne-\n-]-Xn®p

\ocn-em-gp-∂-t]m¬.

inJ-c-sat¥m

ad-®p-h-bv°p-∂-t]m¬.

762019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Hcp Nnen-b≥alm-I-hn-bpsSkXy-hm-Mvaqewalm-Ihn duƒ

kzX{¥ samgnam‰w: hn.-]n.-tPm¨kv

ISep Xn∂n-sX≥ {]Ya Imhym-¶pcw

IcpWtb-imØ Xnc-Iƒ Ic-ß-fm¬

BIp-e≥ Ihn duƒ kpcn-X-tbm-Xp∂p

Bfl-c‡w sIms≠-gp-Xnb Ihn-X-bn¬

lrZ-b-I-Tn-\¿ Fdn-™nXp \njvIr]w

Bgn-X≥ Bg-Øn-te-bvs°s‚ Ihn-Xsb

GI-im-k-\-\mb ]nt\m-jy-X≥

Gdm≥aq-fn-Iƒ Im´p-sN-∂m-b-Iƒ

Gsd Imayw bph-Xz-Im-e-ß-fn¬

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772019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

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]mXn tNmc ]qØoSpw Ic-bnepw

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hnP-b-]o-T-a-Wbpw P\-XXn!

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782019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

thS-̀ m-cXwF.-sI. inh-Zm-k≥

""hmc -Wm -h -X -Ønse Ac-°n√w Xßsf

sIm√m≥ Zptcym-[-\\pw kwLhpw a\-]q¿Δw D≠m-

°nb Hcp sIWn-bm-sW∂v Xncn-®-dn™ ]mfih¿

AXn¬\n∂pw c£-s∏-Sp -hm-\p≈ X{¥-߃

Btem-Nn-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßn. Aß-s\-bmWv A∂v

B kZy \S-∂-Xv.''

a√n

Cs∂s¥ms°bmWv kw`hn®Xv.

Hm¿Øm¬ Hcp kz]v\w t]mep≠v.

hmcWmhXØnte°v hcptºmƒ Cßs\ h√Xpw Nn¥n

®ncpt∂m.

Bdp hbdpIƒ°v Hcp t\cw \nd®pÆmsa∂Xnt\°mfpw

henb kz]v\sam∂pw X߃°n√t√m.

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sa∂p ]d™ncn°p∂p Xºpcm´n.

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hgnIfn¬ t]mepw A¶emt∏msS IS∂p sN√m≥ hn[n°

. IY

792019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

s∏´h¿°v C∂v sIm´mcØn¬ Hcp apdn. Ign°m≥ a[pc]e

lmc߃. IpSn°m≥ IpSw IW°n\v aZnc.

Ft¥ Xºpcm´n°v Cßs\sbms° tXm∂m≥. Xms\mcp

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ImWpambncn°pw AhcptSXmb k¶S߃.

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AdnbmsX sN∂v IbdnbXmWv. Ip´nIft√. F¥dn™n´mWv.

AXn\mWv B Imh¬°mc≥ Ip¥°mev \o´n AhcpsS

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]nt≈cv aXn¬°IØv IS∂Xv Xºpcm´n Adn™ncn°ptam.

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hcpØn®p.

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thZ\n°p∂p. Cu sIm´mcØnse AΩ°pap≠v c≠nc´

802019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

°p´nIƒ. Xs∂bpw kZs\bpw t]mse. aqØ tN´≥amcpsS

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cpsS ImXpIfnse ImXn¬ ]qhpIƒ°v Fs¥mcp `wKnbmWv.

DSpØncn°p∂hbv°v Fs¥mcp \ndw. B AΩ kvt\ltØm

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Ωsb t]mse \√hcpw.

kZ≥

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cm{Xnbnte D≈q. \msf t]mImsa∂mWv Cu sIm´mcØnse

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°m≥ ]d™mtem. F¶n¬ Im´nse hntij߃ Ah¿°v

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Iq´pIqSptam.

tem]≥

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t]mse t]mIs´. X߃°mbn Im´nsemcp sIm´mcw thWw.

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amcpsS sI´p Ignbpw. tN´≥am¿ sI´msX \n¬s° B IpSn-

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812019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

H∂pW¿∂p t]mbn. \oe sRcºpIƒ sXfn™p ImWp∂

ssIØ≠bnte°v tNmc IpXn®p h∂p. F{X \mfmbn Hcp

abn¬ Icbp∂Xv tI´n´v. ag s]ømØ Im´nse h‰nt∏mb

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tØSntbm. AXns‚ Ic®nen¬ sXfnbp∂sX¥v. Imam¿

Øntbm, hnjmZtam.

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sh®v HSphn¬ Is≠Øn.

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Ah≥.

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t\mfw Db¿Øn H∂p IqSn Dd∏n®p.

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Hcp hoPnKojphmbn sN∂v abnens‚ PUw Imen¬Øq°n

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\n¬°pIbmbncp∂p. BcnXv i{Xpthm.

kw{`an®v Np‰pw t\m°n. Ipe® hn√v Pm{KtXmsS ]nSn®p.

]n∂neXm \ndsb ]qØ hmIacØns‚ ]n∂nsemcp hf

Inep°w.

Bcv Hcp s]tÆm. Hcp ]qh≥ abnens‚ IÆn¬ icsabvXp

sIm≈n°m≥ am{Xw anSp°nbmb Hcp thSØntbm.

]Xnsb Ahƒ ]pdtØ°p h∂p. Acbpw amdpw ads®m

scm‰t®e. Cfshbnen¬ Xnfßp∂ aq°ps]m´pIƒ. AWn

hbtdmfw sNs∂Øp∂ amdnse If¶mbv ame. A\ßptºmƒ

InepInse Nncn®v Ccp ssIIfnepw apt´mfsaØp∂ hfIƒ.

Im¬hÆbn¬ DΩshbv°p∂ Im¬ØfIƒ.

s]tÆ \ns‚ IpSnsbhnsS.

Ahƒ Ing°≥ ae°∏pdtØ°v ssINq≠n.

t]tcm.

Ip©n.

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ØXns‚ hdpXn Adn™n´n√. Ahƒ \\hmbncp∂p. hni

°ptºmƒ kar≤nbmbncp∂p.

822019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Nnet∏mƒ Im´nseºmSpw {]WbamsW∂p tXm∂pw. aZKP

ßfpsS IqØv Xmsg. tase sIm°pcpΩp∂ CW°pcphnIƒ.

AhtfmSv ]d™n´p≠v. sImdhbpsS IpºnS¬ Ign™m¬

sI v́. X߃°p≈ sIm´mcw sI´m\p≈ apfbpw Cudbpw ]p√p

sa√mw ASp∏n°Ww. AXn\nSbnemWv Cu bm{X. F¥n\m

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Hcmƒ. hn√v Ipe®v Xgºp≈ ssI. kq£vaamb IÆpIƒ.

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amb≥

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tN´\v H´pw Xmev]cyap≠mbncp∂n√. AΩ°v A¿≤a\ m

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ag s]bvXn´n√. Im¿taL߃ IcpØp Im´n BImitaem

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amwkw I≠p In´mt\ C√. Im´phmknIƒ Hmtcm Iq´ambn

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Nn√bpw am{XamWhnsS. bm{X ]dbptºmƒ Nn√ IcbpIbmbn

cp∂p. apJw hmSnØf¿∂ncp∂p. C\n F∂mWv Xncn®p hcnI.

aes¶m‰°v KpcpXn Ign®m¬ im]samgn bpsa∂mWv. Ign™

sIm√hpw Ign®Xt√ KpcpXn. C\nbpw ImØp \n¬°m≥ høm

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s\∂v ]d™ns´¥p Imcyw. \m´n¬ shdpw thS≥. kZy

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]d®nepIƒ Xm\pw tI´p. Cht\t∏mse ]Ømfp h∂m¬

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aessZhßsf hni∂ncn°p∂ Fs‚ s]Æv. NndIp≠mbncp

s∂¶n¬ hnfºnbX{Xbpw FSpØv ]dt∂s\. Hmtcm Dcpf

832019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

bmbn FSpØv Ahsf Du´ntbs\. aes¶mddn F{XImew

NXn°pw. Cs°m√w ag s]bvtX°pw ho≠pw Im´cphnIƒ

apØpaWnIfpXn¿Øv Nncn°pw. ImSndßnt∏mb ]pgao\pIƒ

Im´cphnIfnte°v hncp∂p hcpw. At∏mƒ Im´nte°v Xs∂

Xncn®p sN√Ww. ImSq´p∂Xv t]mse \mSq´n√. ChnsS F√mw

`n£bmWv. AhnsS F√mw AhImiamWv. Im´nchn¬ CeIƒ

°nSbneqSq¿∂phngp∂ \nemhns‚ kuμcyw Cu sIm´mc

taem∏nse Xq°phnf °pIƒ°n√. Cu sIm´mcØnepw

Xt∂s∏mse Hcp a√\p≠v, AbmfpsS IÆpIƒ Xs‚ icoc

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t]mc F∂mWv tXm∂p∂Xv.

[o]≥

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Ffp∏w hngpßpw.

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Ah¿ B¿Ø´lkn®p Nncn°p∂p. ssIøn¬ Bfn°Øp∂

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apdn°Iw \ndsb ]pIbmWv. B Xºpcm´nbpw cmPIpamc≥amcp

sahntS. AΩbpw A\pP≥amcpsahntS. Btcm Hcmƒ ]¥hp

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Imbt\m. Ah¿ Xs∂ AhcpsS sIm´mcØn\v Xo shbv°p

Itbm. NXn. sImSpw NXn. ]t£ F¥n\v. s]m≈p∂ XobpsS

NqSv Np‰pw Bfn∏Scp∂p. AΩbptSbpw A\pP≥amcptSbpw

\nehnfn tIƒ°p∂p. ImgvN aßp∂p. icocw sh¥p \odp∂p.

ImXn¬ X∏ns‚ {ZpXXmfw apgßp∂p. A∏m s]mdp°sW.

