Suy Luan Nhanh Dua Vao Dap An

8/3/2019 Suy Luan Nhanh Dua Vao Dap An

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THUVIENDIENTU.ORG [T SCH LUYN THI I HC]

Bin son GV: Nguyn Cao Chung - 1 -

Chuyn : CHIN THUT SUY LUN NHANH DA VO

P N

V d 1:(D b H -09) a mt hn hp kh N2 v H2c t l 1: 3 vo thp tng hp, sau phn ng thy thtch kh i ra gim 1/10 so vi ban u. Tnh thnh phn phn trm v th tch ca hn hp kh sau phn ng. A. 20%, 60%, 20% B. 22.22%, 66.67%, 11.11% C. 30%, 60%, 10% D. 33.33%, 50%, 16.67%

Hng dn gii:*Phng php thng thng

N2 + 3H2 2NH3Ban u: 1 3Phn ng: a 3a 2aCn bng: 1-a 3-3a 2a

Th tch kh gim : 2a

Theo : 2a/4=1/10 a=0.2 %N2 %22.22%100*2*2.04

2.01

chn B

*Phn tch + Trong phn ng c hiu sut nh hn 100%, nu t l cc cht tham gia phn ng bng ng h

s cn bng phng trnh th sau phn ng phn cht d cng c t l ng bng h s cn bng trong phnng. C th trng hp ny l 1:3. Do A v B c kh nng l p n ng+ Trong phn ng tng hp amoniac, th tch kh gim sau phn ng ng bng th tch kh NH 3

sinh ra, do , trong trng hp ny, %NH3 = 10% hn hp u hay l 1/9 = 11.11% hn hp sau.Do B lp n ng.V d 2:t chy hon ton mt axit X thu c 0,6mol CO2 v 0,5 mol H2O.Cng thc cu to ca X:A. (COOH)2 B. HOOC-(CH2 )2 -COOH C. HOOC-CH2-COOH D. HOOC-(CH2)3 -COOH

Phn tch: Da vo p n ta thy tt cc cc axit l no hai chc cng thc TQ l: C2H2n-2O4c 2lk pi gingankin(ankadien) nn

2 2CO H O axit pun n 0,6 0,5 0,1 n ;

S nguyn t Cac bon = 2CO

axit

n 0,5C 5

n 0,1

=>p n D

V d 3:(H-07) Khi t chy hon ton 4,4 gam cht hu c X n chc thu c sn phm chy ch gm4,48 lit CO2(ktc) v 3,6 gam nc. Nu cho 4,4 gam hp cht X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH va nkhi phn ng hon ton, thu c 4,8 gam mui ca axit hu c Y v cht hu c Z. Tn gi ca X l.a. isopropyl axetat b. etyl axetat c. metyl propionat d. etyl propionat

Phn tch:Nhn thykhi lng mui > khi lng este => gc ru trong este nh hn Na :23 nn gcancol l CH3 - (15) < 23 => p n C ngV d 4:Mt este hu c n chc c thnh phn khi lng mC:mO = 9:8. Cho este trn tc dng vi mtlng dd NaOH va thu c mt mui c khi lng bng 41/37 khi lng este. CTCT este lA. HCOOCH=CH2. B. HCOOCCH. C. HCOOC2H5. D. CH3COOCH3

Phn tch: Khng cn gii nhn thy khi lng mui > khi lng este => gc ru trong este nh hn Na:23 nn gc ancol l CH3 - (15) < 23 => p n D ngV d 5: (C- 07)t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) X thu c CO2 v H2O c t l s mol tng ng l3 : 4. Th tch kh oxi cn dng t chy Xbng 1,5 ln th tch kh CO2 thu c (cng iu kin). Cng

thc phn tca X l: A. C3H8O2. B. C3H8O3. C. C3H4O. D. C3H8O.

Phn tch:Nhn thy 2

2

O

CO

nT 1,5

n ancol no,nchc, mch h(CnH2n+2O ) => p n D. Suy lun nh

vy rt nhanh khng cn tnh ton, dnh thi gian gii quyt cc bi ton khc.V d 6:(H-09) Ho tan hon ton 2,9 gam hnhp gm kim loi M v oxit ca n vo nc, thu c 500ml dung dch cha mt cht tan c nng 0,04M v 0,224 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Kim loi M l

A. Na. B. Ca. C. Ba. D. K.Phn tch:Da vo p n ta thy KL l ha tr II hoc ha tr I,ta ln lt xt hai trng hp:Nu l KL ha tr II: MO + H2O => M(OH)2 ; M + H2O => M(OH)2 + H2

0,01 0,01 mol 0,01 0,01 0,01mol


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2,9 = 0.01(M+16) + M*0,01 =>M =137 =>Ba

V d 7 : (H-10) Hn hp M gm axit cacboxylic X, ancol Y (u n chc, s mol X gp hai ln s molY) v este Z c to ra t X v Y. Cho mt lng M tc dng va vi dung dch cha 0,2 mol NaOH, tora 16,4 gam mui v 8,05 gam ancol. Cng thc ca X v Y l

A. HCOOH v CH3OH B. CH3COOH v CH3OH C. HCOOH v C3H7OH D. CH3COOH v C2H5OHPhn tch::Gi s mol: RCOOH a ; ROH a ; RCOOR bTheo gi thit: nRCOONa = a + b = 0,2 mol. MRCOONa = 82 R = 15. (CH3). X l CH3COOH

Loi p n: A v C. (a + b) < nROH = a + b < a + b 0,1 < nROH < 0,240,25 < Mancol< 80,5. Loi p n B => p n D

BI TP RN LUYNCu 1a:0,1 mol axit A tc dng va vi 0,2 mol NaHCO 3. t chy 0,1 mol A th khi lng H2O vtqu 3,6 gam. CTCT thu gn ca axit l:

A. CH3CH2COOH B. HOOCC C COOHC. HOOCCH = CHCOOH D. HOOCCH2CH2COOH

Cu 1b: (D b H - 09) t chy 1.6 gam mt este E n chc c 3.52 gam CO2 v 1.152 gam H2O. Nucho 10 gam E tc dng vi 150ml dung dch NaOH 1M , c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 16 gam chtrn khan . Vy cng thc ca axit to nn este trn c th l :

A. CH2=CH-COOH B. CH2=C(CH3)-COOHC. HOOC(CH2)3CH2OH D. HOOC-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3

Cu 2a:Cht hu c A cha cc nhm chc c nguyn t H linh ng. A b oxi ho bi CuO un nng toanehit. Ly 13,5 gam A phn ng va vi NaOH c 16,8 gam mui khan. CTCT ca A l:

A. HOCH2CH2COOH B. CH3CH(OH)COOHC. CH2(OH)CH(OH)COOH D. HOCH2CH(COOH)2

Cu 2b:(C -10) Cho 16,4 gam hn hp X gm 2 axit cacboxylic l ng ng k tip nhau phn ng honton vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M v KOH 1M, thu c dung dch Y. C cn dung dch Y, thu c 31,1gam hn hp cht rn khan. Cng thc ca 2 axit trong X lA. C3H6O2

v C4H8O2. B. C2H4O2

v C3H6O2. C. C2H4O2

v C3H4O2. D. C3H4O2

v C4H6O2

Cu 3:Thu phn 0,2 mol este X cn 0,6 mol NaOH thu c 0,4 mol CHO2Na; 0,2 mol C2H3O2Na v 18,4g

ancol Y. CTPT ca X l: A. C6H12O6 B. C7H10O6 C. C8H10O6 D. C8H14O6Cu 4 :t chy hon ton 10,3 g mt cht hu c X c dX/H2 = 51,5 bng oxi ,thu c 8,1 gam H2O v10,08 lt (kc) hn hp N2 v CO2. ung nng X vi kim c etanol to thnh .Cu to ca X l:

