samoqalaqo

sazogadoebasagazeTo CanarTi #14

ozurgeTis axalgazrda mecnierTa klubi

guriis axalgazrduli resurscentri

sagazeTo CanarTi „samoqalaqo sazogadoeba~, pro-eqtis „TviTmmarTvelobis efeqturobis gaZliereba mo-saxleobis informirebis axali meTodebis gamoyenebiT“ farglebSia momzadebuli.

proeqts axorcielebs `ozurgeTis axalgazrda mecnierTa klubi~ „guriis axalgazrdul resurscentr-Tan~ partniorobiT.

proeqtis mizania lanCxuTis da Coxatauris munic-ipalitetebis TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis gamWvir-valobisa da angariSvaldebulebis gaumjobeseba, mo-saxleobis informirebis axali inovaciuri meTodebis gamoyenebiT.

proeqtis farglebSi, lanCxuTisa da Coxatauris mu-nicipalitetebSi Seiqmna TviTmmarTvelobis saqmiano-biT dainteresebuli pirebis monacemTa baza.

specialuri programuli uzrunvelyofis sa-SualebiT, komisiebis Tu sakrebulos sxdomebis dan-iSvnidan 1-2 dRiT adre, sakrebulo axdens Sesabamisi interesTa jgufebisaTvis mokle teqsturi Setyobine-bebis (SMS) dagzavnas, sxdomebis dRis wesrigis Sesaxeb, TariRis, drois, adgilis miTiTebiT.

monacmTa bazaSi daregistrireba SegiZliaT lanCxu-Tisa da Coxatauris municipalitetebis veb-gverdebze: http://www.lanchkhuti.org.ge/; http://chokhatauri.ge/

gamocemis am da Semdeg nomerSi SemogTavazebT masalebs TviTmmarTvelobis arsisa da moqa-laqeTa CarTulobis Sesaxeb, romelic fond ,,Ria sazogadoeba – saqarTvelos” mxardaWer-iT ganxorcielebuli piloturi proeqtis farglebSi moamzada ,,saqarTvelos regio-nul mauwyebelTa asociaciam” (GARB). dawvrilebiT proeqtis farglebSi momzadebu-li masalebi SegiZliaT ixiloT: http://localre-port.ge-ze

demokratia, rogorc misi Te oriuli mniSvnelobiT, is-eve praqtikuli Tvalsazris-iT gulisxmobs moqalaqeTa aq tiur Tanamonawileobas mar Tvis procesSi. moqalaqe-Ta Tanamonawileobis sakiTxi gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania maSin, rodesac saqme gvaqvs TviTmmarTvelobasTan. adgi-lobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis ganxorcielebis procesSi moqalaqeTa Tanamonawileoba de mokratiuli mmarTvelobis erTerTi aucilebeli kompo-nenti da misi Sefasebis mTa-vari indikatoria.

adgilobriv TviTmmarTve-lobaSi moqalaqeebis Tana-monawileobis mizans warmo-adgens marTvis procesSi sa zogadoebrivi interesis maq simalurad gaTvaliswine-ba. sazogadoebriv interesSi asaxulia TiToeuli moqalaq-is saWiroeba, moTxovnileba Tu problema, romelTa dak-mayofileba da gadaWra adgi-lobrivi xelisuflebis pre-rogativas warmoadgens.

adgilobrivi TviTmmarTve-

lo bis ganxorcielebis pr-o cesSi moqalaqeTa Tanamo-na wileoba gulisxmobs sa zo gadoebis CarTulobas politikis ganxorcielebis procesSi. amasTan arsebobs me-tad mniSvnelovani da aqtual-uri problema zemoTxsenebul sakiTxTan mimarTebaSi – ro-gor SeiZleba ganxorcieldes adgilobrivi TviTmmarTve-lobis procesSi moqalaqeTa Tanamonawileobis gazrda. am problemis mosagvareblad, civilizebul samyaroSi iqmne-ba, inergeba da viTarde-ba moqalaqeTa CarTulobis meqanizmebi. Tu gadavxedavT warmatebuli saxelmwifoebis gamocdilebas, vnaxavT, rom arsebobs moqalaqeTa CarTu-lobis meqanizmebis mravali forma, romelTa efeqturoba damokidebulia konkretul specifikaze, romelic gani-sazRvreba socialuri, eko-nomikuri, kulturuli, eT-nikuri, mentaluri da sxva faqtorebis zemoqmedebiT.