AΩtbbpw CfbØpßtfbpw Im°m≥ Cubp≈h

\mbn√t√m. aes¶m‰sb \o XpW.

852019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

hoUn-tbm-tIm¨{^≥kv{ioeX

Cu P≥a-Ønse Imgv®-I-sf√mw I≠p aXn-bmtb Fs∂mcp

\n»_vZ {]kvXm-h-\-tbmsS t{UmbnwKv dqanse iø-bn¬ A—≥

\n»_vZ\mbn IÆ-S®v InS-∂p. A—\v \∂mbn XWp-Øncp∂p.

"InS-°p-∂Xv I≠n-t√. Fs¥ms° I≠o-j\pI-fm-bn-cp-∂p.

ChnsS InS-Ø-cp-Xv. AhnsS thWw InS-Øm≥. Ct∏m H∂qey

]d-bm≥...'

aqØ acp-a-I≥ a\- n¬ ]d-™p.

FtXym-]y-bn¬ A≤ym-]-I-\mb GI-a-I\v hcm≥ \nh¿Øn-

bn-√. IpSpw-_-k-taXw A—s\ h∂p I≠v t]mbn v́ c≠mgv®bm-

bnt´ D≈q.

"Fs‚ a\- n¬ A—s‚ Nncn-°p-∂, h¿Ø-am\w ]d-bp∂

apJw aXn.'

kvam¿´v t^m¨ aIs‚ ktμiw th≠-s∏-´-h-cn-te-bvs°-

Øn-®p.

"icn-bm. F∂p-sa∂pw HmSn hcm≥ hbvt°ym. C\nt∏m

h∂n´pw Imcy-an-√-t√m.'

_lp-P\w samgn-™p.

. IY

862019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

AΩ tXßn, Cu InS∏v InS-°p-∂Xv Fs‚ tam≥ ImW-≠.

...Cs∂-\n°v aXnbm-thmfw D-d-ß-Ww. F{X \mfmbn H∂v

sNmΔn-\p-d-ßn-bn-´v. ]mdm-sh-\n-°m-bn-cp-∂-t√m. Cfb acp-a-I≥

Biz-kn-®p.

a\- n-emWv ]d-™-sX-¶nepw B hm°p-Iƒ Abm-fpsS

`mcy,A-—s‚ Cfb aIƒ, IrXy-ambn tI´p. Ahƒ I≈-Øcw

]nSn In´n F∂ a´n¬ `¿Øm-hns\ B Ah-ÿ-bnepw Xpdn®p

t\m°n. aqØ aIƒ Bscbpw F\n°v ImW≠ F∂ a´n¬

IÆ-S®v InS-∂p.

CS°v tXßn.

F‚-—m..

CsXm∂pw tIƒ°msX A—≥ \n¿hn-Im-c-\mbn InS-∂p.

aqØ acp-a-I≥ ap´ hncn™ndßnb tImgn°p™n-s\-t∏mse

sNdn-b, sIm°p∂ s]´Iw ImXn¬ tN¿Øv ]pd-tØ-°n-d-ßn.

"ltem Afn-bm, F¥m.. ]d-bv...'

"tUm≠v hdn, AXn-\mtWm C°m-eØv {]bm-kw. hgn-bp-

≠m°mw.'

Abmƒ ap‰Øv Atßm-´p-an-tßm´pw \S-∂p. FtXym-]ym-bn-

te°v \n¿t±-i-߃ kvam¿´mbn ]d-∂p.

""Afnb≥ hnj-an-°-≠. CXv UnPn-‰¬ bpK-a-t√. t]m°-

‰n¬ Xp´pw Iøn¬ kvam¿ v́ t^mWpw Ds≠-¶n¬ F¥m sNøm≥

Ign-bm-Xn-cn-°ym.''

Abm-fpsS \mhv hm°p-Iƒ IpS-™n-´p.

"AhnsS Hcp ]qPm-cnsb In´ptam F∂v t\m°v. _vfm°v

amPn-°n-s\ms° Ip{]-kn≤n t\Snb ÿe-at√. \ΩpsS \m´o∂v

t]mb-h¿ Xs∂-bp-≠t√m Bscm-s°-tbm.'

........

""Ct√... B.. Cs√-¶nepw kmc-ey, hgn-≠m-°mw-t∂.''

.......

an\n-‰p-Iƒ aWn-°q-dm-bn.

Ipfn-∏n-°-t≠.

B¿t°m ipNn-Xz-t_m[w ISp-Øp.

tUmIvS-dpsS \n¿t±iw Cfb aIƒ Adn-bn-®p.

Imcy-°m-cmbn hne-km≥ \n∂ Nne apJ-ßfn¬ kznt®m-̂ n¬

_ƒ_v sISp-tºmse {]` aßn.

{Km≥]mbv°v tImƒUv ]nSn-t°ym.

Cf-b-h-fpsS aq∂n¬ ]Tn-bv°p∂ aI≥ tNmZn-®p.

B tNmZyw DØ-c-Øn\p th≠n Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cpsS sNhn-hm-

Xn¬°epw ap´n HSp°w Ahs‚ hmbn-te°p Xs∂ Xncn-

872019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

s®Øn. DØcw In´mØ tNmZysØ Hcp NyqbnwKv KsØ

Ft∂mWw XncnsI hmbnen-´-h≥ \pW-™p.

D≈w-ssI-bnse tImgn°p™n-s‚ ImXn-te°v hm°p-Iƒ

IpS-™n´v Xo¿∂n-cp-∂n√ acp-a-I-\v.

Ft¥..-B-scbpw In´m-\n-t√.. t\m t{]m_vfw. hgn-bp-≠m-°mw.

]®-cn-bn-t√... Ipd®v ]q.. sX®n-∏q-hm-bm¬ DØ-aw. Xpf-kn...

\ΩpsS Xpf-kn-tb... D≠m-hpw-t∂..

ASp-Ø-bnsS ]p\-cp-≤m-cWw \SØn kvam¿´mb Aº-e-

Ønse ]qPmcn cmhn-esØ ]qP Ign™v \S-b-S®v h∂p.

Igp-Øn¬ cp{Zm£w sI´nb aWn-am-e, Hmtcm Iøn-tebpw

apΩq∂v hncepI-fn¬ I√p sh® kz¿Æ-tam-Xn-c-߃. CSXv aWn-

_-‘-Øn¬ kz¿Æ-®-ß-e, he-tØ-Xn¬ c£...

IpS-h-b-dns‚ ieyw ImcWw Ccn∏v Ãq-fn-em-°nb {ioams‚

\n¿t±-im-\p-k-cWw ap∂n¬ Hcp Ip™ptai CS-s∏-´p.

Xt≠msS apdn® hmg-bne hncn-®p.

tImSn°k-hp-ap-≠pw j¿´p-an´, `kva-N-μ-\-ß-f-Wn™

A—s\ Z¿ -̀∏p-√n-s‚ saØ-bn¬ ]qPm-cn-bpsS ap∂n¬ InS-Øn.

Acp-tX Acp-tX. F\n-s°m∂pw ]‰n-bn-´n-√, Hcp Xf¿®..

A{X-am-{Xw.

A—≥ hne-°n-sb-¶nepw Bcpw tI´ a´v sh®n-√.

A—s‚ Ime‰sØ Ãqfn¬ Hcp em∏vtSm-∏v hm Xpd-°m≥

Gams‚ \n¿t±iw Im°p∂ ASn-a-sb-t∏mse Ccp-∂p.

as‰√m dn´-tb¿Uv F≥.-Pn.H amtcbpw t]mse- A—\pw apJ-

]p-kvX-I-Ønepw F¥m-∏nepw hf™ Ipg-enepw Ccp-]-Øn-\m-

ens\ ]¶p sh®v sh´n- sh´n Ifn®ncp-∂p. B Ifn-bn-eqsS

t\cw-t]m°n\p ]pdta Adnhpw e`n-°p-∂-Xmbn Xß-fpsS IqSn-

t®-c¬ t\c-ß-fn¬ ]c-kv]cw ]d™v A`n-am-\n-°p-Ibpw,

Bcms‚ kzIm-cy-X-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ s]mXphn⁄m\w h¿≤n-

°p-∂-Xmbn clky-ambn Al-¶-cn-°p-Ibpw

Xß-fm¬ Bhp-∂Xp t]mse Ime-l-c-W-s∏´ ^en-X-߃

t]m-Ãp-Ibpw

sse°p-Iƒ hcp-∂n-s√∂v ImWp-tºmƒ sUeo‰v sNøp-Ibpw,

Iptd sse°pw Ia-‚pw ImWp∂ Znhkw P≥aw km¿∞-I-

ambn F∂-`n-am-\n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.

c≠m-a≥ A—-t\bpw ]qPm-cn-tbbpw t\¿tc-J-bn¬ t^m° v

sNbvXv em∏ns‚ Iymad Hm¨ sNbvXp.

]IpXn Hm¿tΩ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p≈q F¶nepw ]m vthUp-I-ƒ

I√o-s°mØy t]met√ Im¿t∂m-cpsS a\- o-s°-S-∂n-cp-t∂.

C\n thWw aq∏-cpsS eoem-hn-em-k-ß-sfms° H∂v ImWm≥.

882019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

A—≥ kZvKp-W-k-º-∂≥, Cubp-t≈m≥ sXΩm-Sn, F∂m-Wt√m

Ah-fpsS ÿncw ]cm-Xn. ImWn®p sImSp°mw Xt¥sS X\n-

\n-dw.

Abmƒ a\- n-emWv ]d-™sX-¶nepw a\ v hmbn-°p-∂-

Xn¬ Akm-am\y ]mShw Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cp∂ Abm-fpsS `mcy

Xncn-®-Sn-®Xv a\- nemsW-¶nepw Abmƒ°v IrXy-ambn tIƒ

°m≥ Ign-™p.

