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B QUC PHNG TP ON VIN THNG QUN I

HNG DN S DNG MY O V MY HN QUANG

TRONG NG CU THNG TIN CP QUANG (Dnh cho nhn vin k thut)

LU HNH NI B

H NI, 11- 2010

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MC LC

LI NI U ............................................................................................................... 1 CHNG 1. MY O OTDR AQ7260 .................................................................... 2 1. Gii thiu my o OTDR AQ7260................................................................................................... 2

1.1. c tnh k thut my o. .................................................................................... 2 1.2. Cc giao din trn mt my .................................................................................. 3 1.3. Cc phm iu khin ............................................................................................. 3 1.4. Mn hnh kt qu hin th .................................................................................... 4

2. Vn hnh khai thc my o OTDR AQ7260 ............................................................................. 6 2.1. Lu o kim si quang .................................................................................... 6 2.2. Chi tit cc bc thc hin o kim s dng my o OTDR AQ7260 ............... 6 2.3. Bi o c th ....................................................................................................... 12

3. Mt s lu khi s dng my o OTDR AQ7260 ............................................................... 13 CHNG 2. MY HN QUANG FSM-40S ........................................................... 15 1. Tng quan my hn FSM-40S: ........................................................................................................ 15

1.1. Gii thiu tng quan my hn FSM-40S: .......................................................... 15 1.2. Cu to, chc nng ca my hn FSM-40S: ...................................................... 18

2. Vn hnh khai thc my hn quang FSM-40S: .................................................................... 25 2.1. Lu cc bc vn hnh FSM-40S thc hin hn si quang: ........................ 25 2.2. Chi tit cc bc vn hnh my hn FSM-40S: ................................................ 26

3. Mt s lu khi s dng my hn quang FSM-40S .......................................................... 36

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LI NI U X hi cng pht trin, vn minh hin i bao nhiu th nhu cu thng tin nhanh v chnh xc ngy cng nhiu by nhiu. Khng nm ngoi quy lut , ti Tp on Viettel, h thng truyn dn thng tin quang tc cao c trin khai rng khp trn c nc v mt s cc quc gia khc. m bo thng tin lin lc lin tc khng b gin on, cng nh nhu cu lp t mi pht trin h tng mng th vic s dng thnh tho cc cng c, my hn v my o quang ng vai tr rt quan trng. Hin nay, ti Tp on ang s dng nhiu loi my o v hn quang. Nhng trong khun kh ti liu ny, chng ti s gii thiu hai loi my c s dng ph bin ti Tp on, l: My o quang OTDR AQ7260 v my hn quang Fujikura FSM 40s. Ti liu gm hai chng sau: Chng 1: My o OTDR AQ7260 Trong chng 1 ti liu s gii thiu cho ngi c mt ci nhn tng qut v my o quang OTDR AQ7260 nh: Cc tham s, cc giao din cng nh cc phm iu khin. Thm na, chng 1 cng cho bn c bit c cch vn hnh my o, v d c th v mt vi ch cn thit khi vn hnh ta trnh c nhng li khng ng c. Chng 2: My hn quang FSM-40S Cng tng t nh chng 1, chng 2 cho bn c bit c cu to chi tit ca my hn FSM-40 ca hng Fujikura. Ngoi ra, ti liu cn cp chi tit ti cc bc vn hnh my trong thc t hn ni si quang v mt vi kinh nghim cng nh ch khi vn hnh my.

Hy vng ti liu ny s gip ngi c (c bit l cng nhn k thut i) tip cn d dng hn, hiu r hn v my o v my hn quang c th ng cu thng tin cng nh lp t, kim tra tuyn nhanh hn, chnh xc hn. Mi kin ng gp xin gi v: Ban K thut - Phng Bin son Ti liu - Trung tm o to Viettel M1 - An Khnh - Hoi c - H Ni Tel: 04 6265 0329 Fax: 04 6265 0174 Emai: bienpt@viettel.com.vn

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CHNG 1. MY O OTDR AQ7260 1. Gii thiu my o OTDR AQ7260. 1.1. c tnh k thut my o. Thn my o AQ7260

Mn hnh 8,4 inch TFT mu

Trc ngang

Di o 25m, 50m, 100m, 250m, 500m, 1km, 2km, 2,5km, 5km, 10km, 20km, 40km, 80km, 160km, 240km, 320km, 640km (Tu thuc vo n v quang)

phn gii Nh nht 1cm S im ly mu Ti a 60.000 im Ch s khc x nhm (chit sut si) C th t t 1,00000 n 1,99999 (bc 0.00001)

o khong cch Hin th khong cch gia hai im c chn bt k

Trc ng

Thang chia 0,2 dB, 0,5dB, 1dB, 2dB, 5dB, 7,5dB trn 1 chia Dch chuyn 0 n 68dB phn gii thc Nh nht 0,001dB

o suy hao Hin th suy hao mt chiu, suy hao trn n v o, suy hao ti s kin (mi hn, coupler, ..), suy hao gia hai im c chn bt k.

Chc nng o suy hao phn xC th o suy hao phn x ti cc mi ni c kh C th o tng suy hao phn x ca mt si quang hay gia hai im c chn bt k

B nh B nh trong 20MB PCMCIA Th nh dng lu tr kt qu

Giao din

USB 2 cng chun USB 1.1, dng cho th nh, bn phm, chutMy in/ a mm Gn trc tip vo ng sau (khng cn cp ni)

Yu cu ngun

AC adapter AC 100 n 240 V ti a 60 W (khi s dng my in trong qu trnh np pin)

Pin

Li-ion, thi gian khong 6 gi (Trong trng hp o 30giy/3pht trong ch tit kim ngun v khng s dng thit b cm thm). Thi gian np

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Modul OTDR AQ7261 Modul OTDR AQ7264 Modul OTDR AQ7265

Cc modul OTDR trn khc nhau ch yu v chnh xc v tham s di ng. Tham s di ng ca module OTDR quyt nh kh nng o khong cch ca my o. Di ng cng ln th khong cch o kim tuyn cp si quang cng xa. 1.2. Cc giao din trn mt my

Hnh 1- 1: Cc giao din ca my o AQ7260

1.3. Cc phm iu khin

Hnh 1- 2: Cc phm iu khin

S Tn M t

1 Mn hnh Mn hnh mu TFT 8.4-inch (640x480). Hin th iu kin o, th v gi tr kt qu o, iu kin o v chc nng

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S Tn M t hin thi ca cc phm chc nng.

2 Phm MODE Dng chuyn gia cc ch hot ng 3 Nm quay Dng di chuyn con tr hay tng gim cc gi tr. 4 Phm SCALE Dng tng/gim kch c th, di chuyn th. 5 Phm ENTER Dng xc nhn cc thao tc

6 Phm mi tn Dng di chuyn th, tng/gim kch c th hoc thay i gi tr. 7 Phm REAL TIME Tt/m o theo thi gian thc (o lin tc) 8 Phm AVERAGA Tt/ m o trung bnh 9 Phm PRINT In thng tin hin th trn mn hnh 10 Phm FILE S dng trong thao tc tp tin (file) 11 Phm ESC Dng bi b thao tc hay tr li mn hnh trc 12 Cc phm chc nng Thc thi chc nng c gn hin thi cho mi phm 13 Tai gn dy eo Dng gn dy eo

14 n np pin

Sng khi ang np pin. Khi pin c np y, n s tt n nhp nhy khi pin khng c np hoc ang trong tnh trng nguy kch

15 n bo ngun Sng khi thit b ang c bt ngun, n ny chuyn t xanh lc sang khi pin yu. Bng 1- 2: Gii thch cc phm iu khin trn thn my o AQ7260 1.4. Mn hnh kt qu hin th

Hnh 1- 3: Mn hnh hin th

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S Tn M t 1 MODE Cc ch cng tc, bt sng ti ch cng tc hin ti.

