1
CHNG
1GII THIU CHUNG V H THNG THOT NCv H thng thu gom nc thi gm c : H
thng ng ng thot nc chnh (trunk sewer) Tuyn thu gom chnh (main) Tuyn
thu gom nc thi t khch hng dn vo cng chnh (main) trn ng ph
(laterals). Bm (pump) H bm nc (wet well) Ging thm (manhole or
access structure) Cng trnh cha nc (storage facilities) Cng trnh
chia tch, t hp dng chy (diverson chamber or junction chamber)
H thng thu gom nc thi c thit k thu gom, vn chuyn nc thi t khu dn
c, khu thng mi v khu cng nghip. Tuy nhin cng c nhng dng thi khc thm
vo h thng t nhng im u ni bt hp php. v Cc loi hnh vn chuyn Partially
full gravity flow : dng chy y mt phn c mt thong. Surcharged gravity
flow : dng chy qu ti. Pressure flow in force main : dng chy c p.
Pressure sewers : h thng thot nc p lc, mi khch hng c 1 bm ti nh.
Vacuum sewers : h thng thot nc chn khng bng bm chn khng. v ng dng
ca m hnh h thng thu gom : Thit k Lp qui hoch Kim sot cht lng nc
Nghin cu vn hnh Ci to m rng
v Cc loi hnh m phng h thng thu gom (2 loi) Steady-State flow
(dng chy n nh) Unsteady flow (dng chy khng n nh)
M hnh dng chy n nh dng tnh cng sut vn chuyn lu lng ln nht, v xc
nh nu h thng ti vi lu lng thp th c m bo vn tc t lm sch khng ?Bin
son : KS.V Quang Huy - Email: [email protected] Trng i Hc Kin
Trc H Ni 2007N2
2 M hnh dng chy khng n nh l m hnh rt quan trng dng tnh nhng h
thng c s dao ng lu lng nc thi ln, c bm hoc b cha. N cho bit din ton
dng chy trn ton h thng. phc v thit k th ch cn dng m hnh dng chy n
nh. Nhng trong qun l v vn hnh, kim sot ngp lt th m hnh dng khng n
nh l rt quan trng.
CHNG
2STEADY GRAVITY FLOW HYDRAULICS(Thy lc dng chy n nh) Dng cht lng
trong cng thot nc chia thnh dng chy trong cng kn (full pipe or
closed conduit) v dng chy trong knh h (open-channel) ph thuc vo mt
thong tip xc vi kh quyn. Trong knh h, bn thn trng lc to ra lc di
chuyn cht lng. y l iu kin ph bin nht trong h thng thot nc. Dng chy
trong knh h li c phn thnh dng chy n nh hay khng n nh, v u hay khng
u. Dng chy n nh l dng chy c su dng chy h v vn tc dng chy V khng
thay i theo thi gian. Trng hp gp dng khng n nh, nu xt ti mt thi im
th dng cng l dng n nh. Dng chy n nh u (steady flow, uniform) l dng
chy c h v V khng thay i theo thi gian v khng gian. Vi dng n nh th
khng c s thay i lu lng theo thi gian. Trong iu kin dng u, cc tnh
cht ca dng chy h, V khng i theo chiu di knh. Dng chy u ch xy ra
trong nhng knh dc v c mt ct knh khng i (knh lng tr). su dng chy u
gi l su dng u (normal depth). V dng u ch xut hin khi dng chy phi n
nh. iu kin ny thng c gi nh trong tnh ton thy lc h thng thot nc. Vic
phn tch dng chy n nh u yu cu p dng cc nh lut bo ton nng lng v phng
trnh lin tc. Dng chy n nh khng u (steady flow, nonuniform) l dng
chy c su h v vn tc V khng thay i theo thi gian, nhng thay i dc chiu
di dng chy. Dng chy n nh khng u ch xy ra trong knh c s thay i v d
dc cng nh mt ct knh. Dng chy khng u trong knh thng gp trong cc trng
hp :Bin son : KS.V Quang Huy - Email: [email protected] Trng i
Hc Kin Trc H Ni 2007N2
3 Knh y ngang S0=0, knh dc nghch S00 nhng tuyn knh c nhiu on vi
dc khc nhau, nhm thay i theo chiu di. su ca nc ti thng lu v h lu on
knh khc su dng chy u trong knh. Trong tuyn knh c p trn, cng iu tit
lm cho su trong knh khc su chy u.
Da theo s thay i ca 2 bin su v vn tc dng chy khng u trong knh c
phn thnh dng thay i dn v dng thay i t ngt. + Dng chy khng u thay i
dn (gradually varied flow) l dng chy c cc ng dng gn nh song song,
su v vn tc ca dng chy thay i dn dc theo chiu di tuyn knh, gia tc i
lu khng ng k, p sut coi nh phn b u theo qui lut thy tnh. + Dng chy
khng u thay i t ngt (spatially varied flow) thng gp ti ch vo cng
trnh, trc v sau p trn, bc nc, nc nhy, ch thay i tit din knh. thit k
kch thc knh, ngi ta thng chn mt lu lng thit k no tnh knh theo dng
chy u. Tuy nhin, trong qun l v vn hnh h thng, kim sot din bin su,
vn tc, ng mt nc, kh nng ngp lt dc chiu di tuyn knh phi tnh knh theo
dng chy khng u.