\S-∂-X-s∂. A—s\ \n߃ t{Im v sNbvX-∏tg Rm≥

]m vthUv am‰n-bn-cp-∂p. A—s‚ A°u-≠p-Iƒ D≠m-°n-bn-

cp-∂Xv Rm\m-sW∂v \n߃°-dn-bn√t√m.

Abmƒ t^mWns‚ auØv ]okn-te°v t\m°n Kmw`o-cy-

tØmsS samgn-™p.

C\n Afn-b≥ B kvssIs∏m∂v HmWm-°q.

Xncn™v ]qPm-cn-tbmSv Bh-iy-s∏-´p.

Ãm¿´v.....

892019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

"ssk_¿ hml\Øn¬kl{km–߃°vA∏pdtØ°v'"kpK‘n' F∂ "B≠mƒtZh\mbIn'˛Hcp ]T\wF≥.-sI. joe

"k¶ev] hmbp hnam\w' t]mse IYmImc\v Imeßfnte°p

k©cn°m≥ ssk_¿ CSßsf D]tbmKn°p∂ ]pØ≥

BJym\kwkvImcØns‚ hnPbamXrIbmbn amdp∂p

Sn.Un.cmaIrjvWs‚ "kpK‘n F∂ B≠mƒ tZh\mbIn'

F∂ t\mh¬. C‚¿s\‰v, C-sabn¬, sh_v t]Pv XpSßn

ssk_¿ hml\ßfntedn Aßv kl{km–߃°∏pd

tØ°pw Cßv 21-mw \q‰m≠nte°pw amdn amdn k©cn°p∂

IYmX¥phn¬ \n lmbXbn¬\n∂v Dcphw sNøp∂ hnπh

Øns‚ s]mXpCSw Is≠ØpIbmWv t\mhenÃv. t\mhens‚

hnjbsshhn[ysØ BJym\amXrIbpsS ]pXpasIm≠v

t\mhenÃv hnPbIcambn t\cnSp∂p. Imeka\zbØn\v

hnjb]cambn kv{XobpsS hnπhmKv\nbpw cq]]cambn

902019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

ssk_¿ km[yXbpw t\mhenÃv tNtXmlcambv D]tbmK

s∏SpØp∂p.

i‡amb kl\Øn¬\n∂pw Bew_an√mØ \n lmb

Xbn¬\n∂pw hnπhw cq]saSp°p∂p. Cusbmcp bmYm¿∞y

Øns‚ shfn®Øn¬ kl{km–ßfpsS hnShp≈ PohnX

ßsf hnπhsa∂ H‰®cSn¬ kmIpXw hn\ykn®p ^en∏n

°p∂ cN\mX{¥amWv "kpK‘n F∂ B≠mƒ tZh\mbIn'

\evIp∂ ]pXpa. F¬.Sn.Sn.C.bpsS ]X\Øn\ptijap≈

{ioe¶. {ioe¶≥ k¿°mcns‚ klmbtØmsS {Sm≥kv \mj

W¬ ]nIvtNgvkv \n¿Ωn°p∂ "hpa¨ _nssl≥Uv Zn ^mƒ

Hm^v ssStKgvkv' F∂ kn\nabpsS kv{In]v‰v Xømdm°ms\

Ønb ]o‰¿ inhm\μsa∂ IYm]m{XØneqsSbmWv B IY

BJym\w sNøs∏Sp∂Xv. kn\nabv°p≈ D]m[nIƒ tXSn

bp≈ Ae®nen¬ \mbI≥ I≠pap´p∂ Hmtcm IYm]m{X

ßfpw t\mhens\ kv{Xo i‡nbpsS hymJym\am°p∂p. IY

tXSm≥ D]tbmKn°p∂ ssk_¿ km[yXIƒ t\mhens\

Hcp ]pXnb BJym\ amXrIbnte°v Db¿Øp∂p. kn\nabnse

IYm]m{Xamb cP\n XncWKmasb \Sn°m≥ Xs‚ ]gb

kplrØmb Cug t]mcmfn kpK‘nsb tXSn sNs∂Øp∂Xv

a[yIme {ioe¶≥ Ncn{XØnte°mWv. Ncn{Xhpw anØpw

CSIe¿∂v InS°p∂ amkvacnIXbnte°v. "Hcp Im¬ knKncn

bbnte°pw at‰ Im¬ {io]mZØnepwsh®v e¶bpsS apIfn

eqsS \S°p∂ kpK‘n'sb t]mse Hcp Im¬ 21-mw \q‰m≠nse

{ioe¶≥ Ncn{XØnepw at‰Im¬ a[yIme tNmf ImeL´

Ønepw Dd∏n®v \nesIm≈pIbmWv t\mhenÃv. Ncn{Xhpw

anØpw CSIe¿∂ {]mNo\Xbn¬ 21-mw \q‰m≠ns‚ {ioe¶≥

Ncn{Xmwißfpw Iev]\bpw tN¿Øv Icn°n¬ aZyw tN¿°pw

t]mse Hcp amkvacnIX kr„n°m≥ FgpØpImc\v Ignbp

∂p≠v. IY-Imcyw, anØv-, bmYm¿∞yw, {]Wbw,-- hnπhw F∂n

ßs\bp≈ AXn¿hcºpIƒ BkzmZ\Øns‚ aesh≈

∏m®nen¬ Aen™n√mXmIp∂ A]q¿ΔX t\mhen¬

Z¿in°mw. ÿeIme߃ bYm¿∞hpw AXn¬ hn\ykn®n

cn°p∂ IY `mh\mflIhpamWv. Ncn{XØntem h¿Øam\

Øntem Pohn®ncn°p∂ bYm¿∞ a\pjycpambn kw`h߃

]¶psh°p∂ IYm]m{X߃ CXv t\mhen\v \¬Ip∂ hnjb

]camb B¿÷hXzw- kwkmc`mj t\mh¬ `mjbn¬ k∂n

thin∏n°pwt]mse i‡amWv. cP\n XncWKma, hn.]n.knwKv,

cmPohvKm‘n, hn.]n. {]`mIc≥, cP\oIm¥v, Iaelmk≥,

_mepatl{μ, ekm¥ hn{IaXpwK, aloμ, Nn¥\, cmP

912019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

]Ivsk, cmPcmP tNmf≥, cmtP{μ tNmf≥ XpSßnbhsc

Ipdn®p≈ ]cma¿ißfpw IYmhnjbØnte°p≈ {]thi

\hpw IY°v BkzmZI≥ kzbadnbmsX Hcp B[nImcnIX

AwKoIcn®p sImSp°p∂p. 21-mw \q‰m≠n‚ IYmcw`Øn¬

\n∂pw kl{km–߃°papºp≈ IYbnte°v- apØ»n°Y

t]mse ]pcmX\amb IYm{]]©Ønte°v BkzmZIsc

FØn°p∂XmIt´, XnI®pw B[p\nIamb ssk_¿ hml\

Øn¬. C-sabnepw sh_v t]Ppw C‚¿s\‰pw Hm¨sse≥ en¶pw

IYmX¥phns\ H∂n¬\n∂pw as‰m∂ntes°Øn°p∂

kwhmlIcmbn am‰p∂p. Sn.Un. cmaIrjvWs‚ t\mhepIfn¬

s]mXpsh I≠phcp∂ Nne kam\XIƒ "kpK‘n F∂

B≠mƒ tZh\mbIn'bnepw A\p`hthZyamIp∂p≠v. AS

ßmØ Ncn{XIuXpIw, At\zjW]cX, kmwkvImcnIamb

Nne ZpcqlXIƒ hnh¿Ø\w sNøp∂Xn¬ ]pe¿Øp∂ Nne

B[nImcnI \mSy߃. tImcbv°p sImSp°¬ ({^m≥kn\v

C´nt°mc), AcØmen (kpK‘n F∂ B≠mƒ tZh\mbIn)

AhnShnsS A\mhcWw sNøp∂ ]cnWmaKp]vXnIƒ,

hmkvXpinev]n bpsS ̀ mh\ (sIm´mc߃, ]oU\ tI{μ߃,

tZh\mbInbpsS a©¬). thZ\bpsS ]mcayØn¬ \n lmb

XbpsS sImSpapSnbn¬ Ccsb ]cphs∏SpØp∂ in£W

Øns‚ ]oUnXapJw shfnhm°p∂ hmMvab Nn{X߃, kv{Xo,

icocØns‚ km[yXIfn¬ \n∂v i‡n kzcq]n°p∂ A\p

`hßfpsS BhnjvImcw; kzmX{¥yØns‚, Xt‚SØns‚

IuießfpsS dnkvs°Sp°epIfpsS Hs° km[yXIfnte°v

kv{Xo \n wibw hfcp∂Xns‚ amXrIIƒ. Chsb√mw Sn.Un.

cmaIrjvWs‚ t\mhepIfnse s]mXp[mcbmbn Is≠Ømw.

t\mhense kv{Xo]£w

A]am\Øns‚ sImSpapSnbn¬ kl\Øns‚ ]mcayØn¬

\n lmbXs°mSphn¬ hkv{Xmt£]Øn\pw Km‘mco hnem

]Øn\pw tijw kv{XobpsS kwlmci‡n bmZhIpesØ

ap®qSpw apSn°p∂p. "kpK‘n F∂ B≠mƒ tZh\mbIn' F∂

t\mheneqsS Sn.Un cmaIrjvW≥ {ioe¶≥ ]›mØe

Øn¬\n∂psIm≠v kw`hman bptK bptK F∂p \sΩ

Hm¿Ωn∏n°p∂p. 2009se B`y¥cbp≤Øn\ptijw "kpkm\

kp]n\' F∂v hntijn∏n°mhp∂ {ioe¶≥ ̀ qanIbn¬ Pbn®v

A[nImcamfnbhcpsS hngp∏e°epw AKv\nip≤n hcpØm

\p≈ {iahpw Hcp ̀ mKØv, adp`mKØv Nhnt´‰v A]am\nXcmb

922019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

kv{XoIfpsS _p≤n]camb Dbn¿sØgpt∂ev]pw kwlmcmfl

IXbnte°p≈ hf¿®bpw kakyIƒ Bbn BhnjvIcn

°p∂p. AkvXabm\¥cw ]ns∂bpw _m°nbm Ip∂ km‘y

tim` t]mse F√m hnπhhnPb߃°ptijw kam[m\w

]p\:ÿm]n®p F∂p IcpXptºmgpw ]ns∂bpw hnπhw _m°n

bmIp∂p F∂Xns‚ km[qIcWw IqSnbmWv Cu t\mh¬.

