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TreatyofParis1763ThedefinitiveTreatyofPeaceandFriendshipbetweenhisBritannickMajesty,theMostChristianKing,andtheKingofSpain.ConcludedatParisthe10thdayof
February,1763.TowhichtheKingofPortugalaccededonthesameday.(PrintedfromtheCopy.)
IntheNameoftheMostHolyandUndividedTrinity,Father,Son,andHolyGhost.Sobeit.Beitknowntoallthosewhomitshall,ormay,inanymanner,belong,IthaspleasedtheMostHightodiffusethespiritofunionandconcordamongthePrinces,whosedivisionshadspreadtroublesinthefourpartsoftheworld,andtoinspirethemwiththeinclinationtocausethecomfortsofpeacetosucceedtothemisfortunesofalongandbloodywar,whichhavingarisenbetweenEnglandandFranceduringthereignoftheMostSereneandMostPotentPrince,GeorgetheSecond,bythegraceofGod,KingofGreatBritain,ofgloriousmemory,continuedunderthereignoftheMostSereneandMostPotentPrince,GeorgetheThird,hissuccessor,and,initsprogress,communicateditselftoSpainandPortugal:Consequently,theMostSereneandMostPotentPrince,GeorgetheThird,bythegraceofGod,KingofGreatBritain,France,andIreland,DukeofBrunswickandLunenbourg,ArchTreasurerandElectoroftheHolyRomanEmpire;theMostSereneandMostPotentPrince,LewistheFifteenth,bythegraceofGod,MostChristianKing;andtheMostSereneandMostPotentPrince,CharlestheThird,bythegraceofGod,KingofSpainandoftheIndies,afterhavinglaidthefoundationsofpeaceinthepreliminariessignedatFontainebleauthethirdofNovemberlast;andtheMostSereneandMostPotentPrince,DonJosephtheFirst,bythegraceofGod,KingofPortugalandoftheAlgarves,afterhavingaccededthereto,determinedtocompleat,withoutdelay,thisgreatandimportantwork.Forthispurpose,thehighcontractingpartieshavenamedandappointedtheirrespectiveAmbassadorsExtraordinaryandMinistersPlenipotentiary,viz.hisSacredMajestytheKingofGreatBritain,theMostIllustriousandMostExcellentLord,JohnDukeandEarlofBedford,MarquisofTavistock,c.hisMinisterofState,LieutenantGeneralofhisArmies,KeeperofhisPrivySeal,KnightoftheMostNobleOrderoftheGarter,andhisAmbassadorExtraordinaryandMinisterPlenipotentiarytohisMostChristianMajesty;hisSacredMajestytheMostChristianKing,theMostIllustriousandMostExcellentLord,CsarGabrieldeChoiseul,DukeofPraslin,PeerofFrance,KnightofhisOrders,LieutenantGeneralofhisArmiesandoftheprovinceofBritanny,CounsellorofallhisCounsils,andMinisterandSecretaryofState,andofhisCommandsandFinances:hisSacredMajestytheCatholickKing,theMostIllustriousandMostExcellentLord,DonJeromeGrimaldi,MarquisdeGrimaldi,KnightoftheMostChristianKing'sOrders,GentlemanofhisCatholickMajesty'sBedchamberinEmployment,andhisAmbassadorExtraordinarytohisMostChristianMajesty;hisSacredMajestytheMostFaithfulKing,theMostIllustriousandMostExcellentLord,MartindeMelloandCastro,KnightprofessedoftheOrderofChrist,ofhisMostFaithfulMajesty'sCouncil,andhisAmbassadorandMinisterPlenipotentiarytohisMostChristianMajesty.
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Who,afterhavingdulycommunicatedtoeachothertheirfullpowers,ingoodform,copieswhereofaretranscribedattheendofthepresenttreatyofpeace,haveagreeduponthearticles,thetenorofwhichisasfollows:ArticleI.ThereshallbeaChristian,universal,andperpetualpeace,aswellbyseaasbyland,andasincereandconstantfriendshipshallbereestablishedbetweentheirBritannick,MostChristian,Catholick,andMostFaithfulMajesties,andbetweentheirheirsandsuccessors,kingdoms,dominions,provinces,countries,subjects,andvassals,ofwhatqualityorconditionsoevertheybe,withoutexceptionofplacesorofpersons:Sothatthehighcontractingpartiesshallgivethegreatestattentiontomaintainbetweenthemselvesandtheirsaiddominionsandsubjectsthisreciprocalfriendshipandcorrespondence,withoutpermitting,oneitherside,anykindofhostilities,byseaorbyland,tobecommittedfromhenceforth,foranycause,orunderanypretencewhatsoever,andeverythingshallbecarefullyavoidedwhichmighthereafterprejudicetheunionhappilyreestablished,applyingthemselves,onthecontrary,oneveryoccasion,toprocureforeachotherwhatevermaycontributetotheirmutualglory,interests,andadvantages,withoutgivinganyassistanceorprotection,directlyorindirectly,tothosewhowouldcauseanyprejudicetoeitherofthehighcontractingparties:thereshallbeageneraloblivionofeverythingthatmayhavebeendoneorcommittedbeforeorsincethecommencementofthewarwhichisjustended.II.ThetreatiesofWestphaliaof1648;thoseofMadridbetweentheCrownsofGreatBritainandSpainof1661,and1670;thetreatiesofpeaceofNimeguenof1678,and1679;ofRyswickof1697;thoseofpeaceandofcommerceofUtrechtof1713;thatofBadenof1714;thetreatyofthetripleallianceoftheHagueof1717;thatofthequadrupleallianceofLondonof1118;thetreatyofpeaceofViennaof1738;thedefinitivetreatyofAixlaChapelleof1748;andthatofMadrid,betweentheCrownsofGreatBritainandSpainof1750:aswellasthetreatiesbetweentheCrownsofSpainandPortugalofthe13thofFebruary,1668;ofthe6thofFebruary,1715;andofthe12thofFebruary,1761;andthatofthe11thofApril,1713,betweenFranceandPortugalwiththeguarantiesofGreatBritain,serveasabasisandfoundationtothepeace,andtothepresenttreaty:andforthispurposetheyareallrenewedandconfirmedinthebestform,aswellasallthegeneral,whichsubsistedbetweenthehighcontractingpartiesbeforethewar,asiftheywereinsertedherewordforword,sothattheyaretobeexactlyobserved,forthefuture,intheirwholetenor,andreligiouslyexecutedonallsides,inalltheirpoints,whichshallnotbederogatedfrombythepresenttreaty,notwithstandingallthatmayhavebeenstipulatedtothecontrarybyanyofthehighcontractingparties:andallthesaidpartiesdeclare,thattheywillnotsufferanyprivilege,favour,orindulgencetosubsist,contrarytothetreatiesaboveconfirmed,exceptwhatshallhavebeenagreedandstipulatedbythepresenttreaty.III.Alltheprisonersmade,onallsides,aswellbylandasbysea,andthehostagescarriedawayorgivenduringthewar,andtothisday,shallberestored,withoutransom,sixweeks,atleast,tobecomputedfromthedayoftheexchangeoftheratificationofthepresenttreaty,eachcrownrespectivelypayingtheadvanceswhichshallhavebeenmadeforthesubsistanceandmaintenanceoftheirprisonersbytheSovereignofthecountrywheretheyshallhavebeendetained,accordingtotheattestedreceiptsand
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estimatesandotherauthenticvoucherswhichshallbefurnishedononesideandtheother.Andsecuritiesshallbereciprocallygivenforthepaymentofthedebtswhichtheprisonersshallhavecontractedinthecountrieswheretheyhavebeendetaineduntiltheirentireliberty.AndalltheshipsofwarandmerchantvesselsWhichshallhavebeentakensincetheexpirationofthetermsagreeduponforthecessationofhostilitiesbyseashalllikewiseberestored,bonfide,withalltheircrewsandcargoes:andtheexecutionofthisarticleshallbeproceededuponimmediatelyaftertheexchangeoftheratificationsofthistreaty.IV.HisMostChristianMajestyrenouncesallpretensionswhichhehasheretoforeformedormighthaveformedtoNovaScotiaorAcadiainallitsparts,andguarantiesthewholeofit,andwithallitsdependencies,totheKingofGreatBritain:Moreover,hisMostChristianMajestycedesandguarantiestohissaidBritannickMajesty,infullright,Canada,withallitsdependencies,aswellastheislandofCapeBreton,andalltheotherislandsandcoastsinthegulphandriverofSt.Lawrence,andingeneral,everythingthatdependsonthesaidcountries,lands,islands,andcoasts,withthesovereignty,property,possession,andallrightsacquiredbytreaty,orotherwise,whichtheMostChristianKingandtheCrownofFrancehavehadtillnowoverthesaidcountries,lands,islands,places,coasts,andtheirinhabitants,sothattheMostChristianKingcedesandmakesoverthewholetothesaidKing,andtotheCrownofGreatBritain,andthatinthemostamplemannerandform,withoutrestriction,andwithoutanylibertytodepartfromthesaidcessionandguarantyunderanypretence,ortodisturbGreatBritaininthepossessionsabovementioned.HisBritannickMajesty,onhisside,agreestograntthelibertyoftheCatholickreligiontotheinhabitantsofCanada:hewill,inconsequence,givethemostpreciseandmosteffectualorders,thathisnewRomanCatholicsubjectsmayprofesstheworshipoftheirreligionaccordingtotheritesoftheRomishchurch,asfarasthelawsofGreatBritainpermit.HisBritannickMajestyfartheragrees,thattheFrenchinhabitants,orotherswhohadbeensubjectsoftheMostChristianKinginCanada,mayretirewithallsafetyandfreedomwherevertheyshallthinkproper,andmayselltheirestates,provideditbetothesubjectsofhisBritannickMajesty,andbringawaytheireffectsaswellastheirpersons,withoutbeingrestrainedintheiremigration,underanypretencewhatsoever,exceptthatofdebtsorofcriminalprosecutions:Thetermlimitedforthisemigrationshallbefixedtothespaceofeighteenmonths,tobecomputedfromthedayoftheexchangeoftheratificationofthepresenttreaty.V.ThesubjectsofFranceshallhavethelibertyoffishinganddryingonapartofthecoastsoftheislandofNewfoundland,suchasitisspecifiedintheXIIItharticleofthetreatyofUtrecht;whicharticleisrenewedandconfirmedbythepresenttreaty,(exceptwhatrelatestotheislandofCapeBreton,aswellastotheotherislandsandcoastsinthemouthandinthegulphofSt.Lawrence:)AndhisBritannickMajestyconsentstoleavetothesubjectsoftheMostChristianKingthelibertyoffishinginthegulphofSt.Lawrence,onconditionthatthesubjectsofFrancedonotexercisethesaidfisherybutatthedistanceofthreeleaguesfromallthecoastsbelongingtoGreatBritain,aswellthoseofthecontinentasthoseoftheislandssituatedinthesaidgulphofSt.Lawrence.AndastowhatrelatestothefisheryonthecoastsoftheislandofCapeBreton,outofthesaidgulph,thesubjectsoftheMostChristianKingshallnotbepermittedtoexercise
