Tổng Quan về XML

8/7/2019 Tng Quan v XML

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Nhm trnh by: Nguyn Phm Tin Thanh.V Cng Tm.

Gio vin hng dn:

Thy Nguyn Trn Thi Vn

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Tng Quan XMLXML c dng u?So

snh XML v HTMLLch sng dngCc ng dng thc tu im XMLCu trc ti liu XMLTo mt ti liu XML Well-formed

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ngng dngdng webweb: gim thi gian load trang web.ChaCha nini dungdung trangtrang webweb : s dng XSLT hay

CSS chuyn i v h in th trang web.Remote Procedure Call (RPC)Remote Procedure Call (RPC): i tng my ny gi i tng my khc. S dngXML v HTTP.

Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP): tngt nh RPC cho php thng qua firewall.

eCommerceeCommerce: B2B, B2C,


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XML rt khc so vi HTML.HTML nh ngha mt tp nhng tag c nh

miu t cc element . Do , ta khng c tagm ta mong mun.i vi XML, chng ta c th to ra nhng tag

m chng ta cn. Tag to ra phi nh ngha

trong DTD (Document Type Definition).

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.L ngn ng nh du tiu chun tng qut (SGML- Standard Generalized Markup Language), mtngn ng biu th d liu trong nhng ng dng xl vn bn a dng v c cu trc tinh vi.

Nhcim ca n l rt rc ri, kh hc, kh sdng,...Chnh v l vo nm 1990 Tim Berners-Lee CERN, to ra HTML (l mt ng dng ca

SGML), mt phn nh ca SGML, nhng mingi li rt d dng. Khng ng s thnh cng caHTML vt qu sc tng tng ca chnh tc gi.

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SGML: phc tp khng thch hp trao id liu trn mi trng web. cn mt ngn

ng tng t nhng n gin hnHTML: rt ph hp hin th d liu chotrnh duyt. Nhng tag ny ch m t cchhin th, khng m t ngha ca d l iu.

XML l nhnh con ca SGML c gin lcha.


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Lch s

n 1995 ngi ta bt u thy s gii hn caHTML, mc d n c Netscape, Microsoft cgng thm tht, bi s thnh hnh ca Web.

ng lc vo 1996, Jon Bosak SunMicrosystem khi u nhm cng tc W3C

SGML, by gic gi l nhm XML.

Mcch l n gin ho SGML n d dngnh HTML m ng thi mnh m, d dng,...

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Lch sBn XML u tin vo11 nm 1996. Thng 7nm 1997 Microsoft p dng XML, ChannelDefinition Format (CDF).

H dng CDF xut bn cc trang Web nnhng khch ng tin thng (subscribers).Thng 5 nm 1997 Microsoft vInso Corporation xut bn XSL (eXtensible Style

Language) lm Style Sheet din t cch trnhby mt trang XML.

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XML l siu ngn ng nh du (meta-markuplanguage ) dng thit k ngn ng nh du chocc lnh vcc th khc.

Mi markup language da trn XML th gi l ngdng XML (XML application).

Mi XML application c mt syntax v vocabulary.

Nhng syntax v vocabulary tun th cc quy tc cbn ca XML.

XML (systax, vocabulary).


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MathML : l mt ng dng ca XML (nh nghamt bng t vng XML ) th hin k hiu vcng thc ton hc.

Cho php c t v cch thc lu tr c cu trcln ni dungca cccng thc ton hc.

Cung cp phng thc trao i thng tin ton hctrn my tnh ( hin thcng nh tnh ton)v hin thcc ti liu ton hc trn WWW.

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MathML

Presentation MathML+ Content MathML

MathML


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HTML+TIME:

V d: Bn mun to trang web HTML viphong cch thuyt trnh slide-show . Bao gm

ng b gia vn bn, hnh nh, m thanh vvideo v c thhn gi, tng tc vi chng.

Tac th

s

dng HTML+TIME

thm

c

cni dung ng v c th tng tc n nidung vo cc Web page.


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SVG (Scalable VectorGraphics):SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics): havector mrng.

L mt ng dng ca XML v dng miut cc hnh nh ha vc t hai chiu, tnh vhot hnh, dng cho ng dng trn cctrang

web.

c pht trin bi W3C.