XnI®pw kv{Xo°cpØns‚ BJym\w!

{ioe¶≥ k¿°mcns‚ klmbtØmsS {Sm≥kv \mjvW¬

]nIvtNgvkv \n¿Ωn°p∂ "hpa¨ _nssl≥Uv Zn ^mƒ Hm^v

ssStKgvkv' F∂ kn\nabpsS kv{In]v‰v Xømdm°ms\Ønb

]o‰¿ Pohm\μsa∂ IYm]m{XØneqsSbmWv IY BJym\w

sNøs∏Sp∂Xv-. t\mhenÃpw IYm\mbI\pw ]pcpj\mbncn

°ptºmgpw IY XnI®pw kv{Xo]£w F∂Xnt\°mƒ kv{Xo

IcpØns‚ BhnjvImcamIp∂p. Bibw, BImcw, hnImcw,

hnNmcw Chsb√mw IcpØm°nam‰n F√m ASn®a¿Ø

epIfn¬ \n∂pw Ahtlf\Øns‚ ]mcayØn¬\n∂pw

"^n\nIvkv ]£n'sb t]mse ]d∂pbcp∂ s]¨IcpØns‚

BteJ\w. Nne kv{Xo IYm]m{Xßsfbpw t\m°pI.

"{ioe¶≥ XShn¬ InS∂pt]mepw arKimebnse Ccpºgn

Iƒ°p≈n¬ ASbv°s∏´ s]¨]pensbt∏mse ISpØ Ah

⁄tbmsSbpw ]p—tØmsSbpw t\m°p∂ Xansgmen F∂

hnSpXsse Iam≥U¿. "Nmcn{Xyw Ih¿∂hs\ Ncn{X'am°n

°fbp∂ ]qhWn sk¬h\mbIw. kv{XobpsS Nmcn{XysØ

kwc£n°pI F∂ hymtP\ AhfpsS kzmX{¥ysØ ]q¿Æ

ambn \ntj[n°p∂ \ne]mSpItfmSv t\cns´Xn¿Øv c‡

km£nbmIp∂ cP\n XncWKma AcpXmbvaIƒ°pt\sc ssI

tømßn {Iqc]oU\w G‰phmßn hncq]nbmbv ImWmadbØp

Ign™v i‡n kw`cn®v kwlmcXmfih amSm≥ Xncn

s®Øp∂ kpK‘n F∂ Cb°Ønse s]¨t]mcmfn,

F∂m¬ t\mhense s]¨IcpØns‚ dnk¿thmbdmbn

h¿Øn°p∂Xv "kpK‘n F∂ B≠mƒ tZh\mbIn'bmWv.

]oUnXbmbn at\m_ew \„s∏´ kpK‘n F∂ s]¨

t]mcmfn°v k¿Δhpw \„s∏´v h\hmkw A\p`hn°p∂

]mfih¿°v \fIY F∂ t]mse AΩ tZh\mbInbpsS

IY ]d™p sImSp°p∂p. i‡nbm¿Pn®v Xncn®phcm\p≈

D]m[nbmbmWv tZh\mbInbpsS IY AhXcn∏n°s∏Sp∂Xv.

tZh\mbInbpsS hf¿® Cßs\bmWv AhXcn∏n°s∏Sp

∂Xv. FXn¿Øm¬ Pbn°mØ bp≤Øn\v CdßcpsX∂pw

\bØn¬\n∂v am\yamb ÿm\w Dd∏n°pIbmWv th≠Xv

932019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

F∂pNn¥n®v tNccmPmhns‚ ]Xv\nbmIp∂p. kv{Xosb Ac

Ømenbn¬ apdp°p∂ cmPmhns\ ]cnlkn°p∂p. A[nImc

amWv s]Æns\ kz¥am°m\p≈ AhImisa¶n¬ `¿Øm

hns\ sIm∂v A[nImcta‰ tNmf cmPmhns\ thƒ°p∂Xn¬

kmwKXyw Is≠Øp∂p. Hmtcm bp≤w Ign™v hcptºmgpw

]pXnb amtZhnsb sIm≠phcp∂ cmPcmP tNmfs\ cmP

]p{X\mb cmtP{μtNmfs‚ ]Xv\o ]Zw kzoIcn®v tXmev]n

°p∂p. aIsf sIm∂ alo{μs\ tNmf cmPmhns‚ XShpImc

\m°p∂p. \nim¶h{Pt\mSv tN¿∂v Xm{¥oIm\pjvTm\ßfn

eqsS ⁄mt\mZbw t\Sp∂p. Cßs\ ]Sn]Snbmbn hf¿∂v

ImaØns\ Imaw sIms≠∂t]mse lnwksb Nnet∏mƒ

lnwksImt≠ Pbn°m≥ Ignbq F∂ henb ⁄m\Øn

seØnt®cp∂p B≠mƒ tZh\mbIn. "s]Æns‚ IÆp\o¿

hogp∂nSsØ√mw HmSnsbtØ≠nhcpw sX‰psNøp∂hcpsS

\Kc߃ Nps´cnt°≠nhcpw F∂v tZh\mbIntbmsSm∏w

kpK‘n F∂ Cugt∏mcmfnbpw ZrV\n›bw FSp°pwhn[w

i‡amWv Cu IYm]m{Xw.

t\mhense ]pcpj IYm]m{X߃t]mepw kwkmcn

°p∂Xv kv{Xo ]£Øp\n∂mWv. "F√m bp≤ßfpw s]Æns\

Xnscbp≈ bp≤ßfmWv. bp≤ßfn¬ G‰hpw A[nIw ZpcnX

a\p`hn°p∂Xv kv{XoIfmWv. am\knIambpw imcocnIambpw

ssewKoIambpw kv{XoIƒ {Iqcambn ]oUn∏n°s∏SpIbmWv'

F∂v hmZn°p∂Xv {InÃn F∂ ]pcpj IYm]m{XamWv. Ft∏m

sgms° tZh\mbInbnse kv{Xo hna¿i\Øn\v hnt[b

amIm≥ km[yXbpt≠m AhnsSsb√mw {io h√`_p≤\mƒ

Ahsc \ymboIcn°p∂p≠v. atl{μ h¿Ω≥ sIm√s∏´t∏mƒ

sImebmfnsb `¿Ømhmbn kzoIcn°p∂ kpK‘nsb

"s]sÆmcp ]pgbmWv Ft∏mgpw HgpIm≥ sImXn°p∂ ]pg'

Cßs\ km[qIcn°p∂p. as‰mcnSØv ImasØ Bbp[

am°p∂ kpK‘ntbmSv \ockw tXm∂mXncn°m≥ "a\pjy≥

Ft∏mgpw At\zjn°p∂Xv B\μamWv. ImaamWv B\μØn

te°p≈ tijvTamb am¿§w. a\pjys‚ Imaw IqSpX¬ B\μ

am°m≥ th≠nbmWv F√m ⁄m\mt\zj Wßfpw F∂p

]d™psh°p∂p.

kv{Xo kpc£ F∂ coXnbn¬ Ahsf AkzX{¥bm°n

hbv°p∂sXt¥m B ImasØXs∂ Bbp[am°n kv{Xo

i‡nbmbv amdp∂ A]q¿Δ I¬]\bv°mWv Cu t\mh¬

km£ywhln°p∂Xv.

{]Xntcm-[Øns‚bpw c‡km£nXzØns‚bpw sF°

942019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Wmb kv{Xo _p≤n]q¿Δamb B{IaWØns‚ {]Xn\n[nbmbv

hfcpIbmWnhnsS. ]oUnXbmbn at\m_ew \„s∏´

kpK‘n F∂ s]¨t]mcmfnsb PohnXØnte°v Xncn®p

sIm≠phcm≥ hf¿ØΩ ao\m£n cmPcØn\w ]d™p

sImSp°p∂ IYbmbn´mWv B≠mƒ tZh\mbInbpsS IY

{]Xy£s∏Sp∂Xv. B≠mƒ tZh\mbInbn¬ kzXzw Z¿in

°p∂ kpK‘n XpS¿∂v {ioh√_p≤\mƒ FgpXnb kpUm\

kp]n\ Is≠Øn hmbn°p∂p.

kpK‘n F∂ B≠mƒ tZh\mbInbn¬ Xs‚ kzXzw

Xncbp∂ kpK‘n F∂ Cug t]mcmfn Ahcpambn kl`mhw

ssIs°m≈p∂ Ahÿbn¬ FØnt®¿∂v i{Xphn\pt\sc

i‡ambv Xncn®Sn°p∂nSØv t\mh¬ Ahkm\n°p∂p.

"hoWXp hnZy' ssk_dnSØnse \yq\X

IcpØm°ptºmƒ

ao\m£n cmPcØn\w F∂ hymP sF.Unbn¬ {]Xy£

s∏´v B≠mƒ tZh\mbInbpsS IcpØns‚ IY ]d™v

{]XnImcØn\mbv kzbw a\ ns\ Ãnapssekv sNøp∂ Cb

°Ønse s]¨t]mcmfnbmb kpK‘n. B≠mƒ tZh\mbIn

bpsS IY Hmtcm L´w ]n∂nSptºmƒ i‡nbm¿Pn®phcp∂

IYm]m{Xw i‡ambv Xncn®Sn°p∂tXmsS t\mh¬ Ah

km\n°p∂p. t_m[[mc, \mbIs‚ hnhcWw, AZriy\pw

k¿Δ⁄\pamb IYmIrØns‚ CSs]S¬ k¿tΔm]cn

ssk_¿ km[yXIfneqsSbp≈ apt∂‰w Cßs\ \mep

XeØneqsSbmWv t\mh¬ AhXcn∏n°s∏Sp∂Xv. ssk_¿

temIØns‚ i‡nZu¿_eyßsf Hcpt]mse Xs‚ t\mh

en\v BJymt\m]IcWßfm°n t\mhenÃv am‰p∂p. ]o‰¿

inhm\μbpsS AhXcWw > Idp∏v F∂ sh_v ssk‰v -->

bqSq_v --> kmUv sh_v ssk‰v --> C-sabn¬ --> Hm¨sse≥ en¶v>

tUmIypsa‚dn > tªmKv F∂nhbmWv IYmKXnbpsS DdhIƒ.