A. H2N-CH2-COOC2H5 B. H2N-C6H5-COOC2H5

C. HCOONH3CH2CH3 D. C2H5OOCOC2H5

Cu 5(H 07): Cho 4,48 lt hn hp X ( ktc) gm 2 hirocacbon mch h li t t qua bnh cha 1,4 ltdung dch Br20,5M. Sau khi phn ng hon ton, s mol Br2gim i mt na v khi lng bnhtng thm6,7 gam. Cng thc phn t ca 2 hirocacbon lA. C2H2 v C4H8. B. C3H4 v C4H8. C. C2H2 v C3H8. D. C2H2 v C4H6.Cu 6(H A-10): Hn hp kh X gm imetylamin v hai hirocacbon ng ng lin tip. t chy hon

ton 100 ml hn hp X bng mt lng oxi va , thu c 550 ml hn hp Y gm kh v hi nc. Nu choY i qua dung dch axit sunfuric c (d) th cn li 250 ml kh (cc th tch kh v hi o cng iu kin).Cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon l

A. C2H6 v C3H8 B. C3H6 v C4H8 C. CH4 v C2H6 D. C2H4 v C3H6Cu 7:(H - 07) Thu phn hon ton 444 gam mt lipit thu c 46 gam glixerol (glixerin) v hai loi axitbo. Hai loi axit bo l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16 )

A. C15H31COOH v C17H35COOH. B. C17H33COOH v C15H31COOH.

C. C17H31COOH v C17H33COOH. D. C17H33COOH v C17H35COOH.

Cu 8: (H -10) Hn hp M gm anhit X (no, n chc, mch h) v hircacbon Y, c tng s mol l 0,2(s mol ca X nh hn ca Y). t chy hon ton M, thu c 8,96 lt kh CO 2 (ktc) v 7,2g H2O.Hircacbon Y l A. CH4 B. C2H2 C. C3H6 D. C2H4

Cu 9: Cng thc n gin nht ca mt axit hu c X l (CHO) n. C 1 mol X tc dng ht vi NaHCO3 thuc 2 mol CO2. X c ng phn hnh hc. Cng thc cu to ca X l: A. axit lactic B. axit fumaric C. axit oleic D. axit aipic


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Cu 10:(H-10) Cho 7,1 gam hn hp gm mt kim loi kim X v mt kim loi kim th Y tc dng htvi lng d dung dch HCl long, thu c ,56 lt kh (ktc). Kim loi X, Y l

A. natri v magie. B. liti v beri. C. kali v canxi. D. kali v bari.

Cu 11: Hai cht X v Y c cng cng thc phn t C 2H4O2. Cht X phn ng c vi kim loi Na vthamgia phn ng trng bc. ChtY phn ng c vi kim loi Na v ho tan c CaCO 3. Cng thc ca

X, Y ln lt l:A. HOCH2CHO, CH3COOH. B. HCOOCH3, CH3COOH.

C. CH3COOH, HOCH2CHO. D. HCOOCH3, HOCH2CHO.

Cu 12: Hn hp X gm 2 ancol no c cng s nguyn t C , 2

Xd 36,4

H .t chy hon ton 9,1g X thu

c 0,375 mol CO2.Mt khc 9,1g X phn ng va vi 225 ml dd HCl 1M. Hai ancol no sau y lkhngphi ca hh X:A. C3H7OH v C3H6(OH)2 B. C3H7OH v C3H5(OH)3C. C3H6(OH)2 v C3H5(OH)3 D. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2Cu 13 : t chy hon ton a mol axit hu cY c 2a mol CO2. Mt khc, trung ha a mol Ycn va 2a mol NaOH. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca Y lA. HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH. B. C2H5-COOH. C. CH3-COOH. D. HOOC-COOH.

Cu 14: Khi t 0,1 mol mt cht X (dn xut ca benzen), khi lng CO2thu c nh hn 35,2 gam. Bitrng, 1 mol X ch tc dng c vi 1 mol NaOH. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X lA. C2H5C6H4OH. B. HOCH2C6H4COOH. C. HOC6H4CH2OH. D. C6H4(OH)2.

Cu 15: a) Hp chthucX tc dngc vi dung dch NaOH un nng v vi dung dch AgNO3trongNH3. Th tch ca 3,7 gam hicht Xbng th tch ca 1,6 gam kh O2(cng iukinvnhit v psut). Khi t chy hon ton 1 gam X th th tch kh CO2 thu c vt qu 0,7 lt (ktc). Cng thccu toca X l a. HCOOC2H5. b. HOOC-CHO. c. CH3COOCH3. d. O=CH-CH2-CH2OH.Cu 16Cht X cha C, H, O c khi lng phn t bng 74. X tc dng c vi dungdch NaOH v dungdch AgNO3 / NH3. Khi t chy 7,4g X thy th tch CO2thu c vt qu 4,7 lt ( iu kin tiu chun).Xc nh cng thc cu to ca X:

A. CH3COOCH3 B. HCOOCH3 C. HCOOC2H5 D. HCOOHCu 17:(H-09) un nng hnhp hai ancol nchc, mchhvi H2SO4 c, thu c hnhpgm ccete. Ly 7,2 gam mt trong cc ete emt chy hon ton, thu c 8,96 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v7,2 gam H2O. Hai ancol l

A. C2H5OH v CH2=CH-CH2-OH. B. C2H5OH v CH3OH.

C. CH3OH v C3H7OH. D. CH3OH v CH2=CH-CH2-OH.

Cu 18:t chy hon ton 4,02 g hn hp mt ankanol v mt ankanal c cng s nguyn t cc bon thuc 7,92 g CO2. Hai cht trong X l:

A. CH3OH v HCHO B. C2H5OH v CH3CHO C. C3H7OH v C2H5CHO D. C2H5OH v C2H5CHOCu 19 : Hn hp X gm 2 andehit no c s mol bng nhau.Cho 2,04 g X ha hi th thu c 986 ml

136,5

0

C v 1,5 atm. Cng thc ca adehit l:A. HCHO v (CHO)2 B. CH3CHO v (CHO)2 C. HCHO v CH3CHO D. HCHO v C2H3CHOCu 20: X l hp cht cha C,H,O .Bit X c phn ng trng bc v phn ng vi NaOH.t chy hon tona mol X thu c 3a mol gm CO2 v H2O. X l:

A. HCOOH B. HCOOCH3 C. HOC-COOH D. HOC-CH2- COOHCu 21: Cng thc n gin nht ca mt axit hu c X l (CHO) n. Khi t chy 1 mol X ta thu c di 6mol CO2. X c ng phn hnh hc. Cng thc cu to ca X l:

A. HOOC-CH=CH-COOH B. CH2=CH(COOH)2C. CH3CH=CH-COOH D. CH2=CH-COOH

Cu 22: Hn hp X gm hai axit hu c no (mi axit cha khng qu 2 nhm -COOH) c khi lng 16gtng ng vi 0,175 mol. t chy hon ton hn hp X ri cho sn phm chy qua nc vi trong d thu

c 47,5 g kt ta. Mt khc, nu cho hn hp X tc dng va vi dung dch Na2CO3thu c 22,6 gmui. Cng thc cu to ca cc axit trong hn hp X l:A. HCOOH v (COOH)2 B. CH3COOH v (COOH)2

