Tuyen Tap 30 de Thi HSG Hoa 9

S Gio dc v o to

thanh ho

chnh thcK thi chn hc sinh gii tnh

Nm hc 2006-2007

Mn thi: Ha hc - Lp: 9 THCSNgy thi: 28/03/2007.

Thi gian: 150 pht (khng k thi gian giao thi)

thi ny c 1 trang gm 4 cu.

Cu 1. (6,5 im)1. Khi cho bt nhm tc dng vi dung dch NaOH un nng thu c dung dch X1 v kh X2. Thm vo X1 mt t tinh th NH4Cl ri tip tc un nng thy to thnh kt ta X3 v c kh X4 thot ra. Xc nh X1, X2 , X3 , X4. Vit phng trnh ho hc biu din cc phn ng xy ra.

2. Xc nh cc cht A, B, C, D, E, F, H v hon thnh s bin ha sau:

+ NaOH C + E

A B +NaOH +HCl H Bit rng H l thnh phn chnh ca phn; B l kh

+ NaOH D +F dng np cho cc bnh cha chy(dp tt la).

3. a. Bng phng php ha hc hy tch SO2 ra khi hn hp gm cc kh SO2 , SO3 , O2.

b. Bng phng php ha hc hy tch ring tng kim loi ra khi hn hp gm Mg, Al, Fe, Cu.

4. C 5 cht rn: BaCl2 , Na2SO4 , CaCO3 , Na2CO3 , CaSO4.2H2O ng trong 5 l ring bit. Hy t chn 2 cht dng lm thuc th nhn bit cc cht rn ng trong mi l.

Cu 2: (5,5 im)1. Vit cng thc cu to cc ng phn ng vi cng thc phn t: C2H4O2 , C3H8O, C5H10 .

2. Cht A c cng thc phn t C4H6. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A, B, C, D v hon thnh phng trnh ha hc biu din cc phn ng theo s :

+Cl2 dd NaOH +H2 H2SO4 t0,xt,p

A B C D A Cao su

1:1 Ni,t0 1700C

3. Hn hp kh gm CO, CO2, C2H4 v C2H2. Trnh by phng php dng tch tng kh ra khi hn hpCu3: (4,0 im) C hai dung dch; H2SO4 (dung dch A), v NaOH (dung dch B). Trn 0,2 lt dung dch A vi 0,3 lt dung dch B c 0,5 lt dung dch C.

Ly 20 ml dung dch C, thm mt t qu tm vo, thy c mu xanh. Sau thm t t dung dch HCl 0,05M ti khi qu tm i thnh mu tm thy ht 40 ml dung dch axit.

Trn 0,3 lt A vi 0,2 lt B c 0,5 lt dung dch D. Ly 20 ml dung dch D, thm mt t qu tm vo thy c mu . Sau thm t t dung dch NaOH 0,1M ti khi qu tm i thnh mu tm thy ht 80 ml dung dch NaOH.

a. Tnh nng mol/l ca 2 dung dch A v B.

b. Trn VB lt dung dch NaOH vo VA lt dung dch H2SO4 trn ta thu c dung dch E. Ly V ml dung dch E cho tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch BaCl2 0,15 M c kt ta F. Mt khc ly V ml dung dch E cho tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch AlCl3 1M c kt ta G. Nung F hoc G nhit cao n khi lng khng i th u thu c 3,262gam cht rn. Tnh t l VB:VA

Cu 4: (4,0 im)

t chy hon ton 3,24 gam hn hp X gm hai cht hu c A v B khc dy ng ng v cng loi hp cht, trong A hn B mt nguyn t cacbon, ngi ta ch thu c nc v 9,24 gam CO2. Bit t khi hi ca X i vi H2 l 13,5.

a. Tm cng thc cu to ca A, B v tnh thnh phn trm theo khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp X.

b. T B vit s phn ng iu ch CH3COOCH3 v CH3COO CH -- CH3

CH3 (Cho: O=16, H=1, C=12, Ca=40, Ba=137, Na=23, S=32, Cl=35,5 )

--------------------------------------------- Ht -----------------------------------------------

Lu : Hc sinh c s dng my tnh thng thng, khng c s dng bt k ti

liu g (k c bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc).

H v tn: .............................................S bo danh:.................................................... S Gio dc v o to Hng dn chm bi Thi

Thanh ha hc sinh gii lp 9 THCS Nm hc 2006 2007 Mn : Ho hcp nThang im

Cu 1:6,5

1.1,5

Cc phng trnh ha hc:

2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O ( NaAlO2 + 3H2 ( .....................................................................

NaOH + NH4Cl ( NaCl + NH3 (+ H2O

NaAlO2 + NH4Cl + H2O ( Al(OH)3( +NH3 + NaCl -------------------------------------

=> Dung dch X1 cha NaOH d v NaAlO2- Kh A2 l H2.

- Kt ta A3 l Al(OH)3

- Kh A4 l NH3. ................................................................0,5

0,5

0,5

2.1,5

Cc phng trnh ha hc:

MgCO3 MgO + CO2

CO2 + NaOH ( NaHCO3CO2 + 2NaOH ( Na2CO3 + H2O

NaHCO3 + NaOH ( Na2CO3 + H2O .........................................................................

Na2CO3 + HCl ( NaHCO3 + NaCl

NaHCO3 + Ca(OH)2 ( CaCO3 + NaOH + H2O

Na2CO3 + CaCl2 ( CaCO3 + 2NaCl ........................................................................

=> B l CO2 , A l mui cacbonnat d b nhit phn nh MgCO3, BaCO3..., C l NaHCO3 , D l Na2CO3 , E l Ca(OH)2 , F l mui tan ca canxi nh CaCl2, Ca(NO3)2 ..., H l CaCO3. ..............................................................................0,5

0,5

0,5

3.2,0

a.0,5

Cho hn hp qua dd NaOH d, cn li O2:

SO2 + 2NaOH ( Na2SO3 + H2O

SO3 + 2NaOH ( Na2SO4 + H2O

dung dch thu c tc dng vi H2SO4 long:

Na2SO3 + H2SO4 ( Na2SO4 + H2O + SO2.0,25

0,25

b.1,5

Ho tan hn hp trong dd NaOH d, Al tan theo phn ng:

2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O ( 2NaAlO2 + 3H2. ...................................................................

- Lc tch c Fe, Mg, Cu khng tan. Thi CO2 d vo nc lc:

NaAlO2 + CO2 + 2H2O ( Al(OH)3 + NaHCO3- Lc tch kt ta Al(OH)3, nung n khi lng khng i thu c Al2O3, in phn nng chy thu c Al:

2Al(OH)3 Al2O3 + 3H2O

2Al2O3 4Al + 3O2 .....................................................................................

- Ho tan hn hp 3 kim loi trong dd HCl d, tch c Cu khng tan v dung dch hai mui:

Mg + 2HCl ( MgCl2 + H2Fe + 2HCl ( FeCl2 + H2

- Cho dd NaOH d vo dung dch 2 mui :

MgCl2 + 2NaOH ( Mg(OH)2 + 2NaCl

FeCl2 + 2NaOH ( Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl ...............................................................................

- Lc kt ta v nung nhit cao:

Mg(OH)2 ( MgO + H2O

4Fe(OH)2 + O2 2Fe2O3 + 4H2O

- Thi CO d vo hn hp 2 oxit nung nhit cao:

Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2

MgO + CO khng phn ng

- Ho tan hn hp ( ngui) sau khi nung vo H2SO4 c ngui d, MgO tan cn Fe khng tan c tch ra: .........................................................................................

MgO + H2SO4 (c ngui) MgSO4 + H2O

- Tin hnh cc phn ng vi dung dch cn li thu c Mg:

MgSO4 +2NaOH d ( Mg(OH)2 + Na2SO4

Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl ( MgCl2 + 2H2O

MgCl2 Mg + Cl20,25

0,25

0,25

0,5

0,25

4.1.5

- Ho tan cc cht trong nc d, phn bit hai nhm cht:

- Nhm 1 gm cc cht khng tan: CaCO3 , CaSO4.2H2O. Dng dd HCl nhn c cc cht nhm 1 (Vit PTHH). ...........................................................................

- Nhm 2 gm cc cht tan l BaCl2 , Na2SO4 , Na2CO3 .

- Dng dd HCl nhn c Na2CO3. ...........................................................................

- Dng Na2CO3 mi tm ; nhn c BaCl2 . Cn li Na2SO4.

Na2CO3 +2HCl ( 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O

Na2CO3 + BaCl2 ( BaCO3 + 2NaCl .......................................................................................0,5

0,5

0,5

Cu 2: 5,5

1. Cc ng phn1,5

+ C2H4O2: CH3COOH , HCOOCH3 , CH2(OH) CHO. ........................................................

+ C3H8O: CH3CH2CH2OH , CH3CH(OH) CH3 , CH3-O-CH2CH3 ......................................

+C5H10: CH2= CHCH2CH2CH3 , CH2= CH-CH(CH3)CH3 , CH2= C(CH3) CH2CH3 ,

CH3-CH=CH-CH2CH3 , CH3CH=C(CH3)2 . .......................................................................0,5

0,5

0,5

2.2,0

Theo ra cng thc cu to ca cc cht l :

A: CH2=CH-CH=CH2 , B: CH2Cl-CH=CH-CH2Cl

C: CH2OH-CH=CH-CH2OH. D: CH2OH-CH2- CH2-CH2OH ..............................Phng trnh ha hc:

CH2=CH-CH=CH2 + Cl2 CH2Cl-CH=CH-CH2Cl

CH2Cl-CH=CH-CH2Cl + 2NaOH CH2OH-CH=CH-CH2OH.+2NaCl

CH2OH-CH=CH-CH2OH. + H2 CH2OH-CH2- CH2-CH2OH

CH2OH-CH2- CH2-CH2OH CH2=CH-CH=CH2

nCH2=CH-CH=CH2 (-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-)n 1,0

1,0

3.2,0

- Dn hn hp kh qua dung dch Ca(OH)2d ; CO2 c gi li:

CO2 + Ca(OH)2 ( CaCO3 + H2O

- Nhit phn CaCO3 thu c CO2:

CaCO3 CaO + CO2 ................................................................................

- Dn hn hp kh cn li qua dung dch Ag2O d trong NH3 ; lc tch thu c kt ta v hn hp kh CO , C2H4 v NH3:

C2H2 + Ag2O C2Ag2 + H2O

- Cho kt ta tc dng vi dd H2SO4 long d thu c C2H2 :

C2Ag2 + H2SO4 C2H2 + Ag2SO4 ..........................................................

- Dn hn hp CO, C2H4 v NH3 qua dd H2SO4 long d, un nng; thu c CO:

2NH3 + H2SO4 ( (NH4)2SO4 C2H4 + H2O CH3CH2OH

- Chng ct dung dch thu c C2H5OH. Tch nc t ru thu c C2H4.

CH3CH2OH C2H4 + H2O ...............................................................0,5

0,75

0,75

Cu 3 .4,0

a.1,5

PTHH:

+ Ln th nghim 1: 2NaOH + H2SO4 ( Na2SO4 + 2H2O (1)V qu tm ha xanh, chng t NaOH d. Thm HCl:

HCl + NaOH ( NaCl + H2O (2) ....................................

+ ln th nghim 2: phn ng (1) xy ra, sau qu ha chng t H2SO4 d. Thm

NaOH: 2NaOH + H2SO4 ( Na2SO4 + 2H2O (3) ..............................................

+ t x, y ln lt l nng mol/l ca dung dch A v dd B: T (1),(2),(3) ta c:

0,3y - 2.0,2x = = 0,05 (I)

0,3x - = = 0,1 (II)

Gii h (I,II) ta c: x = 0,7 mol/l , y = 1,1 mol/l ..................................................0,5

0,25

0,75

b.2,5

V dung dch E to kt ta vi AlCl3 , chng t NaOH cn d.

AlCl3 + 3NaOH ( Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl (4)

2Al(OH)3 Al2O3 + 3H2O (5)

Na2SO4 + BaCl2 ( BaSO4 + 2NaCl (6) ...............................................

Ta c n(BaCl2) = 0,1.0,15 = 0,015 mol

n(BaSO4) = = 0,014mol < 0,015

=> n(H2SO4) = n(Na2SO4) = n(BaSO4) = 0,014mol . Vy VA = = 0,02 lt

n(Al2O3) ==0,032 mol v n(AlCl3) = 0,1.1 = 0,1 mol. ...................

+ Xt 2 trng hp c th xy ra:

- Trng hp 1: Sau phn ng vi H2SO4 , NaOH d nhng thiu so vi AlCl3 ( p (4): n(NaOH) p trung ho axit = 2.0,014 = 0,028 mol

n(NaOH p (4) = 3n(Al(OH)3) = 6n(Al2O3) = 6.0,032 = 0,192 mol.

tng s mol NaOH bng 0,028 + 0,192 = 0,22 mol

Th tch dung dch NaOH 1,1 mol/l l = 0,2 lt . T l VB:VA = 0,2:0,02 =10 .....