\mbI\mb ]o‰¿ inhm\μw hpa¨ _nssl≥Uv Zn ̂ mƒ

Hm^v ssStKgvkv hpa¨ FsKbv≥Ãv hm¿] F∂, {ioe¶≥

k¿°mcn\pth≠n sNøp∂ Xs‚ kn\nabn¬ cP\n

XncWKmasb \Sn°m≥ Cb°Ønse s]¨t]mcmfnbmbn

kpK‘n F∂ Xs‚ kplrØns\ At\zjn®p "Idp∏v' F∂

sh_v ssk‰nseØp∂p. CXneqsSbmWv t\mhense

bYm¿∞ \mbnIbmb kpK‘nbpsS IY A\mhcWw sNøp

∂Xv. "Idp∏ns‚ sh_vssk‰n¬ kpK‘nbpsS at‰sX¶nepw

952019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

cN\Ifpt≠m F∂v sk¿®v sNøp∂Xn\nSbn¬ XnI®pw

A{]Xo£nXambmWv ao\m£n cmPcØn\w FgpXnb tZh

\mbIn -\n≥IssX I≠Xv. "\Ωƒ Ct∏mƒ Hcp kl{km–w

]pdIn emWv' F∂p XpSßn IY Ncn{Xhpw anØpw CSIe¿∂

Hcp sFXnlmknI `qanIbnte°v {]thin°p∂p. H∂ptXSp

tºmƒ as‰m∂n¬ sNs∂Øp∂ ssk_¿ temIØns‚

\yq\XXs∂ ChnsS IYm hnIk\Øn\v D]tbmKn°p∂Xv

t\m°pI. ssk_¿ temIØv a‰p≈hcpsS Bibßfn¬

CSs]Sm\p≈ A]c‚ km[yXbmWt√m Ia‚pIƒ. Ia‚p

Isf t\mhenÃv IYmhnIk\Øn\p am{Xa√ IYm`mKØns‚

hna¿i\Øn\pw D]tbmKn°p∂p. "kv{Xo A[nImcØns‚

ap∂n¬ HXpßn \n¬t°≠hfmsW∂ hfsc sX‰mb ktμi

amWv ao\m£nbpsS FgpØn¬ apgph≥.' Cßs\ t]mIp∂p

AXv "ao\m£n cmPcØn\w Hcp ]pcpj\msW¶ntem, AtXm

CugØ®n Xs∂ as‰mcp t]cn¬ FgpXnbXmIptam? t\mh¬

Ahkm\w am{Xw Xpd∂p In´p∂ Cu ]cnWmaKp]vXn

ssk_¿ CSØnse "I≈\mWb' km[yX AYhm B[nImcn

IXbpsS A`mhw F∂ Zu¿_eyw apXseSpØv t\mh¬

BJym\Ønte°v apX¬Iq´m°p∂p. \mbI\mb ]o‰¿ inhm

\μw ImWp∂ "t\m tam¿ Sntb¿kv knÿ' F∂ tUmIyp

sa‚dnbneqsSbmWv cP\n XncWKmabpsS IY t\mhen¬

Dƒt®cp∂Xv. "Cb°sØ `b∂v Bcpw CugØn¬ Cu

Nn{XØns‚ s]mXpZ¿i\w kwLSn∏n°m≥ ss[cys∏´Xp

an√. F¶nepw bqSyq_n¬ A]vtemUv sNøs∏´tXmsS'

Cßs\ t]mIp∂p hnhcWw. ChnsS BhnjvImckzmX{¥y

Øns‚ henb BImiw Xpd∂n´ ssk_¿ CSØns‚ i‡n

Xs‚ t\mh¬ inev]tØmSv tN¿Øpsh°p∂p FgpØp Imc≥.

ao\m£n cmPcØn\w F∂ sF.Un.bn¬ ssk_¿ CS

Øn¬ {]Xy£s∏ v́ tZh\mbInbpsS IY ]d™v t\mhens‚

IYmicocw hnIkn∏n°p∂ hy‡n {ioe¶≥ `cWm[nImcn

IfpsS ]oU\Øns‚ Ccbmb kpK‘n Xs∂bmsW∂v

shfn®s∏Sp∂p. ChnsS A_e¿°v A`bacpfp∂ XmevImenI

HfnbnSambn ssk_¿ \yq\Xsb alXzhXvIcn°p∂p.

_p≤n]q¿Δw CSs]´v IcpØ\mb FXncmfnsb Ncn{X

am°n am‰p∂ kv{Xoi‡nbmbn {]Xy£s∏Sp∂ ]qaWn

sk¬h\mbIØns‚ ]oUnX IYmhnhcWØn¬am{Xw

k¿Δ⁄\mb FgpØpImcs‚ cwK{]thiw A\p`h

s∏Sp∂p.

s^bvIv sF.Un.Ifn¬ tkmjy¬ aoUnbbn¬ cwK{]thiw

962019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

sNømsa∂Xv AXns‚ hnizmkyXsb XI¿°p∂p. F∂m¬

A_e¿°v BhnjvImckzmX{¥yw {]Zm\w sNøp∂ Hcp

A`btI{μambn Cu ssk_¿ \yq\Xsb t\mhenÃv DZmØ

hXvIcn°p∂p.

BJym\]camb \qX\Xzhpw hnjb]camb B¿÷

hXzhpw sIm≠v BI¿jWobamWv Sn.Un cmaIrjvWs‚ Cu

t\mh¬ "sshhn[yßfpsS ssIhgnbneqsS BJym\hpw hnj

bhpw k©cn°p∂psh¶nepw inev]`{ZX ImØp kq£n°p∂

Cu t\mh¬ cN\m]cambn Hcp henb hnPbw Xs∂.

972019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

Poh-c‡wsIms≠-gp-Xnbt\mh¬KwKm-[-c≥ sNßm-eq¿-

hnJym-X-\mb Xp¿°n t\mh-enÃv Hm¿l≥ ]mapIv Xs‚

Hcp {]apJ t\mh-en-´n-cn-°p∂ t]cv ssa s\bnw Cu sdUv

(Nph-∏m-sWs‚ t]cv) t\mh¬ io¿jIw kqNn-∏n-°p∂ {]Xo-

Im-fl-I-X, a\- n¬ kq£n-®p-sIm≠v Xriq¿ {Ko≥_pIvkv {]kn-

≤o-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂ ]mßn¬ `mkvI-cs‚ \μn-tI-i≥ km£n-

F∂ t\mh-ens‚ \nd-sa-¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂q-ln®p t\m°mw.

t\mh¬ a\- n-cpØn hmbn-s®m-cmƒ°v t\mh-ens‚ \ndw Nph∏v

Ft∂ hcq. Bh-iy-sa-¶n¬ Cß-s\bpw Iq´n-t®¿°mw. apgp-

\of Nph-∏v. t\mh-ens‚ \ndw Nph-∏mbn hmb-\-°m-cs‚ a\-

 n¬ H´n-∏n-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v H‰-°m-cWw am{Xw. Xs‚ c‡w

sIm≠mWv t\mh-enÃv \μn-tI-i≥ km£n FgpXnsh®n-cn-

°p-∂-Xv. t\mh-en-Ãns‚ Poh-c‡w Ie-cmØ Hcp hmt°m hmN-

Itam t\mhen¬ \n∂p AS¿Øn am‰p-hm≥ hmb-\-°m-c\p Ign-

bn-√.

ssh°w apl-ΩZv _jo-dns‚ _mey-Im-e-k-Jn-bn¬ \ncq-]-

Im-Nm-cy-\mb Fw.-]n.-t]mƒ I≠ henb KpWw t\mh¬ Pohn-

X-Øn¬ \n∂p ]dn-s®-SpØ GSm-sW-∂-Xm-Wv; Acp-In¬ c‡w

s]mSn™p \n¬°p∂ GSv. IY-bm-bmepw t\mh-em-bmepw D≠m-

bn-cn-t°≠ A\p-t]-£-Wob KpWw AXp Pohn-X-K-‘n-bm-bn-

cn-°-W-sa∂ BNm-c-\n-jvI¿j F°m-e-tØ-°p-ap≈ Aew-L-

\ob \nb-a-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ Pohn-X-an-√mØ GsXm-cm-Jym-

bn-Ibpw c‡-an-√mØ PU-i-co-c-Øn\p Xpey-am-Wv. ÿe-Im-

e-t`-Z-߃ kml-N-cy-߃ am‰p-sa-∂-√msX t\mh¬ Pohn-Xm-

hn-jvImcw Xs∂-sb-∂-Xn\p Xcnºpw am‰-sam-∂p-an-√. t]mƒam-

Ã-dpsS \n¿t±iw A\z¿∞-am-hp∂ t\mh-emWv \μn-tI-i≥

km£n. \qdp iX-am-\hpw Pohn-X-K-‘n-bmb t\mh¬. \qdp

982019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

iX-am-\hpw c‡w sIm≠v Nph-∏n® ]Z-L-S-\-Iƒ.