C. C2H5COOH v HOOC-CH2-COOH D. CH3COOH v HOOC-CH2-COOH


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Cu 23 :Hn hp X gm 1 axit hu c no n chc mch h v 1 axit hu c no a chc mch h hn kmnhau 1 nguyn t C trong phn t. Ly 14,64 gam X cho bay hi hon ton thu c 4,48 lt hi ktc. Mtkhc t chy hon ton 14,64 gam hn hp X ri cho sn phm chy hp th hon ton vo bnh ng dung

dch Ca(OH)2d th thu c 46 gam kt ta.Vy CTCT ca hai axit l:A. CH

3COOH v HOOC -CH2 -COOH B. HCOOH v HOOC -COOH

C. C2H5COOH v HOOC -C2H4- COOH D. C2H5COOH v HOOC -COOH

Cu 25: Cng thc n gin nht ca X l (C3H3O)n. Cho 5,5 gam X tc dng ht vi dd NaOH thu c 7,7

gam mui Y c s nguyn t C bng ca X. Khi lng mol phn t ca Y hn ca X l 44 gam. CTPT ngca X l: A. C6H5COOH B. C6H6(OH)2 C. C9H9(OH)3 D. C6H4(OH)2Cu 26:Ly 12,2 gam hp cht A (ng ng ca phenol) phn ng vi dd Br2 thu c 35,9 gam hp cht Bcha 3 nguyn t Br2. CTPT ca A l:

A. C6H5OH B. C7H7OH C. C8H9OH D. C9H11OH

Cu 27:ancol A tc dng vi Na d c th tch H2bng th tch hi ancol A dng. Mt khc t chy ht 1th tch ancol A thu c cha n 3 th tch CO2(cc th tch o cng iu kin). Vy A l:

A. ancol etylic B. etilen glycol C. propaniol D. ancol metylicCu 28a: Cho 0,1 mol anehit X mch thng (Mx< 100) tc dng va vi 0,3 mol H2 (Ni,t

0) thu c hpcht hu c Y. Cho ton b Y tc dng vi Na d to thnh 0,1 mol H2. CTCT ca X l:

A. OHCCH2CHO B. OHCCH2CH2CHOC. OHCCH = CHCHO D. OHCC C CHO

Cu 28 b: Mt th tch hi anehit mch h X cng hp ti a c hai th tch hidro(cc kh o cng iukin).Sn phm sinh ra tc dng vi Na d sinh ra th tch bng th tch hi anhit X dng ban u (cckh o cng k).X l:A. CH3CHO B. OHCCH2CH2CHOC. OHCCH = CHCHO D. OHCC C CHOCu 29:Mt cht hu c X (CxHyOz) c t khi so vi metan l 4,25. Bit 0,2 mol X tc dng va vi 0,3mol Ag2O/NH3 (0,6 mol AgNHO3/NH3) thu c 43,2 gam Ag. CTCT ca X l:

A. HC C CH2CHO B. H3CC C CHOC. H2C = C = CH- CHO D. HCOOCH2C CH

Cu 30: trung ho 0,58 gammt axit cacboxlic X cn dng 100 ml dd KOH 0,1M. Bit M X < 150. CTCTthu gn ca axit X l:A. C2H5COOH B. C2H2(COOH)2 C. CH2(COOH)2 D. CH3COOH

Cu 31:un 1 triglixerit X vi dung dch KOH n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 0,92g glixeron vm g hn hp Y gm mui ca axit oleic v 3,18g mui ca axit linoleic. CTCT ca X l:

A. C17H33COOC3H5(OOCC17H31)2 B. (C17H33COO)2C3H5OOCC17H31C. C17H35COOC3H5(OOCC15H31)2 D. (C17H33COO)2C3H5OOCC15H31

Cu 32:un 0,1 mol X vi lng va dung dch NaOH, thu c 14,8g mui ca axit hu c Y v 0,2mol ancol n chc c khi lng 9,2 gam. X c CTCT l:

A. (COOCH3)2 B. CH2(COOC2H5)2 C. (COOC2H5)2 D. CH2(COOCH3)2Cu 33:Este n chc X c d x/o2= 2,75. Khi un nng X vi dung dch NaOH to ra mui c khi lng

ln hn lng este phn ng. CTCT thu gn ca este ny l:A. C2H5COOCH3 B. CH3COOC2H5 C. HCOOC3H7 D. CH3COOCH3

Cu 34:(K) l hp cht hu c c CTPT l: C5H11NO2. un (K) vi dd NaOH thu c hp cht c CTPT lC2H4O2NNa v hp cht hu c (L). Cho hi (L) qua CuO/t

othu c mt cht hu c (M) c kh nng tham

gia phn ng trng bc. CTCT ca (K) lA. CH2=CH-COONH3-C2H5. B. NH2-CH2-COO-CH2-CH2-CH3.

C. NH2-CH2-COO-CH(CH3)2. D. H2N-CH2-CH2-COO-C2H5.

Cu35: Trung ho 1 mol-amino axit X cn 1 molHCl to ra mui Y c hm lng clo l 28,286% v khilng. CTCT ca X l

A. H2N-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH. B. H2N-CH2-COOH.

C. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH. D. H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH.Cu 36: Cho 8,9 g mt hp cht hu c X c CTPT C3H7O2N phn ng vi 100 ml dd NaOH 1,5M. Sau khi

phn ng xy ra hon ton, c cn dd thu c 11,7 g cht rn. CTCT thu gn ca X l


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A. H2NCH2CH2COOH. B. H2NCH2COOCH3. C. CH2=CHCOONH4. D. HCOOH3NCH=CH2.

Cu 37:(H-07) t chy hon ton mt lng cht hu c X thu c 3,36 l t kh CO2, 0,56 lt kh N2 (cckh o ktc) v 3,15 g H2O. Khi X tc dng vi dd NaOH thu c sn phm c mui H2N-CH2COONa.CTCT thu gn ca X lA. H2N-CH2-COO-C3H7. B. H2N-CH2-COO-C2H5. C. H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH. D. H2N-CH2-COO-CH3

Cu 38:Mt hp cht hu c A c cng thc C3H9O2N. Cho A phn ng vi dd NaOH, un nh, thu c

mui B v kh C lm xanh qu m. Nung B vi NaOH rn thu c mt hidrocacbon n gin nht. Xc nhCTCT ca A.A. CH3COONH3CH3. B. CH3CH2COONH4. C. HCOONH3CH2CH3. D. HCOONH2(CH3)2.

Cu 39: Cho 1 mol amino axit X phn ng vi dung dch HCl (d), thu c m1gam mui Y. Cng 1 mol aminoaxit Xphn ng vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c m2gam mui Z. Bit m2- m1= 7,5. Cng thc phn tcaX l A. C5H9O4N. B. C4H10O2N2. C. C5H11O2N. D. C4H8O4N2.

Cu 40: Hai hpcht hu cX v Y l ngng k tip,u tc dng vi Na v cphnngtrng bc.Bit phn trm khi lng oxi trong X, Y ln lt l 53,33% v 43,24%. Cng thc cu to ca X v Ytng ng lA. HOCH2CHO v HOCH2CH2CHO. B. HOCH2CH2CHO v HOCH2CH2CH2CHO.

