Takatho Phone Naing - Moe Tway Ywar Hma

8/14/2019 Takatho Phone Naing - Moe Tway Ywar Hma ...

1/107

]] pum;opmrSefaomcg0,fMoZmav;eufay:qDwuf

EG,fjrufopfyifaq;zuf0if\ }}

Sifr[moDv0HoSifr[moDv0HoSifr[moDv0HoSifr[moDv0HoSifr[moDv0Ho


2/107

wuodkvfbkef;Ed kifwuodkvfbkef;Ed kifwuodkvfbkef;Ed kifwuodkvfbkef;Ed kifwuodkvfbkef;Ed kif

r d k ;awG Gmr S jzi f YvQi fu G, fr d k ; awG Gmr S jzi f YvQi fu G, fr d k ; awG Gmr S jzi f YvQi fu G, fr d k ; awG Gmr S jzi f YvQi fu G, fr d k ; awG Gmr S jzi f YvQi fu G, f


3/107

opm

igYpmzwf? rjrwfwdkifap

rSKH;apom;? ysif;ajyESpfNcKduf

awG;zG,fxdkuf&m? wydk'fwav

awGUjim;ayrl? pmayaus;uRef

igY0wfyGefNyD? igrGeftjrwf

igtwwf[k? pmzwfolay:

acgif;udkausmf? igaomfq&m

rvkyfygwnf;/ /

wuodkvfbkef;Edkif


4/107

tcef; ( 1 )tcef; ( 1 )tcef; ( 1 )tcef; ( 1 )tcef; ( 1 )

rdk;nKdnKdatmuf vrf;avQmufjcif;/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu NyKH;rdonf/ tb,frnfaom tNyKH;[lrl rdrdtNyKH;udk rdrdrod/ &ifrSm vGrf;jrjrav;

cHpm;&onf/ emMunf;rSKuvnf; ruif;/ rmeESifY a'gowdkYuvnf; aiGUaiGUSdonf/ onfMum;xJu vGrf;jrjr/ &ifrSm

vGrf;jrjr/rdk;nKdnKd/ pdefyef;eDeD/ cspfaom/ tif; ...cspfaom 0g0g/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu ajcvSrf;jcif;udk &yfvdkufonf/ cspfaom 0g0g/ cspfaom 0g0g[lonf Sdygao;oavm/aMomf ...0g0gawmY SdrnfaygY/ SdaeOD;rnfaygY/ cspfaom 0g0g odkYr[kwf cspfvSpG maom 0g0g/ odkY

ac:Edkifaom 0g0g/ cspfaom 0g0g/ olSdygao;oavm/aMomf ...cspfaom 0g0g Sdonf/avmurSm Sdonfjzpfap? rSdonfjzpfap? rdrd\ tonf;ESvkH;wGif;rSm Sdonf/todaMumifY &ifrSm vGrf;jrjr jzpf&onf/ todaMumifYyif &ifrSm emMunf;&onf/ todaMumifYyif

rmeESifY a'gowdkY aiGUaiGU &ifrSm ay:&onf/

MumcJYNyD/ onfawmY onfcHpm;rSKawG &ifrSm Sdxdkufygao;\avm/ onfvdk rdk;nKdnKdatmufrSm vrf;avQmufxdkufygao;\avm/

txl;ojzifY onfae&mrSm/ onfNrKdUrSm/ tjypfrJYonfh Zmwdajrjzpfaom NrKdUqDodkYyif rdrd rjyefcJYonfrSmMumNyD/ ,ckawmY vkHavmufaom taMumif;aMumifY acwjyefa&mufcJYonf/

ae&m tcsdef rdk;nKdnKdatmuf vrf;avQmufrdjcif; twGufum; vkHavmufaom taMumif;rSd/rSd[k xifonf/

rdk;nKdnKdwGif ae&ma&mufu ywjrm;yGifYawG qifonfh pdefyef;yifBuD;ud k jrifjyefvQif wpfcsdefwkef;ucspfaom 0g0gudk jyefowd&avOD;rnfudkvnf; rdrdodonf/ odvsufESif Y rdrdu bmaMumifY ae&mqDavQmufjzpfatmif avQmufcJY&oenf;/

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu NyKH;rdjyefonf/wpfcsdefwkef;u cspfaom 0g0g/ pum;uvnf; rSefyg\avm/ wpfcsdefwkef;u cspfaom 0g0gqdkawmY

,cktcg rcspfawmYaom 0g0g jzpfaecJYNyDavm/tBudrfwGifrl rdrd\tNyKH;udk rdrdodvdkufonf/0rf;enf; NyKH;onf? emMunf;NyKH;onf/aMomf ...cktcgrsKd;rSm tNyKH;rsKd;uvGJ tjcm; b,ftNyKH;rsKd; rdrdu NyKH;Edkifygrnfenf;/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu qufavQmufonf/rdrdudk,fudk rvSnfhpm;vdkyg/ onfae&mudk avQmufvmcJYNyD; jzpfojzifY avQmufcsif avQmufcJYjcif; jzpfonf/

bmaMumifY avQmufcsif avQmuf&oenf;/ ar;cGef;udkawmY rdrd tajzSm&efrvdk[k xifonf/avQmufcsif avQmufonf/ ESvkH;om;u apcdkif; avQmufonf/ ESvkH;om;[lonfrsKd;u taMumif;tusKd;

jywwfonfrsKd; r[kwf/ onfawmY avQmuf/aMomf ...rsKd;rGef&,f avQmufavOD;/ajrvrf;0g0gav;twdkif; a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu avQmufvmonf/ rodromESifY ajru jrifYvm\/ ouf&if;

trSL;jyKaom csKHpkwdkYuvnf; wjznf;jznf; xlvm\/ xD;xD;rm;rm;&yfaeaom pdefyef;yifBuD;udk vSrf;awGU&onf/rdk;nKdnKdudk aemufcHjyKvsuf ywjrm;yGifYwdkY apG;apG;eDaeMuonf/

ajr0gvrf;av;u pdefyef;yifBuD;udk vGefvsuf aSUbufodkY qufoGm;aomfvnf; a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu rvdkufawmYbJ pdefyef;yifBuD;atmufwGif &yfvdkufonf/

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu ywjrm;xD;BuD; rdk;xm;onfESifYwlaom pdefyef;yifBuD;udk armYMunfhonf/ Gufpdrf;EkEkwdkYyg;yg;SdaeNyD/ odkY&mwGif &J&JeDaom yGifYcdkifyGifYqkyfwdkYuom yifvkH;udk BuD;pdk;xm;onf/pdefyef;yGifYykHu wpfcJeufESifY jynfhjynfhodyfodyfEdkifonf/


5/107

aMomf ...&ifrSmvnf; cHpm;rSKwdkY wpfcJeufESifY jynfhjynfhodyfodyfEdkifvSonfwum;/ acsmrGwfaom yifpnfudkvufwpfbufjzifYudkifvsuf a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu aSUbufodkY ai;Munfh\/

awmif0dkif; awmifwef;BuD;u cefYnm;wnfNidrfvSonf/ awmifwef;BuD;u bmrQrajymif;vJ/ [dk;wkef;uvnf; cefYnm;wnfNidrfonf/ ,ckvnf; cefYnm;wnfNidrfonf/ avmuESifY b0udk awmifwef;BuD;uJYodkY cefYnm;wnfNidrfpGm SKMunhfaeEdkifvQif aumif;avpG/

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu pD;u&ufwpfvdyfudk xkwf,lzGmSKdufNyD; awmifwef;BuD;udk ausmcdkif;vdkufonf/ pdefyef;yifBuD;\ yifpnfudk rSD&yfvsuf taemufbufodkY Munfhonf/

rdrdavQmufvmcJY&m ajrvrf;0g0gav;/ ay:vGifaeaom ukef;ajronf taemufbufodkY avQmedrfYqif;oGm;\/jrifuGif;\ vuf,mbufqD pdrf;arSmifaom opfyiftkyfpkrsm;Mum;rS ay:xGufaeaom jzLazG;onfh armfvNrKdifaumvdyftaqmufttkHBuD;udk vSrf;jrif&onf/ vuf0JbufqDum; aTewfawmifESif Y bk&m;apwD/ rsufESmrl&mtaemufwnf hwnfh 'l;&if;ESif Y rif;uGwfNcHBuD;rsm;/ xdkrSvGefaomf rsufpdwpfqkH; ajzmifYaeaom awmwef;/txufrl wdrfvdyfwdkY &dyf&dyfnKdnKd vTrf;wufvmaeaom aumif;uif/

ta0;qDrS rsufvkH;udkkyfvsuf a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu ukef;ajravQmavQmudk jyefMunfhonf/ajcoGm;vrf; 0g0gav;onf ukef;ajr\ tedrfYqkH;tydkif;wGif ESpfcGjzpfvsuf cJGxGufoGm;onf/ vrf;wpfoG,fu

aumvdyfe,fajrqD oGm;onf/ vrf;wpfoG,fu 'l;&if;NcHrsm;qD oGm;\/'l;&if;NcHBuD;rsm;qD oGm;aomvrf;av;qD a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu arQmfMunfhonf/ aMomf ...[dktcgwkef;qD

uvnf; vrf;av;qD arQmfMunfhcJY&onf/ cspfolvm&mvrf;qdkawmY arQmfMunfh&onfaygY/ cspfolvm&mvrf;qDarQmfrMunfhaomol[l avmurSm Sdyg\avm/

,ckawmY &ifrckef/ vGrf;jrjrom Sdonf/ [dkwkef;uawmY &ifckefonf/ cspfolvm&mvrf;qD arQmf&if;&ifckefcJY&onf/

0g0g/ emrnfav;ESifYvdkufatmif tom;av;u 0gonf/ 0gaom t0wftpm;av;rsm;udkrS aG;cs,f0wfwwfonf/ onfawmY rdrduvnf; rSwfxm;vdkufonf/ cspfolvmvQif 0if;0gonf/ wpfavmuvkH; 0if;0gonf/rdrd&ifwGif;rSmawmY vrif;omonf/

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu rsufvkH;rsm;udk ydwfxm;vdkufonf/rsufvkH;udk ydwfvdkufcgrS twdwfyef;csDum;wdkYu ydkrdk yDoxifSm;vmonf/ ajrvrf;0g0gav;twdkif; cspfaom

0g0gu aMumYaMumY,Of,Ofvmonf/ pdefyef;yifBuD;em;ta&muf awmcsKHav;rsm; tumtuG,f&aomtcgtajy;av;vmonf/ rkwfokefavwdk;aom aeYrsKd;wGif ajy;vmaom 0g0g\acgif;rS qHyifqHEG,fwdkYu vSypGm avrSm0JysHvSKyfSm;onf/

pdefyef;yifatmufrS rdrdu qD;BuKdonf/ &ifcGifwGif; ckefqif;vmaom vrif;BuD;udk qD;,layGUonfhES,f,k,k,, qD;BuKdayGU,l&onf/

aumif;uifrS m rdk;nKdaernf/ pdefyef;yifBuD;u &J&JeDaernf/ odkY&mwGif ajrjyifrSmawmY vomaeonf/0if;0if;0g0gBuD; omaeonf/ a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu rsufvkH;rsm;udk zGifYvdkufonf/ yifyef;vSpGmjzifY cspfolvm&mvrf;qDarQmfMunfhrdjyefonf/

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefwpfudk,fvkH; wkefvSKyfoGm;onf/ acw aMumifai;ae&mrS r,kHEdkifbJ rdrd\ rsufvkH;rsm;udkrdrd yGwfMunfhrdonf/

udk,f[efu aMumYygonf/ vnfwdkifoG,fu Sif;ygonf/ wpfudk,fvkH;u 0g0if;ygonf/ cspfaom 0g0g/onfae&m onfvrf;rSm onftoGifESifY onfwpfa,mufom Sdrnf/ cspfaom odkYr[kwf cspfcJY&zl;aom 0g0g/

aMomf ...,cktBudrfrl 0g0gYudk b,fykH rdrd qD;BuKd&ygY/0g0gu wjznf;jznf; teD;odkY a&mufvmonf/[dk,cif tcgrsm;url ae&modkYta&mufwGif 0g0gonf rdcifawG Uaom orifri,fodkY tajy;av;

vmjrJjzpf\/,ckrl 0g0g\ trlt&mu wnfMunfvSonf/ wnfMunfvGef;onf[kyif a'gufwmrsKd;rGef xifonf/


6/107

0g0g\ acgif;av;uarmYNyD; rsufESmav;u csDum rsufvkH;rsm;u aSUwnfhwnfhqDom Munfhonf/ pdefyef;yifBuD;ESifY rdrdSd&modkY wpfcsufav;rQyif rMunfh/

kwfw&uf zrf;pm;aom tHYMopdwftajywGif SufpdwfESifY emusnf;pdwfwdkYu a'gufwmrsKd;rGef\ &ifwGifay:vmonf/

0g0gonf rdrdudk rjrifr[kwf? jrif&rnfyif/ xD;xD;rm;rm;S daom pdefyef;yifatmufwGif xl;xl;jcm;jcm;

&yfaeaom vlwpfa,mufudk rjrifbl;qdkonfrSm rjzpf Edkif/ jrif&aom vlwpfa,mufudk wpfcsufrQawmY tenf;qkH;MunfhrnfrSm obm0yif jzpfonf/ ,ckawmY rMunfh/ aMomf ...jrifvsuftm;ESifY rMunfhonfrSm t"dyg,f Sif;vSonf/rMunfhcsifyg/

olu rMunfhcsifawmY udk,fuvnf; rsufESmvTJ&rnf/a'gufwmrsKd;rGef rsufESmvTJrnftjyKwGif 0g0g\ rsufESmav;u rdrdSd&mbuf wnfhwnfhvSnfhvmonf/ wrif

vSnfhonfawmY r[kwf/ vrf;u tenf;i,f rdrdbuf auGUvmaomaMumifY rsufESmcsif;qdkifrdjcif;om jzpfonf/a'gufwmrsKd;rGef rsufESm rvTJjzpf/ rvTJonfhtjyif rsufarSmifMuKwf 0g0g\ rsufESmav;udk pl;pl;pdkufpdkufyif

Munfhrdonf/0g0g\ rsufESmav;u xl;jcm;onf/ rsufvkH;rsm;u ydkxl;jcm;\/ rsufESmav;u xl;jcm;onfrSm rnfodkYaom

cHpm;rSK\ t&dyfta&mifudkrQ rjyaomaMumifY jzpfonf/ rsufvkH;rsm;u xl;jcm;onfrSm 0ef ;0ef;0dkuf0dkuf pl;pl;pdkufpdkuftaetxm;wGif vSKyfSm;rSK wpfpkHwpf&m rjyaomaMumifY jzpf\/

avu wdkufaeojzifY 0g0g\ qHEG,frsm;u aemufodkY ysHUvGifYaeonf/ toufrJYoa,mifSdaom rsufESm/tod&dyf uif;oa,mifSdaom rsufvkH;rsm;ESifY 0g0gonf a'gufwmrsKd;rGefESifY wpfvHtuGmtxd csOf;uyfvmonf/

vrf;onf auGUoGm;jyeff&m a'gufwmrsKd;rGef teD;rSuyf 0g0gu jzwfavQmufoGm;onf/acgif;av;u armYvsuf/ rsufESmav;u csDvsuf/ rsufvkH;rsm;u Nidrfvsuf/ a'gufwmrsKd;rGefudk jrifonf[k

t&dyfta&mif wpfcsufrQyif rjybJ 0g0gu teD;rS jzwfavQmufoGm;onf/0g0gYaemufausmudk a'gufwmrsKd;rGef Munfhusef&pfonf/rBuKduf/ wpfpkHwpf&mudk rBuKduf/ bmudk rBuKdufonfrSef;vnf; rod/a'gufwmrsKd;rGef\ rsufvkH;rsm;u 0g0g\ ajcaxmufav;rsm;qD a&mufoGm;onf/0g0g\ ajcaxmufav;rsm;wGif zdeyfpD;rxm;/rdrdudk,frdrd bmvkyfrdonfrodrD a'gufwmrsKd;rGefonf 0g0gYaemufodkY vdkufcJYrd\/0g0g\ trlt&mu vkH;0rajymif;/ aemufodkYvnf; vSnfhrMunfh/ ab;odkYvnf; rMunf h/ acgif;av;u

armYvsuf/ rsufESmav;u csDvsuf/ qHyifqHEG,frsm;u avwGif vGifYyg;vsuf/vrf;av;onf acsmif;wpfck\ urf; qkH;oGm;onf/ 0g0gurl r&yfbJ acsmif;udkjzwful;onf/ acsmif;u

reuf/ a&vnf; rSdao;/ ausmufwkH; ausmufcJrsm;awmY Sdonf/0g0gYaemufrS vdkufcJYaom a'gufwmrsKd;rGefonf acsmif;pyfta&mufwGif wpfzufurf;rS jrif&aom t&m

rsm;aMumifY owd0if vSKyfSm;oGm;\/ wpfzufurf; ouf&if;? awmoajy? vufxkwfpaom csKHyifwdk Y xlonf/csKHawmwdkYMum;wGif ocsKif;*l wpfckESpfckudk vSrf;jrif&onf/

]] 0g0g }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu vSrf;ac:onf/0g0gu rxl;/ vSnfhvnf; rMunfh/onfae&mudk a'gufwmrsKd;rGef rSwfrdonf/ aumif;aumif;rSwfrdonf/[dk,cifwkef;u onfae&mbufudk 0g0g rvm&J/ vSrf;jrif&aom ocsKif;udk oDvSifocsKif;[kk ac:onf/

rdef;uav;wdkYrnfonf ocsKif;udk aMumufwwfonf/ 0g0gvnf; aMumufwwfonf/,ck 0g0gu oDvSifocsKif;qD raMumufrGHU OD;wnfoGm;aeygyaum/

]] 0g0g }}ac:&if;u a'gufwmrsKd;rGefonf acsmif;udk ajy; jzwful;onf/wbufurf;wGif vrf;rSd/ csKHwdkYom Sdonf/


7/107

0g0gu csKHwdkYudk Sdavonf[k trSwfjyK[ef rwl/ csKHwdkYudk wdk; aSUqufavQmufae\/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu 0g0gYudk rDvmonf/ 0g0g\ vufarmif;uav;wpfbufudk qGJvsufu ac:,lonf/]] 0g0g }}0g0g\ udk,fav;onf qwfqwfwkef vSKyfSm;oGm;onf/ rsufvkH;rsm;url a'gufwmrsKd;rGefudk acw aMumif

Munfhaeao;\/ aemufwpfcPrl 0g0gonf tkwfav; BuKd;jywfonfhES,f aysmYacGusoGm;\/

0g0g\ udk,fav;udk a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu tcsdefrDxdef;odrf; ayGU,lvdkuf&onf/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefrSm tHYMoaeaomfvnf; owdrvpf/ ae&mu vljywf awmcsKHxlonf/ rdef;rysKd

wpfa,mufudk ayGUvsufSdaom rdrdtm; wpfpkHwpfa,muf jrifoGm;vQif rnfuJYodkY xifrnfenf;/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu 0g0g\ udk,fav;udk ayGUrvsuf acsmif;udk jyefjzwful;cJYonf/pdefyef;yifBuD;atmufa&mufrS 0g0gYudk,fav;udk ayGUvsufESifYyif a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu ajrxdkifonf/0g0gY ausmav;udkawmY rdrd\ aygifrsm;ay:wGif oufomatmif xm;&onf/ ykckH;av;rsm;udkawmY vuf

wpfzufjzifY xdef;ayGUxm;&\/0g0gu owdjyefr&ao;/ rsufawmifSnfBuD;rsm;u pif;ydwfvsuf Sdaeao;onf/tjcm; bmrQrSdawmY vufudkify0gjzifYom 0g0g\ ezl;av;txufqD tomt,m ,yfcwfay;aerd\/

aMomf ...rMunfhcsifyg? jrifaevsufom;/0g0gYrsufESmav;udk wpfcgwkef;uvdkyif rdrd&ifcGifrSm jrifae&onf/ 0g0if;aom yg;av;rsm;wGif taMumpdrf;

uav;rsm;uvnf; Sdef;jrae\/ vuf,mbuf yg;rdkYay:rS pHy,fwifrSJYav;uvnf; vJYvJY eufaeonf/ em;xifrSoG,f0Jusvmaom qH,OfEkwdkYuvnf; pHy,fwifrSJYav;\ tvSudk uljznfhay;aeonf/