saqarTvelos adgilobriv TviTmmarTvelobebSi moqa-laqeTa CarTulobis done

saqarTveloSi demokrati-ul procesebTan erTad adg-ilobrivi TviTmmarTvelo-ba jer kidev Camoyalibebis fazaSia. Sesabamisad, am sferoSi arsebuli naklovane-bebi sazogadoebrivi keTil-dReobis progress dabrkole-bas uqmnis. adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis proble-mebs Soris erTerTi aqtual-uria gadawyvetilebis miRe-bis procesSi moqalaqeTa Tanamonawileobis sakiTxi. es ganpirobebulia ufro fundamenturi problemebiT, romlebic socialur-ekono-mikuri, samarTlebrivi, men-taluri, Tu sxva faqtorebiT ganisazRvreba.

araerTi kvlevis Sedege-biT dasturdeba, rom saqa-rTveloSi adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobaSi mimdin-are procesebSi moqalaqeTa CarTulobisa da Sesabamisad biujetSi mosaxleobis pri-oritetebis gaTvaliswinebis done dabalia. aRniSnul mo-sazrebis damatebiTi argu-mentia 2011 wels fond “Ria

moqalaqeTa CarTuloba adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis saqmianobaSi

sazogadoeba – saqarTve-los” mier Catarebuli kvle-va – “Public Opinion About local Government in Georgia“ (Pawel Swianievicz, University of War-shaw). kvlevam aCvena, rom re-spondentebis (1500 adamiani) mxolod minimaluri raode-nobaa CarTuli adgilobrivi politikis formirebaSi. sof-lebSi mcxovrebi mosaxleobis umravlesoba ar aris saqmis kursSi Tavisi municipalite-tis adgilobrivi xelisu-flebis saqmianobis Sesaxeb.ufro detaluri suraTi ase gamoiyureba:

Tbilisi – 3%;qalaqebi sadac mosaxleo-

ba 50 aTass ar aRemateba – 4%;

qalaqebi sadac mosaxleo-ba 50 aTass aRemateba – 6%;

soflebi – 10%.

TviTmmarTvelobis saqmianobaSi moqalaqeTa CarTulobis meqanizmebi

adgilobrivi mniSvnelo-bis sakiTxebSi moqalaqeTa CarTulobis samarTlebrivi

garantiebi, municipalur aq-tivobebSi, moqalaqeTa Car-Tulobis meqanizmebi, Semdegi sakanonmdeblo aqtebiTaa ga-rantirebuli:

– evropuli qartia „adg-ilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis Sesaxeb“. preambulaSi xaz-gasmulia, rom moqalaqeebs ufleba aqvT monawileoba miiRon adgilobrivi saqmeebis warmarTvaSi da eswarmoad-gens erT-erT demokratiul princips, romelic saerToa evropis sabWos yvela wevri saxelmwifosaTvis;

-saqarTvelos regional-uri ganviTarebis 2010-2017 wlebis saxelmwifo strate-giaSi erTerTi mniSvnelo-vani punqti moqalaqeTa Tana-monawileobis xelSewobas da adgilobriv xelisuflebas-Tan erTad adgilobrivi mniS-vnelobis sakiTxebSi efeqtu-ri da mdgradi monawileobis uzrunvelyofas exeba.