C. HOCH(CH3)CHO v HOOCCH2CHO. D. HCOOCH3 v HCOOCH2CH3Cu 41: Hai hpcht hu cX v Y l ngng k tip,u khng tc dng vi Na v cphnng trng

bc. Bit phntrm khi lng oxi trong X, Y ln lt l 53,33% v 43,24%. Cng thccu to ca X v Ytng ng lA. HOCH2CHO v HOCH2CH2CHO. B. HOCH2CH2CHO v HOCH2CH2CH2CHO.C. HOCH(CH3)CHO v HOOCCH2CHO. D. HCOOCH3 v HCOOCH2CH3Cu 42: Cho hnhp X gm hai hpchthucno, nchc tc dng vavi 100 ml dung dch KOH0,4M, thu c mt mui v 336 ml hi mt ancol (ktc). Nut chy hon ton lng hn hp X trn,sau hp thhtsn phm chy vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d) th khi lng bnh tng 6,82gam. Cng thc ca hai hp cht hu c trong X l

a. HCOOH v HCOOC2H5. b. HCOOH v HCOOC3H7.c. C2H5COOH v C2H5COOCH3. d. CH3COOH v CH3COOC2H5.

Cu 43:Cho hn hp M gm 2 cht hu c no, n chc cha cc nguyn t C, H, O tc dng va vi20ml dung dch NaOH 2M thu c 1 mui v mt ru. un nng lng ru thu c trn vi H 2SO4c 1700C to ra 369,6ml olefin kh 27,30C v 1atm. Nu t chy hon ton lng hn hp M trn ri chosn phm qua bnh ng CaO d th khi lng bnh tng 7,75 gam. Hy chn cu tr li ng? a. HCOOH v HCOOC2H5. b. HCOOH v HCOOC3H7.

c. C2H5COOH v C2H5COOCH3. d. CH3COOH v CH3COOC3H7.

Phn tch:i vi 2 cu 42,43 trc y nu gii theo kiut lun,v phn ng to ra 1mui v mt ancolth cc em phi xt 3 trng hp 1 este v 1 ancol c gc hidrocacbon ging gc ancol trong esteROH v R''COOR 1ancol v 1 axitROH v R''COOH 1este v 1 axit c gc hidrocacbon ging gc axit trong este.RCOOH v RCOOR' Nhng da vo p n cc em thy ngay l hh X bao gm : 1este v 1 axit c gc hidrocacbon ( R- )

ging gc axit trong este. RCOOH v RCOOR'Cu 44a:(C -07) Hp cht X c cng thc phn t trng vi cng thc n gin nht, va tc dng c viaxit va tc dng c vi kim trong iu kin thch hp. Trong phn t X, thnh phn phn trm khi lngca cc nguyn t C, H, N ln lt bng 40,449%; 7,865% v 15,73%; cn li l oxi. Khi cho 4,45 gam X

phn ng hon ton vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH (unnng) thu c 4,85 gam mui khan. Cngthc cu to thu gn ca X lA. CH2=CHCOONH4. B. H2NCOO-CH2CH3. C. H2NCH2COO-CH3. D. H2NC2H4COOH.

Cu 44b: Hp cht X c thnh phn phn trm khi lng ca cc nguyn t C, H lnlt bng 40% ; 6,66%cn li l oxi. Khi cho 0,9 gam X phn ng hon ton vi mt lng va dungdch NaOH (un nng) thuc 9,8gam mui khan. Cngthc cu to thu gn ca X lA. HOCOOCH2CH3. B. CH3COOCH2OH C. HO-CH2COO-CH3. D. HO-CH2COOC2H3.


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Cu 45: t chy hon ton mt lng cht hu c X thu c 3,36 lt kh CO2, 0,56 lt kh N2(cc kh o ktc) v 3,15 gam H2O. Khi X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH thu c sn phm c mui H2N-CH2-COONa.Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X lA. H2N-CH2-COO-C3H7. B. H2N-CH2-COO-C2H5. C. H2N-CH2-COO-CH3. D. H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH.

Cu 46:(H A07)Khi tch nc t mtcht X c cng thc phn t C4H10O to thnh ba anken l ngphn ca nhau (tnh c ng phn hnh hc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l

A. (CH3)3COH. B. CH3OCH2CH2CH3.

C. CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3. D. CH3CH(CH3)CH2OH.Cu 47: (C B 07)Cho cc cht c cng thccu to nh sau: HOCH2-CH2OH (X); HOCH2-CH2-CH2OH(Y); HOCH2-CHOH-CH2OH (Z); CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 (R); CH3-CHOH-CH2OH (T).Nhngcht tcdng c vi Cu(OH)2 to thnh dung dch mu xanh lam l

A. X, Y, Z, T. B. X, Z, T. C. X, Y, R, T. D. Z, R, T.

Cu 48: (C 08) Cho s chuyn ha sau (mi mi tn l mt phng trnh phn ng):Tinh bt X Y Z metyl axetat.

Cc cht Y, Z trong s trn ln lt l:A. CH3COOH, CH3OH. B. C2H4, CH3COOH. C. C2H5OH, CH3COOH. D. CH3COOH, C2H5OH.

Cu 49: (C 08) Oxi ho ancol nchc Xbng CuO (un nng), sinh ra mtsnphmhu cduy nht l

xeton Y (t khi hi ca Y so vi kh hiro bng 29). Cng thc cu to ca X lA. CH3-CHOH-CH3. B. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH. C. CH3-CH2-CHOH-CH3 .D. CH3-CO-CH3.

Cu 50:(H A 09)Cho hnhpX gm hai ancol achc, mchh,thuc cng dy ngng.t chyhon ton hn hp X, thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Hai ancol l

A. C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3. B. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.

C. C2H4(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2. D. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2.

Cu 51: (H A 09) t chy hon ton 0,2 mol mt ancol X no, mch h cn va 17,92 lt kh O2 (ktc). Mt khc, nu cho 0,1 mol X tc dngvavi m gam Cu(OH)2 th to thnh dung dch c muxanh lam. Gi trca mv tn gi ca X tng ng l

A. 9,8 v propan-1,2-iol. B. 4,9 v propan-1,2-iol.

C. 4,9 v propan-1,3-iol. D. 4,9 v glixerol.Cu 52 (Db 09) : Ru X, anehit Y, axit cacboxylic Z c cng s nguyn t H trong phn t, thuc cc dy ngng no n chc mch h. t hon ton hn hp 3 cht ny (c s mol bng nhau) thu c t l molCO2:H2O=11:12 . Vy cng thc phn t ca X, Y, Z l:A. CH4O, C2H4O, C2H4O2 B. C2H6O, C3H6O, C3H6O2

C. C3H8O, C4H8O, C4H8O2 D. C4H10O, C5H10O, C5H10O2Cu 53:Cho s chuyn ha:

C3H6 2dung dich Br

X NaOH Y0,CuO t

Z 2,O xt

T0

3 , ,CH OH t xt E (Este a chc).

Tn gi ca Y lA. propan-1,3-iol. B. propan-1,2-iol. C. propan-2-ol. D. glixerol.

Cu 54:Tch nc hn hp gm ancol etylic v ancol Y ch to ra 2 anken. t chy cng s mol mi ancolth lng nc sinh ra t ancol ny bng 5/3 ln lng nc sinh ra t ancol kia. Ancol Y l

A. CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3. B. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH.

C. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH. D. CH3-CH(OH)-CH3.

Cu 55: Kh nng phn ng th nguyn t clo bng nhm -OH ca cc cht c xp theo chiu tng dn ttri sang phi l:

A. anlyl clorua, phenyl clorua, propyl clorua. B. phenyl clorua, anlyl clorua, propyl clorua.C. anlyl clorua, propyl clorua, phenyl clorua. D. phenyl clorua, propyl clorua, anlyl clorua.

