SPSS for WINDOWS

SPSS .

, WINDOWS 95- . , , WINDOWS- ( WIZARD) . , , , (ACCESS, EXCEL, DBASE, .) , , . (VALUES), (RECODE), (SELECT CASE), , , , . WINDOWS 95- SPSS 7.0 7.5; 8.0; 9.0; 10.0; 11.1 5 , , , , , , , 50 . , , PIVOT TABLE- , , , , , , , , , , , (1980- ) .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

SPSS- Data Editor File, Edit, View, Window, Help EXCEL . :

SPSS Data Editor , , , , . SPSS Data Editor Data View, Variable View (Sheet) Data View- , Variable View- . Data View EXCEL- sheet- (sheet) . Variable View . : Name ( ) (8 ) Type , , Numeric-, String- . Width . Decimal .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Label ( ) Values . values , 2- (Add) . : . Recode- Label- . Label- Values . Missing // . Missing . Missing . Missing 2 : , . Columns . Width - . Align , . Measure Scale, /String/, , nominal, , , ordinal .

SPSS Data Editor- Variable View Data View- . EXCEL- EXCEL- 1- SPSS- OPEN data /type/ *.xls . 1- Variable View- , Data View . Data View- .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

: EXCEL- DBASE, ACCESS . SPSS EXCEL- Variable View- Copy, Paste .

FILENew - . , . Open: data - SPSS- (*.sav- .) Output (, ) . (*.spo- ) Read text data . (EXCEL- OPEN text file ) Recently used data Recently used file OUTPUT . .

EDIT, VIEW (EXCEL, WORD .) .

DATA . : Define dates - . Insert variable - Insert Case - ()

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Goto case - Sort cases - (EXCEL- ), . Transpose - , . Restucture - . 1. Restructure selected variables into cases - , , . Drop unselected variables . Create a count variable in the new file - . 2. Restructure selected cases into variables - . 2 , . 2- . 3. Transpose all data - ( ) , 3 . wizard- Restucture . Merge files - . , . MERGE . merge () () 2 Add cases - merge 2 . Add variables - .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Add variables- . : 1. 2 , ( , ) (sort) , Excluded Variables 2. Match cases . . . (check ) 3 . both - 2 . Indicate case .. (source1-) , , External , Working . (check). 3. Merge files - OK, (syntax)- () PASTE . (OK) (PASTE) RUN All( ) Selection ( ) 2- . PASTE .sps . ( OK ) (SPSS- ) , , , . Aggregate - . Aggregate

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SPSS for WINDOWS

break . aggregate values Function SUM -, MEAN , SD- , MEDIAN 50 ( ), MAX- , MIN , FIRST- (nonmissing), LAST- , , (%) (Fraction ), (missing) . (break) , , .

, .

Orthogonal Design , () . Display - SPSS- .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

: - Data Orthogonal Design Generate- SPSS (status_ , card_ ) Add . (File) SPSS (sheet) . (0 2,000,000,000 ) . Display Design - . . Split file - , , . Compare groups . Organize output by groups . Select cases - . (IF) ( , , ) ( .) -& -! . .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

, , (sampling ) Unselected cases are (filtered, deleted) 2 .

TRANSFORM . Compute , [if- ] . Target variables- , Numeric Expression , , . If , .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Random Count (target- .) (numeric values- ) (define values & IF) () Recode . 0-5 1, 6-7 2, 8-11 3 . . . . Categorize Variables . n n . 4 25 1- , 25-50 2- .

Rank Cases () (variables) (by) . (Fractional rank as %) 100- .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

: Transform Rank Cases... variables-, by- . Assign rank 1 to- .

Rank Types . Ties- . Automatic Recode new name variable-NewName- . Recode starting from- . . Replace missing values (missing value) . Greate time series / .

ANALYZE

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SPSS for WINDOWS

- , , . . REPORTS . OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) Cubes - , (univariate) .

Analyze Reports Qlap Cubes Qlap Cubes . SUMMURY Var , Groupping Variables - . Statistics Cell Statistics . Differences . Title . 2 . SPSS- PIVOT HELP Show Me .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Case Summarize - . Analyze Reports Case Summaries variables grouping variables . -title , - exclude cases with missing values - Statistics - - Select Display cases 3 . 100 . . . Report Summaries in Rows , Report Summaries in Columns - . . Descriptive-Statistics , , Frequencie - . Analyze Descriptive Statistics Frequencies-

Frequencies . Variable(s) . Statistics . Percentile Values , , , Central Tendency , , , , Dispersion , , , , , , Distribution , .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

- Chart Chart Type . - Format- Order by . , . Multiple Variables . Suppress tables with more- . Display frequency tables . - . Descriptives - Descriptive Analyze Descriptive Statistics Descriptive- Variables .