- Trng hp 2: Sau (4) NaOH vn d v ho tan mt phn Al(OH)3:

Al(OH)3 + NaOH ( NaAlO2 + 2H2O (7)

Tng s mol NaOH p (3,4,7) l: 0,028 + 3.0,1 + 0,1 - 2.0,032 = 0,364 mol

Th tch dung dch NaOH 1,1 mol/l l 0,33 lt

=> T l VB:VA = 0,33:0,02 = 16,50,5

0,75

0,75

0,5

Cu 4.4,0

a.2,5

Theo ra: MX= 13,5.2 = 27 => MB < MX < MA.

- MB < 27 => B l CH4 (M = 16) hoc C2H2 (M = 26). ...............................................

- V A,B khc dy ng ng v cng loi hp cht nn:

* Khi B l CH4 (x mol) th A l C2H4(y mol) :

CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O

C2H4 + 3O2 2CO2 + 2H2O ......................................................................

T cc pthh v ra: mX = 16x + 28y =3,24

n= x + 2y = 0,21

Gii phng trnh i s: x = 0,15 , y = 0,03

mCH= 16.0,15 = 2,4 gam. => 74,07% ; %mCH= 25,93% ......................................

* Khi B l C2H2 th A l C3H6 hoc C3H8.

+ Khi A l C3H6: cng thc cu to ca A l CH3-CH=CH2 hoc CH2-CH2 CH2PTHH t chy: 2C2H2 + 5O2 4CO2 + 2H2O 2C3H6 + 9O2 6CO2 + 6H2OT cc pthh v ra: mX = 26x + 42y =3,24

n= 2x + 3y = 0,21

Gii ph trnh i s: y = 0,17, x = - 0,15 => loi ...............................

+ Khi A l C3H8: cng thc cu to ca A l CH3-CH2- CH3 .

PTHH t chy: 2C2H2 + 5O2 4CO2 + 2H2O

C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O

T cc pthh v ra: mX = 26x + 44y =3,24

n= 2x + 3y = 0,21

Gii ph trnh i s: x < 0 => loi

VyB l CH4 v A l C2H4 . ....................................................................... 0,75

0,5

0,25

0,5

0,5

b.1,5

* S iu ch CH3COOCH3 t CH4 :

+ CH4 CHCH CH2=CH2 C2H5OH CH3COOH ...............................................

+ CH4 CH3Cl CH3OH CH3COOCH3* S iu ch CH3COOCH(CH3)2 t CH4 :+ CH4 CHCH CH2=CH2 C2H5OH CH3COOH

+C2H5OH CH2=CH-CH=CH2 CH3CH2CH2CH3 CH3CH=CH2 (CH3)2CHOH

CH3COOCH(CH3)2 .............................................................................................................0,75

0,75

Ch khi chm thi:

- Trong cc phng trnh ha hc nu vit sai cng thc ha hc th khng cho im,

nu khng vit iu kin phn ng hoc khng cn bng phng trnh hockhng ghi trng thi cc cht phn ng hoc c ba th cho 1/2 s im ca phng trnh .

- Nu lm cc cch khc m ng vn cho im ti a ng vi mi , cu ca ra. thi hc sinh gii - lp 9 THCS

Mn : Ho hc - Thi gian : 150 pht

Cu 1 : (6 im)

1- Cho bit tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong 2 nguyn t ca nguyn t A v B l 78, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 26 ht. S ht mang in ca A nhiu hn s ht mang in ca B l 28 ht. Hi A, B l nguyn t g ?

Cho bit in tch ht nhn ca mt s nguyn t sau :

ZN = 7 ; ZNa = 11; ZCa = 20 ; ZFe = 26 ; ZCu = 29 ; ZC = 6 ; ZS = 16.

2 - Hp cht ca A v D khi ho tan trong nc cho mt dung dch c tnh kim. Hp cht ca B v D khi ho tan trong nc cho dung dch E c tnh axit yu. Hp cht A, B, D khng tan trong nc nhng tan trong dung dch E. Xc nh hp cht to bi A v D; B v D; A,B,D. Vit phng trnh phn ng.

3 - Mt s nguyn nhn ca s hnh thnh canxicacbonat trong thch nh cc hang ng vi tu thuc vo thc t v canxihirocacbonat l :

a, Cht kt tinh v c th si bt kh.

b, C th tan v khng bn.

c, D bay hi v c th chy ra.

d, Cht kt tinh v khng tan.

Cu 2 : (4 im)

1 - Tm cc cht A,B,C,D,E (hp cht ca Cu) trong s sau v vit phng trnh ho hc :

A B C D

B C A E

2 - Ch dng thm nc hy nhn bit 4 cht rn : Na2O, Al2O3, Fe2O3, Al cha trong cc l ring bit. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng.

Cu 3 : (4 im)

Cho 27,4 g Ba vo 400 g dung dch CuSO4 3,2 % thu c kh A, kt ta B v dung dch C.

a, Tnh th tch kh A (ktc).

b, Nung kt ta B nhit cao n khi lng khng i th thu c bao nhiu gam cht rn ?

c, Tnh nng phn trm ca cht tan trong dung dch C.

Cu 4 : (6 im)

A l hn hp gm ru Etylic v 2 axit hu c k tip nhau c dng CnH2n+1COOH v Cn+1H2n+3COOH. Cho 1/2 hn hp A tc dng ht vi Na thot ra 3,92 lt H2 (ktc). t 1/2 hn hp A chy hon ton, sn phm chy c hp th ht vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d th c 147,75g kt ta v khi lng bnh Ba(OH)2 tng 50,1 g .

a, Tm cng thc 2 axit trn .

b, Tm thnh phn hn hp A.

Hng dn chm thi hc sinh gii mn Ho hc 9

Cu 1 : (6 im)

1 - (3 im)

Gi Z, N, E v Z', N', E' l s ht proton, ntron, electron ca hai nguyn t A, B. Ta c cc phng trnh : (0,5 im) Z + N + E + Z' + N' + E' = 78 .

hay : (2Z + 2Z' ) + (N + N') = 78 (1)

(0,5 im) (2Z + 2Z' ) - (N + N') = 26 (2) (0,5 im) (2Z - 2Z' ) = 28

hay : (Z - Z' ) = 14 (3) (0,5 im)Ly (1) + (2) sau kt hp vi (3) ta c : Z = 20 v Z' = 6 (0,5 im)Vy cc nguyn t l : A l Ca ; B l C . (0,5 im) 2 - (2 im)

Hp cht ca A v D ho tan trong nc cho mt dung dch c tnh kim : Hp cht ca A v D l CaO .

(0,25 im)Hp cht ca B v D khi tan trong nc cho dung dch E c tnh axit yu : Hp cht ca B v D l CO2 .

(0,25 im)Hp cht A, B, D khng tan trong nc nhng tan trong dung dch E. Vy hp cht l CaCO3 .

(0,5 im)PTHH : CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 (r) (l) (dd)

CO2 + H2O H2CO3 (k) (l) (dd)

CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O Ca(HCO3)2

(r) (k) (l) (dd)

3 - (1 im)

Do Ca(HCO3)2 c th tan c d b phn hu cho CO2. Do cu tr li ng l b. (1 im)Cu 2 : (4 im)

1 - (2 im)

Chn ng cht, ph hp vi yu cu bi. (0,5 im)

Vit ng cc phng trnh : (1,5 im)

Hc sinh lm ng theo s khc vn cho im ti a .

A - Cu(OH)2 B- CuCl2 C - Cu(NO3)2 D- CuO E - CuSO4

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Cu(OH)2 CuCl2 Cu(NO3)2 CuO

(5)

(6)

(7) (8)

CuCl2 Cu(NO3)2 Cu(OH)2 CuSO4(1) Cu(OH)2 + 2 HCl CuCl2 + 2 H2O

(2) CuCl2 + 2AgNO3 2AgCl + Cu(NO3)2

t0

(3) 2Cu(NO3)2 2CuO + 4 NO2 + O2

t0

(4) CuO + H2 Cu + H2O

(5) CuCl2 + 2AgNO3 2AgCl + Cu(NO3)2(6) Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NaOH Cu(OH)2 + 2 NaNO3

(7) Cu(OH)2 + H2SO4 CuSO4 + 2H2O

(8) Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu .

Cc cht trong PTHH phi ghi y trng thi cht mi cho im ti a.

2 - Ly mt t mi cht rn cho vo tng ng nghim cha nc.

Cht rn no tan l Na2O

Na2O + H2O 2NaOH

(r) (l) (dd)

* Ly mt t mi cht rn cn li cho vo tng ng nghim cha dung dch NaOH thu c trn :

Cht no tan v c bt kh thot ra l Al .

2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O 2NaAlO2 + 3H2

(r) (dd) (l) (dd) (k)

Cht no ch tan l Al2O3

Al2O3 + 2NaOH 2NaAlO2 + H2O

(r) (dd) (dd) (l)

Cht no khng tan l Fe2O3 .

Nhn bit c mi cht 0,5 im.

Cu 3 : (4 im)

Cc phng trnh ghi y trng thi cht mi cho im ti a .

PTHH :

Ba + 2H2O Ba(OH)2 + H2

(1)

Ba(OH)2 + CuSO4 BaSO4 + Cu(OH)2 (2)

t0

BaSO4 BaSO4

t0

Cu(OH)2 CuO + H2O (3)

nBa = = 0,2 mol

nCuSO4 = = 0,08 mol

T (1) ta c:

VH2 = VA = 0,2 x22,4 = 4,48 lt . (0,5 im)T (2) v (3) cht rn gm BaSO4 v CuO v Ba(OH)2 d nn:

nBaSO4 = nCu(OH)2 = nCuO = 0,08 mol

m cht rn = 0,08.233 + 0,08. 80 = 25,04 (g) (1 im)

Trong dung dch C ch cn Ba(OH)2

mdd = 400 + 27,4 - 0,2 . 2 - 0,08 .233 - 0,08 .98 = 400,52 (g)

C% Ba(OH)2 = 5,12 % (1 im)Cu 4: (6 im)

im vit ng cc phng trnh ho hc l 1,5 im.

nH2 = = 0,175 (mol)

PT phn ng :

2C2H5OH + 2Na 2C2H5ONa + H2

(1)

2CnH2n+1 COOH +2Na 2CnH 2n+1COONa + H2 (2)

2Cn+1H2n+3 COOH +2Na 2Cn+1H2n+3COONa + H2 (3)

Bin lun theo tr s trung bnh .

Tng s mol 3 cht trong 1/2 hn hp = 0,175.2= 0,35 (mol) (0,5 im) t0

C2H6O + 3O2 2CO2 + 3H2O (4)

t0

CxH2xO2 + O2 xCO2 + xH2O (5)

Cht kt ta l BaCO3 nBaCO3 = = 0,75 (mol)

PT : CO2 + Ba(OH)2 BaCO3 + H2O (6)

Theo PT (6) ta c : nCO2 = nBaCO3 = 0,75 (mol)

mCO2 = 0,75 x44 = 33(g) (0,5 im)

mH2O = m tng - mCO2

mH2O = 50,1 - 33 = 17,1 (g)

nH2O = = 0,95 (mol) (0,5 im)T PT (4) ta thy ngay :

S mol ru C2H5OH = 0,95 - 0,75 = 0,2 ( mol) (0,5 im)Theo PT (4) ta thy s mol CO2 to ra l

nCO2 = 2.nC2H5OH = 2.0,2 = 0,4 (mol)

Suy ra : 2 a xt chy to ra 0,75 - 0,4 = 0,35 (mol CO2) (0,5 im)T PT (4) ta thy nH2O = 3.nC2H5OH = 3.0,2 = 0,6 (mol)

Suy ra 2 axit chy to ra : 0,95 - 0,6 = 0,35 mol H2O (0,5 im)Vi s mol 2axit = 0,35 - 0,2 = 0,15 x = 0,35 : 0,15 = 2,33

(x l s mol trung bnh gia n+1 v n+2) 2 axit l CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.

(0,5 im)

Gi s mol CH3COOH, C2H5COOH trong 1/2 A l a, b .

Theo phng trnh t chy ta c :

n2 axit = 0,15mol = a + b .

nCO2 sinh ra = 2a + 3 b = 0,35 . Gii ra ta c : a = 0,1; b = 0,05 .

Vy hn hp c 0,2 mol CH3COOH l 12 g v 0,10 mol C2H5COOH l 7,4g

(1im)

Hc sinh lm cch khc ng vn cho im ti a.

C = 12 ; H= 1 ; S = 32 ; Cu = 64 ; O = 16 ; Ba = 137.

Th sinh c s dng my tnh v h thng tun hon khi lm bi.

( thi gm 2 trang, p n gm 4 trang )

Ti liu tham kho:

- 150 cu hi trc nghim v 350 bi tp Ho hc chn lc dng cho hc sinh THCS.

- Bi dng ho hc THCS .

