http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 1CHNG 1 - TNG QUAN 1.1.Lp lun kinh t k thut Nc ta l nc nhit i vi rt nhiu tri cy ch o c trng cho nng sut ln v em li thu nhp cho quc gia thng qua xut khu nh chui, cam, bi, da Trong , da l loi tri cy c trng kh d dng v l mt trong nhng sn phm c xut khu kh nhiu, c bit c a chung cc nc cng nghip pht trin.Da c trng d dng nhiu ni khp t nc ta, din tch trng da mt s tnh nh sau: Kin Giang (12.006 ha), Minh Hi (4704 ha), Tin Giang (3889 ha), Long An (381 ha), Bnhnh(597ha),KhnhHa(260ha),NghTnh(654ha)Trong,minNamcdin tch trng ln nht (chim 75,43%), min Bc chim khong 24,56% din tch trng da c nc.Gi tr kinh t ca cy da kh cao: Gi tr s dng: Qu da c gi tr dinh dng cao, cung cp calo kh ln, c cc loi vitamin ngoitrvitaminD,giukhong,nhtlKali,enzymBromelintrongdagiptiuhatt protein nnngi ta hay trn da vo ccmn n khaivhoc dnglmmm tht trongy hc, da c ch dn lm thuc trong cc trng hp thiu mu, thiu khong cht. N gip s sinh trng v dng sc, dng khi n ung khng tiu, khi b ng c, b x cng ng mch, vim khp, thng phong, si thn v tr chng bo ph. Gi tr xut khu v thu ngoi t: Hinnaydavsnphmchbintdangvtrhngutrongrauqu xut khu cc tnh pha nam, c kh nng ngy cng pht trin khch hng ca da. u t v thu nhp: Dalloi cy n tri rt mau thu hoch, t khi trng nlc hi tri trung bnh khong 12 - 14 thng, ng thi cho thu hochln.Theo cc con s thng k cc nc trng da pht trin trn th gii cho bit vi nng sut tri khong 80 tn/ha. Nu ch ng hp bn th li nhun trung bnh hng nm trn mt hecta l 10.000 USD (mi ngn la/ha da). http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 2M rng din tch, pht trin sn xut: Dal cy rt d trng, c th trng c trn nhiuloi t, k c cc vng t i dc, si ln cc vng t thp, nhim phn, c pH = 3 - 3.5 c nhiu c cht m nhiu cy khc khng sng c. V vy, c th pht trin v m rng din tch trng da rt d dng trn cc vng t chua xu, nht l cc loi t phn, hoang ha. Dacngcsdnglmngunnguynliuchbinnhiuloithcphmquen thucvingitiudngnh:ncdap,dangmng,dasy,mtda,dalnh ng,.v.v..ThcphmtdacngemlinhiuvitamincnthitchocthnhvitaminC, vitamin nhm B nh B1, B2, B3, vitamin E v mt s cht khong a lng (nh K, Ca), vi lng (nh Fe, Cu, Zn). Hng v ca da cng thm ngon ph hp vi khu v nhiu ngi. Ngy nay, cc nc khc cng ang gia tng nhu cu s dng loi tri thm ngon ny. Vth,chngemchnthitkphnxngsnxutdalnhngtndngc thun li v mt nguyn liu ca t nc, p ng nhu cu s dng ca x hi v xut khu l ch yu. 1.2.La chn nng sut v c cu sn phm: 1.2.1.La chn nng sut: Nhu cu ca th trng ngy cng tng trong vic a chung cc sn phm t da. Ngun nguyn liu phong ph, kh n nh v cht lng. Vi s vn u t ban u c hoch nh tin hnh dy chuyn sn xut da lnh ng theo qui m t ng ha. Chng em chn nng sut nhp liu cho phn xng l 6 tn/ngy. 1.2.2.La chn c cu sn phm: p ng nhu cu ang mnh m ca cc nc khc trong vic s dng nguyn liu da,trc mt chng em s tin hnh sn xut sn phm da lnh ng xut khu trc, ng thi trong thigianludivsau,chngemstnhtonthchinmrngsnxutthngqua http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 3mt s loi sn phm khc t ngun nguyn liu da nh mt s sn phm trong c cu ch bin cng nghip tri da c trnh by di y: http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 4C CU CNG NGHIP CH BIN TRI DA Da nguyn liu Chn - X l Tr tm kho mt (30 ngy) Dnh cho xut ti Lnh ng Vn chuyn mt 5 100C Lm lnh ng ti vng nguyn liu Lnh ng tm thi 180C Vn chuyn 18oC Tr kho mt cng 5-100C Ch bin lnh ng gn cng Tr ng tm 18oC Tr ng cng 18oC Xut da ti Xut da ng lnh Ch bin Nc da ti Nc da c c Ru vang da Acid citric Cn Dm Da sy kh Bt da ho tan Bromelin Thc n gia sc Phn bn hu c http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 5CHNG 2-TNG QUAN V NGUYN LIU V SN PHM 2.1.Nguyn liu: Da 2.1.1.c im sinh hc v thnh phn ha hc ca da: V phng din thcvt, da lmt qu kp, gm 100 - 150 qunh hpli(mimt da l mt qu n) phn tht qu m chngta n c l do s pht trin ca cc m gc l bc, l i v gc vi nhy to thnh. Cc b phn nh cnh hoa, vi nhy ho tn trong mt l trng dilbc cxemlhmt nmngoi ca qu da.Khi gt chng, ta thng phi kha b i. Kchthcvtrnglngqu:tythucvoging,mtvlngphnbn.Trng cng tha, bn cng nhiu phn th qu cng nng cn. Hnh dng qu: dng qul, hnh tr hay thp ty thuc vo gingv k thut canh tc, chmsc.Trongthigianhnhthnhvphttrinqu,chmsckmqusbthpu,b cong ngn trong thi gian qu ang tng trng s lm tng trng lng qu v qu c dng hnh tr. Mu sc tht qu: ty thuc ging v phn no phn bn v cc iu kin sinh thi. Cc sctvngcamcarotenoitquytnhmuvngcathtquda,ctoranhiutrongqu da trng nhit thp v trong mt hn l trng nhit cao v ngoi