Survey and Alignment of the J-PARC - SLAC

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Survey and Alignment of the J-PARC Kenji Mishima1 , Naohiro Abe PASCO, Higashiyama 1-1-2, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, JAPAN, Norio Tani, Takatoshi Morishita, Akira Ueno, Shinichiro Meigo, Masahide Harada JAEA, Tokai-Village, Ibaraki-Ken, JAPAN Masashi Shirakata, Masanori Ikegami, Masakazu Yoshioka, Takanobu Ishii, Takao Oogoe, Yasunori Takeuchi, Yoshiaki Fujii, Hiroyuki Noumi, Hitoshi Kobayashi KEK, Oho 1-1, Tsukuba-City, Ibaraki-Ken, JAPAN

1 [email protected]

1. INTRODUCTION

N

totalview_1.ai

Linac

3GeVSynchrotron

50GeVSynchrotron

Materials and Life Science Facility

Neutrino Beamline

Accelerator-Driven Transmutation

Nuclear and Particle Physics Experimental Hall

Experimental Facility

Figure 1 : Schematic View of This Facility

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9th International Workshop on Accelerator Alignment, September 26-29, 2006

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The High Intensity Proton Accelerator Facility, which is refers to as “J-PARC” project (Japan Proton Accelerator

Research Complex), is constructing at the Tokai Campus of JAEA, about 130 kilometers northern east of Tokyo in

Japan (see Figure 3). This facility is constructed as joint project of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) and the

High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK).

This accelerator complex consists of following accelerators (see Figure 1) :

(1) 400 MeV normal conducting Linac,

(2) 600 MeV superconducting Linac to increase the energy from 400 MeV to 600 MeV,

(3) 3 GeV synchrotron ring, which provides proton beams at 333 mA (1MW), and

(4) 50 GeV synchrotron ring, which provides proton beam at 15 mA (0.75 MW).

These accelerators are located on the extensive area about 1000 meters to north and south, and about 500 meters

to east and west (see Figure 2).

N

size_1.ai

500

m

1000 m

Linac

3GeV Synchrotron

50GeV Synchrotron

310 m

Circumference : 300 m

Circumference : 1570 m

Figure 2 : Approximate dimension of this complex

Especially, one of many experiments on the 50 GeV proton synchrotron is the neutrino oscillation using the Super-

Kamiokande as a detector. The distance from this J-PARC to the Super-Kamiokande is 300 kilometers. Therefore, this

is a huge machine about 300 kilometers to west and east (see Figure 3 at next page). Consequently, survey work must

consider the curvature of the earth.

The status report of survey and alignment at J-PARC has presented on previous work shop, which is IWAA2004 at

CERN. The title of the report was “Geodetic Survey Work of High Intensity Proton Accelerator Facility”, and the report

presented the result of surveying from year of 2002 to year of 2003. This is a report from year of 2003 to year of 2005,

and the continuation of the last report.

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2. GEODETIC SURVEY (SURFACE NETWORK)

Final goal of survey is to align components of accelerator according to design orbit within required tolerance.

Therefore, the purpose of this geodetic survey is conformation of the agreement of the accelerator machine into the

accelerator tunnel, and outside of facility with Super-Kamiokande away to the west at 300 kilometers (see Figure 3 and

Figure 4).

J-PARC

Super-Kamiokande

300 km

Tokyo

kamiokande_jparc_1.ai

Figure 3 : Schematic view of Super-Kamiokande and J-PARC (1)

Angle from the horizontal at J-PARC to Super-Kamiokende

Super-Kamiokande

Horizontal PlaneJ-PARC

kamiokande_jparc_2.ai

the Surface of the earth

Neutrino beam

Figure 4 : Schematic view of Super-Kamiokande and J-PARC (2)

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2.1. The Result of Surveying from 2003 to 2005

Figure 7 shows the displacement of monuments from

February 2003 to February 2005. Because there were a lot of

trees and the prospect between monuments for the surveying was

bad. So, these had been surveyed by GPS (Global Positioning

System), and the survey network is Figure 8.

Most accelerator tunnels are constructed by the open cut

method (cut and cover tunneling method). So, the foundation was

displaced because of the change in the load and the release of the

stress. The monument of №2 and №3 was the most typical

displacement, and these have been displaced toward into the

trench (see Figure 5).

2.2. The Result of Surveying from 2005 to 2006

Figure 10 shows the displacement of monuments from February

2005 to February 2006. As the construction work became the last

stage, the visibility for the surveying has extended along with it.

Then, the surveying method was changed from the GPS survey to

the traverse survey. It is the reason why the total station which is

TDA5005 is more highly accurate than the GPS (see Figure 9 and

Figure 11).

