Upload
others
View
0
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Sylvia Martinez [email protected]: @smartinez sylviamartinez.com
Empathy &STEAM
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Invent To Learn: Making, Tinkering, and Engineering in the Classroom
www.InventToLearn.com
Maker tools, materials, & tech
Tinkering mindset
Engineering design
Make the case for “making” in the classroom
robotics e-textiles 3D printing micro:bit Scratch Raspberry Pi programming electronics sensors laser cutters STEM/STEAM
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Making in the K-3
Classroom
Alice Baggett
Why, How,
Exciting STEM Projects!
Y The Invent to Learn Guide to
and Wow!
Invent to Learn Guides
Books from CMK Press cmkpress.com
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Virtual Handout
https://sylviamartinez.com/handout/
“Science is a tool, and we invent tools to do things we want. It’s a question of how those tools are used by people.” - Margaret Atwood
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
What is the role of the STEAM teaching
community in developing ethics and empathy?
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Teach Ethics
vs.
Develop Ethics
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
STEAMAction AestheticsAgencyDesign
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
STEAMA is the verb -
it’s what you do
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
“For people in the Deaf community, and linguists, the sign-language glove is rooted in the preoccupations of the hearing world, not the needs of Deaf signers.”
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
What’s the Difference?
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Can Do
vs.
Should Do
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Common Ethical Concerns of Educational Technology
• Digital citizenship
• Intellectual property
• Bullying
• Social media
• Digital footprint
• Information privacy
• Legal obligations (FERPA, etc.)
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Technology Ethical Dilemmas• Personalized genetic tests/personalized medicine• Hacking into medical devices• Driverless cars• 3-D printing• Adaptation to climate change• Low-quality and counterfeit pharmaceuticals• Autonomous systems• Human-animal hybrids (chimeras)• Ensuring access to wireless and spectrum• Data collection and privacy• Human enhancements
University of Notre Dame's John J. Reilly Center for Science, Technology and Values
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
University of Notre Dame's John J. Reilly Center for Science, Technology and Values
Technology Ethical Dilemmas• Personalized genetic tests/personalized medicine• Hacking into medical devices• Driverless cars• 3-D printing• Adaptation to climate change• Low-quality and counterfeit pharmaceuticals• Autonomous systems• Human-animal hybrids (chimeras)• Ensuring access to wireless and spectrum• Data collection and privacy• Human enhancements
What’s appropriate (and practical) for students to address?
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
• Students can experiment/simulate without risk• New project ideas• Thought experiments• Personal interest• Generational fluency• A belief that this is something they can and will
be asked to take charge of• Computational literacy
Technology Ethical Dilemmas
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
“Pick any field “X,” from archaeology to zoology. There either is now a “computational X”, or there soon will be. Doctors, lawyers, teachers, farmers, whatever—the future of all these professions will be full of computational thinking. ” - Stephan Wolfram
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Students discuss case studies of realistic, but mostly social situations
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Fabrication
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Ethical questions• Should we add to the amount of plastic
stuff in the world?
• Are there greener alternatives to printer
• It’s legal to make a gun (in the US) - should it be legal to 3D print one?
Legal questions
• Should you make a Baby Yoda keychain?
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
World Economic Forum Global Shapers 2016 Survey - 26,000 responses 18 to 35 year olds from 187 countries and territories
Young people are concerned…
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
but optimistic
World Economic Forum Global Shapers 2016 Survey - 26,000 responses 18 to 35 year olds from 187 countries and territories
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Fairness
Mimi & Eunice, “Freedom or Fairness?” by Nancy Paley http://mimiandeunice.com/2011/09/12/freedom-or-fairness/
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Algorithm Bias• All algorithms have
bias
• Lack of diversity in data pools
• Lack of diversity in people creating algorithms
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
AI based on biased data sets results in biased outcomes
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Biased dispenser - lemonade is diluted based on postal code financial demographics
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Am I Normal?