nng. Hng v ca qu: v chua ngt ty thuc vo lng ng, ch yu l ng saccaroza v lng acid hu c ch yu l acid citric v maleic. Hng thm ca qu ty thuc vo 2 cht Hnh 2.1. Tri da http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 6tyl butyrat v amyl butyrat. Trong qu da, lng ng tng dn t y qu ln ngn v lng acid th ngc li. Qu da c v ngt ngon nht khi lng ng tng s trong qu khong 12% v lng acid khong 0.6 - 0.7%. chc ca tht qu: tht qu mm hay cng ty thuc ch yu vo chn ca qu khi thu hoch cn t l x ty thuc ch yu vo ging trng. Thnh phn ca da: oCung, u: 13% oMt: 11% oV: 18% oLi: 12% oTht: 46% Thnh phn ha hc ca qu da: Trongqudachn,tychngloi,thiv,vngalcccthnhphnchnh vi hm lng nh ph lc 3. Ngoira,trongthnhphnproteincaqudacncenzymBromelinlmtloi emzym thy phn protein. Dalloiqunhiticsdngnhiuntivchbinhpxutkhu. Thiv thu hoch da thng t thng 3 n thng 8. Da triv thu hochvo khong thng 11 n thng 1, thng 2 nm sau. Datrivlktqucavicxlcydabnghacht(acetylen)kchthchtng trng. Khi ngn da c t 10 l tr ln ngi ta cho acetylen dng bt hoc dung dch vo nn da.Sau6thngchngsrahoa.Bngcchnycthrivdacththuhochquanh nm. Tuy nhin, cht lng da tri v ca Vit Nam hin cn km hn so vi da v chnh. Thndangn,mangnhnglhnhgiixpthnhhoathgc.Hoatphpthnh bng, chm. Nhiu loi c l bc c mu sc s. Qu m ( cc chi c bu trn) v qu mng ( cc chi c bu di). Ht b, ninh bt. Cyh Da c nhiu c im sinh thi cbit. R ca ccloibiusinhchyu bmvo thn cy ch, mt s loi r hon ton khng pht http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 7trin. L mc chm li gc thnh hnh phu, trong c nc v cht hu c b phn hy, nn l mitrngsngthchhpchomtsngvtvthcvtnh(mtscyntht,gipxc thp, lng th v.v). Gc l ht nc v cht dinh dng thay cho r. nhiu loi li c lng v m gi nc pht trin. 2.1.2.Cc ch tiu cht lng ca da ti: Tiu chun nguyn liu:- Da nguyn liu c nhn vin phng QA nh gi, phn loi ri mi a vo ch bin. - Da khi nhn vo bng, cung cn ti (bng t nhin, cung di khng qu 10cm). - Da gi bng (phi n t 2/3 hng mt tr ln). - Rut da phi c mu vng nht tr ln. - Qu da phi ti tt, khng dp ng, khng chn qu (c mi ln men). - Khng subnh, khngmeomc, khngbkhuyt tt, khng dnhbn, t, chut cn v c mi l khc. Ch tiu v chn: chn ca da nh gi theo mu sc v qu c 6 mc sau: 1. chn 4: 100% qu c mu vng sm, trn 5 hng mt m. 2. chn 3: 75-100% v qu c mu vng ti, khong 4 hng mt m. 3. chn 2: 25-75% v qu c mu vng ti, 3 hng mt m. 4. chn 1: 25% v qu chuyn sang mu vng, 1 hng mt m. 5. chn 0: qu vn cn xanh bng, 1 hng mt m. 6. chn 00: qu vn cn xanh sm, mt cha m. chn c chn sn xut da lnh ng trong phn xng l chn 2. http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 82.2.Sn phm: Da c cp ng -300C c cc yu cu v phm cht nh sau: Tiu chun cm quan : -Dathnhphmcmuvngnhtnvngrm.Khngcmuthmdpca da hng, khng c vt su bnh, khng c mu ca mt, v da (do st li). -Mu sc da trong 1 gi phi tng i ng u. -Miv: sau khilnh ngxongv sau khi r ng chm trong khng kh, s gi c mi thm t nhin ca da, khng c mi v khc. -cng:dasaukhilnhngxongphicngchc,saukhirngchm nhit bnh thng ca khng kh trong vng 2 4h khng b mm nhn, khng b chy nc ra nhiu lm cho ming da teo li v khng b ng mu sang thm en. Tiu chun hnh thc : -Da khoanh:ming da trn u, khng cnli, khngbm dp. Chiu dymi ming t 14 16mm, ng knh ca mi khoanh khng nh qu 55mm.-Da r qut: khng st li, kch thc ca cung ln khng nh qu 40mm, ming da dy t 10 15mm. Kch thc tng i ng u trong mt ti. Tiu chun vi sinh vt : -Khng c vi trng gy bnh: E.coli, Cl.welchi -Hot Bromelin ca da lnh ng bo qun t = -18oC trc 6 thng phi cn hn 80% v t 6-12thng phi cn hn 50% so vi da ti. ( Lng Bromelin cn nhiu chng t da c lnh ng nhanh). Hnh 2.2. Da khoanh http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 9CHNG 3 - QUI TRNH CNG NGH SN XUT DA LNH NG 3.1. S khi qui trnh cng ngh sn xut da lnh ng: Da Chn, phn loi S ch 1 Ngm st trng Chlorine 50 mg/l Ra 1 S ch 2 Ra 2 To hnh IQF (-300C) LDPE Da lnh ng Bao gi Da khng t yu cu Cung, bng B, nc thi u, li, v, mt B, nc thi http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 103.2.Thuyt minh qui trnh cng ngh: 3.2.1. Chn, phn loi:* Mc ch: chn v phn loi da nguyn liu theo yu cu trc khi a vo sn xut. * Cc bin i chnh: - Cm quan: t c chn, kch thc ng u hn. * Phng php thc hin: - Trc khi a vo sn xut, da c chn lc theo tiu chun v phn loi theo cp hngv chnngay ti kho. Nhng qu khng tiu chun phi ring cnnhng qu tiu chun th tin hnh xc nh cp hng ri xp theo tng cp hng v chn. -Vchncchialm2loi:chnkthutvquchn.Trongkhichnv phn loi da, ta tin hnh vt cung v b hoa. Trnh lm bm dp da ln ln cp hng