Tai Lieu Huong Dan code ios

5/28/2018 Tai Lieu Huong Dan code ios

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2013

Nguyn Anh Tip - Cao Thanh V

i Hc Lc Hng

20/11/2013

Ti Liu Hng Dn Xy Dngng Dng iPhone


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MC LC

CHNG I CHUN BTRC KHI BT U XY DNG NG DNG ........... 1

1.1 CHUN BHIU HNH MAC OS .................................................................... 21.1.1 Lp Trnh ng Dng Iphone Trn Windows .................................................. 2

1.1.2 SDng Sn Phm Chnh Hng Apple ............................................................ 3

1.1.3 Chy Hiu Hnh Mac Os Trn Pc/Laptop Intel/AmdTi Sao Khng?....................................................................................................................................... 5

1.2 PHN MM XCODE .................................................................................................. 7

1.2.1 Ci t Thng Qua Bn Ti VTTrang Dnh Cho Developer .................. 8

1.2.2 Ci t Thng Qua Apple Mac Store ............................................................. 101.2.3 Ci t TBn Xcode c Chia STrn Internet .................................... 11

CHNG II TM HIU XCODE V IOS SIMULATOR ......................................... 12

2.1 TM HIU XCODE 5 ................................................................................................ 13

2.1.1 Gii Thiu VXcode 5 ..................................................................................... 13

2.1.2 Thao Tc To ng Dng Mi ......................................................................... 16

2.1.3 Tm Hiu Giao Din Xcode V Mt STnh Nng....................................... 20

2.1.4 Thit KGiao Din ........................................................................................... 262.1.5 Vit Code ........................................................................................................... 29

2.1.6 Thc Thi V Kim Tra Li Ca ng Dng ................................................... 34

2.2 TM HIU IOS SIMULATOR ................................................................................. 38

2.2.1 Gii Thiu iOS Simulator ................................................................................ 38

2.2.2 Tm Hiu iOS Simulator .................................................................................. 38

CHNG III NGN NGOBJECTIVE-C ................................................................ 48

3.1 GII THIU NGN NGOBJECTIVED-C ........................................................ 49

3.2 KHAI BO BIN - CCH SDNG ..................................................................... 49

3.2.1 Bin ..................................................................................................................... 49

3.2.2 Quy Tc t Tn ............................................................................................... 50

3.3 KIU DLIU .......................................................................................................... 50


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3.4 PHP TON ............................................................................................................... 51

3.5 CH THCH CODE .................................................................................................. 51

3.6 XUT DLIU RA MN HNH ............................................................................ 52

3.7 FUNCTION ................................................................................................................. 54

3.7.1 nh Ngha......................................................................................................... 54

3.7.2 Phng Thc Khng C Tham STruyn Vo ........................................... 54

3.7.3 Phng Thc C 1 Tham STruyn Vo ...................................................... 55

3.7.4 Phng Thc C Nhiu Tham STruyn Vo.............................................. 55

3.8 CU TRC IU KIN ........................................................................................... 57

3.8.1 Cu Lnh If ....................................................................................................... 57

3.8.2 Cu Lnh IfElse ............................................................................................ 57

3.8.3 Cu Lnh Switch - Case ................................................................................... 58

3.9 Cu Trc Lp .............................................................................................................. 59

3.9.1 Vng Lp For .................................................................................................... 59

3.9.2 Vng Lp While ................................................................................................ 59

3.9.3 Vng Lp Do-While .......................................................................................... 60

3.10 MNG........................................................................................................................ 61

3.10.1 nh Ngha....................................................................................................... 61

3.10.2 Mng Nsarray ................................................................................................. 61

3.11 CHUII TNG NSSTRING...................................................................... 62

3.11.1 Khi To Chui ............................................................................................... 62

3.11.2 i Tng NSString ....................................................................................... 63

3.11.3 Tm Kim Bn Trong Chui .......................................................................... 63

3.11.4 Tm Chui V Thay N Thnh Chui Khc ................................................ 64

3.11.5 Xo Ni Dung Bn Trong Chui ................................................................... 64

3.11.6 Ct Chui ......................................................................................................... 65

3.11.7 Chn K TVo Trong Chui ...................................................................... 66

3.11.8 Chn K TVo Cui Chui ........................................................................ 66

3.11.8 So Snh Chui ................................................................................................. 67

3.11.9 So Snh Chui Vi K Tu V Cui Chui ........................................... 67


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3.11.10 Chuyn i Hnh Dng Ca Ch................................................................ 68

3.11.11 Chuyn Chui Thnh Dng S.................................................................... 70

CHNG IV MT STHAO TC C BN ............................................................. 72

4.1 APP ICONLOADING SCREEN .......................................................................... 73

4.1.1 App Icon............................................................................................................. 73

4.1.2 Loading Screen .................................................................................................. 75

4.2 THAY I APP NAME ............................................................................................ 76

4.3 N STATUS BAR ...................................................................................................... 78

4.4 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................... 79

4.4.1 Background Image ............................................................................................ 79

4.4.2 Background Color ............................................................................................ 83

4.5 THM FRAMEWORK ............................................................................................. 84

CHNG V MT SI TNG C BN ............................................................ 86

5.1 I TNG LABELBUTTONTEXT FIELD ............................................... 87

5.1.1 Gii Thiu .......................................................................................................... 87

5.1.2 V D.................................................................................................................. 90

5.2 KT NI C SDLIU VI SQLITE ............................................................. 94

5.2.1 Gii Thiu .......................................................................................................... 94

5.2.2 Ci t Sqlite Manager Cho Firefox .............................................................. 94

5.2.3 Cu Hnh ng Dng Tng Tc Vi Sqlite ............................................. 95

5.2.4 Cc Hm Trong Sqlite ...................................................................................... 96

5.2.5 V D.................................................................................................................. 99

5.3 SDNG CAMERA IPHONE .............................................................................. 109

5.3.1 Gii Thiu ........................................................................................................ 109

5.3.2 V D................................................................................................................ 109

5.4 UIIMAGE .................................................................................................................. 113

5.4.1 Gii Thiu ........................................................................................................ 113

5.4.2 Cc nh Dng nh HTrTrn Iphone ................................................... 114

5.4.3 V D................................................................................................................ 114

5.5 UIALERT VIEW ...................................................................................................... 121


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5.5.1 Gii Thiu ........................................................................................................ 121

5.5.2 c im .......................................................................................................... 121

5.5.3 V D................................................................................................................ 122

5.6 UISLIDER ................................................................................................................. 124

5.6.1 Gii Thiu ........................................................................................................ 124

5.6.2 c im .......................................................................................................... 125

5.6.3 V D................................................................................................................ 125

5.7 UIWEBVIEW ........................................................................................................... 128

5.7.1 Gii Thiu ........................................................................................................ 128

5.7.2 V D................................................................................................................ 129

5.8 ACTIVITY INDICATOR VIEW ............................................................................ 132

5.8.1 Gii Thiu ........................................................................................................ 132

5.8.2 V D................................................................................................................ 132

5.9 ACTIONSHEET ....................................................................................................... 136

5.9.1 Gii Thiu ........................................................................................................ 136

5.9.2 c im .......................................................................................................... 136

5.9.3 V D................................................................................................................ 137

5.10 MK MAP VIEW ..................................................................................................... 138

5.10.1 Gii Thiu ...................................................................................................... 138

5.10.2 V D.............................................................................................................. 139

5.11 TABLE VIEW CONTROLLER ........................................................................... 143

5.11.1 Gii Thiu ...................................................................................................... 143

5.11.2 V D.............................................................................................................. 143

5.12 SEARCH BAR ........................................................................................................ 147

5.12.1 Gii Thiu ...................................................................................................... 147

5.12.2 V D.............................................................................................................. 148

5.13 TRUYN DLIU GIA CC VIEW .............................................................. 152

5.13.1 Gii Thiu ...................................................................................................... 152

5.13.2 V D.............................................................................................................. 152

CHNG VI HNG DN XY DNG PHN MM .......................................... 157


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6.1 PHN MM KIM TRA M VIN ........................................................................ 158

6.1.1 Gii Thiu ........................................................................................................ 158

6.1.2 Chun B.......................................................................................................... 158

6.1.3 Cu Trc Phn Mm ...................................................................................... 158

6.1.4 C ChVn Hnh ........................................................................................... 159

6.1.5 Tnh Nng........................................................................................................ 160

6.1.6 Tin Hnh ........................................................................................................ 163

6.2 PHN MM TM KIM A IM XUNG QUANH (PLACESNEARME) .. 220

6.2.1 Gii Thiu ........................................................................................................ 220

6.2.2 Chun B.......................................................................................................... 220

6.2.3 Cu Trc Phn Mm ...................................................................................... 220

6.2.4 C ChVn Hnh Ca Placesnearme .......................................................... 221

6.2.5 Tnh Nng........................................................................................................ 222

6.2.6 Tin Hnh ........................................................................................................ 226

CHNG VII A NG DNG LN IPHONE ...................................................... 385

7.1 GII THIU ............................................................................................................. 386

7.2 QU TRNH CHUN B........................................................................................ 386

7.3 TIN HNH ............................................................................................................. 388

CHNG VIII MT SVN KHC ................................................................ 396

8.1 XY DNG NG DNG CHO IOS 6 - IOS 6.1 TRN XCODE 5 ................... 397

8.2 XY DNG NG DNG HTRNHIU VERSION IOS ............................. 403

CU HI THNG GP ............................................................................................ 407

PHLC ........................................................................................................................ 411


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LI MU

Ngy nay xu hng sdng Smartphone v my tnh bng ang gia tng nhanh

chng trn thgii ni chung v Vit Nam ni ring, trong Vit Nam hin ang ng

thhai thgii vtc tng trng smartphone & my tnh bng vi tc tng trng

266%. Android, iOS, Windows Phone l nhng hiu hnh chy trn Smartphone v

my tnh bng phbin nht thgii: Android 75%, iOS 17,3%, Windows Phone 3,2%.

Ti Vit Nam, theo nghin cu ca IDC, vo thi im qu 2/2013, iOS ang chim tl

1.6% trn tng sthit bphn phi ti Vit Nam, ng thba sau Android v Windows

Phone.

Cng vi stng trng ca Smartphone v cc hiu hnh chy trn Smartphone,

slng ng dng cho cc hiu hnh ngy cng tng, tnh cho n ht nm 2012, s

lng ng dng iOS trn Apple App Store hn 775.000 ng dng v Google Play

c hn 700.000 ng dng.Vi spht trin quy m ln ca ng dng, nhu cu tm hiu

vlp trnh ng dng cho cc hiu hnh cng tng dn.

Tuy nhin, thc tin cho thy, vic tm hiu cng nh tham gia cc lp hc vlp

trnh ng dng iPhone Vit Nam cn nhiu hn chv kh khn.Cc lp dy lp trnh

ng dng iPhone chmi xut hin nhiu trong thi gian gn y,do slng vn cnhn ch.