Fgp]Xp h¿j-ß-fmbn IYm-]m-{X-Øns‚ tXmfn¬ Xqßn-

In-S-°p∂ Zpcn-X-]q¿Æ-amb PohnXw Hm¿sØ-Sp-°-em-W-Xv. Xs‚

Phn-X-hy-Y-Iƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w P\n-®p h-f¿∂v

Xs∂ Bfm-°nam‰nb tZi-sØbpw tZi-°m-scbpw H∏w

tN¿Øp \n¿Øp∂p t\mh-en-Ãv. AX-ß-s\-Ø-s∂-bm-Wt√m

htc-≠-Xpw. Hcmƒ°pw IpSpw-_-Øn¬ \n∂pw tZi-Øn¬

\n∂pw A\y-amb \ne-\n¬]n-√-s√m. kzbw-`q-h-s√∂ Xncn-®-

dnhp \evIp∂ Z¿i\w t\mh-ens\ _lp-kz-c-X-bp≈ BJym-

\-am°n am‰p-∂p. ka-{K-amb t\mh-em-°n am‰p-∂p.

X\n°p ]d-bm-\p-≈Xv hnLv\w IqSmsX hmb-\-°m-cn-se-

Øn-°p-hm-\p≈ kwth-Z\ hgn NnI-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-emWv Fgp-

Øp-Im-cs‚ BZy hnP-bw. ]mßn¬ `mkvI-c\v Xs‚ kwth-

Z\ hgn A\m-bmkw Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p. a\-

 n¬ s]mSnbpw amdm-ebpw sI´n Hfn™p InS-°p∂ F{X

sNdnb apdn-hp-Ifpw hmb-\-°m-c\p ap∂n-e-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ B

hgn At±-lsØ klm-bn-°p-∂p. At\Iw Zpcn-X-߃ kln®pw

kzoI-cn®pw Fgp-]-Xn-se-Ønb {]`m-I-c≥ F∂ \mbI IYm-

]m{Xw Xs‚ _‘p-°-fpsS ]nfi\na-÷-\-Øn\v cmta-iz-c-sØ-

Ønb t\cw \μn-tI-i-t\mSv Xs‚ Zpcn-X-IY ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv.

CXv Hcp IY-]d-b-e-√. Bfl-k-a¿∏Ww Xs∂-bm-Wv. Hcp

_nw_-{]-Xn-jvTsb ap≥\n¿Øn-bp≈ `mc-Xob IY-\-ssi-en-

bm-Wn-hnsS t\mh-enÃv ]n≥Xp-S-cp-∂-Xv. Aßs\ Xt∂bpw

IpSpw-_-tØbpw tZi-sØ-X-t∂bpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ

t\mh-enÃv Hc-\p-{K-lhpw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. Aß-s\-bp≈

ambm-Pm-e-sam∂pw kw`-hn-°p-I-bn-s√∂v Abmƒ°-dn-bmw.

Abmƒ°-Xn-sem∂pw hnizm-k-hp-an-√. Pnhn-X-sa∂ hd-N-´n-bn-

en´p hdp-°p∂ Zpcn-X-߃ Bcp-sS-sb-¶nepw ap∂n¬ H∂-h-

Xcn-∏nt® aXn-bm-hq. \μn-tI-i-\m-sW-¶n¬ \n w-K\pw \ncp]-

{Z-h-Im-cnbpw ap\nbpw k¿h-⁄m-\nbpw Ime-km-£n-bp-amb

inh-hm-l-\-hp-am-Wv. Xs‚ Zpcn-X-߃ At±-l-Øn-\p Xmßm\pw

Ignbpw. Aß-s\-bmWv \μn-tIi ka¿∏-W-ambn t\mh¬

hm¿∂p hogp-∂-Xv. ]d-bm≥ XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ, \mfn-Xp-hsc

BtcmSpw ]d-bmØ Xs‚ Zpcn-X-ta-L-߃ Hcp {]hm-l-ambn

IpØn-sbm-gpIn \μn-tI-i-]m-Z-ßsf \\®p Ipfn-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv.

t\mh-ens‚ cN-\m-coXn CXn¬ \n∂p hfsc {]I-S-am-Wv.

bmsXmcp-hI hnLv\-ß-fp-an-√msX A\m-bmkw G‰hpw

Ipd™ kabw-sIm≠v Fgp-X-s∏´ t\mh-em-WnXv F∂q-

ln°mw. F∂m¬ cN\ thUvkvh¿Øv ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse

992019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

""Cukv F kvs]mt≠-\n-bkv Hmh¿ ^vtem Hm^v ]h¿^pƒ

^oenßvkv do If-Iv‰Uv C≥{S≥Izn-en‰n'' F∂ coXn-bn-em-sW-

¶nepw (A-\m-bm-k-amb Hgp-°v) AXp kw -̀hn-°p-∂Xv Fgp]Xv

h¿j-°m-esØ A\p-`h kΩ¿±-Øm-em-Wv. \μn-tI-i\p

ap∂n¬ t\mh-enÃv ka¿∏n-°p∂ PohnXIY Aev] hm°p-

Ifn¬ hnh-cn-°pI Akm-[y-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ Hmtcm A\p-`-

hhpw IqSn-t®-cp-tºmtg IY°p ]q¿ÆX ssIh-cq. 305 t]Pp-I-

fn-se-gp-Xnb t\mh¬ apgp-h\pw Pohn-Xm-\p-̀ -h-am-b-Xn-\m¬ Npcp-

°n-∏-d-™mepw A{Xbpw hcpw. t\mh-ens\ Adn-bp-hm≥ AXv

hmbn-°pI am{Xta \nh¿Øn-bp-≈p. tXm‰-ß-fpw, Jkm-°ns‚

CXn-lm-khpw hmbn-®mte AXnse X\na Adn-bm-\mhq F∂

Xp-t]mse F¥p sIm≠p t\mh¬ thdn´ hmb-\°p tbmKy-

am-hp∂p F∂p kqNn-∏n-°pI am{Xta ChnsS km[y-am-hq.

Hcp tZisØ hmbn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ tZi-Øns‚ Bflm-hn-

t\bpw ̀ mj-sbbpw Adn-b-Ww. Hmtcm tZi-Øn\pw thsd-thsd

Bflmhpw `mj-bp-ap-≠v. tZi-a-Æn¬ Dd™p IqSn InS-°p∂

anØp-Iƒ Dƒt®¿∂v Bflm-hm-Ip-tºmƒ tZi-a-Æn-ep-d-™p-

IqSnb t]®mWv AXns‚ `mj. tZisØ AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-tØ-

≠Xv ]cn-jvIr-X-amb \mK-cnI `mj sIm≠-√. tZi-Øns‚

Bfl-`m-j-bmb t]®p-sIm-≠m-Wv. Xriq¿ Pn√-bnse Cøm¬

F∂ tZi-amWv t\mh-en-Ãns‚ P∑-tZ-iw. Cøm-ense hnhn[

{]tZ-i-ß-tfbpw \m´p-Im-sc-bp-amWv t\mh-enÃv AS-bm-f-s∏-

SpØp-hm≥ {ian-°p-∂-Xv. apJw-aq-Sn-bn-√mØ {Kmay-`m-j-bmWv

t\mh-ense IYm-]m-{X-߃°v {KmaoW X\na \¬Ip-∂-Xv.

F{Xtbm efnX kpμ-c-am-bmWv t\mh¬ hm¿∂p hogp-∂-sX∂p

t\m°pI. ""\μn-tIim ]e-Xcw Irjn-Iƒ sNbvXv Pohn-°p∂

If-¶-an-√mØ P\X Cøm-en-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ At\m\yw

kvt\ln®pw s]mdpØpw sFIy-s∏´pw Pohn-®p. Ah-cpsS ]q¿ho-

I-cmWv Irjn sNøm-\p≈ ]Wn-bm-bp-[-߃ \n¿Ωn-®-Xv. ssI

t°m-´v, IØn, sh´p-I-Øn, hSn-hmƒ, ]n°m-kv, agp, sImØn

F∂o Bbp-[-߃ Irjn-]-Wn-Iƒ°p-th≠n Ah-cp-≠m-°n.

aÆp-]m-I-s∏-SpØn Adnhpw s\dn-hp-ap≈ s\¬hn-Øp-Iƒ

aÆns‚ Xe-t®m-dn-te-°n´v kqcys\ ]mSØp \n∂p Bflm-hn-

te°v [ym\n®p. ""]q°fpw Imb-Ifpw Rm‰p-th-e-I-fn-eqsS

aÆns‚ lrZ-b-Øn\p≈n¬\n∂p amdn amdn h∂p sIm≠n-cp∂p.

F∂m¬ Cøm-se∂ tZisØ {KmaoW efn-X-amb `mj-bn-e-

h-X-cn-∏n®tijw tZi-Øns‚ Bflm-hmb I√-Sn-t°m-´-Ω-sb-

b-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ ̀ mj a{¥-ambn amdp-∂p. tXm‰-ß-fn-epd™v

InS-°p∂ am{¥nI t]®v.