Making Models in STEAM
• Explain your work
• Make a diagram, blueprint, sketch or drawing
• Make a prototype to scale
• Program a simulation
• Make a conceptual model
• Mentor someone
• Make an infographic, or data visual
• Design a scientific test cmpress.com
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
The Trolley Problem
• Ethics, not technology
• Value of lives
• Would you pay to influence the decision (toll lanes, first class)
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
“Kids born today will never get to drive a car.” Henrik Christensen, director of the University of California San Diego’s Contextual Robotics Institute.
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Google AI Experiments
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Encourage evidence-based conversations
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Ethics come from Empathy
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.comWikimedia Commons
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.comWikimedia Commons
Empathy is too narrowly defined if you limit it to “audience.” This focus reveals the origins of the design
thinking process in product development and marketing.
You can empathize with people, animals, or the whole world. You can design things that bring beauty and joy to
the world. It doesn’t have to always solve a problem or win Shark Tank.
Sometimes ethical design is not popular.
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
There are new opportunities for
students to exercise their ethical muscles
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Fourth industrial
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Industrial_Revolution
“Blurring the lines between physical, digital, and biological spheres.”
Circular Design• Takes into account all aspects of
product or system life-cycle, from material source to eventual disposal
• Use waste-stream products as source materials
• Design to eliminate waste and pollution
• Sustainability
• True life-cycle costsCopyright © 2019 Sand & Birch Design
Biomaking & BiohackingBiomaking - Making with Biology
• Grow materials out of fungus, bacteria, and other organisms
• Students learn about the invisible living world around us
• Connections to global cultures that make, eat, and use materials that might seem “yucky”
• Understand global ecological issues
• Accessible now
Biohacking - Biology Making • Synthetic biology
• Design with biological materials, including manipulating genetics
• Students learn how biology is another tool for design.
• Connect to cutting edge real-world research and applications: new drugs, bacteria that detect chemicals, smart materials, programmable bio-organisms
• For brave pioneers
Fungus “monster” pots
Genetically modified bacteria glows in
presence of pollution
Starting Biomaking1. Mycelium fungus. The root structure of fungus can be
coaxed to grow into a wide variety of shapes and properties from flexible leather-like to styrofoam to wood-like and more.
2. Kombucha leather. Bacterial cellulose sheets of leather-like material that are grown by creating a culture of bacteria and yeast in kombucha (fermented tea).
3. Bioplastics. Easy to use materials like agar (red algae) or chitin (crustacean and insect shells) can mimic plastic material.
MYCELIUM - the root structure of fungus
Mushrooms are the fruiting body of fungus
youtu.be/jBXGFOk5_RsFungus as a Design Material
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Mycelium-based products are available NOW. They can be grown into molded shapes of varying weight, strength, and flexibility
Coffee Grounds Hemp Bark
Mycelium “Monster” Planters - Forms designed in Tinkercad & 3D printed
used with permission - Corinne Takara
Mycelium Resources• Evocative - Design resources ecovativedesign.com. Buy the GIY
material grow.bio
• Growing mycelium - biofabforum.org/t/growing-materials-at-home-hard-mycelium-materials-manual/201
• Erik Nauman blogs about his classroom lessons learned making mycelium packaging - metatek.blogspot.com/2019/03/learning-with-mycelium-packaging-of.html
• Mycoworks - Fungus-based leather http://www.mycoworks.com
• Mycoworks video - youtu.be/jBXGFOk5_Rs
• Fantastic Fungi - a documentary about how mushrooms might save the planet fantasticfungi.com
• Radical Mycology -a book and website with essays about the importantance of fungi to the world and resources for growing radicalmycology.com
• Dezeen - Mycelium projects (wide variety of difficulty) dezeen.com/tag/mycelium-design/
• Midwest Grow Kits - buy pre-packaged spores and other mushroom growing products midwestgrowkits.com
Follow#biomaking #mycellium
@FantasticFungi
Starting Biomaking1. Mycelium fungus. The root structure of fungus can be
coaxed to grow into a wide variety of shapes and properties from flexible leather-like to styrofoam to wood-like and more.
2. Kombucha leather. Bacterial cellulose sheets of leather-like material that are grown by creating a culture of bacteria and yeast in kombucha (fermented tea).
