Unit 1- Elements and Compounds Lesson 1- What Are Atoms and
Elements? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U y0m7jnyv6U
Slide 2
California State Standards: 1) Elements and their combinations
account for all the matter in the world. As a basis for
understanding this concept: 1.b) Students know all matter is made
of atoms, which may combine to form molecules. 1.d) Students know
that each element is made of one kind of atom and that the elements
are organized in the periodic table by their chemical properties.
1.f) Students know differences in chemical and physical properties
of substances are used to separate mixtures and identify
compounds
Slide 3
Disneyland, California Some theme parks in California have
fireworks displays. Fireworks are very colorful because they
contain different elements. Each element burns with a different
color. The element strontium burns with a red color. Calcium burns
orange, and sodium produces a yellow color.
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Language of the Discipline Atom- the smallest unit of an
element that has the properties of that element.
Slide 5
Language of the Discipline Element- a substance made of only
one kind of atom.
Slide 6
Language of the Discipline Periodic Table- shows the elements
arranged by their atomic numbers.
Slide 7
Language of the Discipline
Slide 8
Compound- a substance made of two or more different
elements.
Slide 9
Language of the Discipline Molecule- a group of two or more
atoms that are joined.
Slide 10
Language of the Discipline Physical property- a trait- such as
a color, shape, or hardness, that describes a substance by
itself.
Slide 11
Language of the Discipline Mixture- a combination of two or
more different substances.
Slide 12
Atoms and Elements Big Idea- All matter is made up of
atoms.
Slide 13
Atoms and Elements Centuries ago, Greek thinkers wondered about
the smallest unit of matter, which they called an atom. An atom is
the smallest unit of an element. It consists of smaller particles
known as protons (+), neutrons, and electrons (-)
Slide 14
Atoms and Elements In an atom, all the protons, neutrons, and
electrons are alike.
Slide 15
Atoms and Elements When these particles combine, an element is
formed. An element is the simplest form of matter because it
contains only one type of atom. Examples: Carbon, Oxygen, Iron,
Hydrogen
Slide 16
Atoms and Elements The relationship between atoms and elements
can be compared to a building.
Slide 17
Atoms and Elements The relationship between atoms and elements
can be compared to a building. - Atoms = bricks -Elements =
building
Slide 18
Atoms and Elements Each type of atom has the properties of a
certain element. Carbon atoms have the properties of carbon. Gold
atoms have the properties of gold.
Slide 19
Atoms and Elements Elements are given names based on the
combination of the protons, neutrons, and electrons. The number of
protons an atom has determines the element. This is known as the
elements atomic number.
Slide 20
Atoms and Elements An element name can be written in a short
form with one to three letters that stand for that element. The
symbol is the first few letters of the name. For others, such as
iron (Fe), the symbol comes from the original Latin or Greek name
for the element
Slide 21
Atoms and Elements The early Greeks thought there were four
elements- earth, air, water, and fire. Today, we know there are
more than 100 elements. They combine to form millions of
substances. Only a slight few exist in their pure form in
nature.
Slide 22
Show What You Know Describe what an atom is and what it
consists of.
Slide 23
Show What You Know Describe what an atom is and what it
consists of. An atom is the smallest unit of an element that has
the properties of that element that contains protons, neutrons, and
electrons.
Slide 24
Show What You Know What is an element? Provide a few examples
of different elements.
Slide 25
Show What You Know What is an element? Provide a few examples
of different elements. An element is a substance made of only one
kind of atom. A few examples are Carbon, Hydrogen, and Iron.
Slide 26
Show What You Know What is the relationship between atoms and
elements?
Slide 27
Show What You Know What is the relationship between atoms and
elements? Atoms are the building blocks to the different types of
elements.
Slide 28
Show What You Know How do you determine the element? A) The
number of electrons B) The number of protons C) The number of
electrons D) None of the above.
Slide 29
Show What You Know How do you determine the element? A) The
number of electrons B) The number of protons C) The number of
electrons D) None of the above.