4/25/2011Introduction XML18


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MusicML:Music Markup Language (MML) l ng dng

cho cc bng nhc .

MML nh du cci tng v cc s kinm nhcda trn ngn ng XML.

4/25/2011Introduction XML19


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VD:

Mrs. Mary McGoon Anytown


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Khai bo XML:Hu ht cc vn bn XML ubt u vi mt khai bo XML th s a racho b ki

m ng nhng thng tin

c bn

ctrong vn bn

Khai bo XML c thc, nhng khng btbuc.Nu c, n phi l thu tin trong vn bn.VD:


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Comment(ghi ch): ch thch chotiliu XML

Comment s c b qua khi bin dchVD:Note: khng c s dng - - trong ni

dung comment.


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Entity References

Entity ni n cch vit mt s du c bit

c

nh ngha trc

trong XML. C5

entities di y:


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XML th d m rng, developers thch nbi v nhiu l do:

Phc v cho nhng lnh vc (domain)chuyn bit.

Trao i d l iu gia cc ng dng

D liu t m t. D liu hp nht v c cu trc.

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L KiuD liu t m t:XML l mt nh dng d liu n gin ng

kinh ngc. (100 per

cent pure ASCII) mc cao hn, XML l ngn ng t miu t

(self-describing)

V d:

Introduction XML28

4/25/2011


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D liu hp nht, c cu trc.XML l mu l tng cho nhng ti liu ln vphc tpbi v d liu XML c cu trc.N khng ch ta ch r t vng(vocabulary)

nh ngha ccphn t(element) m cn chota ch r mi quan h(relationship) gia cc

phn t.

Introduction XML29

4/25/2011


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well-formed, mt ti liu XML phi theo ngcc lut sau y: Phi c mt root (gc) Elementduy nht, gi l Document Element, n cha ttc

c

cElements kh

ctrong ti li

u.Mi Tag mc Tag ng ging nh n.

Tags trong XML r rng, tc l Tag m v Tagngphi cnh vn y nh nhau, ch hoahay ch thng.

Mi Child Element phi nm trn bn trongElement cha ca n.

Gi tr thuc tnh trong XML phi c gi giamt cp ngoc kp hay mt cp ngoc n.

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Lut th nht i hi mt root Element duy nht,nn ti liu di y khng well-formed:Minh ha:Chair

DeskMt ti liu XML khng c root Element c gi

l mt XML fragment (mnh). Munwell-formed thm mt root Element nh di y:

Chair Desk

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Mi opening Tag phic mt

closing Tag gi

ng nhn. Mi Tag m ra phi cng li.. on XML

di y khng well-formed v n c cha mt mtTag thiu closing Tag :

2002-6-14

Helen Mooney2

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lm cho n well-formed ta phi thm ci closing tag choElement Item th nht:

2002-6-14

Helen Mooney

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Lut th ba ni l tn Tag th case sensitive, tc lclosing Tag phi nh vn y ht nh opening Tag,

phn bit ch hoa, ch thng. on XML di y

khng well-formed v opening Tag v closing Tagsca Element OrderDate khng nh vn gingnhau:

Minh ha:

2001-01-01Graeme Malcolm

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Mun lm cho n well formed, ta phi sa ch dthnh ch hoa (uppercase) D nh sau:

Fixed:

2001-01-01

Graeme Malcolm

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Lut th t ni mi Child Element phi nm trn bn trongElementcha ca n, tc l khng th bt u mt Element mi khi

Element nycha chm dt. Th d nh ti liu XML di y khng well-

formedv closing Tag ca Category hin ra trcclosing Tag ca

Product.V d:

Coca-Cola

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Mun sa cho n well-formed ta cn phi ngTag Product trc nh di y:Fixed:

Coca-Cola

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Ti liu XML well-formed i hi gi tr cathuc tnh phi c gi trong mt cp ngocn hay ngoc kp.on XML di khng

well formed:Minh ha:

Chair


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Minh ha:

ChairDesk

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Quy tct tn: Tn mi th (tag) phi bt ubng 1 k t.VD:Sai:Son

ng:Son

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Thanks for attention

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Documents

Tổng Quan về XML