3. Bioplastics. Easy to use materials like agar (red algae) or chitin (crustacean and insect shells) can mimic plastic material.
BACTERIAL CELLULOSE - the stuff that grows in Kombucha drinks
By Lukas Chin - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=39194866
SCOBY - symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast
By Hexatekin - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=74530889
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Replace animal products
Suzanne Lee
Find at: http://bit.ly/FETCSM https://publiclab.org/system/images/photos/000/023/355/original/k_leather_HealthMLab.pdf
Parsons Healthy Materials Lab - healthymaterialslab.org
Parsons Healthy Materials Lab - healthymaterialslab.org
Corinne Takara’s BioBuddies Kombucha Leather Sun Dials/Pocketshttps://giybiobuddies.weebly.com/resources.html
2 - 3 weeks
+
Corinne Takara - used with permission
Bacterial Cellulose Resources• NEST Makerspace - nestmakerspace.weebly.com
• Corinne Takara - Winning BioDesign Challenge Project giybiobuddies.weebly.com
• BioDesign Competition - biodesignchallenge.org
• The Tech Interactive Museum BioDesign Studio - thetech.org/biodesignstudio
• Suzanne Lee TED Talk - How to Grow Your Own Clothes ted.com/talks/suzanne_lee_grow_your_own_clothes
• Public Lab - Kombucha Leather open resources and Q&A publiclab.org/wiki/kombucha-leather
• Parsons Healthy Materials Lab - Recipes, guides, research healthymaterialslab.org
• Materiom - recipes materiom.org
• Is Kombucha Alcoholic? - delishably.com/beverages/Is-Kombucha-Alcoholic
Follow
#biomaking #kombuchaleather
#biofabrication #veganleather
Starting Biomaking1. Mycelium fungus. The root structure of fungus can be
coaxed to grow into a wide variety of shapes and properties from flexible leather-like to styrofoam to wood-like and more.
2. Kombucha leather. Bacterial cellulose sheets of leather-like material that are grown by creating a culture of bacteria and yeast in kombucha (fermented tea).
3. Bioplastics. Easy to use materials like agar (red algae) or chitin (crustacean and insect shells) can mimic plastic material.
BIOPLASTICS
“The world has produced over nine billion tons of plastic since the 1950s. 165 million tons of it have trashed our ocean, with almost 9 million more tons entering the oceans each year. Since only about 9 percent of plastic gets recycled, much of the rest pollutes the environment or sits in landfills, where it can take up to 500 years to decompose while leaching toxic chemicals into the ground.”
The Truth About Bioplastics - Columbia University Earth Institute
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Bioplastics Chitosan (shrimp shells) second most abundant organic material on Earth
Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering
Water soluble 3D printed architectural panels made from shrimp shells with light sensitive organisms trapped in air bubblesNeri Oxman, MIT
LEGO now uses a polyethylene plastic made from ethanol produced from sustainably sourced sugar cane for the trees, leaves and other vegetation in kits. It hopes to produce all LEGO pieces from the bioplastic by 2030.
Best materials for classrooms for bioplastics investigations
• Agar (agar agar) - Red algae. Used in Japanese cooking, petri dishes.
• Chitosan - made from chitin (mainly shrimp & crab shells). Used as a natural bio-pesticide, water filter, bioadhesive, wound dressing.
• Gelatin plastic - easy to source and make (but is an animal product).