v chn ca da. 3.2.2.S ch 1: * Mc ch: loi b phn u v cung d dng hn cho qu trnh t li, gt v. * Bin i chnh: - Vt l: khi lng da gim do c loi b phn u v cung. * Cc yu t nh hng: - sc, sch ca dao phi t yu cu nu khng mt ct ca da s khng phng v da s b nhim bn. - S thnh tho trong thao tc. - Mi trng v thit b phi m bo v sinh. * Phng php thc hin:- Dng dao sc ct u da, hai mt ct hai u ca qu da phi tht phng v thng gc vi li, khng lm dp v khng lm nhim bn mt ct. http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 113.2.3.Ngm st trng:* Mc ch: loi b 1 phn tp cht v st khun trn v da * Bin i chnh:- Ho sinh: tiu dit phn ln vi sinh vt trn b mt v da. * Cc yu t nh hng: - Nng clo trong dung dch ngm nu s dng qu nhiu c th nh hng xu n mi ca da (clnmiclo). Ngclinunng clo qu thp s khng tiu dit trit vi sinh vt lm cho da b nhim vi sinh vt trong cc cng on sau ny. - Thi gianngm qulu c thlmcho dabmmvmt cht dinh dng do b ho tan trong nc, ngc li thi gian qu t th clo khng kp tiu dit ht vi sinh vt. - Nc s dng phi t tiu chun nc cp sinh hot Yu cu cht lng: TCVN 5502-2003. * Phng php thc hin: - Da c 2 chn khc nhau c ngm ring trong 2 b nc Clo ha 50mg/l trong thi gian 5 pht. 3.2.4.Ra sch:* Mc ch:loib clo st li trnbmt da sau giai onngmv tp cht nmbn trong mt da. * Bin i chnh: - Vt l: m bo da khng cn mi clo. - Cm quan: da lc ny sch hon ton v c th em i s ch. * Cc yu t nh hng:- H thng c ra phi t yu cu sao cho c th c ra sch m khng lm dp da. - Nc s dng phi t tiu chun nc cp sinh hot Yu cu cht lng: TCVN 5502-2003. http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 12* Phng php thc hin: -Dnghthngbnchitrehocrnmtrongmyracraschhttct bm ngoi v sau ra li bng nc sch. 3.2.5.S ch 2: * Mc ch: loi b phn li, v v mt da. * Bin i chnh: - Vt l: khi lng da gim do c loi b phn li, v v mt da. * Cc yu t nh hng: - sc, sch ca thit b t li, gt v phi t yu cu.- S thnh tho trong thao tc (nhtl thao tcloibmt khng clmhaoht nguyn liu nhiu, phi loi b sch mt da, khng lm dp nguyn liu). - Mi trng v thit b phi m bo v sinh. * Phng php thc hin:-Khi t li phi t mt cung da xung di. Nu c 2 mt u xin lch th tr li b phn ct u cha li. -Khng c t li mt ln nhiu cp hng khc nhau. -ng knh t li phi ph hp vi bng trn v khng cn st li -t li phi ngay thng khng c xin gy, st li v mt tht da -Trc khi gt v phi kim tra cp hng ca da v iu chnh c dao theo bng sau: Bng 3.1. Qui nh v ng knh dao trc khi tin hnh t li cho da: Cp hng12 ng knh dao (mm)7075 ng knh trc li (mm)18-2020-25 http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 13-Da gt xong khng c st v xanh, v gt u n tht qu khng p v. Da gtvxongkhngcxpchngccqulnnhaumphixpngtngquln bng chuyn chuyn sang b phn ct mt. -Dngdaoscctmtda.Trckhictmtphigtschnhngngv xanh cn st li thy r ng mt. Nhng vng c gt sch mt, mt da khu gt v th khng cct thm. Cc ng ctmt phi theo hnhxoy cmt rnh gn nh tam gic. Nhng vt dao ct v sa phi nhn khng c n su vo gn n li. -Yu cu da sau khi ct phi sch ht mt, ht ng v xanh, ht vt chn qu v vt dp nh. Ch cho php cn nhng chm en nh nh u kim v nhng ht nm trong tht da. Ch : Cng nhn khu sn xut nynht thit phimang gng tay cao su vo tay cm da trnh da n mn da tay dn n nt n chy mu, gim nng sut lao ng v trong da c cha nhiu cht Bromelin. 3.2.6.Ra 2: * Mc ch: lm sch li da do trong qu trnh s ch c th nhim bn v loi b tp cht cn st li. * Bin i chnh:- Ho sinh: nguyn liu t c sch nht nh. * Cc yu t nh hng: -NcsdngphittiuchunvsinhncnungYucuchtlng: TCVN 1329 - 2002. * Phng php thc hin: - Da sau khi c x l mt xong c bng chuyn a vo my ra 2 lm sch tp cht trc khi c to hnh. http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 143.2.7.To hnh: * Mc ch: nh dng nguyn liu theo yu cu (da khoanh, da r qut). * Bin i chnh:- Vt l: nguyn liu c nh hnh theo yu cu. * Cc yu t nh hng: - sc, sch ca dao. - S kho lo, thnh tho ca cng nhn cng cao th da c nh hnh cng u, p. - Mi trng phi m bo v sinh, trnh nhim bn trong nguyn liu. * Phng php thc hin: -Ct khoanh: trc khi a vo my ct khoanh phi kim tra v iu chnh cc c ng ng da sao cho ng khng ln hn ng knh qu da qu 3mm. iu chnh c li ct theo dy ming da yu cu. -Ctringtngt theocphngvchn.Khichoqudavo ngphinh nhng chn mt phng cho vo trc, trong mi ng ch cho php ct 1 qu. -Yucudycakhoanhdakhong15mm,khoanhdaphiukhngb lch, 2 mt ct phi bng phng. -Nhngkhoanhdactxongphicchnngaynhngkhoanhtyucu chuyn sang b phn ng gi, cn nhng khoanh khng t yu cu chuyn sang b phn ct ming r qut hoc ct ming vn. -Ctming r qut: trc khictming r qut phi kim tra phm cphng ca khoanhdachnhnhthictlinht.Nudngdaonhiulictkhoanhthnh nhng ming r qut c b mt khng di 3cm2 th theo bng sau: http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 15Bng 3.2. Yu cu v ng knh dao ct r qut cho da: Cp hng12 ng knh trc li dao (mm)18-2020-25 S ming t 1 khoanh4-68 -Nhng khoanh v nt khng th ct r qut th ct thnh loi da vn (ming nh) c chiu di khng qu 40mm.