2 Hin th mc khi u Hin th mc khi u trc ng trn phn hin th th

3 chia trc ng Hin th gi tr ca mi li dc theo trc ng 4 Cc iu kin o Hin th cc iu kin o

5 Hin th khong cch bt u Hin th khong cch bt u c hin th trn trc ngang (pha tri ca phn hin th)

6 Khong cch con tr Hin th khong cch t im bt u n v tr con tr 7 Ch dn Hin th outline ca thao tc 8 chia trc ngang Hin th gi tr ca mi li dc theo trc ngang 9 SMP Hin th phn gii ly mu 10 Cc gi tr tnh c Hin th cc gi tr tnh ton t s liu o c 11 Hin th khong cch cui Hin th khong cch cui si (theo trc ngang)

12 th ton cnh Hin th ton b th theo nh dng n gin. Phn th hin thi trn mn hnh chnh c gii hn trong mt khung. 13 Nhn Hin th nhn ca bi o c nhp vo 14 Ngy gi Hin th ngy gi hin ti

15 Ngun Hin th ngun in c s dng hin ti (AC hay pin, nu l pin th c hin th trng thi pin) 16 Cc phm chc nng Hin th chc nng hin thi ca cc phm chc nng 17 Mc phn cp Hin th mc phn cp ca thao tc

Bng 1- 3: Gii thch cc tham s trn mn hnh kt qu hin th

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2. Vn hnh khai thc my o OTDR AQ7260 2.1. Lu o kim si quang

Hnh 1- 4: Lu o kim s dng my o OTDR AQ7260

2.2. Chi tit cc bc thc hin o kim s dng my o OTDR AQ7260 2.2.1. Bt ngun my o - Trong trng hp s dng ngun AC

Nm c cc iu kin m bo an ton trc khi s dng Kt ni AC adapter vi my o Cm ngun AC Bt cng tc ngun trn nh my o

Trong trng hp dng pin Nm c cc iu kin m bo an ton trc khi s dng Bt cng tc ngun trn nh my o

2.2.2. Ch thit b n nh Sau khi bt ngun, my o n nh trong khong 30 pht.

2.2.3. Kt ni si quang cn o vi cng o M np bo v coupler quang (adapter quang) trn nh my o t u connector quang vo l cm trn coupler theo phng thng ng, n

nh connector vo ng rnh coupler (cn thn trnh lm v vng m s bn trong l cm ca coupler)

Xoay np connector theo chiu kim ng h gi cht u connector

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Hnh 1- 5: Kt ni giao din si quang cn o

2.2.4. Thit lp iu kin o Trc khi thc hin bi o mt si quang, phi thit lp mt tp iu kin o thch hp nh sau: (*GIA_TRI ch gi tr mc nh) Wavelength (bc sng): Bc sng xung nh sng p dng o si quang.

Vi modul quang AQ7264, c hai loi bc sng: 1310 nm v 1550 nm. 9 Bc sng 1550nm: s dng cho khong cch tuyn cp quang di, 9 Bc sng 1310nm: s dng cho khong cch tuyn cp quang ngn.

Auto set: iu kin o c thit lp t ng. C 03 gi tr thit lp: TT Gi tr M t 1 OFF

Thc hin o kim theo cc tham s c ly o, rng xung v suy hao do ngi dng thit lp

2 *AUTO RANGE Cc tham s: c ly o, rng xung, v gi tr suy hao c thit lp t ng khi bt u o

3 AUTO ATTN Thit lp gi tr suy hao t ng khi bt u o Bng 1- 4: Cc gi tr thit lp tham s Auto Set Distance range (c ly o): Thit lp c ly cn o. C ly o ch c th thay i

nu gi tr Auto set l OFF. Vi bc sng 1310nm, c th thay i c ly o t 2 n 320 km. Vi bc sng 1550nm, c th thay i c ly o t 2 n 640 km. Vi modul quang AQ7264 ang s dng trn thn my AQ7260 (di ng 38dB), c th o khong cch ti a khong 160km vi bc sng 1550nm v khong 100 km vi bc sng 1310nm.

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Pulse width ( rng xung): rng xung c th thay i t 10ns n 50s. Vi c ly c thit lp, th tng ng c mt di gi tr Pulse width c th thit lp.

Attenuation (Gi tr suy hao): Gi tr suy hao c th thay i t 0,00dB n 26,25dB. Vi rng xung c thit lp, th tng ng c mt di gi tr Attenuation c th thit lp.

Average condition (iu kin ly trung bnh): Thit lp phng php ly trung bnh cc d liu o c c. C hai phng php:

Ly trung bnh theo cc ln o Ly trung bnh theo cc khong thi gian C 03 gi tr thit lp cho tham s ny:

TT Gi tr M t 1 TIMES 2^* Dng phng php ly trung bnh ca mt s ln o nht

nh l 2 m * ln. S ln c thit lp ti Average time/average interval

2 TIMES*k Dng phng php ly trung bnh ca mt s ln o nht nh l 1000x * ln. S ln c thit lp ti Average time/average interval

3 *INTERVAL Dng phng php ly trung bnh trong khong thi gian nht nh. Khong thi gian ny c thit lp ti Average time/average interval

Bng 1- 5: Cc gi tr thit lp tham s Average condition Average time/average interval (thi gian o/thi gian tnh trung bnh): C

th l thi gian hoc s ln. Thi gian hay s ln cng ln th php o cng mt nhiu thi gian v chnh xc cng cao.

Group index (ch s khc x nhm): Gi tr Group index t sai s gy ra kt qu khong cch sai lch. Cc loi si quang hin nay ang s dng c Group index khong 1,467. Gi tr mc nh ca my o l 1.48000.

Data size (c s liu): Thit lp kch c s liu ca kt qu o. Data size t cng ln th kt qu cng t m, chnh xc v kch c tp tin (file) kt qu cng ln.

Average method (phng php ly trung bnh): Thit lp phng php my o chn gi tr suy hao. C 3 gi tr:

Hi-Speed: Theo phng php ny, my o s dng cng mt suy hao cho ton b c ly o. Trong trng hp c mt s kin phn x qu mc xy ra m suy hao khng thch hp th s gy ra bo ho.

Normal: Phng php ny c s dng t c kt qu tt hn khi o c ly xa, bng vic chia c ly o thnh cc on v thit lp gi tr suy hao ring cho tng on. Vic ny c my o thc hin t ng v s tn nhiu thi gian hn phng php Hi-Speed.

Ch : Tuy nhin, v gi tr suy hao trong phng php ny c thit lp theo mc tn x ngc ti u gn nn nu c mt s kin phn x qu mc xy ra ti mt on no th vn c th gy ra bo ho.

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Hi-Return: Phng php ny cng chia c ly o thnh cc on v thit lp gi tr suy hao ring cho tng on nh phng php Normal. im khc l theo phng php ny, gi tr suy hao ca tng on s c thit lp t ng theo mc tn x ngc ca chnh on . Phng php ny tn nhiu thi gian hn v cho kt qu tt hn phng php Normal.

Auto saving (ghi t ng): Thit lp trng thi t ng ghi kt qu va o c vo v tr c ch nh. C hai gi tr:

TT Gi tr M t 1 ON Kt qu c lu t ng sau khi kt thc php o 2 OFF Kt qu khng c lu t ng

Bng 1- 6: Cc gi tr thit lp tham s Auto saving Event search (Tm s kin): Thit lp chc nng t ng qut tm s kin khi

c c s liu o. C hai gi tr: TT Gi tr M t 1 *AUTO Qut tm s kin khi ly c kt qu thng k. To bng thng

tin s kin tm tt. 2 MANUAL a ra th khi ly c kt qu thng k. Khng qut tm s

kin. Bng 1- 7: Cc gi tr thit lp tham s Event search Approximate method (Phng php tnh gn ng): C 2 phng php:

LSA-Least squares approximate: Phng php gn ng theo bnh phng ti thiu. Theo phng php ny, on thng thng k ca on th gia hai im xc nh A, B l ng thng c chn sao cho tng bnh phng khong cch t tt c cc im th trong khong A, B n ng thng ny l nh nht. u im ca phng php ny l chnh xc thng k cao khi tnh on th khng c s kin no v ci thin c sai lch thng k trong php o. Nu trong on th ny c s kin th s lm sai lch kt qu. Phng php ny dng tnh on th ngn, khng cha s kin vi yu cu chnh xc cao.