source: wikimedia
https://youtu.be/5M_eDLyfzp8
Corinne Takara - used with permission
BioPlastics Resources
• Notpla Food pods - notpla.com
• Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering (Harvard) - wyss.harvard.edu
• Agar based packaging - materialdistrict.com/article/agar-plasticity-exciting-potential-seaweed-based-packaging/
• Multiple recipes for making your own algae based plastic making-biodiesel-books.com/algae-bioproducts/algae-bioplastics/make-bioplastics-from-algae/
• Materiom - Chitosan plastic - materiom.org/recipe/48. Gelatin plastic materiom.org/recipe/22
Follow#bioplastics
#breakfreefromplastic #sustainabledesign
https://biojamcamp.weebly.com/kit-contents.html
Bio Jam Camp
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Makers UniteSolve problems with:
• Open source technology
• Open designs
• Open information channels
• Open invitation to all - newcomers and veterans alike
birds.cornell.edu/citizenscience
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Opportunities for• Students as experts
• Collaboration with near or far away family members
• Participation in the conversations of a real community
• Parents as experts
Biomaking & BiohackingBiomaking - Making with Biology
• Grow materials out of fungus, bacteria, and other organisms
• Students learn about the invisible living world around us
• Connections to global cultures that make, eat, and use materials that might seem “yucky”
• Understand global ecological issues
• Accessible now
Biohacking - Biology Making • Synthetic biology
• Design with biological materials, including manipulating genetics
• Students learn how biology is another tool for design.
• Connect to cutting edge real-world research and applications: new drugs, bacteria that detect chemicals, smart materials, programmable bio-organisms
• For brave pioneers
Fungus “monster” pots
Genetically modified bacteria glows in
presence of pollution
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Synthetic biology
• We can design building blocks of life, combine and remix them
• DNA can now be fabricated, genetics altered to create desired characteristics
• Don’t have to wait for evolution
• Design microbes that generate cheap alternative energy, attack tumors, deliver medicine, detect fertilizer runoff in drinking water, reveal the location of land mines…
© 2019 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.comMendel - founder of modern genetics
Hackuarium
• wiki.hackuarium.ch/
• Resources, projects, open source activities, tool lists
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.combiobuilder.org
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
BioBuilderTextbookOpen source curriculum
biobuilder.org
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
biobuilder.orgResources, lab kits, workshops
Harvard BioAcademy - http://bio.academany.org
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
biomakerlab• Prototype stage: a low cost
mobile lab device used to genetically modify and fabricate (grow) bacterial or yeast cells
• 3 units of HS curriculum being developed with UPenn (PennDesign Emerging Design Practices, and Grad School of Education)
Justice Walker, grad student, teaching HS
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
This high school synthetic biology workshop used a microblogging site to host
discussions led by students of the social and scientific
impacts of synthetic biology.
Shaw, Mia, Justice Walker, and Yasmin Kafai. "Arguing about Synthetic Biology in 140 Characters or Less: Affordances of Microblogging for High School Students Discussions of Socioscientific Issues." (2019).
Outcomes• Extend projects over time, integrate with other ongoing
projects. Growing things takes time
• Teach students to slow down
• Improve observation skills
• Improve relationship with natural world - especially “icky” things
• STEAM - artistic use of materials, cultural connections, ecology, concern about environment
• Encourage young people that the problems of the world can be solved - by them
Barron, B., Martin, C. K., Takeuchi, L., & Fithian, R. (2009). Parents as learning partners in the development of technological fluency. Stanford University
How Parents Can Help1. Teacher. Teach children new concepts and answer questions.2. Learning Broker. Find or create opportunities for scientific play
and exploration. Set up connections that children can maintain themselves.
3. Project collaborator. Work together on projects of interest.4. Resource provider. Acquire books, tools, and materials.5. Employer. Ask a child to do a specific job, fix things, or make
useful things for the family.6. Learner. Listen when your child wants to explain things. Ask
for their explanations without jumping in with the “right” answer.7. Supporter. Offer encouragement and advice.
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
“Action indeed is the sole medium of expression for ethics.”
Jane Addams - suffragette, social reformer, Nobel Peace Prize winner
“The good we secure for ourselves is precarious and uncertain until it is secured for all of us and
incorporated into our common life.”
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Not about jobs.
and change the world.
About powerful opportunities to make sense of the world
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Making in the K-3
Classroom
Alice Baggett
Why, How,
Exciting STEM Projects!
Y The Invent to Learn Guide to
and Wow!
Invent to Learn Guides
Books from CMK Press cmkpress.com
© 2020 Sylvia Martinez sylviamartinez.com
Thank you!Sylvia Martinez
sylviamartinez.com
Twitter: @smartinez
inventtolearn.com