-Ct thanh dc: chn mt phng nht ca qu da t trn tht dng dao ct b dc qudalmirilm4,6hoc8phthucccnhtdaophichuyntheochiudc ng tm ca qu da. Yu cu ming da tng i u khng dp nt. 3.2.8.Lm lnh ng nhanh: * Mc ch: trnh sn phm ln men ru v b nhim vi sinh vt. * Bin i chnh: - Vt l: da c lm lnh ng n -300C. - Ho l: qu trnh h hp ngng hon ton.- Ho sinh: c ch hon ton hot ng ca vi sinh vt. * Cc yu t nh hng: - B phn cp ng ca h thng IQF phi m bo cp hi lnh v thi gian. * Phng php thc hin: -Da phinhanh chng avolmlnh ng trong thit bIQF. Thi gianlnh ng nhanh ph thuc vo loi da Ty v da Ta, kch thc ming da v khi lng sn phm trong ti, thng t 5-25pht. Lc trung tm sn phm t-12oC vlngnc trong sn phm s ng bng ti 85% sn phm t yu cu chuyn sang khu bao gi. http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 163.2.9.Bao gi:* Mc ch: d ng kin, d nh lng, d phn phi. * Bin i chnh: - Vt l: da c bao gi trong bao LDPE khng cn tip xc vi khng kh bn ngoi. * Yu t nh hng: nguyn liu LDPE phi m bo dy, v sinh. * Phng php thc hin: -Da t yu cu lm lnh ng nhanh th cn tin hnh bao gi. Tng ti da c nh lng (500g + 10g) ti. Nguyn liu dng lm bao gi l LDPE. http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 17CHNG 4 TNH CN BNG VT CHT Bng 4.1. T l ph liu trong cc cng on ch bin da lnh ng STTCng on sn xut% ph liu 1Chn, phn loi8 2S ch 1 (b cung, u)13 3Ngm st trng0.5 4Ra 10.5 5S ch 2 (b v, li, mt)41 6Ra 20.5 7To hnh1 8Cp ng IQF0.5 9Bao gi0.5 10Tng cng65 4.1. Tnh cn bng vt cht theo nng sut: 4.1.1.Giai on chn, phn loi: 6 tn da nguyn liu Chn, phn loi T l hao ht: 8% 5520 kg nguyn liu 6000 6000 * 8% = 5520 http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 184.1.2.Giai on s ch 1 (ct cung, u): 4.1.3.Giai on ngm st trng: 4.1.4.Giai on ra 1: 4.1.5.Giai on s ch 2: 5520 kg da nguyn liu S ch 1 T l hao ht: 13% 4740 kg nguyn liu 5520 6000 * 13% = 4740 4740 kg da nguyn liu Ngm st trng T l hao ht: 0.5% 4710 kg nguyn liu 4740 6000 * 0.5% = 4710 4710 kg da nguyn liu Ra 1 T l hao ht: 0.5% 4680 kg nguyn liu 4710 6000 * 0.5% = 4680 4680 kg da nguyn liu S ch 2T l hao ht: 41% 2220 kg nguyn liu 4680 6000 * 41% = 2220 http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 194.1.6.Giai on ra 2: 4.1.7.Giai on to hnh: 4.1.8.Cp ng IQF: 4.1.9.Bao gi: 2220 kg da nguyn liu Ra 2 T l hao ht: 0.5% 2190 kg nguyn liu 2220 6000 * 0.5% = 2190 2190 kg da nguyn liu To hnhT l hao ht: 1% 2130 kg nguyn liu 2190 6000 * 1% = 2130 2130 kg da nguyn liu Cp ng -300C v bao giT l hao ht: 0.5% 2100 kg nguyn liu 2130 6000 * 0.5%= 2100 2100 kg da nguyn liu Cp ng -300C v bao giT l hao ht: 0.5% 2070 kg nguyn liu 2100 6000 * 0.5%= 2070 http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 20Bng 4.2. Bng tnh cn bng vt cht theo nng sut: Giai onLng vo (kg)Lng ra (kg) Chn, phn loi60005520 S ch 1 (b cung, u)55204740 Ngm st trng47404710 Ra 147104680 S ch 2 (b v, li, mt)46802220 Ra 222202190 To hnh21902130 Cp ng IQF21302100 Bao gi21002070 4.2.Tiu hao nguyn liu theo ngy, thng, nm: Bng 4.3. Bng tiu hao nguyn liu theo ngy, thng, nm: NgyThng (26 ngy)Nm (300 ngy) Nguyn liu6 tn156 tn1800 tn Sn phm2070 kg53820 kg621 tn Nc thi29.04 m3755.04 m38712 m3 Tp, ph phm3930 kg102180 kg1,179 tn http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 21CHNG 5 TNH V CHN THIT B 5.1.Thit b chnh: 5.1.1.Giai on s ch 2: da c x l b li, v Bng 5.1. Thng s thit b x l li, v: Thng sn vGi tr Nng sutKg/h500 Cng sut inkW4 Chiu dimm3000 Chiu rngmm1500 Chiu caomm1800 5.1.2.Giai on ra 1: Da mi ngm st trng trong dung dch Chlorine, sau dng my ra c bn chi ra li. Chn thit b c thng s nh bng sau: Bng 5.2. Thng s thit b ra c bn chi: Thng sn vGi tr Nng sutKg/h500 Cng sut inkW2 Chiu dimm2000 Chiu rngmm1000 Chiu caomm1500 http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 225.1.3.Giai on to hnh cho nguyn liu: Ch yu to hnh cho nguyn liu theo dng khoanh v r qut, ta chn thit b ct khoanh v ct r qut cho da c cc thng s nh sau: Bng 5.3. Thng s thit b ct khoanh: Thng sn vGi tr Nng sutKg/h500 Cng sut inkW1 Chiu dimm1500 Chiu rngmm900 Chiu caomm1200 Bng 5.4. Thng s thit b ct r qut: Thng sn