- thi HS gii Ho hc cc tnh nm 1998 .

thi hc sinh gii

Mn thi: Ho hc

Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht

biCu 1 (4,5 im): Mt hn hp gm Al, Fe, Cu c chia lm 3 phn A, B, C u nhau

a/- Phn A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d

- Phn B tc dng vi dung dch HCl d

- Phn C tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 c d

Trnh by hin tng ho hc xy ra

b/ Gn lc kt ta cc phn trn, thu c cc dng dch A, B, C

- Cho dung dch HCl vo A cho n d

- Cho dung dch NaOH vo B cho n d

- Cho dung dch NaOH vo C cho n d

Trnh by hin tng ho hc xy ra

Cu 2 (3 im)

a/ Gii thch v sao dng bng nhm khng dng ng dung dch kim mnh.

b/ t hai cc trn a cn. Rt dung dch H2SO4 long vo hai cc, lng axt hai cc bng nhau, cn v tr thng bng.

Cho mu Km vo mt cc v mu St vo cc kia. Khi lng ca hai mu nh nhau. Cn s v tr no sau khi kt thc phn ng ?

Cu 3: (3 im)

a/ Cho cc nguyn liu Fe3O4, KMnO4, HCl.

- Hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng iu ch FeCl3b/ Vit cc phn ng c th iu ch FeCl3Cu 4: (4 im)

Hn hp Mg, Fe c khi lng m gam c ho tan hon ton bi dung dch HCl. Dung dch thu c tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d. Kt ta sinh ra sau phn ng em nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i gim i a gam so vi trc khi nung.

a/ Xc nh % v khi lng mi kim loi theo m, a

b/ p dng vi m = 8g

a = 2,8g

Cu 5: (5,5 im) Ngi ta t chy mt hidrcacbon no bng O2 d ri dn sn phm chy i ln lt qua H2SO4 c ri n 350ml dung dch NaOH 2M thu c dung dch A. Khi thm BaCl2 d vo dung dch A thy tc ra 39,4gam kt ta BaCO3 cn lng H2SO4 tng thm 10,8gam. Hi hir cc bon trn l cht no ?

p n v hng dn chm thi

Mn thi: ho hc

Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht

Cu 1: (4,5)2,25

a/ Khi cho A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d th c bt khi H2 thot ra khi dung dch lin tc kim loi b ho tan ht l Al, cn Fe, Cu khng tan.

2Al + 2H2O ( NaAlO2 + H2(0,75

- Khi cho B tc dng vi dung dch HCl d cn bt kh H2 thot ra khi dung dch lin tc. Kim loi b tan ht l Fe, Al cn Cu khng tan

2Al + 6HCl ( 2AlCl3 + 3H2(

Fe + 2HCl ( FeCl2 + H2(0,75

- Khi cho C tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 c d th c kh mu nu thot ra khi dung dch. Kim loi b ho tan ht l Cu, cn Al, Fe khng ho tan.

Cu + 4HNO3 ( Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2( + 2H2O0,75

b/ Gn lc kt ta cc phn trn th dung dch A thu c cha NaAlO2 v NaOH d; dung dch B cha: FeCl2, AlCl3, HCl d; dung dch C cha Cu(NO3)2, HNO3 d.(2,25)

- Cho dung dch HCl vo dung dch A xy ra phn ng:

HCl + NaOH ( NaCl + H2O0,75

ng thi xut hin kt ta mu trng:

NaAlO2 + HCl + H2O ( Al(OH)3( + NaCl

n mt lc no kt ta dn tan thu c dung dch trong sut khi HCl dng d.

Al(OH)3 + 3HCl ( AlCl3 + 3H2O

- Khi cho dung dch NaOH vo dung dch B xy ra phn ng

NaOH + HCl ( NaCl + H2O0,75

ng thi kt ta trng xut hin

FeCl2 + 2NaOH ( Fe(OH)2( + 2NaCl

AlCl3 + 3NaOh ( Fe(OH)3( + 3NaCl

n mt lc no kt ta tan dn nhng vn cn kt ta trng hi xanh khi NaOH dng d (v Fe(OH)2 c mu trng xanh)

Al(OH)3 + NaOH ( NaAlO2 + 2H2O

- Khi cho dung dch NaOH vo dung dch C xy ra phn ng

NaOH + HNO3 ( NaNO3 + H2O0,75

ng thi kt ta xanh xut hin

Cu(NO3)2 + 2NaOH ( Cu(OH)2 + 2NaNO3

Cu 2: (3)

- Khng th dng nhm ng dung dch kim mnh, chng hn nc vi trong l do:1

+ Trc ht lp Al2O3 b ph hu v Al2O3 l mt hp cht lng tnh

Al2O3 + Ca(OH)2 ( Ca(AlO2)2 + H2O0,3

+ Sau khi lp Al2O3 b ho tan, Al phn ng vi nc mnh0,3

2Al + 6H2O ( 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2(0,4

+ S ph hu Al xy ra lin tc bi v Al(OH)3sinh ra n u lp tc b ho tan ngay bi Ca(OH)2, do Al(OH)3 l hp cht lng tnh

2Al(OH)3 + Ca(OH)2 ( Ca(AlO2)2 + 4H2O

Phn ng ch dng li khi no ht nhm hoc ht nc vi trong

b/ * Trng hp axt hoc d1

Cn s nghing v cc cho km vo nu a xt hoc d

Phng trnh phn ng ho hc l:

Zn + H2SO4 ( ZnSO4 + H2(

65g

2g

ag

Fe + H2SO4 ( FeSO4 + H2(

56g

2g

ag

V > cho nn cn s nghing v cc cho ming st.

* Nu a xt thiu th lng H2 c tnh theo lng axit. Do lng axit bng nhau nn lng H2 thot ra hai cc bng nhau. Cn vn v tr cn bng sau khi kt thc phn ng0,4

0,4

0,3

1

Cu 3: (3)

a/ Trc ht iu ch Cl20,5

16HCl + 2KMnO4 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 ( + 8H2O

- Dng HCl ho tan Fe3O40,5

Fe3O4 + 8HCl ( FeCl2 + 2FeCl3 + 4H2O

- Cho kh Cl2 thu c trn sc vo dung dch cha FeCl2, FeCl3

2FeCl2 + Cl2 ( 2FeCl30,5

b/ Cc phn ng iu ch

Cch 1: 2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3

0,25

Cch 2: Fe2O3 + 6HCl ( 2FeCl3 + 3H2O

0,25

Cch 3: Fe(OH)3 + 3HCl FeCl3 + 3H2O

0,25

Cch 4: Fe2(SO4)3 + 3BaCl2 ( 3BaSO4( + 2FeCl3

0,25

Cch 5:Fe(NO3)3 + 3HCl ( FeCl3 + 3HNO3

0,25

Cch 6:2FeCl2 + Cl2 ( 2FeCl3

0,25

Cu 4: (4)

Do lng HCl d nn Mg, Fe c ho tan ht

0,3

Mg + 2HCl ( MgCl2 + H2((1)

Fe + 2HCl ( FeCl2 + H2(

(2)

Dung dch thu c trn khi tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d th ton b 0,3

cc kation kim loi c kt ta di dng hyrxit.

FeCl2 + 2NaOH ( 2NaCl + Fe(OH)2( (3)

MgCl2 + 2NaOH ( NaCl + Mg(OH)2((4)

Khi em nung kt ta trong khng kh n khi lng khng i xy ra cc phn ng 0,4

Mg(OH)2 ( MgO + H2O

(5)

4Fe(OH)2 + O2 ( 2Fe2O3 + 4H2O

(6)

Gi s trong hn hp ban u c x mol Mg v y mol Fe, theo gi thit ta c phng trnh

24x + 56y = m (*)

Mt khc theo nh lut bo ton suy ra s phn t gam Mg(OH)2 l x; s phn t gam Fe(OH)2 l y.

0,5

Khi nung khi lng cc cht rn gim mt lng

18x + 18y -

(**)

0,5

Gii h phng trnh gm (*) v (**) c

0,25

( 256y = 6m - 8a ( y =

0,5

Vy khi lng Fe = .56

0,25

Kt qu % v khi lng ca Fe

0,25

% v khi lng ca Mg

100% - (% = (%

0,25

b/ p dng bng s:

%Fe : (% =

0,25

% Mg : (% = 100% - 70% = 30%

0,25

Cu 5: (5,5)

- Sn phm chy khi t Hir cac bon bng kh O2 l Co2; H2O; O2 d. Khi dn sn phm chy i qua H2SO4 c th ton b H2O b gi li (do H2SO4 c ht nc mnh), do vy lng H2SO4 tng 10,8gam, chnh bng lng nc to thnh ( = 10,8gam), kh cn li l CO2, O2 d tip tc qua dung dch NaOH, xy ra phn ng gia CO2 v NaOH

1,5

Co2 + 2NaOH ( Na2CO3 + H2O (1)

0,5

CO2 + NaOH ( NAHCO3

(2)

Tu thuc vo s mol ca CO2 v NaOH m c th to ra mui trung ho Na2CO3 ln mui axit NaHCO3)0,25

* Trng hp 1:

2

NaOH d, sn phm ca phn ng gia CO2 v NaOH ch l mui trung ho. Dung dch A gm Na2CO3 + H2O0,5

Khi phn ng vi dung dch BaCl2, ton b mui gc cacbonat b chuyn thnh kt ta BaCO3.

Na2CO3 + BaCl2 ( BaCO3 + 2NaCl(3)

0,5

Ta c:

=

V:

=

( = 0,2 (mol)

0,5

Trong khi: =

Suy ra: T s khng tn ti hir cc bon no no nh vy v t s nh nht l CH4 chy

0,5

* Trng hp 2:

2,0

- Nh vy NaOH khng d. Ngha l NaOH phn ng ht. ng thi to ra c mui axt v mui trung ho (c phn ng (1) v (2) u xy ra, lng CO2 phn ng hon ton, lng CO2 b gi li hon ton)

0,25

- Theo phng trnh (1)n NaOH ban u = 0,35 . 2 = 0.7 (mol)

nNaOH = 2. = 2 . = 2 . 0,2 = 0,4 (mol)

( (1) = 0,2 (mol)(*)

0,25

Lng NaOH cn li: 0,7 - 0,4 = 0,3 (mol). Tham gia phn ng (2)

0,25

- Theo phng trnh (2): = n NaOH = 0,3 (mol) (**)

0,25

- Vy t (*), (**) lng kh CO2 to thnh trong phn ng chy l

= 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5 (mol)

0,25

Gi CTHH hir cc bon no l CnH2n+2 (n ( 1)

Phn ng chy;

CnH2n+2 + ( n Co2 + (n + 1)H2O

0,25

Do ;

0,25

Vy hir cc bon cn tm c cng thc ho hc C5H12

0,25

Ch : Nu hc sinh lm cch khc ng vn cho im ti a

S GD&T Thanh Ho k thi chn hsg cp tnh

chnh thc Ngy thi: 28 thng 3 nm 2008

Mn thi: Ho Hc Lp: 9 THCS

Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

Cu 1. (5,0 im) Nguyn liu Sn phm

1. A, B, C

Gang c sn xut t qung st trong l cao theo s : E, F, G

a. Em hy cho bit tn, cng thc ho hc(nu c) ca cc

cht: A, B, C, D, E, F, H, G, I. H

b. Nu qung st em dng l manhetit th phn D ng xy ra trong l cao nh th no? I 2.

a. Khi ta thi mnh mt lung khng kh vo bp ci ang chy, c th xy ra hin tng g?

b. V sao cc vin than t ong c ch to nhiu l xuyn dc, cn khi nhm bp than t ong ngi ta thng p thm mt ng khi cao ln ming l?

3. C cc cht: KMnO4, MnO2, dung dch HCl c. Nu khi lng cc cht KMnO4 v MnO2 bng nhau, em s chn cht no c th iu ch c nhiu kh clo hn? Nu s mol ca KMnO4 v MnO2 bng nhau, em s chn cht no c th iu ch c nhiu kh clo hn? Nu mun iu ch mt th tch kh clo nht nh, em s chn KMnO4 hay MnO2 tit kim c axit clohiric?

Hy bin ln trn c s ca nhng phn ng ho hc i vi mi s la chn trn.

Cu 2. (6,0 im)

1. A, B, D, F, G, H, I l cc cht hu c tho mn cc s phn ng sau:

A B + C ; B + C D ; D + E F ; F + O2 G + E

F + G H + E ; H + NaOH I + F ; G + L I + C

Xc nh A, B, D, F, G, H, I, L. Vit phng trnh ho hc biu din s phn ng trn.

2. Vit cng thc cu to cc ng phn ca A ng vi cng thc phn t C5H12. Xc nh cng thc cu to ng ca A bit rng khi A tc dng vi clo(askt) theo t l 1 : 1 v s mol to ra mt sn phm duy nht.

3. T nguyn liu chnh l vi, than , cc cht v c v iu kin cn thit. Vit s phn ng iu ch cc ru CH3OH; C2H5OH; CH3 CH2 CH2OH v cc axit tng ng.

Cu 3. (5,0 im)

Cho hn hp gm MgO, Al2O3 v mt oxit ca kim loi ho tr II km hot ng. Ly 16,2 gam A cho vo ng s nung nng ri cho mt lung kh H2 i qua cho n phn ng hon ton. Lng hi nc thot ra c hp th bng 15,3 gam dung dch H2SO4 90%, thu c dung dch H2SO4 85%. Cht rn cn li trong ng em ho tan trong HCl vi lng va , thu c dung dch B v 3,2 gam cht rn khng tan. Cho dung dch B tc dng vi 0,82 lt dung dch NaOH 1M, lc ly kt ta, sy kh v nung nng n khi lng khng i, c 6,08 gam cht rn.