TPA-Two point approximate: Theo phng php gn ng hai im. Theo phng php ny, on thng thng k ni trn chnh l on AB. Phng php ny chnh xc thng k thp, thng c s dng khi phi gn ng on thng thng k di.

Back scatter level (mc tn x ngc): Mc tn x ngc ph thuc vo bc sng: 9 Vi bc sng 1310nm l -50dB, 9 Vi bc sng 1550nm l -52dB.

Splice loss threshold (Ngng suy hao mi hn): hin nhiu nht mi hn, nn t gi tr ny nh nht.

Return loss threshold (Ngng suy hao phn x): hin nhiu nht s kin phn x, nn t gi tr ny nh nht.

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Fiber end threshold (Ngng suy hao cui si): Khi chc nng t ng qut tm s kin c thc thi, nu gp s kin c suy hao vt qu Ngng suy hao cui si th s kin ny c coi l cui si quang.

Filter (B lc): Thit lp chc nng lc loi tr nhiu. Nu kt qu thu c cn cha nhiu nhiu th kch hot chc nng lc (t gi tr ON) loi tr nhiu.

Plug check (Kim tra u cm): Thit lp ch kim tra kt ni ca my o vi si quang. Nu kch hot chc nng ny (chn gi tr ON) laser s khng pht nu cha c si quang kt ni vo my o hoc u ni khng tt.

Average measurement continue (tip tc tnh trung bnh): Thit lp chc nng cho php tip tc o v thm vo vi kt qu c. Nu kt qu nhn c cn cha nhiu, kch hot chc nng Average measurement continue, khi thi gian hay s ln ly trung bnh s tng ln v my tip tc o b sung vo kt qu c.

Hnh 1- 6: Giao din thit lp tham s o

Cc bc thit lp iu kin o m bo rng khng c tin trnh o no ang c thc thi. Nu c tin

trnh o ang thc hin th mt s tham s khng th thay i. Bm nt [MODE] chuyn con tr v TRACE. Bm [F1](MEASURE CONDITION).

Cc iu kin sau y c th c thay i ngay bng cch s dng phm F1 n F4 Wavelength (bc sng) Distance range (c ly o) Pulse width ( rng xung) Attenuation (Gi tr suy hao)

Distance range (c ly o), Pulse width ( rng xung), Attenuation (Gi tr suy hao) khng th thay i nu chn Auto set: ON

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Bm [F5](MEASURE CONDITION LIST) truy nhp vo tt c cc tham s ca iu kin o.

Thay i tham s iu kin o Nguyn tc chung thay i tham s iu kin o

Chuyn im sng con tr ti tham s cn thay i Bm [ENTER], s hin ln ca s hiu chnh tham s Thay i n gi tr c chn Bm [ENTER] xc nhn thay i Bm [F4] (DONE) xc nhn tp tham s iu kin o.

2.2.5. t tn file/Chn a v th mc lu file Chuyn ch cng tc v ch (FILE) bng phm [MODE] hoc phm [FILE] Chuyn thao tc file (FILE OPERATION) thnh (SAVE). t li cc tham s v ng dn. Chn kiu file (FILE TYPE) l (.SOR) Bm (COMMENT CHANGE) thay i tn file, i xong chn (DONE)

2.2.6. Thc hin o Bm phm (AVE) thc hin o v thng k trung bnh. Bm phm (Real time) nu mun theo di lin tc. Ch cho n khi php o hon thnh.

2.2.7. Kim tra s liu o c Sau khi php o hon thnh, chng ta tin hnh kim tra kt qu, nu c nhiu nhiu th c th khc phc theo mt s cch nh sau: S dng chc nng lc loi b nhiu Dng chc nng Average measurement continue (tip tc ly trung bnh)

ly kt qu b sung. Tng rng xung v o li Tng thi gian hoc s ln o v o li S dng Average method (phng php ly trung bnh) l Normal hoc Hi-Return.

Sau khi kim tra s liu ta c th phn tch kt qu tu theo yu cu c th. 2.2.8. Ghi s liu kt qu o Thc hin ghi kt qu vi thng s c thit lp ti bc 5 bng cch bm (EXECUTE) 2.2.9. Tt ngun Thc hin tt ngun theo cc bc sau: m bo khng c php o no ang c thc thi Tt cng tc ngun trn nh my Nu ang s dng ngun AC th rt cc u cm DC v AC. Tho si quang ra khi my o

Ch : nh nhng tho np connector quang. Rt connector nh nhng theo phng thng ng trnh lm hng cc mt tip xc.

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2.3. Bi o c th o tuyn cp quang c chiu di khong 35Km. Ta thit lp iu kin o nh sau: m bo rng khng c tin trnh o no ang c thc thi. Nu c tin trnh

o ang thc hin th mt s tham s khng th thay i. Bm nt [MODE] chuyn con tr v TRACE. Bm [F1](MEASURE CONDITION). Bm [F5](MEASURE CONDITION LIST) truy nhp vo tt c cc tham s

ca iu kin o. Thay i tham s iu kin o:

Chuyn im sng con tr ti tham s cn thay i Bm [ENTER], s hin ln ca s hiu chnh tham s. Thay i n gi tr c chn. Bm [ENTER] xc nhn thay i. Wavelength: Thit lp bc sng 1550 nm. Auto set (Measurement condition auto set): ch OFF. Distance range: thit lp gi tr 40 km. Pulse width ( rng xung): thit lp gi tr 20ns. Attenuation (Gi tr suy hao): gi tr mc nh. Average condition (iu kin ly trung bnh): gi tr mc nh Average time/average interval (thi gian o/thi gian tnh trung bnh): 1 pht Group index (ch s khc x nhm): thit lp gi tr: 1,48000 Data size (c s liu): gi tr mc nh Auto saving (ghi t ng): thit lp gi tr: OFF Event search (Tm s kin): gi tr AUTO Approximate method (Phng php tnh gn ng): LSA Back scatter level (mc tn x ngc): -52dB. Splice loss threshold (Ngng suy hao mi hn): 0.01dB Return loss threshold (Ngng suy hao phn x): 70dB (c th thay i

trong cc ln o c th kt qu ph hp nht) Fiber end threshold (Ngng suy hao cui si): 10dB (c th thay i

trong cc ln o c th kt qu ph hp nht) Plug check (Kim tra u cm): ON

Bm [F4] (DONE) xc nhn tp tham s iu kin o Ch : Tu chiu di c th ca tuyn cp si quang, ta t tham s o sao cho ph hp. Tham s chnh ci t chnh: Tham s khong cch: t cao hn chiu di tuyn cn o. t chiu di st nht

vi tuyn cn o. V d: Tuyn di 60 Km ta t tham s chiu di 80Km.

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Tham s rng xung: Khi t tham s khong cch, rng xung o s t ng nhy ph hp. Thng thng s c hai gi tr rng xung c th tu chn. Trng hp suy hao tuyn cao ta s t rng xung ln.

Tham s ngng suy hao cui si (END OF FIBER): L ngng suy hao xc nh cui tuyn si quang. Trng hp trn tuyn si quang c im suy hao ln hn ngng cui si my s coi l cui si v hin th chnh xc suy hao v im cui si ta cn thay i cho ph hp. Ngng t cui si t 3dB ~ 10dB.