Bn cnh ngun ti liu ting Vit cn t, vic tm hiu v sdng cng clp

trnh cng nh tham kho ti liu ting Anh vlp trnh ng dng iPhone i hi ngi

tm hiu phi tiu tn mt khong thi gian di cng nh c mt t hiu bit vlp trnh

v khnng c hiu ting Anh tt. Hn na cc ti liu ting Vit do cc trung tm

ging dy lp trnh iPhone bin son chlu hnh ni b, ngi tm hiu buc phi chi

mt khon tin tham dlp hc mi c thc c nhng ti liu ny.

Vi mong mun tm hiu cch xy dng ng dng iPhone c thm kin thc mi,

gip ch cho qu trnh lm vic sau khi ra trng cng nh gim bt nhng kh khn cho

ngi mi bt u tm hiu vlp trnh ng dng trn iPhone, nhm nghin cu thc


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hin nghin cu, xy dng mt sng dng trn iPhone da trn kin thc tm hiu c,

t tng hp v xy dng thnh ti liu Hng dn xy dng ng dng trn iPhone. Vi

nhng v dring cho tng i tng, ngi c sddng nm bt v hiu r cch s

dng, chc nng ca tng i tng khc nhau. Bn cnh ti liu cn km theo hng

dn chi tit tng bc xy dng mt vi ng dng thc tm nhm nghin cu thc hin c trong qu trnh nghin cu. Hi vng rng ni dung ca ti liu ny sgip

ch phn no cho mi ngi khi bt u tm hiu vlp trnh iPhone, t c thtit

kim bt thi gian cho qu trnh tm hiu.

Mi kin ng gp xin lin lc qua [email protected]

[email protected] mong nhn c sgp chn thnh tmi ngi ti liu

hng dn ngy cng hon thin hn.

Nhm nghin cu

Nguyn Anh TipCao Thanh Vng
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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CHNG ICHUN BTRC KHI BT U XY DNG NG DNG

Qu trnh chun btrc khi bt u lp trnh ng dng trn iPhone l qu trnh c

bn m bn phi chun bcho tht klng. Qu trnh ny schun bcho bn cc iu

kin cn thit c th thun li bt u tm hiu v lp trnh ng dng trn iPhone.

Trong chng ny, bn sc gii thiu s lc vqu trnh chun b, cc cch thc

bn c c hiu hnh Mac OS v bcng cXcode. Hai iu kin ny l iu kin

cn thit bt u lp trnh iOS.

Tuy nhin ni dung phn chun bhiu hnh Mac OS chc gii thiu s

lc vi bn cc cch thc c c mt hiu hnh Mac OS n nh (cch thc ci

t Mac OS trn thit bIntel/AMD) cho vic lp trnh chkhng i sau vo hng dncthbi iu thuc vmt lnh vc kin thc khc i hi phi o su tm hiu.


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2

1.1 CHUN BHIU HNH MAC OS

Vic lp trnh ng dng cho iPhone i hi bn phi sdng bcng cdo chnh

Apple cung cp gi l Xcode, v bcng cny chy trn nn tng ca hiu hnh Mac

OS. Nu bn mun bt u cho vic xy dng ng dng cho iPhone th bn nn bt u

ngay vi vic chun b cho mnh mt chic my chy h iu hnh Mac OS. Sau ychng ti sgii thiu cho bn mt scch thc bn c thshu cho mnh mt h

iu hnh Mac OS ph hp.

1.1.1 Lp Trnh ng Dng Iphone Trn Windows

Nu bn mun lp trnh ng dng cho iPhone, nhng li mun thc hin trn mi

trng Windows c th thao tc thm cc cng vic khc trn mi trng ny, la

chn tt nht cho bn lc ny chnh l sdng mt my o chy hiu hnh Mac OS lp trnh. Tuy nhin nu bn la chn phng n ny, cu hnh my ca bn phi mnh,

CPU xl tt, v bn nn dnh t nht 2G RAM cho my o hot ng tt hn.

Lm cch no ti c thshu mt my o chy Mac OS cho r ing mnh?

Bn c hai cch c thshu mt my o chy Mac OS cho mnh.

Cch mt l bn chun bmt a ci Mac OS v phn mm htrto my o nh

VMWare , Virtualbox sau bn tin hnh ci t bnh thng bng tay. a ci t

Mac OS bn c thmua cc tim bn a phn mm. Hoc bn c thti vtrn mng

mt a ci Mac OS ui .iso ( Thng th trn mng c a ci ui .dmg, bn phi

chuyn i qua ui .isoc htrtt nht tphn mm to my o).

Cch thhai l bn ti vmt my o hon chnh c ci t sn Mac OS, sau

mln bng phn mm chy my o l bn c thc mt hiu hnh Mac OS.

Bn nn truy cp vo

Din n Tinh T:www.tinhte.vn/forums/chuyen-de-hackintosh.361/.

Cng ng Hackinosh:www.facebook.com/groups/hackintoshvietnam/.
http://www.tinhte.vn/forums/chuyen-de-hackintosh.361/http://www.tinhte.vn/forums/chuyen-de-hackintosh.361/http://www.tinhte.vn/forums/chuyen-de-hackintosh.361/http://www.facebook.com/groups/hackintoshvietnam/http://www.facebook.com/groups/hackintoshvietnam/http://www.facebook.com/groups/hackintoshvietnam/http://www.tinhte.vn/forums/chuyen-de-hackintosh.361/


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3

tm hiu thm tin trnh ci t my o, cc vn xy ra trong qu trnh ci.

Ngoi ra bn cng c thtm cc my o chy Mac OS ci t sn ti

Soul Dev Team:http://www.souldevteam.net/.

1.1.2 SDng Sn Phm Chnh Hng Apple

Nu gia nh bn c iu kin, bn c thmua ngay cho mnh mt chic my Apple

chnh hng, sdng trn vn tnh nng cng nh shtrti a tApple.

Bn truy cp vo www.apple.com, chn Store, sau la chn Shop Mac n

chuyn mc bn cc sn phm chy Mac OS ca Apple. Ti y bn c th la chn

nhiu loi sn phm khc nhau nh Macbook Air, Macbook Pro, iMac, Mac mini.

Hnh 1.1 Truy cp Store Mac OS

Ty theo s thch v nhu cu, cng nh khnng ti chnh m bn la chn chomnh mt chic my thch hp. Bn c th thanh ton cho Apple v i hng c

chuyn v, hoc tm n cc trung tm bn hng ca Apple gn nh mua. Hoc bn

cng c thtruy cp vo a chwww.apple.com/asia/reseller/ tm kim cc a im

bn hng ca Apple gn nht. Vit Nam, bn hy truy cp vo trang
http://www.souldevteam.net/http://www.souldevteam.net/http://www.souldevteam.net/http://www.apple.com/http://www.apple.com/http://www.apple.com/asia/reseller/http://www.apple.com/asia/reseller/http://www.apple.com/asia/reseller/http://www.apple.com/asia/reseller/http://www.apple.com/http://www.souldevteam.net/


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4

www.icenter.com.vnc thnhanh chng tm c ca hng bn sn phm ca Apple

gn nht ni bn sng. Vic ny gip bn c thnhanh chng c trong tay mt sn phm

chnh hng Apple, thanh ton tin li m khng phi tn thi gian cho vic chuyn khon

thanh ton cng nh chi vn chuyn sn phm tnc ngoi v.

Nu mun tit kim thm chi ph bn c thtruy cp

www.store.apple.com/us/browse/home/specialdeals/mactm mua cc gim phm

Refurbished ca Apple vi mc gi thp hn.

Hnh 1.2 Store Refurbished

Nu bn mun mua my chnh hng Apple vi gi rhn na, th vic mua li sn

phm qua sdng l mt gi ng cho bn cn nhc. i vi vic mua li my

qua sdng bn c thvo mt strang mua bn c cht lng tm mua sn phm ph

hp vi ti tin. Chng hn nh cc trangwww.5giay.vn,www.nhattao.com.. l cctrang vi rt nhiu schn, cc dng my a dng cng nh mc tin khc nhau, ty theo

nhu cn v iu kin cho php m bn c thtm c mt chic my ng mnh.
http://www.icenter.com.vn/http://www.icenter.com.vn/http://www.store.apple.com/us/browse/home/specialdeals/machttp://www.store.apple.com/us/browse/home/specialdeals/machttp://www.5giay.vn/http://www.5giay.vn/http://www.5giay.vn/http://www.nhattao.com/http://www.nhattao.com/http://www.nhattao.com/http://www.nhattao.com/http://www.5giay.vn/http://www.store.apple.com/us/browse/home/specialdeals/machttp://www.icenter.com.vn/


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Hnh 1.3 Mua li my c

Nu bn la chn mua my c, phi la chn tht klng ti my n cu hnh, tt

nht nn chn mua nhng my sn xut trong 1-2 nm gn nht, c bit bn phi kimtra xem my mnh mun mua c htrnhng phin bn Mac OS no. V sao phi nh

vy ? Bi v Xcode 5 chy trn Mac OS 8 trln, nu bn chn mua my chhtrMac

OS 7 trvtrc, th bn khng thci c Xcode 5 m chc thsdng cc phin

bn thp hn.

1.1.3 Chy Hiu Hnh Mac Os Trn Pc/Laptop Intel/AmdTi Sao Khng?

Vic ci Mac OS ln chic PC hay laptop ca bn cng l mt phng php tt va c c hiu hnh Mac OS, va c thm kinh nghim trong qu trnh ci t, v

hn na l tit kim c chi ph. C hai dng ci t hackintosh l ci t tmt bn

c chnh sa sn nh iAtkos ( h trdng my intel ) hay Niresh (h tr thm dng

my AMD) v ci t ta gc ca Apple (Mac OS Retail) . Dng ci t ta gc ca

Apple i hi bn sau khi ci t phi tin hnh thm nhiu thao tc khc c thc


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6

c mt hiu hnh Mac OS hon thin, cn i vi bn chnh sa sn th gn nh

khng iu chnh thm nhiu.

Hnh 1.4 iATKOS v Niresh

Bn c hai phng n la chn nu mun chy Mac OS ln my ca mnh: tci

th cng v thu ngi ci t. Nu bn thu ngi ci t, chi ph thng khong t

100.000 vn n 200.000 vn ty theo yu cu ci t nh thno.

Hnh 1.5 Tm kim Ci t Mac OS cho PC/Laptop


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7

Vi vic thu ngi ci, bn chgn bo cu hnh my cho ngi ci t hquyt

nh v cho bn li khuyn. Bi vic ci t Hackintosh phthuc rt nhiu vo tng

thch phn cng ca thit bvi hiu hnh Mac OS, do khng phi my no cng c

thci c. Tuy nhin phng n ny gip bn vt vhn, cng nh tit kim c

thi gian hn.

Mt phngn khc l bn tci. Vi cch la chn ny, bn phi tm hiu v

Hackintosh, cng nh cc lu khi ci t, cc li xy ra v cch khc phc Nu bn

la chn cch ny, bn nn tm hiu mt sdin n, hi nhm chuyn vHackintosh

c thm kin thc, kinh nghim v strgip tcng ng. y chng ti gii thiu

cho bn hai a chuy tn vHackintosh:

- Chuyn Hackintosh trn Tinh Ta ch: www.tinhte.vn/forums/chuyen-

de-hackintosh.361/

- Group HackintoshWe Love Mac a ch:

www.facebook.com/groups/hackintoshvietnam/

Ti y bn stm c nhiu ti liu hng dn cng nh sgip tn tnh ca

mi ngi, hi vng bn sc mt hiu hnh Mac OS hon chnh.