Xc nh tn kim loi ho tr II v thnh phn % khi lng ca A.

Cu 4. (4,0 im)

Cho 2 hn hp kh A1 v A2 iu kin thng, mi hn hp gm H2 v mt hircacbon mch h bt k. Khi t chy 6 gam hn hp A1 to ra 17,6 gam CO2, mt khc 6 gam A1 lm mt mu c 32 gam brm trong dung dch. Hn hp A2(cha H2 d)

C t khi hi i vi H2 l 3. Cho A2 qua ng ng Ni nung nng(gi thit hiu sut 100%), to ra hn hp B c t khi so vi H2 l 4,5.

1. Tnh thnh phn % th tch cc kh trong A1 v A2.

2. Tm cng thc phn t ca hai hircacbon trong A1 v A2.

Cho bit: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Mg = 24, Al = 27, S = 32, Fe = 56, Cu = 64, Zn = 65.

S GD&T Thanh Ho k thi chn hsg cp Tnh

chnh thc Nm hc: 2008 - 2009

Mn thi: Ho Hc THCS

Ngy thi: 28 03 2009


Cu 1: (7,0 im) 1/ Vit 17 PTHH (c bn cht khc nhau) biu din cc phn ng xy ra iu ch mui.

2/ Vit cc PTHH theo s sau:

A B C + Na

Bit A gm Mg v Cu.

3/ Trong thnh phn kh thi ca mt nh my c cha cc kh CO2; SO2 v Cl2. Em hy xut mt phng php loi b cc kh ny trc khi thi ra mi trng.

4/ C 6 l mt nhn c cha cc kh: H2; CO2; CH4 v H2; CO2 v C2H4; H2 v C2H4; CH4 v CO2. M t qu trnh nhn ra ho cht trong tng l bng phng php ho hc.

Cu 2: (5,0 im)

1/ Bng phng php ho hc hy tch tng cht ring bit ra khi hn hp gm ru etylic v axit axetic.

2/ T ru etylic vit cc PTP iu ch poly etilen, axit axetic v cao su buna.

3/ Mt hp cht hu c A (cha cacbon, hiro, oxi) c phn t khi bng 60 .v.C.

a/ Xc nh CTPT ca A.

b/ Vit CTCT ca A, bit rng A c kh nng tc dng vi Na kim loi v dung dch NaOH. Vit PTHH biu din cc phn ng xy ra.

Cu 3: (4,0 im)

t chy hon ton hn hp cha 2 hiro cacbon A, B. Sn phm thu c ln lt cho qua bnh (1) ng H2SO4 c, khi lng bnh tng 3,24 gam, bnh (2) ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, to thnh 16 gam cht rn. Xc nh CTPT ca cc hiro cacbon. Bit rng s mol ca A, B c trong hn hp bng nhau v s mol CO2 c to ra t phn ng chy ca A v B bng nhau.

Cu 4: (4,0 im)

Cho 1,36 gam hn hp gm Fe v Mg vo 400ml dung dch CuSO4 nng a (mol/lit). Sau khi phn ng xong thu c 1,84 gam cht rn B v dung dch C. Them NaOH d vo dung dch C c kt ta. Sy, nung kt ta trong khng kh n khi lng khng i, cn c 1,2 gam cht rn D.

a/ Vit PTHH biu din cc phn ng c th xy ra.

b/ Tnh thnh phn % theo khi lng ca 2 kim loi trong A. Tnh a.

(Cho: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23, Mg = 24, S = 32, Ca = 40, Fe = 56, Cu = 64)

.......................................................Ht..................................................................

S GD&T Ngh An k thi chn hsg cp Tnh


Mn thi: Ho Hc THCS

Ngy thi: 20 03 2009


Cu 1: (4,5 im)

1/ T KMnO4 ; NH4HCO3 ; Fe ; MnO2 ; NaHSO3 ; BaS v cc dung dch Ba(OH)2 ; HCl c c th iu ch c nhng kh g? Vit phng trnh ho hc.

Khi iu ch cc kh trn thng c ln hi nc, lm kh tt c cc kh ch bng mt s ho cht th chn cht no trong s cc cht sau y: CaO ; CaCl2 khan ; H2SO4 c ; P2O5 ; NaOH rn.

2/ Vit cc phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn ng xy ra trong cc th nghim sau:

a/ Cho hn hp NaHCO3 v NaHSO3 vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d.

b/ Cho st d vo dung dch H2SO4 c nng c dung dch A. Cho A vo dung dch NaOH d c kt ta B. Lc kt ta B nung ngoi khng kh n khi lng khng i.

Cu 2: (4,0 im)

1/ Da vo c im cu to phn t. Vit cng thc cu to c th c ca cc cht c cng thc phn t C4H6.

2/ Cho hn hp X gm Ca v CaC2 vo nc d c hn hp kh Y. Cho hn hp kh Y qua bnh cha Ni nung nng c hn hp kh Z gm 4 cht. Cho hn hp kh Z qua bnh ng dung dch Br2 d, ri t chy hon ton hn hp kh thot ra khi bnh. Vit cc phng trnh ho hc xy ra trong cc th nghim trn.

Cu 3: (4,0 im)

Chia 26,88 gam MX2 thnh 2 phn bng nhau.

- Cho phn 1 vo 500ml dung dch NaOH d thu c 5,88 gam M(OH)2 kt ta v dung dch D.

- Cho phn 2 vo 360ml dung dch AgNO3 1M c dung dch B v 22,56 gam AgX kt ta. Cho thanh Al vo dung dch B thu c dung dch E, khi lng thanh Al sau khi ly ra cn li tng ln m gam so vi ban u (ton b kim loi thot ra bm vo thanh Al). Cho dung dch D vo dung dch E c 6,24 gam kt ta.

a/ Xc nh MX2 v gi tr m?

b/ Tnh nng mol ca dung dch NaOH dng.

(Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton)

Cu 4: (4,5 im)

Chia 17 gam hn hp rn X gm: MxOy ; CuO v Al2O3 thnh 2 phn bng nhau.

- Ho tan phn 1 vo dung dch NaOH d, cn li 7,48 gam hn hp rn A.

- Dn 4,928 lt kh CO (ktc) vo phn 2 nung nng c hn hp rn B v hn hp kh C, c t khi i vi hiro l 18. Ho tan B vo dung dch HCl d cn li 3,2 gam Cu.

a/ Vit cc phng trnh ho hc xy ra.

b/ Tnh % v khi lng ca mi nguyn t c trong hn hp X. Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton.

c/ ho tan hon ton A phi dng ht 12,5 gam dung dch H2SO4 98%, nng. Xc nh kim loi M v cng thc ca MxOy.

Bit: MxOy + H2SO4 e, nng ----> M2(SO4)3 + SO2 + H2O.

MxOy b kh v khng tan trong dung dch NaOH.

Cu 5: (3,0 im)

t chy hon ton V lit hn hp kh gm a gam hiro cacbon A v b gam hiro cacbon B (mch h). Ch thu c 35,2 gam CO2 v 16 gam H2O. Nu thm vo V lt X mt lng a/2 gam A c hn hp kh Y, t chy hon ton Y ch thu c 48,4 gam CO2 v 23,4 gam H2O. Xc nh cng thc phn t A, B.

Cho: H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; Ca = 40;

Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Br = 80; Ag = 108.

...........................................................Ht.............................................................

S GD&T tha thin hu k thi chn hsg cp Tnh


Mn thi: Ho Hc THCS

Ngy thi: 20 03 2009


Cu 1: (2,0 im)

1. Trong phng th nghim ta thng iu ch kh CO2 t CaCO3 v dung dch HCl (dng bnh kp), do kh CO2 thu c cn b ln mt t kh hiro clorua v hi nc. Hy trnh by phng php ho hc thu c kh CO2 tinh khit. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ho hc xy ra.

2. Bng phng php no c th phn bit c 3 cht bt: BaCO3 ; MgCO3 ; Na2CO3. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ho hc xy ra.

Cu 2: (2,0 im)

1. Polime X cha 38,4% cacbon; 56,8% clo v cn li l hiro v khi lng. Xc nh cng thc phn t, vit cng thc cu to ca X v gi tn, cho bit trong thc t X dng lm g?

2. T metan v cc cht v c cn thit khc. Hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng ho hc (ghi r iu kin) iu ch X ni trn.

Cu 3: (2,5 im)

1. Ho tan 7 gam mt kim loi R trong 200 gam dung dch HCl va , thu c 206,75 gam dung dch A. Xc nh kim loi R.

2. Mt hn hp X gm 2 hirocacbon mch h CxH2x v CyH2y. Bit 9,1 gam X lm mt mu va ht 40 gam brom trong dung dch. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca 2 hirocacbon . Bit trong X thnh phn th tch ca cht c phn t khi nh nm trong khong t 65% n 75%.

Cu 4: (1,5 im)

Ho tan ht hn hp X gm oxit ca mt kim loi c ho tr II v mui cacbonat ca kim loi bng H2SO4 long va , sau phn ng thu c sn phm gm kh Y v dung dch Z. Bit lng kh Y bng 44% lng X. em c cn dung dch Z thu c mt lng mui khan bng 168% lng X. Hi kim loi ho tr II ni trn l kim loi g? Tnh thnh phn phn trm ca mi cht trong hn hp X.

Cu 5: (2,0 im)

t chy hon ton mt lng cht hu c A cn 6,72 lt oxi (ktc). Cho ton b sn phm to thnh (ch gm CO2, H2O) vo mt lng nc vi trong, sau khi kt thc phn ng thu c 10 gam kt ta v 200 ml dung dch mui c nng 0,5M, khi lng dung dch mui ny nng hn khi lng nc vi trong em dng l 8,6 gam. Hy xc nh cng thc phn t hp cht hu c A. Bit 40 < MA < 74.

Cho: H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; Ca = 40; Br = 80.

---------------------------------Ht----------------------------------

- Th sinh c s dng bng h thng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc, bng tnh tan.

- Gim th coi thi khng gii thch g thm.

H v tn th sinh: ..............................................................................................S bo danh: ......................

thi hs gii khi 9 - THCS

mn ho - thi gian 150 phT

Cu 1 : (1,5 )

1, iu ch v thu kh ccbonc t phn ng gia CaCO3 vi dung dch a xt H2SO4 long, iu ch v thu kh hyr t phn ng gia km vi dung dch Axt HCl. Dng c no di y c th iu ch v thu c tng kh trn:

---

-------

-------

-------------------------------------

------------------ ---------------

-----------------

-------------

( b )

(a )

(c )

(d )

2, Khi cho lung kh Hyr (c d) i qua ng nghim cha Al2O3 , FeO , CuO , MgO nung nng n phn ng xy ra hon ton. Cht rn cn li trong ng nghim gm:

A. Al, Fe , Cu , Mg

B . Al2O3 , Fe , Cu , MgO .

C . Al2O3 , Fe , Cu , Mg

D . Al , Fe , Cu , MgO

Hy chn phng n ng .

Cu 2 : (4 )

1, Trn bao b 1 loi phn bn NPK c ghi k hiu: 20 : 10 : 10

- K hiu ny c ngha g ?

- Hy tnh t l hm lng cc nguyn t N,P,K trong loi phn bn trn .

2 , Cho cc kh sau: O2 , H2S , NH3 , CO2 , H2 .

Trong phng th nghim , khi iu ch cc kh trnT mun thu li cc kh vo l sch v kh , phi t l nh th no ? V sao ? Hy v hnh minh ho .

3, Vit cc phng trnh ho hc khc nhau thc hin phn ng theo s sau :

FeCl2 + ? NaCl + ? .

Cu 3 : ( 6 )

Ho tan 19,5 gam FeCl3 v 27,36 gam Al2 (SO4 )3 vo 200gam dung dch H2SO4 9,8 % c dung dch A , sau ho tan tip 77,6 gam NaOH nguyn cht vo dung dch A thy xut hin kt ta B v c dung dch C . Lc ly kt ta B .

a / Nung B n khi lng khng i hy tnh khi lng cht rn thu c .

b / Thm nc vo dung dch C c dung dch D c khi lng l 400 gam . Tnh khi lng nc cn thm vo v nng phn trm ca cc cht tan trong dung dch D .

1

c / Cn thm bao nhiu ml dung dch HCl 2M vo dung dch D c kt ta ln nht Cu 4 : ( 8,5 )

1, Vit cc phng trnh ho hc hon thnh s phn ng sau :

C6H12

CaCO3 CaOCaC2

C2H2C6H6 C6H5Br

C6H6Cl6

C6H5NO2 2, t chy 0,282 gam hp cht hu c X v cho cc cht sinh ra i qua cc bnh ng CaCl2 v KOH thy bnh CaCl2 tng thm 0,194 gam cn bnh KOH tng 0,8 gam. Mt khc t chy 0,186 gam cht sinh ra 22,4 ml kh nit ( o iu kin tiu chun ). Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t l cng thc no sau y:

(Bit phn t hp cht hu c c 1 nguyn t ni t)

A. C6H5N B . C6H7N C, C2H5N D, Tt c u sai.

Gii thch cho s la chn.