Slide 30
Summary Time! Write a summary about what you learned today. Be
sure to: Use complete sentences Use proper punctuation Answer in
paragraph form
Slide 31
The Periodic Table
Slide 32
Big Idea: The periodic table is used to organize and categorize
elements based on their chemical properties.
Slide 33
The Periodic Table As we learned earlier, Elements are the
building blocks of matter.
Slide 34
The Periodic Table As we learned earlier, Elements are the
building blocks of matter. They combine to form millions of
substances.
Slide 35
The Periodic Table As we learned earlier, Elements are the
building blocks of matter. They combine to form millions of
substances. Everything in the world is made from combinations of
the same element.
Slide 36
The Periodic Table Atoms of each element have a certain number
of protons. For example: Each hydrogen atom has only one proton.
Each iron atoms has 26 protons. The number of protons is the
elements atomic number.
Slide 37
The Periodic Table The elements are arranged in order of the
atomic number on a chart called the periodic table. periodic means
repeating in a pattern. Atomic numbers increase as you move across
a row and down a column. You would read the periodic table like a
book, from left to right.
Slide 38
The Periodic Table Each element has its own box that includes
the atomic number, the name, and the symbol. ELEMENTS NAME ATOMIC
NUMBER SYMBOL
Slide 39
The Periodic Table Which element has 12 protons? What is the
atomic number for copper (Cu)?
Slide 40
The Periodic Table The periodic table tells us a lot about each
element.
Slide 41
The Periodic Table The periodic table tells us a lot about each
element. The left side of the table are metals. The right side of
the table are non-metals. Many of these are gases.
Slide 42
The Periodic Table The elements in each column of the table
have similar chemical properties. Example: the elements in the
column 1 are soft metals that can be cut by a knife. Because of
these similarities, scientists can predict what the elements will
be like.
Slide 43
Show What You Know In your own words, describe the periodic
table.
Slide 44
Show What You Know In your own words, describe the periodic
table. Answers will vary but the main idea is that the elements are
arranged on the table based on their chemical properties.
Slide 45
Show What You Know How are the elements arranged on the
periodic table?
Slide 46
Show What You Know How are the elements arranged on the
periodic table? The elements are arranged on the periodic table
based on their atomic number.
Slide 47
Show What You Know What are some ways you can locate an element
on the periodic table?
Slide 48
Show What You Know What are some ways you can locate an element
on the periodic table? You could locate an element on the periodic
table based on its atomic number, chemical properties, or based on
whether the element is a metal, non-metal, or gas.
Slide 49
Summary Time Write a summary about what you learned today. Be
sure to: Use complete sentences Use proper punctuation Answer in
paragraph form
Slide 50
Molecules and Compounds
Slide 51
Big Idea Pure substances are made of molecules and
compounds.
Slide 52
Molecules and Compounds As we previously learned, elements are
rarely found in their pure form in nature.
Slide 53
Molecules and Compounds As we previously learned, elements are
rarely found in their pure form in nature. Most are found in
compounds- a combination of two or more elements that has been
combined chemically.
Slide 54
Molecules and Compounds As we previously learned, elements are
rarely found in their pure form in nature. Most are found in
compounds- a combination of two or more elements that has been
combined chemically. Two elements combine to make one
substance.
Slide 55
Molecules and Compounds Think of compounds like compound words.
A compound word is made up of two words that make up a new word.
Like a compound word, compounds are two elements that combine to
make a new substance.
Slide 56
Molecules and Compounds Different compounds have different
formulas. Example: Water = H 2 0 Table Salt = NaCl
Slide 57
Molecules and Compounds The same atoms can combine to form
different compounds. Example: Carbon and Hydrogen CH 4 = MethaneC 3
H 8 = Propane
Slide 58
Molecules and Compounds Gases can also combine to form
compounds. Hydrogen and oxygen are both gases. When they combine,
nothing happens unless heat is added.