3. Mt s lu khi s dng my o OTDR AQ7260 Tuyt i khng nhn vo cng quang o ca modul my o AQ7260 khi ang

o th hoc vn hnh bo dng. Khi thc hin tho, lp Adapter kt ni o cn nh nhng, khi thc hin tho

hoc lp cn dng my o thng ng. Trch dng lc hoc lp cho lm v vng m s ca Adaper khi o s khng cho th kt qu chnh xc.

Hnh 1- 7: Tho, lp Adapter o

Trc khi o nu thy u ni o b bn cn thc hin v sinh u ni o. S dng cy lau lm sch chuyn dng. Trng hp khng c cy lau ti ni lm vic c th tho Adapter modul o ra v v sinh bng cn cht lng cao.

Hnh 1- 8: V sinh cng kt ni o

Khng thc hin thay th Pin d phng khi my o ang c bt. Khi thc hin o kim cp kt ni ti ODF, kt ni dy o ra pha hng kt cui

cp, trch nhm kt ni nhm v pha thit b quang c th gy hng card hoc modul quang ca thit b.

Khi o kim tuyn ngn hn khong 20~30 Km cn tho patcord kt ni u cui tuyn cp vi thit b quang. Mc ch hn ch lm hng card hoc modul quang ca thit b.

Trc khi tin hnh kt ni si dy nhy quang vo cng o, cn v sinh u kt ni vt l ca dy nhy quang bng dng c lm sch c bit. Trng hp

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khng c dng c lm sch, ta s dng cn cht lng cao v gc thm cn khng c s vi lm sch u kt ni vt l.

Hnh 1- 9: Lm sch u kt ni o

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CHNG 2. MY HN QUANG FSM-40S Dao ct si quang

Cc sn phm dao ct si quang chnh xc cao c sn xut bi cc thng hiu ni ting nh Fujikura CT-20, CT-30. Sumitomo FC-6, FC-7. Fitel S323, S325. Ilsintech CI-01, CI-02, CI-03. Inno Instrument VF-77 v li dao ct si quang thay th cho cc loi dao ct si quang ca Fujikura (CT-20, CT-30), Sumitomo (FC-6, FC-7), Fitel S323, ...

Dng c thi cng quang

Cc thit b, dng c khng th thiu trong thi cng cp quang: Km tut si quang CFS-2, FO-103S, Km bc v cp quang, km tut v ng lng, Km ct cp quang, Km ct si gia cng,... c sn xut bi cc thng hiu uy tn nh Corning, Miller, ...

Hnh 1.2: Khoang hn

1. Tng quan my hn FSM-40S: 1.1. Gii thiu tng quan my hn FSM-40S: - My hn FSM-40 ca hng Fujikura Nht Bn l thit b hn ni si quang bng h quang vi phng thc cn chnh si v iu khin h quang t ng.

Rnh ch V: dng gi cc si quang

Np v kp si.

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- Dng my hn si quang FSM-40S l chng loi my hn phin bn trc FSM-50S v FSM-60S ca Fujikura m hin nay Tp on Vin thng Qun i Viettel ang s dng. So vi FSM-50S v FSM-60S, my hn FSM-40S c thi gian hn, nung si quang lu hn. Thi gian hn si tiu chun ca FSM-40S l 18 giy.

Hnh 2- 1: My hn FSM-40S

- FSM-40S c cc tnh nng ni bt nh sau:

- + FSM-40S c h thng nh v li-li PAS nhm hiu chnh mi hn sao cho

c suy hao t nht, phn x t nht v kh nng chu sc ko c hc cao nht... + FSM-40S hn nhanh v t ng hon ton gip tit kim thi gian v n

gin khi thao tc. + FSM-40S c h thng vn hnh hai hng gm 2 camera CCD, mn hnh

LCD vi s thay i gc nhn ca mn hnh gip quan st mi hn vi nhiu gc khc nhau.

+ Quan st mi hn theo hai trc X v Y ng thi. + FSM-40S c chc nng t ng hiu chnh h quang gip cho vic phng h

quang c n nh.

17

+ Chc nng nhn dng t ng loi si quang v t kim tra chun on li. Hin nay, mng cp si quang ca Viettel s dng hai chng loi si chnh: Si n mode thng G.652 v si Leaf G.655, kh nng t ng nhn din loi si khi thc hin hn ni si quang trn tuyn l rt cn thit.

+ Ph kin my hn ng b, nhiu tnh nng thun tin. - My hn FSM-40S c s dng hn ni si quang trong cc qu trnh lp t, hn ni thng tuyn cp quang, hn ni ng cu thng tin cp si quang, hn ni o kim cp mi nhp kho. C th my hn s c s dng hn ni si quang u cui tuyn cp vo ODF; Hn ni Mng xng trong qu trnh lp t tuyn cp mi, trong qu trnh ng cu thng tin; trong qu trnh ct cp

Hnh 2 - 2: ODF v Mng Xng - Cc ph kin i km my hn FSM-40S: Adapter AC/DC s dng sc Pin my hn v c th s dng trc tip cp

ngun cho my hn. K hiu: ADC-07. Pin my hn: Pin c dung lng ln, trn thn Pin my hn c b phn kim tra,

hin th dung lng pin. K hiu: DCA-01; BTR-05. Dao ct si quang c chnh xc cao, s dng d dng, li dao dng trn,

trng hp phn li ct m ta c th xoay li dao. K hiu: CT-20. Dao tut si quang: Gm dao tut lp o ngoi (Jacket Stripper for 900um OD).

K hiu: PS-02 v dao tut v bo v (Primary Coat Stripper). K hiu: JS-01. Dy kt ni sc ngun pin cho my hn. My hn v ph kin ca n c ng bo v trong hp kn, nh gn, c th d

dng vn chuyn trn tuyn. Np y mn hnh c tc dng bo v mn hnh khng b try xc.

18

Hnh 2- 3: Ph kin my hn FSM - 40S 1.2. Cu to, chc nng ca my hn FSM-40S: 1.2.1. Cu to khoang hn ca FSM-40S: - Khoang hn ca my hn FSM-40S c bo v bi 1 np y kn. Thit k trn thn my xung quanh khoang hn c cc g c tc dng khi ng np bo v li gip chng nc v bi tt hn. - Trn np y, pha bn trong khoang hn c gn hai gng c tc dng phn chiu hnh nh c tc dng trong vic quan st, nh gi b mt si quang v mi hn ca my hn. - Trn np y c nh v 2 kp si, khi np y xung gip gi c nh si quang trn 2 rnh ch V bn di khoang hn. - Bn trong khoang hn bao gm 2 kp gi v si c nh si quang cn hn; Cp in cc phng h quang; 2 Camera CCD quan st si v mi hn. n chiu sng gip d dng quan st khi thc hin hn si quang ban m hoc khi tri ti. Cu to khoang hn ca my hn FSM-40S cho theo hnh di y:

19

Hnh 2- 4: Cc thnh phn bn trong khoang hn

1.2.2. Cc b phn giao din ca my hn FSM-40S: - My hn FSM-40S c thit k ng b, khi nung c gn lin trn thn my hn, hnh nh si quang v mi hn c hin th trn mn hnh LCD gip quan st c tin trnh hn ni si quang. Mn hnh hin th LCD c th di chuyn ln xung d dng, c th o chiu mn hnh hin th gip quan st mi t th ngi hn. Mn hnh my hn c bo v bng mt np nha chng va p, try xc. Trn mn hnh c nt chnh sng ti hin th ca mn hnh. - My hn c cc cng kt ni tng thch vi cc thit b u cui khc: Cng Video; Cng RS232 truy xut kt qu o. - Thn my hn nh, c quai sch, d dng di chuyn. - Khi nung ca my hn c np y trnh bi. - Pha di ca my hn c khi cha b phn ngun (Pin hoc Adapter) Giao din my hn cho di hnh di dy:

20

Hnh 2- 5: Giao din ca my hn FSM-40S Trn mt my hn b tr cc phm iu khin ci t, vn hnh my hn. Cc phm iu khin c cho di hnh v sau:

Hnh 2- 6: Panel iu khin my hn FSM-40S STT Tn Phm Chc nng (1) SET bt u chu trnh hn; hy trng thi tit kim ngun

ca my hn. (2) RESET quay li trng thi sn sng ban u (3) X/Y La chn ch hin th; theo hng trc X; theo hng

trc Y; hoc c hai hng X v Y (4) ARC Phng li h quang ti thi im kt thc mi hn. (5) HEAT Bt u chu trnh nhit co nhit ng nung (6) MENU M mn hnh Menu chnh (7) ON/OFF tt/bt ngun my hn. tt ngun my hn, nhn v

gi phm trn cho n khi n LED ch th ngun my hn chuyn t xanh sang .

