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Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅳ
Ⅴ
Ⅲ
The status of Nuclear Industry in Korea
01 업무처리 흐름 Operating 25 Units 23,116 MW
업무처리 흐름 Constructing 5 Units 7,000 MW
업무처리 흐름 Planning 4 Units 5,600 MW Hanul Operating : 6 Units Constructing : 2 Units Planning : 2 Units
Hanbit Operating : 6 Unins
Kori Operating : 7 Units Constructing : 3 Units
Wolsung Operating : 6 Units
Cheonji Planning : 2 Units
02
Planned Under Construction KOREA
Shin-Hanul
Shin-Kori 2016
APR1400
2017
APR1400
2021
APR1400
2022
APR1400
Shin-Hanul#1 APR1400
2017 신한울 2
APR1400
2018
APR1400
2022
APR1400
2023
UAE
Barakah 2017
APR1400 UAE 1
2018 UAE 2
APR1400
2019 UAE 3
APR1400
2020 UAE 4
APR1400
Cheonji 2026
APR+
2027
APR+
Shin-Hanul#2 Shin-Hanul#3 Shin-Hanul#4
Shin-Kori#3 Shin-Kori#4 Shin-Kori#5 Shin-Kori#6
Cheonji#1 Cheonji#2
03
Coal (28.9 %)
Gas (30.8 %)
(22.0 %) 21,716 MW
(31.7 %) 157,200 GWh
Others (14.2 %)
Oil (4.1 %)
Others: Hydroelectric, Renewable, etc. Others: Hydroelectric, Renewable, etc.
TOTAL : 98,810MW
Others (4.3 %)
Oil (1.9 %) Gas
(21.5 %) Coal
(40.6 %)
TOTAL : 495,400 GWh
Electricity Generation Percentage (%)
Installed Capacity Percentage (%)
27 29.2 28 27.9 28.5
27 26 24.4 24.1 23.3 23.6
25.3 23.8
22.2 22
39.3 38.9 40.2
38.2 40.3
39
35.5 35.7 34.1
31.3 31.1 29.5
27
30.2 31.7
'01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15
7th Power Supply Basic Plan (GW)
Renewable Others
Hydro Gas
Oil Coat
Nuclear 26.9 %
23.4 %
20.6 %
19.0 %
Licensing Process of Continued Operation
01
NSSC
KINS
KINAC
NSSC : Nuclear Security & Safety Committee KINS : Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety KINAC : Korea Institute of Nuclear Nonproliferation and Control KHNP : Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power MOTIE : Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy
Local Office
Regional Nuclear Safety Commission
Civil Environmental Monitoring Agency * Kori, Hanbit,
Hanul, Wolsong
KHNP MOTIE
Local Government
National Assembly
Nuclear Safety Regulatory
Nuclear Operation & Business The public
02
9
IAEA Periodic Safety Review (68 Items for 14 Areas)
NRC’s License Renewal Regulations (77 Items for 10 Areas)
① Plant design
② Actual condition of structures, systems and
components (SSCs) important to safety
③ Deterministic safety analysis
④ Probabilistic safety assessment ⑤ Hazard analysis
⑥ Equipment qualification ⑦ Ageing
⑧ Safety performance
⑨ Use of experience from other plants and research
findings
⑩ Organization, the management system and safety
culture
⑪ Procedures ⑫ Human factors
⑬ Emergency planning
⑭ Radiological impact on the environment
Lifetime Evaluation Report
① Scoping and Screening
② Aging Management
Review
③ Time-Limited Aging
Analyses
④ Incorporation of
Operating Experiences
and Research Findings
Radiological Environmental Report
① The Proposed Action
② General Environment
Information
③ General Plant Inform.