Bn c bit:

- Phn cng ca my tnh rt quan trng khi quyt nh ci Mac OS ln my tnh thng

thng v khng phi phn cng no cng c thtm c Kext (C thhiu ging nh

Driver cho thit btrn hiu hnh Windows.

- Card VGA Intel Graphic HD 4000 v Intel Graphic HD 3000 c Mac OS htrKext

rt tt.

- a phn dng HP Probook htrtt Hackintosh.

1.2 PHN MM XCODE

Sau khi bn c c hiu hnh Mac OS, vic tip theo bn phi lm trc khi

c thbt u lp trnh ng dng iPhone l ci bcng clp trnh Xcode do Apple cung
http://www.tinhte.vn/forums/chuyen-de-hackintosh.361/http://www.tinhte.vn/forums/chuyen-de-hackintosh.361/http://www.tinhte.vn/forums/chuyen-de-hackintosh.361/http://www.facebook.com/groups/hackintoshvietnam/http://www.facebook.com/groups/hackintoshvietnam/http://www.facebook.com/groups/hackintoshvietnam/http://www.tinhte.vn/forums/chuyen-de-hackintosh.361/http://www.tinhte.vn/forums/chuyen-de-hackintosh.361/


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cp cho cc nh lp trnh ng dng, cc nh lp trnh c thpht trin ng dng cho c

iOS ln Mac OS. Vic ci t Xcode c nhiu cch, ty theo bn chn la cch no ph

hp vi bn thn.

1.2.1 Ci t Thng Qua Bn Ti VTTrang Dnh Cho DeveloperBn truy cp vo trangwww.developer.apple.comtin hnh ti phin bn Xcode

mi nht ( hoc cc phin bn khc ty theo nhu cu ca bn).

Hnh 1.6 Ti Xcode ttrang Developer

Tip theo bn la chn View Download.
http://www.developer.apple.com/http://www.developer.apple.com/http://www.developer.apple.com/http://www.developer.apple.com/


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9

Hnh 1.7 Chn View Download

Apple syu cu bn ng nhp ti khon Developer ID tip tc.

Hnh 1.8 ng nhp Developer ID

Sau khi bn ng nhp bng ti khon Developer xong, thc hin theo hng dn,

bn sti vc phn mm Xcode v tin hnh ci t trn my.


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10

Vi ti khon Developer ID vi gi 99$ / nm, bn slun c Apple cp nht thng tin

cng nghmi, cng nh htr, sdng trc cc phin bn mi ca Apple nh cc bn

preview iOS, Mac OS, Xcode

1.2.2 Ci t Thng Qua Apple Mac Store

y l cch phbin nht, v vic ti Xcode trn Apple Store l min ph, v chcn

bn c mt ti khon Apple ID l c, khng yu cu phi l Developer ID.

Bn chcn truy cp vo Apple Mac Store v tm kim Xcode, bn sthy kt qu

l phn mm Xcode Free, cng vic by gil bn chcn Install v chi hon tt.

Hnh 1.9 Ci t Xcode qua Apple Mac Store


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11

Trong App Store bn cng c thtm c nhiu gio trnh, bi ging vlp trnh

ng dng bng Xcode.

1.2.3 Ci t TBn Xcode c Chia STrn Internet

i vi cch ci t ny, bn ch cn truy cp internet v tm bn ci t Xcodec chia strn mng v ti vci t trn my ca bn. Tuy nhin bn smt thi gian

tm kim trn internet tm c bn ci t va , tc ti tt nht.


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CHNG IITM HIU XCODE V IOS SIMULATOR

Chng ny smang n cho bn kin thc vbcng cXcode cng nh cng c

gilp hiu hnh iOS l iOS Simulator. Qua nhng kin thc c cung cp, bn s

nm r vgiao din, mt stnh nng, cc button v cng dng ca n trn Xcode v iOS

Simulator. Ngoi ra, bn sc hng dn mt sthao tc c bn khi sdng Xcode,

iOS Simulator t bn s d dng hn trong vic s dng b cng cny trong qu

trnh lp trnh ng dng iPhone vsau.


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2.1 TM HIU XCODE 5

2.1.1 Gii Thiu VXcode 5

Phn mm Xcode l bcng cdo Apple cung cp cho cc lp trnh vin lp

trnh ng dng cho cc thit bchy hiu hnh ca Apple. Phin bn mi nht hin nay

ca Xcode l bn Xcode 5 trn trang Developer ca Apple.

Hnh 2.1 Phin bn Xcode 5 trn trang Apple

Giao din lm vic ca Xcode gm c 5 phn chnh : Toolbar, Editor area,

Navigator area, Debug area, Utility area.

- Debug area: y l vng htrbn trong qu trnh debug li ca chng

trnh.

- Toolbar area: vng cha cc cng ctin ch gip bn c thn gin trong

vic chy, debug ng dng, la chn iOS Simulator, ng mcc vng khc- Editor area: vng bn thit kgiao din, vit v chnh sa code ca

chng trnh.

- Utility area: vng ny cho php bn ty chnh cc tham s, gi trca cc i

tng trn giao din, cng nh cho php bn ko thv sdng cc i tng


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c sn ca Xcode nh Button, Label, Slider hay cc on code mu ( If,

Switch).

- Navigator area: cung cp cho bn mt cch nhn trc quan, tin li cho vic

qun l ng dng, xem thng bo li, tm kim mt on code trong chng

trnh hay kim tra mc hot ng ca RAM, CPU khi chy ng dng

Hnh 2.2 Giao din Xcode

Xcode cng cung cp cho bn mt chgli thng minh htrbn trong vic

pht hin li, cnh bo li v gi thay thkhc phc


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Hnh 2.3 Chgli

Hn thna, km theo Xcode l mt b ti liu hng dn tng bc, chi tit v

tin li nhm htrngi dng trong vic lp trnh. Trong qu trnh vit ng dng, nu

bn mun tm hiu thm mt i tng, bn c thsdng ti bti liu ny c c

hng dn, v dminh ha dhiu.

Hnh 2.4 Ti liu hng dn


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Bn c thxem thm ti liu vXcode do Apple cung cp ti:

https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/ToolsLanguages/Conceptual/Xcod

e_Overview/About_Xcode/about.html

2.1.2 Thao Tc To ng Dng Mi

Khi khi ng Xcode ln, giao din hin ra cho php bn to mt project mi,

hoc mli cc project gn y.

Hnh 2.5 Giao din Xcode khi mln

Ti giao din Xcode, bn c thto mi mt project bng cch chn Create new

project. Ngoi ra bn c thto project mi bng cch chn File> New> Project.
https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/ToolsLanguages/Conceptual/Xcode_Overview/About_Xcode/about.htmlhttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/ToolsLanguages/Conceptual/Xcode_Overview/About_Xcode/about.htmlhttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/ToolsLanguages/Conceptual/Xcode_Overview/About_Xcode/about.htmlhttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/ToolsLanguages/Conceptual/Xcode_Overview/About_Xcode/about.htmlhttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/ToolsLanguages/Conceptual/Xcode_Overview/About_Xcode/about.html


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Hnh 2.6 To mi Project bng Menu

Sau khi chn New Project, Xcode syu cu bn la chn mt hnh thc cho Project

ny (ng dng cho iPhone hay Mac OS, Single View hay Empty View). Cch n gin

nht l bn chn Single View.

Hnh 2.7 Chn la mu cho project


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Tip theo bn in thm mt vi thuc tnh ca Project nh Product Name,

Organization Name, Company Identifer. Sau bn tin hnh la chn Devices cho

Project (iPhone, iPad hay Universal vit ng dng cho chai).

Hnh 2.8 in thng tin cho project

Tip theo bn chn ni lu trProject trn my tnh lu Project v chn Create.


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Hnh 2.9 Chn ni lu Project

Nh vy bn to xong mt Project mi.

Hnh 2.10 Giao din project mi to


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2.1.3 Tm Hiu Giao Din Xcode V Mt STnh Nng

2.1.3.1 Navigator Area

Navigator areacho php bn qun l ng dng hiu qunh qun l cc tp tin,

th mc, qun l cc thng bo li v cnh bo, qun l vic debugC thchia

Navigator area thnh hai phn chnh l Navigator selector barv Content area.

Hnh 2.11 Giao din Navigator

Trong Navigator selector bar gm mt sbutton chnh sau:

- Project Navigator( ): dng qun l cc tp tin ca ng dng nh thm,

xa, gom nhmCc tp tin qun l sc thhin trong Content area.


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- Find Navigator( ): sdng tm kim mt cch nhanh chng cc string

trong ng dng, tm kim ni dung mrng.

- Issue Navigator( ): qun l cc thng bo li, cnh bo ca ng dng.

-

Debug Navigator( ): theo di qu trnh debug ng dng.

2.1.3.2 Editor Area

Editor areacho php bn thit kgiao din, vit v sa code cho ng dng. Khi

bn chn tp tin storyboardbn Content area th Editor area shin thgiao din

Interface Buildercho bn thit kgiao din. Tng tvi tp tin .m v .h th Editor area

shin thni dung code ca tp tin.

Hnh 2.12 Giao din ng dng


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Hnh 2.13 Giao din code

Editor areacn cho php bn qun l cc i tng trong giao din mt cch chi

tit hn. Trong phn Interface Builder, bn chn button Show Document Outline (

) bn gc tri mn hnh, bn s thy c mt vng qun l phn cp cc i

tng.


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Hnh 2.14 Giao din qun l chi tit

2.1.3.3 Toolbar Area

Toolbarcho php thc hin mt sthao tc mt cch nhanh chng thng qua cc

Button m khng cn phi dng ti Menu. Toolbar gm mt sthnh phn sau:

- Run button( ): dng chy thng dng.

- Stop button( ): dng dng vic chy thng dng.

- Scheme menu( ): dng la chn iOS Simulator

thch hp chy ng dng.

- Activity viewer: thng bo trng thi ca ng dng, cng nh hin cc trng

thi li, cnh bo ca chng trnh (nu c).

Hnh 2.15 Activity viewer


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- Editor selector( ): gm cc button dng iu chnh Editor area

(cho php chia i Editor area ra lm hai hay chl mt vng duy nht).

- View selector( ): dng n/hin cc vng Navigator area, Utility

area, Debug area.

Hnh 2.16 Toolbar area

2.1.3.4 Utility Area

Utility areac s dng thay i cc thuc tnh ca i tng bn InterfaceBuilder, ngoi ra cn c sdng la chn v ko thcc i tng, on code mu

vo Interface Buider v Editor.

Utility area c chia lm 2 vng chnh l Inspectorv Library. Inspector panel

vng cho php bn c sthay i thuc tnh ca i tng. Trn u ca Inspector pane

l Inspector selector barbao gm cc button htrbn trong vic iu chnh thuc tnh.