2012 wlis oqtomberSi sa-parlamento arCevnebis Se-degad xelisuflebis saT-

2

gamoica gaeros ganviTarebis pro-gramis mxardaWeriT, didi brita-neTisa da CrdiloeT irlandiis gaerTianebuli samefos mTavrobis UK aid-is finansuri daxmarebiT; sagazeTo CanarTSi gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi SeiZleba ar asaxavdes didi britaneTisa da CrdiloeT irlandiis gaerTianebuli samefos, mTavrobisa da gaeros ganviTarebis programis oficialur pozicias

aveSi mosulma politikurma Zalam TviTmmarTvelobis gan-viTareba Tavisi programis erT-erT umTavres priorite-tad gamoacxada. aRniSnuls safuZvlad daedo koncefcia „saqarTvelos mTavrobis de-centralizaciisa da TviT-mmarTvelobis ganviTarebis strategiis ZiriTadi prin-cipebi 2013-2014 wlebisT-vis“, romelic gulisxmobs adgilobrivi xelisuflebis qveda (mosaxleobasTan ufro axlos myof) doneze ganx-orcielebas. xolo aRniSnu-li koncefciis safuZvelze saqarTvelosregionuliganvi-Tarebisadainfrastruqtur-issaministrom SeimuSava ,,adg-ilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis kodeqsi“, romelic 2014 wlis 5 Tebervals daamtkica saqa-rTvelos parlamentma.

,,adgilobrivi TviTmmarTv-elobis kodeqsSi“ moqalaqeTa monawileobas adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis ganxor-cielebaSi gansazRvravs me-4 kari, kerZod:

kodeqsis 85-e muxli gansa-zRvravs adgilobrivi Tv i T-mmarTvelobis ganxorciele-baSi moqalaqeTa monawileobis uzrunvelyofis sakiTxebs romlis Tanaxmadac:

adgilobrivi TviT mmar-T ve lobis ganxorcieleba-Si mo qalaqeTa monawileobis uz runvelsayofad municipa-litetis organoebi, maTi stru qturuli erTeulebi da Tanamdebobis pirebi val-debuli arian, Seqmnan organi-zaciuli da materialur-te-qnikuri pirobebi moqalaqeTa miRebis, municipalitetis or-ganoebis sxdomebSi moqa-laqeTa monawileobisa da gadawyvetilebaTa miRebis procesis gamWvirvalobisT-vis. aqedan gamomdinare, mu-nicipalitetis organoebi kanoniT dadgenili wesiT:

adgilobrivi masobrivi

informaciis saSualebebiT an municipalitetis sakrebu-los reglamentiT dadgenili wesiT aqveyneben:

inicirebul gadawyvetile-baTa proeqtebs;

inicirebul gadawyvetile-baTa proeqtebis ganxilvis procedurebsa da vadebs;

municipalitetis sakreb-ulos, agreTve sakrebulos komisiis sxdomebis dRis wes-rigs, Catarebis adgilsa da TariRs;

miRebul normatiul, ag-reTve sxva administraciul --samarTlebriv aqtebs, maTi gasaCivrebis vadebsa da pro-cedurebs;

gadawyvetilebaTa Ses-rulebis kontrolSi moqa-laqeTa monawileobis vadebsa da procedurebs;

uzrunvelyofen miRebuli normatiuli administraci-ul-samarTlebrivi aqtebis saqarTvelos kanonmdeblo-biT dadgenil xelmisawvdo-mobas.

kodeqsis 86-e muxli gan-

sazRvravsmunicipalitetis sakrebulos dadgenilebis proeqtis inicirebas peticiis wesiT romlis Tanaxmadac:

municipalitetis terito-riaze registrirebul amom-rCevelTa saerTo raodeno-bis aranakleb 1 procents ufleba aqvs, moamzados da municipalitetis sakrebu-los warudginos normatiuli administraciul-samarTle-brivi aqtis proeqti.

peticiis wesiT sakiTxi Se-tanili unda iqnes werilo-biT, municipalitetis sakreb-ulos dadgenilebis proeqtis saxiT, romelsac xels unda awerdes municipalitetis teritoriaze registrire-bul amomrCevelTa saerTo raodenobis aranakleb 1 pro-centisa.