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thesaidfisherybutatthedistanceoffifteenleaguesfromthecoastsoftheislandofCapeBreton;andthefisheryonthecoastsofNovaScotiaorAcadia,andeverywhereelseoutofthesaidgulph,shallremainonthefootofformertreaties.VI.TheKingofGreatBritaincedestheislandsofSt.PierreandMacquelon,infullright,tohisMostChristianMajesty,toserveasasheltertotheFrenchfishermen;andhissaidMostChristianMajestyengagesnottofortifythesaidislands;toerectnobuildingsuponthembutmerelyfortheconveniencyofthefishery;andtokeepuponthemaguardoffiftymenonlyforthepolice.VII.Inordertoreestablishpeaceonsolidanddurablefoundations,andtoremoveforeverallsubjectofdisputewithregardtothelimitsoftheBritishandFrenchterritoriesonthecontinentofAmerica;itisagreed,that,forthefuture,theconfinesbetweenthedominionsofhisBritannickMajestyandthoseofhisMostChristianMajesty,inthatpartoftheworld,shallbefixedirrevocablybyalinedrawnalongthemiddleoftheRiverMississippi,fromitssourcetotheriverIberville,andfromthence,byalinedrawnalongthemiddleofthisriver,andthelakesMaurepasandPontchartraintothesea;andforthispurpose,theMostChristianKingcedesinfullright,andguarantiestohisBritannickMajestytheriverandportoftheMobile,andeverythingwhichhepossesses,oroughttopossess,ontheleftsideoftheriverMississippi,exceptthetownofNewOrleansandtheislandinwhichitissituated,whichshallremaintoFrance,providedthatthenavigationoftheriverMississippishallbeequallyfree,aswelltothesubjectsofGreatBritainastothoseofFrance,initswholebreadthandlength,fromitssourcetothesea,andexpresslythatpartwhichisbetweenthesaidislandofNewOrleansandtherightbankofthatriver,aswellasthepassagebothinandoutofitsmouth:Itisfartherstipulated,thatthevesselsbelongingtothesubjectsofeithernationshallnotbestopped,visited,orsubjectedtothepaymentofanydutywhatsoever.ThestipulationsinsertedintheIVtharticle,infavouroftheinhabitantsofCanadashallalsotakeplacewithregardtotheinhabitantsofthecountriescededbythisarticle.VIII.TheKingofGreatBritainshallrestoretoFrancetheislandsofGuadeloupe,ofMariegalante,ofDesirade,ofMartinico,andofBelleisle;andthefortressesoftheseislandsshallberestoredinthesameconditiontheywereinwhentheywereconqueredbytheBritisharms,providedthathisBritannickMajesty'ssubjects,whoshallhavesettledinthesaidislands,orthosewhoshallhaveanycommercialaffairstosettlethereorinotherplacesrestoredtoFrancebythepresenttreaty,shallhavelibertytoselltheirlandsandtheirestates,tosettletheiraffairs,torecovertheirdebts,andtobringawaytheireffectsaswellastheirpersons,onboardvessels,whichtheyshallbepermittedtosendtothesaidislandsandotherplacesrestoredasabove,andwhichshallserveforthisuseonly,withoutbeingrestrainedonaccountoftheirreligion,orunderanyotherpretencewhatsoever,exceptthatofdebtsorofcriminalprosecutions:andforthispurpose,thetermofeighteenmonthsisallowedtohisBritannickMajesty'ssubjects,tobecomputedfromthedayoftheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty;but,asthelibertygrantedtohisBritannickMajesty'ssubjects,tobringawaytheirpersonsandtheireffects,invesselsoftheirnation,maybeliabletoabusesifprecautionswerenottakentopreventthem;ithasbeenexpresslyagreedbetweenhisBritannickMajestyandhisMostChristianMajesty,thatthenumberofEnglishvessels
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whichhaveleavetogotothesaidislandsandplacesrestoredtoFrance,shallbelimited,aswellasthenumberoftonsofeachone;thattheyshallgoinballast;shallsetsailatafixedtime;andshallmakeonevoyageonly;alltheeffectsbelongingtotheEnglishbeingtobeembarkedatthesametime.Ithasbeenfartheragreed,thathisMostChristianMajestyshallcausethenecessarypassportstobegiventothesaidvessels;that,forthegreatersecurity,itshallbeallowedtoplacetwoFrenchclerksorguardsineachofthesaidvessels,whichshallbevisitedinthelandingplacesandportsofthesaidislandsandplacesrestoredtoFrance,andthatthemerchandizewhichshallbefoundthereinshallbeconfiscated.IX.TheMostChristianKingcedesandguarantiestohisBritannickMajesty,infullright,theislandsofGrenada,andtheGrenadines,withthesamestipulationsinfavouroftheinhabitantsofthiscolony,insertedintheIVtharticleforthoseofCanada:Andthepartitionoftheislandscalledneutral,isagreedandfixed,sothatthoseofSt.Vincent,Dominico,andTobago,shallremaininfullrighttoGreatBritain,andthatofSt.LuciashallbedeliveredtoFrance,toenjoythesamelikewiseinfullright,andthehighcontractingpartiesguarantythepartitionsostipulated.X.HisBritannickMajestyshallrestoretoFrancetheislandofGoreeintheconditionitwasinwhenconquered:andhisMostChristianMajestycedes,infullright,andguarantiestotheKingofGreatBritaintheriverSenegal,withthefortsandfactoriesofSt.Lewis,Podor,andGalam,andwithalltherightsanddependenciesofthesaidriverSenegal.XI.IntheEastIndiesGreatBritainshallrestoretoFrance,intheconditiontheyarenowin,thedifferentfactorieswhichthatCrownpossessed,aswellasonthecoastofCoromandelandOrixaasonthatofMalabar,asalsoinBengal,atthebeginningoftheyear1749.AndhisMostChristianMajestyrenouncesallpretensiontotheacquisitionswhichhehasmadeonthecoastofCoromandelandOrixasincethesaidbeginningoftheyear1749.HisMostChristianMajestyshallrestore,onhisside,allthathemayhaveconqueredfromGreatBritainintheEastIndiesduringthepresentwar;andwillexpresslycauseNattalandTapanoully,intheislandofSumatra,toberestored;heengagesfarther,nottoerectfortifications,ortokeeptroopsinanypartofthedominionsoftheSubahofBengal.AndinordertopreservefuturepeaceonthecoastofCoromandelandOrixa,theEnglishandFrenchshallacknowledgeMahometAllyKhanforlawfulNaboboftheCarnatick,andSalabatJingforlawfulSubahoftheDecan;andbothpartiesshallrenouncealldemandsandpretensionsofsatisfactionwithwhichtheymightchargeeachother,ortheirIndianallies,forthedepredationsorpillagecommittedontheonesideorontheotherduringthewar.XII.TheislandofMinorcashallberestoredtohisBritannickMajesty,aswellasFortSt.Philip,inthesameconditiontheywereinwhenconqueredbythearmsoftheMostChristianKing;andwiththeartillerywhichwastherewhenthesaidislandandthesaidfortweretaken.XIII.ThetownandportofDunkirkshallbeputintothestatefixedbythelasttreatyofAixlaChapelle,andbyformertreaties.TheCunetteshallbedestroyedimmediatelyaftertheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty,aswellasthefortsandbatterieswhichdefendtheentranceonthesideofthesea;andprovisionshallbemade
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atthesametimeforthewholesomenessoftheair,andforthehealthoftheinhabitants,bysomeothermeans,tothesatisfactionoftheKingofGreatBritain.XIV.FranceshallrestoreallthecountriesbelongingtotheElectorateofHanover,totheLandgraveofHesse,totheDukeofBrunswick,andtotheCountofLaLippeBuckebourg,whichareorshallbeoccupiedbyhisMostChristianMajesty'sarms:thefortressesofthesedifferentcountriesshallberestoredinthesameconditiontheywereinwhenconqueredbytheFrencharms;andthepiecesofartillery,whichshallhavebeencarriedelsewhere,shallbereplacedbythesamenumber,ofthesamebore,weightandmetal.XV.IncasethestipulationscontainedintheXIIItharticleofthepreliminariesshouldnotbecompleatedatthetimeofthesignatureofthepresenttreaty,aswellwithregardtotheevacuationstobemadebythearmiesofFranceofthefortressesofCleves,Wezel,Guelders,andofallthecountriesbelongingtotheKingofPrussia,aswithregardtotheevacuationstobemadebytheBritishandFrencharmiesofthecountrieswhichtheyoccupyinWestphalia,LowerSaxony,ontheLowerRhine,theUpperRhine,andinalltheempire;andtotheretreatofthetroopsintothedominionsoftheirrespectiveSovereigns:theirBritannickandMostChristianMajestiespromisetoproceed,bonfide,withallthedispatchthecasewillpermitoftothesaidevacuations,theentirecompletionwhereoftheystipulatebeforethe15thofMarchnext,orsoonerifitcanbedone;andtheirBritannickandMostChristianMajestiesfartherengageandpromisetoeachother,nottofurnishanysuccoursofanykindtotheirrespectiveallieswhoshallcontinueengagedinthewarinGermany.XVI.ThedecisionoftheprizesmadeintimeofpeacebythesubjectsofGreatBritain,ontheSpaniards,shallbereferredtotheCourtsofJusticeoftheAdmiraltyofGreatBritain,conformablytotherulesestablishedamongallnations,sothatthevalidityofthesaidprizes,betweentheBritishandSpanishnations,shallbedecidedandjudged,accordingtothelawofnations,andaccordingtotreaties,intheCourtsofJusticeofthenationwhoshallhavemadethecapture.XVII.HisBritannickMajestyshallcausetobedemolishedallthefortificationswhichhissubjectsshallhaveerectedinthebayofHonduras,andotherplacesoftheterritoryofSpaininthatpartoftheworld,fourmonthsaftertheratificationofthepresenttreaty;andhisCatholickMajestyshallnotpermithisBritannickMajesty'ssubjects,ortheirworkmen,tobedisturbedormolestedunderanypretencewhatsoeverinthesaidplaces,intheiroccupationofcutting,loading,andcarryingawaylogwood;andforthispurpose,theymaybuild,withouthindrance,andoccupy,withoutinterruption,thehousesandmagazinesnecessaryforthem,fortheirfamilies,andfortheireffects;andhisCatholickMajestyassurestothem,bythisarticle,thefullenjoymentofthoseadvantagesandpowersontheSpanishcoastsandterritories,asabovestipulated,immediatelyaftertheratificationofthepresenttreaty.XVIII.HisCatholickMajestydesists,aswellforhimselfasforhissuccessors,fromallpretensionwhichhemayhaveformedinfavouroftheGuipuscoans,andotherhissubjects,totherightoffishingintheneighbourhoodoftheislandofNewfoundland.XIX.TheKingofGreatBritainshallrestoretoSpainalltheterritorywhichhehasconqueredintheislandofCuba,withthefortressoftheHavannah;andthisfortress,aswellasalltheotherfortressesofthesaidisland,shallberestoredinthesamecondition