④ Environment Consequen
-ces of the Proposed
Action
⑤ Consequences of the
Accident
⑥ Environment Monitoring
Plan
03
10
KHNP NSSC
[CO Application] • Periodic Safety Review (PSR) • Lifetime Evaluation Report (LER) • Radiological Environmental Report (RER) [Application Period] 2 to 5 years before design life
[Receipt & Review For Application]
• Review Period : 18months - complementing or revising documents are excluded
Deliberation on Review Results
Continued Operation (10 years) Decommissioning
KINS
[Review of Continued Operation]
• Review of Application Documents • Site Inspectionication
Documents [Inspection] Site inspection
※ NSSC : Nuclear Safety and Security Commission KINS : Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety
Submit
Request For Review
Submittal Of Results
Approve Dis- approve
Continued Operation Of Wolsong unit 1
Overview Ⅲ1
01
• 2,061 MWt / 670 MWe
• Feb. 15, 1978: Construction & Operating License • Nov. 21, 1982: Initial Criticality • Apr. 22, 1983: Commercial Operation • Nov. 20, 2012: Design Life (30 years) Expired
02
Safety Economic Public
Acceptance
Safety Public Acceptance Economics
• Mandatory requirement • Safety assessment and management over continued operation
• Local Community • Government, national assembly, media
• Assess under Licensee supervision • Consider National Energy Security and Supply/ Demand as a State-owned Company
03
CO Safety Assessment Refurbishment
‘08.02-’09.12 ’09.04-’11.07 ’09.12
Application for CO
` Preparation (22M)
‘13.07-’14.12 ’12.02-’14.06 ’11.07-’15.12
Fukushima Accident(’11.03)
Countermeasure for Fukushima
Accident
IAEA Peer Review Stress test
for CO (New President’s Pledge)
Approval of NSSC
` Licensing (62M)
’15.02
End of Design Life(’12.11)
‘15.03-06 ’15.06 ’15.06.23 ` After Licensing
(4M) Operation Regional
Agreement In-Service Inspection
SAFETY ENHANCEMENT Ⅲ2
01
ADDED
ADDED
1
2
3
PLANNED Refurbishment for major facilities
Post Fukushima
Stress Test
02
Retubing PAR Installation
Replacing DCC Replacing Feeders
Reactor Shutdown Parameter Addition
Replacing 13.8kV/4.16kV Circuit Breaker Replacing Intake Screen
Replacing MCR Decrepit Alarm Window
HPT/LPT Decomposition Maintenance
ECCS HX Pre-valve Duplex
03
04
Sea Wall Water
proof door
Diesel driven pump
PAR
CFVS
reactor emergency cooling
SFP Emergency cooling
Mobile generator
REACTOR Building
REACTOR
Steam Generator
EDG
SEA
① Installation of vent facilities in the CV ② Installation of water proof door ③ Installation of waterproof drain pumps (Diesel Driven Pump) ④ Securement of mobile generator vehicles
⑤ Installation of external injection loop for emergency cooling water for reactor ⑥ Installation of injection loop for SFP ⑦ Installation of passive hydrogen removal equipment
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
04
Operator Self-Assessment
① The third Party Reviews (including plant walk-down) ② Detailed Reviews (regulator + private experts)
NSSC Reviews
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Civilian review team including NGO involved Review area of Emergency response was added compare to EU stress Test
Areas
Guideline
①Earthquake ②Tsunami ③Loss of Safety Functions(SBO+LUHS) ④Severe accident Management ⑤Emergency response
Stress Test Specifications of NSSC (2013.04.30)
Background It is performed as president pledge in order to prove nuclear safety for licensing renewal of operating plant.
Process
Considering a return period of one in 10,000 years, ensuring ability of response for earthquake, tsunami, fire, keeping major safety and repair function
Establishing complementary measures for severe accident, plant response regarding emergency preparedness and response (Considering simultaneous accidents at multi unit)
04 Evaluation Criteria
(Area 2) Safety of SSCs against Tsunami, Storm surge and other natural disasters(EU) (Area 3) Plant Response to loss of electrical power
and/or loss of the ultimate heat sink(EU) (Area 4) Severe accident management(EU) (Area 5) Emergency preparedness and response (Common) Assessment of operational aspects
Assessment Area
(Area 1) Safety of SSCs against Earthquakes(EU)
05
Final Approval
Non- Governmental Verification
IAEA SALTO
Regulatory Review
• Duration : 62months (’09.12~’15.2) • Reviewer : 100persons
• Duration - Peer Review : 12days(’12.5) - Follow-up : 5days(’14.4) • Reviewer : 12persons
• Duration : 17months (’13.8~’14.12) • Reviewer : 19persons
PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE Ⅲ3
01
Voluntary organization resident representative
Persuasion to reasonable support fund
public relations as to need of continued operation and safety
focusing on reliability recovery and honesty delivery because of nuclear’s negative awareness at the time
Concentrating on understanding local resident’s intention desire not a surface stance
Skinship reinforcement
Building-up friendly public opinion
Persuasion to key-personnel
Formation of Relationship (’12.01 ~ ’13.01)
Active Public Relations
(’13.02 ~ ’14.07)
Making agreement mood
(’14.08 ~ ’15.03)
1
2
3
Gathering the public opinion utilizing a variety of channels
Head Office Plant Strategy Project Office
Head Office Corporate
Communication office
Community Support Dep.
Power Site Wolsong #1
Power Site Community Cooperation
Dep.
Cooperation network
• Approval of CO • Regulatory, National
Assembly, Government
• Media, Environment group, NGOs
• Improvement of resident PA
• Persuasion of resident representative
• Catching trend and action
• Consultative group organization and management
02
03
• Taking a portrait : 1,125people • Participation in event • Vitalization of commercial
area • Individual contact with mayor,
chief of an organization • Invitation and lecture of NGO
03
• Presentation for organization, city council
• Strengthening PR capability of friendly organization
• Release of information through SMS
• Visitor of PR center(about 200,000 people)
03
’15.6.8
’15.5.29
’15.4.29
’15.3.25 Organizing a consultative group : KHNP 9people + resident representative 9people
Final decision : accepting agreement
Sign an agreement
Temporary agreement : Mayor, resident representative, KHNP CEO
ECONOMICS Ⅲ4
12
Comparative evaluation in case of NPP’s Continued operation
Reference point End of Design Life End of Continued Operation
Cash flow in case of Continued Operation(A)
Cash flow in non-continued operation(B) Value of Continued Operation(A-B)
Plant Operation
Facility Investment Cost
Fixed Operation Cost
Variable cost
Decommissioning - cost
taxation Legal cost
Power trading revenue
Plant outage
Cash Flow
Concept
Cash Flow
Measurement
02
Costs of continued operation are 1/5 of construction costs
Costs of coal is increased approx. 1.2 billion USD a year as of 2015
1.2 Billion USD Alternative
There is a reduction of carbon dioxide as about 11,000 ton a day in case of Wolsong unit 1.