vGi tr Nng sutKg/h500 Cng sut inkW1 Chiu dimm1000 Chiu rngmm800 Chiu caomm800 5.1.4.Giai on ra 2: Da sau khi c s ch 2 (b li, v, mt) c ra ln 2. Ta chn thit b ra c thng s nh sau: http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 23Bng 5.5. Thng s bn ra: Thng sn vGi tr Kch thc bng timm6560L * 400WKch thc c smm2000L * 600B * 900H Nng sutkg500kg/h ng c inkW0.37kw/3p/220 - 380V/50Hz Kch thc mymm2800L * 750B * 200H Ngun inkW4 5.1.5.Bng chuyn: Nguyn liu c chuyn t ng bng bng chuyn n cc khu x l bt u t khu ra 1 n ht h thng IQF. Bng 5.6. Thng s bng chuyn t ng: Thng sn vGi tr Nng sutkg500 Cng sutkW0.4 Kch thcmm770W*1592H Chiu rngmm508 ng c in (Motor)kW0.37kW/3p/220 - 380V/50Hz http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 245.1.6.Lnh ng IQF: Da sau khi c to hnh tu theo yu cu s c bng chuyn a vo h thng IQF n khi 500 kg s c tin hnh lnh ng n -300C.Nguyn tc hot ng ca thit b: Trong sut thi gian cp ng, khi sn phm di chuyn xuyn qua bung cp ng trn nhng bng chuyn, hng ngn tia kh lnh vi tc cao hng trc tip v lin tc ln mt trn v mt di ca sn phm thi hi nng bao bc quanh sn phm y nhanh qu trnh trao i nhit. Cc tia kh lnh ny lm lnh t hiu qu tng ng phng php nhng Nit lng.Khi cc tia kh lnh thi qua b mt sn phm, trn b mt sn phm nhanh chng to nn mt lp bng mng bao bc quanh sn phm, lm gim mt nc v gi sn phm khng b bin dng v mt c hc. Hnh dng v kch thc ban u ca sn phm c duy tr trong sut qu trnh cp ng. Ta chn h thng lnh ng IQF theo cc thng s sau: Bng 5.7. Thng s ca thit b IQFMK/T500-06: Thng sn vGi tr Cng sut cp ngkg/h500 Cng sut lnh (n -450C)kW110 Chiu rng bng timm500 Chiu di bung ng-Lmm6000 Chiu rng bung ng-Bmm3300 Chiu cao bung ng Hmm3500 Thi gian cp ngpht1-30 Ngun dinkW380V/3p/50Hz http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 255.1.7.Thit b bao gi: Bng 5.8. Thng s k thut ca thit b bao gi ca hng TMC Machinery: Thng sn vGi tr Nng sutkg500 Cng sutkW3.6 Kch thcmm2300L * 560B * 1410H ng c in (Motor)kW1.1 kW/3p/220 - 380V/50Hz Bng 5.9. Tng kt thit b chnh: Thit bNng sutKch thc (mm)S lng Bn ra500kg/h750W * 2800L * 1000H1 Bng chuyn500kg/h770W*1592H IQF500kg/h6000L*3300B*3500H1 Thit b x l u, li, v 80 qu/pht3000L*1500B*1800H1 My ra bn chi 500kg/h2000L*1000B*1500H1 Thit b ct da r qut 500kg/h1000L*800B*800H1 Thit b ct khoanh 500kg/h1500L*900B*1200H1 Thit b bao gi500kg/h2300L * 560B * 1410H1 http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 265.2.Thit b ph: 5.2.1.Cn da nguyn liu: Da nguyn liu c cn lc c tip nhn ti nh my v cn nh lng da nguyn liu cho tng m lm vic. t hng cn da nguyn liu loi cn bn, vn hnh bng tay c cc thng s k thut nh sau: Bng 5.10. Bng thng s k thut ca cn da nguyn liu: Tn gin vThng s Ti trng ti akg500 Ti trng ti thiukg50 Chiu caomm1500 Kch thc bn cn (LxB)mm x mm1000 x 800 Trng lngkg200 5.2.2.Ngm st trng: Da sau khi c chn, phn loi v s ch 1 (ct cun, bng) th c ngm st trng bng dd chlorine 50mg/l. Ta chn 2 thng mi thng c th tch 2m3 . 5.2.3.Bm: Bm nc cho giai on ngm ra nguyn liu, v sinh thit b nh xng v phng chy cha chy, ta chn bm c cc thng s k thut nh sau: http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 27Bng 5.11. Thng s k thut ca bm: Tn gin vThng s Nng sutm3/h3.6 p sut ton phnm ct nc20 S vng quayVng/pht1450 Chiu cao htm nc2.8 Nhit nc 0C-40 90 Cng sutkw0.5 Bng 5.12. Tng kt thit b ph: Thit bNng sutKch thc S lng Cn bn500kgLxB=1000mm x 800mm2 Bm3.6m3/h3 Thng cha2m3 2 Dao ct mtL = 100mm20 Bn ct mtLxB= 700mmx150mm1 http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 28CHNG 6 TNH IN, NC, NNG LNG 6.1. Tnh in: 6.1.1.in ng lc: Bng 6.1. in nng tiu th ca cc thit b Thit bin nng (kw/h)S lngtng in Thit b x l li, v414 My ra bn chi212 Thit b ct da r qut111 Thit b ct khoanh111 My ra0.3720.74 Bng chuyn0.40.4 IQF1101110 Bm0.531.5 Thit b bao gi3.613.6 Tng cng124.24 Ly cng sut ph tr l 15% tng cng sut ca cc ng c, vy cng sut ng lc ca phn xng l Pl = 1.15 * 124.24 = 142.876 (kW). Cng sut tnh ton Ptt = Kc * Pl = 0.7 * 142.876 = 100.0132 (kW). Trong Kc = 0.7 lh s cn dng, ph thuc vo mc ph ti ca cc thit blm vic khng ng thi. http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 296.1.2.in chiu sng:-Tiu chun v chiu sng trong phn xng thc phm l 300 lux.1 bng n: 2650 lm 1 bng n chiu sng c 2650/300 = 8.83 (m2).-Din tch phn xng l: 12 * 15 = 180 (m2). S bng n cn: 180/8.83 = 21 (bng). -Cng sut nh mc ca n hunh quang l 40W. Cng sut chiu sng:Pcs = 40 * 21 = 840 (W) = 0.84 (kW). -Tng in chiu sng v ng lc dng trong phn xng sn xut l: P = 100.0132 + 0.84 = 100.85 (kW). 