1002019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

A∏w-Ipfw tXm´n¬ ag-°m-eØv sh≈w Ib-‰n-\n¿Øn-bmWv

Cøm-en\p th≠ Irjn hnf-bn-s®-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. BZy-Im-eØv ae-

sh-≈-Øns‚ X≈¬sIm≠v _≠p s]m´n-t∏m-hpI km[m-c-

W-am-bn-cp-∂p. a\p-jy-Po-hs\ Icp \n¿Øn ae-sh-≈-∏m-®n¬

XSp-°m≥ Cøm-ep-Im¿ Ah-cpsS DS-tbm-\mb ]mXn-c-t°m´p

cmPm-hns\ icWw {]m]n-°p-∂p. cmPmhv {]P-Iƒ°p hm°p

sImSp-°p-∂p. GXp hn[hpw \mSns\ c£n-°m-sa-∂v. tZi-tPym-

’ys‚ D]-tZ-im-\p-kcWw _≠v s]m´m-Xn-cn-°m≥ Hcp

kv{Xosb _en-sIm-Sp-°m-\mWv cmPmhv B⁄m-]n-®-Xv. Aß-

s\-bmWv I√-Sn-t°m-´p-a-e-bn¬ \n∂v h≈n-°q-´n¬ ]\-¥-Ø-

bp-ambn hcp∂ Imfn-°p-dØn Cc-bm-b-Xv. Cøm¬ tZisØ hoSp-

I-fn¬ e£Ww ]d-™-e™ Imfn-°p-dØn cmP-`r-Xy-cpsS

IÆn¬s∏-´p. cmPm-hns‚ B⁄-b-\p-k-cn®v aew-°p-d-Ønsb

Ah¿ A∏w-Ipfw _≠n¬ ssIIm-ep-Iƒ sI´n-\n¿Øn. aÆpw

I√p-Ifpw CS-X-S-hn-√msX Ah-fpsS Xe-bn-te°p sNmcn-™p.

ad-bv°mØ amdnepw Xe-bnse apSn-bn-g-Iƒ°p-≈nepw a¨

s]mSn-Iƒ \nd-™p. Ah-fpsS tZlsØ hnb¿∏p-Nm-en¬ AXp

IpXn¿∂p. DƒØn-ß-temsS Pohs‚ Hc-e¿® Imfn-bpsS

s\©n≥Iq-Sn-\p-≈n¬ Db¿∂p. Ah-fpsS Poh-°q-Sn-\p-≈n¬

\n∂p I√-Sn-t°m´p ae-bnse tZhn-bmb ae-°p-d-Øn-bpsS tXm‰-

ap-b¿∂p.

""DS-b-Ø-ºp-cm-t\, DZn-®p-h-cp-t∂m-co-iz-cm, ]¥o-cm-bncw ]S-

°p-Xn-c-I-tf, I√-Sn-t°ms´ Bd-ø-∏-∑m-tc, \qdp\qdp tZh-∑msc

\nßsS sNm√pw KpcptXzmw Fs‚ a\- n-te°p aq¿®bpw

Xo¿®bpw D≠m-°n-Ø-ctW! DZn® ̀ K-hms‚ aq∂mw Xr°-Æn¬

Cf-¶p-e-Iƒ t]mse s]m´n ]fp-¶p-Iƒ Xncn-™p-a-dn™pb¿∂v

CW-tbmSv c≠v ]n≈-Iƒ DZn-s∏m-Øn¬t∏mbn Xncp-hcw hmßn

`qan-tem-I-Øn-dßn Bk-∂-am-sbmcp I√-Sn-t°m´p Icn-a-e-bn¬

Aøm-bncw I√p-sIm≠v ASnbpw ]WnXv aqΔm-bncw I√p-sIm≠v

apIfpw ]WnXv Icn-¶-√p-IƒsIm-s≠mcp Icn-s¶m-´bpw Iq´n

t\sc ]Sn-™m v́ IqSn-bn-cn-°p∂ ae-hm-c-Ø-tΩ, Xºp-cm-́ n, ASn-

hm-cØp \n∂p aq∂pcp hnfn-®m¬ \mem-asØ hnfn°v ASn-

b≥ hnfn tIt´m-fmw. hnfn°pw t\cw aZn®p hcp∂ B\-bm-

sW-¶nepw IpXn-®p-h-cp∂ IpXn-c-bm-sW-¶nepw tN¿∂p hcp∂

sNIp-Øm-\m-sW-¶nepw Ak-Xy-ambn hcp∂ s]cp-º-S-bm-sW-

¶nepw aq¿J-\mb \mK-Øm-\m-sW-¶nepw ]¥o-cm-bncw Imew

AIm-e-h´w \o°n-Ø-ctW ae-hm-c-ØtΩ kzmlm!

tZi-Øns‚ Bflm-hmbn hne-kp∂ I√-Sn-t°m´p ae-bnse

ae-¶p-d-Øn-bpsS tXm‰-Øns‚ CuW-amWv apgp-h≥ IrXn-bp-

1012019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

tSbpw CuW-ambn ]n∂oSp hf-cp-∂-Xv. Poh≥ XpSn-°p∂ ]®-

amw-k-Øn¬ aÆp \nd-bp-tºm-gp-≠m-hp∂ Zp -l-amb ho¿∏p-

ap´-emWv t\mh¬. tZi-I-Y-\-Øn-eqsS t\mh-en¬ A\p-`-h-

t`Zy-am-°p-∂Xv Bflm-hnse Hcp-Xcw tXm‰w-ap´v t]mse. AXp-

]-d-bp-∂-Xn\v t\mh-enÃv B‰n-°p-dp-°n-sb-Sp-°p∂ hm°p-Iƒ°v

BWntb°mƒ Iq¿Ω-X-bp-≠v. Aÿn-sb-t∏mepw sRcn®p

XI¿°m≥ B hm°p-Iƒ°v {XmWn-bp-≠v. Rc-ºp-I-fn¬, lrZ-

b-Øn¬, akvXn-jv°-Øn¬, ico-c-sk-√p-I-fn¬ apf-I-c-®p-tX-®-

Xp-t]mse \o‰w ]S¿Øm≥ Ign-hp≠v hm°p-Iƒ°v. A≤zm-\n-

°p-∂-hs‚ IpSpw-_-]-cn-k-c-Øn¬ {]tbm-Kn-°p∂ Iq¿Ø ]cp-

j-amb CØcw hm°p-Iƒ tImhn-es‚ tXm‰-ß-fn¬ am{X-amWv

CXn-t\-°mƒ ]cp-jhpw i‡-hp-ambn ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ImWm≥

Ign-bp-I.

Cøm¬ Irjn-k-º-∂-amb tZi-am-Wv. Irjn-bmWv _lp-̀ qcn-

]-£-Øn-t‚bpw Poh-t\m-]m-[n. ssP\ _p≤-t£-{X-ßfpw _p≤

kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ Ah-in-jvS-ßfpw Iqºp-g-bnepw A∏w-Ip-f-Øn-

ep-sams° Ct∏mgpw ImWm-sa-¶nepw Irjn-bpsS ssZh-ß-sf-

bm-W-h¿°v IqSp-X¬ _lp-am-\w. Cu t\mh¬ hmbn-°p∂

Hcmƒ°v Irjn-bp-ambn _‘-s∏´ \nc-h[n ]Z-ßfpw \m´p-hm-

sam-gn-Ifpw UnIvjW-dn-bn¬ \ns∂-∂-t]mse s]dp-°n-sb-Sp-

°m≥ Ign-bpw. hc-ºp-ap-dn-b≥, tXtcm-´n, ]p√-a°n F∂nh ag-

bpsS t]cp-I-fm-Wv. Icp-\n¿ØpI F∂m¬ sh≈-Øn¬

IpXn¿∂ aÆn¬ Pohs\ Xf-®n-SpI F∂¿∞w. sNt∏Sv

F∂m¬ Xmfn-tbm-e. "apSn hf¿∂ Xe t]mse-bmhpw s]cp-ag

amdnb I≠-߃'. "N°bpw amßbpw Ign-™m¬ Hcp sIm√w

HmSn ad-™p-sh∂v AΩ-Ω.' "Xmfpw XI-cbpw aq∂p-am-kw,

N°bpw amßbpw aq∂p amkw, Aß\ow Cß\ow aq∂p amkw˛

\m´n≥]p-dsØ hm°p-Ifpw hmMvsam-gn-Ifpw \n¿t√m-]w.

Chbv°p ]pdta \nc-h-[n-bmb sFXn-ly-߃, ]g-sam-gn-Iƒ,

\m´p-h¿Ø-am-\-߃, Jkm-°ns‚ CXn-lm-k-Øn-\ptijw ae-

bm-f-t\m-h-en\p \jvS-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ {KmaoW X\na

Xncn®p ]nSn-°p-I-bmWv "\μn-tI-i≥ km£n.'

t\mh¬ cN\ Hcp Ic-Iu-iew IqSn-bm-Wv. inev]n ]cp-°≥

ine-bn¬ \n∂pw hSn-shmØ inev]w sImØn-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xp-

t]mse N∏p-N-h-dp-Iƒ hI-™p-am-‰n t\mh¬ \n¿Ωn-°p-I-bmWv

Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥. Bh-iy-ap-≈h Xnc-s™-SpØv Bh-iy-an-√m-Øh

hen-s®-dn-bp-hm≥ {]m]vX-\m-hp-tºmtg \√ cN-\-Iƒ kw`-hn-

°p-I-bp-≈q. Hcp \n¿ΩnXn D∂-X-amb Iem-in-ev]-ambn amdp-I-

bm-Wn-hn-sS. A{Xbv°p temehpw Zpcn-X-]q¿Æ-hp-amb Hcp Pohn-

1022019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

X-amWv t\mh-en-Ãn\p Nn{Xo-I-cn-t°≠n hcp-∂-Xv. F∂n´pw

teme-hn-Im-c-߃°p ISn-™m-Wn´v t\mh-ens\ i‡-am-°p-

hm≥ t\mh-enÃv t_m[-hm-\m-hp-∂p. "Rm≥ hf-sc-b-[nIw Akz-

ÿ-\mWv \μn-tI-im. Cß-s\-sbm-s°-bm-sW-¶nepw F\n°p

Pohn-XsØ shdp-°m≥ tXm∂n-bn-́ n-√. kº-Øn-s√-¶nepw Fs‚

PohnXw al-Ø-c-am-bXpw F\n°p {]nb-s∏-´-Xp-am-Wv.' Zpcn-X-

߃°p ta¬ Zpcn-X-߃ h∂p ]Xn-°p-tºmgpw PohnXw hd-

N-́ n-bn¬ s]m≈p∂ aW¬°q-ºm-c-am-hp-tºmgpw Xt‚bpw Xs‚

tZi-Øn-t‚bpw æm\-X-b-I∂ apJw ImWm≥ {]`m-I-c≥ B{K-

ln-°p-∂p. CXv DØ-a-amb Nn¥-bmWv; DØ-a-t\m-h¬ \n¿Ωn-

Xn-bn-te-°p≈ \S-∂-Sp-°-em-Wv.