Options Dispersion, Distribution . Frequencies . Display order . Save standardized values as variables . Ok . Explore - Explore , , .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Analyze Descriptive Statistics Explore- Dependent list- , Factor list- , Label Cases by- (ID) .

, , . Plots- Boxplots .Descriptive .Normality plots with tests- , Spread vs Level with Levene test- . Options- . Ok- . Crosstabs - Crosstabs 2 , , 2 () . Analyze Descriptive Statistics Crosstabs- .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Row, column , .Layar- . -Exact . -Statistics- . -Cells- Counts- Percentages- , Residuals- . -Row order- . Display clastered bar charts- . Suppress tables- . Ok . Ratio ( - ) - Ratio Statistics . Analyze Descriptive Statistics Ratio- . Numerator- , Denominator- , Group variable- . Statistics . , , . Display results . Ok-

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SPSS for WINDOWS

. CUSTOM TABLES Basic General . General - Data View (WIZARD) . SPSS- . : Analyze -> Custom Tables->General . Rows- .

Columns- . . : Statistics Lbels Across the top , Down the side- , In the layer (Layer) . Selected variable: . Defines cells-

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Is summarized- . edit statistics , . Omit label . >Nest- () ( ) UnNest . - Edit Statistics - . : - Defines cells- - Row%- , - Col%- , - Layer%- , - Table%- , - Subtable% - - Is Summarized - - Max, Min, Median, Mode, Percentile,Percentile05,..Percentile99, Range, S.E.Mean, Std Devation, Row Sum%, ColSum%, LayerSum%, TableSum%, SumofValues, ValidValueCount, Variance, RowValid N% . . - Insert Total - . Var..Total Edit Statistics CustomTotal Statistics . Format - // . Titles - Total Label Total Total / / . . OUTPUT1 SPSS Viewer . 2 Look Table- . . 2 . : 1. Edit Select Table- Copy, Paste- EXCEL- , , . 2. Pivot Table Editor - . SPSS Viever 2 PIVOT .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

3 Layears- .

. : Bookmarks . Transpose - Layear 2 Layear 2 Pivot Pivoting Trays , , . , , layear . layear ()- . 3. SPSS Viewer . -MULTIPLE RESPONSE TABLES / / // . General Tables Multiple Response tables- . Multiple Response tables- Insert Total . SPSS Viewer

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SPSS for WINDOWS

. , Boxed . SPSS- (Edit->Options- ) . SPSS- . .

6.4. Compare Means Means Means . , . Analyze Compare Means Means . , (layer- ) Options . . One-Sample T Test One-Sample T Test - . Analyze Compare Means One-Sample T Test . Test variable- , Test value- . Options , (

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SPSS for WINDOWS

) . Independent-Sample T Test 2 () . Analyze Compare Means Independent-Sample T Test . , Options . , . Paired Sample T Test 2 - . 2 . Analyze Compare Means Paired Sample T Test . Paired variable- . Options . Options- . Ok . One-Way ANOVA (dependent) ANOVA (independent) . (ANOVA- Analysis of variance - ). Analyze Compare Means One-Way ANOVA . Contrasts . , Post Hoc Multiple- , Options , . Ok .

General Linear Model (GLM) GLM Univariate - () , (factors and/or variables) . (null hypotheses) . , .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

( ).

: Analyze General Linear Model Univariate... dependent variable Fixed Factor(s)- , Random Factor(s)- , Covariate(s)- , . WLS Weight ( weighted least-squares-WLS ) . () , , (Cooks distance) Data view . Model: full factorial model , , . . Custom . Sum of squares. (sum-of-squares) . III- . Contrasts . .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Plots - . Horizontal axis Separate lines - 2 Separate plots - 3 Add ( )- add Continue . . . *** , , , HELP Show Me ( ) . , , , . GLM Multivariate Analysis of Variance GLM Multivariate - . . 2 (dependent variables) . : Analyze General Linear Model Multivariate... 2 (dependent variables) . Fixed Factor(s) Covariate(s) WLS Weight . GLM Repeated Measures Analysis (between-subjects factor(s)) . : Analyze General Linear Model Repeated Measures... within-subjects factor (number of levels) Define . Covariates - .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

. Variance Components Analysis () . 4 Options Method . , . Include Intercept in Model . Variance- . : Analysis General Linear Model Variance Components... (Select a dependent variable) Fixed Factor(s)- , Random Factor(s)- , Covariate(s)- WLS Weight . , .

Linear Mixed Models Select Subjects/Repeated Variables . , . , . : Analyze Mixed Models Linear... Continue dependent variable - , Factor(s) , covariate , Residual weight . Fixed Random fixed-effects random-effects model . , .