6.1.3.Xc nh h s cng sut v tnh dung lng b: H s cng sut: Trong cc nh my thc phm thng dng loi ng c khng ng b hay gi l ng c cm ng, cng sut phn khng to ra t trng. Vvy,hs cng sut thp, do ta tnh theo cng sut trung bnh (costb) ch khng tnh theo cng sut nh mc (cosdm). 2 2tt tttttbQ PPCos+=EPttE = Ptt + Kcs* Pcs = 100.0132 + 0.9 * 0.84 = 100.77(kW). Kcs: h s khng ng b, Kcs = 0.9. Qtt = cng sut phn khng, Qtt = PttE * tgtb. Vi nh my sn xut rau qu ng lnh, thng thng costb = 0.6 tgtb = 1.33 Qtt = 100.77 * 1.33= 134.02 (kW) Tnh dung lng t b: tm cch nng cao cos gim tn tht in trn ton ng dy, gim tn tht in cho cc my v thit b ng b. Ta dng t tnh in: Qb = Ptt * (tg1 - tg2) = 100.0132 * (250 -0.48)http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 30Trong :tg1 = 1.33 ng vi cos1 = 0.6. tg2 = 0.48 ng vi cng sut cn nng cos1 = 0.9. Qb = 100.0132 * (1.33 0.48) = 85.01 (kW). ChntincacngtyTNHHthitbinminng(Tp.HChMinh)vicc thng s k thut sau: -Loi t: BZMJO.415-10-3 -in p lm vic: 0.415 kV -Cng sut nh mc: 10 kW -in dung: 185 F Vy s t cn l: n = Qb /10 = 9 (t). Tnh li h s cng sut : cos = PttE/(( Ptt)2 + (Qtt n * 10)2)1/2 = 0.92. 6.1.4.Chn my bin p: -mbochovicsnxutnnh,tachn2mybinp(hotngthayphin nhau), chn ph ti lm vic c cng sut bng 80% cng sut nh mc ca my.- Cng sutmybin p: 101.345 0,8 112.6( )cos 0.9ttdmPP xS kWE= > = = (saligi tr ca P v kt qu tnh) Suy ra: Sm = 139.96 (kW). Chn my bin p c cc thng s k thut d kin nh bng 6.2. http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 31Bng 6.2: Thng s k thut d kin ca my bin p loi TM 15 ca Cng ty TNHH Thit b in min ng: Thng sn v tnhGi tr Cng sutkW150 in p ngn mchkV4 Chiu dimm400 Chiu rngmm400 Chiu caomm300 xem li c hp l ko? 6.2.Tnh nc: (cho mt ngy sn xut) 6.2.1. Nc ra da: - rng ca da: 40%. -T trng: 1.2 1.3 kg/lt. - ngm 400 kg da cn 1 thng cha c th tch khong 2m3. Th tch nc ngm ngp da:

( ) 4 . 0 1 * 1 . 1400= 606.06 (lt) -Th tch nc d = 15% * Vthng = 15% * 2 = 0,3 (m3) = 300 (lt).-Th tch ngm 400 kg da = 606.06 + 300 = 906.06 (lt). -Nc cn cho giai on ngm st trng vi khi lng nguyn liu trong giai on ny l 4740 kg: Vngm = 4740 * 906.06/400 = 10736.8 (lt). http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 32-Nccnchogiaionra1vikhilngnguynliutronggiaionnyl 4710kg: Vra 1 = 4710 * 906.06/400 = 10668.9 (lt) -Nc cn cho ra 2 vi khi lng nguyn liu trong giai on ny l 2220 kg: Vra 2 = 2220 * 906.06/400 = 5028.6 (lt) -Tng lng nc s dng cho qu trnh x l nguyn liu:Vtng = Vngm + Vra 1 + Vra 2 = 10736.8 + 10668.9 + 5028.6 = 26400 (lt) = 26.4 (m3). 6.2.2. Nc v sinh thit b, nh xng: Ty theo tnhhnh snxut thc t tinhmy, sch ca thit b,nhxngm ta s dng lng nc v sinh nhiu hay t. y ta chn lng nc v sinh thit b, nh xng bng 20% lng nc ra nguyn liu: Vv sinh = 20% * Vtng = 20% * 26.4 = 5.28 (m3). Vy tng lng nc cn dng cho 1 ngy: V = Vtng + Vv sinh = 26.4 + 5.28 = 31.68 (m3). 6.3. Tnh nng lng: -Nhit lng cn cp ng cho da n -300C: -Da c cp ng -300 C. -Nng sut 500kg/h. -Nhit lng cn lm lnh da t 250C n -300C l: Q = Gsp * ( id ic) * 1/t -Trong : Gsp l khi lng sn phm cp ng. Vi id = 81,89 kcal/kj , ic = 0,0356 kcal/kj ln lt l entanpi ca nguyn liu vo v ra. t : thi gian cp ng (h), chn t= 25 pht. http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 33 Q = 500 * (81,89 0,0356) * 1/0,4166 = 196,48 (kW). Tnh v chn ni hi: Nh my dng hi nc bo ha cp nhit trc tip hay gin tip trong qu trnh v sinh thit b, nh xng. Tuy nhin, trong phn xng ch dng hi nc v sinh thit b IQF, vi th tch ton thit b IQF l 60m3 nhng thc t phn cn v sinh ch khong 20 m3. Lng hi cn tiu tn l 20 m3/h. Tkhi hi ca khng kh l 1,293kg/m3. Khi lng hi cn v sinh thit b IQF l: 20 * 1,293 = 25.86 (kg hi/h). d phng trng hp m rng sn xut hoc s dng cng mt lc cho nhiu mc ch khc, ta chn ni hi c nng sut 100 kg hi/h. Chn ni hi c thng s nh sau: Bng 6.3. Thng s k thut ca thit b ni hi NHOL05/8: Tn gin v tnhThng s Nng sut hikg/h100 p sut lm vicbar7 -Tnh nhin liu cho ni hi: -Nhin liu t l du FO. -Khi lng du FO s dng (gn ng): M = qr G [kg/gi] -Trong : -G: lng hi bo ha dng trong 1 gi, G = 25.86 (kg/h). -r: n nhit ha hi ca nc p sut 7bar, r = 2067 (KJ/kg). -q: nhit tr ca nhin liu, q = 40375 (KJ/kg). -: h s hu ch ca ni hi, = 0,8. -Vy lng du FO cn dng l:M = (25.86 * 2067)/(40375 * 0.8)= 1.65 (kg/h). http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 34-Th tch du FO cn dng trong 1 ngy l:V =(1.65 * 24)/0.874= 45.31 (lt/h).