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theywereinwhenconqueredbyhisBritannickMajesty'sarms,providedthathisBritannickMajesty'ssubjectswhoshallhavesettledinthesaidisland,restoredtoSpainbythepresenttreaty,orthosewhoshallhaveanycommercialaffairstosettlethere,shallhavelibertytoselltheirlandsandtheirestates,tosettletheiraffairs,recovertheirdebts,andtobringawaytheireffects,aswellastheirpersons,onboardvesselswhichtheyshallbepermittedtosendtothesaidislandrestoredasabove,andwhichshallserveforthatuseonly,withoutbeingrestrainedonaccountoftheirreligion,orunderanyotherpretencewhatsoever,exceptthatofdebtsorofcriminalprosecutions:Andforthispurpose,thetermofeighteenmonthsisallowedtohisBritannickMajesty'ssubjects,tobecomputedfromthedayoftheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty:butasthelibertygrantedtohisBritannickMajesty'ssubjects,tobringawaytheirpersonsandtheireffects,invesselsoftheirnation,maybeliabletoabusesifprecautionswerenottakentopreventthem;ithasbeenexpresslyagreedbetweenhisBritannickMajestyandhisCatholickMajesty,thatthenumberofEnglishvesselswhichshallhaveleavetogotothesaidislandrestoredtoSpainshallbelimited,aswellasthenumberoftonsofeachone;thattheyshallgoinballast;shallsetsailatafixedtime;andshallmakeonevoyageonly;alltheeffectsbelongingtotheEnglishbeingtobeembarkedatthesametime:ithasbeenfartheragreed,thathisCatholickMajestyshallcausethenecessarypassportstobegiventothesaidvessels;thatforthegreatersecurity,itshallbeallowedtoplacetwoSpanishclerksorguardsineachofthesaidvessels,whichshallbevisitedinthelandingplacesandportsofthesaidislandrestoredtoSpain,andthatthemerchandizewhichshallbefoundthereinshallbeconfiscated.XX.Inconsequenceoftherestitutionstipulatedintheprecedingarticle,hisCatholickMajestycedesandguaranties,infullright,tohisBritannickMajesty,Florida,withFortSt.Augustin,andtheBayofPensacola,aswellasallthatSpainpossessesonthecontinentofNorthAmerica,totheEastortotheSouthEastoftheriverMississippi.And,ingeneral,everythingthatdependsonthesaidcountriesandlands,withthesovereignty,property,possession,andallrights,acquiredbytreatiesorotherwise,whichtheCatholickKingandtheCrownofSpainhavehadtillnowoverthesaidcountries,lands,places,andtheirinhabitants;sothattheCatholickKingcedesandmakesoverthewholetothesaidKingandtotheCrownofGreatBritain,andthatinthemostamplemannerandform.HisBritannickMajestyagrees,onhisside,togranttotheinhabitantsofthecountriesaboveceded,thelibertyoftheCatholickreligion;hewill,consequently,givethemostexpressandthemosteffectualordersthathisnewRomanCatholicsubjectsmayprofesstheworshipoftheirreligionaccordingtotheritesoftheRomishchurch,asfarasthelawsofGreatBritainpermit.HisBritannickMajestyfartheragrees,thattheSpanishinhabitants,orotherswhohadbeensubjectsoftheCatholickKinginthesaidcountries,mayretire,withallsafetyandfreedom,wherevertheythinkproper;andmayselltheirestates,provideditbetohisBritannickMajesty'ssubjects,andbringawaytheireffects,aswellastheirpersonswithoutbeingrestrainedintheiremigration,underanypretencewhatsoever,exceptthatofdebts,orofcriminalprosecutions:thetermlimitedforthisemigrationbeingfixedtothespaceofeighteenmonths,tobecomputedfromthedayoftheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty.Itismoreoverstipulated,thathisCatholickMajestyshallhavepowertocauseall
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theeffectsthatmaybelongtohim,tobebroughtaway,whetheritbeartilleryorotherthings.XXI.TheFrenchandSpanishtroopsshallevacuatealltheterritories,lands,towns,places,andcastles,ofhisMostfaithfulMajestyinEurope,withoutanyreserve,whichshallhavebeenconqueredbythearmiesofFranceandSpain,andshallrestoretheminthesameconditiontheywereinwhenconquered,withthesameartilleryandammunition,whichwerefoundthere:AndwithregardtothePortugueseColoniesinAmerica,Africa,orintheEastIndies,ifanychangeshallhavehappenedthere,allthingsshallberestoredonthesamefootingtheywerein,andconformablytotheprecedingtreatieswhichsubsistedbetweentheCourtsofFrance,Spain,andPortugal,beforethepresentwar.XXII.Allthepapers,letters,documents,andarchives,whichwerefoundinthecountries,territories,townsandplacesthatarerestored,andthosebelongingtothecountriesceded,shallbe,respectivelyandbonfide,delivered,orfurnishedatthesametime,ifpossible,thatpossessionistaken,or,atlatest,fourmonthsaftertheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty,inwhateverplacesthesaidpapersordocumentsmaybefound.XXIII.Allthecountriesandterritories,whichmayhavebeenconquered,inwhatsoeverpartoftheworld,bythearmsoftheirBritannickandMostFaithfulMajesties,aswellasbythoseoftheirMostChristianandCatholickMajesties,whicharenotincludedinthepresenttreaty,eitherunderthetitleofcessions,orunderthetitleofrestitutions,shallberestoredwithoutdifficulty,