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타타대우상용차 김재연 Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

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Page 1: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

타타대우상용차김 재 연

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve

Page 2: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

1. 목 적

1) Compose, MotionSolve를활용한 차량 모델링 / 승차감 해석 검토

2) ISO 8608 도로 모델링, ISO 2631 승차감 평가 by Compose

2. Truck Line-up - 다양한 차종에 대한 손쉬운 차량 모델링/해석 필요

건설 차량덤프/믹서

트렉터

카 고

2

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 3: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

3. Truck Library

❖ Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy vehicle components for assembling and testing trucks virtually.

[Truck Library]

Cabin, Steering System

Chassis

Multi-axle Suspensions

Tires

Heavy Duty Springs

Steering system Driveline Test Rigs

3

[4x2 Cargo(MCV) w/ Truck Library]

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 4: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

4. Ride Comfort Analysis

1) Post Shaker Simulation(Road Simulator)

① Input : Road Profile을 차량 속도에 따라 입력 시간을 지연시켜 동일 도로를 움직이도록 설정

② System : Vehicle Model, Post Shaker Model

③ Output : 운전석 Seat Floor 위치에서 가속도 결과

④ Perception : 승차감 기준(척도)에 따른 가속도 결과 평가

4

[6-Post Simulation][Ride Comfort Simulation]

[R/S TEST]

+

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 5: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

4. Ride Comfort Analysis

2) Input

① Bump Road

– ITE Journal (Institute of Transportation Engineers)에소개된 Watts Profile Bump 사용(대부분의 차량이 25~30kph 속도에서 안전하게 통과 할 수 있는 Bump Profile)

– 차량 고유 진동수 응답 특성을 확실히 나타낼수 있음

5

[Speed Bump] [Bump 도로 Modeling – 30kph]

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9

Hei

ght

(mm

)

Time (s)

Bump Profile

75mm

100mm

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 6: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

4. Ride Comfort Analysis

2) Input

② Road Profiles for ISO 8608

– 노면의 형상을 결정하는 주요인자는 공간주파수와 진폭임

– 거칠기(높이)에 따른 ISO 8608 도로 등급(A~H) 모델링

6

[PSD와 Spatial Signal의관계] [ISO 8608에따른 도로 거칠기 분류]

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 7: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

4. Ride Comfort Analysis

2) Input

③ ISO Road Modeling by Compose

– Random Road Profile : ISO 8608 도로 등급에 따른 Random 도로 Modeling

7

[Compose Modeling]

Programming

Road Profile

ISO Classification

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 8: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

4. Ride Comfort Analysis

2) Input

④ ISO Road Profiles for Simulation

– ISO Class A (hmax= ±15mm) : very good

– ISO Class B (hmax= ±25mm) : good

– ISO Class C (hmax= ±50mm) : average

– ISO Class D (hmax= ±100mm) : poor

8

[Road Profile for Simulation]

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 50 100 150 200 250

Class A Class B Class C Class D

Distance[m]

Ele

vation[m

m]

[ISO Classification]

Class A Class B

Class C Class D

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 9: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

4. Ride Comfort Analysis

3) Perception

① ISO 2631 (Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole-Body Vibration)

– 인체 진동에 대한 실험 결과를 이용하여 제정된 수평 및 수직 진동에 대한 인체의 전신 진동노출 한계

– 주파수에 따라 불편함을 느끼는 진동 가속도와 노출 시간이 다름

– Critical Frequency : 4~8 Hz(Vertical), 1~2 Hz(Longitudinal, Lateral)

9

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 10: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

4. Ride Comfort Analysis

3) Perception

② ISO 2631 Comfort Graph by Compose

– 가속도 Output 값으로 주파수별 PSD, RMS 값을 계산하여 ISO 2631 Comfort Graph와 함께출력하여 Ride Comfort 평가

– Vehicle Type(Dump, Cargo, Tractor)에 따라 ISO Road Class, Velocity 기준 수립 필요

10

* 1/3 octave frequency bands

* PSD in each band

* RMS acceleration in each band

* RMS weighted acceleration

[ISO 2631 Equations] [Compose - ISO 2631] [RMS Results]

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 11: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

11

5. Quarter Car Model

1) Quarter Car

① 정의

– 도로 가진력에 대하여 Sprung Mass와 Unsprung Mass의 수직 운동을 적절히 표현할 수 있는2 자유도 모델

– 승차감 주파수(Ride Frequency)에대한 Suspension Parameter의 영향 평가

– Natural Frequency : 1~2 Hz(Sprung Mass), 10Hz(Unsprung Mass)

② Equations of Motion

Suspension ForcesWheel Load

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 12: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

12

5. Quarter Car Model

2) Compose vs. MotionSolve

① Correlation between Compose and MotionSolve

– Road 가진에 대한 Sprung Mass의 가속도, FFT 비교

② Bump Road : Compose와 MotionSolve 결과가 일치함 [MotionSolve Modeling & Result]

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 13: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

13

6. Half Car Model

1) Half Car

① 정의

– Pitch Motion을 표현할수 있는 4 자유도 모델

– Sprung Mass의 Bounce Motion, Pitch Motion, Unsprung Mass(Front, Rear)의 Bounce Motion