3, KCl c iu ch t qung Sin vi nit l hn hp gm ch yu c KCl v NaCl . Hy nu phng php tch ring KCl

s 1:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu 1: (5,5 im) 1. Cho nhng cht sau: Na2O, Na, NaOH, Na2CO3, AgCl, NaCl.

a. Hy sp xp cc cht trn thnh hai dy bin ha?

b. Vit cc PTHH ca cc phn ng trong mi dy bin ha?

2. Nu hin tng v vit PTHH biu din cc phn ng trong cc trng hp sau:

a. Cho kim loi Bari vo tng dung dch: NaHCO3, NH4Cl, Al(NO3)3.

b. Cho kim loi ng vo dung dch H2SO4 96% v un nng.

3. Vit 4 PTHH th hin 4 cch khc nhau iu ch kh clo.

4. Cho hn hp bt gm Al; Fe; Cu. Trnh by phng php tch tng kim loi ra khi hn hp trn?

5. Vit cng thc cu to c th c ca cc cht ng vi cng thc phn t sau: C3H8O; C4H8; C3H6O2Cu 2: (2,5 im) Chn 2 cht v c tho mn cht R trong s sau:

A B C

R R R R

X Y Z

Vit cc PTHH minh ho:

Cu 3: (2,0 im) A l thnh phn chnh ca kh bn ao, E l ru Etylic, G v H l cc polime. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H v hon thnh cc phng trnh ho hc th hin theo s bin ho sau (ghi r cc iu kin nu c).

C + Y F (TH:t0,p,xt) G

+ X, (t0,xt) (xt) (t0,xt)

AB E CH3COOC2H5 +Y, (t0,xt) + X (t0,xt)

D ( t0,xt )C (TH:t0,p,xt) H

Cu 4: (5,0 im)

Ho tan 7,8 gam hn hp gm 2 kim loi: Mg v Al vo bnh ng dung dch HCl va , sau phn ng ny khi lng bnh tng thm 7 gam.

a/ Tnh thnh phn % theo khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp.

b/ Cho 7,8 gam hn hp kim loi trn vo 400 ml dung dch CuSO4 1M, sau phn ng thu c cht rn A. Tnh khi lng cht rn A v nng mol/lit ca cc dung dch sau phn ng (coi nh th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k).

Cu 5: (5,0 im) Hn hp A gm 2 axit cacboxylic no, n chc c khi lng phn t hn km nhau 28 vC. Ly m gam hn hp A cho phn ng vi Na d, thu c 3,36 lit kh H2 (ktc). Mt khc t chy hon ton m gam hn hp A, dn ton b sn phm qua bnh 1 cha P2O5, sau qua bnh 2 cha 470,25 gam dung dch Ba(OH)2 20%. Sau phn ng khi lng bnh 1 (cha P2O5) tng 14,4 gam, bnh 2 c dung dch B v khng c kh i ra khi bnh 2. a/ Tnh m gam?

b/ Xc nh cng thc cu to ca mi axit.

c/ Tnh s gam mi axit trong hn hp ban u.

d/ Tnh nng % ca cht tan trong dung dch B.

s 2:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I: (7,0 im)1/ Nu hin tng c th xy ra v vit cc PTHH biu din cc phn ng:

a. Sc kh CO2 t t vo dung dch nc vi.

b. MnO2 + 4HCl c, nng.

c. K + dd FeCl3d. dd Ca(OH) 2 + dd NaHCO3

2/ Ch dng Ba(OH)2 c th phn bit 6 dung dch sau y khng? Vit PTHH minh ho. NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, Na2SO4, AlCl3 , FeCl2, NaCl.

3/ Xc nh cc cht A, B, C, D, E, F, M v hon thnh cc phng trnh ho hc theo s sau: (Bit M l kim loi)

AC

+HCl(d d) + F, kk, t0 D M + Fe,t0 + Cl2 ,t0 E D M.

+ Cl2,t0 + NaOH(dd) B

4/ Hon thnh s bin ho sau (ghi r iu kin nu c)

B C Cao su buna

( 2 )

CaC2 ( 1 ) A Bit G (thnh phn chnh ca kh bn ao) ( 5 )

D Ru etylic E F G

5/ C 4 l mt nhn cha ring bit cc kh CO2, CH4, C2H4 v C2H2. Bng phng php ho hc hy nhn bit cc nm trong mi l. Vit phng trnh ho hc minh ho (nu c).

Cu II: (3,0 im) Cho 3,16 gam hn hp A gm Fe v Mg vo 250 ml dung dch Cu(NO3)2 khuy u hn hp cho n khi phn ng kt thc thu c dung dch B v 3,84 gam cht rn D. Thm vo dung dch B mt lng NaOH d ri lc kt ta em nung nhit cao n khi lng khng i c 1,4 gam rn E gm 2 oxit.a/ Tnh % theo khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp A.

b/ Tnh nng mol/lit ca dung dch Cu(NO3)2.

Cu III: (5,0 im) Hn hp A c khi lng 8,14 gam gm CuO, Al2O3 v mt oxit ca st. Cho H2 d qua A nung nng, sau khi phn ng xong thu c 1,44 gam H2O. Ho tan hon ton A cn dng 170 ml dung dch H2SO4 long 1M, c dung dch B. Cho B tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, lc ly kt ta em nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i, c 5,2 gam cht rn. Xc nh cng thc ca oxit st v khi lng ca tng oxit trong A.Cu IV: (5,0 im) Hn hp X gm mt axit no, n chc, mch h A v mt ru no, n chc, mch h B c phn t khi bng nhau. Chia m gam hn hp X thnh 2 phn bng nhau. t chy ht phn 1 ri cho ton b sn phm chy hp th hon ton vo 110 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M thu c 19,7 gam kt ta.

Cho phn 2 tc dng vi Na thu c 420 ml kh H2 (ktc).

a/ Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.

b/ Tm CTPT ca A, B. Vit cc ng phn ca A, B.

c/ Tnh m.

s 3:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I: (8,0 im)

1/ Vit PTHH biu din phn ng khi:

a/ Cho Na vo dung dch Al2(SO4)3

b/ Cho K vo dung dch FeSO4

c/ Ho tan Fe3O4 vo dung dch H2SO4 long.

d/ Nung nng Al vi Fe2O3 to ra hn hp Al2O3 v FexOy.

2/ Bng phng php ho hc hy nhn bit 4 kim loi di dng bt: Mg, Al, Fe, Ag, ng trong 4 l mt nhn. Vit PTHH minh ho.

3/ Cht rn A mu xanh lam tan c trong nc to thnh dung dch, khi cho thm NaOH vo dung dch to ra kt ta B mu xanh lam m. Khi nung nng cht B b ho en. Nu sau tip tc nung nng sn phm trong dng kh H2 th to ra cht rn C mu . Cht rn C tc dng vi mt axit v c c li to ra cht A ban u.

Hy cho bit cht A l cht no v vit tt c cc PTHH xy ra.

4/ A, B, D, F, G, H, I l cc cht hu c tho mn cc s phn ng sau:

A B + C ; B + C D ; D + E F ; F + O2 G + E



5/ Bng phng php ho hc hy nu cch phn bit 5 cht kh sau: CO, NO, C2H2, SO2 v CO2.

Cu II: (3,0 im) C V1 lit dung dch a xit HCl cha 9,125 gam cht tan (dd A) v c V2 lit dung dch axit HCl cha 5,475 gam cht tan (dd B). Trn V1 lit dd A vo V2 lit dd B thu c dd C c V = 2 lit.

a/ Tnh nng mol/lit ca dung dch C.

b/ Tnh nng mol/lit ca dung dch A v B. Bit CM (A) CM (B) = 0,4 M

Cu III: (4,0 im)

Cho 14,8 gam hn hp gm kim loi ho tr II, oxit v mui sunfat ca kim loi , tan vo dung dch H2SO4 long d th thu c dung dch A v thot ra 4,48 lt kh ( ktc). Cho dung dch NaOH d vo dung dch A, c kt ta B. Nung kt ta B nhit cao n khi lng khng i c 14 gam cht rn.

Mt khc cho 14,8 gam hn hp trn vo 0,2 lit dung dch CuSO4 2M th sau khi ng kt thc, ta tch b cht rn ri em chng kh dung dch th cn li 62 gam.

a/ Tnh thnh phn % theo khi lng ca cc cht c trong hn hp ban u.

b/ Xc nh kim loi .

Cu 5: (5,0 im)

hirat ho (loi H2O) hon ton 26,5 gam hn hp X gm 2 ru no, n chc A, B c 17,5 gam hn hp 2 anken. Bit anken c khi lng phn t ln c t khi i vi oxi nh hn 2.

a/ Xc nh CTPT ca A, B v thnh phn % ca mi cht trong hn hp X.

b/ Xc nh cc cht A, B, C, D, E, F v vit cc PTHH minh ho.

C2H6 A B C D EF

(Cho: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Mg = 24, S = 32, Cl = 35,5, Na = 23, Cu = 64, Fe = 56).

s 4:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I: (8,0 im)

1/ C cc phn ng sau:

MnO2 + HCl c Kh ANa2SO3 + H2SO4 (l) Kh BFeS + HCl Kh C

NH4HCO3 + NaOHd Kh D

Na2CO3 + H2SO4 (l) Kh E

a. Xc nh cc kh A, B, C, D, E.

b. Cho A tc dng C, B tc dng vi dung dch A, B tc dung vi C, A tc dung dch NaOH iu kin thng, E tc dng dung dch NaOH. Vit cc PTHH xy ra.

c. C 3 bnh kh A, B, E mt nhn. Bng phng php ho hc hy phn bit cc kh.

2/ Mt hn hp X gm cc cht: Na2O, NaHCO3, NH4Cl, BaCl2 c s mol mi cht bng nhau. Ho tan hn hp X vo nc, ri un nh thu c kh Y, dung dch Z v kt ta M. Xc nh cc cht trong Y, Z, M v vit phng trnh phn ng minh ho.

3/ T than , vi v cc cht v c cn thit khc. Hy vit cc phng trnh iu ch poli vinyl clrua, poli etilen, axit axtic, cao su buna. (ghi r cc iu kin)

4/ C cc cht ng ring bit trong cc l mt nhn gm: Ru etylic, axit axtic, benzen, dung dch NaOH, dung dch H2SO4, dung dch Ba(OH)2. Bng phng php ho hc hy phn bit cc cht ng trong mi l trn.

Cu II. (3,0 im)

Ho tan hn hp M gm Fe v Zn trong 500 ml dung dch HCl 0,4M thu c dung dch A v 1,792 lit H2 (ktc). C cn A thu c 10,52 gam mui khan.

1. Tnh % khi lng mi kim loi trong M.

2. Tnh th tch NaOH 0,5M cn dng trung ho axt d.

Cu III.(4,0 im)

Cho 4,8 gam bt magi vo 400 ml dung dch gm AgNO3 0,2M v Cu(NO3)2 0,5M. Khuy u dung dch cho n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c cht rn A, dung dch B.

a/ Tnh khi lng cht rn A.

b/ Tnh nng mol/lit cc cht trong dung dch B.

Cu IV: (5,0 im) t chy hon ton 17,25 gam mt ru no, n chc A thu c 33 gam CO2 v 20,25 gam H2O.

1/ Xc nh cng thc phn t, cng thc cu to ca A.

2/ Hn hp X gm A v B l ng ng ca nhau. Cho 11,7 gam hn hp X tc dng vi Na d thu c 3,36 lit H2 ( ktc). Xc nh cng thc cu to ca B v tnh thnh phn % theo khi lng ca A v B trong X.

3/ t chy hon ton hn hp X ri cho ton b sn phm chy i qua bnh ng dung dch Ba(OH)2 d th thu c 118,2 gam kt ta. Tnh khi lng X em t chy.

.............................................................Ht...................................................................

(Cho: H = 1, C = 12, N = 14, O = 16, Mg = 24, S = 32, Cl = 35,5, Ca = 40, Cu = 64,

Fe = 56, Ag = 108, Zn = 65).

s 5:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I. (8,0 im)

1/ t chy cacbon trong oxi nhit cao c hn hp kh A. Cho A tc dng vi FeO nung nng c kh B v hn hp cht rn C. Cho B tc dng vi dung dch nc vi trong thu c kt ta K v dung dch D, un si D li thu c kt ta K. Cho C tan trong dung dch HCl, thu c kh v dung dch E. Cho E tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d c kt ta hiroxit F. Nung F trong khng kh ti khi lng khng i thu c cht rn G. Xc nh cc cht A, B, C, D, K, E, F. Vit cc PTHH xy ra.

2/ Hy dng mt ho cht phn bit cc dung dch ring bit sau: NH4Cl, NaNO3, MgCl2, FeCl2, FeCl3, AgNO3, AlCl3.

Vit PTHH minh ho.