]] 0g0g vSvm; armif }}]] vS odyfvS }}]] bmu vSwmvJ }}]] wpfudk,fvkH; }}]] [Gef;? tJ'Dvdk jzef;rajymeJY }}]] trSefudkajymwm rBuKdufbl;vm; }}]] wdwdususajym }}]] 0g0gY wpfudk,fvkH;u vSw,f? 'gayr,fY armifYrsufpdxJ tvSqkH;? 'gaMumifYrdkY tvSqkH;[m a[m'D oG,fus

aewJY em;o,fqHav;&,f? ydwkef;a&mifNyKdifvJYaewJY a[m'D pHy,fwifrSJYav;&,f? uJ ...odNyDvm; }}yJwifoHrsm;/ [dk; twdwfqDrS yJYwifoHrsm;/,ckawmY 0g0g pum;rqdkEdkif/ owdvnfvm pum;qkdEdkifjyefvQifvnf; onfpum;rsKd;awmY qdkvdrfYrnf

r[kwf/ rdrdrSmvnf; onftajzav;rsKd; ay;EdkifcGifYSdonf r[kwfawmY/0g0gawmY [kwfonf/ odkY&mwGif wpfcsdefwkef;u cspfaom 0g0g/ rodcif rsuf&nfu 0Jrdygyaum/ wNyKdifeuf

rSmyif &ifu emcJY&jyefygyaum/0g0gYudk,fav;u vSKyfSm;vmonf/ rMumrD rsufawmifaumYBuD;rsm; yGifYysHvm\/rsuf0ef;jymaom rsufvkH;MunfBuD;rsm;u rdrdudk txl;tqef;t&myrm pdkufMunfhaeonf/]] 0g0g owd&NyDvm; }}]] tif;? Sif Sif b,fol }}0g0gu pum;rquf/ acw&yfoGm;NyD; r,kHEdkif[ef olYudk pdkufMunfhaeonf/ cPwGifrS ESKwfcrf;av;rsm;rS

wdk;wdk;ac:oH xGufvmonf/]] armif }}]] rsKd;rGefyg 0g0g? udkrsKd;vdkY wpfcgu 0g0g ac:cJYygw,f? ckvJ udkrsKd;vdkY ac:Edkifygw,f }}

olu 0g0gYudk wnfhrwfpGm xkdifay;vdkufNyD; olYvufrsm;udkvnf; 0g0gY ykckH;rS cGmonf/0g0gu olYudk pdrf;pdrf;av;Munfhonf/ xdkYaemuf oufjyif;av;cs olYxHrS cGmcGmav; aTUxdkifvdkufonf/]] 0g0g aeaumif;oGm;NyDvm; }}


8/107

0g0gu olYudk pdrf;pdrf;Munfhjyefonf/]] 0g0gu bmjzpfvdkYvJ }}ol bmajz&rSef; rod/ 0g0gYudkom tuJcwf Munfhaerdonf/0g0gY toGif yifyef;EGrf;e,frSK vuPmrsm; usefaeao;aomfvnf; tjcm; bmrQ xl;xl;jcm;jcm; rSd/

rsufESmav;u aS;,cifxufpmvQif tenf;i,f ydkoG,fvmonfxif\/ oG,foG,fav;jzpfaeaom rsufESmav;rSm

wpfrsKd; ydkMunfhaumif;vmonf xif\/]] 0g0g bmjzpfvdkYvJ ar;aew,fav }}]] tJ'gudk udk,f b,fajzwwfrvJ? 0g0g udk,fYem;u jzwfavQmufoGm;w,f? 'gayr,fY udk,fYudk jrifykHray:bl;?

udk,fac:ao;w,f? rxl;bl; }}]] udk,f ac:ao;w,f }}]] [kwfw,f NyD;awmY 0g0g zdeyfvJ pD;rxm;bl; }}0g0gu rdrd\ ajcaxmufav;rsm;udk ikHYMunfhonf/]] 0g0g vrf;avQmufwm }}]] [kwfygw,f? 0g0g vrf;avQmufwm? 'gayr,fY bmvdkY zdeyfrpD;ovJ }}

0g0gu olxHrS rsufvkH;rsm; vTJypfvdkuf\/]] 0g0g wpfcgwav tJ tJ'Dvdk vrf; ...vrf;avQmufw,f }}]] aMomf ...0g0g rMumcP 'DvdkyJ avQmufwwfw,faygY }}0g0gu jzwfueJ olYudk Munfhonf/ tBudrf 0g0g\ rsufvkH;rsm;u 0dkif;0dkif;vnfaeonf/ rsufESmav;

wGifvnf; pdk;&drfxdwfvefYrSKwdkY ay:vGifae\/ cPrl 0g0gu rsufESmav;udk vuf0g;av;rsm;ESifY tkyfvdkufNyD;udk,fav;vSKyfatmif idkaeonf/

olu idkifMunfhaeonf/ olY pdwfwpfydkif;u ayGU,lESpfodrfY&ef wdkufwGef;ae\/ tjcm; pdwfwpfydkif;uolYvufrsm;udk csKyfaESmifxm;\/ xdk[pOf acsmif;[efYoHESifY ajcoHwpfckudk wNyKdifeuf Mum;&\/

vSnfh armYMunfhaom a'gufwmrsKd;rGefonf toufig;q,fausmfcefY vlwpfOD;udk awGU&onf/xdkolY qHyifwdkYu yg;NyD; ezl;uus,fonf/ rsufvkH;wdkYu usOf;NyD; ESmacgif;u tenf;i,f jym;onf/ tom;u

jzLNyD; eDpyfpyfEdkif\/ olu rdrdwdkY ausmcdkif;&mbufrS ay:vmjcif;jzpfonf/olu rsufvkH;usOf;rsm;jzifY a'gufwmrsKd;rGefudk wpfcsufpdkufMunfhNyD; 0g0gYteD; &yfvdkuf 0g0g\ ykckH;av;udk

vufwpfzxufjzifY xdqkyfonf/]] 0g0g }}olYtoHu MoZmjynfhaomtoH[k ac:Edkifonf/ ac:vdkuf[efu aysmYaysmif;El;nHhonf/idkae&mrS 0g0gu olYudk armYMunfhonf/ 0g0gY trlt,mav;u tm;i,f EGrf;e,faeaom uav;

wpfa,mufESifY wlaeonf/]] xawmY orD;? a[m[dkrSm rdk;awG GmawmYr,f }}olajymonfrSm rSefonf/ aumif;uifwGif wdrfnKdwdkY vdyfwufvmonf/ NyKdaomwdrfwdkYu NyKdqif;aeonf/

avuvnf; twefjyif;NyD; at;jrae\/ajr0gvrf;rS toufokH;q,fcefY rdef;rwpfOD; tajy;wufvm&m vlBuD;u qD;ajymonf/]] jrarwdkYu odyfaygUwmyJ? uJ ac:oGm;? orD; jyefawmYaemf }}0g0gu a'gufwmrsKd;rGefudk wpfcsufMunfhonf/ onftMunfhurl pum;ajymonf/ &ifwGif;udk xdk;azmuf

pum;ajymonf/aMuuGJaMumif; ajymonf/ 0rf;enf;aMumif; ajymonf/ tm;i,faMumif; ajymonf/toHxGufrl ESKwfrqufawmYbJ 0g0gonf jrarqdkolac:&m vdkufoGm;\/

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu vlBuD;\rsufESmudk Munfhonf/vlBuD;u 0g0goGm;&mudk ai;Munfhae&mrS a'gufwmrsKd;rGefbufodkY vSnfh\/ vlBuD;\rsufESmrSm wnf Nidrfae\/jzpforQudk vufcHxm;aomolwpfOD;\ wnfNidrfrSKrsKd;[k a'gufwmrsKd;rGef xifrdonf/


9/107

]] armif&ifYudk aus;Zl;wifygw,f }}]] cifAsm }}]] usKyfa&mufwm aemufusoGm;w,f? 'gayr,fY 'Dae&mudk rdef;uav;udk ayGU,lvmNyD; jyKpkwm usKyf

jrifygw,f }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu rsufESmudka&m toHudkyg wnfNidrfapNyD; ar;onf/

]] 0g0g bmjzpfaevJ }}vlBuD;\ rsufvkH;usOf;usOf;rsm; ta&mifvufoGm;\/]] armif&ifu 0g0gYudk odovm; }}]] OD;yJ 0g0gYudk 0g0gvdkY ac:cJYw,f r[kwfvm; }}vlBuD;u a'gufwmrsKd;rGefudk wpfcsufpdkufMunfhonf/ xdkaemuf &,f\/]] rSefw,f? OD;u 0g0gYudk 0g0gvdkYyJ ac:cJYw,f? 'gayr,fY armif&ifYar;ykHu 0g0gYudk &if;&if;ESD;ES D; odwJYvl

wpfa,muf&JU ar;ykHeJY wlaew,f }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu NyKH;\/]] 0g0gYudk uRefawmf odygw,f? odcJYzl;w,f qdkygawmY }}

]] armif&if u 'DNrKdUuyJvm; }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu vlBuD;\ rsufvkH;rsm;udk wnfhwnfhpdkufMunfh\/ rsufvkH;rsm;u usOf;aomfvnf; todOmPf

xufjrufaMumif; azmfjyaeonf/ rsufESmu NyKH ;a,mifa,mif Sdaomfvnf; rsufvkH;rsm;url rNyKH;aMumif; a'gufwmrsKd;rGef owdxm;rdonf/

]] 'Dar;cGef;u uRefawmf ajzzdkYrvdkbl;xifw,f }}]] b,fvkd b,fvdk }}]] vSyacsmarmwJ Y rdef;rysKdwpfOD;udk rarQmfvifYbJ ulnDcGifY&cJYw,f? 'DtcGifYaumif;udk ,lNyD; rdef;rysKdeJY

eD;pyfatmif vkyfr,f? OD;u 'DvdkawG;w,f r[kwfvm;? awG;&if OD;tawG;[m rrSm;ygbl;? 'gayr,fY OD; vlrSm;w,f}}]] b,fvdk usKyf vlrSm;w,f }}]] [kwfw,f? OD;tawG;twdkif; vkyfr,fYvlxJrSm uRefawmf rygbl;? 0g0gYudk uRefawmf odcJYzl;w,f? 'DawmY

xyfodzdkY rvdkbl;? odvJ rodcsifbl;? apmapmu 0g0g bmjzpfovJvdkY uRefawmf ar;cJYw,f? obm0twdkif; ar;dk;ar;pOf ar;rdwmyJ? OD; ajzzdkYrvdkygbl;? 0g0g bmjzpfaew,fqdkwm uRefawmf pdwfr0ifpm;bl;? Mo ...a[m[dkrSmMunfhprf;yg }}

olu kwfw&uf vufnKd;nTefjyojzifY vlBuD;u vdkufMunfh\/ ukef;u edrfYoGm;onf/ wpfae&ma&mufawmYtaemufbuf ajrjyefYjrifYoGm;onf/ ajrjrifY&m NcHBuD;rsm;\ tvGef awmwef; owdxm;MunfhrS jrifEdkifaomacgifrdk;eDeDwpfckudk awGUEdkif\/ xdk acgifrdk;eDeDqDodkY a'gufwmrsKd;rGef nTefjyjcif;jzpfonf/

]] ok0PNrKdifqdkwJY NcHv,fu tdrfBuD;av? 0g0gwdkY&JU tdrfaygY? tJ'Dtdrfu b,folYudkrS uRefawmf pdwfr0ifpm;bl;?'Dtdrf&dyfeJY 'DNcHajrudkvnf; wpfouf uRefawmf ajcreif;bl;? auseyfNyDvm; }}

vlBuD;u rsufvkH;usOf;usOf;rsm;ESifYom olYudk pdkufMunfhaeonf/ oluvnf; pdkufMunfhaeaom rsufvkH;rsm;wnfhwnfh jyefpdkufMunfhNyD; pum;udk jyif;jyif; ajymcsvdkufjcif;jzpf\/ ajymtm;&rS vludk vSnfhvdkufNyD; ajr0gvrf;twdkif; cyfrSefrSef jyefavQmufvmcJYonf/

wdrfwdkYNyKdNyD; naeu nKdarSmifvmonf/ rdk;aygufwdkYyif uspjyKNyD/ usygap/ rdk;GmawmY rdk;a&xJrSmvrf;avQmufjcif;aygY/

t"dyg,frJY rdk;nKdnKdatmuf vrf;avQmufcJYrdonf/ onfawmY t"dyg,frJYonfwdkYudk awGUNyD; t"dyg,frJYa'goxGuf&jyefonf/

aumvdyfe,fajrtwGif;Sd em*0Hoacsmif; ta&mufwGif &yfvkdufNyD; a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu vmvrf;qD

jyefMunfhonf/ta0;rS pdefyef;yifBuD;udk wpfyifvkH; rjrif&awmY/ odkY&mawGif usonf;pjyKaom rdk;a&xJwGif &J&JeDaomtyGifYrsm;udkrl vSrf;jrif&ao;onf/


10/107

rdk;a&xJrS pdefyef;eDeDwdkYudk MunfhrdpOf rsufESmav;u ay:vm\/ rdk;aiGUrdk;rSKefrsm;udk aemufcHjyK ay:vm\/0g0g\ rsufESmav;/ aemufqkH;awGUcJY&aom 0g0g\ rsufESmav;/onfrsufESmav;rS rsufvkH;wdkYurl pum;ajymcJYonf/ rdrd&ifudk xdk;azmufNyD; pum;ajymcJYonf/ em;vnf

onfawmY xifonf/ t"dyg,f tjynfhtpkHudkawmY rod/ 0g0g bmajymcsifoenf;/ rdrdudk bmajymcsifoenf;/,ck tcsdefusrS rdrdukd bmawGajymajym? bmrsm; t"dyg,fSdygawmYrnfenf;/ aMomf ...0g0g&,f? bmrsm;

t"dyg,fSdygawmYrnfenf;/]] t"dyg,f rSdawmYwJY b0BuD;yguG,f }}olu wdk;wdk;nnf;NyD; t"dyg,frSdoa,mifjzpfaom trSKudk qufjyKonf/ rdk;a&xJwGif vrf;avQmuf&yg\/


awmifurf;yg;wGif ausmufwkH;rsm; pDuyfvsuf t*FawESifY qufpyfxm;onf/ xdktxufwGifu GufvS

yifwef;rsm;/ xdktxufwGifu acgifrdk;eDeDESifY wpfxyfomjrifYaom vlemtdyfaqmif/ acgifrdk;eDeD txufrS ukef;jrifYay:wGifu jzLazG;pifMu,faomta&mifESifY acwfrDvSyaom taqmufttkH/

ausmufwkH;pDxmaom urf;yg;,H\tajc um;vrf;ay:wGif a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu tjcm;okH;OD;ESifYtwl &yfae\/wpfOD;u kyfacsmarmonf/ rsufESmudkMunfh toufcefYrSef;r&ol\ kyf&nfrsKd;vnf;jzpfonf/ tjcm;wpfOD;u

ao;ao;auG;auG;ESifY t&yfykonf/ ESmacgif;u rsufESmESifYrvdkufatmif BuD;NyD; tom;u tvGefjzLonf/ rsufrSefxlxl xyfqifxm;NyD; aq;wHvnf; cJxm;onf/ tjcm;wpfOD;um; &Jt&mSd0wfpkHudk 0wfxm;NyD; t&yftarmif;aumif; awmifYawmifYajzmifYajzmifYSdonf/

vlemtdyfaqmif uG,faeojzifY tay:ydkif;wpf0ufom jrif&aom acwfrDtaqmufttkHudk a'gufwmrsKd;rGefuarmYMunfhonf/ rdrdwdkYu xdktaqmufttkHrS qif;cJYMujcif;jzpfonf/

]] rl;,pfaq;0g;ukowJY aq;kHwpfck tckvdkwdk;vmm 0rf;omp&myJ q&mBuD;? taqmufttkHuvJ vSyw,f?uRefawmfwdkYudk q&mBuD;udk,fwdkif vdkufvHjyovdkYvJ aus;Zl;wifygw,f }}

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu kyf&nfacsmarmaom yk*Kdvfudkajymjcif;jzpf&m xdkyk*Kdvfu &,fvsuf pum;jyef\/]] q&mu ajymif;jyefajymaejyefNyD? uRefawmfwdkY rGefjynfe,f rl;,pfaq;0g;tE&m,f wm;qD;umuG,fa&;

tzGJUuom q&mwdkYudk aus;Zl;wif&rSmyg? r[kwfbl;vm; OD;pdk;aemif }}OD;pdk;aemif[k tac:cH&aom &Jt&mSdu axmufcHonf/]] [kwfygw,f? q&mBuD;OD;pdefrSL; ajymovdkyJ uRefawmfwdkYuom wul;wuefY vma[majymay;wJYtwGuf

q&mwdkYudk aus;Zl;wif&rSmyg }}OD;pdk;aemifu t&yfykyk ESmacgif;BuD;BuD;ESifY yk*KdvfbufvSnfhNyD; qufajym\/]] q&mYw&m;uawmY wdkwdkeJY vdk&if;xdw,f? vli,fawG oabmusMuwm uRefawmf owdjyKrdw,f }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefuvnf; xyfqifYaxmufcH\/]] trSefyJq&m? uRefawmfwdkY a[mMuwmu rsm;vJrsm; pkHvJpkHawmY [kefoGm;rSm wpfcgwav pdk;&drfrdw,f?

a[m'D a'gufwmausmfazuawmY pdwfynmyg&*lBuD;yDyD vli,fawG&JU obm0udk odyfodw,f? olwdkY todOmPfrSma&m&ifrSmyg wpfckckpGJoGm;atmif [moaESmNyD; a[mwwfw,f }}

aq;wHcJvsuf w[J[Jvkyfaeaom a'gufwmausmfazu pum;jyef\/]] armif&ifu udk,fYudk csD;rGrf;awmY udk,fuvJ jyefcsD;rGrf;&OD;r,f? udk,fwdkYu vlYobm0eJY qufEG,fNyD;

a[m&awmY vG,fao;w,f? armif&ifu "mwkaA'udpawG a[m&awmY ra[mwwf&if vlawG tdyfidkufukefr,f?

armif&ifu azmfjrLvmBuD;awG tDauG;Sif;BuD;awGrygbJ Sif;Sif;av;eJY vlpdwf0ifpm;atmif a[mwwfwm udk,fawmYcsD;rGrf;w,f? r[kwfbl;vm; a'gufwmpdefrSL; }}