– Pitch Motion을 줄이기 위해서는 Front의 Spring Rate와 고유진동수가 Rear보다 약간 작아야함

– 최적 비율은 휠베이스, 평균 속도, 도로 파장에 달려있음

② Equations of Motion

Suspension ForcesWheel Load

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 14: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

14

6. Half Car Model

2) Compose vs. MotionSolve

③ Bump Road: Compose와 MotionSolve 결과가 일치함

[MotionSolve Modeling & Result]

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 15: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

15

7. Full Vehicle Model

1) Vehicle Model : HCV(Heavy-duty Commercial Vehicle), 10x4 Cargo

2) Road Simulator : Bump 및 ISO 도로 가진이 가능한 10 Post Shaker 모델링

Full Vehicle Dynamic Model

Input

Output

10 Post Road Simulator

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 16: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

16

7. Full Vehicle Model

3) Bump Road Results

– Bump 높이 75mm, 100mm에 대한 공/적차시 CAB 가속도 FFT 결과

Unladen, 75mm Unladen, 100mm Laden, 75mm Laden, 100mm

15kph

30kph

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 17: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

17

❖ ISO Road Simulation [Animation]

➢ 공차, 60km/h, Class B & D

Class B Class D

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 18: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

18

7. Full Vehicle Model

4) ISO Road Results

① ISO Class A~D

– 도로 등급이 A에서 D로 갈수록 운전석 Seat부의 가속도 값이 증가함

[도로 등급에 따른 CAB 가속도, 주파수 분석(FFT) 결과]

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 19: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

19

7. Full Vehicle Model

4) ISO Road Results

② ISO Road B, D 등급에 대한 공/적차시 CAB 가속도 FFT 결과

Unladen, ISO B Unladen, ISO D Laden, ISO B Laden, ISO D

30kph

60kph

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 20: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

20

8. Ride Comfort for Full Vehicle

1) Design Change

① CAB Floor Acceleration(Az)

– 설계 변경안(ALT 1, 2) 검토시 가속도 결과 차이가 주파수별로 다르게 나타남

– FFT 결과만으로 차량 승차감을 평가하기가 어려움

[CAB Floor Acceleration(Az) – ISO B, 90km/h] [CAB Floor Acceleration(Az) – ISO D, 60km/h]

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 21: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

21

8. Ride Comfort for Full Vehicle

1) Design Change

② 승차감 평가 (ISO 2631 Standard)

– 가속도 값의 RMS(Root Mean Square)를 주파수별 가중치를 부여하고 그 결과를 평가함(인체에 민감한 주파수별 Comfort 시간이 다름)

– ISO B 도로, 90km/h의 경우 8hr Comfort 선도를 만족함

– ISO D 도로, 60km/h의 경우 1Hz~3Hz 구간에서 2hr Comfort 선도에 근접함

[ISO 2631 Vibration Standard– ISO B, 90km/h] [ISO 2631 Vibration Standard– ISO D, 60km/h]

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 22: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

22

8. Ride Comfort for Full Vehicle

2) 평가 기준

① ISO 2631

– ISO 도로 등급, 차량 속도, Comfort 선도(8hr, 2.5hr, 1hr …)에 대한 차량별(카고, 덤프, 트렉터등) 승차감 평가 기준 수립이 필요함 (예 : Golden Car*)

② Suspension Performance

– Vibration Isolation(Transmissibility Ratio), Suspension Travel(Rattle Space), Road Holding

[Golden Car Parameters] [ISO 2631 Standard – Golden Car vs. Truck(ISO D, 60km/h)]

* Golden Car : 미국 도로 roughness 측정 기준인International Roughness Index(IRI)에서 사용된Reference Quarter Car Model

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis

Page 23: Truck Ride Comfort Analysis by using Compose and MotionSolve · 2018-10-15 · Ride Comfort Analysis 3. Truck Library Truck Library is a collection of essential and ancillary heavy

Ride Comfort Analysis

9. 결 론

1) 승차감 해석 모델링

① Compose와 MotionSolve를이용하여 차량과 가진 도로 모델링

② Compose로 구현된 ISO 8608 도로를 MotionSolve와 Compose 차량 모델의 Input 조건으로 사용

③ Quarter Car, Half Car Model Correlation (Compose vs. MotionSolve)

2) 승차감 평가

① ISO 2631 Vibration Standard Graph Modeling by Compose

② MotionSolve 해석 결과(Output 가속도)를 Compose 모델에 Import하여승차감 평가 가능

→ HyperGraph에서 ISO 2631 Graph(Compose)가바로 그려질 수 있도록 Update 필요

10.향후 계획

1) 승차감 평가 기준 수립

– ISO 도로 등급, 차량 속도에 따른 차량별 기준

2) Vehicle Correlation

– Road Simulator Test 장비를 이용한 시험, 해석 Correlation

3) Suspension Parameter Optimization

– Vibration Isolation, Suspension Travel, Road Holding

23

[R/S TEST]

Truck Ride Comfort Analysis