3/ Vit cc PTHH theo s bin ho sau:

FeFeCl2 FeCl3 Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3 Fe2(SO4)3 Fe(NO3)3 7 13 14 15

Fe(OH)2 FeO Fe FeCl3 FeCl2 Fe(NO3)2

4/ T kh thin nhin, cc cht v c v iu kin cn thit vit cc phng trnh phn ng iu ch axtilen, ru etylic, axit axtic, poli vinyl clorua (PVC), cao su buna.

Cu II. (3,0 im) Cho 18,6 gam hn hp 2 kim loi l R c ho tr II v Zn tc dng vi dung dch HCl d. Khi phn ng kt thc thu c dung dch 2 mui v 6,72 lt kh ( ktc). Bit rng trong hn hp ban u t l s mol R : Zn l 1 : 2.

a/ Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.

b/ Tnh khi lng mi mui thu c sau phn ng v tnh th tch dung dch HCl 1,5M ti thiu cn dng.

c/ Xc nh kim loi R

Cu III. (4,0 im)

Cho 2,3 gam bt A gm Al, Fe, Cu tc dng hon ton vi 40 ml dung dch CuSO4 1M thu c dung dch B v hn hp D gm 2 kim loi. Cho dung dch NaOH tc dng t t vi dung dch B cho n khi thu c kt ta ln nht, nung kt ta trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c 1,82 gam hn hp 2 oxit. Cho D tc dng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3 d, thu c 12,96 gam Ag. Tnh s gam mi kim loi trong A.

Cu IV: (5,0 im) Hn hp kh A gm C2H2 v H2 c khi lng 5,8 gam v c th tch l 11,2 lt ( ktc). Dn hn hp A qua ng ng Ni nung nng, thu c hn hp kh B. Cho B qua bnh ng dung dch Br2 d, thu c hn hp kh thot ra X. t chy hon ton X ri cho ton b sn phm vo bnh cha dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thu c 24 gam kt ta v khi lng bnh tng ln 17,4 gam.

a/ Xc nh th tch ca tng kh trong hn hp A ( ktc).

b/ Tnh tng khi lng ca bnh ng dung dch brm.

c/ Tnh thnh phn % v s mol cc kh trong hn hp B.

.............................................................Ht...................................................................

(Cho: H = 1, C = 12, N = 14, O = 16, Mg = 24, Al = 27, S = 32, Cl = 35,5, Ca = 40,

Cu = 64, Fe = 56, Ag = 108, Zn = 65). s 6:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I: (8,0 im)

1/ t hn hp C v S trong Oxi d thu c hn hp A.

- Cho 1/2 A li qua dung dch NaOH thu c dung dich B v kh C.

- Cho kh C qua hn hp cha CuO, MgO nung nng thu c cht rn D v kh E.

- Cho kh E li qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 thu c kt ta F v dung dch G thm dung dch KOH vo G li thy c kt ta F xut hin. un nng G cng thy kt ta F.

Cho 1/2 kh A cn li qua xc tc, nung nng thu c kh M. Dn M qua dung dch BaCl2 thy c kt ta N.

Xc nh thnh phn A, B, C, D, E, F, G, M, N v vit tt c cc phn ng xy ra.

2/ Vit cc phng trnh ho hc th hin theo s bin ho sau (ghi r iu kin).

FeCl2 ( 2 )Fe(NO3)2 ( 3 ) Fe(OH)2 (1 ) ( 4 )

Fe ( 9 ) ( 10 ) ( 11) Fe2O3

( 5 ) ( 8 ) FeCl3 ( 6 )Fe(NO3)3 ( 7 ) Fe(OH)3

3/ C 5 mu kim loi Ba, Mg, Fe, Al, Ag nu ch dng dung dch H2SO4 long c th nhn bit c nhng kim loi no. Vit cc PTHH minh ho.

4/ Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng theo s bin ho sau (ghi r iu kin)

DE

men gim Xt : CaO, T

+O2

CO2 ABCH4 F

+ HO XT

XT, T Crcking,T

C4H6 C4H10Xc nh cc cht A, B, D, E, F trong mi phng trnh.

5/ Cho mt hir cacbon A, t chy hon ton 1 mol A cn 6 mol oxi. Xc nh cng thc phn t, vit cng thc cu to v gi tn A. Bit A th kh.

Cu 2: (3,0 im) Cho m (gam) mt kim loi M ho tr II vo V lt dung dch CuSO4 0,2 M ti khi phn ng hon ton tch c 38,65 gam cht rn A.

- Cho 7,73 (gam) A tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thot ra 1,12 lt kh ( ktc).

- Cho 23,19 (gam) A tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d thu c 77,76 (gam) cht rn. Tm V, xc inh kim loi M v tnh khi lng m (gam) dng.

Cu 3: (5,0 im) Hn hp bt A gm Fe v Mg c khi lng 2,72g c chia thnh 2 phn bng nhau.

Phn 1: Cho vo 400ml dung dch CuSO4 a(M) ch cho phn ng xong thu c 1,84g cht rn B v dung dch C. Cho dung dch NaOH d vo dung dch C thu c kt ta. Sy nung kt ta trong khng kh n khi lng khng i cn c 1,2g cht rn D. Tnh thnh phn % theo khi lng ca mi kim loi trong hn hp A v tr s a?

Phn 2: Cho tc dng vi V(ml) dung dch AgNO3 0,1M. Sau khi phn ng xong thu c cht rn E c khi lng 3,36g. Tnh thnh phn % theo khi lng cc cht trong cht rn E? Tnh V?

Cu 4: (4,0 im) t chy hon ton hn hp (A) gm 2 hircacbon (X), (Y) mch h, cng dy ng ng. Hp th ton b sn phm vo 4,5 lt dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,02M, thu c kt ta v khi lng dung dch tng 3,78 gam. Cho dung dch Ba(OH)2 d vo dung dch thu c, kt ta li tng thm, tng khi lng kt ta 2 ln l 18,85 gam. T khi hi ca hn hp (A) i vi Heli nh hn 10.

Hy xc nh cng thc cu to ca (X), (Y). Bit rng s mol ca (X) bng 60% tng s mol ca (X), (Y) c trong hn hp (A). Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton.

s 7:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I (8,0 im)

1/ Hn hp A gm Fe3O4, Al, Al2O3, Fe.

Cho A tan trong dung dch NaOH d, thu c cht rn B, dung dch C v kh D. Cho kh D d tc dng vi A nung nng c cht rn A1. Dung dch C cho tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long d c dung dch C1. Cht rn A1 tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 c nng (va ) thu c dung dch E v kh F. Cho E tc dng vi bt Fe d c dung dch H. Vit cc PTHH xy ra.

2/ Cho hn hp gm: Al2O3, CuO, CuCl2, AlCl3. Bng phng php ho hc hy tch cc cht trn ra khi hn hp. Vit cc PTHH trong qu trnh tch cc cht.

3/ C 4 l mt nhn cha ring bit cc kh CO2, CH4, C2H4 v C2H2. Bng phng php ho hc hy nhn bit cc nm trong mi l. Vit phng trnh ho hc minh ho (nu c).

4/ Cho mt ru no X, t chy hon ton mt mol X cn 3 mol oxi. Xc nh cng thc phn t, vit cng thc cu to v gi tn X.

5/ Vit cng thc cu to cc ng phn ng vi cng thc phn t: C3H6O2, C3H8O, C3H6, C5H106/ Cht A c cng thc phn t C4H6. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A, B, C, D v hon thnh phng trnh ha hc biu din cc phn ng theo s :

+Cl2 dd NaOH +H2 H2SO4 t0,xt,p

A B C D A Cao su

1:1 Ni,t0 1700C

Cu II (5,0 im)

Cho hn hp gm MgO, Al2O3 v mt oxit ca kim loi ho tr II km hot ng. Ly 16,2 gam A cho vo ng s nung nng ri cho mt lung kh H2 i qua cho n phn ng hon ton. Lng hi nc thot ra c hp th bng 15,3 gam dung dch H2SO4 90%, thu c dung dch H2SO4 85%. Cht rn cn li trong ng em ho tan trong HCl vi lng va , thu c dung dch B v 3,2 gam cht rn khng tan. Cho dung dch B tc dng vi 0,82 lt dung dch NaOH 1M, lc ly kt ta, sy kh v nung nng n khi lng khng i, c 6,08 gam cht rn.

Xc nh tn kim loi ho tr II v thnh phn % khi lng ca A.

Cu III. (3,0 im)

a/ Cho 13,8 gam cht A l mui cacbonat ca kim loi kim vo 110 ml dung dch HCl 2M. Sau phn ng thu c dung dch B (dung dch B lm giy qu chuyn thnh mu ) v th tch kh thot ra V1 vt qu 2016 ml.Vit PTHH xy ra, tm A v tnh th tch kh thot ra V1.

b/ Ho tan 13,8 gam cht A trn vo nc, va khuy, va thm tng git dung dch HCl 1M cho ti 180 ml dung dch axit, th thu c V2 lit kh. Vit PTHH xy ra v tnh V2.

(Bit th tch cc kh u o ktc)

Cu III. (4,0 im)

Hn hp kh X gm mt ankan v mt anken. Cho 6,72 (l) hn hp X qua bnh nc brom d thy c 16(g) brm tham gia phn ng. Bit 11,2 (l) hn hp X nng 21,66(g).a, Tm cng thc phn t ca ankan v anken.

b, t chy hon ton 6,72 (l) hn hp X v cho tt c sn phm chy hp th vo dung dch NaOH (d), sau thm BaCl2 d th thu c bao nhiu (g) cht kt ta?

(Bit th tch cc kh u c o ktc)

c, T anken trn hy vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch glyxrin (C3H5(OH)3).

.............................................................Ht...................................................................

(Cho: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Mg = 24, S = 32, Cl = 35,5, Cu = 64, Fe = 56, Ag = 108, Ba = 137).

s 8:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I. (8,0 im)

1/ Hn hp A gm BaO, FeO, Al2O3. Ho tan A trong lng nc d c dd D v phn khng tan B. Sc kh CO2 d vo D, phn ng to kt ta. Cho kh CO d i qua B nung nng c cht rn E. Cho E tc dng vi dd NaOH d, thy tan mt phn v cn li cht rn G. Ho tan ht G trong lng d H2SO4 long ri cho dd thu c tc dng vi dd NaOH d, lc kt ta nung ngoi khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c cht rn Z.

Gii thch th nghim trn bng cc phng trnh ho hc.

2/ Ch dng phenol phtalein hy nhn bit 5 dung dch: Na2SO4, H2SO4, NaOH, BaCl2, MgCl2.

3/ Hn hp A gm CuO, CuCl2, Al2O3, AlCl3. Bng phng php ho hc hy tch ring tng cht ra khi hn hp A m khng lm thay i khi lng ca chng.

4/

a, Xc nh cc cht t A1 n A11 v vit cc phng trnh phn ng sau:

A1 + A2 A3 + A4A3 + A5 A6 + A7A6 + A8 + A9 A10A10 A11 + A8A11 + A4 A1 + A8 Bit A3 l mui st Clorua, nu ly 1,27 gam A3 tc dng vi dd AgNO3 d thu c 2,87 gam kt ta.

b, Vit tt c cc ng phn c th c ng vi cng thc phn t: C3H6O2; C4H10O v C4H8.


Cu II. (3,0 im)

Ho tan hon ton 1,64 gam hn hp A gm Al v Fe trong 250 ml dung dch HCl 1M c dung dch B. Thm 100 gam dung dch NaOH 12% vo B, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, lc ly kt ta thu c ri em nung kt ta ngoi khng kh n khi lng khng i th thu c 0,8 gam cht rn. Tnh thnh phn % theo khi lng mi kim loi trong A.

Cu III. (4,0 im)

Ho tan a(g) hn hp Na2CO3 v KHCO3 vo nc c 400ml dung dch A. Cho t t 100ml dung dch HCl 1,5M vo dung dch A thu c dung dch B v 1,008l kh (ktc). Cho B tc dng vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thu c 29,55g kt ta.

a. Tnh A.

b. Tnh nng mi mui trong dung dch A.

c. Nu tin hnh cho t t dung dch A trn vo bnh ng 100ml dung dch HCl 1,5M. Tnh th tch kh CO2(ktc) c to ra.

Cu IV. (5,0 im)

Cho 6,72 lt (ktc) hn hp kh A gm 2 hirocacbon mch h. Chia lm 2 phn bng nhau:

Dn phn 1 qua dung dch Br2 d, khi lng dung dch tng a gam, lng Br2 phn ng ht 32 gam khng c kh thot ra khi dung dch.

t chy phn 2 v cho sn phm chy qua bnh ng P2O5. Sau cho qua KOH rn. Sau th nghim bnh ng P2O5 tng b gam v bnh ng KOH tng 17,6 gam.

a/ Tm cng thc phn t ca 2 hirocacbon.

b/ Tnh % V cc kh trong A.

c/ Tnh cc gi tr a, b.

s 9:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I (8,0 im)

1, Xc nh cc cht A, B, C, D, E, F, H v hon thnh s bin ha sau:

+ NaOH C + E

A B +NaOH +HCl H Bit rng H l thnh phn chnh ca phn; B l kh

+ NaOH D +F dng np cho cc bnh cha chy(dp tt la).