Hcp t\mh-ens\ \√ Iem-kr-jvSn-bm-°m≥ ta¬hn-h-cn® hn -̀

h-߃ [mcm-f-sa-∂n-cns° t\mh-en\v Hcp Zm¿i-\nI ]cn-thjw

samØ-Øn¬ e`n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ bmYm¿∞yw IrXnsb hyXy-

kvX-am-\-ß-fn-te-°p-b¿Øp-∂p. Cu Zm¿i-\nI ]cn-th-j-am-Is´

t\mh-enÃv Adn-™p-sIm-≠p-≠m-°p-∂-X-√. ISw-sIm≠ Zm¿i-

\nI t_m[-hp-a-√. Fgp-]-Xp-h¿j-°mew Hcp {Kma-Øn¬ \njv°-

f-¶-cmb {Kmao-W-cp-ambn CS-]-gIn Pohn®Xn¬\n-∂p-≠mb A\p-

`h bmYm¿∞y-ß-fm-Wv. Zpcn-X-߃ G‰p-]-d-bp-Ibpw klm-b-

ß-fn-√m-Xm-hp-tºmƒ kzbw \o¥n-°-b-dp-hm≥ hgn Is≠-Øp-

I-bp-amWv {Kmaa\p-jy¿. \μntIi-t\mSp Zpcn-X-߃ Hs∂m-gn-

bmsX ]d-bp∂ IYm-\m-b-I≥ ASpØ \nan-j-Øn¬Øs∂

AXn-\p≈ km¥z\w kzbw Btem-Nn®p Is≠-Øp-∂p. "Fs‚

a\ v Ct∏mgpw tXßp-I-bm-Wv. \μn-tI-im. Atß°v

CsXms° Xam-i-bmbn tXm∂p-∂p-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. a\p-jys‚

G‰hpw henb im]w as‰m-cmsf ]q¿Æ-ambpw a\- n-em-°m≥

Ign-bm-Ø-Xm-Wv.' ""\μn-tI-im, Fs‚ Adn-hn-√m-bva-bpsS ^e-

amWv Rm≥ A\p-̀ -hn-®-Xv. Aßv Hcp]t£ Hm¿tØm¿Øv Nncn-

°p-am-bn-cn-°pw. Cß-s\bpw Nne hnUvVn-Iƒ ̀ qap-JØpt≠m

sb∂v Icp-Xp-∂p-≠m-hpw. kmcw-eym, Rm≥ sNbvX-sXms°

Fs‚ icn-I-fpsS At\z-j-W-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Atß°p

tXm∂p-at√m? AXmWp kXyw.'' Cßs\ Hmtcm hyY°pw

kzb-ap-Ø-c-hp-ambn Pohn-®p-I-b-dp∂ {KmaoW a\p-jys‚ ]®-

bmb Bhn-jvIm-c-amWv t\mh¬ \nd-sb. \μn-tI-i-t\m-Sp≈

Hmtcm ka¿∏-Whpw Hmtcm At\z-j-W-am-Wv. Aßs\ Cu

{Kmao-W¿ Pohn-X-c-l-ky-ßfpw AkvXn-Xz-c-l-ky-ßfpw \ne-

\n¬∏ns‚ cl-ky-ß-fp-sa√mw At\z-jn-°p-I-bm-Wv. B¿°pw

DØ-c-an-√mØ Ah-s°ms°, Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw sNøp-∂-Xp-

t]mse kzbw Is≠-Øm≥ {ian-°p-I-bm-Wv, t\mh¬ apgp-h≥

1032019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

\nd™p \n¬°p∂ Cu At\z-j-Ww. AXns‚ ss\ ¿§nI

`mhw sIm≠v {KmaoW a\- ns‚ hni-I-e\w IqSn-bm-hp-∂p.

CXv t\mh-en\p \¬Ip∂ km¿h-{XnI kzoIm-cyX sNdp-X-√.

\μntIi≥ km£n "sNdnb a\p-jy-cpsS sNdp-sNdp' hnlz-e-

X-Iƒ°p≈ acp∂p sN∏p-Iq-Sn-bm-hp-∂p.

IdIf™ Bflm¿∞X t\mh-en¬ DuSpw ]mhp-ambn InS-

°p-∂Xp ImWmw. hoSn-t\mSpw ho´p-Im-tcm-Sp-ap≈ Bflm¿∞X:

\mSn-t\mSpw \m´p-Im-tcm-Sp-ap≈ Bflm¿∞, ]d-ºn-t\mSpw ]mS-

tØm-Sp-ap≈ Bflm¿∞X ktN-X-\hpw AtN-X-\-hp-amb

hkvXp-°-tfmSp apgp-h-t\m-Sp-ap≈ Bflm¿∞ F¥n\v X\n-s°-

Xnsc X{¥w ]Wn-bp-∂-h-tcmSp t]mepw \nd™ Bflm¿∞-X-

bmWv IYm-\m-b-I-\p-≈-Xv. Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ P\n-®p-h-f¿∂ hoSp

hn´p t]mth≠n hcp-sa-∂m-b-t∏mƒ Abmƒ s\©n¬ ssI

sh®p t]mhp-∂p. ""Ccp´v Fs‚ IÆp-I-fn-te°v Cc-ºn-°-b-dp-

∂-Xmbn tXm∂n, Znim-t_m-[-߃ F\n°p \jvS-s∏-´p. Rm≥

Ftßm´p t]mIpw? ap‰sØ apΔm-≠≥ amhns‚ Ce-sIm-gn-™-

sIm-ºns‚ Nph-´n¬ Rm≥ Nn¥m[o-\-\mbn \n∂p. ]mSw ̀ mKw

h°p-∂-sXm∂pw Rm≥ {i≤n-®n-√. Rm≥ hen-b-Ωm-hs\

t\m°n. Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-tSbpw apJ-tØ°p IÆ-b-®p. hf-∏nse

]nem-hn-s\bpw sXßn-s\bpw amhn-s\bpw t]c-tbbpw sXt°

ap‰Øv Rm≥ \´ tdmkm sNSn-tbbpw sNº-c-Øn-tbbpw

t\m°n. ]pfnac-Ønse ]gpØp Rm∂ ]pfn-ßsb {i≤n-®p.

Ah¿s°ms° Fs‚ thZ\ a\- n-em-hp-∂p-s≠∂p tXm∂n.

Ah¿ Xe-bm´n Nn√-I-fn-f°n ]d-bp-∂Xv F\n°p a\- n-embn.

AΩ-tbbpw Ft∂bpw ho´n¬\n-∂n-d°n hnSp-I-bm-Wv. Fs‚

hgn-tb-XmWv? ChnsS ss\an-jn-I-am-bp-≠mb {]IrXn kvt\l-

a√ ImWp-∂-Xv. Xs‚ IqsS Pohn-®-h-cm-W-h¿. Ah-cpsS

ssZ\yhpw kpJhpw Xt‚-Xp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. a\- n¬ H´n-∏n-Sn-®n-cn-

°p∂ Bflm¿∞-bpsS hnØp-I-fm-W-h. Ah-cn-s√-¶n¬ Xm\n√.

Cøm¬ F∂ amXr-{Kmaw hn´p-≈ Hmtcm bm{Xbpw Abmƒ°v

ho¿∏p-ap-´m-Wv. A{X-am{Xw Abmƒ Cøm-ens\ kvt\ln-®n-cn-

°p-∂p. CXv Krlm-Xp-c-Xz-sa∂ tZmj-t∏-cp-≠m-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬

B tZmjw t\mh¬ A¿ln-°p-∂p.

"hmb\ acn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p' F∂ hnem-]-amWv Cubn-

sS-bmbn kmwkvIm-cnI afi-e-Øn¬ \nd-™p-tIƒ°p-∂-Xv.

AXn-\-h¿ ImcWw ]d-bp-∂Xv Zriy-am-[y-a-ß-fp-tSbpw a‰p \h-

am-[y-a-ß-fp-tSbpw kmaqly kzm[o-\-am-Wv. \√ hmb-\m-\p-̀ hw

krjvSn-°p-hm≥ Ign-hp≈ kmlnXy IrXn-Iƒ e`y-am-Im-sØm-

c-h-ÿ-bn¬ Zmlm¿Øn-bm-sbmcp hmb-\-°m-c≥ Zriy-am-[y-a-

1042019 P\p-h-cn-˛-s^-{_p-hcn

ß-fn-te°p {i≤-Xn-cn-®m¬ Abmsf Ip‰w ]d-bm≥ Ign-bp-I-

bn-√. \oe-°p-dn™n ]qØ Im\-\-`wKn ImWm-\mbn ImSp-I-b-

dn-sb-Ønb k©m-cn, Ipdp-™n-∏q-°ƒ ImWm≥ Ign-bmØ hn]-

coX Imem-h-ÿ-bn¬, {]mtbW `wKn-Ip-d™ a‰p h\-`w-Kn-I-

fn-te°p IÆ-b-°p-∂-Xn\p Xpey-am-Wn-Xv. Ipdn-™n°mSp ]q°p-

tºmƒ k©mcn Xo¿®-bmbpw Xncn®p h∂p-sIm-≈pw, \√

Bkzm-Z-\m-\p-̀ hw krjvSn-°p-hm≥ i‡n-bp≈ IrXn-Iƒ P∑w

sIm≈p-tºmƒ \√ hmb-\-°m¿ Xncn®p hcnIXs∂ sNøpw.

\√ {KŸ-߃ D≠m-hpI am{Xta CXn\p t]mwh-gn-bp-≈q.

\μn-tI-i≥ km£n "hmb\ acn-°p∂p F∂ ]cn-tZ-h\w'

Xncp-Øn-°p-dn-°m≥ {XmWn-bp≈ IrXn-bm-Wv. tXm‰-ßfpw X´-

Ihpw ]nd∂p hoW-Xn\p tijw t\mh¬ cwKØp hym]-I-ambn

]S¿∂ t\mh-ens\ AXn-Po-hn®v IÆp-an-gn®p \n¬°p∂

A]q¿Δ Im¥n-bp≈ \oe-°p-dp-™n-bmWv "\μn-tI-i≥ km£n.'