21

(8) HELP Hin th mn hnh [HELP] (9) ENT Thc hin hoc lc chn cc lnh v tham s trn mn

hnh menu la chn (10) EXIT Quay h thng tr li mn hnh menu la chn (11) Cc phm hng S dng di chuyn con tr la chn hoc thay i tham

s hoc thay i cc trang la chn trong menu my hn.

(12) n cng sut Mu xanh khi ngun c bt v khi tt ngun my hn

(13) n LED SET Bt xanh trong khi ang trong chu trnh hn si quang v nhp nhy khi mn hnh gim st trong ch tit kim ngun.

(14) n LED HEAT Bt xanh trong khi ang trong chu trnh nung ng co nhit v nhp nhy khi lm ngui sau khi nung xong.

Bng 2- 1: Bng gii thch cc phm trn mt my hn 1.2.3. c tnh k thut my hn FSM-40S:

Tham s k thut c im

Loi si quang

- Si quang n mt SM (Single Mode) - Si quang a mt MM (Multi Mode) - Si quang dch chuyn tn sc DS (Dispersion shifted) - Si quang dch chuyn tn sc khc khng NZ-DS (Non-zero dispersion shifted) - Si quang CS (Cut-off shifted) - ED (Er doped)

S si quang c hn Hn hai si n li vi nhau ng knh v phn x 80m ti 150m ng knh o bo v 100m ti 1000m

di on si lt b v 8mm n 16mm vi lp v ngoi ng knh 250m 16mm (chun) hoc 8 ti 16mm (tu chn) vi lp v ngoi ng knh trn 250m ti 1000m

suy hao mi hn trung bnh thc t (splice loss)

0,02dB vi si quang n mt (SM); 0,01dB vi si quang a mt (MM); 0,04dB vi si quang dch chuyn tn sc (DSF). Khi o bng php o c thc hin theo phng php cut-back p ng cc tiu chun ca ITU-T v IEC.

Thi gian mt mi hn Thng thng l 18 giy suy hao phn x (return loss) 60dB

22

Tham s k thut c im

Cc ch hn 40 ch hn do ngi s dng t nh ngha, v ti 60 ch hn do nh my thit lp trc

nh gi suy hao mi hn C kh nng nh gi suy hao sau khi hn xong chnh xc

Chc nng to mi hn suy hao (attenuation splice)

C kh nng to b suy hao c nh thng qua vic c tnh to mi hn c suy hao ln, iu chnh c t 0,1dB ti 15dB (theo bc 0,1dB)

Lu tr kt qu cc mi hn 2000 mi hn cui cng c lu trong b nh ni ti

Hin th si quang Theo trc X / Y, hoc c X v Y ng thi

Phng php quan st 02 Camera CCD v mn hnh mu LCD 5 inch

cao, m v nhit Lm vic 0 ti 3500m trn mt nc bin, m t 0 ti 95%RH v nhit t -10 ti 500 C Kim tra tnh chu lc ko cng ca mi hn 2N (tiu chun)/4.4N (tu chn)

Khoang nung Khoang nung vi 30 ch nung khc nhau.

di ng nung bo v dng vi my hn 60mm, 40mm v hng lot ng bo v loi nh

S ln hn vi ngun pin gn ngoi

Khong 40 chu trnh hn nung vi ngun pin BTR-05 c np y.

Ngun cp T ng chn in p xoay chiu t 100 ti 240V hay 10,5 ti 14VDC (vi ADC-01), in p ra 12VDC np cho BTR-05.

Cng kt ni Giao din RS232 v cng Video Ca chn gi C kh nng chn gi vi vn tc ti a 15m/s

Kch thc 172mm x 186mm x 180mm (W x D x H)

Trng lng 4.4kg (4.9kg bao gm c khi Adapter AC; ADC-07) Bng 2- 2: c tnh k thut ca my hn FSM-40S

1.2.4. Cc tham s hn ca FSM-40S:

1.2.4.1. Cng sut v dch chuyn motor trong qu trnh phng h quang:

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Hnh 2- 7: iu khin cng sut h quang v m t trong qu trnh phng h quang

A: Prefuse P ower (cng sut phng h quang trc kh hn) B: Arc1 Power (Cng sut phng h quang giai on 1) C: Arc2 Power (Cng sut phng h quang giai on 2) D: Cleaning Arc (H quang lm sch) E: Prefuse Time (Thi gian phng h quang trc khi hn) F: Forward Time related to Overlap (Thi gian tin v pha trc gi ln) G: Arc1 Time (Thi gian phng h quang giai on 1) H: Arc2 ON Time ( rng xung ngng phng h quang giai on 2) I: Arc2 OFF Time ( rng xung phng h quang giai on 2) J: Arc2 Time (Thi gian phng h quang giai on 2) K: Taper Wait Time (Thi gian ch vut mi hn) L: Taper Time related to Taper Length (thi gian vut lin quan n chiu di vut) M: Taper Speed (Tc vut) N: Rearc Time (Thi gian phng h quang li)

1.2.4.2. Cc tham s trong my hn Cc tham s trong my hn c gii thch trong bng di y:

Tham s Miu t, gii thch tham s Fiber type Mt danh mc cc ch hn c lu trong my hn. Ch hn lu

trong my c chn s c chuyn thnh chng trnh hn hin thi. Mode Title 1 Tiu cho mt ch hn thit lp sn tu chn, ln n 7 k t

Mode Title 2 Gii thch chi tit cho ch hn nhanh. Ch Title2 c hin th ti Menu [Splice Mode Select]

Align Thit lp ch cn chnh cho si quang. Core: cn chnh si theo v tr li Clad: cn chnh si theo tm ca v si Manual: cn chnh si bng nhn cng

Phng h quang

Dch chuyn motor

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Tham s Miu t, gii thch tham s Focus-L Focus-R

Thit lp tiu im cho h thng gim st si. Tiu im di chuyn vo gn li hn khi gi tr [Focus] tng. Nn t tiu im t ng v vic ti u tiu im rt kh. Cc si bn tri v bn phi c hi t c lp ngay c khi chng c kiu si khc nhau (mi hn khng tng ng). Nu li si khng th quan st c (si a mode), s dng tham s cnh Edge. [Align] v [Est. Mode] t ng thit lp Clad thch hp. [ECF] v [Auto Power] t ng thit lp "OFF" thch hp.

Auto Power Ti u cng sut h quang tu theo li ng tm li. Chc nng ny c s dng kt hp vi ECF. Nu [ECF] c t OFF, [Auto Power] t ng thit lp "OFF".

Proof Test Nu [Proof Test] t ON, mt cng on kim th s c thc hin trong khi m np khoang hn sau khi hn hay bm nt SET.

Cleave Limit Mt thng bo li s hin th nu gc ct ca mt trong hai si tri hoc phi vt qu ngng (cleave limit) c thit lp.