There are big displacements in Figure 10. These are the

following causes:

(1) Tunneling works and building constructions

were closed to last stage, the foundation of this area

was under huge load changing.

(2) The Surveying method has changed from the GPS to the total station.

The surface network had been tied to accelerator tunnel through six survey shafts (finally fourteen survey shafts and

see Figure 12). Vectors of displacements in Figure 10 were decided as following process:

(1) Coordinates of monuments were computed by surveying data (angles and distances) with the free

network adjustment.

(2) Many cases of vectors were computed by combining referential monuments.

(3) The case of minimum vectors in accelerator tunnels was adopted.

Figure 5 : Typical displacement of monuments

Figure 6 : Surveying for surface network by TS

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Figure 7 : The hysteresis of displacement vector of monuments from the year of 2003 to 2005

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Figure 8 : The survey network by GPS from the year of 2003 to 2005

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Figure 9 : Error ellipse by GPS at the year of 2005

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Figure 10 : Displacement vector of monuments from year of 2005 to 2006

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Figure 11 : The survey network and error ellipses at February, 2006

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Figure 12 : The survey shaft

Figure 13 : Floor monuments in accelerator tunnels

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3. SURVEY AND ALIGNMENT (TUNNEL NETWORK)

Phase 1: Blue line survey on the accelerator tunnel floor. Phase 2: Installing of components in the accelerator tunnel Phase 3: Pre-alignment of components Phase 4: Fine alignment of components Phase 5: Smoothing

Phased alignment has started in each facility toward final alignment.

3.1. Case of 3 GeV Ring

Figure 14 : Displacements of floor monuments in 3GeV Ring

Figure 14 shows displacements of floor monuments in 3GeV Synchrotron ring from August 2005 to February 2006.

It seems that it influences by the heat contraction because most vectors for the center of this synchrotron ring. The

purpose of this survey is performed to lay out the anchor bolt positions. Therefore, The blue line survey had been

executed as it was.

In addition, pre-alignment has been started since beginning of this month.

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3.2. Another Accelerators

The status of alignment in each accelerators and facilities are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 : Status of survey and alignment

Accelerators and Facilities Status of Phase

Liniac Fine alignment and Smoothing

3 GeV Synchrotron Pre-alignment

50GeV Synchrotron Blue line survey, Installing and Pre-alignment

Material and Life Science Facility Blue line survey, Installing, Pre and Fine alignment

Nuclear and Particle Physics Experimental Hall Blue line survey, Installing and Pre-alignment

Neutrino Facility Under Constructing

4. CURVATURE CORRECTION FOR BEAM HEIGHT

Table 2 : The influence of curvature of the earth on the beam height

l [ m ] Hδ [mm]

50 0.20

100 0.78

200 3.14

300 7.06

400 12.56

500 19.62

1000 78.49

It is general that the height of components of accelerator is aligned along a horizontal plane. However, this straight

line is a parallel straight line to curvature of the earth, and no straight line for the beam (see Figure 15 and

Table 2).

The radius of curvature in meridian, prime vertical and vertical cut are different according to latitude and the

longitude. Therefore, it is necessary to set the tangential plane by the latitude and the longitude.

Figure 15 : The influence of curvature of the earth on the base plane

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4.1. Base Plane of each accelerators

Figure 16 : Base planes for correction for beam height

Figure 16 shows base planes in the J-PARC. Each base plane is skewed (see Figure 17).

Figure 17 : Relation of each base plane

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4.2. Method of the Correction for Beam Height by Curvature of the Earth

Figure 18 : schematic view of the ellipsoid and the normal vector on the surface

The position of the earth can be represented as equation (1) in geocentric 3D coordinate by latitude φ , longitude λ

and the radius of curvature in prime vertical Q on GRS 80 ellipsoid.

( )φ λ

φ λ φ λ

φ

⎧⎪ =⎪⎪ =⎨⎪⎪ =⎪⎩

2

2

cos cos

, : cos sin

sin

x Q

S y Q

bz Qa

(1).

The derivative of the equation (1) with latitude φ and longitude λ gives their tangent lines. The result is shown in (2).

( )

φ λ φ λ φφ φ φ φ

φ λ φ λλ λ λ λ

⎛ ⎞∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ ⎛ ⎞= = − −⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ ⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠

∂ ∂ ∂ ∂⎛ ⎞= = −⎜ ⎟∂ ∂ ∂ ∂⎝ ⎠

2

2, , sin cos , sin sin , cos

, , cos sin , cos cos , 0

S x y z bQ Q Qa

S x y zQ Q

(2).

Then the normal vector is represented as equation (3).