Trn u ca Libarary pane l Libaray selector bar bao gm cc button bn c th

chn la ph hp trong vic sdng cc on code mu, cc i tng.


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Hnh 2.17 Utility area

Trong Inspector selector bar, c hai button bn cn lu l Attribute( ) v

Quick Help( ). Quick Help cho php bn tra cu mt cch nhanh chng cc i tng,

hm trong ti liu km theo ca Xcode. Attribute cho php bn thay i cc thuc tnh

ca i tng.

Trong Library selector bar, c mt sbutton quan trng l Code snippets( ),

Objects( ). Code snippets hin thcho bn danh sch cc on code mu bn lachn sdng trong qu trnh vit ng dng. Objects hin thcc i tng ca Xcode cho

bn sdng thit kgiao din ng dng.


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2.1.4 Thit KGiao Din

Giao din ng dng trong Xcode c thit kthng qua Interface Builder, cc i

tng ca Interface Builder c cung cp trong Utility area. tin hnh thit kgiao

din, bn ko thi tng trong Utility area vo Interface Builder.

Hnh 2.18 Ko thcc i tng vo giao dinTi y bn c thiu chnh, sp xp vtr ca cc i tng theo tng thit k

ca bn. Trong Xcode, tp tin bn dng thit kgiao din l tp tin .storyboard.

Khi ko thcc i tng vo Interface Builder, bn sddng xc nh vtr t

i tng sao cho giao din cn i, khng bhin tng lch khi Run ng dng. l

nhvo tnh nng htrcanh chnh ca Xcode thng qua cc ng kt nt mu

xanh.


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Hnh 2.19 Canh chnh vtr theo ng kxanh

Bn c thiu chnh cc thuc tnh ca cc i tng trong Interface Builder thngqua vng Inspector pane.


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Hnh 2.20 Thay i thuc tnh ca i tng

tm kim i tng mt cch nhanh chng, bn sdng cng ctm kim trong

Library pane.

Hnh 2.21 Tm kim trong Library


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Hn na, nu bn mun tm hiu r hn vi tng , xem v dcthminh

ha, bn c thsdng n bti liu htrca Xcode.

Hnh 2.22 Xem ti liu htrca i tng

2.1.5 Vit Code

Phn code ca ng dng thng c vit trong hai tp tin l .hv .m. Tp tin .h

thng c sdng kt ni v khai bo cc i tng ca Interface Builder trc khi

mun sdng cc i tng ny lp trnh. Ngoi ra tp tin .h cn dng khai bo cc

hm skin trc khi sdng trong tp tin .m. Tp tin .m dng trin khai cc hm skin m bn khai bo bn tp tin .h.


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Hnh 2.23 Hai tp tin sdng vit code cho ng dng

kt ni i tng trong Interface Builder vo tp tin .h (nh x), bn nhn kt

hp Ctrl + nhp chut vo i tngv ko thvo tp tin .h.

Hnh 2.24 nh xi tng vo tp tin .h


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Khi hp thoi hin ra, bn la chn loi kt ni cho i tng l Actionhoc

Outlet. Hiu mt cch n gin, i tng no m bn sdng hin ththng tin ra

bn ngoi th thuc loi Outlet. i tng no m bn mun vit code khi tng tc

vi i tng scho ra kt qum bn mun ( v dbn mun nhn vo Button s

hin Hello World) th bn schn loi l Action.Mt i tng c thva l Action,va l Outlet ty vo ngi vit ng dng quy nh.

Hnh 2.25 La chn kiu nh x

Khi bn vit code, Xcode htrbn trong vic pht hin li v thng bo cho bn

bng hnh trn mu cha du chm than ti vtr pht hin li. Ngoi ra Xcode cng

c chcnh bo bng tam gic mu vng cho on code m Xcode cho rng cn ci

thin bn kp thi kim tra li v chnh sa cho hiu qu( nu cn ).

Xcode cn htrbn mt chgi sa li trong qu trnh vit code. V dbnvit code nhng qun du ; , Xcode sgi cho bn c du ; hon tt on code

hon chnh.


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Hnh 2.26 Gi khc phc li

Xcode chhtrkhc phc mt sli c bn vc php, cc li lin quan khc trong qu

trnh vit code cc bn phi tgii quyt

Trong Library pane, Xcode htrsn cho bn mt son code mu trong th vin,

nu bn cn xi on code no, bn chcn ko thon code tLibrary pane sang

Editor area.

Hnh 2.27 Mt scode mu sdng


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Nu bn c mt on code, bn mun lu n li ln sau sdng th bn chcn chn

on code v ko thvo Library pane, t tn cho on code v lu li. Nh vy

ln sau bn mun sdng li, chvic ko thtLibrary sang l c.

thun tin cho vic vit code nhanh chng, bn c thbt chchia i vng

Editor area lm hai, lc ny bn c thxem cng lc ctp tin .h ln tp tin .m. Mun

thc hin iu , trong Toolbar, bn nhp chut vo nt Assistant Editor Button( ).

Hnh 2.28 Chia i mn hnh Editor tin lm vic

Bn c thty chnh li font v mu chto nn mt sthay i, to thm cm

hng mi. Bn chn Xcode> chn Preferences> chn Fonts & Colors, sau bn ty

chn mt nh dng mnh thch.


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Hnh 2.29 Ty chnh Font & Color cho giao din lp trnh code ca Xcode

Trong qu trnh vit chng trnh, bn cng c thsdng nt Quick Help trong

Utility area mti liu tham kho v tra cu cc hm cng nh xem v dminh hacho cc hm.

2.1.6 Thc Thi V Kim Tra Li Ca ng Dng

2.1.6.1 Thc Thi ng Dng

Khi bn mun chy thv a ng dng ln iOS Simulator, bn sdng cc button

chuyn dng trn Toolbar. chy ng dng, trc tin bn phi chn la thit bm bn

mun chy ng dng ln . Bn c thchn chy ln thit btht hoc trn iOS

Simulator. Trong iOS Simulator, ty theo ng dng ca bn vit cho thit bno m la

chn thit b, v diPad, iPhone, iPhone Rentina


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Hnh 2.30 La chn thit biOS Simulator

Sau khi chn la xong phn thit b, bn nhn Runchy chng trnh. Nu mun

dng chng trnh, bn nhn Stop.

Hnh 2.31 Nhn Stop dng chng trnh


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2.1.6.2 Kim Tra Li Ca ng Dng

Vng Debug area htrbn debug ng dng kim tra tng bc, ngoi ra cn c

vng Debug Navigator cho php bn theo di cc tin trnh, cng nh vic sdng RAM,

CPU.

Hnh 2.32 Vng Debug Navigator

Trong Debug area c cc nt htrnh bt tt cc Breakpoint, nhm nt htrthc

thi ng dng tng bc htrbn debug mt cch chnh xc hn.

Hnh 2.33 Vng Debug area

nh du breakpoint, bn chn v tr cn nh du, v nhp chut voBreakpoint gutter tng ng vi vtr .


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Hnh 2.34 nh du Breakpoint

Ngoi ra nu bn mun thu gn 1 on code no , bn c thsdng thanh ng

htrbn cnh thanh ng t Breakpoint.

Hnh 2.35 Thu gn on code cho dnhn


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2.2 TM HIU IOS SIMULATOR

2.2.1 Gii Thiu iOS Simulator

iOS Simulatorl mt phn trong bcng ckm theo ca phn mm Xcode. iOS

Simulator cha iOS SDKcho php bn chy trn Mac OS gilp mi trng iPhone,

iPad nhm phc vcho vic kim thng dng c vit ra trc khi kim thng dng

trn thit btht.

iOS Simualtorcho php bn ci t nhiu thit biOS khc nhau nh iPhone,

iPhone Rentina, iPad, iPad Rentina.. vi nhiu phin bn iOS khc nhau nh 6.0, 6.1,

7.0. Do bn c thddng xy dng ng dng ca mnh dnh cho phin bn iOS

mi hoc dng cho cphin bn iOS c.

Vi iOS Simulator, bn c thkim thng dng ca bn vthit kgiao din, v

tnh nng ca ng dng, t c thkhc phc cc li pht sinh, ti u ha ng dng

trc khi bn em ng dng ln thit btht.

Bn c thc thm ti liu iOS Simulator User Guide trn iOS Developer Library tm

hiu thm, cng nh c thm kinh nghim sdng iOS Simulator.

Xem ti :

https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/IDEs/Conceptual/iOS_Simulator_

Guide/Introduction/Introduction.html

2.2.2 Tm Hiu iOS Simulator

ng dng iOS Simulator c thchy chung vi phn mm Xcode hoc chy c lp

u c. Bn c thtng tc vi iOS Simulator thng qua bn phm, chut nhp d

liu cng nh iu khin cc skin ca ngi dng.

Phn ny sgip bn tm hiu mt sim c bn ca iOS Simulator htrbn

tt hn trong qu trnh vit ng dng cho iOS.
https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/IDEs/Conceptual/iOS_Simulator_Guide/Introduction/Introduction.htmlhttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/IDEs/Conceptual/iOS_Simulator_Guide/Introduction/Introduction.htmlhttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/IDEs/Conceptual/iOS_Simulator_Guide/Introduction/Introduction.htmlhttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/IDEs/Conceptual/iOS_Simulator_Guide/Introduction/Introduction.htmlhttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/IDEs/Conceptual/iOS_Simulator_Guide/Introduction/Introduction.html


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2.2.2.1 Thao Tc C Bn Vi IOS Simulator

Thao tc mv thot ios simulator

miOS Simulator bn c hai cch. Mt l bn chy ng dng trong Xcode

khi ng iOS Simulator. Vi cch ny bn chcn chn iOS Simulator ph hp ri

chn Run.

Hnh 2.36 Chn Run miOS Simulator

Cch thhai l bn chn menu Xcode> chn Open Develop Tool> iOS

Simulator. Khi y iOS Simulator sc khi ng.


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Hnh 2.37 MiOS Simulator trong Menu

Mc d l mt phn trong bcng cca Xcode, nhng iOS Simulator vn c th

tip tc hot ng d Xcode c bng chng trnh. Do nu bn mun thot hn iOS

Simulator, bn chn menu iOS Simulator > chn Quit iOS Simulator.

Hnh 2.38 Trong menu chn Quit iOS Simulator


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Xoay mn hnh iOS Simulator

Trong qu trnh chy ng dng trn iOS Simulator kim th, i lc bn cn s

dng ti chc nng xoay mn hnh c thkim tra tnh tng thch ca ng dng vi

tng kiu mn hnh ( ngang, ng) hoc ph hp vi ng dng ca bn ( chng hn

vit ng dng sdng mn hnh ngang). Nu l thit btht, tht ddng bn c th

xoay mn hnh cho ph hp. Tuy nhin vi iOS Simulator, bn cn phi sdng n chc

nng xoay mn hnh c htrsn c thxoay mn hnh theo mun.