11/107

]] [kwffw,f q&m? OD;aESmufudk w,fvDAD;Sif;eJY ESKdif;NyD; ZD0"mwkaESmifYvdkY w,fvDAD;Sif;BuD; aMumifNyD;uarmufur avQmufay:ykH ajymjywm okyfygw,f q&m? &,fvJ &,f&w,f? ausmif;olausmif;om;awG[mrl;,pfaq;aMumifY bmjzpfwwfw,fqdkwm odvdkMukH rubl;? bmaMumifY jzpfw,fqdkwmvJ odvdkMuw,f? q&mrsKd;rGef&JU "mwkaA' odyHenf;us Sif;jyvdkufykHudk olwdkYav;awG pdwf0ifpm;Muwmudk uRefawmf owdjyKrdw,f? rl;,pfaq;0g;tE&m,feJY ywfoufNyD; olwdkYav;awG&JU todOmPf ydkSif;oGm;w,fvdkY uRefawmf ,kHMunfw,f }}

a'gufwmausmfazu vufywfem&Dudk Munfhonf/]] uJ ...ajcmufem&Dawmif xdk;awmYr,f? uRefawmfawmY xrif;pm;zdwfxm;wmSdvdkY oGm;vdkufOD;r,f?

udkrsKd;rGef vdkufcJYAsm? [dku ESpfa,mufpvkH;udk zdwfxm;wm }}]] aqm&D; q&m? uRefawmfu roGm;&ifrjzpfwJY oli,fcsif;wpfa,muftdrf oGm;p&mSdaevdkY }}]] oli,fcsif;aemf }}]] oli,fcsif;yg q&m }}]] 'Dvdkqdk&ifawmY Sdap? aMomf ...um;awmY wpfpD;xJ oGm;MuwmaygY? armif&ifYtdrf t&if0ifaygY }}OD;pdk;aemifu 0ifajymonf/]] q&m oGm;ygq&m? q&m OD;rsKd;rGefudk uRefawmf vdkufydkYay;ygYr,f }}

]] uJ ...'gjzifY tm;vkH; oGm;NyD }}a'gufwmausmfazu qD'ifum;tjzLav;ESifY xGufoGm;\/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu OD;pdefrSL;udk ESKwfqufNyD; OD;pdk;aemif\ &Jum;tjymay: wufonf/]] q&m b,foGm;rvJ }}]] w&m;kH;csKyfaSUaeBuD; OD;wifnGefYtdrf? uGrf;a&uefoGm;wJY vrf;ay:rSm OD;pdk;aemif odovm; }}]] [m odwmaygY q&m? &JeJY aSUae rodvdkY b,fjzpfrvJ }}um;onf OD;Zdebk&m;vrf;rS qif;NyD; txufvrf;rBuD;twdkif; awmifbufodkY vmcJY\/ awmif0dkif;oGm;

vrf;cGJrSwqifY uGrf;a&uefbufodkY qufvmonf/vrf;taemufbufSd NcH0if;wpfckwGif;odkY um;udk auGU0ifvdkufonf/NcHv,frS wdkufu topfjzpfonf/ wdkufaSUjrufcif;ay:wGif toufESpfESpftG,f uav;wpfOD;u abmvkH;BuD;

wpfvkH;ESifY aqmYupm;ae\/ uav;teD;wGif tdrfazmfESifYwlaom trsKd;orD;wpfOD; Sdonf/um;&yfoHMum;xifonf/ wdkuf\ acgufwHcg;wyft0 ckepfESpf SpfESpftG,fcefY rdef;uav;wpfOD;

ay:vm\/]] bmudpygvJSif }}]] tm; OD;wifnGefYudk awGUcsifvdkYyg Sd&JUvm; }}]] azaz tckyJ jyefvmygvdrfYr,f txJ0ifxdkifyg }}]] jrifYjrifYaum }}]] araru armifav;oGm;arG;w,f }}]] [kwfuJY? OD;OD;wdkY tdrfxJ 0ifxdkifyg }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu oGufvufaom uav;rav;udk oabmusoGm;\/]] uJ OD;pdk;aemif? uRefawmf ae&pfawmYr,f? udpSd&if oGm;yg }}]] [kwfuJY q&m? 'gxuf q&mwdkY oefbufcg jyefjzpfw,faemf }}]] jyefjzpfygw,f }}]] [dkbufurf;zdkY uRefawmf armfawmfpDpOfxm;ygw,f? 'DtawmtwGif; vdkwJY tulnDvJ ajymyg }}]] [kwfuJY? aus;Zl;wifygw,f OD;pdk;aemif }}]] q&mjyefzdkY uRefawmf um;jyefvTwfay;vdkuf&rvm; }}

]] udprSdygbl; OD;pdk;aemif? wifnGefYudk jyefydkYcdkif;ygYr,f }}]] 'gjzifY uRefawmf oGm;r,faemf }}]] [kwfuJY }}


12/107

OD;pdk;aemif\ um;xGufoGm;aomtcg a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu rdef;uav;udk NyKH;Munfhonf/rdef;uav;\rsufESmu jrifYjrifYESifY qifonf/ rsufESmav;u oG,foG,fESifY acsm\/ rsufawmifeufeufrsm;

0dkif;&Hxm;aom rsufom;u jymonf/ trlt,mav;u wnfNidrfNyD; vlBuD;qefonf/]] OD;OD;u azazY oli,fcsif;vm; }}]] [kwfw,f uav;? tJ orD; b,fvkdvkyfodvJ }}

]] azazYudk OD;wifnGefYvdkY rac:bl;? wifnGefYwJY? ararYudkvJ a':jrifYjrifYvdkY rac:bl;? jrifYjrifYwJY? oli,fcsif;rdkYvdkY 'Dvdkac:wmaygY }}

]] tm; rSefw,f? orD;emrnf b,fvdkac:ovJ }}]] EG,fEG,fOD; }}]] aMomf ...EG,fEG,fOD;wJYvm; }}]] [kwfuJY azaz jyefvmcgeD;NyD? OD;OD; tdrfxJ0ifxdkifav }}]] rxdkifao;bl; orD;&,f? orD;wdkYNcHu vSw,f? NcHudk MunfhOD;r,f }}rdk;rGm? wdrfrarSmif aeYwmSnfcsdef jzpfaomaMumifY naeonf vif;aeao;\/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu rsufpdvSnfhMunfhaecdkuf tdrfwGif;rS rdef;rwpfOD; ay:vm\/

]] EG,fEG,fOD; b,folvJ? bmudpvJ }}]] azYazYoli,fcsif;yg a':a':vS? udprSdbl; orD;eJY pum;ajymaew,f }}]] aMomf ...tdrfxJ 0ifxdkifcdkif;ygvm; }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu 0ifajym&onf/]] EG,fEG,fOD;u 0ifxdkifcdkif;ygw,f? uRefawmfu NcHudk MunfhcsifvdkYyg }}xdktcdkufwGifyif rmZ'g qD'ifum;tjymwpfpD;u NcHwGif;0ifvmonf/ um;u tdrfaSUr&yfbJ tdrftaemuf

ydkif;Sd um;*dka'gifqD wef;oGm;onf/abmvkH;ESifY upm;aeaom uav;u abmvkH;udk vTwfcsvdkufNyD; ]]azaz}}[k atmfum um;oGm;&modkY

ajy;vdkuf\/ umtwGif;rS toufajcmufESpftG,f uav;rwpfOD;u qif;vmNyD; ajy;vmaomuav;udk qD;zuferf;SKyfonf/

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefab;rS EG,fEG,fOD;u Sif;jyonf/]] qif;vmwmu rmrm? 'DaeY aq;kHudk olvdkufuvJY? 'gaMumifY 'DaeY orD;rvdkuf&bl;? tdrfapmifY&w,f }}]] aMomf ...aMomf? armifav; emrnfuaum }}]] xGef;xGef;wJY }}um;*dka'gifwGif;rS tom;nKdnKd t&yfjrifYjrifYESifY wifnGefY xGufvmonf/ a'gufwmrsKd;rGefudk owdjyKrdao;[ef

rwlbJ xGef;xGef;udk aumufcsD,l erf;onf/EG,fEG,fOD;u vSrf;ajymonf/]] azaz a[m'DrSm {nfhonf }}wifnGefYu vSrf;MunfhNyD; rsufvkH;jyL;oGm;\/]] a[Yaumif rsKd;rGef }}wifnGefYu ajcvSrf;usJBuD;rsm;ESifY avQmufvm\/]] rif; armfvNrKdifudk rvmawmYbl;qdk? tck b,fu ay:vmwmvJ? o&JvmajcmufwmawmY r[kwfygbl;aemf}}]] rl;,pfaq;0g;tE&m,f a[majymzdkY zdwfvdkYvm&wm }}]] [kwfvm; b,fwkef;u a&mufwmvJ }}]] okH;&ufSdNyD }}]] okH;&ufSdNyD? ckrS wkdYqDvm&ovm; }}

]] rtm;vdkYyguGm? ckvm&ifvJ NyD;wmyJ r[kwfvm; }}]] b,fNyD;rvJuG? tck rif; b,fwnf;ovJ? bmvdkY wdkYqD rwnf;vJ? vmr,fqdkwmvJ bmaMumifY taMumif;rMum;vJ }}


13/107

qufwdkufar;vkdufaom wifnGefY\ ar;cGef;rsm;udk rajzyJ a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu &,fae\/ xdkYaemuf pum;udkvSD;vTJNyD; ar;\/

]] rif; om;zGm;aq;kHu jyefvmwmvm; }}]] at; [kwfw,f? rif; b,fvdkvkyfodovJ }}]] EG,fEG,fOD; ajymvdkY }}

]] tm; rif;u orD;emrnfawmif odaeNyD? orD;eJY tzGJUusNyD;NyDaygY }}]] rif;orD;u odyfoGufvufw,f? NyD;awmY vSvJvSw,f }}]] vSqdk igYrdef;ruvJ vSwmudk;uG }}]] jrifYjrifY aeaumif;&JUvm; }}]] aumif;rSaumif;? igYrdef;ru usef;rma&; odyfaumif;w,f? wpfom;arG; wpfaoG;vS? tck av;om;arG;

av;aoG;vS? tysKdwkef;uxufawmif vSao;w,f }}wifnGefYajymykHudk oabmusaomaMumifY a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu &,f\/]] rif;rdef;rudk rif;awmfawmfcspfw,f xifw,f? [kwfvm; }}]] [ cspfvdkY,lxm;wJY rdef;rudk rcspfbJ aeygYrvm;? rif;odom;yJ? jrifYjrifYudk ig b,favmuf ydk;cJY&w,f

qdkwm? jrifYjrifYeJY igu rif;eJY 0g0gvdk [dk'if; i,fuRrf;cspf r[kwfbl;? vlysKdtysKdjzpfNyD;rS renf;BuD; ydk;cspfcJY&wm }}tdrfwGifrl a'gufwmrsKd;rGef r&,fawmY/ bmrQvnf; rajymawmY/]] a[Yaumif rif;rsufESmBuD;u bmjzpfoGm;wmvJ }}]] wifnGefY? rif;eJY jrifYjrifYtaMumif; rif;ajym? BuKdufoavmufajym? igeJY 0g0gYtaMumif;awmY rajymygeJY

oli,fcsif;? ig awmif;yefygw,f }}]] 'DavmufawmifyJvm;uGm }}]] at; 'DavmufawmifyJ }}]] rif; rdef;r&NyDvm; }}]] [ifYtif; }}]] vlysKdBuD;aygY }}]] tif; }}]] 'DavmufawmifwJYvm;uGm }}]] bmajymwmvJ }}]] igajymwm Sif;ygw,f? 'DavmufawmifyJvm;vdkY }}wifnGefYu olYpum; oloabmus[efjzifY &,f\/ olYvufay:rS uav;uvnf; zcif&,fojzifY

vdkuf&,fonf/ uav;&,foHu olYtm; xl;qef;aom cHpm;rSKwpf&yfudk ay;onf/ uJYodkY tjypfuif; oefYpifaom&,foHav;rsKd; rMum;zl;[k pdwfrSmxifonf/ uav;\ El;nHhaom qHyifav;rsm;u jzL0if;aeaom ezl;ay: 0Jusae\/ESmacgif;jym;jym;av;udk npfxm;oa,mifjzpfaeaom yg;rdkYrkdYav;rsm;u cspfzG,faumif;\/

]] ck jrifYjrifYu bmav;arG;vJ }}]] a,mufsm;av;uG? tck igYrSm om;ESpfa,muf orD;ESpfa,muf? orD;awGu tBuD;jzpfaewm uHaumif;w,f?

ckuwnf;u tazmf&vSNyD? aMomf a[Yaumif rif; at;at;aq;yJ r[kwfvm;? 'DrSm xrif;pm;oGm; }}]] at; ig at;at;aq;aq; pum;ajymzdkYvmwm }}wifnGefYu EG,fEG,fOD;udk ajymonf/]] orD;? OD;OD;u npm azazwdkYeJY xrif;pm;r,f? a':vSudk oGm;ajymaemf? 'Dn npmpm;r,fY {nfhonf

Sdw,fvdkY }}]] [kwfuJY azaz }}

]] uJ ...vm oli,fcsif;? tdrfxJ 0ifMur,f }}wifnGefYu xGef;xGef;udk tdrfazmfxH jyefay;cJYNyD; a'gufwmrsKd;rGeftm; {nfhcef;odkY ac:cJY\/]] xrif;rpm;cif bmaomufrvJ? bD,mvm; 0DpuDvm; }}


14/107

]] [ifYtif; igraomufbl;? vufzuf&nfMurf;aumif;aumif;&&if jzpfygw,f }}]] tcsKd&nfaum }}]] igrBuKdufbl;? vufzuf&nfMurf;awmY BuKdufw,f }}]] &ygw,fuGm &ygw,f }}wifnGefYu {nfhcef;rS xGufoGm;\/

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu jywif;0wGif &yfvsuf tjyifbufodkY Munfhonf/ NcHtjyifbufSd vrf;onf txufvrf;rBuD;rS cGJxGufvmum uGrf;a&uefbufoGm;aom vrf ;rSef; olrSwfrdonf/ aS;,cifu bufwGif NcHESifY dk;dk;tdrfrsm;om Sdonf/ ,ck 0if;opf wdkufopfrsm; wdk;aeNyD/

ra&mufonfrSm MumcJYaom armfvNrKdifNrKdUonf rsm;pGm ajymif ;vJaecJYonf/ cGJoGm;pOfu vlysKdvlvGwfjzpfaomwifnGefYyifvQif tdrfaxmifESifY om;ESifY orD;ESifY? rdrdonfom/

bD,moHAl;wpfvkH;ud k udkifvsuf wifnGefY jyef0ifvmonf/ tdrfazmfwpfOD;u avzdtm; tokH;jyKaom"mwfAl;BuD;wpfvkH;ESifY vufudkifudkif;ygaom yef;uefvkH; tao;pm;rsm; xnhfxm;onfh Aef;wpfcsyfudk pm;yGJykay:wifxm;ay;of/ jrnf;p&m tpm;taomufrsm;vnf; xyfa&mufvmonf/

wifnGefYu bD,maomufonf/ a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu vufzuf&nfMurf;aomuf\/

]] rif;uGm bD,mav; bmav;awmif raomufbl;vm; }}]] [ifYtif;? ig pD;u&ufawmif jzwfzdkY pOf;pm;aew,f }}]] t&ufvJ raomuf? aq;vdyfvJ raomuf? rdef;rvJ rSdawmYwJY armif*dkrm&Dudk vlYb0rS m bmvkyfzdkY

aewmvJvdkY csmcsDu ar;zl;w,f }}]] vlYb0rSm vkyfp&mawG trsm;BuD;Sdygw,f }}]] uxduBuD;? igYudk w&m;ra[meJY rif; bmvdkY armfvNrKdifudk jyefrvmovJ? 'gudk ajz }}]] igajzzdkY vdkao;vm; }}]] rarYEdkifbl;? pdwfemw,f? ta[mif;awG topfjyefjzpfr,f? 'Dvdkr[kwfvm; }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu rajz/ tNyKH;r[kwfaom tNyKH;wpf&yfudkom NyKH;ae\/]] rif; pdwfemr,fqdk&ifvJ pdwfemxdkufygw,f? [dkwkef;u tajctaerSm ajymwm? tcktcsdefrSm qdk&ifawmY

0g0g[m tifrwef oem;p&maumif;ygw,f }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGef wifnGefYudk Munfhumae\/ bmrQ jyefrajym/]] tck 0g0gYrSm rdbawG rSdawmYbl; }}]] aMomf ...[kwfvm; }}]] rif; rodbl;vm; }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu acgif;cgjy\/]] qkH;oGm;Muwm? aeOD; okH;ESpfavmufSdNyD? 1979 ckESpfavmufu aSUqifYaemufqifYyJ }}]] tJ'Dwkef;u ig EdkifiHjcm;a&mufaeNyD }}]] at; [kwfr,f? 0g0gYcrsm odyfpdwfxdcdkufoGm;Smw,f? qdk;wmu oleJY appyfxm;wJYvluvJ wjcm;rdef;r

wpfa,muf ,loGm;w,f }}wpfBudrfwGifrl a'gufwmrsKd;rGef ododomom vSKyfSm;oGm;\/]] b,fvdk 0g0g vufrxyfjzpfbl;aygY }}]] [ifYtif;? t[J vufxyfoGm;wmuawmY olYta': tysKdBuD; }}]] bmajymw,f }}]] iguvJ ajymcsifwmawGursm;awmY pum;u [dka&muf'Da&mufaygYuGm? 'Dvdk 'DvdkuGm olYtazeJY tar

kwfw&uf qkH;oGm;awmY 0g0g[m odyfpdwfxdcdkufoGm;NyD; usef;rma&;aMumifY aq;kHawGbmawG wuf&w,f? jrifYjrifYeJY

ig oGm;MunfhMuwmaygY? wdkYudkawGU&if olidkawmYwmyJ? bmrSawmY rajymbl;? olu bmaMumifYidkw,f qdkwmvJ wdkYuodygw,f? 'gayr,fY wdkYvJ bmrSrajymbl;? rdbqkH;wm wpfaMumif;? rusef;rmwmu wpfaMumif;aMumifY xifw,f?oleJY apYpyfxm;wJY tif*sifeD,m odef;aZmfeJY vufrxyfao;bl;? odef;aZmfuvJt*Fvefudk wpfESpfavmuf ynmawmfoif


15/107

oGm;&w,f? tJ'DtawmtwGif; olYta': tysKdBuD;u OD;wdwfMunfqdkwJYvleJY vufxyfw,f? armfvNrKdifu r[kwfbl;?Nrdwfbufu? pufavSydkifSifvdkvdk bmvdkvdk ajymwmyJ? at; olYta':vufxyfNyD; wpfESpfavmufMumawmY odef;aZmfvJEdkifiHjcm;u jyefa&mufvmw,f? 'gayr,fY 0g0geJY vufrxyfawmYbJ wjcm;rdef;rwpfa,mufeJY vufxyfoGm;w,f }}

wifnGefY\ aemufqkH;pum;wGif ikyfepfaeaom t"dyg,fygojzifY a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu rsufarSmifMuKwfumMunfhonf/