Bin son : KS.V Quang Huy - Email: [email protected] Trng i Hc
Kin Trc H Ni 2007N2
4
PHN MM M PHNG H THNG THOT NC MA StormNET(Worlds Best Stormwater
Modeling Software) StormNET s lm gia tng hiu sut thit k cho cc k s
bng cch lm gim thi gian thit k t 4 tun xung cn 2 ngy. StormNET l mt
m hnh thy lc, thy vn ng lc hc hon ton y c th phn tch cho c h thng
thot nc ma n gin v h thng thot nc ma phc tp. StormNET c th s dng
cho : H thng tiu thot nc trn ng giao thng (gm cc ca thu b va v rnh
thot nc ma). Mng li thot nc ma, nc thi v kt hp vi h iu ha. Thit k
thot nc phn vng. T ng ha qu trnh xc nh kch thc v thit k h iu ha v
cc cng trnh x nc. M phng cu qua sng, cng qua ng, bao gm c s chy trn
trn mt ng. Phn tch cht lng nc. H thng thu gom nc thi sinh hot, trm
bm nng nc, CSO (h thng thot nc chung) v SSO (h thng thot nc
ring).
StormNET l m hnh duy nht kt hp cc m hnh thy lc, thy vn phc tp vi
nhau v nghin cu cht lng nc trong giao din ha thn thin d s dng. Cung
cp cho c h SI v h US. Backed by Industry Leaders (c bo lnh bi cc nh
lnh o cng nghip) StormNET c chp nhn bi FEMA v tt c cc bang v chi
nhnh chnh ph lin bang. Dng c phn tch SWMM ca StormNET l mt n lc cng
tc gia Camp Dresser & McKee (CDM) v U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA). SWMM l m hnh thot nc thi v thot nc ma c
chp nhn rng ri nht Bc M, cng vi s chp nhn trn ton cu. CDM l mt
trong nhng ngi u tin xy dng SWMM v lin tc cung cp v ci tin cc cng c
qua nhiu nm cung vi EPA. Easy Model Development (d dng xy dng m
hnh) StormNET d dng hc v s dng. Cc m hnh ca StormNET c th c xy dng
mt cch nhanh chng bng cch s dng cc ngun ti nguyn khc nhau. Chng hn,
cc thnh phn ca mng li c th nhp trc tip t AutoCAD, MicroStation, v
ArcGIS v c th c to mt cch ch ng bng cc click chut n gin. Hoc l, vic
xy dng v phn tch ton b mng li thot nc ma trong AutoCAD Civil 3D c
th c thc hin bng phin bn StormNET Civil 3D. Cc k hiu ha c s dng i
din cho cc thnh phn trn mng li nh ging thm, cng, bm, p trn, rnh,
knh v h iu ha. StormNET cho php bn ch ng thm bt hay di chuyn bt c
thnh phn no ca mng li vo bt c lc no v s c t ng cp nht trong m hnh.
V d, vic chn v di chuyn mt ging thm s di chuyn mt cch t ng cc ng ng
ni, rnh, knh v bm i km i tng . Cc ng ng c thBin son : KS.V Quang
Huy - Email: [email protected] Trng i Hc Kin Trc H Ni 2007N2
5 v StormNET Features (cc tnh nng ca StormNET) 1. AutoCAD
Intergration (tch hp AutoCAD) StormNET c sn nh mt nn tng c lp trong
phin bn AutoCAD Civil 3D, c xy dng gia tng hiu sut, tit kim thi
gian v gim chi ph. Phin bn c lp ny c th chia s d liu thit k h thng
thot nc ma v h thng thot nc sinh hot mt cch khng lin mch vi AutoCAD
Land Desktop v Civil 3D bng cch s dng LandXML. Hoc nu mun s dng c
ton b chc nng v cc cng c tch hp trong Civil 3D vi StormNET Civil 3D
- c xy dng thit k trn vn h thng giao thng, cng trnh xy dng, h thng
thot nc ma, thot nc thi v cc d n phn khu vi hiu qu nhanh hn n 50%.
Vic cp nht kch thc cng, cao y cng, y ga, cao mt t.. s c t ng cp nht
vo trong bn v AutoCAD. Mc ti tn ca cc cng c tch hp s cho php bn gia
tng hiu sut thit k mt cch tuyt vi.
Bin son : KS.V Quang Huy - Email: [email protected] Trng i Hc
Kin Trc H Ni 2007N2
6
2. Automated Detention Pond Design (t ng ha thit k cc cng trnh
iu ha) 3. Advance TR-55, TR-20, Rational Method Stormwater Software
(tch hp cc phng php tin tin nh TR-55, TR-20, phng php ha hn trong
phn mm) 4. Interconnected Pond Routing (lin kt din ton h) 5.
Automated Highway Drainage Design (thit k thot nc cho ng giao thng)
6. Water Quality Modeling (m phng cht lng nc) 7. NPDES Support
(cung cp NPDES) 8. Advance SWMM Modeling Support (cung cp m hnh tin
tin SWMM) 9. Advance GIS Stormwater and Wastewater (s dng cng ngh
tin tin GIS cho h thng thot nc ma v h thng thot nc thi) 10. Design
& Check Sanitary Sewer (thit k v kim tra h thng thot nc thi
sinh hot) 11. Included H&H Toolbox (gm hp dng c thy vn v thy
lc) 12. Advance Capabilities (cc kh nng tin tin)
Bin son : KS.V Quang Huy - Email: [email protected] Trng i Hc
Kin Trc H Ni 2007N2