-Qu trnh truyn nhit bng hi nc bo ha s dng li 80% nc ngng t, nn th tch nc phi cung cp thm cho ni hi trong 1 ngy l 20%: Vnc = 25.86 24 0,2 = 124.128 (m3/ngy). Mt ngy cp ng 3 m, sau mi ln cp ng ta v sinh thit b IQF mt ln. Mt ngy lm v sinh 3 ln cn 45.31 * 3 = 135.93 lt du FO. http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 35CHNG 7 TNH TON XY DNG PHN XNG SN XUT 7.1.Tnh ton xy dng phn xng sn xut: Bng 7.1. Kch thc cc thit b: Thit bKch thcS lngDin tch (m2) Bn ra2800L * 750B * 1000H12.1 Bng chuyn770B * 1592H IQF6000L * 3300B * 3500H119.8 Thitbxlli, v 3000L * 1500B * 1800H14.5 My ra bn chi2000L * 1000B * 1500H12 Thitbctdar qut 1000L * 800B * 800H10.8 Thit b ct khoanh1500L * 900B * 1200H11.35 Thng ngm2000L * 1000B * 1000H24 Thit b bao gi2300L * 560B * 1410H11.28 Bn ct mt7000L * 1500B * 700H110.5 Vy tng din tch ca cc thit b l: 46.33 (m2). Da vo din tch chim ch ca thit b trong nh my v khong cch gia cc thit b t 1 1.5 m (ty vo thit b), vi cc bc ct l 6m, nhp ct l 3m. Sau khi b tr ta thit k phn xng c din tch l 12m * 15m. http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 367.2.Tnh ton xy dng kho cha nguyn liu: Nng sut ca phn xng l 6 tn da nguyn liu mi ngy, phi d tr da nguyn liu chun b cho ngy sn xut hm sau nn chng ta cn xy dng kho cha cho 12 tn da.Da vo t trng v rng ca da, ta c: T trng ca da l 1.2 1.3 kg/lt. Th tch ca 12 tn da l: 12000/ [1.2 * (1 0.4)] = 16,666.66 (lt) = 16.67 (m3). Ta thnh 4 khi da, mi khi c th tch l: 16.67/4 = 4.17 (m3). Ta chn kch thc cho mi khi l 2m * 4m * 0.5m. Mi khi cch nhau 0.8m, cch tng 1m. V vy ta c c din tch kho l 6mx12m.

Bng 7.1. Bng tng kt k hoch xy dng phn xng sn xut: Tn cng trnhc imDin tch (m2) Nh xngTon khi b tng (12 x 12)144 Kho cha Nn b tng, tng v mi tn72 1m 0.8m 2m 4m Hnh 7.1. S b tr kho cha da nguyn liu http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 37CHNG 8 TNH TON KINH T 8.1. Vn u t vo thit b sn xut: Bng 8.1.Vn u t cc thit b: STTTn thit bn vS lng n gi (triu) Thnh tin (triu) 1Bn raCi133 2Bng chuyn mt10 2 20 3Thit b IQFmy1 400400 4Thit b x l u, li, v my17555 5My ra bn chi my13030 6Thit b ct da r qut my12525 7Thit b ct khoanhmy12525 8Mybin pmy14040 9Thit b bao gimy18080 10Cn bnci21020 11Bn ct mtci177 12Dao ct mtci200.051 13Bmci3618 14 Thng ngmci21530 15T bci9 16Tng704 + t b http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 388.2. Vn u t vo xy dng phn xng sn xut: Bng 8.2.Vn u t cc cng trnh xy dng phn xng sn xut: Tn cng trnhc imDin tch (m2) n gi (triu ng/m2) Thnh tin Xy dng nh xng Ton khi b tng (12 x 12) 1442288 Xy dng kho cha da Nn b tng, tng v mi tn 721.286.4 Tng 216374.4 8.3. u t nguyn liu: Tnh lng LDPE s dng: -ng gi da cp ng vi khi lng 500g/bao. -Bao LDPE c kch thc 20x30cm. -B dy 1 lp bao l 200m. -Khi lng 1 bao l: 2 * (20 * 30 * 0.02 * 0.925) = 22.2 (g). -Trong t trng ca LDPE l 0.925g/cm3. -Nng sut cp ng l 2100kg/ngy vy cn 2100/0.5 = 4200 bao LDPE Lng LDPE cn : 4200x 22.2 = 93240 (g) = 93.24 (kg). http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 39Bng 8.3. u t nguyn liu mi ngy: STTNguyn liuS lng n gi (VND)Thnh tin (VND) 1Da6000 kg 1,5009,000,000 2LDPE93.5 kg55,0005,142,500 3Du FO135.93 lt40,0005,437,200 4Nc31.68 m33,00095,040 5Hi nc 25.86Kg hi/h http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 40CHNG 9 An ton lao ng - Phng chy cha chy - V sinh cng nghip 9.1.An ton lao ng v phng chy cha chy: Vn an ton lao ng v phng chy cha chy trong qu trnh sn xut l mt vn htscquantrngcanhmy,xnghip.Thchinttcngtcantonlaongvphng chychachykhngnhngmboantonvsckhochongilaongmcnngn nga c nhng thit hi ln v ti sn cng nh tnh mng ca cng nhn. 9.1.1.An ton lao ng: m bo an ton lao ng l tm mi cch phng nga tai nn v hn ch n mc ti thiu cc s c c th dn n tai nn khi cng nhn lm vic ng thi c nhng bin php x l kp thi khi xy ra s c. 9.1.1.1. Chng kh c: Kh CO2 sinh ra do qu trnh ln men nu tch t vi nng ln c th s gy ngt th cho cng nhn, nht l cng nhn v sinh thit b ln men. Ta c th dng cc bin php thu hi kh ny tn dng vo mc ch khc. ng thi nh xng cn phi thng thong, phi trng cyxanhxungquanhnhmylmschmitrng,gimtingn,tocnhquanchonh my. 9.1.1.2. Chng n v chng rung: Tingnvchnngnhhngkhngttnsckhocacngnhnnhgymi mt,mchpvnhpthtng,huytptng,kmtptrung,nhhngnthnhgic,kh nng lm vic b gim st. Khc phc:-Thngxuyntradumvoccmy.Phthinvsachakpthiccb phn r, c hay b mn. -Gimrungbngcchlprpchnhxcccthitb,cchlyccmngmyvi sng, di b my c lt cc tm n hi hay b phn chng sc, c th gn cc l so gim rung cho thit b. http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 41-S dng cc dng c bo h lao ng chng n trong qu trnh sn xut. 9.1.1.3. An ton v thit b chu p: Cc thit b chu p trong nh my nh ni hi, my nn,. cn m bo vn hnh ng theo ch dn. Cn phi kim tra nh k v chu lc ca thit b, chnh xc ca p k, van an ton. Phi sa cha kp thi hay thay th cc thit b khi b h hng. Ni hi phi t xa ni sn xut, phi c van an ton v h thng t ng ngng t l khi p sut.Cc thng ln men thng xuyn kim tra kn, trnh hin tng r r. 9.1.1.4. An ton v s dng in: m bo an ton cn phi m bo cc nguyn tc sau: - Cng nhn phi tuyt i thc hin ni quy an ton v in. - Cc ng dy in phi c bao bc k, khng h bt k ch no.