Cu 56: Cho 0,1 mol anehit X tc dng vi lng d AgNO3(hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3,un nngthu c 43,2 gamAg. Hiro ho X thu c Y, bit 0,1 mol Y phn ng va vi 4,6 gam Na. Cng thccu to thu gn ca X l (cho Na = 23, Ag = 108)

A. HCHO. B. OHC-CHO. C. CH3CHO. D. CH3CH(OH)CHOCu 57: t chy hon ton a mol mt anehit X (mch h) to ra b mol CO2 v c mol H2O (bit b = a + c).Trong phn ng trng gng, mt phn t X ch cho 2 electron. Anehit X l:A. CH2 = CHCHO B. OHCCH2CH2CHO


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C. OHCCH = CHCHO D. CH3CH2-CH2CHOCu 58a:un nng V lt hi anehit X vi 3V lt kh H2 (xc tc Ni) n khi phn ng xy ra honton chthu c mt hn hp kh Y c th tch 2V lt (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Ngngt Y thu c cht Z; cho Z tc dng vi Na sinh ra H 2c s mol bng s mol Z phn ng. Cht X lanehit l:A. CH3CH2CHO B. OHCCH2CH2CHOC. OHCCH = CHCHO D. OHCC C CHO

Cu 58b:un nng V lt hi anehit X vi 3V lt kh H2 (xc tc Ni) n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton chthu c mt hn hp kh Y c th tch 2V lt (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Ngngt Y thu c cht Z; cho Z tc dng vi Na sinh ra H 2c s mol bng s mol Z phn ng. Cht X lanehit l:A. CH3CH2CHO B. OHCCH2CH2CHOC. CH2 = CHCHO D. OHCCH =CHCHOCu 59: Cho s phnng:

NH3 X Y Z

Bit Z c kh nng thamgia phn ng trng gng. Hai cht Y v Z ln lt l:A. C2H5OH, CH3CHO. B. CH3OH, HCOOH.C. C2H5OH, HCHO. D. CH3OH, HCHO.

Cu 60: Ba chthucmchhX, Y, Z c cng cng thc phn t C3H6O v c cc tnh cht: X, Z uphnngvinc brom; X, Y, Z uphnngvi H2 nhngch c Z khng b thay i nhmchc; chtY ch tc dng vi brom khi c mt CH3COOH. Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l:

A. C2H5CHO, CH2=CH-O-CH3, (CH3)2CO. B. (CH3)2CO, C2H5CHO, CH2=CH-CH2OH.

C. C2H5CHO, (CH3)2CO, CH2=CH-CH2OH. D. CH2=CH-CH2OH, C2H5CHO, (CH3)2CO.

Cu 61: t chy hon ton 1 mol hp cht hu cX, thu c 4 mol CO2. Cht X tc dng c vi Na,tham gia phn ng trng bc v phn ng cng Br2 theo t l mol 1 : 1. Cng thc cu to ca X l

A. HO-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-CHO. B. HOOC-CH=CH-COOH.

C. HO-CH2-CH=CH-CHO. D. HO-CH2-CH2-CH2-CHO.

Ch phn ng RCHO + Br2 + H2O => RCOOH + 2HBr khng phi l phn ng cngCu 62a: Cho 0,25 mol mtanehit mchhXphnngvi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3,

thu c 54 gam Ag. Mt khc, khi cho Xphnngvi H2 d (xc tc Ni, to) th 0,125 mol X phn

ng ht vi 0,25 mol H2. Cht X c cng thc ng vi cng thc chung lA. CnH2n(CHO)2 (n 0). B. CnH2n+1CHO (n 0).C. CnH2n-1CHO (n 2). D. CnH2n-3CHO (n 2).

Cu 62b: Cho 0,25 mol mtanehit mchhXphnngvi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3,

thu c 54 gam Ag. Mt khc, khi cho Xphnngvi H2 d (xc tc Ni, to) th 0,125 mol X phnng ht vi 0,25 mol H2. Cht X c cng thc ng vi cng thc chung l

A. CH3CHO B. OHCCH2CH2CHOC. OHCCH = CHCHO D. CH3 - CH = CHCHOCu 63a: Cho hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic no, mch khng phn nhnh. t chy hon ton 0,3 mol hnhp X, thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Nu trung ha 0,3 mol X th cn dng 500 ml dung dchNaOH 1M. Hai axit l:

A. HCOOH, HOOC-COOH. B. HCOOH, HOOC-CH2-COOH.

C. HCOOH, C2H5COOH. D. HCOOH, CH3COOH.

Cu 63b: Cho hn hp X gm hai andehit no, mch khng phn nhnh. t chy hon ton 0,3 mol hn hp X,thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Nu oxi ha hon tn 0,3 mol X ,sau ly sn phm sinh ra trung ha thcn dng 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Hai andehit l:

A. HCHO, OHC-CHO. B. HCHO, OHC-CH2-CHO.

+ CH3I

(t l mol 1:1)

+ HONO + CuO

to


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C. HCHO, C2H5CHO. D. HCHO, CH3CHO.

Ch : Nu - C COOH x th kt lun nhanh 2 axit l : HCOOH, HOOC-COOH.

- hay C CHO x th kt lun nhanh 2 andehit l : HCHO, OHC-CHO.Cu 63c:Axit hu c X no sau y tho mn iu kin:

m (gam) X + NaHCO3to V lt kh CO2 (P atm, t0C)

m (gam) X + O2chy hon ton to V lt kh CO2 (P atm, t0C)

A. HCOOH B. (COOH)2 C. CH3COOH D. p n A v BCu 63d: Cho hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic no, mch khng phn nhnh. Ly 0,1 mol hn hp X tc dngva vi 150 ml dd Na2SO3 0,5 M .t chy hon ton 0,2 mol X cn 2,24 lit O2(kc) . Hai axit l:

A. HCOOH, HOOC-COOH. B. HCOOH, HOOC-CH2-COOH.

C. HCOOH, C2H5COOH. D. HCOOH, CH3COOH.

Cu 64: Cho s chuyn ho sau:C3H4O2 + NaOH X + Y ; X + H2SO4 long Z + T

Bit Y v Z u c phnng trng gng. Hai cht Y, Z tng ng l:A. HCOONa, CH3CHO. B. HCHO, CH3CHO. C. HCHO, HCOOH. D. CH3CHO, HCOOH

Cu 65: Hai chthucX1v X2

u c khilng phn tbng 60 vC. X1

c khnngphnng vi:

Na, NaOH, Na2CO3. X2phnngvi NaOH (un nng) nhng khngphnng Na. Cng thc cu to caX1, X2 ln lt l:A. CH3-COOH, CH3-COO-CH3. B. (CH3)2CH-OH, H-COO-CH3.

C. H-COO-CH3, CH3-COOH. D. CH3-COOH, H-COO-CH3.

Cu 66: Hai chthucX1 v X2 u c khilng phn tbng 60 vC. X1 c mch phn nhnh,ckhnngphnng viNa nhng khngphnng NaOH .X2phnngtrng bc.Cng thc cu to ca X1,X2 ln lt l:A. (CH3)2CH-COOH, CH3-COO-CH3. B. (CH3)2CH-OH, H-COO-CH3.

C. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH, H-COO-CH3.. D. (CH3)2CH-OH, CH3-COOH.