Bn c thvo menu Hardware> chn Rotate Leftnu bn mun xoay qua tri ;

chn Rotate Rightnu bn mun xoay qua phi ; chn Shake Gesturenu bn mun

rung nh.

Hnh 2.39 Trong menu chn xoay mn hnh iOS Simulator

n/hin keyboard

Trong qu trnh kim thng dng, nhiu trng hp bn cn sdng n bn

phm ca iOS, hoc sau khi nhp liu xong trong TextField nhng ng dng ca bn cha

c chc nng n bn phm i, lc bn cn sdng n tnh nng Keyboard ca iOS

Simulator n/hin bn phm. Bn c thvo menu Hardware> chn Simulate

Hardware Keyboard.


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Hnh 2.40 n/Hin keyboard trong iOS Simulator

Ci t v gbng dng trn iOS Simulator

ng dng trong iOS Simulator c ci t thng qua Xcode. Khi bn chy ng

dng bng Xcode th Xcode sci t ng dng vo iOS Simulator. Cch thc gb

ng dng cng ging nh trn thit biOS tht. Bn chcn nhp v gichut ( hoc

trackpad ) trn biu tng ca ng dng cho n khi xut hin biu tng du x, bn chcn nhp vo du x gbng dng. Sau khi hon tt chcn n Home trli ban

u.


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Hnh 2.41 Gng dng trong iOS Simulator

Bsung thm cc phin bn ios v cc thit bios

iOS Simulator cho php bn c thchy ng dng trn nhiu loi thit bnh

iPhone, iPhone Rentina, iPad, iPad Rentina. ng thi, iOS Simulator cng cho php bn

sdng nhiu phin bn khc nhau ca iOS nh iOS 6.0, iOS 6.1, iOS 7.0.

Mc nh sau khi ci Xcode 5, iOS Simulator km theo c ci t htrcc

thit biPhone Rentina, iPad Rentina v iOS 7.0. Nu bn mun iOS Simulator chy cc

thit biPhone, iPad thng thng v cc phin bn iOS thp hn nh iOS 6.0, iOS 6.1

th bn cn phi ti v ci t thm. Bn vo Xcode> chn Preferences> chn mc

Download. Ti y bn la chn phin bn iOS cn ci t thm v ti v.


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Hnh 2.42 Ti thm cc iOS Simulator phin bn c hoc ti liu

Chp nh mn hnh iOS Simulator

Nu bn mun chp nh mn hnh ca iOS Simulator, bn c thlu li nh chp

mn hnh ca iOS Simulator ln mn hnh ca Mac OS. lm vic , bn chn File>chn Save Screen Shot, khi nh chp mn hnh sc lu trn mn hnh Mac OS.

Hnh 2.43 Chp nh mn hnh iOS Simulator


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Copy - Paste trong iOS Simulator

Trong iOS Simulator cng htrbn Copy v Paste mt chui.

Copy mt chui, bn nhp chut vo chuihin thra nt Selectv Select

All.Chn Select nu bn mun la chn mt tno , hoc Select All nu mun chntt c.

Hnh 2.44 Chn Select hoc Select All

Di chuyn im u v im cui nh du li chui cn chn > chn Copy


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Hnh 2.45 La chn chui cn copy v chn Copy

Paste mt chui vo iOS Simulator, trc tin bn chn Edit> Pastechuyn

chui c copy tMac vo iOS Simulator.

Hnh 2.46 Paste tMac OS vo iOS Simulator


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Sau chn vtr mun Pastechui trong iOS Simulator > Double-clickvo vtr

hin ra nt Paste > chn Paste.

Hnh 2.47 Chn Paste

2.2.2.2 Mt SHn ChCa iOS Simulator

Mc d iOS Simulator rt hu ch cho bn kim thng dng trc khi a ln thit

btht, tuy nhin bn thn iOS Simulator vn cn mt shn chnht nh. i vi phn

cng, iOS Simulator vn cn khim khuyt mt sim nh khng c camera, khng

c microphone Ngoi ra cn mt sframework khng c htrnh Media

player, Messenger UI Nu nh cc phin bn trc ca Xcode, iOS Simulator cn

htrc vi cc phin bn ca iOS thp hn nh iOS th trong phin bn ny, iOS

Simulator chhtrtphin bn iOS 6.0 trln.


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CHNG IIINGN NGOBJECTIVE-C

Mc d Xcode htrnhiu ngn ngtrong vic lp trnh ng dng trong iPhone, nhng

ng vai tr chyu nht vn l ngn ngObjective-C bi sthn thin, dsdng ca

n. Chng ny shng dn bn mt snt c bn ca ngn nglp trnh Objective-C

vi hi vng bn snm c s lc cch sdng, c php ca ngn ngny thun

tin hn trong vic xy dng ng dng. Ni dung chng strnh by s lc mt svn

sau ca ngn ngObjective-C:

Khai bo bin

Kiu dliu

Cc php ton

Hm (Function)

Cu trc iu kin

Cu trc lp

Mng

Chui


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3.1 GII THIU NGN NGOBJECTIVED-C

Ngn ngObjective-C c to ra bi Brad Cox v Tom Love vo nm 1980 ti

cng ty Stepstone. Tnm 1988, cng ty NeXT Sofware nm gibn quyn ca ngn

ngObjective-C. H pht trin cc bth vin v cmi trng pht trin cho n c

tn l NEXTSTEP.

n cui thng 12 nm 1996, hng Apple mua li cng ty NeXT Software, mi

trng NEXTSTEP/OPENSTEP trthnh phn ct li ca hiu hnh OS X m

Apple gii thiu sau ny. Phin bn chnh thc ca mi trng pht trin ny do Apple

gii thiu ban u c tn l Cocoa.

Bng vic htrsn ngn ngObjective-C, ng thi tch hp mt scng cpht

trin khc nh Project Builder (y l tin thn ca Xcode) v Interface Builder, Apple

to ra mt mi trng mnh mpht trin ng dng trn Mac OS X. n nm 2007,

Apple tung ra bn nng cp cho ngn ngObjective-C v gi l Objective-C 2.0.

Ngn nglp trnh Objective-C da trn nn tng ngn ngC nhng bsung thm

htrlp trnh hng i tng. Objective-C l ngn nglp trnh sdng vit ng

dng cho Apples iOS v hiu hnh Mac OS.

3.2 KHAI BO BIN - CCH SDNG

3.2.1 Bin

Bin c sdng lu trcc gi trca ng dng. Bin gm c: kiu dliu,

tn bin v gi trca bin. C php:

Kiu_d_liu tn_bin ;

hoc

Kiu_d_liu tn_bin = gi_tr_ca_bin;

Trong =: lnh gn gi trcho bin

VD: int x ; hoc int x = 10;


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3.2.2 Quy Tc t Tn

Quy tc t tn bin:

- Ngn ngObjective-C c phn bit hoa thng.

- Tn bin khng c du ting vit.

- Tn bin khng c khong trng.

- Tn bin khng c bt u bng s.

- Tn bin khng c c cc k tc bit (ngoi trdu gch di _)

- Tn bin khng c t trng vi cc tkho ca ngn ngobjective-C. VD:

void, if, static, ...

3.3 KIU DLIU

Kiu dliu sgip trnh bin dch xc nh c loi dliu (snguyn, sthc,

chui,) m chng ta mun lu trl g t scp pht lng bnhtng ng vi

loi dliu m chng ta cn lu tr. Objective-C htrcc kiu dliu c bn nh sau:

Loi dliu Tn kiu S nh Min gi tr

K t char 1 byte -128 .. 127

unsigned char 1 byte 0 .. 255

Snguyn int 4 bytes - 2147483648 .. 2147483647

unsigned int 4 bytes 0 .. 4294967295

short 2 bytes -32768 .. 32767

unsigned short 2 bytes 0 .. 65535

long 4 bytes -2147483648 .. 2147483647

unsigned long 4 bytes 0 .. 4294967295

long long 8 bytes -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 ..


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9,223,372,036,854,775,807

unsigned long long 8 bytes 0 .. 18,446,744,073,709,551,615

Sthc float 4 bytes 0 .. 3.4028235e+38

double 8 bytes 0 .. 1.7976931E+308

Long double 16 bytes 0 .. 1.1897315E+509

Logic BOOL 1 bytes 0, 1; True, False; Yes, No

Bng 3.1 Kiu dliu trong Objectived-C

3.4 PHP TON

Php ton K hiu V d

Cng + A + B

Tr - AB

Nhn * A * B

Chia / A / B

Ly phn d % M % N

Bng 3.2 Cc php ton trong Objectived-C

Lu : php ly phn d chc dng trn 2 ton hng kiu snguyn (nu khng

ssinh li c php)

V d: 9 % 5 = 4

3.5 CH THCH CODE

Ch thch mt dng code


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//ghi ch chtrn 1 dng

Ch thch mt on code

/*

Ghi ch trn 1

hay nhiu dng

*/

3.6 XUT DLIU RA MN HNH

Hm NSLog l hm c bit ca hthng, hm ny c thit kdng cho vic

hin thcc thng bo li.

C php:

NSLog(Ni dung in [ , cc_biu_thc]);

Ni dung in V d

Cc k tcn in LacHong University

Cc k tc bit bt u bi du \ \n : xung dng;

\t : k tTab;

\\ : k t\

\; : k t;

\ : du

Cc m nh dng gi trca biu thc %m_kiu_d_liu

(kiu float l f; kiu int l d hay i)

Bng 3.3 V dcc kiu xut dliu ra mn hnh

VD: Dng hm NSLog hin thchui LacHong University


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Hnh 3.1 Code sdng hm NSLog()

Kt quhin th:

Hnh 3.2 Kt quin ra mn hnh

Ghi ch: @: bn trong cp nhy i l chui cn lu log kim tra.

Hnh 3.3 Dng NSLog() xut ra mn hnh mt s.

Kt quhin th:

Hnh 3.4 Kt quxut ra chv s


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3.7 FUNCTION

3.7.1 nh Ngha

Function L tp hp cc dng code, gom thnh 1 khi. Khi code ny c t tn.+

Khi code ny chc thc thi khi tn khi code c gi.

3.7.2 Phng Thc Khng C Tham STruyn Vo

Khai bo:

- (kiu_hm) tn_hm

{

//cc cu lnh

[return [biu_thc];]

}

Trong :

- Du - i din cho loi phng thc m ta phi gi n thng qua i tng

ca lp cha ng phng thc .

- Kiu hm: l kiu ca trong lnh return.

- Tn hm: do chng ta tngh ra

VD:

Hnh 3.5 Hm HelloWorld

Gi hm:


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Hnh 3.6 Xut ra mn hnh HelloWorld

Trong self l lp hin ti c cha phng thc helloWorld.

3.7.3 Phng Thc C 1 Tham STruyn Vo

Khai bo:

- (kiu_hm) tn_hm : (kiu_d_liu)tn_tham_s

{

//cc cu lnh

[return [biu_thc];]

}

VD:

Hnh 3.7 Hm HelloWorld vi tham struyn vo

Gi hm:

Hnh 3.8 Gi hm HelloWorld

3.7.4 Phng Thc C Nhiu Tham STruyn Vo

Khai bo:


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- (kiu_hm) tn_hm : (kiu_d_liu)tham_s_1 [m_t]: (kiu_d_liu)tham_s_2

{

//cc cu lnh

[return [biu_thc];]

}

Trong

- du hai chm : c dng ngn cch gia cc tham_s.