Correlations- Bivariate , , (significance )

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Analyze Correlate Bivariate- .

Variables- Correlations Coefficients- Options .Statistics- , Missing values- . - . Partial () .

Analyze Correlate Partial- . Variables- .Controlling- .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Options- Statistics Missing values- . Distances . . Analyze Correlate Distances- . Variables Compute Distances- , . Measures Measure- , Transform Measure, Transform Values . .

Regression Linear , . Analyze Regression Linear- .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Dependent .Independent Selection variable- (Rule) .Case Labels- . Residuals- . Statistics . Plots- . Save- . Options- , , . WLS- . . - . Curve Estimation . Analyze Regression Curve Estimation- . Dependent- , Independent- . Models- . Save-

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Binar Logistic . . Analyze Regression Logistic- . Dependent- , Covariate- . Categorical- Categorical Covariate . Covariate- . Save : Predicted values- ; Residuals- ; Influence- Continue- . Options- - . Multinomial Logistic () . 2- . Analyze Regression Multinomial Logistic- . , , . Statistics- . Criteria- , Save- . . Ordinal - [ ] 1980 McCullagh- . Analyze Regression Ordinal- . Options .Output- , .Location- .Scale- (Scale model) . .F-, C . Probit - , . Analyze Regression Probit- .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Response Frequency- , Total Observed- , Factor- , , Covariate- , Options .Statistics- , Natural Response Rate- , Criteria . Ok . Nonlinear Nonlinear Analyze Regression Nonlinear . Dependent- , Model Expression- , Parameter , Continue . Save , Options Bootstrap estimates of standard error- .Estimation Method- . .Ok . Constrains- . Levenberg-Marquardt . Loss- ( ) . Wieght Estimation . Analyze Regression Wieght Estimation . , , Weight variable . Options ANOVA- . . 2 Stage Least Squares 2 .1- .2- .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

. Instrumental:-2 ( ) . EXPLANATORY- . Analyze Regression 2 Stage Least Squares- . , Explanatory- , Instrumental- . Options . . Optimal Scaling Categorical Analyze Regression Optimal Scaling- . , Discretize . Variables . Grouping , .Missing . Continue . Options , , . Output- .Save- Plots- .Ok 6. 9. Loglinear General . : Analyze Loglinear General Factor(s)- . Cell Covariate(s)- (cell) .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Cell Structure- Contrast Variable(s)- ( ) .

Save: Residuals- Standardized residuals- Adjusted residuals - Deviance residuals - Predicted values- Model : Satured ()- (cov) . Custom- (term) . Term- (Factors and Covariates- Terms in Model Continue ) Options : Display, Plot, Confidence interval, Criteria .

Logit Newton-Rahson-na - . Dependent , Factors 2 10- .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

: Analyze Loglinear Logit . General- . Save, Model, Options General Save, Model, Options- . . Model Selection Model Selection . Analyze Loglinear Model Selection . Factor(s), Cell Weights Model Building- Use backward elimination , Enter in single step- . Model Factor(s) Generating Class Continue Options- Display, Plot, Model Criteria- Continue Ok .

Classify . . K-Means Cluster Analysis - . . : Analyze Classify K-Means Cluster... (2 ) . , . label cases by . . Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ( ) . : Analyze Classify Hierarchical Cluster... cluster- cases cluster- variables 3 . label cases . statistics ,

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SPSS for WINDOWS

plots , method . . . Discriminant Analysis . . ( ) . :Analyze Classify Discriminant... grouping variable Define Range . Independents 2 .

select cases- value- . Statistics- , Method- stepwise , Classify- . .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Data Reduction ()Factor Analysis , ( - )- . () . , . . : Analyze Data Reduction Factor... . , . : Selection variables

value- , Discriptives- , , Extraction , , Rotation , Score : , (regression, Bartlett, Anderson-Rubin) , . .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Correspondence Analysis () 2 ( : 1, 2- .) . . . : Analyze Data Reduction Correspondence Analysis... row variable-, column variable () . model, statistics, plots . ( , ) . Optimal Scaling by Alternating Least Squares - () . : Analyze Data Reduction Optimal Scaling ptimal scaling level - () number of sets- (, ) . Define - Homogeneity Analysis (HOMALS) - , - Categorical Principal Components Analysis (CATPCA) - , - Nonlinear Canonical Correlation Analysis (OVERALS) - . OVERALS . Nonlinear Canonical Correlation Analysis (OVERALS) . . A1*y1+a2*y2 +. . + am*ym = b1*x1+b2*x2+ . . bnxn . : Analyze Data Reduction Optimal Scaling...

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Multiple sets- Some variable(s) not multiple nominal All variables multiple nominal Define . 2 Previous Next Define range and scale OK . () . Dimensions - , . 2- SPSS 3 . Options , , , , . , Help- . 6. 12. Scale (/) Multidimensional Scaling (/) , , , . , , - , - ()- , - , - ( )

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SPSS for WINDOWS

. : 1. - ( .- , , .). 2. () . 3. , () - . 4. () - . . () 2 . . , . . . - , - - - . . : Analyze Scale Multidimensional Scaling...

Distances Data are distances Create distances from data 2- . Data are distances- 4 Shape- . Measure- .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Individual

Matrices For .

model- . Level of measurement- Interval Ratio- ordinal Untie tied- . Conditionality- . Dimensions- () () . (range) . 1-6 minimum- 1- Euclidean distance- . minimum maximum 2- . Scaling Model- 2 Individual differences Euclidean distance model- negative subject weights- . ptions- Display- , Criteria- To change the defaults, enter values for S-stress convergence, Minimum S-stress value, and Maximum iterations. Treat distances less than- . . PROXSCAL . 2 . 6. 13. Nonparametric tests () Chi-Square ( ) , . : Analyze Nonparametric Tests Chi-Square... Test variable list 2 . Excepted values . . Exact . Options , .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

. Binomial Test 2 . 2 (probability parameter) 0.5 . test proportion . 1- . , , , , . : Analyze Nonparametric Tests Binomial... , . Runs Test - . . , , , , . 6. 14. Time Series Exponential Smoothing () () . - Exponential Smoothing . Exponential Smoothing Analyze Time Series Exponential Smoothing Variable(s) box .

seasonal model - Model Custom . Define Dates dialog

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SPSS for WINDOWS

on the (: seasonal model options Winters Custom seasonal component custom model ) Exponential Smoothing Trends option . Fit Data View . Autoregression Model 1- . Analyze Time Series Autoregression Dependent box Independent(s) box Method . Exact maximum-likelihood Cochrane-Orcutt Prais-Winsten 3 (Include constant in model) . Save- , , . Options . Rho- -1 1- . Convergence Criteria , (Sum of squares change) , . Display options . Arima Analysis Arima ( ) . : Analyze Time Series Arima Dependent box Independent(s) box .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Autoregressive box (order) , Model- , . Moving Average (ARIMA)- q (order of moving average of the process): 0 autoregressive process, 1 , 2 2- . (Transform list) . : None. Transform . Natural log. . Log base 10. 10 . Data menu Define Dates . Save .

Options . Arima SPSS- Trends- .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Seasonal Decomposition- . . Variable(s) . (Multiplicative Additive) .

2 . - All points equal - . - End points weighted by .+1 .5 . Display Casewise listing mooynau . , . 6. 15. SURVIVAL ( ) Life Tables 2 (: ) . (life table) .

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SPSS for WINDOWS

. : Analyze Survival Life Tables... (time) time intervals- . status- .

Factor - life table- by factor- . . Kaplan-Meier Survival Analysis - ( ) Ka-Meer () . Ka-Meer . strata- . . Cox Regression Analysis - . (covariates) . () ,

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SPSS for WINDOWS

. . . Compute Time-Dependent Covariate Cox . , . Cox . Analyze Survival Cox w/ Time-Dep Cov... T_ - Expression for- Model- Cox Regression . Covariates .

Define Multiple Response Sets- () (20 ) (frequency tables and crosstabulations) . , 7 ( : casenum, sysmis, jdate, date, time, length, and width) . (Remove), (change) . Select Categories to create a multiple category set having the same range of values as the component variables. Enter integer values for the minimum and maximum values of the range for categories of the multiple category set.

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SPSS for WINDOWS

: Analyze Multiple Response Define Sets Variable in set

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dichotomies , (range) . . Add . Close- . . Multiple Response Frequencies - (frequency tables) Multiple Response Define Sets . For multiple dichotomy sets, category names shown in the output come from variable labels defined for elementary variables in the group. If the variable labels are not defined, variable names are used as labels. For multiple category sets, category labels come from the value labels of the first variable in the group. If categories missing for the first variable are present for other variables in the group, define a value label for the missing categories. (Missing Values) . , , . Multiple Response Crosstabs - Multiple Response Define Sets- Crosstabs ..

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SPSS for WINDOWS

. .

Missing Value Analysis - 3 . : , , . , , , (listwise, pairwise, regression, or EM (expectation-maximization)) . . , (MISSING) . : Missing Value Analysis Analyze, Missing Value Analysis (categorical variables (numeric or string)) (Maximum) .

: Patterns -

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SPSS for WINDOWS

Descriptives . estimation - EM Regression , . PASTE SYNTAX . .

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