andwithoutrequiringanycompensations.XXIV.Asitisnecessarytoassignafixedepochfortherestitutionsandtheevacuations,tobemadebyeachofthehighcontractingparties,itisagreed,thattheBritishandFrenchtroopsshallcompleat,beforethe15thofMarchnext,allthatshallremaintobeexecutedoftheXIIthandXIIItharticlesofthepreliminaries,signedthe3ddayofNovemberlast,withregardtotheevacuationtobemadeintheEmpire,orelsewhere.TheislandofBelleisleshallbeevacuatedsixweeksaftertheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty,orsoonerifitcanbedone.Guadeloupe,Desirade,MariegalanteMartinico,andSt.Lucia,threemonthsaftertheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty,orsoonerifitcanbedone.GreatBritainshalllikewise,attheendofthreemonthsaftertheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty,orsoonerifitcanbedone,enterintopossessionoftheriverandportoftheMobile,andofallthatistoformthelimitsoftheterritoryofGreatBritain,onthesideoftheriverMississippi,astheyarespecifiedintheVIItharticle.TheislandofGoreeshallbeevacuatedbyGreatBritain,threemonthsaftertheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty;andtheislandofMinorcabyFrance,atthesameepoch,orsoonerifitcanbedone:AndaccordingtotheconditionsoftheVItharticle,FranceshalllikewiseenterintopossessionoftheislandsofStPeter,andofMiquelon,attheendofthreemonthsaftertheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty.TheFactoriesintheEastIndiesshallberestoredsixmonthsaftertheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty,orsoonerifitcanbedone.ThefortressoftheHavannah,withallthathasbeenconqueredintheislandofCuba,shallberestoredthreemonthsaftertheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty,orsoonerifitcanbedone:And,at
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thesametime,GreatBritainshallenterintopossessionofthecountrycededbySpainaccordingtotheXXtharticle.AlltheplacesandcountriesofhismostFaithfulMajesty,inEurope,shallberestoredimmediatelyaftertheexchangeoftheratificationofthepresenttreaty:AndthePortuguesecolonies,whichmayhavebeenconquered,shallberestoredinthespaceofthreemonthsintheWestIndies,andofsixmonthsintheEastIndies,aftertheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty,orsoonerifitcanbedone.Allthefortresses,therestitutionwhereofisstipulatedabove,shallberestoredwiththeartilleryandammunition,whichwerefoundthereatthetimeoftheconquest.Inconsequencewhereof,thenecessaryordersshallbesentbyeachofthehighcontractingparties,withreciprocalpassportsfortheshipsthatshallcarrythem,immediatelyaftertheexchangeoftheratificationsofthepresenttreaty.XXV.HisBritannickMajesty,asElectorofBrunswickLunenbourg,aswellforhimselfasforhisheirsandsuccessors,andallthedominionsandpossessionsofhissaidMajestyinGermany,areincludedandguarantiedbythepresenttreatyofpeace.XXVI.TheirsacredBritannick,MostChristian,Catholick,andMostFaithfulMajesties,promisetoobservesincerelyandbonfide,allthearticlescontainedandsettledinthepresenttreaty;andtheywillnotsufferthesametobeinfringed,directlyorindirectly,bytheirrespectivesubjects;andthesaidhighcontractingparties,generallyandreciprocally,guarantytoeachotherallthestipulationsofthepresenttreaty.XXVII.Thesolemnratificationsofthepresenttreaty,expeditedingoodanddueform,shallbeexchangedinthiscityofParis,betweenthehighcontractingparties,inthespaceofamonth,orsoonerifpossible,tobecomputedfromthedayofthesignatureofthepresenttreaty.Inwitnesswhereof,wetheunderwrittentheirAmbassadorsExtraordinary,andMinistersPlenipotentiary,havesignedwithourhand,intheirname,andinvirtueofourfullpowers,havesignedthepresentdefinitivetreaty,andhavecausedthesealofourarmstobeputthereto.DoneatParisthetenthdayofFebruary,1763.Bedford,C.P.S.Choiseul,DucdePraslin.ElMarq.deGrimaldi.(L.S.)(L.S.)(LS)SEPARATEARTICLESI.Someofthetitlesmadeuseofbythecontractingpowers,eitherinthefullpowers,andotheracts,duringthecourseofthenegociation,orinthepreambleofthepresenttreaty,notbeinggenerallyacknowledged;ithasbeenagreed,thatnoprejudiceshalleverresulttherefromtoanyofthesaidcontractingparties,andthatthetitles,takenoromittedoneitherside,onoccasionofthesaidnegociation,andofthepresenttreaty,shallnotbecitedorquotedasaprecedent.II.Ithasbeenagreedanddetermined,thattheFrenchlanguagemadeuseofinallthecopiesofthepresenttreaty,shallnotbecomeanexamplewhichmaybealledged,ormadeaprecedentof,orprejudice,inanymanner,anyofthecontractingpowers;andthattheyshallconformthemselves,forthefuture,towhathasbeenobserved,andoughttobeobserved,withregardto,andonthepartofpowers,whoareused,andhavearight,togiveandtoreceivecopiesofliketreatiesinanotherlanguagethanFrench;thepresenttreatyhavingstillthesameforceandeffect,asiftheaforesaidcustomhadbeenthereinobserved.