2, A, B, D, F, G, H, I l cc cht hu c tho mn cc s phn ng sau:

A B + C ; B + C D ; D + E F ; F + O2 G + E



3, Vit cng thc cu to cc ng phn ca A ng vi cng thc phn t C5H12. Xc nh cng thc cu to ng ca A bit rng khi A tc dng vi clo(askt) theo t l 1 : 1 v s mol to ra mt sn phm duy nht.

4, T nguyn liu chnh l vi, than , cc cht v c v iu kin cn thit. Vit s phn ng iu ch cc ru CH3OH; C2H5OH; CH3 CH2 CH2OH v cc axit tng ng.

5, C cc cht: KMnO4, MnO2, dung dch HCl c. Nu khi lng cc cht KMnO4 v MnO2 bng nhau, em s chn cht no c th iu ch c nhiu kh clo hn? Nu s mol ca KMnO4 v MnO2 bng nhau, em s chn cht no c th iu ch c nhiu kh clo hn? Nu mun iu ch mt th tch kh clo nht nh, em s chn KMnO4 hay MnO2 tit kim c axit clohiric?

Hy bin ln trn c s ca nhng phn ng ho hc i vi mi s la chn trn.

Cu II (2,0 im) Cho m(g) CuO vo 160ml dung dch axt HCl 1M thu c dung dch A (th tch khng i). Ngi ta cho vo dd A mt inh st c d, sau khi phn ng xong ly inh st ra lm kh v cn thy khi lng khng i.

1. Gii thch v sao thy khi lng khng i.

2.Tnh gi tr m(g) v nng CM ca cht trong A.

Cu III (5,0 im) Cho 9,86g hn hp gm Mg v Zn vo 1 cc cha 430ml dung dch H2SO4 1M long. Sau khi phn ng hon ton, thm tip vo cc 1,2 lit dung dch hn hp gm Ba(OH)2 0,05M v NaOH 0,7M, khuy u cho phn ng hon ton, ri lc ly kt ta v nung nng n khi lng khng i th thu c 26,08g cht rn. Tnh khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp u.

Cu IV (5,0 im) Hn hp kh A gm hiro, mt parafin v 2 olefin l ng ng lin tip. Cho 560 ml A i qua ng cha bt Ni nung nng c 448 ml hn hp kh A1 li qua bnh nc brom thy nc brom nht mu mt phn v khi lng bnh nc brom tng thm 0,343 gam. Hn hp kh A2 i ra khi bnh nc brom chim th tch 291,2 ml v c t khi i vi khng kh bng 1,313. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca cc hirocacbon v tnh thnh phn % th tch mi kh trong hn hp A.

Gi thit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, cc olefin phn ng vi tc bng nhau (ngha l t l vi thnh phn % th tch ca chng) v cc th tch kh o ktc.

.............................................................Ht...................................................................

Cho: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Mg = 24, S = 32, Cl = 35,5, Ca = 40, Cu = 64, Fe = 56, Ag = 108, Ba =137.

s 10:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I. (6,0 im)1/ Khi cho bt nhm tc dng vi dung dch NaOH un nng thu c dung dch X1 v kh X2.Thm vo X1 mt t tinh th NH4Cl ri tip tc un nng thy to thnh kt ta X3 v c kh X4 thot ra.Xc nh X1, X2, X3, X4 .Vit phng trnh ho hc biu din cc phn ng xy ra.

2/ Xc nh cc cht A , B , C , D , E , F , G , H v hon thnh s bin ho sau

C (Bit rng C l thnh phn chnh ca phn)

( 2 ) + G + H ( 3 )

( 9 )

A ( 1 ) B ( 8 ) E ( 6 ) C ( 7 ) F

+ HO + G + H

( 4 ) ( 5 )

D

3/

a, Bng phng php ho hc hy tch SO2 ra khi hn hp gm cc kh SO2 ,SO3 , O2.

b, Bng phng php ho hc hy tch ring tng kim loi ra khi hn hp gm Mg, Al, Fe, Cu.

4/ C 5 cht rn: BaCl2 ,Na2SO4 ,CaCO3 ,Na2CO3 ,CaSO4.2H2O ng trong nm l ring bit. Hy t chn 02 cht dng lm thuc th nhn bit cc cht rn ng trong mi l.

Cu II (4,0 im)1/ Vit cng thc cu to cc ng phn ng vi cng thc phn t: C2H4O2, C3H8O, C5H10.

2/ Cht A c cng thc phn t C4H6. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A, B, C, D v hon thnh phng trnh ho hc biu din cc phn ng theo s .

ABCDACao su

3/ Hn hp kh gm CO ,CO2 ,C2H4 v C2H2.Trnh by phng php dng tch tng cht kh ra khi hn hp.

Cu III (5,0 im)

Khi thm t t v khuy u 0,8 lit dd HCl 0,5 M vo dd cha 35g hn hp A gm 2 mui Na2CO3 v K2CO3 th c 2,24 lit kh CO2 thot ra ( ktc) v dd D. Thm dd Ca(OH)2 c d vo dd D thu c kt ta B.

a/ Tnh khi lng mi mui trong hn hp A v khi lng kt ta B.

b/ Thm m (g) NaHCO3 vo hn hp A c hn hp A/. Tin hnh th nghim tng t nh trn, th tch dd HCl 0,5M thm vo vn l 0,8 lit, dd thu c l dd D/. Khi thm Ca(OH)2 d vo dd D/ c kt ta B/ nng 30 g. Tnh V (lit) kh CO2 thot ra ( ktc) v m (g).

Cu IV (5,0 im)

C 2 dung dch axit hu c, no n chc A, B. Trn 1 lt A vi 3 lt B ta c 4 lt dung dch D. trung ho 10 ml dung dch D cn 7,5 ml dung dch NaOH v to ra 1,335 gam mui. Ngc li trn 3 lt A vi 1 lt B ta c 4 lt E. trung ho 10 ml dung dch E cn 12,5 ml dung dch NaOH trn v to ra c 2,085 gam mui.

a/ Xc nh CTPT ca cc axit A, B. Bit rng s nguyn t cacbon trong mi phn t axit nh hn 5.

b/ Tnh nng mol ca dung dch NaOH.

.............................................................Ht...................................................................

Cho: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23, K = 39, Cl = 35,5, Ca = 40.

s 11:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I (1,5 im)

Nu hin tng xy ra khi .

1/ Nhng thanh kim loa Mg vo dd CuSO4.

2/ Nhng thanh kim loa Ag vo dd CuCl2.

3/ Nhng mt mu kim loi K vo dd CuCl2.

4/ Cho t t dd HCl cho n d vo dd hn hp gm Na2CO3 v NaHCO3.

Cu II (2,0 im)

Hy dng mt cht phn bit cc dd ring bit sau: NH4Cl, NaNO3, MgCl2, FeCl2, FeCl3, AgNO3, AlCl3.

Cu III (3,0 im)

1/ Nu phng php lm sch kh O2 c ln kh CO2 v SO2.

2/ Trnh by phng php iu ch: FeCl2, H2SiO3, BaSO4 t hn hp BaCO3, FeO, SiO2.

Cu IV (2,0 im)

Nung nng Cu trong khng kh c cht rn A. Cho A tan trong dd H2SO4 c nng, d c dd B, kh C. Cho kh C tc dng vi dd KOH c dd D. Dung dch D va tc dng vi BaCl2 va tc dng vi NaOH. Pha long B cho tc dng vi NaOH d thy xut hin kt ta E. Nung E n khi lng khng i c cht rn F, cho mt dng kh hir d i qua F c cht rn mu . Xc nh A, B, C, D, E, F v vit cc PTHH xy ra.

Cu V (3,0 im) Dung dch A l dd H2SO4, dung dch B l dd NaOH. Trn A v B theo t l VA:VB = 3:2 c dd X c cha A d, trung ho 1 lt dd X cn dng 40 gam dd KOH 28%. Trn A v B theo t l th tch VA:VB = 2:3 th thu c dd Y c cha B d, trung ho 1 lt dd Y cn dng 29,2 gam dd HCl 25%. Tnh nng mol/lit ca A v B.

Cu VI (4,5 im)

Ho tan 5,94g hn hp 2 mui clorua ca 2 kim loi A v B (A, B l 2 kim loi thuc phn nhm chnh nhm II) vo nc, c 100ml dung dch X. Ngi ta cho dung dch X tc dng va vi dung dch AgNO3 th thu c 17,22g kt ta. Lc kt ta thu c dung dch Y c th tch l 200ml. C cn dung dch Y thu c m(g) hn hp mui khan.

a/ Tnh m?

b/ Xc nh CTHH ca 2 mui clorua. Bit t l KLNT A so vi B l 5:3 v trong mui ban u c t l s phn t A i vi s phn t mui B l 1:3.

c/ Tnh nng mol/l ca cc mui trong dung dch X.

Cu VII (4,0 im)

A l hn hp gm ru Etylic v 2 axit hu c k tip nhau c dng CnH2n+1COOH v Cn+1H2n+3COOH. Cho 1/2 hn hp A tc dng ht vi Na thot ra 3,92 lt H2 (ktc). t 1/2 hn hp A chy hon ton, sn phm chy c hp th ht vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d th c 147,75g kt ta v khi lng bnh Ba(OH)2 tng 50,1 g.

a, Tm cng thc 2 axit trn.

b, Tm thnh phn hn hp A.

.............................................................Ht...................................................................

Cho: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23, S = 32, Cl = 35,5, K = 39, N = 14, Fe = 56, Ag = 108, Ba =137.

s 12:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I. (6,0 im)

1/ Nu hin tng xy ra v vit cc phng trnh phn ng.

a/ Khi cho Na vo dung dch MgCl2, NH4Cl.

b/ Cho Ba vo dung dch Na2CO3, Na2SO4.

2. a/ Ch dng thm mt ho cht, nu cch phn bit cc Oxit: K2O, Al2O3, CaO, MgO.

b/ Ch dng thm Cu v mt mui tu hy nhn bit cc ho cht b mt nhn trong cc l ng ring bit tng dung dch sau: HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, H3PO4.

3/ Tch ring tng kim loi sau y ra khi hn hp bt gm: Al, Fe, Cu.

4/ Xc nh cc cht A,B,C,D,E,F,M v hon thnh cc phng trnh ho hc theo s sau:

AC

+HCl( d d ) + F,kk,t0 DM + Fe,t0 + Cl2 ,t0 E D M.

+ Cl2 ,t0 + NaOH( dd ) B

Cu II. (5,0 im)

1/ Vit cng thc cu to cc ng phn ng vi cng thc phn t: C3H6O2 ,C3H8O ,C3H6 ,C5H102/ Cht A c cng thc phn t C2H6. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca cc cht B,C,D,E,F v hon thnh cc phng trnh ho hc theo s phn ng sau:

C2H6 BC D E F CH43/ t chy 1 lt hn hp gm 2 Hir cacbon th kh thu c 1,6 lt kh CO2 v 1,4 lt hi nc. Cc th tch o cng iu kin nhit v p sut. Xc nh 2 cht v thnh phn % v s mol ca mi cht trong hn hp.

4/ Bng phng php ho hc hy nu cch phn bit 4 cht kh sau: CH4 ,C2H2 , SO2 v CO2.

Cu III. (5,0 im)

Ho tan 8,48g hn hp gm Na2CO3 v MgO (thnh phn mi cht trong hn hp c th thay i t 0100%) vo mt lng dung dch H2SO4 long v d 25% (so vi lng axt cn ho tan) ta thu c mt lng kh B v mt dung dch C.

1/ Nu cho ton b kh B hp th ht vo 225 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,2M, ta thu c 3,94g kt ta. Hy tnh thnh phn, phn trm v khi lng cc cht trong hn hp A.

2/ Cho dung dch C phn ng vi 390 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,2M, ta thu c kt ta D.

a/ Tnh gi tr khi lng nh nht ca kt ta D v thnh phn % v khi lng ca hn hp A.

b/ Tnh gi tr khi lng ln nht ca kt ta D v thnh phn % v khi lng ca hn hp A.

Cu III. (4,0 im)

trung ho 14,8 gam 2 axit hu c no, n chc cn dng 400ml dung dch NaOH nng 0,5M.a/ Tnh s mol mi axit trong hn hp, bit rng s mol ca 2 axit bng nhau.

b/ Nu em c cn dung dch trung ho th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?

c/ Xc nh CTPT ca 2 axit ni trn.

.............................................................Ht...................................................................

Cho: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Mg = 24, S = 32, Cl = 35,5, Ca = 40, Cu = 64, Fe = 56, Na = 23, Ba =137.

s 13:

Mn thi: Ho Hc

Thi gian: 150 pht

Cu I (5,0 im)

1/ Nu hin tng xy ra v vit phng trnh phn ng gii thch khi cho Ca vo:

a/ Dung dch NaOH

b/ Dung dch MgCl22/ Trnh by cch tch cc cht Al2O3, Fe2O3, SiO2 ra khi hn hp bt ca chng.