peticiis wesiT Setanil proeqts Tan unda erTodes Sesabamisi gadawyvetilebis mi Rebis saWiroebis dasabuTe-

moqalaqeTa CarTuloba adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis saqmianobaSi

ba, proeqtis avtoris (av-torebis) da municipalitetis sakrebulos sxdomaze dan-iSnuli momxseneblis vinaoba da misamarTi.

kanoniT dadgenili wesiT Setanil peticias registra-ciaSi atarebs municipalite-tis sakrebulos aparati.

municipalitetis sakrebu-lo valdebulia peticiis we-siT Setanili proeqti reg-istraciidan 1 Tvis vadaSi ga nixilos sakrebulos sx-domaze.

municipalitetis sakrebu-los sxdomaze peticiis wesiT Setanili proeqtis ganxil-vaSi momxseneblis statusiT, saTaTbiro xmis uflebiT monawileobs proeqtis inici-atorTa mier daniSnuli momx-senebeli.

kodeqsis 87-e muxli gan-sazRvravs municipalitetis ko legiuri organoebis sx-domebis sajaroobas romlis Tanaxmadac:

municipalitetis sakreb-ulos, municipalitetis sak-rebulos komisiebisa da mTavrobis sxdomebi sajaroa, garda saqarTvelos kanonmde-blobiT gaTvaliswinebuli SemTxvevebisa.

kodeqsis 88-e muxli gan-

sazRvravs municipalite-tis Tanamdebobis pirisa da sakrebulos wevris sajaro angariSebis mosmenas romlis Tanaxmadac:

municipalitetis teri-to riaze registrirebul am o m rCevels ufleba aqvs,

SeuzRudavad daeswros muni-cipalitetis Tanamdebobis pi risa da sakrebulos wevris sajaro angariSebis ganxil-vas.

municipalitetis meri da sakrebulos wevri valdebu-li arian, weliwadSi erTxel mainc moawyon sajaro Sexve-dra amomrCevlebTan da maT warudginon angariSi gaweuli muSaobis Sesaxeb, agreTve upa-suxon angariSis ganxilvisas amomrCevelTa mier dasmul SekiTxvebs.

TviTmmarTvelobis pro-

cesebSi moqalaqeTa CarTu-lobis meqanizmebia:

sajaro mosmenebi: meTodi gulisxmobs oficialur mos-menas sakrebulos sxdomaze gadawyvetilebis miRebamde xe li suflebam unda misces mo qalaqeebs SesaZlebloba ga moTqvan TavianTi damok-idebuleba misaReb gadaw yve-tilebaze da mousminon maT, Tu ra aris mniSvnelovani sa-zogadoebisaTvis.

moqalaqeTa mosazrebani sakrebulos sxdomebze:

sakrebulom yovel sxdom-aze unda gamoyos dro moqa-laqeTa komentarebisTvis.

yuTebi moqalaqeTa wina-dadebebisTvis:

es Zalianioli da martivi meTodia, romelic gulisx-mobs yuTebis Camokidebas so-flebSi/qalaqebSi, raTa mo-qalaqeebs SeeZloT TavianTi winadadebebis miwodeba xeli-suflebisTvis.

fokus-jgufebi:

xelisuflebam unda ga-moiyenos fokus-jgufebi mo-qalaqeTa azris gasagebad. amisaTvis saWiroa SerCeuli moqalaqeebis jgufis Sekreba, raTa maTi saSualebiT mTli-anad sazogadoebis azris ga-geba gaxdes SesaZlebeli.

CarTulobis meqanizmebad SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas aseve: moqalaqeTa saerTo kre-ba; moqalaqeTa komitetebi; mrCevelTa sabWoebi; axalgaz-rduli sabWoebi; diskusia Ria eTerSi da sxva.

nugzar suariZeTemur Tordinava

Temi es aris geografiuli, social-uri, eTnikuri, profesiuli da poli-tikuri Zalauflebis niSniT gaer-Tianebul adamianTa erToba. TemSi gaerTianebul adamianebs aqvT saer-To Rirebulebebi, prioritetebi, so-cialuri pirobebi. es maxasiaTeble-bi ganapirobebs adamianis Temisadmi mikuTvnebulobas da uzrunvelyofs TemSi Semavali wevrebisaTvis jgufu-ri cnobierebis Camoyalibebas. Temi saerTo keTildReobis mizniT aer-Tianebs adamianebs da isini koleqti-ur saqmianobas ewevian. SesaZlebelia adamiani erTze meti Temis wevri iyos.