]] qef;wmu odef;aZmf,loGm;wJY rdef;uav;u 0g0gavmufvJ rvSbl;? 0g0gavmufvJ rcsrf;ombl; }}wifnGefYu t"dy g,fygyg NyKH;vdkufNyD; NyKH;vdkufNyD; a'gufwmrsKd;rGefudk Munfhae\/ a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu

tomt,m&,f\/]] 'gqef;ovm;uG m? rdef;rwpfa,mufeJY a,mufsm;wpfa,muf apYpyfxm;w,f? r,ljzpfMubl;? jzpfdk;

jzpfpOfawGyg }}]] rif; igajymwmudk oabmraygufbl;? jzpfdk;jzpfpOfrSmu ckvdkr[kwfbl;? apYpyfxm;wJY rdef;rudk r,lbJ

wjcm;rdef;rwpfa,mufudk b,ftcgrSm ,l MuovJ? aemufrdef;ru apYpyfxm;wYJ rdef;rxuf vSvdkY ,lw,f? 'grSr[kwfydkcsrf;omvdkY ,lw,f? 'grSr[kwf ydkvJvSNyD; ydkvJcsrf;omvdkY ,lw,f? [kwfw,f r[kwfvm; }}

a'gufwmrsKd;rGef rajzEdkif? twefav;MumrS ar;onf/

]] rif; bmajymcsifwmvJ wifnGefY }}]] taMumif;wpfck SdwJYtaMumif; ajymcsifwm }}]] bmtaMumif;vJ }}]] 0g0g[m [dk'if; rusef;rmbl;wJY }}]] 0g0g rusef;rmbl; }}]] ajymaeMuwmawmY pkHvdkYyJ? uJuGm wnfhwnfhyJ ajymawmYr,f? 0g0gYrSm pdwZa&m*g Sdaew,fwJY? tJ'g

odvdkY odef;aZmfu aSmifxGufoGm;wmwJY }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGef\ &ifonf xdwfueJ ckefoGm;\/ pdwZa&m*g/]] bmpdwZa&m*gvJ }}]] tm 'gawmY wdkYu pdwfynmq&mvJ r[kwfbl;? q&m0efvJ r[kwfbl;? wdkYodwmawmY pdwZa&m*gqdkwm

l;wmaygY }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu twefMumpGm idkifaeonf/ raeYnaeu BuKHcJY&aom tjzpftysufudk jyefowd&onf/0g0g/ pdwZa&m*g/]] rif;wdkY jrifYjrifYwdkY 0g0geJY rawGUMuawmYbl;vm; }}]] rawGUMuwmMumNyD? 0g0gu odyftjyifrxGufawmYbl;? olYta':eJY OD;av;uvJ tdrfawG {nfhonfawG

bmawG vmwm odyfrBuKdufbl; }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu raeYnaeu awGUcJY&aom vlBuD;udk jyefjrifa,mifaerdonf/ trSefu 0g0gwdkY tdrfom;

tm;vkH;udk rdrd jrifzl;onf/ xdkvlBuD;udkawmY rjrifbl;/ 0g0g\ta': cifyGef; OD;wdwfMunfqdkol jzpfayvdrfYrnf/]] 0g0gY ta': a,mufsm;u tck tdrfrSm awmfawmf MoZmanmif;aeovm; }}]] at; MoZmanmif;ykHyJ? 'gvJ rqef;bl;aygYuGm? 0g0gY ta':uvJ bmrS vkyfwwfudkifwwfwm r[kwfbl;?

0g0gY rdbawGuvJ rSdbl;qdkawmY olyJ tdrfaxmif tBuD;tuJ jzpfvmwmaygY }}]] olu bmvkyfvJ }}]] igajymNyD;yga&mvm;? pufavSydkifSifvdkY? ckvJ pufavSESpfpif;avmuf ydkifw,fMum;w,f? NyD;awmY 0g0gY

rdbydkifwJY 'l;&if;NcHawG? rif;*GwfNcHawG? a&mfbmNcHawG? qefpufawG Sdao;w,f? 'gawGudkvJ tck olOD;pD;ae&wmaygY}}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefonf vlBuD;o@mefudk jyefjrifa,mifrdjyef\/ 0g0gYtay: MoZmSd[efudkvnf; owd&onf/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu tawG;wdkYudk armif;xkwf&if; oufjyif;vTwfvdkuf\/

]] rif;u 0g0gwdkYtaMumif; bmvdkY igYudk ajym&wmvJ }}]] [m 'gawmYuGm? rif;udk jrif&if 0g0gYudk owd&w,f? 0g0gYudk jrif&if rif;udk owd&w,f? rif;eJYawGUawmY0g0gYtaMumif; igrajymbJ aeEdkifygYrvm;? NyD;awmY ...}}


16/107

wifnGefYu pum;rqufbJ tuJcwf[efjzifY a'gufwmrsKd;rGefudk Munfhonf/]] igb,fvdk ajym&rvJ rodbl;? 0g0g[m oem;p&maumif;wJY tajctaerSm Sdw,fvdkY ajym&r,f xifw,f?

rif;rSmvJ 0w&m;Sdrvm;vdkY }}]] 0w&m; }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGef\ &if emMunf;rSK jyefay:vmonf/ rsufESmyif tenf;i,f wif;oGm;\/

]] igYrSm bm0w&m;rS rSdbl;? 0g0geJY igYZmwfvrf;[m qkH;cJYNyD? aumif;aumif; qkH;cJYNyD? 'gudk rif;odygw,fwifnGefY }}

wifnGefYu NyKH;NyD; qdk\/]] Zmwfvrf;qkH;wdkif; oHa,mZOf[m qkH;ovm;? qkH;aum qkH;xdkufovm; }}]] bm&,f }}]] vGrf;wmudk emwmeJYqdkYwJY? ZmwfxJrSm ajymMuwm? 'gayr,fY b0qdkwm Zmwfr[kwfbl;? cGifYvTwfjcif;eJY

uif;NyD; cspfjcif;arwmudkvnf; teuft"dyg,f zGifYqdkvdkYr&bl; }}wifnGefYu at;csrf;pGmjzifY oufoufomom ajymonf/ odkY&mwGif olYpum;u a'gufwmrsKd;rGef\ tonf;

ESvkH;qD xdk;azmuf0ifoGm;onf/

]] 0g0gYrS m pdwZa&m*g S dovm;? rS dovm; ig twwfrajymEdkifbl;? 'gayr,fY pdwfxdcdkufavmufwJYtaMumif;awGawmY Sdw,f? rif;odygw,f? 0g0g[m rif;udk odyfcspfygw,f? rdbaMumifY rif;eJY a0;cJY&wJY b0rSm 0g0gpdwfcsrf;omr,fvdkY rif;xifovm;? wpfcg rdbESpfyg;vkH;[mvJ aSUqifYaemufqifY uG,fvGefoGm;Mujyefw,f? 0g0g[mtm;EGJUwJY rdef;uav;wpfOD;yg? NyD;awmY wpfOD;wnf;aom orD;? awmifBuD;NyKdNyD; anmifyifBuD;vJw,fqdkwJY pum;[m'Dae&mrSm okH;&r,f xifw,f? wpfcg apYpyfxm;wJYvluvJ wjcm;rdef;uav;wpfa,mufeJY ,loGm;w,f? 0g0gY b0rSmbmusefawmYovJ }}

a'gufwmrsKd;rGef idkifae&mrS NyKH;onf/]] rif;ajymwmawGud igrjiif;bl;? 'gayr,fY b0qdkwm udk,faG;cs,fwmuG }}]] b,fvdk }}]] vl[m udk,fYb0udk udk,fwm0efcHrSK Sd&w,f? b0rSm ta&;BuD;wJY qkH;jzwfcsufwpf&yfudk udk,fjyKNyD;&if

aumif;usKd;yJvmvm qdk;usKd;yJvmvm udk,fvufcH&r,f }}]] rif;pum;udk ig em;rvnfbl; }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu oufjyif;SKdufonf/ olY&ifwGif;rSm raumif ;/ ajym&rnfh pum;twGufvnf; raumif;/

BuKHcJY&onfhtjzpftwGufvnf; raumif;/]] wdkYrcGJMucif cspfwmudk y"mejyKNyD; b0rSm twlavQmufMuzdkY 0g0gYudk igawmif;yefcJYw,f? at;av rSm;vm;

rSefvm; rodbl;? igwwfEkdifwJY wJtdkysufqD 0g0gYudk igac:cJYygw,f? 0g0gu aTbkHudk rpGefYEdkifbl;? xm;awmY tJ'DtxdigcGifYvTwfEdkifao;w,f? 'gayr,fY odef;aZmfeJY apYpyfwmudk 0g0g bmaMumifY vufcHcJYovJ? aTbkHay:u ckefrqif;

Edkifwmudk igvufcHEdkifygw,f? wpfyg;ol &ifcGifxJ 0if&ufwmudkawmY igcGifYrvTwfEdkifbl;? igYudkMunfh? 0g0gYudk igrydkifEdkifawmYbl;? 'gayr,fY igYtonf;ESvkH;udk b,folYudkrS ray;bl;? igem;vnfxm;wJY cspfjcif;arwmppf&JU oabmu'Dtwdkif;yJ? 'gu igaG;cs,fwJYb0? ig ausauseyfeyfBuD; vufcHxm;w,f? 0g0gvJ olaG;cs,fwJYb0udk olvufcH&r,f}}

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefajymonfudk wifnGefYu pdwfSnfpGm em;axmifaeNyD;rS pum;tqkH;wGif acgif;udk jznf;nif;pGmcgonf/

]] rif;u t"dutcsufBuD; wpf&yfudk arYaew,f }}]] bmvJ }}]] rif;u a,mufsm;? 0g0gu rdef;uav;? tJ'D jcm;em;csufBuD; }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu wifnGefYudk ar;cGef;xkwf[ef Munfhonf/ xdktcdkufwGifyif EG,fEG,fOD;u tcef;wGif;

0ifvmNyD; olYzcifteD;wGif &yfonf/]] azaz xrif;yGJ jyifNyD;NyD? a':a':vScsnf; jyifwmr[kwfbl;? orD;yg 0dkif;jyifvmwm }}wifnGefYu olYorD;udk ,k,pGm zufNyD; a'gufwmrsKd;rGefudk ajym\/


17/107

]] igYorD;BuD;u odyftm;udk;ae&NyDuG? 'DrSm rsKd;rGef wdkYom;tzudk Munfhprf; }}wifnGefY\pum;udk a'gufwmrsKd;rGef em;rvnf/ odkY&mwGif olwdkYom;tzudkawmY Munfhrdonf/acsmarmvSyaom EG,fEG,fOD;onf cspfpzG,fNyKH;vsuf zcif\udk,fudkrSDum uEGJUuvs &yfaeonf/ orD;udk

ayGUzufxm;aom wifnGefY\rsufESmrSmvnf; yDwdokcjzifY Tef;a0ae\/]] orD; oGm;ESifYaemf? azazwdkY tckvmcJYr,f }}

EG,fEG,fOD; xGufoGm;rS wifnGefYu qdk\/]] vlysKdBuD; em;vnfatmif b0&JU trSefw&m;wpf&yfudk jyvdkuf&wm }}]] bm b0&JUtrSefw&m; }}]] at; om;orD;qdkwm b0&JU trSefw&m;wpf&yfuG? om;orD;udk cspfwmvJ b0&JU tvGeftiftm;BuD;aom

trSefw&m;uG? tck igYorD;av;[m i,fygao;w,f? 'gayr,fY wpfaeY igYorD;av; tG,fa&mufvmr,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm avmu "rwmtavsmuf wpfpkHwpfa,mufvufxJ tyfvdkuf&r,fqdk&if ig tawmfpOf;pm;&vdrfYr,f?igYorD;udk igYxufydkNyD; cspfygw,fqdkwJYvl avmurSm SdvdrfYr,fvdkY igawmY ,kHvdkYr&ao;bl; }}

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu rsufarSmifMuKwfNyD; ]]rif;bmawG ajymaewmvJ}}[k ar;\/]] rif; Sif;oGm;ygvdrfYr,f? ig qufajymOD;r,f? ckeifu ajymovdkyJ avmu"rwmtavsmuf igYorD;av;[m

igYudk cGJcGmoGm;wJYtcsdefrSm igYtwGuf tauseyfqk H; pdwftcsEdkifqkH;enf;eJY cGJcGmoGm;wmyJ igvdkcsifw,f? wpfenf;tm;jzifY tJ'g[mawmif igY&JU tedrfYqkH; qkawmif;uG }}

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu wifnGefYudk pdkufMunfhaepOf wifnGefY bmqdkvdkonfudk em;vnfoa,mifa,mif jzpfvm\/wifnGefYuom qufSif;\/

]] rif;vJ a,mufsm;av;? igvJ a,mufsm;av;? wdkY i,fi,fu cspfolawGUvdkY tcspftaMumif; pOf;pm;wJYtcgwdkY&JUtcspfudkom aSUwef;wifNyD; wdkY&JUtcspfudkom xdkufwefwmxuf ydkNyD; ae&mjrifYjrifYay; cspfwwfw,f? wjcm;olawG&JU tcspfudkawmY omrn vkyfcsifMuw,f r[kwfbl;vm; }}

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu rajz/ wifnGefUuom quf\/]] wdk Y omrn vkyfcsifMuwJY wjcm;olawG&JU tcspfqdkwm rdbawG&JU tcspfuG? wpfenf;tm;jzifY wdkYawG

wpfudk,faumif;qefMuwmaygYuG m? 0g0gu olYrdbxuf rif;udk ydkcspfw,fqdk&if rif;oabmusr,f? at; igvJjrifYjrifYu olYrdbxuf igYudk ydkcspfw,fqdk&if oabmuscJYwmyJ? 'gayr,fY igYorD;av;u wjcm;wpfyg;oludk igYxufydkcspfw,fqdk&if igY&ifxJ qdkYrdr,f xifw,f? uHaumif;wmu jrefrmrdef;uav;trsm;pk[m rdbarwmudk omrnrvkyfMuao;bl;? 0g0g[m tJ'Dvdk rdef;uav;rsKd;wpfOD;vdkY ig,kHw,f? tJ'DtwGufvJ ig om"kac:w,f? igYorD;av;vJBuD;vm&if 0g0gYvdk jrefrmtrsKd;orD;av;wpfOD;yJ jzpfvmygapvdkY igqkawmif;w,f? igYudk wpfudk,faumif;qefw,fvdkYrif;ajymrvm; }}

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu wifnGefY\ rsufESmudk tHYMopdwf wpf0ufESifY Munfh\/ rdrd i,fi,fuwnf;u aygif;oif;vmcJYaom oli,fcsif;/ onfoli,fcsif;u ,ck vlBuD;pum;ajymaeonf/ i,fi,fu odcJYaom oli,fcsif;ESifY

,ck oli,fcsif;Mum;wGif jcm;em;jcif; BuD;pGmSdaeNyDjzpfaMumif; rdrd odonf/ wNyKdifeufwnf;rSmyif oli,fcsif;\pum;wdkY xl;qef;aom tiftm;wpfck SdaerSef; owdvnf; jyKrdonf/]] rif; tckajymcJYwJY pum;rsKd; ig wpfcgrS rMum;zl;ao;bl;? av;av;pm;pm; em;axmifaew,fvdkY ig 0efcH

ygYr,f? 'gayr,fY wpfckawmY ar;yg&ap }}]] ar;yg ar;yg }}]] rif; bmaMumifY 'Dpum;awGudk igYajymae&ovJ }}]] 'guawmY Sif;ygw,f? 0g0gYudk pOf;pm;wYJtcgrS m SKaxmifYtopfwpfckuae jyefpOf;pm;apcsifw,f?

twdwfu Oyg'gefuif;wJY SKaxmifYwpfckuaygYuGm? tck rif;[mu vGefw,f? tjypfrJYwJY arG;&yf Zmwdajrudkawmifrkef;ovdk jzpfaew,f }}

]] arG;&yfZmwdajrudk ig rrkef;ygbl;? rrkef;vdkYawmif ...}}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu pum;&yfoGm;\/]] rrkef;vdkYawmif bmjzpfovJ }}


18/107

]] 'Dudk ajymif;zdkY trdefYusNyD;om;? uxduwpfOD;u EdkifiHjcm;oGm;zdkY taG;cH&w,f? olYudk ajymifay;NyD;rSEdkifiHjcm; vTwfvdkuf&if armfvNrKdif'D*&DaumvdyfrSm q&mtiftm; avsmYoGm;r,f? 'DawmY vlBuD;awGu igjzpfjzpfwjcm;wpfa,mufa,mufudk jzpfjzpf 'Dajymif;ay;zdkY pOf;pm;aeMuw,f }}

]] rif;u rvmcsifbl;aygY }}]] [kwfw,f? rvmcsifbl;? 'gayr,fY ZmwdajrqD jyefrvmcsifwJYtwGuf igtjypfSdw,fvdkY igcHpm;rdjyefw,f?

'gaMumifY tck tcGifYoifYwkef; wpfacgufvmMunfhw,f qdkygawmY }}]] 'DawmY ...}}]] igY&ifrSm cHpm;rSKawG pkHaew,f }}]] b,fvdk pkHaewmvJ }}]] ig rajymjywwfbl; }}wifnGefYu bD,mAl;udk csvdkuf\/]] rif;&ifxJrSm cHpm;rSKSdwmudk ig em;vnfEdkifygw,f? 'gayr,fY igajymovdk SKaxmifYtopfwpfcku aeNyD;

pOf;pm;yg? Oyg'gefuif;NyD; 'Dajymif;vmr,f qkd&ifawmY tenf;qkH; jrifYjrifYeJY igwdkYuawmY odyfaysmfrSmyJ? uJ ...xrif;oGm;pm;Mur,f }}

wifnGefYwdkYtdrf xrif;pm;cef;u us,f0ef;oefYjyefYonf/ kwfw&uf jyifqifonfqdkap [if;trnfpkHaumif;rGefonf/ odkY&mwGif b,f[if;uaumif; b,ft&omSdonfudk a'gufwmrsKd;rGef owd txl;rjyKrd/ olowdjyKrdonfum; orD;ESifY taz/

EG,fEG,fOD;u xrif;0dkif;udk pdk;rdk;ol tdrfSifr {u&Dav;[efjzifY 0w&m;tjynfh aqmifGufonf/ wifnGefYESifYrdrdtjyif pm;aomufolrsm;rSm rmrmESifY xGef;xGef;jzpfonf/ EG,fEG,fOD;u rpm;ao;/ aemufrS pm;rnf[k qdkonf/armifi,fjzpfol xGef;xGef;\ yef;uefwGif; [if;xnfhay;onf/ rmrm rrDaom [if;yef;uefudk ay;onf/ wifnGefYESifYrdrdwdkY yef;uefwGif xrif;ukefvQif udk,fwdkif vdkufjznfhay;onf/

EG,fEG,fOD;onf rdrdvkyfudkifaeonfudk rdrd auseyf[efjyaeonf/ rsufESmav;u MunfvifNyD; Tifysaeonf/olYzcifudk jyKpkcsdef ydk MunfvifTifjyonf/ wifnGefY\ rsufESmwGifvnf; yDwdESifY *kPf,lrSKwdkY vQrf;a0aeonf/

xrif;pm;aomufNyD;aemf wifnGefYwdkYtdrfrS a'gufwmrsKd;rGef jyefcsdefwGif nOf h udk;em&DcefY SdNyD/ wifnGefYudk,fwdkif um;armif;NyD; a'gufwmrsKd;rGef wnf;cdk&m armfvNrKdif 'D*&Daumvdyf {nfh&dyfomodkY ydkYay;onf/

a'gufwm ausmfazu jyefra&mufvmao;/wifnGefY jyefoGm;aomtcg {nfh&dyfomwGif a'gufwmrsKd;rGef wpfOD;wnf; usef&pfonf/rtdyfcsifao;/ tdyfvnf; &rnfr[kwf/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu {nfh&dyfomrSxGufNyD; t"dywdvrf;rBuD;twdkif; ausmif;BuD;Sd&m awmifbufodkY

avQmufvmcJYonf/ vrf;rBuD;\ wpf0uf em*0Hoacsmif;udk jzwful;xm;aom wHwm;Sdonf/ t*Fawcif;vrf;utkwfabmif umxm;aom wHwm;ay:rS ajy;onf/ tkwfabmif umxm;aom wHwm;udk taSUbufrS ,SOfvsufaqmufxm;onfh vloGm; opfom;wHwm;Sdonf/