Cu 67: Khi cho a mol mthpchthucX (cha C, H, O) phn ng hon ton vi Na hocviNaHCO3 th u sinh ra a mol kh. Cht X lA. etylen glicol. B. axit aipic. C. ancol o-hiroxibenzylic. D. axit 3-hiroxipropanoicCu 68: Khi cho a mol mthpchthucX (cha C, H, O) phn ng hon ton vi Na hocviNaHCO3 th u sinh ra a mol kh. Cht X lA. etylen glicol. B. axit aipic. C. ancol o-hiroxibenzylic. D. axit lacticCu 69: Khi cho a mol mthpchthucX (cha C, H, O) phn ng hon ton vi Na sinh ra a molkh. Mt khc a mol X phn ngva vi a NaOH . Cht X lA. etylen glicol. B. axit malonic. C. ancol o-hiroxibenzylic. D. axit phtalicCu 70: Khi cho a mol mthpchthucX (cha C, H, O) phn ng hon ton vi Na hocviNaHCO3 th u sinh ra 2a mol kh. Cht X lA. etylen glicol. B. axit phtalic. C. ancol o-hiroxibenzylic. D. axit 3-hiroxipropanoicCu 71: Khi cho a mol mthpchthucX (cha C, H, O) phn ng hon ton vi Na hocviCaCO3 th u sinh ra a mol kh. Cht X lA. etylen glicol. B. axit aipic. C. ancol o-hiroxibenzylic. D. axit o- salixilic

Cu 72a: Hn hp X gm axit Y nchc v axit Z hai chc (Y, Z c cng s nguyn t cacbon). ChiaX thnh haiphn bng nhau. Cho phn mt tc dng ht vi Na, sinh ra 4,48 lt kh H2 (ktc). t chyhon ton phn hai, sinh ra 26,4 gam CO2. Cng thccu to thu gn vphn trmvkhi lng ca Ztrong hn hp X ln lt lA. HOOC-CH

2-COOH v 70,87%. B. HOOC-CH

2-COOH v 54,88%.

C. HOOC-COOH v 60,00%. D. HOOC-COOH v 42,86%.

Cu 72b: Hn hp X gm adehit Y nchc v adehit Z hai chc (Y, Z c cng s nguyn t cacbon).Chia X thnh haiphn bng nhau. Cho phn mt oxiha hon ton sau ly sn phm thu c tc dng


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ht vi Na, sinh ra 4,48 lt kh H2 (ktc). t chy hon ton phn hai, sinh ra 26,4 gam CO2. Cng thccu to thu gn vphn trmvkhi lng ca Z trong hn hp X ln lt lA. OHC-CH2-CHO v 70,87%. B. OHC-CH2-CHO v 54,88%.

C. OHC-CHO v 60,00%. D. OHC-CHO v 39,7%.Cu 73: Hai hp cht hu c X, Y c cng cng thc phn t C

3H

6O

2. C X v Y u tc dng vi Na; X tc

dng c vi NaHCO3

cn Y c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc. Cng thc cu to ca X v Y ln

lt lA. C2H

5COOH v HCOOC

2H

5. B. HCOOC

2H

5v HOCH

2COCH

3.

C. HCOOC2H

5v HOCH

2CH

2CHO. D. C

2H

5COOH v CH

3CH(OH)CHO.

Cu 74: Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H6O2, khi thy phn trong mi trng axit thu c anehit axetic(axetan ehit). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca este l.a. CH2=CH-COO-CH3 b. HCOOCH=CH-CH3 c. CH3COOCH=CH2 d. HCOO-C(CH3)2=CH2Cu 75: Cho cht X tc dng vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sau c cn dung dch thu c chtrn Y v cht hu c Z. Cho Z tc dng vi AgNO3(hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3thu c cht hu cT, Cho T tc dng vi dung dch NaOH li thu c cht Y. Cht X c th l.a. CH3COOCH=CH2 b. HCOOCH=CH2 c. HCOOCH3 d. CH3COOCH=CH-CH3

Cu 76: Thy phn este c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 (vi xc tc axit), thu c 2 snphm hu c X vY. T X c th iu ch trc tip ra Y. Vy cht X lA. ru metylic. B. etyl axetat. C. ru etylic. D. axit fomic.Cu 77:Cho hn hp X gm 2 cht hu c c cng cng thc phn t C 3H10N2O2tc dng va vi dungdch NaOH v un nng thu c dung dch Y v 4,48 lt hn hp Z ( ktc) gm hai kh (u lm xanh giyqu m). T khi hi ca Z i vi H2bng 13,75 .C cn dung dch Y thu c khi lng mui khan l:

A. 16,5 gam B. 14,3 gam C. 8,9 gam D. 15,7 gam

Gi : 2 cht l: NH2CH2CH2COONH4 v NH2CH2COONH3CH3Cu 78:Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t l C4H6O4tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (un nng) theo

phng trnh phn ng: C4H6O4 + 2NaOH 2Z + Y. oxi ho ht a mol Y cn va 2a mol CuO nungnng. Sau phn ng to thnh a mol cht T (bit Y, Z, T l cc hp cht hu c). Khi lng ca T l.a. 58 b. 82 c. 44 d. 118Cu 79:Hp cht hu c no, a chc X c cng thc phn t l C 7H12O4. Cho 0,1 mol X tc dng va vi100 gam dung dch NaOH 8% thu c cht hu cY v 17,8 gam hn hp mui. Cng thc cu to thu gnca X l.a. CH3COO-(CH2)2-OOCC2H5 b. CH3OOC-(CH2)2-COOC2H5c. CH3OOC-CH2-COO-C3H7 d. CH3COO-(CH2)2-COOC2H5

Cu 80:Mt hn hp X gm hai cht hu c n chc. Cho X phn ng va vi 500 ml dung dch KOH1M. Sau phn ng thu c hn hp Y gm hai mui ca hai axit cacboxylic v mt ru (ancol). Cho ton

b lng ru thu c trn tc dng vi Na (d), sinh ra 3,36 lit H2(ktc). Hn hp X gm.a. mt este v mt ru b. mt axit v mt este c. mt axit v mt ru d. hai este.Cu 81: X phng ho mt hp cht c cng thc phn t C10H14O6

trong dung dch NaOH (d), thu

c glixerol v hn hp gm ba mui (khng c ng phn hnh hc). Cng thc ca ba mui l:a. CH3-COONa, HCOONa v CH3-CH=CH-COONa.

b. CH2=CH-COONa, CH3-CH2-COONa v HCOONa.

c. HCOONa, CH C-COONa v CH3-CH2-COONa.

d. CH2=CH-COONa, HCOONa v CH C-COONa.

Cu 82: X phng ho hon ton 1,99 gam hn hp hai este bng dung dch NaOH thu c 2,05 gam muica mt axit cacboxylic v 0,94 gam hn hp hai ancol l ng ng k tip nhau. Cng thc cahai este la. HCOOCH3 v HCOOC2H5. b.CH3COOC2H5 v CH3COOC3H7.

c. C2H5COOCH3 v C2H5COOC2H5. d. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5.

Cu 83:ChthucX c cng thc phn t C5H8O2. Cho 5 gam X tc dngva ht vi dung dch NaOH,thu c mt hpchthuckhng lm mt mu nc brom v 3,4 gam mt mui. Cng thc ca X la. CH3COOC(CH3)=CH2. b. HCOOCH=CHCH2CH3.


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c. HCOOCH2CH=CHCH3. d. HCOOC(CH3)=CHCH3.

Cu 84: Thy phn hon ton 0,1 mol este thun chc cn dng va 100g dd NaOH 12% ,thu c 20,4gam mui ca mt axit hu c v 9,2 g mt ancol.Cng thc ca este l:A. (CH3COO)3C3H5 B. (HCOO)3C3H5 C. (C2H5COO)3C3H5 D. (HCOO)2C2H4Cu 85: Cho 21,8 gam cht hu c A ch cha mt loi nhm chc tc dng vi 1 lt dung dch NaOH 0,5Mthu c 24,6 gam mui v 0,1 mol ru B. Lng NaOH d c th trung ha ht 0,5 lt dung dch HCl 0,4M.Cho bit cng thc cu to thu gn ca A?