Temebi gansxvavdeba Tavisi dan-iSnulebis, Camoyalibebis, geo g-rafiuli sazRvrebis, Semadgenlo bis Tu sxva maxasiaTeblebis mi xed viT. SeiZleba Temebi gansxvavdebodnen erTmaneTisagan resursebis qoniT da imis mixedviT Tu ramdenad SeuZliaT dajgufebaSi Semavali individebis saWiroebebis uzrunvelyofa. re-sursebi ori tipis arsebobs: formal-uri da araformaluri. formaluri resursebi aris institutebi da sxva-dasxva tipis momsaxureba, romlebic Temis infrastruqturas qmnian. es exeba ekonomikur mxares da amgvari problemebis momsaxurebas. resurse-bis araformaluri mxare gulisxmobs ZiriTadad socialur kavSirebs. ro-melic, Temis wevrebisaTvis socialu-ri da emociuri saWiroebebis dakmay-ofilebas gulisxmobs.

Temebi gansxvavdebian sazRvre-bis nairgvarobiTac. iseTi Temebi romelTa sazRvrebi mouqnelia ga-moirCeva tradiciuli Rirebule-bebisa da dadgenili normebis mtkice dacviT. xolo iseTi Temebi, romel-Ta sazRvrebi SedarebiT moqnilia, gamoirCevian aqtiuri da pozitiuri kavSirebiT sxva Temis wevrebTan.

Tems bevri funqcia gaaCnia. Temis funqciebSi Sedis: produqciis war-moeba da misi distribucia da mox-mareba, es rac exeba ekonomikur mxares. socialur mxareSi moiaz-reba Temis wevrebis socializacia, socialuri kontroli, socialuri monawileoba.

am funqciebs TemSi Semavali sx-vadasxva institutebi asruleben: sko lebi, kolejebi, universitete-bi, soc. momsaxurebis saagentoebi, saavadmyofoebi, policia, bankebi da sxva dawesebulebebi.

Temis gaZliereba da ganviTare-ba xdeba Temis wevrTa mowadinebiT da maTi mcdelobebiT. moicavs aseve motivirebis gazrdas, adgilobrivi liderobisa da sxva institutebis ganviTarebas, rac xels uwyobs Temis gaZliereba/ganviTarebas.

ZiriTadad Temebi, ori niSniT gansxvavdebian. arsebobs teritori-uli Temebi, romlebic geografiuli niSniT arian gaerTianebulni. (same-zoblo, raioni, ubani da sxva.). kuT-vnilebiTi niSniT gansxvavebuli Te-mebi, sadac umTavresia raime niSniT adamianis mikuTvneba . (soc. muSakebis asociacia, religiuri organizacia, mweralTa organizacia).

TemTan muSaobis dros socialur muSaks sxvadasxva rolebi da fun-qciebi akisria. TemTan muSaobisas, erT-erTi mTavari procesia, saTemo mobilizacia. am dros, soc. muSaki exmareba adgilobriv Tems Seafasos sakuTari resursebi, dasaxos samo-qmedo gegma da Zalisxmeva mimarTos TemisaTvis aucilebeli problemebis mogvarebisaken. saTemo mobilizacia xuTi etapisagan Sedgeba. am etapebis dros, xdeba saTemo mobilizaciis dagegmva, sazogadoebrivi cnobiere-bis amaRleba, koaliciis Seqmna, moq-medeba da bolos, monitoringi da Se-faseba. TiToeuli etapis warmatebiT gavlis SemTxvevaSi, mizani miiRweva da Temis mobilizaciiis procesi Se-degianad mTavrdeba.

avtori: mariana gelaSviliwyaro: www.intermedia.ge

Temi rogorc socialuri fenomeni