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu opfom;wHwm; vufwef;udkrSDaxmuf &yfem;onf/ acsmif;wGif;rS a&pD;oHvGifvGifMum;&onf/ va&mifxdk;aom ae&mwGif prf;a&onf NyKd;NyKd;jyufjyufae\/

ausmif;zGifYcsdef r[kwfao;ojzifY ywf0ef;usifwGif vloljywfvsufSdonf/ nonf at;csrf;Nidrfoufoa,mifSdaomfvnf; okOf;qdwfawmYrae/ a&pD;oH vGifvGifu Sdonf/ nOfhiSufav;rsm;\ toHvnf; Sdonf/

t&dyfSdawmY va&ifvnf; Sd&rnf/ jrwfpGmbk&m; ...rdrd &ifrS va&mifonf tb,frnfaom va&mifygenf;/

a'gufwmrsKd;rGef aumif;uifudk armYMunfhonf/vu xdefxdefomaeonf/ aMomf ...rdk;nvudk xdefxdefomonf[k ajymcGifYSdygoavm/ taMumif;rSm

wdrfwdkYu Sdaeonf/wdrfjzLwdkYvnf; jzwfoef;onf/ wdrfrnf;wdkYvnf; vTrf;jzwfonf/ wdrfwdkYvGefaomf vrif;u jyefxdefonf/b,foif;u vTrf;rdk;aom trSefw&m;enf;/ vrif;avm ...wdrfavm .../


19/107

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu 0rf;enf;pGmNyKH;\/wdrfuvnf; Sdonf/ vuvnf; Sdonf/ wdrfuif;aom vrif;BuD;omSdvQif aumif;avpG/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu va&mifwpf0uf t&dyfwpf0ufSdaom O,smOfqDodkY Munfhonf/rdrd&yfae&m vuf,mbufSd O,smOf uHYaumfyifysKdwdkYSdrSef; rdrdodonf/ onfO,smOfu vGefaomf ausmif;BuD;

txd oG,fwef;aeaom pdefyef;yifwef;/

va&mifwGif jzpfojzifY pdefyef;yifeDeDwdkYudk cGJjcm; rjrifEdkifNyD/ odkY&mwGif pdefyef;yifeDeDwdkYrl Sdaernf/&J&JeDaom pdefyef;yif/ NyD;awmY cspfaom ...0g0g/aMomf ...tNyD;owfusawmY onfqDygyJwum;/pdefyef;eDeDESifY 0g0g/ 0g0gESifY pdefyef;eDeD/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu vrif;qD jyefarmYMunfhonf/xdkcPwGifyif aemufqkH; jrifawGUcJY&aom 0g0g\ rsufESmav;u pdwftmkHwGif ay:vmonf/onfrsufESmav;rS rsufvkH;rsm;u pum;ajymaejyefNyD/ onfpum;awGudkvnf; rdrd em;vnfonf xifonf/

,ckn aiGva&mifwGif ydkem;vnfvmonf xif\/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu oufjyif;csonf/

rdrd odNyD? rdrd&ifcGifrS va&mifudk rdrd odNyD/ onfaiGva&mif\ tSdw&m;udkawmY vufcH&awmYrnf xifonf/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu av;eufpGm pOf;pm;&if; {nfh&dyfombufodkY jyefavQmufvmcJYonf/raeYwkef;uawmY rdk;GmxJrSm vrf;avQmufjcif;/ onfnusawmY va&mifatmufrSm vrf;avQmufjcif;/rdk;GmxJrSm vrf;avQmufonfxuf pmvQif? va&mifatmufrSm vrf;avQmufjcif;u ydk t"dyg,fSdonf

xifonf .../xifonf .../


ukef;jrifYxdyfSd pdefyef;yifBuD;\ yifpnfaemuf uG,fuG,f&yf&if; a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu ,JY,JYNyKH;rdonf/[dkwpfaeYuawmY t"dyg,frJY onfae&mudk a&mufcJYonf/ onfnaerSmawmY rdrd&ifwGif t"dyg,fSdonf

xif\/ t"dyg,frJY a&mufcJYpOfu pdwfu vGwfvyfonf/ ,ckawmY pdwfu rvGwfvwf/ cdk;aMumifcdk;0Suf tvkyfwpfckudk vkyfrdouJYodkY cHpm;&onf/

rdrd&yfae&mrS MunfhvQif wpfaeYu 0g0g vmcJYaomvrf;udk aumif;pG m pD;jrifae&onf/ xdkrSmbufuvSrf;MunfhvQif pdefyef;yifBuD;udk jrifonfxm;/ yifpnfESifY uG,faeaom rdrdudkrl jrifEdkifrnfr[kwf/

rdrdu rdrdukd,fudk rnfol rjrif&ef umuG,faeoenf;/ twGufrl rdrd rajzwwf/ rdrdudk vlrjrifapcsif/rdrdu bmudk arQmfvifYaeoenf;/ ar;cGef;udkvnf; rdrd rajzEdkif/ wpfpkHwpfckudkawmY awGUEdk;xifonf/xdkwpfpkHwpfcku tb,fenf;/ rod/ xdkrodaom wpfpkHwpfckudk awGUvQif bmvkyfrnfenf;/ rajymwwf/

onfnaewGif rdk;rnKd/ wdrfwdkYrl vSy,Ofaus;pGm Sdae\/ taemufbufaumif;uif aejcnfonf aT&nfaoG;yif ajy;aeao;\/

om,maom rdk;nae/ cspfolvm&mvrf;udk vSapwwfaom rdk;nae/cspfolom rvmyg/ aMomf ...vmaomfvnf; cspfol r[kwfawmYygwum;/cspfol r[kwfawmY/ tawG;u rdrdudk rMumcP ESdyfpufonf/ tawG;onfvnf; rSefyg\avm/

odkYr[kwf rSefygao;\avm/ odkYr[kwf rSefygao;\avm/ rSefonfqdkvQif rdrd ae&m bmaMumifY bmvmvkyf

aeoenf;/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu tajzray;Edkifaom ar;cGef;wdkYudk acgif;wGif;rS armif;xkwfypfonf/ opfyifudk tuG,ftumjyKvsuf cspfolvm&mvrf;qDodkYom vSrf;Munfh\/ rdrdarQmfvifYcsuf rSefonf/ wpfpkHwpfa,muf vmvdrfYrnf[k


20/107

rdrdu arQmfvifYxm;onf/ xdkwpfpkHwpfa,mufonf rnfoljzpfvdrfYrnf[krl rdrdrod/ ,ckawmY odNyD/a0;aom ajredrfYSd vrf;0g0grS OD;wdwfMunf ay:vmonf/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu rdrdudk rjrifatmif owdxm; umuG,fNyD OD;wdwfMunfhqD vSrf;Munfhae\/yxraomf OD;wdwfMunfonf a`Erysuf avQmufvmae\/ opfyifpkav;wpfckSd&m ta&muf trlt,m

vkH;0ajymif;oGm;onf/

OD;wdwfMunfh aSUaemuf 0J,m wpfckvkH;udk pl;prf; tuJcwf[efjyKonf/ xdkYaemufrS vrf;twdkif; qufavQmufrvmawmYbJ ukef;jrifYtajc awmifbufydkif;Sd csKHawmrsm;twGif;odkY vsifjrefpGm 0ifoGm;onf/

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefrSm kwfw&ufaomf a0cGJr&/ OD;wdwfMunfonf vrf;dk;twdkif; bmaMumifY qufavQmufrvmoenf;/

cPwGifyif [dkwpfaeYnaeu OD;wdwfMunf ay:vmykHud k a'gufwmrsKd;rGef owd&onf/ OD;wdwfMunfkwfw&uf ay:vmcJYonf/ ay:vmonfrSmvnf; rdrdwdkY\ aemufausmrS/ xdkpOf rdrdESifY 0g0gwdkYonf taemufbufodkYrsufESmjyK xdkifaeMuonf/ OD;wdwfMunfu rdrdwdkY ausmcdkif;xm;&m taSUt&yfrS ay:vmjcif;jzpfonf/ vrf;utaemufbuf Sdonf/ vrf;rS avQmufvmcJYaomf OD;wdwfMunfudk rdrdwdkY BuKdwifjrif&rnf/ 0g0g ay:rvmciftwefMumuyif rdrdonf pdefyef;yifBuD;atmuf &yfaecJYonf/ xdkpOfuvnf; taeufbufSd vrf;rS OD;wdwfMunf

vmcJYonfukd rdrd rawGUrd/ odkYqdkvQif rdrdwdkY ausmcdkif;xm;&mbuf OD;wdwfMunfonf tcsdeftwefMumuyifBuKdwif a&mufSdESifY&rnf/ odkY a&mufSd&ef vm&mvnf; vrf;dk;u vm[efrwl/

,ckrl OD;wdwfMunf rnfonfhvrf;rS vmcJYonfudk rdrd odNyD/ rdrd uG,f&yfaeaom pdefyef;yifBuD;\ awmifbufudkufig;q,fcefYSd vQKdi,ftwGif;rS acsmif;onf pD;qif;oGm;\/ acsmif;wpfbufurf;Sd ukef;ajrrSm csKHxlaomfvnf;vlwdkY aumif;aumif;oGm;vmEdkifonf/ trSefum; opfyifrckwf&ef wm;jrpfxm;aom awmif0dkif;awmifay:rS xif;cdk;ckwfolwdkYonf csKHawmrsm;Sd vrf;rsm;udk tokH;jyKMuaMumif;udk rdrd rSwfrdonf/

OD;wdwfMunfonf xdknaeu xdkvrf;rsm;rS vmcJYonf jzpfvQif acsmif;wpfbuf ukef;xdyfa&mufonfESifYwNyKdifeuf rdrdudk OD;wdwfMunf jrifvdrfYrnf/ rdrdu OD;wdwfMunf tjrifrcHvdk/ xdkolESifY xyfvnf; rqkHcsifao;/

a'gufwmrsKd;rGef\ rsufvkH;rsm;u ukef;edrYftajcSd ajrvrf;0g0gqD jyefa&mufoGm;onf/yef;a&mifvSvSwpfcku a'gufwmrsKd;rGef\ rsufvkH;rsm;udk pkzrf;qGJ,lonf/ tpaomf ta&mifrQom/ tmkH

pdkufrdrS yef;a&mifr&ifYw&ifY xbDESifY tusudk 0wfqifxm;aom rdef;rysKdwpfOD;jzpfrSef; odonf/0g0g[kawmY xifonf/ rdrdyif pdwfpGJNyD; pdwfvSnfhpm;cHaeonfavm rod/ o@mefav;u Munfhavav?

0g0gESifY wlavav jzpfonf/onfudk,fo@mef/ onfudk,f[ef onftrlt&m? uGefysLwm\ trSwfonmbPfyrm a'gufwmrsKd;rGef\

pdwfwGif; wpfae&mrS wpfpkHwpf&mu 0g0gjzpfaMumif; ajymaeonf/qkH;jzwfcsufwpf&yfudk csvdkufNyD; a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu pdefyef;yifESifY acsmif;Mum;Sd awmcsKHrsm;qDodkY vsifjrefpGm

ul;vmcJYonf/ acsmif;euf urf;yg;twefjrifYaom ae&ma&mufrS acsmif;wGif;odkY qif;vdkufonf/acsmif;a&u rrsm;ao;/ acsmif;urf;pyf wpfavQmuf avQmuf&onf/tuG,ftum aumif;&mrSaeNyD; a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu acsmif;wpfavQmufudk pl;pdkufMunfhonf/OD;wdwfMunfvnf; acsmif;wGif;rS avQmufvmEdkifonf/ tu,f olavQmufvmcJYaomf ESpfOD;om;

&ifqdkifwdk;Edkifonf/odkY&mwGif acsmif;wGif; vl&dyfvla,mif rawGU&/t&dyftajcudk auseyfavmufatmif tuJcwfNyD;rS a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu acsmif;twdkif; taemufbufodkY

ajy;vmcJYonf/rdrdu 0g0gYudk vrf;rS qD;jzwfzrf;vdkonf/ ukef;jrifYodkY rwufrD ajr0gvrf;onf acsmif;udkjzwf&m acsmif;

urf;yg;ESifY urf;yg;ay:rS awmcsKHrsm;aMumifY ukef;jrifYay:rS pD;Munfhaomfvnf; xkdae&mudkrl rjrifEdkif/ xkdae&mrS

0g0gYudk rdrd zrf;&rnf/&nfrSef;xm;aom xdkae&ma&mufaomtcg a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu csKHtuG,frsm;rSae ukef;jrifYbufodkYtvsifMunfhonf/


21/107

0g0gYudk rawGU&/ ae&mudk jzwful;NyD; ukef;jrifYqDodkY a&mufaevQif 0g0gYudk awGU&rnfomjzpf\/awmfygao;\/ rdrd tcsdefrDonf/ 0g0gonf ae&mav;udk rjzwf&ao;/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu 0g0gay:vmrnfh vrf;bufodkY Munfhonf/0g0gYudk awGU&onf/a'gufwmrsKd;rGef\ &ifrSm ckefvmonf/

rdrd rSef;qcsuf rudkuf/ 0g0gonf ae&mav;udk vGefoGm;NyDavm/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu ukef;jrifYqDodkY Munfhjyefonf/vrf;0g0gudk vnf;aumif;? pdefyef;yifBuD;udk vnf;aumif;? aumif;pGm vSrf;jrif&onf/aMomf ...olYudkyif vSrf;jrif&onf/OD;wdwfMunf/OD;wdwfMunfu pdefyef;yifBuD;atmufwGif &yfaeavonfwum;/0g0gYudkom rawGU&/0g0g b,fa&mufoGm;NyDenf;/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu ywf0ef;usifwpfckvkH;qD rsufvkH;a0Y0dkufNyD; Smonf/ apmapmwkef;uuJYodkYyif ta&mif

av;udk pawGUonf/ yef;a&mif ...vSyaom yef;a&mif/tBudrfwGifrl yef;a&mifo@mefav;udk arQmfvifYrxm;aom ajrmufbufSd aumvdyfe,fajrtpyfwGif

awGU&onf/rarQmfvifYaom tajctaeonf a'gufwmrsKd;rGefudk rsm;pGmaom pdwfauseyfoGm;ap\/ taMumif;um;

0g0g a&mufSdaeaom ae&mrS m aumvdyfe,fajrudk jzwfpD;aom em*0Hoacsmif;teD;wGif jzpfonf/ xdkae&mSdjr&mESifY ouf&if;csKHwdkYu vlwpf&yfausmf jrifYonf/ pdefyef;yifqDrS rnfodkYyif MunfhMunfh 0g0gYud k OD;wdwfMunfjrifEdkifrnf r[kwfacs/

rdrd ,ck&yfae&mESifY 0g0gSd&m ae&mMum;wGifum; csKHenf;NyD; ajrjyefYonf/ odkY&mwGif rwwfEdkif/ pGefY&ayrnf/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu OD;wdwfMunf Sd&modkY vSrf;Munfhonf/OD;wdwfMunfh rdrdbuf ausmapmif; apmif;ay;vsuf &yfaeonf/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu oGufvufpGmjzifY uGif;ajymifudk jzwful;onf/ yxrqkH; awGU&aom csKHuG,fwpfckwGif

&yfNyD; OD;wdwfMunfqD Munfhjyefonf/OD;wdwfMunfu rdrdbufodkY ausmcdkif;jrJ cdkif;vsufwnf;/OD;wdwfMunf Munfhae&m taSUajrmufbuf av,mOfysHuGif; tpGef;ESifY awmifydkif;awmifajcoGm;aom

um;vrf;Sdonf/odkYqdkvQif OD;wdwfMunfonf ,aeYnae 0g0gYudk vmapmifYae[efrwl/ odkYqdkvQif rnfolYudk vmapmifY

Munfhaeoenf;/

tcsdefukefcH tajzudk a'gufwmrsKd;rGef awG;MunfhraeawmY/csKHuG,frS xGufvdkufNyD; ajrajymifvGwfonftxd vsifjrefpGm avQmufvmcJYonf/ em*0Hoacsmif;odkYa&mufaomtcgrS ykef;vQKd;uG,fvQKd; rvkyfawmYbJ oGufoGufav; ajy;onf/

yef;a&mifo@mefav;udk jyefawGU&onf/em*0Hoacsmif;onf aumvdyfe,fajr tv,fta&mufwGif a&wHcGefav;wpfck jzpfaeonf/ a&wHcGef

atmuf uefozG,f a&tdkifSdNyD; vlwpf&yfausmf eufonf/a'gufwmrsKd;rGef\ &ifwGif; 'dkif;ueJ aqmifYoGm;onf/[dkwpfnaeu 0g0gonf bmudkrS rod? bmudkrS jrif[efrwlbJ? tdyfrufwGif; vrf;avQmufoluJYodkY

avQmufcJYonf/ acsmif;udkvnf; acsmif;[k od[efrwlbJ jzwful;onf/ csKHudkvnf; csKH[kod[efrwlbJ jzwfwdk;onf/

,ck naewGifvnf; twkdif; avQmufcJYaomf .../a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu 0g0gYqD tajy;oGm;onf/wpfBudrfwGifrl 0g0gu ajcoHMum;xifonf/ acgif;av;iJY vSnfhMunfhonf/


22/107

cPrSmyif 0g0gu vrf;avQmufjcif;udk &yfvkdufNyD; olYudk &yfMunfhae\/oluvnf; 0g0gYaSUwGif &yfvdkufNyD; rsufESmav;udk Munfhonf/0g0gYrsufvkH;rsm;u tHYMo[ef 0ef;0dkif;aeonfrSwyg; MunfvifjymTef;ae\/ eDjref;aom ESKwfcrf;jynfhjynfh

azmif;azmif;av;rsm;uvnf; r[w[ Sdonf/]] udkrsKd;yg 0g0g }}

0g0gYrsufESm 0if ;0if;ay: va&mifudkvnf; awGUvdkuf&onf/ wdrf&dyfudkvnf; jrifvdkuf&onf/ bmrQawmYpum;rjyef/ olYudkom pl;pdkufMunfhaeonf/

a'gufwmrsKd;rGef\ rsufvkH;rsm;u 0g0g\ ajcaxmufav;rsm;qD a&mufoGm;onf/ wpfBudrfwGifrl 0g0guckHjrifYzdeyfjzLjzLav;udk pD;xm;\/

]] aMomf ...0g0g vrf;avQmufovm; }}0g0gu acgif;av;ndwfjy\/]] 0g0gYaemufu vdkufMunfhwJY tazmf rygbl;vm; }}0g0gu vm&mvrf;qDodkY jyefMunfhNyD; acgif;av;cg\/]] rjrarqdkwJY rdef;ru 0g0gYaemufu ygrvmbl;vm; }}