A. (CH3COO)3C3H5 B. (HCOO)3C3H5 C. (C2H5COO)3C3H5 D.(C2H3COO)3C3H5Cu 86: Cho X l hp cht thm; a mol Xphnngvahtvi 2a lt dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc,nu cho a mol Xphnngvi Na (d) th sau phnng thu c a/2 mol kh H2 .Cng thc cu to thu gnca X l a. HO-CH2-C6H4-OH. b. CH3-C6H3(OH)2.

c. HO-C6H4-COOH. d. HO-C6H4-COOCH3.

Cu 87: Cho X l hp cht thm; a mol Xphnngvahtvi 2a lt dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc,nu cho a mol Xphnngvi Na (d) th sau phnng thu c a/2 mol kh H2 .Cng thc cu to thu gnca X l a. HO-CH2-C6H4-OH. b. CH3-C6H3(OH)2.

c. HO-C6H4-COOH. d. HO-C6H4-COOCH3.

Cu 88: Cho X l hp cht thm; a mol Xphnngvahtvi 2a lt dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc,

nu cho a mol Xphnngvi NaHCO3 (d) th sau phnng thu c 22,4a lt kh (ktc). Cng thc cuto thu gn ca X la. HO-CH2-C6H4-OH. b. CH3-C6H3(OH)2. c. HO-C6H4-COOH. d. HO-C6H4-COOCH3Cu 89: Cho cc hp cht hu c:

(1) ankan; (2) ancol no, n chc, mch h(3) xicloankan; (4) ete no, n chc, mch h;(5) anken; (6) ancol khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C), mch h;(7) ankin; (8) anehit v este no, n chc, mch h;(9) axit no, n chc, mch h; (10) axit khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C), n chc.Dy gm cc cht khi t chy honton u cho s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O l:A. (1), (3), (5), (6), (8). B. (3), (4), (6), (7), (10).C. (3), (5), (6), (8), (9). D. (2), (3), (5), (7), (9).

Cu 90: Cht X c cng thc phn t C3H

7O

2N v lm mt mu dung dch brom. Tn gi ca X l

A. metyl aminoaxetat. B. axit -aminopropionic. C. axit -aminopropionic. D. amoni acrylat.Cu 91: Cho 1,82 gam hp cht hu c n chc, mch h X c cng thc phn t C

3H

9O

2N tc dng va

vi dung dch NaOH, un nng thu c kh Y v dung dch Z. C cn Z thu c 1,64 gam mui khan. Cngthc cu to thu gn ca X lA. HCOONH

3CH

2CH

3. B. CH

3COONH

3CH

3. C. CH

3CH

2COONH

4. D. HCOONH

2(CH

3)2.

Cu 92: Thu phn hon ton 0,2 mol mt este E cn dng va 100 gam dung dch NaOH 24%, thu cmt ancol v 43,6 gam hn hp mui ca hai axit cacboxylic. Hai axit l

A. HCOOH v CH3COOH B. CH3COOH v C2H5COOHC. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH D. HCOOH v C2H5COOHCu 93: Hp cht hu c mch h X c cng thc phn t C 6H10O4. Thy phn X to ra hai ancol n chcc s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t gp i nhau. Cng thc ca X l

A. CH3OCO-CH2-COOC2H5. B. C2H5OCO-COOCH3.

C. CH3OCO-COOC3H7. D. CH3OCO-CH2-CH2-COOC2H5.

Cu 94: Thu phn este Z trong mi trng axit thu c hai cht hu c X v Y (MX < MY). Bng mt phnng c th chuyn ho X thnh Y. Cht Z khng th l

A. metyl propionat B. metyl axetat C. etyl axetat D. vinyl axetat

Cu 95: Thu phn cht hu c X trong dung dch NaOH (d), un nng, thu c sn phm gm 2 mui vancol etylic. Cht X lA. CH3COOCH2CH2Cl. B. CH3COOCH2CH3.C. ClCH2COOC2H5. D. CH3COOCH(Cl)CH3.Cu 96: Hp cht hu c C4H7O2Cl khi thy phn trong mi trng kim c cc sn phm trong c haicht c kh nng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ng l:


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A. HCOO-CH2-CHCl-CH3 B. CH3COO-CH2Cl

C. C2H5COO-CH2-CH3 D. HCOOCHCl-CH2-CH3

Cu 97: C 2 hp cht hu c (X), (Y) cha cc nguyn t C, H, O, khi lng phn t u bng 74. Bit (X)tc dng c vi Na, c (X), (Y) u tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v dung dch AgNO3 tan trongNH3. Vy X, Y c th l:

A. C4H9OH v HCOOC2H5 B. CH3COOCH3 v HOC2H4CHO

C. OHC-COOH v C2H5COOH D. OHC-COOH v HCOOC2H5

Cu 98:Hai este A, B l dn xut ca benzen c cng thc phn t l C 9H8O2; A v B u cng hp vi bromtheo t l mol l 1 : 1. A tc dng vi xt cho mt mui v mt anehit. B tc ng vi xt d cho 2 mui vnc, cc mui c khi lng phn t ln hn khi lng phn t ca natri axetat. Cng thc cu to ca A vB c th l:A. HOOC-C6H4-CH=CH2 v CH2=CH-COOC6H5 B. C6H5COOCH=CH2 v C6H5-CH=CH-COOHC. HCOOC6H4CH=CH2 v HCOOCH=CH-C6H5 D. C6H5COOCH=CH2 v CH2=CH-COOC6H5

Cu 99: t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp 2 este, cho sn phm phn ng chy qua bnh ng P2O5d,khi lng bnh tng thm 6,21 gam, sau cho qua tip dung dch Ca(OH)2d, thu c 34,5 gam kt ta.Cc este trn thuc loi g? (n chc hay a chc, no hay khng no).

A. Este thuc loi no B. Este thuc loi khng noC. Este thuc loi no, n chc D. Este thuc loi khng no a chc .

Cu 100: Cho hn hp M gm 2 hp cht hu c mch thng X, Y (ch cha C, H, O) tc dng va vi 8gam NaOH thu c mt ru n chc v hai mui ca hai axit hu c n chc k tip nhau trong dyng ng. Lng ru thu c cho tc dng vi Na d to ra 2,24 lt kh (ktc). X, Y thuc loi hp chtg? A. axit B. 1 axit v 1 este

C. 2 este D. 1 ru v 1 axit .Cu 101:X c cng thc phn t C4H6O2, mch h. X c th l:

A. axit hay este cha no c 1 lin kt mch cacbon. B. anehit 2 chc no.C. ru 2 chc c 2 lin kt . D. Tt c u ng.

Cu 102 : Ba hp cht thm X, Y, Z u c cng thc phn t C 7H8O. X tc dng vi Na v NaOH; Y tcdng vi Na, khng tc dng NaOH; Z khng tc dng vi Na v NaOH Cng thc cu to ca X, Y, Z lnlt l: A. C6H4(CH3)OH, C6H5OCH3, C6H5CH2OH B. C6H4(CH3)OH, C6H5CH2OH, C6H5OCH3

C. C6H5OCH3, C6H5CH2OH, C6H4(CH3)OH D. C6H5CH2OH, C6H5OCH3, C6H4(CH3)OH

Cu 103:Hai cht hu c X, Y (cha C,H, O) l ng phn nhau; u n chc, cng thc phn t cha34,78% O v khi lng. Nhit si ca A l 78,3oC; ca B l -23,6oC. Cng thc cu to ca X, Y ln ltl: A. CH3CH2OH v CH3OCH3 B. CH3CH2COOH v CH3COOCH3

C. CH3CH2COOH v HCOOCH2CH3 D. CH3CH2CHO v CH3COCH3

Cu 104:un nng hn hp hai ru mch h vi H2SO4c c hn hp cc ete. Ly X l mt trong ccete em t chy hon ton th ta c t l: nX : nO2 : nCO2 : nH2O = 0,25 : 1,375 : 1 : 1 .