φ λ φ λ φλ φφ λ

φ φλ φ

⎛ ⎞∂ ∂× ⎜ ⎟∂ ∂ ⎝ ⎠= =

∂ ∂ ⎛ ⎞× +⎜ ⎟∂ ∂ ⎝ ⎠

2 2

2 2

222 2

2

cos cos , cos sin , sin( , )

cos sin

b bS Sa a

nS S b

a

(3).

The normal vector is substituted with φ λ α β γ=0 0 0 0( , ) ( , , )n . The equation of the base plane which contains the

point on the surface of the earth 0 0 0 0( , , )P x y z is

α β γ− + − + − =0 0 0 0 0 0( ) ( ) ( ) 0x x y y z z (4).

Coordinates of fiducial Points on each component are calculated by its latitude and its longitude. The correction value

for the beam height is the distance from these coordinates to this base plane.

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4.3. The Result of Correction value for the beam height

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

0 11 21 31 43 52 61 71 81 91 102

112

122

130

141

151

162

170

180

190

200

210

221

231

242

254

261

272

282

292

302

311

317

328

339

348

360

368

380

388

398

409

415

423

The Distance from Ion Soruce [ m ]

Cor

rect

ion

Val

ue fo

r the

The

Bea

m H

eigh

t in

Lin

ac

　[ m

m ]

卯酉線と子午線の曲率半径による補正

基準平面までの距離

Arc Section

3GeV Injection PointThe Sction of North and South

τηε Σεχτιον οφ Ω εστ ανδ Εαστ

The Correction with the Radius of Curvature in meridian and Prime VerticalDistance to Base Plane

Figure 19 : Distances from magnets to base plane in the Linac

Figure 19 shows distances from components to the base line in the Linac. Components of the Linac are located in

north and south at upstream and in west and east at downstream. The beam heights of components are affected by radius

of curvature in meridian at upstream in Linac, by radius of curvature in prime cut at down stream in Linac. Blue plots in

Figure 19 are calculated by both radius of curvature. The ion source and the injection point in 3GeV Synchrotron should

be equal in the height. These correction values by both radiuses of curvature do not have correspondence because the

joint of the arc section is difficult. Red plots in Figure 19 are calculated by distances to base plane in the Linac. The ion

source and the injection point in 3GeV Synchrotron are equal in the height. Therefore, the correction by the base plane

is better for the beam height.

Figure 20 shows distances from components in the Linac and 3GeV synchrotron to base plane of 3GeV. Correction

value at the end of Linac is 12.5 millimeters. Therefore, It is right to have set three base planes.

Figure 21 shows the case of 50GeV Synchrotron Ring. The maximum of distance to base plane in 50GeV

synchrotron is about 1.25 millimeters even though its circumference is 1,540 meters. The reason for this is that three

straight sections are about 120 meters. Therefore, it is not necessary to correct curvature of the earth if there is no

straight section.

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0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

14.00

0 16 31 41 46 52 57 63 68 74 79 84 91 96 101

106

116

132

148

157

162

168

174

179

184

190

195

200

207

213

218

223

233

248

264

273

278

284

290

296

301

306

311

317

323

329

334

339

345

363

381

403

423

441

464

488

509

526

548

570

590

610

629

648

669

689

709

729

748

767

The Distace from 3GeV Synchrotron Center [ m ]

Cor

rect

ion

Val

ue fo

r the

Bea

m H

eigh

t in

Lina

c &

3G

eV [

mm

]

3GeV Injection Point

Ion Source

3GeV Synchrotron Ring

Linac

Beam Stream

3GeV Injection Point

Figure 20 : Distances from magnets in 3GeV Ring and Linac to base plane of the 3GeV Synchrotron

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

0 36 71 94 121

154

177

214

237

270

297

324

357

380

417

440

473

500

522

558

594

616

643

676

699

736

759

793

819

846

879

902

939

962

996

1022

1045

1081

1116

1139

1165

1199

1222

1259

1282

1315

1342

1369

1402

1434

1470

1503

1526

1560

The Distance from Injection Point　[ m ]

Cor

rect

ion

Val

ue f

or t

he B

eam

Hei

ght

in 5

0GeV

Syn

chro

tron

Rin

g

[mm

] 1st Arc Section

First Arc Section

2nd Arc Section 3rd Arc Section

2nd Arc Section

3rd Arc Section

1.25 [mm]

Figure 21 : Distances from magnets to base plane in the Linac

References

[1] Kenji Mishima, Others, “Geodetic Survey Work of High Intensity Proton Accelerator Facility”, IWAA’04,

CERN, September 2004.

[2] R.Ruland, “HANDBOOK of ACCELERATOR PHYSICS and ENGIEERING”, .

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Survey and Alignment of the J-PARC - SLAC