36 Million USD
Additional costs of carbon dioxide is increased approx. 36 million USD
a year in case of stopping Wolsong unit 1.
Lessons Learned From Wolsong unit 1
01
As-is To-be
Application deadline
1
Design Life
Y-2 Y-5 Before Design life’s 2~5years
Y-10 Y-5
Permission period
Licensing
Y+10 10years
Y+20
20years
completion beginning CO duration X
Design life ~ licensing completion : Shutdown
2
3
• Submission of Safety Assessment Report • Submission Safety Assessment Report and
refurbishment plan
Design Life
Before Design life’s 5~10years
Design Life
Design Life
Design Life
beginning` Design Life
completion CO duration
Design life ~ licensing completion : Operational
02
Safety Review (2years)
Application
Authority Review (2years)
Refurbishment (3years)
• Periodic Safety Review, Life Evaluation Report, Radiological Environmental Report(including hearing)
• Consideration of Safety Review, Economics, Public Acceptance
• Authority Screening • IAEA SALTO program • Authority Approval
• Huge refurbishment during 2 times overhaul • Refurbishment after licensing to prevent
invest in advance
Continued Operation
03
• Demand for Information Disclosure
from National Assembly,
Environmental Groups, NGOs
• The summary of application
documents(PSR, LER, RER) are
submitted to the National Assembly
• After the regulatory review is
completed, accessible for reading to
the general public at a specific place
(some information on securities,
Intellectual property rights and
trade secrets are masked)
Wolsong unit 1
• Established legal “Aggressively
open to the public(’16.6.30)
• The full of application documents
(PSR, LER, RER) will post internet
home-page(NSSC)
• After the regulatory evaluates
the application documents suitability
(some information on securities,
Intellectual property rights and
trade secrets are masked)
Future Plan
• Problem solution through an agreement not to one-side push
• Blocking interference in external influence and focus a discussion with real stakeholders
• Obtain a public trust through consistent stand
• Involvement of the local government
04
Establishment and compliance of principle 1
Systematic strategies establishment
• Understanding of Wolsong unit 1 situation after case analysis of Kori unit 1 • Forming a consultative group and consultation window unification
• Enforcement of time-periodic and stages strategies
• Discussing about coexistence excluding waste argument and justification disputthf
• Mutual effort for building a confidence as truth communication
2
Future Plan & Latest Issues
01
[Table2] The status of continued operation in next 10yrs
Two NPPs, Kori 1 and Wolsong1, are in continued operation.
Continued operation for 11 reactors shall be submitted in next 10 yrs.
02
12 September When
9km SSW in Kyeongju (35.77˚N, 129.18˚E) Where
5.8 (Main Shock) 5.1 (Fore shock) Richter
About 500 times Aftershocks
① 5.1
② 5.8
③ 4.3
④ 4.5
Kori : 51km, Wolsong : 28km Epicenter
Earthquake Affection of NPP : None - Wolsong Site : P.G.A (0.0981g) < D.E (0.2g) - Kori Site : P.G.A (0.0537g) < D.E (0.2g) * P.G.A : Peak Ground Acceleration, D.E : Design Earthquake
02
10 Units in Kori Site
Domestic Regulation
- Site Evaluation : To be installed in a place that does not affect other NPP in the same site for geology and earthquake, meteorological conditions, multiple unit NPP etc.
- No shared System : Relevant SSC(Structure, System, Component) important to safety
- Requirement 17 : Internal and external hazards IAEA SSR-2/1
- Requirement 33 : Safety systems and safety features for design extension conditions of units of aa multiple unit nuclear power plant
The design shall take account of the related regulations of a multiple unit NPP such as no shared system, site evaluation etc.
NSSS Evaluation
Criteria of Regulation
The number of population in EPZ : 3,823,266 persons (Busan, Ulsan) Operation & commissioning Units (8) + Construction Units (2)
03
Public Awareness on Nuclear Power
'10.1 '10.12 '11.3 '11.4 '11.5 '11.6 '11.7 '11.8 '11.9 '11.10 '12.3 '12.5 '12.7 '12.9 '13.3 '13.7 '13.8 '13.10 '14.5 '14.8 '14.11 '15.7 '15.9 '15.12 '16.8
Need of NPP Safety of NPP Construction of NPP Residence Acceptance
’09.12 UAE NPP Export
’11.03 Fukushima Accident
’12.03 The first anniversary Fukushima Accident
’12.11 Counterfeit of Qualificaion Doc.
’16.9 Gyeongju earthquake