- [m_t]: c thc hoc khng, dng m tcho tn tham s.

VD:

Hnh 3.9 Hm cng hai s

Trong

- a: l tham sth1.

- b: l tham sth2.

Gi hm:

Hnh 3.10 In kt quhm cng

Trong 1 v 2 l cc i sc truyn vo hm congHaiSo.


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3.8 CU TRC IU KIN

3.8.1 Cu Lnh If

C php

if ( iu_kin )

{

//Cng vic 1

}

Lu : iu kin l mt cu hi m cu trli l YES hoc NO, Cng vic 1 s

c thc hin nu iu kin l YES.

V d:

- if (a > b) a c ln hn b khng?

- if (a >= b) a c ln hn hoc bng b khng?

- if (a < b) a c nhhn b khng?

- if (a


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//Cng vic 2

}

3.8.3 Cu Lnh Switch - Case

C php

switch ( biu_thc)

{

case hng_1: [cng_vic_1]

case hng_2: [cng_vic_2]

...

case hng_n: [cng_vic_n]

default: [cng_vic_n+1]

}

Trong

- Biu thc v hng kiu snguyn

- Lnh break thot khi switch

VD:


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Hnh 3.11 Cu trc Switch

3.9 Cu Trc Lp

3.9.1 Vng Lp For

C php

for (biu_thc1; biu_thc2; biu_thc3)

{

//Cng vic}

VD:

Hnh 3.12 Vng lp For

3.9.2 Vng Lp While

C php:


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while (iu_kin_lp)

{

//Cng vic

}

Trong :

- Khi cn ng th cn thc hin . Vng lp kt

thc khi sai.

VD:

Hnh 3.13 Vng lp While

3.9.3 Vng Lp Do-While

C php:

do {

//Cng vic lp

} while(iu_kin_lp)

Trong :

- Thc hin cng vic t nht 1 ln, v lp li cng vic khi l

ng.

VD:


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Hnh 3.14 Vng lp Do - While

3.10 MNG

3.10.1 nh Ngha

Mng l 1 tp hp nhiu bin nhc cng kiu, gi l kiu phn tca mng, c

cp pht nhng vtr lin tc trong bnh.

Mi phn t(bin nh) trong mng c xc nh da trn tn mng v cc chs

xc nh vtr ca phn ttrong mng.

Chsphn tca mng l cc snguyn khng m.

3.10.2 Mng Nsarray

Sdng i tng NSArray khi to mng.

C php:

NSArray *tn_mng;

VD:

NSArray*mangTen;

khi to gi trcho cc phn ttrong mng ta sdng hm

VD:


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Hnh 3.15 Sdng NSArray

Trong

- hm : m sphn ttrong mng.

- alloc: cp pht vng nhcho mng mangTen.

- %@: M kiu dliu i vi kiu chui NSString trong Objective-C.

-

objectAtIndex: ly ra phn tvtr index.

Kt qu

Hnh 3.16 Kt qusdng NSArray

3.11 CHUII TNG NSSTRING

3.11.1 Khi To Chui

i vi chui trong Objective-C phi bt u bng @

Hnh 3.17 Khi to chui

kim tra gi trca chui ta dung hm NSLog


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Hnh 3.18 Kim tra gi trchui

m slng k t(chiu di ca chui)

Hnh 3.19 m slng k t

3.11.2 i Tng NSString

To i tng c kiu l NSString c thsdng cc thao tc lien quan n

chui do Class NSString cung cp (ghp chui, ct chui)

Hnh 3.20 i tng NSString

3.11.3 Tm Kim Bn Trong ChuiDng hm rangeOfString tm chui str1 c xut hin trong chui str2 khng.

Hnh 3.21 Tm kim bn trong chui


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Kt qu

Hnh 3.22 Kt qutm kim

3.11.4 Tm Chui V Thay N Thnh Chui Khc

Dng hm replaceCharactersInRange thay i chui thnh chui khc.

Hnh 3.23 Thay i k ttrong chui

Kt qu:

Hnh 3.24 Kt quthay i k t

3.11.5 Xo Ni Dung Bn Trong Chui

Dng hm deleteCharactersInRange xa mt ni dung bn trong chui.

Hnh 3.25 Xa ni dung trong mt chui

Kt qu


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Hnh 3.26 Kt qusau khi xa ni dung

3.11.6 Ct ChuiCt chui c gii hn slng k t, ly tk tthn.

Hnh 3.27 Ct chui tvtr n

Kt qu

Hnh 3.28 Kt quct chui tvtr n

Ly tt ck tcn li, tnh tk tthn.

Hnh 3.29 Ly cc k tcn li tvtr n

Kt qu

Hnh 3.30 Kt quly cc k tcn li tvtr n


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Tch chui thnh cc phn nh

Hnh 3.31 Tch chui thnh cc phn nh

Kt qu

Hnh 3.32 Kt qutch chui

3.11.7 Chn K TVo Trong Chui

Dng hm insertString chn k thoc mt chui vo chui.

Hnh 3.33 Chn k tvo chui

Kt qu

Hnh 3.34 Kt quchn k tvo chui

3.11.8 Chn K TVo Cui Chui

Dng hm appendString chn k tvo cui chui.


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Hnh 3.35 Chn k tvo cui chui

Kt qu

Hnh 3.36 Kt quchn k tvo cui chui

3.11.8 So Snh Chui

Dng hm isEqualToString so snh hai chui.

Hnh 3.37 So snh hai chui

Kt qu

Hnh 3.38 Kt quso snh hai chui

3.11.9 So Snh Chui Vi K Tu V Cui Chui

Dng hm hasPrefix v hasSuffix so snh vi k tu chui, k tcui chui.


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Hnh 3.39 So snh vi k tu, k tcui

Kt qu

Hnh 3.40 Kt quso snh vi k tu chui, k tcui chui

3.11.10 Chuyn i Hnh Dng Ca Ch

Vit hoa chu.

Hnh 3.41 Vit hoa k tu

Kt qu


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Hnh 3.42 Kt quvit hoa k tu

Tt cvit thng.

Hnh 3.43 Vit thng tt ck t

Kt qu

Hnh 3.44 Kt quvit thng cc k t

Tt cvit hoa.

Hnh 3.45 Vit hoa tt ck t

Kt qu

Hnh 3.46 Kt quvit hoa cc k t


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3.11.11 Chuyn Chui Thnh Dng S

Chuyn thnh snguyn

Hnh 3.47 Chuyn thnh snguyn

Kt qu

Hnh 3.48 Kt quchuyn thnh snguyn

Chuyn thnh NSInteger

Hnh 3.49 Chuyn thnh NSInteger

Kt qu

Hnh 3.50 Kt quchuyn thnh NSInteger

Chuyn thnh float


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Hnh 3.51 Chuyn thnh float

Kt qu

Hnh 3.52 Kt quchuyn thnh float

Chuyn thnh sdouble

Hnh 3.53 Chuyn thnh double

Kt qu

Hnh 3.54 Kt quchuyn thnh double


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CHNG IVMT STHAO TC C BN

Trc khi bt u lp trnh ng dng trn iPhone, ngoi vic bn tm hiu v

Xcode v iOS Simulator, bn cn phi tm hiu thm mt s thao tc c bn trong lp

trnh iOS. Hiu bit vcc thao tc c bn ny sbtrcho bn trong qu trnh tm hiu,

cng nh l bi hc v lng trc khi i su vo tm hiu cc i tng c bn trong

Xcode chng sau. Ni dung chng ny gm mt sthao tc c bn nh:

Thay i icon ca ng dng

Thay i mn hnh khi ng dng va c mln

Thay i tn ng dng khi tn c qu di

Ty chnh background Thm mi mt framework

n thanh trng thi status bar


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4.1 APP ICONLOADING SCREEN

Phn ny shng dn bn cch hin thcng nh to icon, background image,

loading screen cho ng dng ca bn. App icon, background image, loading screen cho

ng dng ca bn cn da theo kch thc quy nh ca Apple v nn nh dng PNG.

Bn c ththam kho thm kch thc chun y

https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/MobileHIG/IconM

atrix.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40006556-CH27-SW1.

4.1.1 App Icon

App icon l biu tng ca ng dng shin thra mn hnh iPhone sau khi ng

dng c ci t, ng thi icon ca ng dng cng hin thln App Store khi bn em

ng dng ca mnh ln App Store. C hai loi icon l icon dnh cho ng dng trn iPhonev icon dnh cho ng dng trn App Store. App icon cho iPhone Rentina l 120x120,

App icon cho App Store l 1024x1024.

Hnh 4.1 Icon

Sau khi chun bc hnh nh vi kch thc ph hp, trong phn thng tin ca

Project, bn ko xung phn App iconv ko cc icon chun bsn vo ng vtr ca

icon.
https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/MobileHIG/IconMatrix.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40006556-CH27-SW1https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/MobileHIG/IconMatrix.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40006556-CH27-SW1https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/MobileHIG/IconMatrix.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40006556-CH27-SW1https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/MobileHIG/IconMatrix.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40006556-CH27-SW1https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/MobileHIG/IconMatrix.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40006556-CH27-SW1


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Hnh 4.2 Ko thicon vo vtr

Bn tin hnh chy thng dng trn iOS Simulator sthy icon ca ng dng.

Hnh 4.3 Icon trn iOS simulator


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4.1.2 Loading Screen

Loading Screen l hnh nh m khi chy ng dng ln bn sthy n, ty theo tc

ca ng dng m thi gian hin thLoading Screen nhanh hoc chm khc nhau.

chun bcho Loading Screen bn cn chun btrc hnh nh dng PNG, kch thc

640x1136 (iPhone 5 trln), 640x960 (iPhone 4).

Hnh 4.4 Chun bBackground

Sau khi chun bxong hnh nh, trong phn Lauch Image, bn ko thhnh nh vo

Xcode cho ng vtr.

Hnh 4.5 Ko thbackground image vo Lauch Image


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4.2 THAY I APP NAME

App Name l tn ca ng dng hin thbn di App icon trn mn hnh iPhone.

Nhiu trng hp v tn ng dng qu di nn khng thhin thht trn mn hnh

iPhone, do bn cn phi i tn ng dng li cho ph hp, ngn gn c thhin

c tn ng dng bn di icon, nh vy ng dng sc tnh thm mhn. khcphc trng hp ny, bn cn phi thay i li App Name. Bn truy cp tp tin .plist v

sa i Bundle Display Name thnh tn mi ca ng dng.

Hnh 4.6 Truy cp tp tin .plist


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Hnh 4.7 Sa i Bundle display name

Sau khi hon tt, bn chy ng dng trn iOS Simulator xem kt qu.