Slide 59
Molecules and Compounds Pure substances include compounds and
molecules. A molecule is a group of two or more atoms that are
joined. The numbers after the element's symbol tell how many atoms
are in a single molecule. Example: CH 4
Slide 60
Molecules and Compounds An example of a molecule is a water
molecule.
Slide 61
Show What You Know In your own words, explain what a compound
is.
Slide 62
Show What You Know In your own words, explain what a compound
is. Answers may vary but the main idea is that compounds are a
combination of two or more elements.
Slide 63
Show What You Know In your own words, explain what a molecule
is.
Slide 64
Show What You Know In your own words, explain what a molecule
is. Answers may vary, but the main idea is that molecules are the
combination of two or more atoms.
Slide 65
Show What You Know What causes two gases to combine?
Slide 66
Show What You Know What causes two gases to combine? Heat
causes two gases to combine.
Slide 67
Summary Time Write a summary about what you learned today. Be
sure to: Use complete sentences Use proper punctuation Answer in
paragraph form
Slide 68
Physical Properties Big Idea Physical properties are used to
describe a particular object or substance.
Slide 69
Physical Properties Look around the room and chose one object.
Observe this object for about a minute or so. How would you
describe the physical features of that object?
Slide 70
Physical Properties When we observe objects, we use our five
senses. Example: A clock Round shape Hard glass cover Black numbers
Moving small and big hands Constantly moving second hand
Slide 71
Physical Properties When describing an object, we describe the
physical properties of that object. Physical properties are traits
that describe a substance by itself.
Slide 72
Physical Properties When describing an object, we describe the
physical properties of that object. Physical properties are traits
that describes a substance by itself. Some physical properties
cannot be observed directly. Example: temperature and mass
Slide 73
Physical Properties The physical properties of a substance can
change. This is known as a physical change.
Slide 74
Physical Properties The physical properties of a substance can
change. This is known as a physical change. Example: water
Slide 75
Physical Properties The physical properties of a substance can
change. This is known as a physical change. Example: water Solid
Liquid Gas
Slide 76
Physical Properties Even though the form changes, the substance
does not. The substance in all three pictures are water, just in
different forms.
Slide 77
Physical Properties Another physical property is solubility,
the ability to dissolve.
Slide 78
Physical Properties Another physical property is solubility,
the ability to dissolve. Sugar can dissolve in water; sand cannot.
The terms dissolve and mix are clues a physical change has
occurred.
Slide 79
Physical Properties Another physical property is solubility,
which is the ability to dissolve. Sugar can dissolve in water; sand
cannot. The terms dissolve and mix are clues a physical change has
occurred. Mixtures are combinations of two or more substances that
can be separated.
Slide 80
Show What You Know In your own words, describe a physical
property.
Slide 81
Show What You Know In your own words, describe physical
properties. Answers may vary but the main idea is that a physical
properties are traits that describe a substance or object.
Slide 82
Show What You Know Explain some physical properties and give
examples.
Slide 83
Show What You Know Explain some physical properties and give
examples. Sight: The clock looks round Touch: The desks are hard
Taste: The coffee is sweet
Slide 84
Show What You Know What are physical properties that cannot be
observed?
Slide 85
Show What You Know What are physical properties that cannot be
observed? Temperature and mass cannot be observed.
Slide 86
Show What You Know Does the physical properties of a substance
always stay the same? Give an example to defend your answer.
Slide 87
Show What You Know Does the physical properties of a substance
always stay the same? Give an example to defend your answer. No,
physical properties of a substance do not always stay the same.
This is known as a physical change. An example would be water.
Slide 88
Show What You Know Describe the term solubility. How does this
relate to physical properties?
Slide 89
Show You What Know Describe the term solubility. How does this
relate to physical properties? Solubility is the ability to
dissolve. This property describes different substances.
Slide 90
Summary Time Write a summary about what you learned today. Be
sure to: Use complete sentences Use proper punctuation Answer in
paragraph form
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