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III.ThoughtheKingofPortugalhasnotsignedthepresentdefinitivetreaty,theirBritannick,MostChristian,andCatholickMajesties,acknowledge,nevertheless,thathisMostFaithfulMajestyisformallyincludedthereinasacontractingparty,andasifhehadexpresslysignedthesaidtreaty:Consequently,theirBritannick,MostChristian,andCatholickMajesties,respectivelyandconjointly,promisetohisMostFaithfulMajesty,inthemostexpressandmostbindingmanner,theexecutionofallandeverytheclauses,containedinthesaidtreaty,onhisactofaccession.ThepresentSeparateArticlesshallhavethesameforceasiftheywereinsertedinthetreaty.Inwitnesswhereof,WetheunderwrittenAmbassadorsExtraordinary,andMinistersPlenipotentiaryoftheirBritannick,MostChristianandCatholickMajesties,havesignedthepresentseparateArticles,andhavecausedthesealofourarmstobeputthereto.DoneatParis,the10thofFebruary,1763.Bedford,C.P.S.Choiseul,DucElMarq.de(L.S.)dePraslin.Grimaldi.(L.S.)(L.S.)HisBritannickMajesty'sfullPower.GEORGER.GEORGEtheThird,bythegraceofGod,KingofGreatBritain,FranceandIreland,DefenderoftheFaith,DukeofBrunswickandLunenbourg,ArchTreasurer,andPrinceElectoroftheHolyRomanEmpire,c.Toallandsingulartowhomthesepresentsshallcome,greeting.Whereas,inordertoperfectthepeacebetweenUsandourgoodBrothertheMostFaithfulKing,ontheonepart,andourgoodBrotherstheMostChristianandCatholickKings,ontheother,whichhasbeenhappilybegunbythePreliminaryArticlesalreadysignedatFontainebleauthethirdofthismonth;andtobringthesametothedesiredend,Wehavethoughtpropertoinvestsomefitpersonwithfullauthority,onourpart;Knowye,thatWe,havingmostentireconfidenceinthefidelity,judgment,skill,andabilityinmanagingaffairsofthegreatestconsequence,ofourrighttrusty,andrightentirelybelovedCousinandCounsellor,JohnDukeandEarlofBedford,MarquisofTavistock,BaronRusselofCheneys,BaronRusselofThornhaugh,andBaronHowlandofStreatham,Lieutenantgeneralofourforces,KeeperofourPrivySeal,LieutenantandCustosRotulorumofthecountiesofBedfordandDevon,KnightofourmostnobleorderoftheGarter,andourAmbassadorExtraordinaryandPlenipotentiarytoourgoodBrothertheMostChristianKing,havenominated,made,constitutedandappointed,asbythesepresents,wedonominate,make,constitute,andappointhim,ourtrue,certain,andundoubtedMinister,Commissary,Deputy,ProcuratorandPlenipotentiary,givingtohimallandallmannerofpower,facultyandauthority,aswellasourgeneralandspecialcommand(yetsoasthatthegeneraldonotderogatefromthespecial,oronthecontrary)forUsandinourname,tomeetandconfer,aswellsinglyandseparately,asjointly,andinabody,withtheAmbassadors,Commissaries,Deputies,andPlenipotentiariesofthePrinces,whomitmayconcern,vestedwithsufficientpowerandauthorityforthatpurpose,andwiththemtoagreeupon,treat,consultandconclude,concerningthereestablishing,assoonasmaybe,afirmandlastingpeace,andsincerefriendshipandconcord;andwhatevershallbeso
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agreedandconcluded,forUsandinourname,tosign,andtomakeatreatyortreaties,onwhatshallhavebeensoagreedandconcluded,andtotransacteverythingelsethatmaybelongtothehappycompletionoftheaforesaidwork,inasampleamannerandform,andwiththesameforceandeffect,asWeourselves,ifwewerepresent,coulddoandperform;engagingandpromising,onourroyalword,thatWewillapprove,ratifyandaccept,inthebestmanner,whatevershallhappentobetransactedandconcludedbyoursaidPlenipotentiary,andthatWewillneversufferanypersontoinfringeoractcontrarytothesame,eitherinthewholeorinpart.InwitnessandconfirmationwhereofWehavecausedourgreatSealofGreatBritaintobeaffixedtothesepresents,signedwithourroyalhand.GivenatourPalaceatSt.James's,the12thdayofNovember,1762,inthethirdyearofourreign.HisMostChristianMajesty'sFullPower.LEWIS,bythegraceofGod,KingofFranceandNavarre,Toallwhoshallseethesepresents,Greeting.WhereasthePreliminaries,signedatFontainebleauthethirdofNovemberofthelastyear,laidthefoundationofthepeacereestablishedbetweenusandourmostdearandmostbelovedgoodBrotherandCousintheKingofSpain,ontheonepart,andourmostdearandmostbelovedgoodBrothertheKingofGreatBritain,andourmostdearandmostbelovedgoodBrotherandCousintheKingofPortugalontheother,Wehavehadnothingmoreatheartsincethathappyepoch,thantoconsolidateandstrengtheninthemostlastingmanner,sosalutaryandsoimportantawork,byasolemnanddefinitivetreatybetweenUsandthesaidpowers.Forthesecauses,andothergoodconsiderations,Usthereuntomoving,We,trustingentirelyinthecapacityandexperience,zealandfidelityforourservice,ofourmostdearandwellbelovedCousin,CsarGabrieldeChoiseul,DukeofPraslin,PeerofFrance,KnightofourOrders,LieutenantGeneralofourForcesandoftheprovinceofBritany,CounsellorinallourCouncils,MinisterandSecretaryofState,andofourCommandsandFinances,Wehavenamed,appointed,anddeputedhim,andbythesepresents,signedwithourhand,doname,appoint,anddeputehimourMinisterPlenipotentiary,givinghimfullandabsolutepowertoactinthatquality,andtoconfer,negociate,treatandagreejointlywiththeMinisterPlenipotentiaryofourmostdearandmostbelovedgoodBrothertheKingofGreatBritain,theMinisterPlenipotentiaryofourmostdearandmostbelovedgoodBrotherandCousintheKingofSpainandtheMinisterPlenipotentiaryofourmostdearandmostbelovedgoodBrotherandCousintheKingofPortugal,vestedwithfullpowers,ingoodform,toagree,concludeandsignsucharticles,conditions,conventions,declarations,definitivetreaty,accessions,andotheractswhatsoever,thatheshalljudgeproperforsecuringandstrengtheningthegreatworkofpeace,thewholewiththesamelatitudeandauthoritythatWeourselvesmightdo,ifWewerethereinperson,eventhoughthereshouldbesomethingwhichmightrequireamorespecialorderthanwhatiscontainedinthesepresents,promisingonthefaithandwordofaKing,toapprove,keepfirmandstableforever,tofulfilandexecutepunctually,allthatoursaidCousin,theDukeofPraslin,shallhavestipulated,promisedandsigned,invirtueofthepresentfullpower,withouteveractingcontrarythereto,orpermittinganythingcontrarythereto,foranycause,orunderanypretencewhatsoever,asalsotocauseourlettersofratificationtobeexpeditedingoodform,andtocause
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themtobedelivered,inordertobeexchangedwithinthetimethatshallbeagreedupon.Forsuchisourpleasure.Inwitnesswhereof,wehavecausedourSealtobeputtothesepresents.GivenatVersaillesthe7thdayofthemonthofFebruary,intheyearofGrace1763,andofourreignthefortyeighth.SignedLewis,andonthefold,bytheKing,theDukeofChoiseul.SealedwiththegreatSealofyellowWax.HisCatholickMajesty'sfullPower.DONCARLOS,bythegraceofGod,KingofCastille,ofLeon,ofArragon,ofthetwoSicilies,ofJerusalem,ofNavarre,ofGranada,ofToledo,ofValencia,ofGalicia,ofMajorca,ofSeville,ofSardinia,ofCordova,ofCorsica,ofMurcia,ofJaen,oftheAlgarves.ofAlgecira.ofGibraltar.oftheCanaryIslands,oftheEastandWestIndies,IslandsandContinent,oftheOcean,ArchDukeofAustria,DukeofBurgundy,ofBrabantandMilan,CountofHapsburg,ofFlanders,ofTirolandBarcelona,LordofBiscayandofMolino,c.WhereaspreliminariesofasolidandlastingpeacebetweenthisCrown,andthatofFranceontheonepart,andthatofEnglandandPortugalontheother,wereconcludedandsignedintheRoyalResidenceofFontainbleau,the3rdofNovemberofthepresentyear,andtherespectiveratificationsthereofexchangedonthe22dofthesamemonth,byMinistersauthorisedforthatpurpose,whereinitispromised,thatadefinitivetreatyshouldbeforthwithenteredupon,havingestablishedandregulatedthechiefpointsuponwhichitistoturn:andwhereasinthesamemannerasIgrantedtoyou,DonJeromeGrimaldi,MarquisdeGrimaldi,KnightoftheOrderoftheHolyGhost,GentlemanofmyBedchamberwithemployment,andmyAmbassadorExtraordinarytotheMostChristianKing,myfullpowertotreat,adjust,andsignthebeforementionedpreliminaries,itisnecessarytograntthesametoyou,ortosomeother,totreat,adjust,andsignthepromiseddefinitivetreatyofpeaceasaforesaid:therefore,asyouthesaidDonJeromeGrimaldi,MarquisdeGrimaldi,areattheconvenientplace,andasIhaveeverydayfreshmotives,fromyourapprovedfidelityandzeal,capacityandprudence,toentrusttoyouthis,andotherlikeconcernsofmyCrown,IhaveappointedyoumyMinisterPlenipotentiary,andgrantedtoyoumyfullpower,totheend,that,inmyname,andrepresentingmyperson,youmaytreat,regulate,settle,andsignthesaiddefinitivetreatyofpeacebetweenmyCrownandthatofFranceontheonepart,thatofEnglandandthatofPortugalontheother,withtheMinisterswhoshallbeequallyandspeciallyauthorisedbytheirrespectiveSovereignsforthesamepurpose;acknowledging,asIdofromthistimeacknowledge,asacceptedandratified,whateveryoushallsotreat,conclude,andsign;promising,onmyRoyalWord,thatIwillobserveandfulfilthesame,willcauseittobeobservedandfulfilled,asifithadbeentreated,concluded,andsignedbymyself.Inwitnesswhereof,Ihavecausedthesepresentstobedispatched,signedbymyhand,sealedwithmyprivyseal,andcountersignedbymyunderwrittenCounsellorofState,andfirstSecretaryforthedepartmentofStateandofWar.BuenRetiro,the10thdayofDecember,1762.(Signed)ITHEKING.(Andlower)RichardWall