Hnh 4.8 Thay i tn trn iOS Simulator


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4.3 N STATUS BAR

Vic n status bar cho php bn chy ng dng ca mnh ton mn hnh m khng

phi thu nhmt phn giao din dnh chcho status bar. Trc tin bn chn tp tin

.plist trong project, sau bn thm mt dng mi.

Hnh 4.9 Thm dng mi

Trong danh sch la chn ca dng mi thm vo, bn la chn Status bar is

initially hidden v trvgi trl yes.

Hnh 4.10 Chn gi trYes


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Chy ng dng trn iOS Simulator xem kt qu.

Hnh 4.11 Thanh trng thi Status bar mt

4.4 BACKGROUND

4.4.1 Background Image

Hng dn ny shng dn bn to v sdng mt hnh nh lm hnh nn cho

ng dng ca bn. Trc tin bn cn phi chun bmt tm nh lm hnh nn. Kch

thc ca tm nh ny ging nh hnh nh trong Loading Screen: nh dng PNG, kch

thc 640x1136 (iPhone 5 trln), 640x960 (iPhone 4).


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Hnh 4.12 Background Image

Sau khi chun bxong hnh nh lm background cho ng dng, bn chp hnhnh vo trong project.

Hnh 4.13 Chp hnh nh vo Project


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Tip theo bn tUtility area, bn ko thi tng UIImage View vo Interface

Builder, iu chnh kch thc UIImage View cho va vi mn hnh.

Hnh 4.14 Ko thUIImage View vo Project

Trong Inspector selector pane> Attributes inspector, bn tm n mc ImageView > chn Image > la chn hnh nh bn mun lm background.


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Hnh 4.15 La chn hnh nh lm background

Kt qu.

Hnh 4.16 Thay i background bng image


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4.4.2 Background Color

Ngoi vic sdng hnh nh lm background cho ng dng, nu bn yu thch s

n gin, bn c thto background bng cch dng mt mu m bn a thch. Trong

Inspector selector pane, bn chn Attributes inspector, tm n phn Background.

Hnh 4.17 Attributes inspector

Ti y bn cho hin ra bng mu chn la vi nhiu mu khc nhau, hy la

chn cho mnh mt mu ph hp, nu mun nhiu mu hn c thchn Other.

Hnh 4.18 Chn mu


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Sau khi chn xong mu th background si mu vi mu bn la chn.

Hnh 4.19 Background thay i

4.5 THM FRAMEWORK

Mc d Xcode htrnhiu Framework htrcho cc nh pht trin ng dng, tuynhin chmt sframework c bn c thm vo khi to project, cc framework cn li

th khi vit ng dng, bn phi tthm vo c thsdng framework . tin hnh

thm mt framework, trong giao din Generalca Project, bn ko xung ti mc Link

Frameworks and Libraries.

Hnh 4.20 Link Frameworks and Libraries


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Bn nhp chut vo biu tng du cng mra bng danh mc cc framework

m Xcode htr.

Hnh 4.21 Chn Framework

Sau bn la chn framework m bn mun thm vo project ri nhn Add.

Hnh 4.22 chn Add


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CHNG VMT SI TNG C BN

Chng ny trnh by mt si tng c bn thng c sdng vit ng

dng cho iOS. Qua chng ny, bn c thnm c chc nng cng nh cch sdng

mt s i tng c bn, t c th vn dng vo vit ng dng. Do kh nng ca

ngi vit cn gii hn nn si tng c gii thiu trong chng ny vn cn hn

ch. Bn c th tm hiu thm nhiu i tng khc, tm hiu su hn tng i tng

bng cch truy cp vo hng dn ca Apple cho ngi lp trnh a chsau:

https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/UIKit

UICatalog/index.html
https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/UIKitUICatalog/index.htmlhttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/UIKitUICatalog/index.htmlhttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/UIKitUICatalog/index.htmlhttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/UIKitUICatalog/index.htmlhttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/UIKitUICatalog/index.html


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5.1 I TNG LABELBUTTONTEXT FIELD

5.1.1 Gii Thiu

5.1.1.1 i Tng Label

Label dng hin thmt ni dung l ch/cu/on vn c tnh cnh t thay i.

Hnh 5.1 Label

Label cho php ngi dng thay i mt sthuc tnh hin thni dung ra giao

din cho ph hp nh ty chnh mu ch, font v kch thc, canh tri/gia/phi hay cho

ni dung ca label xung dng.

Hnh 5.2 Thuc tnh ca Label


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5.1.1.2 i Tng Button

Button c thc thit khin thchhoc hin ththeo hnh nh, thng c s

dng ngi dng tng tc vi ng dng nhm to ra mt skin no ca ng

dng. Chng hn bn nhp tn ca bn vo text field, bn mun khi ngi dng chm vo

button shin tn bn ra mn hnh.Lc ny button sc thit knm bt skin khingi dng chm vo, v thc hin chc nng hin thtn bn ra mn hnh.

Hnh 5.3 Button

Vi button, bn c thla chn mt snh dng button c sn, hoc ty chn mt

dng button khc theo bn. Khng nhng thbn cn c thty chnh font ch, mu

ch, mu nn ca button hoc thay thbutton theo mhnh nh button c thit k

trc.


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Hnh 5.4 Thuc tnh ca Button

5.1.1.3 i Tng Text Field

i tng Text field thng c sdng ngi dng nhp dliu u vo cho

ng dng. Chng hn nh bn vit chng trnh tnh tng hai s, th bn sdng Textfield ngi dng nhp vo hai scn tnh tng, v bn ssdng gi trnhp vo ca

Text field tnh ton v hin thkt qucho ngi dng.

Hnh 5.5 Text Field

Text field cho php ty chnh canh ltri/gia/phi, ty chnh font chv kch

thc chtrong Text field. Hn na, bn c thty chnh hnh dng ca Text field, cng

nh nh dng ni dung gi cho ngi dng (placeholder).


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Hnh 5.6 Thuc tnh ca Text Field

5.1.2 V D

Trong phn v dny shng dn cc bn vit mt ng dng nhhin thtn

ca bn ra mn hnh. ng dng sc mt label, mt button, mt text field. Bn snhp

tn bn vo text field, sau chm vo button, label shin thni dung m bn nhp

vo text field trc .

- To ng dng c tn l Label-Button-TextField.

- Thit kgiao din cho ng dng gm mt lable, mt button, mt text field.

- nh xcc i tng vo tp tin .h.

- Vit code cho skin khi ngi dng chm vo button.

Bc 1: To project mi.


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Hnh 5.7 To New Project

Hnh 5.8 Chn ni lu project


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Bc 2: thit kgiao din

Hnh 5.9 thit kgiao din

Bc 3: nh xi tng.

Hnh 5.10 nh xi tng


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Hnh 5.11 nh xi tng (tt)

Bc 4: vit code cho button.

Hnh 5.12 vit code cho button

Bc 5: chy th


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Hnh 5.13 chy thng dng

5.2 KT NI C SDLIU VI SQLITE

5.2.1 Gii Thiu

SQLite l mt hqun trc sdliu c thchy hon ton c lp m khng cn

n server. SQLite thng c ngi lp trnh sdng lu trc sdliu khi vit

ng dng cho cc thit bca Apple. Cc lnh truy vn trn SQLite sdng cc lnh truy

vn ca SQL (v dSELECT, UPDATE, CREATE). Vic qun l SQLite rt n gin,

bn chcn qun l thng qua mt plugin ca FireFox l SQLite Manager.Bn c thtm

hiu thm tihttp://www.sqlite.org.

5.2.2 Ci t Sqlite Manager Cho Firefox

ci t plugin qun l SQLite cho Firefox, bn vo phn Addon ca trnh duyt

Firefox v tm plugin SQLite Manager ri Add to Firefox.
http://www.sqlite.org/http://www.sqlite.org/http://www.sqlite.org/http://www.sqlite.org/


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Hnh 5.14 Addon SQLite

Sau khi ci t xong, trong phn Tool bn sthy nh hnh.

Hnh 5.15 SQLite Manager trong Tool

5.2.3 Cu Hnh ng Dng Tng Tc Vi Sqlite

ng dng c ththao tc vi c sdliu ca SQLite, bn cn bsung thm th

vin htrvo project. Trong phn Build Phase, mc Link to Library, bn thm vo th

vin libsqlite3.dylib vo project.

Hnh 5.16 Thm framework htrSQLite


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5.2.4 Cc Hm Trong Sqlite

Trong SQLite c mt shm c bn cho php bn tng tc ddng vi c sd

liu.

- sqlite3_open(): mmt kt ni n tp tin sqlite. Nu tp tin ny chac, h

thng stng to ra.

- sqlite3_close(): ng kt ni n sqlite.

- sqlite3_prepare_v2(): khi to cu lnh truy vn SQL thc thi.

- sqlite3_step(): thc thi lnh truy vn c to bi hm sqlite3_prepare_v2().

- sqlite3_column_(): trvkt qudliu tcu truy vn SQL, vi kiu

dliu c khai bo trong (thng l text, bytes, int, int16).

- sqlite3_finallize(): xo cu lnh truy vn SQL c khi to bi hm

sqlite3_prepare_v2() trong bnh.

Bn c ththam kho thm mt shm khc ti:www.sqlite.org/c3ref/funclist.html

5.2.4.1 Khi To i Tng Sqlite

Trc khi tng tc vi c sdliu SQLite, bn cn phi to i tng dng ny

bng cch khai bo mt bin c kiu sqlite3 trong tp tin .h.

Hnh 5.17 Khai bo sqlite3

5.2.4.2 Kt Ni Hoc To Database

Dng hm sqlite3_open() mkt ni n c sdliu sqlite.

Hnh 5.18 Hm sqlite3_open

Nu tp tin ny cha c th stng c to.
http://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/funclist.htmlhttp://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/funclist.htmlhttp://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/funclist.htmlhttp://www.sqlite.org/c3ref/funclist.html


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Filename: l ng dn n tp tin sqlite. Nu tn database c du ting vit th cn

chun ho li theo dng UTF-8 trc khi truyn vo.

Sdng bin SQLITE_OK kim tra trng thi trvca vic mkt ni n

database c thnh cng hay khng.

5.2.4.3 Khi To V Thc Thi Lnh Truy Vn

Cu lnh truy vn c khi to v lu trvo i tng sqlite_stmt() v truyn vo

hm sqlite_prepare_v2() thc thi.

Hnh 5.19 khai bo i tng sqlite_stmt

Hnh 5.20 Thc thi i tng sqlite_stmt trong sqlite3_prepare_v2

Cu lnh SQL c thc hin bi cc lnh sau:

Hnh 5.21Thc hin cu lnh SQL ly kt qutrv


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Trong cu lnh sqlite3_step() strvcc dng nh sau:

- Nu cu lnh sql dng INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE, CREATE th trv

kt quc dng l SQLITE_OK bo tnh trng c thc thi c hay khng.

- Nu cu lnh slq dng SELECT strvkt quc dng l SQLITE_ROW, l

tp hp cc hng dliu c ly tdatabase.

5.2.4.4 Truy Xut DLiu Database

Khi to cu lnh truy vn.

Hnh 5.22 Khi to cu lnh truy vn

Bc tch dliu ly c.