Loss Limit Mt thng bo li s hin th nu suy hao c lng c vt qu ngng (loss limit) c thit lp.

Core Angle Limit

Mt thng bo li s hin th nu gc un cong ca hai si c hn vt qu ngng (Core Angle Limit) c thit lp.

Cleaning Arc Mt xung h quang lm sch ngn t chy ht cc ht bi nh trn b mt ca si. Khong thi gian xung lm sch c th thit lp bng tham s ny.

Gap Thit lp k h hai u si tri v phi ti thi im cn chnh v phng h quang pre-fusion.

Gapset Pos. Thit lp v tr tng i ca mi hn so vi trung tm ca cc in cc. Suy hao mi hn c th c ci thin trong trng hp hn hai si khng cng loi bng cch dch chuyn [Gapset Pos] v pha si c ng knh trng mode ln hn.

Prefuse Power Thit lp cng sut h quang giai on m u prefuse, l giai on phng h quang t lc bt u n lc cc si bt u c dn li vi nhau. Nu [Prefuse Power] c thit lp qu yu, hin tng xin trc c th b xy ra nu gc ct tng i khng tt. Nu [Prefuse Power] c thit lp qu cao, cc u si b nung qu v suy hao mi hn c th km.

Prefuse Time Thit lp thi gian phng h quang Prefuse.[Prefuse Time] cao ng ngha vi [Prefuse Power] cao.

Overlap Thit lp phn gi ln ca cc si quang trong cng on dn cc si li vi nhau. [Overlap] nh c s dng nu [Prefuse Power] thp v [Overlap] ln c s dng nu [Prefuse Power] cao.

Arc1 Power Cng on phng h quang c chia thnh hai giai on. Tham s Arc1 Power thit lp cng sut h quang giai on th nht.

Arc1 Time Thit lp thi gian phng h quang Ch : nu Arc1Time c thit lp 1 giy hay thp hn v Arc2 Power t l "OFF", mi hn c th b gy trong giai on proof-test.

Arc2 Power Tham s Arc1 Power thit lp cng sut h quang giai on th nht.

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Tham s Miu t, gii thch tham s Arc2 Time Thit lp tng thi gian trong giai on phng h quang th hai. Thng

thit lp gi tr OFF. C th thit lp mt thi gian rt di. Tuy nhin, khi tng thi gian Arc1 v Arc2 vt qu 30 giy, lun phi iu chnh chc nng [Arc2 ON Time] v [Arc2 OFF Time] gim cng sut h quang. B phn phng h quang c th phng mt xung h quang lin tc trong 30 giy m khng gim cng sut h quang.

Arc2 ON Time

Trong qu trnh phng h quang Arc2, cng sut h quang c th nh dng xung bng cch thit lp Arc bt ON v tt OFF. Tham s ny thit lp rng thi gian cc khong Arc on.

Arc2 OFF Time

Thit lp rng thi gian cc khong Arc off trong giai on Arc2. Khi qu trnh phng Arc2 khng lin tc, qu trnh phng h quang li cng khng lin tc. Nu vic phng h quang lin tc l cn thit, t tham s ny thnh OFF.

Rearc Time Thit lp thi gian phng li h quang. Trong ch trng [BLANK], cng sut phng li h quang t ng t ging nh cng sut ca [Arc2 Power]. Nu Arc2 t ON v OFF, cng sut phng li h quang cng t ng t ON v OFF.

Taper Splice Suy hao mi hn i khi c ci thin khi si c ko dn trong qu trnh phng h quang lm mi hn dn ra hn.

Taper Wait Thit lp thi gian ch t lc dn cc si n lc bt u ko dn. Taper Speed Thit lp tc ko dn Taper Length Thit lp chiu di ko dn Est. Mode Chn ch c lng suy hao mi hn trong 3 la chn: OFF,

"CORE" v "CLAD". Vi si MM chn "CLAD". MFD-L Thit lp ng knh trng mode MFD ca si tri v phi. C MFD-L

& R u c a vo tp tham s c lng suy hao mi hn MFD-R Minimum Loss

Phn ny c cng b sung vo suy hao mi hn c lng c tnh ton ban u. Vi cc mi hn c trng hay cc si khng ging nhau, suy hao mi hn thc t c th cao mc d ti u cc tham s hn. xc nh mi hn thc vi suy hao c tnh c, thit lp gi tr nh nht c tnh c ca mi hn ti u nht.

Core Step Xc nh bc ca li (Core step), cong ca li (Core curve) v lch MFD nh hng n vic c lng suy hao mi hn. Nu Est. Mode t l "OFF" hay "CLAD", cc tham s Core step, Core curve MFD mismatch t ng t l "OFF". Nu mi hn c c lng chnh xc t hp si cn c iu chnh, Core step, Core curve and MFD mismatch c s dng.

Core Curve MFD Mismatch

Bng 2- 3: Cc tham s trong my hn. 2. Vn hnh khai thc my hn quang FSM-40S: 2.1. Lu cc bc vn hnh FSM-40S thc hin hn si quang: Cc bc vn hnh thc hin hn ni si quang s dng my hn FSM-40S cho di lu sau y:

26

Hnh 2- 8: Lu vn hnh FSM-40S thc hin hn si quang 2.2. Chi tit cc bc vn hnh my hn FSM-40S: Chi tit cc bc vn hnh my hn FSM-40S thc hin hn si quang nh sau: 2.2.1. Cp ngun cho my hn:

Trc khi vn hnh my hn, phi cp ngun cho my hn. C hai loi ngun cung cp:

- Ngun in li: dng in AC cn s dng AC/DC adapter (ADC-07).

Cp ngun cho my hn

Bt ngun my hn

Gia nhit ng nung bo v mi hn

a mi hn ra

Thit lp iu kin cho qu trnh hn nung

Lm sch si quang

Chun b si quang cn hn

Tin trnh hn si quang

Tt ngun my hn

27

- Ngun Pin: BTR-05. Khoang ngun ca my hn FSM-40S h tr c hai loi khi ngun trn. cm khi cp ngun vo my hn, y khi cp ngun vo khoang cha khi

ngun ca my hn cho n khi cht n hi pht ra ting cch. 2.2.1.1. Hot ng vi ngun AC: - Cm dy AC vo li vo AC ca AC adapter. u kia ca dy cm vo ngun in li ph hp (100~240VAC, 50~60Hz). cn thn, trc khi cm dy ngun vo ngun in li, ta cn s dng ng h o in li trc. Sau khi cp ngun, n ON LED trn AC adapter s sng xanh. - Ch th loi ngun cp cho my hn s c hin th trn mn hnh [READY] sau khi bt my hn. Trng hp s dng ngun AC th ch tit kim ngun ca my hn s khng hot ng (Tc l sau mt khong thi gian khng tc ng vo my hn th mn hnh hin th ca my hn vn khng t ng tt). Ch : Khi s dng ngun in AC, Adapter s nng, iu ny hon ton bnh thng v khng nh hng cht lng hot ng ca my hn. 2.2.1.2. Hot ng vi ngun pin:

My hn FSM-40S s dng khi Pin NiMH BTR-05. Thc hin cm khi Pin vo my hn cho n khi cht n hi pht ra ting cch. Sau bt ngun my hn ln, mn hnh [READY] ca my hn s hin th nng lng ca pin pha bn gc tri. Chiu di v mu ca thanh hin th s biu th nng lng cn li ca Pin. C th cho di hnh sau:

Chiu di thanh hin th mc nng lng ngun

Pin

Mu ca thanh hin th Trng thi cng sut ca Pin

4/4 Mu xanh dng y

3/4 Mu xanh lc Nh hn 3/4

2/4 Mu xanh lc Nh hn 1 na

1/4 Mu vng Nh hn 1/4 (Yu cu sc li )

Bng 2- 4: Ch th in nng pin - Khi my hn s dng ngun Pin, ch tit kim ngun s t ng c khi ng. - Khi Pin yu my s bo mc pin yu-Low Battery. Khi phi tt ngun my hn v thc hin sc Pin. - Trc khi Pin ht sch, nng lng tr v mc zero my hn s t ng thc hin tt ngun. - Cch np pin: Kt ni Pin BTR-05 vi Adapter AC sc pin (ADC-07) bng dy np (DCC-08). Tuyt i khng khi pin trn khi AC adapter hay ngc li do trong qu trnh sc pin Adapter sc pin nng. Trong qu trnh np, n CHARGE LED sng vng. Pin c np xong trong khong 3 gi. Khi np xong, n bo np s t ng tt.