]] r ...rygbl; }}]] aocsm&JUvm; }}0g0gu vm&mvrf;qD 'kwd,tBudrf jyefMunfhNyD; xpfxpfaigYaigYav; ajz\/]] ol ...olwdkY aeY aeYwdkif; 0g0gYudk rMunfhygbl; }}]] aMomf ...aeYwdkif; rMunfhbl;? 'gjzifY b,ftcgMunfhvJ }}0g0gu rajz? acgif;uav; ikHYoGm;NyD; rsufvkH;rsm;u ajrBuD;qD pdkufxm;\/]] OD;wdwfMunfudkawmY awGUvdkuf&w,f }}0g0gY wpfudk,fvkH; wkefvSKyfoGm;\/]] ol ...ol b,frSmvJ }}]] [dk; ...pdefyef;yifBuD;qDrSm }}0g0gu pdefyef;yifwnf&m t&yfqDodkY vSrf;Munfhonf/ a'gufwmrsKd;rGefudk jyefMunfhaomtcg 0g0gonf

tenf;i,f jyefwnfNidrfaeNyD/]] ol tJ'Dae&mudk 'DvdkyJ oGm;wwfw,f }}]] [kwfvm; bmoGm;vkyfovJ }}0g0gu olYudk ai;Munfhonf/ xdkYaemuf acgif;cg\/0g0gYtrlt,m ,kHMunfzG,f&mudk olrawGU/olu 0g0g\ vufarmif;av;wpfbufudk tomt,m udkif\/

]] 0g0g vrf;avQmufvmwm r[kwfvm;? vm qufavQmufMur,f }}0g0gu rkef;? vSKyfawmYvnf; rvSKyf? rsufvkH;0ef;0ef;jzifYom olYudk Munfhae\/]] 0g0g rSwfrdvm;? a[m[dkrSmav uHYaumfyifav;awG Sdw,f? armif tJ ...udkrsKd;wdkY tJ'Dudk oGm;&atmif}}olu 0g0g\ rsufvkH;rsm;udk pdkufMunfhNyD; ajymjcif;jzpf\/0g0guvnf; olYudk twefMum pdkufMunfhaeonf/ xdkUaemuf rsufvTmcs acgif;ikHYNyD; olac:&modkY qdwfNidrfpGm

vdkufvmcJYonf/aumvdyf taqmufttkHBuD;\ taSUbufwGif opfyif0dkif;aom jrufcif;jyifSdonf/ jrufcif;jyifonf

ajrmufbufESifY taSUbufodkY ajyajy edrfYavQmqif;oGm;&m tedrfYqkH;tydkif; em*0Hoacsmif; jzwfpD;onf/ acsmif;ra&mufrDwGif wef;pdkufxm;aom uHYaumfyifysKdrsm; Sdonf/

olu 0g0gYudk uHYaumfyifysKdwpfyif\ tajcwGif xdkifap\/ oludk,fwdkifrl rxdkifbJ uHYaumfyifpnfudk vufwpfzufjzifY udkifvsuf &yfae\/


23/107

ywf0ef;usifonf aS;uESifY rwlawmYonfudk ol owdjyKrdonf/ aS;url acsmif;uav;onf rjyKrjyifaom acsmif;dkif;av;jzpfonf/ acsmif;qdkonfxuf prf;acsmif;[k ac:vQif ydkrSefrnfxif\/ aEGqdkvQif a&rSd/,ckuJYodkY arvOD;wGif rdk;wpfNyKdufESpfNyKduf Gmaomf prf;vdkufNyD; a&pay:onf/ rdk;BuD;csdef awmifa&usaomtcgum;acsmif;av;onf a'gowBuD; pD;wwfonf/ awmifusa& pJoGm;aomf prf;a&om pdrf;jymvJYvJY usefavonf/

,ckum; ol&yfae&mrS awmifbuf udkufwpf&mcefYwGif acsmif;udk uefYvefYjzwf ydwfqnfxm;aom

wmdk;BuD;udk awGU&onf/ wmdk;tv,fwGif t*Faw qnfwHcg;aygufBuD; Sdaeonf/ wmdk;apmif;wavQmufwGifvnf;jzLazG;aom ausmufwkH;rsm;udk pDcsxm;onf/

ae&mwGif qnfaqmuf uefwl;aeaMumif; olodonf/ ,ckyif awmifbuf reD;ra0; uHaumfNcHwGif;&yfem;xm;aom bD;wyf uRJdkif;pufBuD;wpfvkH;udk awGU&onf/

ol&yfae&mrS pD;jrif&aom prf;acsmif;av;onfvnf; aS;ESifYrwlawmY/aS;url prf;acsmif;av;u usOf;onf/ a&vnf;eufonf/ ,ckum; prf;acsmif;u us,fNyD; ausmufwkH;

ausmufcJav;rsm;ay:wGif jyefYvsuf wdrfwdrfpD;qif;aeonf/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu oufjyif;SKduf\/ ywf0ef;usonf aS;uESifY rwlyg/ rdrdwdkYESpfOD;vnf; aS;uESifY rwlyg/[dkwkef;uawmY onfae&ma&mufvQif pum;rsm;udk aemufrS ajymMuonf/ yg;csif;tyf arT;SKdufMuonf/

&ifcsif;tyf axG;ydkufMuonf/ NyD;awmYrS ...pum;rsm;/ rqkH;Edkif? rqkH;csifaom pum;av;rsm; .../a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu acsmif;[efYNyD; pum;ajymonf/]] 0g0g 'Dbufudk 'DvdkyJ vrf;avQmufvmavY Sdovm; }}0g0gu jznf;nif;pGm olYudk armYMunfhNyD; ajz\/]] tjrJrvmygbl;? vmvJ rvmcsifygbl; }}tajzu dk;dk;av;yif jzpf\/ odkY&mwGif olY&ifu emusifxdcdkufoGm;\/ odkY&mwGif prdNyD/ rxl;NyD/]] [dk pdefyef;yifBuD;qDawmY rSefrSefoGm;ovm; }}0g0gu olYudk Munfhjyefonf/]] bmjzpfvdkY ar;wmvJ }}]] aMomf ...[kd'if;av? [dkaeYu 0g0gYudk tJ'DrSm awGUcJY&w,f? NyD;awmY ...'DvdkyJ 0g0g vrf;avQmuf

wwfw,fvdkY ajzcJYw,f }}0g0gu olYxHrS rsufvkH;vTJoGm;\/ bmrQawmYrajz/ olu 0g0gY wpfudk,fvkH;udk pdkufMunfhonf/0g0g\ xbDESifY tusu wpfqifwnf; wpfaoG;wnf; jzpf\/ ta&mifu c&rf;a&mifbuf ,drf;aom

yef;a&mif&ifY&ifYav; jzpfonf/ t0wftpm;\ ta&mif[yfojzifY 0g0g\ tom;av;rsm;rSm yef;Eka&mif ajy;oa,mifSdonf/ 0g0g\ wpfudk,fvkH;rSm yef ;yGifYav;wpfyGifYvdk vSyaeonf/ odkY&mwGif vef;qef;aom yef;yGifYav;rl r[kwf/

0g0g\ vufav;rsm;u rodrom wkefaeonf/ ab;wdkufjrif&ojzifY xifSm;aumYysHaeaom rsufawmifSnfrsm;atmufSd rsuf0ef;jymjymwGif rsuf&nfrsm; 0dkif;aeonf/

]] 0g0g udk,far;wmudk ajzygOD; }}0g0gu oufjyif;av;cs\/]] 0g0g rajzEdkifwmawGudk udkrsKd; bmvdkY ar;&wmvJ }}]] 0g0gu bmudk rajzEdkifovJ }}0g0gu rvSKyf/ rsufvkH;rsm;rS rsuf&nfwdkYom aygufaygufusvmonf/ 0g0g xdkifae&maSUrS uefwl;xm;aom

ajredrfYjzpf\/ a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu ajredrfYqD qif;vdkufNyD; 0g0gESifY rsufESmcsif;qdkifonf/ 0g0gYvufav;rsm;udk qkyfudkifNyD;ajym\/

]] 0g0g udk,fwdkY 'Dae&mrSm MumMum pum;ajymcG ifY&r,f rxifbl;? OD;wdwfMunf[m 'Dbufudk avQmufrvmbl;vdkY rajymEdkifbl;? 'DawmY ...udk,fajymrSmawGudk em;axmifprf; }}

0g0gu rsufawmifaumYrsm;wGif rsuf&nfOvsufom;ESifY olYudk Munfhonf/ olY&ifrSm ukPm jynfhvmonf/cspfol ...bmyJjzpfjzpf cspfcJY&ol .../ ,ckvnf; .../


24/107

]] udk,fwdkY bmawGjzpfcJYMuw,fqdkwm arYypfvdkufyg? tenf;qkH;awmY udk,fwdkY[m oli,fcsif;a[mif;awGyg?udkf 'Drvmwm MumygNyD? ckvJ cPvmwmyg? eufjzefqdk udk,fjyef&awmYr,f }}

0g0gu olYudk aMumifaMumifav; ai;Munfhaeonf/ olu 0g0gYrsufvk H;rsm; acw pmzwfMunfhonf/aMuuGJ&dyfa,mifa,mif awGU&onfxif\/

]] udk,f 0g0geJYawGUzdkY rarQmfvifYygbl;? 'gayr,fY rarQmfvifYbJ awGUcJY&w,f? rarQmfvifYwm em;rvnfEdkifwmudk

awGUcJY&w,f? 0g0g bmawG BuKHcJY&w,fqdkwmudkvJ wifnGefYajymjyvdk Y udk,f odoif YorQ odNyD;cJYygNyD? udk,f tckodcsifwmu 0g0g bmjzpfaeovJ? 0g0gYudk udk,f bmulnDEdkifovJ? ajymyg 0g0g }}

0g0g\ rsufawmifaumYrsm;u okH;av;Budrf ykwfcwf vSKyfSm;vmonf/]] udkrsKd; tck 'Dudk cPvmwmvm; }}]] tif; ...[kwfw,f }}]] NyD;awmY b,fudk jyefrSmvJ }}]] &efukefudkyg? udk,f tck &efukefwuokdvfrSm }}0g0gu nifompGm oufjyif;csonf/ rsufESmav;rSm NyKH;a,mifa,mif jzpfvm\/]] udk,f 'Dudk wpfacgufrS rjyefbl;aemf }}

tBudrf tajzray;bJ NidrfaeolrSm a'gufwmrsKd;rGef jzpf\/]] udk,f wuodkvfrSm q&mjzpfaewmudk 0g0g Mum;ygw,f? 0g0gwdkY oli,fcsif;xJu q&mjzpfNyD; armfvNrKdif

aumvdyfudk jyefajymif;vmMuw,f? udk,fawmY rvmbl; }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGef &if wpfrsKd;wpfrnf xdcdkufoGm;\/0g0g ajymonfrSm rSef\/ armfvNrKdifZmwd bGJU&olwdkY wuodkvfq&mjzpf e,fajymif;&vQif armfvNrKdif

aumvdyfodkYom aG;cs,fajymif;avYSdonf/ tcsKdUqdkvQif tcsdefapY &efukefajymif;cGifY &onfhwdkifatmif ravQmufawmYbJ armfvNrKdifaumvdyfwGifom tjrJwrf; wm0ef,lwwfMuonf/ rdrdu okyfjyq&mtjzpfESifY e,fajymif;&pOfu jrpfBuD;em;aumvdyfudk aG;cJYonf/

]] udk,f e,fudk wpfcgyJ ajymif;&ygao;w,f? NyD;awmY EdkifiHjcm; oGm;cJY&w,f }}0g0gu olYudk pdkufMunfhaeonf/ pum;rajymaomfvnf; rdrdtajzudk r,kHMunfaMumif; azmfjyaeonf

xif\/]] aumif;NyD udk,f trSefajzr,f? udk,f 'Dudk jyefrvmcsifbl;? jzpfcJYwmawG jyefawG;&if udk,frvGefbl;xifw,f}}rarQmfvifYaom tajzudk 0g0gYxHrS Mum;vdkuf&onf/]] [kwfygw,f? udk,frvGefygbl; }}olu 0g0gYudk Munfhonf/ 0g0gYtoGifu xl;xl;qef;qef;av; wnfNidrfae\/]] tJ'gawG xm;yg 0g0g? udk,fajymcJYovdkyJ NyD;cJYwmawGudk arYypfvdkufMu&atmif? 0g0g tck bmjzpfaeovJ}}]] 0g0g bmjzpfaevdkYvJ }}

]] ar;cGef;udk ar;cGef;eJYjyefajzwm &yfyg 0g0g? 0g0g wpfckck jzpfaew,f? 0g0g aeraumif;bl;? [kwfw,fr[kwfvm; }}0g0gu rajz/ rsufESmav;u ododomom nKd;usoGm;\/]] ajzav 0g0g }}]] 0g0g aeraumif;bl;vdkY udk,fYudk b,folajymovJ }}]] b,folrS ajymzdkYrvdkygbl; 0g0g? [dkwpfnaeu tjzpfudk 0g0g bmajymcsifovJ? 0g0gu vrf;avQmufw,fvdkY

ajymw,f? 0g0g dk;dk; vrf;avQmufvmwm r[kwfwm udk,f tapmBuD;wnf;u jrifw,f? NyD;awmY 0g0g wpfcsdefutifrwefaMumufwJY oDvSifocsKif;bufudk bmaMumifYoGm;ovJ? udk,fu 0g0gYudk vufqGJvdkufwJYtcgrSm bmaMumifYowdvpfoGm;&ovJ }}

0g0g\ acgif;av;u ikHYusoGm;onf/twefMumatmif acgif;ikHYxm;NyD;rS 0g0gu olYudk armYMunfh\/0g0g\ rsufvkH;rsm;wGif rsuf&nfrsm; jynfhae\/ tHav;vnf; rodrom Budwfxm;\/


25/107

]] 0g0gYudk 'Dudk ac:vmwm 'gawG ar;csifvdkYvm; }}olu acgif;ndwfjy\/]] udk,frrSwfao;bl;vm; }}]] bmajymw,f 0g0g }}0g0gu emMunf;rSK ay:vGifaom tNyKH;av;udk NyKH;\/

]] wpfcsdefu 0g0gYaMumifY udk,f 'kuaumif;aumif; &cJYNyD;NyD? ckwpfcgxyfNyD; udk,f'kurSmeJYawmY }}]] 0g0g bmawG ajymaewmvJ }}]] 0g0gajymwm Sif;ygw,f? udk,fYudk 0g0g 'kuray;csifbl;? udk,fvJ 'kuxyfrvdkcsifygeJYawmY? 'Dae&mav;qD

0g0g vdkufcJYwm tJ'g ...tJ'g ajymcsifvdkYyg }}0g0gu vufav;rsm;udk olYvufwGif;rS kef;EkwfvdkufNyD; ae&mrSvnf; xvdkuf\/]] tdk ...0g0g? aeOD;av }}0g0gu acgif;av;cg\/]] udk,f 'DrSmyJ ae&pfyg? 0g0g xyfpdwfrqif;&Jyg&apeJY? 0g ...0g ...}}0g0gYtoHu wdrf0ifoGm;onf/ olbmrQ rvkyfEdkifrD 0g0gu csmueJvSnfhum ae&mrS xGufajy;oGm;onf/

olu aMumifusef&pfonf/ cPMumrS ajredrfYrSae urf;yg;ay: wuf&onf/ajrjyefYSd uHYaumfyifav;atmuf ola&mufcsdef 0g0gu twef a0;a0;a&mufoGm;NyD/ tajy;vnf; r&yfao;/ol bmvkyf&rnfenf;/ 0g0gYaemuf ajy;vdkuf&rnfavm/aumvdyf0if;twGif; naecif; vrf;avQmufolrsm; Sdaeonf/ajy;aom rdef;rysKdwpfa,mufaemuf rdrduvnf; ajy;vdkufvQif jrifolawG bmxifukefMurnfenf;/ol csDwkHcswkH jzpfaecdkufrSmyif aemufrS toHxGufay:vm\/]] udk,fYvl bmvkyfaewmvJ }}olu xdwfvefYwMum; vSnfhMunfhvdkufaomtcg ESmacgif;BuD;BuD;? rsufrSefBuD;BuD;ESifY a'gufwmausmfaz\

o@mefudk jrif&\/]] [m ...q&muvJ vefYvdkufwm }}a'gufwmausmfazu w[J[J &,fvsuf olYteD;odkY csOf;uyfvm\/a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu tSufajy ar;\/]] q&m vrf;avQmufvmovm; }}]] vrf;avQmufvmNyD; xdkifw,f? NyD;awmY armif&ifYqD vrf;avQmufvmw,f }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu rvkHrvJ[efjzifY a'gufwmausmfazudk Munfhrdonf/a'gufwmausmfazu rvSrf;rurf;Sd ykHyef;use vSyaom opfyifBuD;wpfyifudk nTefjyonf/]] tJ'Dopfyifudk vdrfyifvdkY ac:w,f? emrnfawmY rvSbl;? tyifuawmY tifrwefvSw,f? ywf0ef;usif

uvJ vSawmY aq;wHcJNyD; xdkifZdrfcHaewm? vdrfyifatmufu vmayr,fY udk,f rvdrfbl;? armif&ifwdkY pkHwGJudkjrifw,f? rMunfhrdatmif BuKd;pm;ayr,fY rMumcPawmY rsufvkH;u armif&ifwdkYqD a&mufrdw,f? aqm&D;yJ }}]] tm; ...uRefawmfwdkY pum;ajymMuwmyg }}]] rSefygYAsm rSefygY? pum;ajymMuwmyg? udk,fjrifygw,f? [wf ...[wf ...t[J }}acsmfvJa&mxdkifvkyfNyD; a'gufwmrsKd;rGefvnf; &,f\/]] 'Daumvdyfu q&mrvm;? acsmawmY tawmfacsmw,f armif&if }}]] q&mr r[kwfygbl;? uRefawmfY [dk'if; ...oli,fcsif;a[mif;yg }}]] armif&if oli,fcsif;a[mif;vdkY avmurSm rSdbl;? oli,fcsif; wpfcgjzpfrd&if b,fawmYrS ra[mif;bl;?

tJ ...cspfola[mif; qdkwmawmY avmurSm Sdw,f }}

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu &,fvsuf tSKH;ay;onf/]] [kwfygw,f uRefawmfY cspfola[mif;yg }}


26/107

]] 0efcH&if awmfygNyD? udk,f bmrS qufrodcsifawmYygbl;? udk,fYvl tck bmvkyfrvJ? rdef;uav;aemufvdkufrvdkYvm; }}

a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu 0rf;enf;pGm acgif;cgjy\/]] vdkufzdkY rvdkawmYygbl; q&m }}]] rSefw,f? ajy;olaemuf vdkuf&mrSm tu,f ajy;olonf rdef;uav;jzpftYH? armif&if t&dyfaemufudk

vdkufovdkyJ jzpfrSmyJ }}a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu aMuuGJpGm NyKH;\/]] 0g0g[m t&dyfeJYwlaom rdef;uav; r[kwfygbl; q&m? t&dyfaemufudkvJ uRefawmf vdkufzdkY rvdkygbl;?

taMumif;uawmY uRefawmfY&ifxJrSm olYt&dyfu tjrJSdaew,f }}]] tm ...tJ'g 'ku }}]] [kwfygw,f q&m? tJ'g 'kuyg }}a'gufwmausmfazESifYtwl a'gufwmrsKd;rGefu aumvdyf {nfha*[mbufodkY jyefavQmufvmcJYonf/ae0ifcsdefuscgrS wdrfwdkYu nKdUwufvmNyD; rdk;aumif;uifu rnf;arSmifvmonf/apmapmu &ifxJwGif t&dyfSdonf[k a'gufwmausmfazudk rdrd 0efcHcJYonf/ rSefonf/ rdrd&ifwGif;rSm