Hnh 5.23 Tch dliu ly c

5.2.4.5 ng Kt Ni Database

Sau khi hon tt qu trnh tng tc c sdliu, bn nn ng li kt ni c sd

liu c

Hnh 5.24 ng kt ni c sdliu


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5.2.5 V D

Bc 1: khi ng firefox, vo SQLite Manager

Hnh 5.25 Truy cp SQLite Manager

Bc 2: to mt c sdliu mi tn l Count.

Hnh 5.26 To CSDL mi

Bc 3: To mt table mi


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Hnh 5.27 To table

Hnh 5.28 Khai bo thuc tnh cho Table

Bc 4: nhp dliu


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Hnh 5.29 Nhp dliu

Hnh 5.30 Kt qu

Bc 5: to project mi sqlite


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Hnh 5.31 To Project mi

Hnh 5.32 in thng tin Project

Bc 6: thit kgiao din


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Hnh 5.33 Thit kgiao din

Bc 7: thm th vin vo project.

Hnh 5.34 Thm th vin


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Hnh 5.35 Sau khi thm th vin

Bc 8: nh xi tng

Hnh 5.36 nh xi tng

Bc 9: Thm tp tin sqlite vo project


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Hnh 5.37 Thm file mi

Hnh 5.38 Add

Bc 10: thm th vin sqlite3.h vo project, khai bo i tng sqlite3 v nsstring


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Hnh 5.39 Kt qunh x

Bc 11: vit code trong hm View Didload ly ng dn ti tp tin sqlite.

Hnh 5.40 Vit code View Didload

Bc 12: vit code cho skin Click

Khai bo i tng lu ng dn database.


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Hnh 5.41 Khai bo i tng lu ng dn

Hnh 5.42 Lu ng dn vo i tng

Khai bo i tng statment

Hnh 5.43 Khai bo i tng sqlite3_stmt

Vit lnh truy xut dliu

Hnh 5.44 Lnh truy xut dliu

Khai bo i tng lu trcu truy vn

Hnh 5.45 Khai bo i tng lu cu truy vn


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Vit code truy vn

Hnh 5.46 Vit code truy vn dliu

Kt qu.


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Hnh 5.47 Kt qu

5.3 SDNG CAMERA IPHONE

5.3.1 Gii Thiu

Phn ny shng dn cc bn cch sdng th vin htrca iOS dng

camera iPhone chp nh. Th vin iOS cung cp mt lp l UIImagePickController dngqun l vic tng tc vi camera hoc photo library. Tuy nhin

UIImagePickController khng thsdng trc tip m cn ti mt i tng khc

delegate (tha k) li n. Sau y chng ta sxy dng mt ng dng n gin dng

camera chp nh. Giao din ca ng dng ny gm mt UIImageView hin thhnh

nh, mt button tn l Chp nh.

5.3.2 V DTo ng dng mi t tn l CameraApp.


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Hnh 5.48 To project mi

Hnh 5.49 Chn ni luproject

Thit kgiao din ng dng.


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nh xcc i tng vo tp tin ViewController.h.

\

Hnh 5.51 nh xi tng


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Hnh 5.52 Kt qu

Trong ViewController, thm on code sau tha kli UIImagePickController.

Hnh 5.53 Tha kUIImagePickController

Vit code cho button Chp nh.

Hnh 5.54 Vit code cho button Chp nh

Vit code hai phng thc ca UIImagePickController.


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Hnh 5.55 Vit code cho hai phng thc ca UIImagePickController

Vit code cho ViewDidload.

Hnh 5.56 Vit code cho hm ViewDidload

Chy ng dng ln thit btht kim tra kt qu.

5.4 UIIMAGE

5.4.1 Gii Thiu

UIImagedng hin thhnh nh, c thsdng cc hiu ng animation hin

thhnh nh.

.

Hnh 5.57 i tng UIImage


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Hnh 5.58 UIImage khi ko ra thit kgiao din

5.4.2 Cc nh Dng nh HTrTrn Iphone

Cc dng file nh c htrtt trn iPhone:

5.4.3 V D

Hin thnh tmt file c sn trn my.

Bc 1: Add UIImageViewvo StoryBoard.

Chn Main.storyboard

Hnh 5.59 Chn storyboard

Tn nh dng Tn file mrngTagged Image File Format (TIFF) .tiff, .tifJoin Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) .jpg, .jpegGraphic Interchange Format (GIF) .gifPortable Network Graphic (PNG) .pngWindows Bitmap Format (DIB) .bmp, .bmpfWindows Icon Format .icoWindows Cursor .curXwindow bitmap .xbm


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Ko thUIImage thp thoi Accessibility vo Storyboard.

Hnh 5.60 i tng UIImage View

Hnh 5.61 Kt qusau khi ko vo storyboard

Bc 2: nh xUIImageViewvo file NATViewController.h dng outlet vitn imgHinhAnh.


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Hnh 5.62 Kt qusau khi nh x

Bc 3: Add file hnh vo project ang lm.

Click phi chut vo projectchn Add Files to...

Hnh 5.63 Thm file vo project


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Hnh 5.64 Chn file cn thm vo

Bc 4: Load file hnh vo UIImage.

Cch 1: Chn hnh thp thoi Image View.

Hnh 5.65 Cch chn tImage View

Hnh 5.66 Kt qusau khi chn

Cch 2: Gi phng thc sau load file hnh vo UIImageView.

Hnh 5.67 Cch sdng codeMfile NATViewController.m, ti phng thc viewDidLoad.


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Hnh 5.68 Chn NATViewController

Hnh 5.69 Vit code hin thhnh nh

Kt qu.

Hnh 5.70 Kt qu

Lu : phng thc viewDidLoad sc gi mi khi chng ta mng dng.


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Cch 3: Ko thtrc tip i tng Image vo StoryBoard:

Hnh 5.71 Ko thImage vo Storyboard

Hnh 5.72 Kt quHin thnh tmt URL:

Sdng phng thc initWithData load ni dung turl.

Hnh 5.73 Code load ni dung turl

Mfile NATViewController.m, ti phng thc viewDidLoad.


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Hnh 5.74 Mfile NATViewController.m

Hnh 5.75 Vit code cho hm ViewDidload

Kt qu.

Hnh 5.76 Kt qu


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5.5 UIALERT VIEW

5.5.1 Gii Thiu

UIAlertViewl i tng c sdng hin thni dung thng bo cho ngidng, hoc ngi dng nhp liu.

Hnh 5.77 UIAlertView

Hnh 5.78 UIAlertView cho php nhp liu

5.5.2 c im

Khi to i tng UIAlertView

initWithTitle: message: delegate: cancelButtonTitle: otherButtonTitles

Cc thuc tnh ca UIAlertView

Thuc tnh Din giititle Tiu ca Alert View.message Ni dung thng boelegate i tng nhn gi trtUIAlertView.alertViewStyle Kiu ca 1 Alert View khi hin thtrn ng dngnumberOfButtons Trvslng buttons c trn Alert ViewcancelButtonIndex Vtr index ca button Cancel trn UIAlertViewfirstOtherButtonIndex Gi trca nt u tin trong UIAlertView, mc

nh l 0.


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Cc phng thc ca UIAlertView

Phng thc Din giiaddButtonWithTile Gn tiu cho Alert View

buttonTitleAtIndex Ly tiu ca button ti vtr indextextFieldAtIndex Ly ni dung ca textField ti vtr index

show Gi 1 Alert ViewdismissWithClickedButtonIndex Hu1 UIAlertView

5.5.3 V D

Hin thAlerView dng thng bo.

Hnh 5.79 Hin thdng thng bo

Bc 1: Ti phng thc viewDidLoad khi to i tng AlertView nh sau:

thongBao= [[UIAlertViewalloc]

initWithTitle:@"Lac Hong University"message:@"Webcome to Lac Hong University"

delegate:self

cancelButtonTitle:@"Ok"

otherButtonTitles:nil, nil];

Bc 2: Hin thAlertView bng phng thc show

Thm on code sau vo cui phng thc viewDidLoad:

[thongBao show];

Bc 3: Cmd + Rchy th, kt qu:


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Hnh 5.80 Kt quhin th

Hin thAlerView dng Text Field

Hnh 5.81 Hin thdng Text Field

Bc 1: Khai bo AlertView

Ti viewDidLoad khai bo AlertView nh sau:

Hnh 5.82 Khai bo AlertView

Bc 2: Thit lp thuc tnh alertViewStyle cho AlertView l kiu Text.


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Hnh 5.83 Thit lp thuc tnh

Bc 3: Thit lp thuc tnh cho Text .

Hnh 5.84 Thit lp thuc tnh

Bc 4: Hin thAlertView.

Hnh 5.85 Hin thAlertView

Bc 5: Cmd + Rchy th, kt qu:

Hnh 5.86 Hin thkt qu

5.6 UISLIDER

5.6.1 Gii Thiu

UISlider l mt i tng cho php ngi dng thay i gi trbng cch di chuynthanh trt.


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Hnh 5.87 UISLIDER

5.6.2 c imLy gi trtSlider:

Cch 1: dng property value

value property

Cch 2: dng phng thc setValue

setValue:animated:

Thit lp gi trnhnht v ln nht cho Slider:

- Thit lp gi trnhnht:minimumValue- Thit lp gi trln nht:maximumValue

5.6.3 V D

Bc 1: Thit kgiao din nh sau.

https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/uikit/reference/UISlider_Class/Reference/Reference.html#//apple_ref/occ/instp/UISlider/minimumValuehttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/uikit/reference/UISlider_Class/Reference/Reference.html#//apple_ref/occ/instp/UISlider/minimumValuehttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/uikit/reference/UISlider_Class/Reference/Reference.html#//apple_ref/occ/instp/UISlider/minimumValuehttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/uikit/reference/UISlider_Class/Reference/Reference.html#//apple_ref/occ/instp/UISlider/maximumValuehttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/uikit/reference/UISlider_Class/Reference/Reference.html#//apple_ref/occ/instp/UISlider/maximumValuehttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/uikit/reference/UISlider_Class/Reference/Reference.html#//apple_ref/occ/instp/UISlider/maximumValuehttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/uikit/reference/UISlider_Class/Reference/Reference.html#//apple_ref/occ/instp/UISlider/maximumValuehttps://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/uikit/reference/UISlider_Class/Reference/Reference.html#//apple_ref/occ/instp/UISlider/minimumValue


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Bc 2: Map cc i tng nh sau:

Hnh 5.89 nh xcc i tng

Kt qusau khi Map

Hnh 5.90 Kt qusau khi nh x

Bc 3: Thit lp gi trnhnht v ln nht cho Slider trong khong 550.

MViewController.mthm on code sau vo cui phng thcviewDidLoad.


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Hnh 5.91 Thit lp gi tr

Thit lp gi trchn mc nh l 30thm on code sau vo cui phng

thc viewDidLoad.

Hnh 5.92 Thm code vo cui viewDidload

Bc 4: Gn kt quca Slider vo lblGiaTriSlider khi ngi dng thay ithanh trt.

Thm on code sau vo phng

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