- Khng t my gn cc b phn sinh nhit. -B trngdyxatmtayhayngilicacngnhntrongphnxng,b tr cu dao in hp l ngt kp thi khi c s c. - Khi vn hnh thao tc gn in phi c dng c cch in. - Trm bin p phi c ro chn, ngn khng cho ngi vo vng nguy him. 9.1.1.5. An ton khi s dng my mc: Ngi cng nhn ng my cn hiu r v nguyn tc hot ng, cch vn hnh ca my mc trnh cc s c h hng thit b v tai nn xy ra. 9.1.1.6. An ton lao ng trong phng th nghim, KCS: Cn nm vng cc c im ca ho cht, ca phn ng ho hc. d kin cc s c xy ra ng thi ra phng php phng nga v x l s c. 9.1.2. Phng chy cha chy: Thc hin cc yu cu sau trong phng chy cha chy: http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 42 Trongtngphnxngphicccbnhchachy.Nhmyphichthngdtr nc cho phng chy cha chy. Thng xuyn t chc hi thao pccc hun luyn cho cc cn b cng nhn vin bit thc v PCCC. Qun o dnh du m phi git sch hoc treo trong t kn trnh bt la. Sau gi lm vic phi lun v sinh sch s phn xng sn xut, cc kho d tr. Tt c ng i trong nhmy phi trng d dng di chuynngi, ti sn v xe khi c s c. Cm ht thuc nhng ni d pht sinh la, in. 9.2.V sinh cng nghip: 9.2.1. V sinh thit b nh xng: Nh xng cn m bo thng gi thong kh. Cc thit b trong phn xng phi clmv sinhbng xt, acid, ncnng saumi m. cc thng ln men, nc ra phi c kim tra vi sinh. Ti phn xng chit rt, phi v sinh chai, nt trc khi chit rt.Thng xuyn kh trng cc thit b v cc ng ng dn. Tin hnh tng vsinh trong phn xng 1 tun 1 ln, v sinh ton nh my 1 thng 1 ln. Tt c cc my mc phi c b phn bo tr. 9.2.2. V sinh cng nhn: Bn cnh vic bo m v sinh cho sn xut, cn ch n v sinh cho cng nhn: Cng nhn phi mc ng phc khi lm vic, phi tun th cc nguyn tc v v sinh an ton lao ng. Cng nhn phi kim trasc kho nh k 6 thng 1 ln. Nhv sinh phi clau chisch sv mbo cung cp nc cho cng nhn s dng. Phng thay qun o phi c cc ngn, mc treo. http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 43CHNG 10 KT LUN V XUT Thit k phn xng sn xut l mt phn ca thit k nh my, i hi ngi thit k phi ckinthctngqut,khngchlnhvccngnghmcnphickinthcvthctv nhiu kin thc ph tr khc. Thc hin n mn hc Cng ngh thc phm ln ny v ti thit k phn xng sn xutdalnhngemlichochngemthmrtnhiukinthc,cbitlnhngkin thcthc t.Qua,chngemvcbnc tht thitkcmtphnxngsnxut thc phm theo yu cu. Vic thit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng l thc s cn thit p ng vi nhu cu ngy cng tng ca x hi, tn dng c li th v ngun nguyn liu v thnh tu khoa hc k thut th hin qua dy chuyn sn xut gn nh l hon ton t ng. Vi mt phn xng sn xut thc phm m bo pht trin bn vng v lu di chng em ngh nn thc hin tt cc qui nh v an ton lao ng v c bit l cc yu cu v v sinh an ton thc phm, ngy cng c nhiu c s sn xut thc phm p dng h thng HACCP - H thngphntchminguyvkimsotccimtihn.ViHACCP,vickimsotvsinh thcphmdavocchthngccbinphpphngngahiuqutkhunguynliu,bn thnh phm, thnh phm, thhin quavic kimsot cc qu trnh cngngh,mi trng, con ngi thchinbngvic phn tch,xy dngv t chc kimsot cc minguyhim ti cc im kim sot trng im trong c dy chuyn sn xut ch khng ch kim tra cc ch tiu trn sn phm cui cng.Vic p dng cc qui phm v v sinh an ton thc phm cng cn thit hn i vi cc c s sn xut thc phm nhm mc ch xut khu, cng tc kim sot v sinh cn thc hin mc cao hn nhm p ng yu cu ca nh nhp khu m cc phn xng sn xut rau qu ng lnh nc ta ch yu phc v cho xut khu. Tuynhin,vign10tuntmhiuthchinnnycngvivnkinthccnhn ch ng thi y cng l ln u tin chng em thc hin thit k mt phn xng sn xut nn http://www.ebook.edu.vnThit k phn xng sn xut da lnh ng Trang 44 n ny chc chn s khng trnh khi nhng sai st m chng em nhn thy qua nhng im sau: Phn chn thit b: kh nng tm ti liu trn mng cn hn ch nn cc thng s ca thit b nhiu khi s khng hp l vi thc t sn xut. Phn tnh kinh t: ch mc tng i v gi tin ca thit b ch mang tnh tham kho nn khng xc nh c chnh xc hiu qu kinh t m n thit k mang li. Vvy,chngemrtmongnhncschdncathycbsungthmkinthc ca mnh.