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Hnh 2- 9: Kt ni np pin

2.2.1.3. Hot ng vi ngun pin m rng: - S dng Adapter DC (DCA-01) v dy ngun DC (DCC-05) cp ngun DC cho my hn bng pin m rng. Trc khi thc hin cp ngun cho my hn phi m bo in p ca pin m rng l 12V v dung lng pin bng hoc nh hn 30 Ah. - Khi thc hin kt ni ngun Pin vi Adapter DC (DCA-01) cn phi m bo kt ni ng cc dy sc ngun. Dy vi cc dng (+), Dy en vi cc m (-).

Hnh 2- 10: Kt ni Pin m rng - S dng dy ngun DCC-04 kt ni Adapter DCA-01 vi khe Cigarette Lighter ca my hn. Sau chn Adapter DCA-01 vo khe cha khi ngun ca my hn cho n khi cht n hi pht ra ting cch.

29

Hnh 2- 11: Kt ni Adpater DCA-01 vi cng Cigarette Lighter my hn

- FSM-40S t ng nhn din ngun cung cp v hin th trn mn hnh [READY] Ch tit kim ngun trong trng hp s dng pin m rng s t ng thit lp. 2.2.2. Bt ngun my hn - Bm nt v gi cho n khi n LED trn bn phm sng. Mn hnh ch READY s hin th sau khi tt c cc motor c a v v tr khi u. Kiu ngun cung cp s c hin th. Nu s dng ngun pin, trng thi in nng cn li ca ngun pin s c ch th.

Hnh 2- 12: Bt ngun my hn 2.2.3. Thit lp iu kin cho qu trnh hn nung

Trc khi thc hin hn nung si, cn thit lp cc iu kin cho my hn cho thun tin khi vn hnh v t hiu qu cao nht khi thc hin hn si, c th nh sau: - Gc mn hnh: Mn hnh my hn c th iu chnh ln xung. Trc khi thc hin thao tc hn si quang thc hin hiu chnh gc mn hnh thch hp ngi hn c gc nhn tt nht. - sng mn hnh: Trn mn hnh ca my hn c phm Lamp iu chnh sng ca mn hnh my hn. Ngi hn c th iu chnh sng mn hnh ph hp vi nh sng bn ngoi sao cho quan st l tt nht. - Ch hn: Chn ch hn thch hp cho cc loi si quang cn hn. Ch hin ti c hin th trn mn hnh READY. Ch AUTO c khuyn ngh cho cc loi si SM, DS, NZDS v MM. Vic cn chnh h quang s c thc hin t ng cho ph hp vi tin trnh hn. - Ch gia nhit: La chn ch gia nhit thch hp vi loi ng co nhit bo v mi hn. Ch gia nhit c hin th trn mn hnh READY. thay i ch hn, bm ti mn hnh READY. thay i ch nung, bm ln na. Mn hnh s chuyn ln lt vo ch [Splice Mode Select] v [Heater Mode Select].

30

Hnh 2- 13: Mn hnh READY la chn ch hn nung 2.2.4. Lm sch si quang Lm sch si quang bng gc hoc vi mng thm cn khong 100mm u si trnh cc ht bi lt vo ng co nhit trong qu trnh lun si qua ng co nhit, nu ht bi lt vo ng co nhit s lm nh hng ti cht lng mi hn sau khi nung. 2.2.5. Chun b si quang cn hn Bc 1: Lun si quang qua ng co nhit Lun mt trong hai si quang vo ng co nhit (Fiber protection sleeve).

Hnh 2- 14: Lun ng co nhit Bc 2: Tut v lm sch si Tut lp o ngoi si quang khong 30 n 40 mm u si bng dng c tut si. Lm sch k lng si bng gc hay vi mng tm cn. Cn s dng phi l loi 99% tr ln.

ng bo v si (ng nung)

Lun Si

Si

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Hnh 2- 15: Tut v lm sch si Bc 3: Ct phng u quang (1) m kho e dao, n nh np dao xung. Tip theo, gt nm kho sang v tr unlock m e dao.

Hnh 2- 16: M Np dao ct (2) t phn si tut vo rnh ch V trn dao ct. iu chnh chiu di thch hp. (3) n np dao t t cho n khi li dao trt n v tr si quang. (4) n np dao nhanh khi li dao ct qua si quang. (5) Th np dao t t. L xo hi v s y np dao m ra.

Hnh 2- 17: Ct phng u si quang (6) Ly phn ct b ra v vt b vo ni an ton. (7) M kp gi si quang v ly si ra (8) Sau khi dng xong dao, kho dao bng cch n np dao xung v ko cht n v tr lock. Bc 4: a si quang vo my hn (1) M lp khoang hn (wind protector) v m cc tm kp gi si quang (Sheath clamp). (2) t cc si quang c chun b vo rnh ch V, v tr u cc si quang phi nm gia rnh ch V v u ca in cc.

Tut si Lm sch si

Kho dao

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Hnh 2- 18: t si quang vo my hn (3) Gi si quang bng cc ngn tay v ng cc tm kp si gi cht si quang. m bo rng si c t ng khe rnh ch V. Nu si khng nm ng v tr ny, phi t li si quang. (4) Tip theo, t si cn li vo rnh ch V bn kia nh trong bc 3. (5) ng np khoang hn. 2.2.6. Tin trnh hn si quang - Sau khi ng np bo v khoang hn, nhn nt SET thc hin qu trnh hn si. bo m mi hn tt, cc si quang phi c theo di bng h thng x l hnh nh nm trong my hn. Tuy nhin, trong mt s trng hp, h thng x l nh khng th pht hin ra mi hn c khim khuyt. Gim st th gic cng vi mn hnh l cn thit c mi hn cht lng tt. Quy trnh hot ng chun c m t di y.

Hnh 2- 19: Kim tra si quang bng hnh nh (1) Cc si a vo my hn c dch chuyn qua li. Si c dch chuyn tin

n pha trc dng ti mt khong cch rt gn ngay sau khi cng on lm sch bng h quang c thc hin. Tip theo, gc ct v cht lng b mt ct c kim tra. Nu gc ct vt qua ngng cho php hoc pht hin thy c vt trn b mt si th my hn s c cnh bo qua thng bo trn mn hnh v ting ku. Tin trnh hn s c dng li. Nu khng c thng bo li, cc trng thi u si di y s c dng kim tra hnh nh. Nu gim st thy cc tnh trng ny, ly si ra khi my hn tut v ct li si. Mt s hnh nh sau cng c th xut hin do li ca my hn:

Tm kp si

Si quang

in cc

Gc ct si bn tri Gc ct si bn phi

Gc li

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Hnh 2- 20: Cc li ct si

(2) Sau khi kim tra si, cc si c cn chnh li v v ca hai si. lch gia hai li v hai v c hin th nh sau:

Hnh 2- 21: Hon thnh mi hn (3) Sau khi hon thnh cn chnh si, cng on phng h quang c thc hin hn cc si quang. (4) Suy hao mi hn c hin th khi hon thnh cng on hn. Suy hao mi hn c tnh ton trn c s chnh xc kch thc nh ng knh trng mode, ... Nu c gc ct v suy hao nh gi u vt qu ngng cho php, thng bo li s hin th. Nu pht hin mi hn c cc bt thng nh: mng, dy, bong bng th thng bo li s c hin th. Nu khng c bo li nhng hnh nh mi hn bt thng, cng phi thc hin hn li. Suy hao mi hn c th c ci thin trong mt s trng hp bng cch phng h quang b sung. Bm nt ARC phng h quang thm mt ln na. Suy hao mi hn c tnh ton li v mi hn cng c kim tra li.