0g0gYt&dyf tjrJSdcJYonf/aMomf ...onfwpfBudrf armfvNrKdifrS jyefvQif &ifwGif;rSm t&dyfru/ rdk;arSmifarSmif rnf;ava&mYrnf/


armifESifY aemufqkH;awGUvdkuf&aom naeu rdk;rarSmifyg/ ,cknaewGifawmY rdk;arSmifaeonf/aMomf ...&ifwGif;rdk;u ydkarSmifvSyguvm;/0g0gonf &ifwGif; tm;i,fnKd;EGrf;aom a0'emudk cHpm;vsufESifY ywf0ef;usifudk Munfhonf/rdrdwdkYtdrfBuD;u BuD; jrifYonf/ NcHBuD;uvnf; us,fonf/ rdrdxdkifae&mtxuf rdk;xm;aom rif;uGwfyif

uyif tGuf xlxyfodyfonf;NyD; xkxnfBuD;onf/ rdrdwpfa,mufuom ao;i,faeonf/avmuBuD;qdkonf rnfrQ BuD;us,foenf;/rdrd rawG;vdkyg/ NcHBuD;ESifY tdrfBuD;wdkYuyif BuD;vGef;vSNyD/ rdrdukd,fudk ao;i,fonf[laom todaMumifY

pdwftm;u i,fonf/ pdwftm;i,faomaMumifY rdrdukd,fuvnf; ydki,fonf xifonf/wpfaeYu uHYaumfyifatmuf SdpOfurl tm;i,fpdwfwdkY acwaysmufuG,faecJYonf/ tJonfwkef;uawmY

armifSdonfudk; .../

0g0gu 0rf;enf;yrf;enf; acgif;av;cgonf/armif ...r[kwfyg/ armif r[kwfawmYyg .../ [dk; ...wpfnaeu owdvGwf rdrdu armif ...[kac:rdonf/ olu wnfwnfBuD;jzifY udkrsKd;yg [kqdkcJYonf/

armifYudk tjypfrwifvkdyg/ tm;vkH;u rdrdtjypfyg/ rdrdtjypfudk rdrdom cHrnf/ rdrdb0wGifvnf; armifrvmygESifYawmY/ rdrdb0u armifESifY rwefawmYNyD/

0g0gu emMunf;pGm NyKH;onf/aMomf ...rdrdb0qdkonfrSmvnf; tb,fudk ,ckac:&ygawmYrnfenf; .../ tm;i,fi,fESifY

wpfudk,fwnf; Sdae&aom ,cktjzpfavm .../odkYr[kwf rif;&JoD[ESifY SifaxG;\ avmuavm .../

awG;vsufESifYyif 0g0gonf idkifidkifav; jzpfoGm;\/rif;&JoD[ESifY SifaxG;wdkY wu,fSdyg\avm .../ rdrdtwGufawmY olwdkY wu,fSdonf/ olwdkYud k rdrdjrifawGU&onf/ olwdkY ajymaompum;rsm;udk rdrd Mum;&onf/ olwdkY\ cHpm;rSKrsm;udkyif rdrd em;vnf udk,fcsif;pm


27/107

cHpm;&onf/ aMomf ...olwdkY\ vQKdU0Sufonfh ESvkH;om;Zmwfvrf;av;rsm;udkyif rdrd odweforQ odaeNyD/rif;&JoD[ESifY SifaxG;wdkY\avmuwGif ab;rS yGJMunfholtjzpf rdrd SdpOfwGifum; rdrd tm;i,fnKd;EGrf;pdwfawG

rSdawmY/ rdrdu yGJMunfholyg/ vSKyfSm;Mu? cHpm;MuolawGu ...olwdkYawG/ rif;&JoD[ESifY SifaxG;wdkYawG/ yGJMunfhy&dowfwpfOD;taeESifYawmY cHpm;rSKSdonf/ odkY&mwGif cHpm;rSKu tiSm;cHpm;rSK? udk,fESifYrqdkifvS/ udk,fu bmrQawmYSKH;rSKjrwfrSK rSdvdkuf/ aMomf ...pdwf0ifpm;zG,f Sd&ao;onf/

cPrSmyif 0g0gonf xdwfvefYwkefvSKyfoGm;onf/ESpfb0? ESpfavmu Sdaeaom rdrdonf ,cifu 0g0g r[kwfawmY/ armif ...odkYr[kwf udkrsKd;ESifY wefaom

0g0g r[kwfawmY/ rdrdonf .../0g0gonf rsufESmav;udk vuf0g;av;rsm;ESifYtkyfvsuf SKdufidkrdonf/ikdrdonfrSm cP .../ toHu vmnf/ rdrd aumif;pGmrSwfrdaom toHu vmonf/yxrrl wdk;wdk;oJYoJY .../ aemuf ...w0D;0D;ESifY pl;Svmonf/ us,fvnf; us,fvmonf/ eD;vnf;

eD;vmonf/0g0gu ae&mrS kwfw&uf xvdkufNyD; aumif;uifqD Munfhonf/aumif;uif wdrfvdyfwdkY w&dyf&dyfwufvmnf/ ywf0ef;usif wpfckvkH;rSmvnf; nKdrSKdif;rSKdif; jzpfaeonf/

toHu ydkjyif;xefvmonf/ jyif;xefaomtoHu aumif;uifESifY avxkwGif;rSvmonf/0g0g aumif;pGm rSwfrdonf/ rkefwdkif;rusrD wdkufvmaom avoH/0g0g xdkifae&mESifY tdrfu twefav; a0;onf/0g0gu xdwfvefYpGm wpfcsufatmfvdkufNyD; tdrfqDodkY ajy;onf/]] trav; }}wpfpkHwpfa,mufu qD;ayGUzrf;,lvdkufojzifY 0g0g vefYzswf atmfrdjcif;jzpfonf/]] orD; 0g0g bmjzpfvmjyefNyDvJ }}OD;wdwfMunfu 0g0gYudk xdef;xm;&if;u at;csrf;pGm ar;onf/]] [kd'if; ...[dk ...[dktoHBuD; }}]] aMomf ...rkefwdkif;usoHvm; }}]] [kwf ...[kwfw,f }}OD;wdwfMunfu aumif;uifudk armYMunfhNyD; tomt,m &,f\/]] aumif;uifrSm wdrfawGSdayr,fY rkefwdkif;t&dyfta,mif bmrS rSdygbl;uG,f? NyD;awmY OD;av;awmY bmoHrS

rMum;&ygvm; }}tdrfaemufydkif;bufrS rjrarvnf; xGufvmonf/]] 0g0g bmjzpfovJ tpfudkBuD; }}OD;wdwfMunfu rajzbJ oufjyif;csNyD; ar;\/

]] jrar eifbmMum;vJ }}]] Sif ...}}]] eif bmMum;vJvdkY igar;aew,f }}]] uRefr bmMum;vJ? [ifYtif; ...uRefr bmrSrMum;bl; }}rjraru OD;wdwfMunfudk wpfvSnfh? 0g0gYudk wpfvSnfh MunfhNyD;ajzonf/OD;wdwfMunfu 0g0gYrsufESmav;udk Munfhonf/ OD;wdwfMunf\ rsufvkH;rsm;u El;nHhaysmYaysmif;

Muifem&dyfrsm; jyae\/]] aeraumif;wJYtcgrSm 'DvdkaygY orD;&,f? bmrS aMumufvefYraeeJYaemf? jrar 0g0gYudk tdrfxJac:oGm; }}0g0gu rjrarudk aMumifaMumifav; ai;Munfhaeonf/ rjraru vuarmifav;udk w,kw, qGJNyD;

ac:aomtcg 0g0gonf NidrfNidrfuav; vdkufygvmcJY\/ rjraru 0g0gYudk tdyfcef;wGif;Sd ckwifay:wGif vSJtdyfap\/tdyfcef; jywif;rsm;u yGifYaeonf/tjyifbufqDrS toHBuD;udkrl rMum;&awmY/


28/107

]] a':jrar? wHcg; ...wHcg;awG ydwf ...ydwf ...ydwfay;yg }}rjraru em;vnf pmem[efjyK acgif;ndwfjyNyD; jywifwHcg;rsm;udk ydwfay;\/rjraronf 0g0gYxH csOf;uyfvmNyD; 0g0g\&ifudk prf;Munfhonf/ 0g0g\ &ifwdkY w'dwf'dwf ckefaeonf/]] 0g0g odyfaMumufaeovm; }}0g0gu acgif;ndwfjy\/

]] 0g0g bmudk aMumufwmvJ }}0g0gu tHav;BudwfNyD; rjrarudk Munfhonf/rdrd rajzvdk/ ajzonfudkvnf; olwdkYr,kH/0g0gonf acgif;tkH;ay: rsufESmarSmuf idkonf/ tcef;xGuf;rS rjrarxGufoGm;oHudk 0g0g Mum;onf/pdwfysuf0rf;enf;ae&mrS 0g0gonf xdwfvefYjyefonf/acgif;tkH;rS rsufESmcGmNyD; acgif;av;udk armY? vnfwdkifav;udk qefYNyD;? 0g0gu em;pGifYaxmifonf/ toHudk

jyefMum;&\/wHcg;ydwfvsuf SdonfhMum;rS toHudk rdrdMum;onf/ olwdkYurl rMum;bl;qdk\/0g0g\ em;wGif; w0D0DtoHudk Mum;ae&pOfwGif acgif;rSmvnf; rl;a0a0 jzpfae\/

xdkpOfwGif jywif;wHcg;wpfcsyfu kwfw&uf jyefyGifYonf/ jyif;xefaom avusoHu wdk;0ifvmonf/ckwifxufrS 0g0gu ckefqif;vdkufonfh cPrSmyif wHcg;0 rjraray:vmonf/rjrar\vufwGif; vSyaom Aef;uav;wpfcsyf udkifxm;\/rjraru yGifYaeaom wHcg;qD vSrf;MunfhvdkufNyD; tomt,m qdk\/]] aMomf ...wHcg;u jyefyGifYoGm;wmudk;? udprSdygbl;? 0g0g pdwfNidrfaq; aomufvdkufaemf }}Aef;wGif;S d yef;uefjym;av;wpfcsyfay: tjzLa&mif aq;jym;av;jym;ygonf/ Aef;wGif;0,f

a&wpfzefcGufvnf; ygvmao;\/0g0gu aq;jym;av;rsm;udk ,l a&ESifY aomufcsonf/rjraru Aef;av;udk pm;yJGay: wifxm;vdkufNyD; ckwifqDjyefvm 0g0gYudk vSJtdyfaponf/]] tdyfaysmfatmif tdyfvdkufyg 0g0g? bmawGrS pdwfrul;eJY? aMomf ...rif;&JoD[wdkY? SifaxG;wdkYtaMumif;vJ

avQmufawG;raeeJYaemf }}rif;&JoD[ESifY SifaxG;? 0g0gu rjrar\ vufudk tomudkifrdonf/]] ol ...olwdkYudk a':jrar? r ...rjrifbl;aemf }}rjraru rajz/ 0g0gYudkom NyKH;NyKH;av; Munfhaeonf/]] 0g0g avQmufwJYaemufu a':jrar ygvmwmyJ? a':jrar rjrifbl;vm; }}]] tJ'g 0g0g ajymvdkY uRefr od&wmav? jrifawmY rjrifbl;? 'gayr,fY ...}}0g0gu a':jrarudk arQmfvifYwBuD;ESifY Munfhonf/

]] 'gayr,fY Zmwfvrf;av;u pdwf0ifpm;zdkY aumif;w,f? 0g0g tdyfruf rufwmawmY r[kwfygbl;aemf }}]] 0g0g tdyfruf rufwm r[kwfygbl;? olwdkYudk wu,fjrifwm? tdk ...0g0g ajymwm b,folrS ,kHMurSmr[kwfygbl; }}

rjraru 0g0g\ vufuav;wpfbufudk ,k,pGm udkifonf/]] uRefrawmY ,kHygw,f 0g0g }}]] a':jrar wu,f ,kHw,f }}]] 0g0g vdrfajymaewm r[kwfbl;qdkwm uRefr ,kHygw,f? 'gayr,fY 'gawGudk arYypfvdkufyg 0g0g? NyD;awmY

'DtaMumif;awG 0g0geJY ajymwmudk udkBuD;uvJ rBuKdufbl;? rryGifYuvJ rBuKdufbl; }}]] a':jrar ajymovdk olwdkY[m OpmapmifYawG bmawGrsm;vm;? OpmapmifYawGu bmvdkY 0g0gYudk vmvm

jy ...jy ...&ovJ }}rjraru 0g0g\ yg;pyfav;udk vufz0g;wpfzufESifY ydwfNyD; tcef;0qDodkYvnf; vSnfhMunfhonf/]] wdk;wdk; 0g0g? uRefr ajymrdwm tpfudkBuD;wdkY odoGm;&if 'Dtdrfay:u uRefr acgif;eJY qif;&vdrfYr,f }}


29/107

jywif;rS avu at;jrjrav; 0ifvmaeonf/ apmapmu toHudk rMum;&awmYaMumif; 0g0g owdjyKrd\/rjraru csnfapmifyg;yg; wpfxnfudk 0g0gYudk,fay: vTrf;ay;\/]] tdyfvdkufyg 0g0g? rtdrfcsifvJ rSdef;NyD; em;vd kuf? uRefr a[m[d krSm xdkifNyD; apmifYaeygYr,f? bmrS

raMumufeJYaemf }}rjrar tcef;wGif;Sd ukvm;xdkifwpfvkH;ay:wGif oGm;xdkifonf/

0g0gu rsufvkH;av;rsm; zGifYvsuf jcifaxmifacgifrdk;udk Munfhaeonf/bmrSraMumufESifY [laom rjrar\ aemufqkH;pum;u em;wGif usefaeonf/bmudk aMumuf&rnfenf;/ 0g0gonf &if bmaMumufpdwfrS rSdawmYonfudk owdjyKrdonf/ aMumufrdaom

apmapmu toHBuD;vnf; rSdawmY/0g0g\ pdwfawGrSm vGwfvyfaygYyg;vmonf/ jrifawGUorQ tm;vkH;uvnf; Munfvifaeonf/ jcifaxmif

acgifrdk;jzLjzLonfyif Munfvifvmonf/aMomf ...Munfvifaom rdk;aumif;uif/ wdrfjzLjzLwdkYrl Sdaeonf/ wdrfjzLjzLwdkYonf yg;yg;vTmvTm aygYygY

yg;yg;ESifY tjyma&mifvGifaom aumif;uifMunfMunfrSm aGUaGUav; vGifYaeMuonf/0g0gu rjrar xdkif&mbufodkY Munfhonf/

rjrarvnf; rSdNyD/ ukvm;xdkifvnf; rSdNyD/ aMomf ...tcef;vnf; rSdNyD/jrufcif;av;u pdrf;Ekaeonf/ wdwfoGm;NyDjzpfaom rdk;\ rdk;a&pufrsm;u jrufcif;ay:wGif usef&pfae[ef

wlonf/ aea&mifwGif rdk;a&pufrsm;u wvJYvJY vufaeonf/ pdrf;aom jrufcif;ay:wGif aea&mifrS aT&nfonfoD;oefY wpfxyfajy;ae\/

0g0g\ &ifwGif; auseyfrSKav;u odrfarGUpGm 0ifvm\/tul;tajymif;u uJYodkYyif jrefonf/ onfrSmbufESif Y [dkrSmbufud k jcm;qD;xm;rSK b,ftcsdefu

aysmufoGm;onfudk b,fwkef;urS rodvdkuf&/0g0gu vJavsmif;ae&mrS xonf/ rdrdvJavsmif;&mrSmvnf; ukwif r[kwfawmY/ bJpmjruf pdrf;pdrf;xlxlwdkY

vTrf;tyfaom ajrjyifom jzpf\/0g0g xrdonfrS m tcsdefrD jzpf\/ taMumif;rSm jrif;cGmoHoJYoJ Yonf csLoHav;rsm;ESifYtwl ay:vm

aomaMumifY jzpfonf/ 0g0g &yfae&mteD;wGif jrjrarSmifatmif pdrf;aom tGufrsm;ESifY tkyfaumif;vSaomuRJwnif;yifBuD; wpfyifSdonf/

0g0gu uRJwnif;yifBuD;\ yifpnfwGif uyfuG,fNyD; toHvm&mbufodkY Munfhonf/ jrufcif;jyifonfprf;acsmif;av;wpfck\ urf;yg;wGif Sdonf/ prf;acsmif;u taSUbufqDodkY pD;qif;aeonf/

prf;acsmif;\ wzufurf;wGif jrif;pD;orm;wpfOD; ay:vm\/jrif;pD;orm;rS toufav;q,fausmfcefY SdNyD/ OD;acgif;wGif yef;Eka&mif yk0gpnf;xm;onf/ qHyifwdkYu

eufarSmifNyD; tkyfaumif;onf/ aoQmifud k acgif;xufwGif cyfapmif;apmif; xkH;xm;\/ rsufESmu tenf;i,f

jym;ouJYodkY ESmacgif;uvnf; jym;onf/ rsufvkH;rsm;u usOf;onf/]] Adkvf&u }}0g0gu wdk;wdk;Gwfonf/ wNyKdifeufrSmyif rdrdtyg;rS vSKyfSm;oHudk 0g0g Mum;&\/ toufokH;q,fcefY

rdef;rwpfOD;u 0g0gYudk pdkufMunfhaeonf/ jroDwm .../0g0g rwkefvSKyf/ jroDwmudk rdrdodonfrSm MumNyD / trSefawmYvnf; onfbufavmuqD rdrd pawGUolrSm

jroDwmyifjzpfonf/ onfbufavmuqD a&mufwdkif; jroDwmudk awGU&jrJjzpfonf/jroDwmu rodrom acgif;ndwfjyNyD; jrif;pD;orm;xH vSrf;Munfhonf/jrif;pD;orm;u prf;acsmif;udk ul;vdkufNyD; jrif;ay:rS qif;um jrif;\ wifyg;udk tomykwf vTwfvdkufonf/

jrif;u jznf;nif;at;aq;pGmjzifY jruf ppm;onf/

jroDwmu uRJwnif;yifBuD;atmufrS xGufvdkufojzifY 0g0gvnf; vdkufvmcJYonf/ jrif;pD;orm;u jrufcif;ay:wGif xdkufvdkufNyD; OD;acgif;iJY vSnfhMunfh ESKwfqufonf/]] MumNyDvm; a&mufwm }}


30/107

olu jroDwmudkom pum;ajymonf/ 0g0gYudkrl jrif[efrwl/jroDwmu rajzbJ olYteD;wGif 0ifxdkif\/ 0g0gvnf; jroDwm teD;yif xdkifvdkuf\/]] udk&uwdkY b,fwkef;u jyefa&mufvJ }}]] raeYnu }}]] [Hom0wD aejynfawmfu tajctaeawG b,fvdkvJ }}