3. a/ C 5 mu kim loi Ba; Mg; Fe; Al; Ag. Nu ch dng dung dch H2SO4 long c th nhn bit c nhng kim loi no? Vit cc phng trnh phn ng.

b/ Hy nhn bit mi dung dch ng trong 5 l ring bit sau: HNO3; Ca(OH)2; NaOH; HCl; NH34/ Xc nh B, C, D, E, M, X, Z. Gii thch v hon thnh cc phng trnh ho hc th hin theo s bin ho sau:

B

+ HCl + X + Z

M D t0 E pnc M.

+ Z

+ NaOH + Y + Z

C

Cu II (5,0 im)1/ Vit cng thc cu to cc ng phn ng vi cng thc phn t : C2H4O2; C4H10O; C4H8.

2/ A l thnh phn chnh ca kh bn ao, E l ru Etylic, G v H l cc polime. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H v hon thnh cc phng trnh ho hc th hin theo s bin ho sau (ghi r cc iu kin nu c).

C + Y F (TH:t0,p,xt) G

+ X, (t0,xt) (xt) (t0,xt)

A B E

+Y, (t0,xt) + X (t0,xt)

D (t0,xt)C (TH:t0,p,xt) H

3/ Mt cacbua hir c th cng hp vi mt hoc hai phn t clo khi to ra i clo hoc tetra clorua hir cacbon tng ng c t l khi lng gia tetra v i clorua hir cacbon l 1,568/1. Hy cho bit cng thc phn t ca cacbua hir v vit tt c cc ng phn ng vi cng thc phn t .

4/ C 4 l mt nhn cha ring bit cc kh CO2 ,CH4 ,C2H4 v C2H2. Bng phng php ho hc hy nhn bit cc nm trong mi l. Vit phng trnh ho hc minh ho (nu c)

Cu III (5,0 im) Ho tan ht 4,52g hn hp 2 mui cacbonat ca 2 kim loi A v B k tip nhau trong phn nhm chnh nhm II bng dung dch HCl 0,5M. Sau phn ng thu c dung dch C v 1,12 lt kh CO2 (o ktc).

1/ Xc nh tn v k hiu hai nguyn t kim loi trn.

2/ Tnh tng khi lng ca mui to thnh trong dung dch C.

3/ Ton b lng kh CO2 thu c trn c hp th hon ton bi 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2.Tnh nng mol/lt ca dung dch Ba(OH)2 :

a/ Thu c 1,97g kt ta.

b/ Thu c lng kt ta nh nht v ln nht.

Cu IV (5,0 im) Trn m1 gam mt ru n chc v m2 gam mt axit n chc ri chia hn hp thnh 3 phn bng nhau.

Cho phn 1 tc dng ht vi Na thy thot ra 3,36 lt H2 ( ktc)

t chy hon ton phn 2 thu c 39,6 gam CO2.

un nng phn 3 vi H2SO4 c th thu c 10,2 gam este. Hiu sut phn ng este ho l 100%. t chy 5,1 gam este th thu c 11 gam CO2 v 4,5 gam H2O.

a/ Xc nh cng thc phn t ca ru v axit

b/ Tnh m1 v m2.

s 14:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I ( 6,0 im )

1/ Gii thch hin tng v vit phng trnh phn ng minh ho khi cho.

a/ T t n d dung dch NaOH vo dung dch AlCl3

b/ T t dng kh CO2 n d vo cc ng dung dch Ca(OH)2c/ T t n d dung dch HCl vo dung dch NaAlO2

d/ T t n d dung dch AgNO3 vo ng nghim ng bt Fe

2/ C 6 l ho cht b bong mt nhn ng ring bit 6 dung dch khng mu sau y: Na2CO3, NH4Cl, MgCl2, AlCl3, FeSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3. Bng phng php ho hc ch dng mt thuc th lm th no nhn bit c l no ng dung dch g?

3/ Cho hn hp mui KCl, MgCl2, BaSO4, BaCO3. Hy nu cch tch ring tng mui ra khi hn hp.

4/ Hon thnh cc PTHH theo s bin ho sau:

FeFeCl2 FeCl3 Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3 Fe2(SO4)3 Fe(NO3)3 7 13 14 15

Fe(OH)2 FeO Fe FeCl3 FeCl2 Fe(NO3)2Cu II (4,0 im)

1/ Trnh by phng php ho hc phn bit cc cht sau y cha trong cc l mt nhn: ru etylic, axt axtic, dung dch glucz v benzen.

2/ T kh thin nhin, cc cht v c v iu kin cn thit vit cc phng trnh phn ng iu ch axtilen, ru etylic, axit axtic, poli vinyl clorua (PVC), cao su buna.


4/ Bng phng php ho hc hy tch ring CO2 v C2H6 ra khi hn hp kh CO2, C2H2, C2H4 v C2H6.

Cu III (5,0 im)

Ha tan 1,97g hn hp Zn, Mg, Fe trong 1 lng va dung dch HCl thu c 1,008l kh ktc v dung dch A. Chia A thnh 2 phn khng bng nhau.

Phn 1 cho kt ta hon ton vi 1 lng va dung dch xt, cn 300ml dd NaOH 0,06M. un nng trong khng kh, lc kt ta v nung n khi lng khng i thu c 0,562g cht rn.

Phn 2 cho phn ng vi NaOH d ri tin hnh ging nh phn 1 th thu c cht rn c khi lng a (g). Tnh khi lng tng kim loi trong hn hp v gi tr ca a.

Cu IV (5,0 im) Mt hn hp gm 2 ankan c khi lng l 10,2 gam. t chy hon ton hn hp ankan ny cn dng 25,8 lt O2 (ktc).

a/ Tm tng s mol ca 2 ankan.

b/ Tm khi lng CO2 v H2O to thnh.

c/ Tm cng thc phn t ca ankan bit rng phn t khi mi ankan khng qu 60.

d/ Tnh khi lng ca mi ankan trong hn hp.

.............................................................Ht...................................................................

Cho: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Mg = 24, Cl = 35,5 , Zn = 65, Fe = 56, Na = 23.

s 15:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I (6,0 im) 1/ Cho BaO vo dung dch H2SO4 long, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c kt ta A v dung dch B. Cho nhm d vo dung dch B thu c kh E v dung dch D. Ly dung dch D cho tc dng vi dung dch Na2CO3 thu c kt ta F. Xc nh cc cht A, B, C, D, F. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.

2/ Hon thnh dy bin ho sau (ghi r iu kin nu c)

FeSO4 (2) Fe(OH)2 (3) Fe2O3 (4) Fe

(1)

Fe (7) (8) (9) (10)

(5)

Fe2(SO4)3 (6) Fe(OH)3 Fe3O43/ c 4 l mt nhn ng 4 dung dch: BaCl2, FeCl3, MgCl2 v AlCl3. Bng phng php ho hc hy phn bit cc dung dch trong cc l trn v vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.

4/ Trnh by phng php tch: K, Ba, Al t hn hp bt gm K2O, BaO, Al2O3 sao cho khi lng tng kim loi khng thay i.

Cu II (5,0 im) 1/ C 3 hp cht hu c c cng thc phn t nh sau: CH2O2, C2H4O2, C3H6O2. Hy vit cng thc cu to c th c ng vi 3 cng thc phn t trn.

2/ Hon thnh s bin ho sau (ghi r iu kin nu c)

B C Cao su buna

( 2 )

CaC2 ( 1 ) A

( 5 )

D Ru etylic E F G

Bit G (thnh phn chnh ca kh bn ao)

3/ Bng phng php ho hc hy phn bit cc dung dch ng trong cc l mt nhn cha ring bit cc dung dch: CH3COOH, HCOOH, C2H5OH, C6H6.

4/ Hy xc nh cng thc cu to c th c ca cc hp cht hu c ng vi cng thc tng qut: CXHYOZ khi x 2. Bit rng cc hp cht u tc dng c vi kali v khng phi l

hp cht a chc.

5/ Cho mt hir cacbon A, t chy hon ton 1 mol A cn 6 mol oxi. Xc nh cng thc phn t, vit cng thc cu to v gi tn A. Bit A th kh .

Cu III (5,0 im) Ho tan hon ton 3,18g hn hp gm Mg, Al, Fe bng mt lng va dung dch HCl thu c 2,24 lt kh ( ktc) v dung dch A. Chia dung dch A lm 2 phn.

Phn 1: Cho tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M th thu c lng kt ta ln nht. Lc ly kt ta em nung trong khng kh nhit cao n khi lng khng i thu c 1,255g cht rn.

Phn 2: Cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d ri tin hnh th nghim nh phn 1 th thu c b gam cht rn. Tnh khi lng tng kim loi trong hn hp v tnh b? (gi s cc phn ng xy ra hon ton)

Cu IV (4,0 im) Hn hp X gm mt axt no, n chc ,mch h A v mt ru no, n chc, mch h B c phn t khi bng nhau. Chia m gam X thnh 2 phn bng nhau.

t chy ht phn 1 ri cho ton b sn phm chy hp th hon ton vo 44 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M. Thu c 7,88g kt ta.

Cho phn 2 tc dng ht vi Na thu dc 168 ml kh H2 ( ktc)

1/ Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.

2/ Tm cng thc phn t ca A, B. Vit cc ng phn ca A, B v gi tn.

3/ Tnh m?

(Cho: H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; Mg = 24; Fe = 56; Ba = 137)

s 16:


Cu I (6,0 im)

1/ Nhit phn mt lng MgCO3 trong mt thi gian, c cht rn A v kh B. Cho kh B hp th hon ton vo dung dch NaOH thu c dung dch C. Dung dch C c kh nng tc dng c vi BaCl2 v KOH.Cho A tc dng vi dung dch HCl d li thu c kh B v mt lng dung dch D. C cn dung dch D c mui khan E. in phn nng chy E c kim loi M.

Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra trong th nghim trn v xc nh cc cht A, B, C, D, E, M.

2/

a, Ch c nc v kh CO2 hy phn bit 5 cht bt trng sau y: NaCl, Na2CO3, Na2SO4, BaCO3, BaSO4.

b, Khng c dng thm mt ho cht no khc, hy nhn bit 5 l b mt nhn sau y: NaHCO3, KHSO4, K2CO3, Mg(HCO3)2, Ba(HCO3)2.

3/ Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng theo s bin ho sau (ghi r iu kin nu c)

BaCO3

( 2 ) ( 3 )

Ba ( 1 ) Ba(OH)2 ( 8 ) ( 9 ) BaCl2 ( 6 ) BaCO3 ( 7 ) BaO

( 4 ) ( 5 )

Ba(HCO3)2

4/ Bng phng php ho hc hy tch ring tng kim loi ra khi hn hp gm: Ag, Au, Al.

Cu II (5,0 im) 1/ Vit cc cng thc cu to thu gn ca cc ng phn c cng cng thc phn t ca cc hp cht hu c sau: C4H8, C4H10O, C3H6O2.

2/ Hn hp X gm mt ankan v mt ankin c t l phn t khi tng ng l 22:13. t chy hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp X, thu c 22g CO2 v 9g H2O. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca ankan v ankin trn.

3/ Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng theo s bin ho sau (ghi r iu kin nu c)

DE

men gim Xt : CaO, T

+O2

CO2 AB CH4 F

+ HO XT

XT, T Crcking,T

C4H6 C4H10Xc nh cc cht A, B, D, E, F trong mi phng trnh.

4/ Hy nhn bit cc l mt nhn ng cc cht lng: CH3COOH, HCl, C2H5OH, NaOH v C6H6 bng phng php ho hc.

Cu III (4,0 im) Cho hn hp cha 0,2 mol Cu v 0,1 mol Fe3O4 vo 400 ml dung dch HCl 2M. Sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c dung dch A v cn li a gam cht rn B khng tan. Cho dung dch A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d ri un nng trong khng kh. Cho cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Lc ly kt ta, nung n khi lng khng i thu c b gam cht rn C.

Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra v tnh gi tr a v b.

Cu IV (5,0 im) Cho hn hp A gm 2 cht hu c no n chc cha cc nguyn t C, H, O. Tc dng va vi 40 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, thu c mt mui v mt ru. un nng ru (va thu c) vi H2SO4 c 1700 C th to ra c 336 ml mt hir cacbon ( ktc). Nu t chy hon ton lng A nh trn ri cho sn phm hp th ht vo bnh ng CaO th thy khi lng bnh tng thm 6,82g. Tm cng thc cu to ca 2 hp cht trong A v tnh % v s mol ca 2 cht c trong A.

Bit: Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton v hn hp A gm mt ru + mt este cng gc ru hoc mt axt + mt este cng gc axt.

s 17:

Mn thi: Ho Hc


Cu I (5,0 im)

1/ Vit cng thc ca cc axt hoc baz tng ng vi cc oxt axit v oxt baz trong s cc oxt sau: CaO, SO2, CO, Fe2O3, Mn2O7, Cl2O, NO, R2On (R l kim loi).

2/ Vit cc phng trnh ho hc theo s chuyn ho sau.

FeS2 + O2 A B C A D E

3/ Vit cc phng trnh ho hc theo s phn ng sau .

CO2 Tinh bt Glucz Ru etylic.

Gi tn cc phn ng (1), (2), (3)

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Tuyen Tap 30 de Thi HSG Hoa 9