Tm cng thc cu to thu gn ca hai ru.A. C2H5OH v CH3OH B. C3H7OH v CH2=CH-CH2-OH

C. C2H5OH v CH2=CH-OH D. CH3OH v CH2=CH-CH2-OH

Cu 105:Mt hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C4H6O2v ch c mt loi nhm chc. T X v cccht v c cn thit, bng 3 phn ng lin tip c th iu ch c cao su Buna. Cng thc cu to ca X l:A. HOC-CH2-CH2-CHO B. HO-CH2-CC-CH2-OH

C. CH3-CO-CO-CH3 D. C A, B, C u ngCu 106: Xt cc loi hp cht hu c mch h sau: Ru n chc, no (X); Anehit n chc, no (Y);Ru n chc, khng no 1 ni i (Z); Anehit n chc, khng no 1 ni i (T). ng vi cng thc tngqut CnH2nO ch c 2 cht sau:

A. X v Y B. Y v Z C. Z v T D. X v T

Cu 107:Hp cht hu c X khi un nh vi dung dch AgNO3 / NH3(dng d) thu c sn phm Y; Y tcdng vi dung dch HCl hoc dung dch NaOH u cho 2 kh v c. X l:A. HCHO B. HCOOH C. HCOONH4 D. C A, B, C u ng

Cu 108:Cc hp cht hu c mch h ch cha cc nguyn t cacbon, hiro v oxi l X, Y, Z, T u c khilng phn t bng 60 vC. Cht X khng tc dng c vi Na v dung dch NaOH, khng tham gia phnng trng gng. Cc cht Y, Z, T tc dng c vi Na gii phng H 2. Khi oxi ho Y (c xc tc) s to


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thnh sn phm c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng. Cht Z tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH. ChtT c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ca X, Y, Z, T ln lt l:A. CH3OC2H5, CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3COOH, HOCH2CHO

B. CH3OC2H5, CH3CH(CH3)OH, CH3COOH, HOCH2CHO

C. CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3OC2H5, HOCH2CHO, CH3COOH

D. HOCH2CHO, CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3COOH, CH3OC2H5Cu 109:Hai cht hu c X v Y c cng cng thc C4H6O2. X c cu to phn nhnh, phn ng c vi

Na2CO3 to kh. Y phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, khng tc dng c vi Na. Sn phm thy phn Y chophn ng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ca X v Y l:A. HOC-CH2-CH2-CHO v CH3COOCH=CH2 B. CH3CH=CH-COOH v HCOOCH2CH=CH2

C. CH2=CH-CH2-COOH v HCOOCH2CH=CH2 D. CH2=C(CH3)-COOH v CH3COOCH=CH2

Cu 110:X l mt dn xut ca benzen c cng thc phn t l C7H9NO2. Khi cho 1 mol X tc dng va vi NaOH, em c cn thu c mt mui khan c khi lng 144g. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca X. A. CH3COOC6H4NH2 B. HOOCC6H4NH2 C. HCOOC6H4NO2 D. C6H5COONH4

Cu 111a: Hp cht hu c X (phn t c vng benzen) c cng thc phn t l C7H8O2, tc dngc viNa v vi NaOH. Bit rng khi cho X tc dng vi Na d, s mol H2thu c bng s molX tham gia phnng v X ch tc dng c vi NaOH theo t l s mol 1:1. Cng thc cu to thugn ca X lA. C6H5CH(OH)2. B. HOC6H4CH2OH. C. CH3C6H3(OH)2. D. CH3OC6H4OH.

Cu 111b: Hp cht hu c X (phn t c vng benzen) c cng thc phn t l C7H8O2 .Cho X tc dng viNa v vi NaOH th s mol H2thu c bng s mol X tham gia phn ng vbngs mol NaOHp.C baonhiu cng thc cu to ca X tha mn bi:

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

Cu 112a: Hai hp cht hu c X, Y c cng cng thc phn t C3H

6O

2. C X v Y u tc dng vi Na; X

tc dng c vi NaHCO3

cn Y c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc. Cng thc cu to ca X v Y ln

lt l A. C2H

5COOH v HCOOC

2H

5. B. HCOOC

2H

5v HOCH

2COCH

3.

C. HCOOC2H

5v HOCH

2CH

2CHO. D. C

2H

5COOH v CH

3CH(OH)CHO.

Cu 112b: Hai hp cht hu c X, Y c cng cng thc phn t C3

H6

O2

. Bit X tc dng vi dd NaOH

nhng khngtc dng c vi NaHCO3 ,

cn Y khng c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc. Cng thc

cu to ca X v Y ln lt lA. C

2H

5COOH v HCOOC

2H

5. B. HCOOC

2H

5v HOCH

2COCH

3.

C. HCOOC2H

5v HOCH

2CH

2CHO. D. C

2H

5COOH v CH

3CH(OH)CHO.

Cu 113: Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H6O2,khi thu phn trong mi trng axit thu c axetanehit.Cng thc cu to thu gn ca este l A. CH2=CH-COO-CH3. B. HCOO-CH=CH-CH3. C. CH3COO-CH=CH2. D. HCOO-C(CH3)=CH2

Cu 114: Hpchthu cX tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v dung dch brom nhng khng tc dng vidung dch NaHCO3. Tn gi ca X l

A. anilin. B. phenol. C. axit acrylic. D. metyl axetat.Cu 115:Cho 0,1 mol este A vo 50 gam dd NaOH 10% un nng n khi este phn ng hon ton (cc cht

bay hi khng ng k). Dung dch thu c c khi lng 58,6 gam. C cn dung dch thu c 10,4 gamcht rn khan. CTCT ca A l:A. HCOOCH = CH2 B. CH2 = CHCOOCH3 C. HCOOCH2CH = CH2 D. C2H5COOCH3Cu 116: Cho 13.8 gam axit A tc dng vi 16.8 gam KOH , c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 26.46 gam chtrn. cng thc cu to thu gn ca A l:A. C3H6COOH B. C2H5COOH C. CH3COOH D. HCOOHCu 117: Cho hai hp cht hu c X, Y c cng cng thc phn t l C 3H7NO2. Khi phn ng vi dung dch

NaOH, X to ra H2NCH2COONa v cht hu c Z; cn Y to ra CH2=CHCOONa v kh T. Cc cht Z v T

ln lt l A. CH3NH2 v NH3. B. C2H5OH v N2. C. CH3OH v CH3NH2. D. CH3OH v NH3.Cu 118:Cht X c cng thc phn t C4H9O2N Bit:X + NaOH Y + CH4O ; Y + HCl (d) Z + NaCl

Cng thc cu to ca X v Z ln lt l


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A. H2NCH

2CH

2COOCH

3v CH

3CH(NH

3Cl)COOH. B. CH

3CH(NH

2)COOCH

3v CH

3CH(NH

2)COOH.

B. CH3CH(NH

2)COOCH

3v CH

3CH(NH

3Cl)COOH. C. H

2NCH

2COOC

2H

5v ClH

3NCH

2COOH.

Ti liu c thy bin son da trn c s thi H-C cc nm.Nhm gip cc em c nhn nhnsu sc v cc th thut, cc mo tnh ton ,quan h gia cu to v tnh cht ca cc cht qua rtngn thi gian trong khi gii .

Cc em nn nh rng ''Phng php l thy ca cc thy" . Chc cc em c mt ma thi gt hi nhngthnh cng !

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