]] Nidrf;Nidrf;csrf;csrf;yJ }}]] wu,f ...}}]] ig;ql'g,um rif;w&m;&JU bkef;awZm[m crnf;awmf qifjzLrsm;Sif&JU bkef;awZmvdkyJ BuD;rm;ygw,f

jroDwm }}]] 'gudk uRefr odygw,f? 'gayr,fY ,kd;',m;rSm tcif;rvScJYwJY udp }}]] tdkY[dk ...ppfyGJrSm tdrfaSUawmfbk&m; usvdkY cP wyfqkwfcJY&wmudk ta&;rcsJUygeJY? ,dk;',m;om;awG[m

usKyfwdkY awmifilwyfawmfaemuf vdkuf0HYvdkYvm; }}]] uReffr ar;wmu aejynfawmf&JU tajctaeyg }}]] Nidrf;Nidrf;csrf;csrf;yJvdkY usKyfajzw,f r[kwfvm; }}

jroDwmu Adkvf&u\ rsufESmudk apYapYMunfhonf/]] 'gayr,fY SifYrsufESmu TifTifysys rSdbl; }}Adkvf&u acw Nidrfae\/]] usKyfrsufESm rTifyswmu rif;&JoD[eJY SifaxG;aMumifY }}]] bmjzpfvdkYvJ }}Adkvf&uu rajz/ twefMum NidrfaeaomaMumifY ...]] bmjzpfvdkYvJ }}]] SifwdkYwyfawmf aejynfawmf jyefMu&awmYrvm;? [kwfvm; }}]] rjyef&ygbl;? wyfawmfudk xyfawmif tm;jznfhOD;rSm }}]] xyftm;jznfhOD;r,f ...}}]] [kwfw,f }}]] b,fvdkvJ rif;w&m;BuD;udk,fwdkif xyfcsDawmfrlrvdkYvm; }}]] usKyf bmrS rajymvdkbl;? rif;a&;&meJY ppfa&;&mudk jroDwm rar;&if aumif;r,f }}jroDwm acw idkifidkifav; jzpfoGm;\/ xdkYaemufrS avat;at;ESifY qdkonf/]] rif;a&;&meJ Y ppfa&;&mudk uRefr rar;0HYygbl;? odvJ rodvdkygbl;? 'gayr,fY rif;&JoD[eJY SifaxG;wdkY

udpawmY uRefr odcsifw,f? odxdkufw,f }}]] [kwfw,f jroDwm odxdkufw,f? usKyfvJ 'gajymcsifvdkY }}Adkvf&uu ajymrnfhpum;rsm;udk pOf;pm;[efESifY Nidrfae\/ jroDwmu Adkvf&u\ trlt,mudk tuJcwf[ef

Munfhaeonf/0g0guvnf; Adkvf&uudk pl;pdkufMunfhonf/Adkvf&uudk avmuqD rdrd awGUzl;onfrSm MumNyD/ olYudkawmY 0g0g av;vnf; av;pm;onf/

aMumufvnf; aMumufonf/ olYrsufESmxm;u wnfonf/ wpfcgwpf&H wif;onf[kyif xifonf/ pum;oHurmonf/ wdkwdkjywfjywfvnf; ajymwwfonf/ rsufvkH;rsm;u pl;Sonf/ ar;dk;rsm;uvnf; cdkif\/ olYwpfudk,fvkH;onfrmasumaom MuGufom;rsm;ESifY NyD;onfh[ef awmifYawmifYwif;wif; uspfuspfvpfvpf Sdonf/

]] jroDwmudk usKyfay;r,f? SifaxG;[m rif;&JoD[udk oHa,mZOfSdaeNyD r[kwfvm; }}]] 'D ar;cGef;udk ar;zkYdvdkovm; }}

]] vdkvdkY ar;wm? jroDwmwdkYu rif;&JoD[udk b,fvkdxifovJ }}]] b,fvdkxif&rvJ? ol&Jaumif; wyfrSL;wpfa,mufvdkYyJ xifw,f? [Hom0wDwyfawmfawG qkwfcJY&mrSmaemufwyfud k tkyfpnf;rysuf uGyfuJEdkifw,f? ,dk;',m;om;awG aemufu rvdkuf0H Yatmif [efYwm;Edkifw,f?


31/107

'gaMumifYvJ awmifilocifav;u tvGeftm;udk;awmfrlw,f? [kwfw,f r[kwfvm; }}]] ocifav; r[kwfbl;? ewfSifudk,fawmfvdkY usKyfwdkY ac:w,f }}]] [kwfuJY? ewfSifudk,fawmfu rif;&JoD[udk tm;udk;awmfrlw,f r[kwfvm; }}]] [kwfw,f? jroDwm 'gudk odxm;awmY usKyfajymzdkY vG,fNyD }}Adkvf&uonf avoHudk ESdrfYNyD; qufajym\/

]] rif;w&m; aTxD;a&m? [Hom0wD qifjzLrsm;Sifa&m? awmifil blrdeufoefzGm;awGqdkwm rarYygeJY? usKyfwdkYawmifilom;udk vufSdrif;w&m;vJ tm;xm;&w,f? ck ta&;awmfrSm Munfh? tdrfaSU tavmif;awmfudk o,fNyD;wyfawmfawG qkwf&mrSm ewfSifudk,fawmf&JU awmifilwyfawmf[m aemufcHwyftjzpf aG;awmf,lcH&w,f? usKyfwdkY0efusKyfwdkYausvdkY tajctaeawGudk tkyfpD;xm;Edkifw,f? oHvGifudk rul;bJ usKyfwdkY 'Dae&mrS m pcef;csaewm[m,dk;',m;om;awGudk wrif pdefac:xm;wm? oif;wdkY usKyfwdkYem;udk rcsOf;&Jbl; }}

]] tJ'gudk uRefrwdkY tm;vkH; odygw,f }}]] rif;w&m;BuD; udk,fawmfwdkifvJ odw,f? 'gaMumifYvJ ewfSifudk,fawmfeJ Y awmifilwyfawmfud k txl;

csD;ajrmufawmfrlw,f? ckqdk&if aejynfawmfwvTm;rSm usKyfwdkYudk,fawmf&JU bkef;owif;[m ysHUarT;aew,f }}]] tJ'geJY rif;&JoD[wdkY? SifaxG;wdkY udpeJY bmqdkifovJ }}

]] qdkifvdkY usKyfajymaewm? ewfSifudk,fawmf[m tck bkef;ormwufaew,f? usKyfwdkY awmifil tpOftvmubkef;BuD;wJYrif;[m ol&Jaumif;udk ajrmufpm;wwfw,f? rif;&JoD[[m ewfSifudk,fawmf t,kHpm;qkH;? tm;txm;&qkH;wyfrSL;qdkwm rarYygeJY }}

]] tJ'Dvdkqdk&if rif;&JoD[twGuf uRefrwdkY 0rf;om&rSmaygY }}]] [kwfw,f? SifaxG;twGufawmY r[kwfbl; }}]] Sif ...}}]] jroDwm em;a0;ao;w,f? awmifiltpOftvmrSm rif;w&m; aTxD;[m Sif&JxGwfudk bk&ifYaemifbGJU

csD;jrifYw,f? bk&ifYaemif&JU Muif,mawmf ocifBuD;[m b,folY tpfrawmfvJ }}]] rif;w&m; aTxD;&JU tpfrawmfav }}]] ewfSifudk,fawmfu rif;w&m; aTxD;&JUxkH; ESvkH;rlNyD; rif;&JoD[udk ajrmufpm;zdkY tBuHawmfSdw,f?

rif;&JoD[&JU bGJUtrnf aSUu rif; ...qdkwmudk owdjyKyg? usKyf 'gavmufyJ ajymcsifw,f }}Adkvf&u\ pum;ud k jroDwm em;vnf rvnfawmY 0g0grod/ rdrdrl em;vnfonf/ SifaxG;av;tm;

oem;pdwfwdkY &if0,f ay:vm\/jroDwmu twefMum NidrfaeNyD;rS ar;\/]] rif;&JoD[&JU oabmuaum b,fvdkvJ }}]] rif;&JoD[u acgif;rmwwfw,f? ewfSifudk,fawmf&JU uRef&if;wpfa,mufyDyD pdwful;vJ ,Ofwwfw,f?

usKyf rpOf;pm;wwfbl;? ppfrSmaysmfwJY ol&JawG jzpf&ufeJY bmaMumifY cspfwJYudp vGrf;wJYudpawGrSm ESvkH;om;

aysmYMuovJ rodbl;? xm;ygawmY rif;&JoD[[mvJ SifaxG;tay:rSm oHa,mZOf BuD;aeNyDxifw,f? ol acgif;rmNyD;tSifocif&JU qEawmfudk zDqefr,fqdk&if olYtwGufvJ raumif;bl;? SifaxG;twGufvJ raumif;bl; }}]] Sifqdkvdkwmu ...rif;&JoD[eJ SifaxG;wdkY &if;ESD;rSKudk &yfwef;u &yfapcsifw,faygY }}]] [kwfw,f? MuufOESpfa&mif? wdrfawmifozG,f? rif;a&;us,fowJY? rif;a&;&mxJrSm SifaxG; ygroGm;

apcsifbl;? usKyfwdkYwyfawmf[m SifaxG;&JU crnf;eJY e,fcHvlawG&JU opmudk rarYbl;? usKyfqdk&if SifaxG; crnf;udkaoG;aomufvkdyJ oabmxm;w,f? SifaxG;ukdvJ usKyforD;av;vdkyJ oabmxm;w,f? SifaxG;av; 'kura&mufapvdkbl; }}

]] SifaxG;rSm tE&m,f SdEdkifvdkYvm; }}]] rif;a&;&mxJ 0ifrd&if tE&m,fqdkwm SdEdkifwmcsnf;yJ? tenf;qkH; pdwfqif;&J&r,f? Oyrm ...tck

aejynfawmfrSm Adkvfrif; wyfrif;awGudk csD;ajrmufrSK jyKaew,f? rif ;&JoD[udk ckae auwkrwDudk jyefqifYac:w,fqdkygawmY? ewfSifudk,fawmfeJY crnf;awmfbk&m;u qEawmfSd&if;twdkif; csD;ajrmufw,f qdkygawmY? SifaxG; b,fvdkSdSmrvJ }}


32/107

]] SifajymawmY rif;&JoD[[m acgif;rmw,fqdk }}]] ol b,favmuf acgif;rm0HYrvJ? rif;&JoD[ rajymeJY? trdefYawmfqdk&if ewfGmpH tdrfaSUbk&m;awmif

vGefqef0HY&JUvm; }}]] Sifajymwm uRefr em;rvnfbl; }}]] ewfGmpH tdrfaSUbk&m;[m "mwkuvsm xdyfxm;tay:rSmom arwmawmf udkif;nGwfcJYw,f? 'gayr,fY

crnf;awmf&JU qEawmftwdkif; tif;0 owdk;rif;apm&JU orD;awmfeJY pkvsm;&pfywf vufxyfcJY&w,f? tdrfaSUbk&m;eJYtdrfaSUxdyfxm;[m tqifawmf rajycJYbl;? 'Duae rD;cdk;MuGufavQmuf ysm;wpfpufESifY jynfysufqdkwmvdk [Hom0wDeJYtif;0 ppfcif;cJY&wJYtjzpf a&mufcJY&w,f? usKyf 'gawG jyefrajymcsifygbl;av? rif;a&;&m[m SKyfaxG;eufeJvSw,f?SifaxG;[m 'Dta&;t&mawGeJY uif;uif;aeEdkif&if aumif;r,f }}

]] Sif 'Dudpudk bmvdkY SifaxG; crnf;udk rajymvJ }}]] a,mufsm;csif; rajymtyfwJY udpjzpfw,f? jroDwm[m SifaxG;&JU rdaxG;awmfqdkawmY SifaxG; tar

t&myJ? usKyf jroDwmudk tm;udk;ygw,f }}Adkvf&uu jroDwmudk pl;pl;pdkufpdkuf Munfhonf/ olrsufvkH;rsm;u xl;xl;qef;qef; ta&mifvJYaeonf/

wif;aom olYrsufESmonfyif ,cktcdkuftwefY ododomom El;nHhodrfarGUae\/

jroDwmuvnf; olYudk jyefai;Munfh&mrS rsufESmvTJvdkufum ajrjyifodkY rsufvTmcsMunfhvsuf Nidrfaeonf/jroDwm\ yg;rsm;wGif aoG;a&mif vQrf;wufaeonfudk 0g0gawGU&onf/ jroDwmonf rdef;racsm jzpfrSef; aS;OD;pGmtjzpf 0g0g owdjyKrdonf/

Adkvf&uu Nidrfaeaom jroDwm\ vufwpfbufudk olYvufrsm;jzifY qkyfudkifvdkufonf/]] usKyf ppfa&;&meJY rif ;a&;&mudk rajymvdkbl;? 'gayr,fY usKyf tck ajymoifYorQ ajymrdaeovm; rodbl;?

tJ'g ...jroDwmudk usKyf ,kHvdkYyJ? ckeifu wyfawmfawGudk xyftm;jznfhr,fvdkY usKyf ajymcJYrdw,f? ta&;awmfBuD;wpfckuawmY ay:vmawmYrSmyJ? 'Dta&;awmfrS m ewfSifudk,fawmfeJY awmifilwyfawmf[m t"du& jzpfw,f?awmifilwyfawmfa[Y qdk&if rif;&JoD[eJY usKyfryg&if rjzpfbl;? rif;&JoD[[m rdef;uav;wpfa,muftwGufuwdrf;uyg;jzpfoGm;rSm usKyfpdk;&drfw,f? aoajrBuD; SifaTxD;vdk Y usKyfwdkY ajymavYS dw,f? ta&;awmfatmif&ifusKyfvJ aTxD;aqmif&rSmyJ? usKyf aTxD;aqmif;wJYtcg usKyftem;rSm jroDwmudkyJ Sdapcsifw,f? usKyf oG,foG,f0dkuf0dkuf rajymwwfbl;? usKyfpum; dkif;aervm; rodbl;? jroDwmudk usKyf arwmSdw,f }}

SufaoG;jzef;vsufu jroDwm\ rsufESmay:wGif NyKH;&dyfay:vm\/]] uRefruaum SifYudk b,fvdk ,kH&rSmvJ }}]] usKyf b,fawmYrS vdrfrajymbl; }}]] SifYpum;udk uRefr ,kHygw,f? 'gayr,fY SifYrSmaum auwkrwDrSm rif;aG;ay;r,fY Muifbufavmif;

rSdbl;vdkY uRefr b,fvdkvkyfodrvJ }}Adkvf&u acw idkifoGm;\/ xdkYaemufrS tm;&yg;& &,fonf/

]] usKyfemrnfu Adkvf&u? rif;&ur[kwfbl;? usKyf[m ewfSifudk,fawmfem; oDEdkifol r[kwfbl;? usKyf&JUteD;qkH; tSifocif[m rif;&JoD[yJ? 'gaMumifYvJ rif;&JoD[ rif;rsufaMumifY t&musrSm usKyfpdk;&drfw,f? aeOD;?usKyf udk,fusKd;twGufcsnf; ajymaewm r[kwfbl;? usKyf ckeifu ajymovdk SifaxG;udk orD;av;vdk cspfw,f?rrDwJYyef;udk rvSrf;eJY qdkwJY pum;Sdw,f? rif;&JoD[[m SifaxG;twGuf jrifYvGef;w,f? usKyfuawmY jroDwmtwGuf rjrifYygbl; }}

jroDwmu Adkvf&u ajymykHudk oabmus[efjzifY &,fonf/]] jroDwm usKyfajymwJYpum;awG&JU twdrfteufudk em;vnf&JUvm; }}jroDwm\ rsufESmu jyefvnf wnfMunfoGm;onf/ Adkvf&u vufrsm;twGif;rS rdrd\ vufudk tomt,m

kef;xkwf ,lvdkufNyD; jroDwmu ajymonf/

]] uRefr em;vnfygw,f? Sif rajymcifwnf;uvJ uRefr awG;rdygw,f? rif;&JoD[[m SifaxG;twGufjrifYvGef;ygw,f? jrifYrSef;om odw,f? b,favmufjrifYrSef; tpu uRefr rodbl;? SifajymawmY tck uRefr odNyD?uRefr wlrav;ud k 'kura&mufapcsifbl;? txl;ojzifY rif;a&;rif;&mudk uRefr aMumufw,f? Sif rajymayr,fY


33/107

ta&;awmfawG SKyfaewm uRefr &dyfrdygw,f? 'DtSKyfxJrSm uRefr wlrav; ygroGm;apcsifbl;? pdwfcsyg? SifaxG;udkuRefr wm;ygYr,f? vdktyf&if SifaxG;crnf; uRefr armifBuD;udkvJ uRefr ajymygYr,f? SifYapwemudkvJ uRefrem;vnfNyD; aus;Zl;wifygw,f }}

jroDwmu ae&mrS xojzifY 0g0gvnf; vdkufxonf/Adkvf&uuvnf; ae&mrSxum vSefxm;aom jrif;qD avQmufoGm;\/

]] usKyf jrpfqdyfbuf oGm;OD;r,f? aoG;aomuf aersKd;Avudk ajymyg? ncsrf;rSm usKyftdrf 0ifcJYOD;vdkY }}Adkvf&uu jrif;ay:wuf pdkif;ESif xGufcGmoGm;onf/jroDwmu Adkvf&uoGm;&modkY rsufpdwpfqkH; Munfhvsuf ae&mwGif Nidrf&yfaeonf/ twefMumrS pdwfudk

qkH;jzwf[efjzifY oGufvufvSKyfSm;vmNyD; prf;acsmif;av;udk jzwful;onf/0g0guvnf; jroDwmaemufrS vdkufNyD; prf;acsmif;av;udk jzwful;onf/rdrd\ ajcaxmufav;rsm;udk Munfvifaom prf;a&twGif; 0g0g jrif&onf/ prf;a&onf at;jraeayrnf/

odkY&mwGif 0g0g bmcHpm;rSKrQrSd/ at;onf? aEG;onfudk tyxm;/ a&ESifY xdaeonf[kyif rod/ aMomf ...ajray:&yfaepOfuvnf; ajrESifYxdaeonfudk rcHpm;&/

qef;awmY qef;onf/ avmubufodkY a&mufvmvQif tjrif? tMum;? teHYwdkYudk cHpm;jrJ cHpm;&onf/

,ckyifvQif ESmacgif;wGif; awmyef;&eHYwdkY oif;BuKdifaeonf/ aus;iSufav;rs;\ toHwdkYudkvnf; Mum;ae&onf/azm|AmkH[kac:aom xdodrSKonfom rdrd rSd/ xdodrSK rSdbJ vSKyfSm;oGm;vm&onfudk tpurl rBuKduf/

pdwfrSm wpfrsKd;BuD; cHpm;&onf/ ,ckawmY usifYom;&NyD/ tav;csdefrSdbJ aygYaygYyg;yg; oGm;ae&onfudk tHYMo&if;uESpfoufouJYodkY jzpfaerdonf/

aSUrS jroDwmu oGufoGufav; avQmufaeonf/ajronf taemufrS taSUodkY ajyajy edrfYavQmqif;oGm;onf/ prf;acsmif;av;uvnf; ajraMumtwdkif;

vdkuf pD;qif;aeonf/jroDwmESifY 0g0gu prf;acsmif;av;ab;Sd vloGm;vrf;av;twdkif; avQmufaeMuonf/ vloGm;vrf;ajru

0gonf/ ab;wzufwcsuf jrufcif;rsm;wGif jrufwdkY oD;aeMuonf/ jrufoD;tESHwdkYu wpfawmifcefY jrifYaeonf/tqufrjywf xlxlav; aygufaeMuaomaMumifY jrufoD;tESHwdkYonf nDnmaom awmav;jzpfaeonf/ tESHxdyfSdjrufoD;ESpfcGonf pdrf;jzLjzL ta&mifav;SdojzifY jrufoD;awm wpfcGifonf tjrifat;NyD; vSyopfvGifae\/

Documents

Takatho Phone Naing - Moe Tway Ywar Hma