Hnh nh li mi hn

Nguyn nhn Cch x l

Lch trc li

Bn trn rnh ch V hoc trn ht kp si

Lm sch rnh ch V v ht kp si

Lch gc li

Bn trn rnh ch V hoc trn ht kp si

Lm sch rnh ch V v ht kp si

Cht lng b mt vt ct si km Kim tra b mt ct si, ct li

Chch li Bn trn rnh ch V hoc trn ht kp Lm sch rnh ch V v ht kp

st m gy bin nghing

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Hnh nh li mi hn

Nguyn nhn Cch x l

si si

Cong li

Cht lng b mt vt ct si km Kim tra b mt ct si, ct li

H quang lm mm u si (prefuse) qu yu cng sut qu thp hoc thi gian qu ngn.

Tng [Prefuse Power] hoc [Prefuse Time]

Li ghp MDF

Cng sut h quang qu yu Tng [Arc Power]

Bc chy trong mi hn

Cht lng b mt ct si km Kim tra dao ct, ct li

Bi bn cn st li sau khi lm sch Lm sch k si hoc tng [Cleaning Arc Time]

Bong bng

Cht lng b mt ct si km Kim tra b mt ct, ct li

H quang lm mm u si (prefuse) qu yu cng sut qu thp hoc thi gian qu ngn.

Tng [Prefuse Power] v/hoc [Prefuse Time]

Chia tch

n hai u si trong khi phng h quang qu nh

Thc hin cn chnh motor [Motor calibration]

H quang lm mm u si (prefuse) qu mnh cng sut qu cao hoc thi gian qu di.

Gim [Prefuse Power] v/hoc [Prefuse Time]

Dy

n hai u si trong khi phng h quang qu ln

Gim Overlap v thc hin cn chnh motor [Motor Calibration]

Mng

Cng sut h quang khng Thc hin [Arc Calibration] Cc tham s h quang khng Chnh cc tham s: [Prefuse

Power], [Prefuse Time] hay [Overlap]

C vt ng k

Cc tham s h quang khng Chnh cc tham s: [Prefuse Power], [Prefuse Time] hay [Overlap]

Bng 2- 5: Cc hnh nh li mi hn, nguyn nhn v cch x l 2.2.7. a mi hn ra (1) M np ca bung nung (2) M np khoang hn (3) Gi si bn tri bng tay tri cnh ca np khoang hn v m tm kp gi si quang bn tri. Tip tc gi si quang cho n khi si c a vo hon ton trong bung nung. (4) M tm kp gi si bn phi. (5) Gi si bn phi bng tay phi v a si quang ra khi my hn

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Hnh 2- 22: a mi hn ra khi my hn

2.2.8. Gia nhit ng nung bo v mi hn: - t ng co nhit vo trung tm bung nung. Trt nh nhng ng co nhit vo mi hn sao cho mi hn nm hon ton vo gia trong ng co nhit.

Hnh 2- 23: a mi hn vo bung nung Gia nhit (Nung) ng co nhit: (1) Chuyn si v ng co nhit bo v vo trung tm bung nung. (2) Trong khi chuyn si v ng co nhit vo bung nung, tc ng mt cht lc cng vo si trong qu trnh a mi hn vo v dng si ang cng cc cn gt trn np bung nung ng np bung nung. (3) Bm nt HEAT bt u gia nhit (nung). Cc ting bip pht ra v n nung HEAT LED sng mu cam s tt khi qu trnh gia nhit cho ng bo v hon tt. (4) M cc np bung nung v ly mi hn ra. Ko cng mt lc nh trong qu trnh ly mi hn ra. (5) Nhn ng co nhit v kim tra xem c bt khng kh hay ht bi trong ng nung khng. Nu c phi thc hin hn li. Nu khng th vic hn si hon thnh.

Gi si bn tri bng tay tri cnh ca lp khoang hn

Gi si bn tri bng tay tri cnh ca lp khoang hn

t ng co nhit vo gia bung nung

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2.2.9. Tt ngun my hn: - Sau khi hon thnh chu trnh hn si v nung ng co nhit, nu khng thc hin cho cc mi hn tip theo, tt ngun my hn. Sau , nu lu tr my o trong kho th tho khi ngun my hn ra. tho khi ngun, tt my hn. Bm nt release mt bn ca khoang ngun v tho khi ngun ra khi my hn.

Hnh 2- 24: Tho khi ngun ra khi my hn 3. Mt s lu khi s dng my hn quang FSM-40S - Khng s dng in p khc in p ngun ch nh. - ngn nga sc in, phi m bo cm dy ngun vo cc khe in thch hp

v phi c tip t. - lm gim s nguy him do la, sc in hoc trc trc, trnh lm t my hn

bng cht lng nh l nc hoc lm ri cc b phn kim loi vo trong my hn. Kim tra s ngng t nc trc khi vn hnh. Nu cn thit, lm kh my hn trc khi vn hnh c th dng my sy tc lm kh.

- Khng thc hin sa i phn in v phn c kh ca my hn. iu ny c th dn n lm ngi s dng b nguy him bi in p hoc cc r do khc.

- Nu trng hp nc hoc cht lng khc, b phn kim loi nh hoc cc vt cht khc ri vo bn trong my hn, ngay lp tc tt ngun my hn v rt dy ngun in nu ang cm in.

- My hn nung chy thc hin phng h quang. Trnh s dng my hn trong nhng v tr nguy him, trong vng kh gas d b bc chy.

- Khng s vo b phn nung hoc cc in cc. Cc b mt nng v c th l nguyn nhn gy tn thng cho ngi s dng v c th gy sock in.

- Nu thy my hn khng bnh thng nh l ting n khng bnh thng, khi hoc xut hin mi l (kht) ngay lp tc tt ngun my hn v ngt kt ni dy ngun.

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- Khng Pin di nh nng hoc nhng ni nng nh h la bi v n rt nguy him, c th lm n pin.

- Trnh my hn nhng ni qu bn, bi. Bn v bi c th tch lu trong my hn, l nguyn nhn gy ngn mch v cn tr lm mt my hn.

- Khng s dng hoc ct gi my hn trong nhng v tr c nhit cc cao v mc m cao. - gim ri ro do sc in, khng cm dy v rt dy ngun hoc pin bng tay m t v s dng dy in trn cm in. - iu kin tt nht cho Pin trong khong nhit t 100C n 400C. Khng sc pin nhng ni c nhit qu thp. - Nu khng s dng my hn trong mt khong thi gian, tho Pin my hn ra trc khi lu ct. - Khi di chuyn my hn, cn cho my hn vo hp ng kn, c lt bo v (Cho vo hp ng my hn). - Tuyt i khng dng cc ha cht khc ngoi cn nguyn cht (99% hoc cao hn) lau cc chi tit my nh: cc ng knh Camera CCD, cc rnh ch V, gng, mn hnh LCD, - My hn khng cn tra du m b sung. Du hoc m c th lm hng my - Nn tun theo cc khuyn ngh sau v cp in cc hn:

o Khi thay cp in cc th cn t cp in cc vo ng v tr trc, c nh chc chn trc khi bt my vn hnh. o Khi thay cp in cc th tt ngun my hn.

Nu khng tun theo cc khuyn ngh trn th c th lm hng thit b hoc lm gim hiu sut hn ni ca my.