UNO R3 Practise Kit 1

7/29/2019 UNO R3 Practise Kit 1

1/56

SainSmart UNO R3

www.sainsmart.com

www.sainsmart.com/vanilla

Practice Kit


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Copyright 2013 SainSmart All Rights Reserved

Chapter 1 PWM control light brightness

Pulse Width Modulation, or PWM, is a technique for getting analog results with digital means. Digital control is used to create a

square wave, a signal switched between on and off. This on-off pattern can simulate voltages in between full on (5 Volts) and off

(0 Volts) by changing the portion of the time the signal spends on versus the time that the signal spends off. The duration of "on

time" is called the pulse width. To get varying analog values, you change, or modulate, that pulse width. If you repeat this on-off

pattern fast enough with an LED for example, the result is as if the signal is a steady voltage between 0 and 5v controlling the

brightness of the LED.

In the graphic below, the green lines represent a regular time period. This duration or period is the inverse of the PWM

frequency. In other words, with Arduino's PWM frequency at about 500Hz, the green lines would measure 2 milliseconds each.

A call to analogWrite() is on a scale of 0 - 255, such that analogWrite(255) requests a 100% duty cycle (always on), and

analogWrite(127) is a 50% duty cycle (on half the time) for example.

PWM is used in many places, dimmer lighting, motor speed, sound production and so on.

Here are some of the PWM three basic parameters:

1, the pulse width variation (min / max)

2, the pulse period (the reciprocal of the number of frequencies within 1 second pulse)

3, the voltage height (e.g.: 0V-5V)

The 6 PWM interface of SainSmart UNO R3 controller is a digital interface 3,5,6,9,10,11, we have to complete a potentiometer

control lamp experiment.


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Experiment component

Potentiometer :1;

Red M5 LED : 1;

220 Resistance : 1;

Bread board : 1;

Jumper wires.

Potentiometer is the analog value input we received analog port lights connected to the PWM interface, which can produce

different PWM signal lamp brightness change.

Connect your circuit as the below diagram


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Example code:

int potpin=0;//define analog interface 0;

int ledpin=11;//define digital interface 11(PWM output)

int val=0;// temporary values of the variables from the sensor

void setup()

{

pinMode(ledpin,OUTPUT);// define digital interface 11 output

Serial.begin(9600);//set baud rate is 9600

//Note: The analog interface is automatically set to enter

}

void loop()

{

val=analogRead(potpin);// Read the analog value of the sensor and assigned to the val

Serial.println(val);//Show val variable

analogWrite(ledpin,val/4);// turn on the LED and set the brightness (PWM output maximum 255)

delay(10);//delay 0.01s

}


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Chapter 2 Advertising lights


Red M5 LED : 6;

220 Resistance : 6;

SainSmart Prototype shield : 1;

Jumper wires.


Example code:

int BASE = 1 ; //the I/O of 1st

LED

int NUM = 6; //amount of LED

void setup()

{

for (int i = BASE; i < BASE + NUM; i ++)

{

pinMode(i, OUTPUT); //set digital I/O output

}

}

void loop()

{


{

digitalWrite(i, LOW); //set digital I/O low, that gradually turn off the lights

delay(200); //delay

}


{


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digitalWrite(i, HIGH); // set digital I/O low high, that gradually turn on the lights

delay(200); //delay

}

}


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Chapter 3 Traffic lights


Red M5 LED : 1;

Yellow M5 LED : 1;

Green M5 LED : 1

220 Resistance : 3;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.



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Example code:

int redled =10; //define digital pin10

int yellowled =7; //define digital pin7

int greenled =4; //define digital pin4

void setup()

{

pinMode(redled, OUTPUT);//define red LED output

pinMode(yellowled, OUTPUT); //define yellow LED output

pinMode(greenled, OUTPUT); //define green LED output

}

void loop()

{

digitalWrite(redled, HIGH);//lights up red LED

delay(1000);//delay 1s

digitalWrite(redled, LOW); //light off red LED

digitalWrite(yellowled, HIGH);// lights up yellow LED


digitalWrite(yellowled, LOW);// light off yellow LED

digitalWrite(greenled, HIGH);// lights up red LED


digitalWrite(greenled, LOW);// light off green LED

}


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Chapter 4 Pushbutton control lights


Red M5 LED : 1;

Pushbutton : 1

220 Resistance : 1;

10k Resistance : 1;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.



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Example code:

int ledpin=11;//define pin11

int inpin=7;//define pin7

int val;//define variable val

void setup()

{

pinMode(ledpin,OUTPUT);//define LED pin output

pinMode(inpin,INPUT);//define pushbutton pin input

}

void loop()

{

val=digitalRead(inpin);// read the level value of pin7 andassigned it to val;

if(val==LOW)//if the pushbutton was push down, light up LED;

{ digi talWrite(ledpin,LOW);}

else

{ digitalWrite(ledpin,HIGH);}

}}


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Chapter 5 Responder


Red M5 LED : 1;

Yellow M5 LED : 1;

Green M5 LED : 1;

Pushbutton : 3

220 Resistance : 3;

10k Resistance : 3;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.



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Example code:

int redled=10;

int yellowled=9;

int greenled=8;

int redpin=7;

int yellowpin=6;

int greenpin=5;

int red;

int yellow;

int green;

void setup()

{

pinMode(redled,OUTPUT);

pinMode(yellowled,OUTPUT);

pinMode(greenled,OUTPUT);

pinMode(redpin,INPUT);

pinMode(yellowpin,INPUT);

pinMode(greenpin,INPUT);

}


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void loop()

{

red=digitalRead(redpin);

if(red==LOW)

{ dig italWrite(redled,LOW);}

else

{ digitalWrite(redled,HIGH);}

yellow=digitalRead(yellowpin);

if(yellow==LOW)

{ digi talWrite(yellowled,LOW);}

else

{ digitalWrite(yellowled,HIGH);}

green=digitalRead(greenpin);

if(green==LOW)

{ digitalWrite(greenled,LOW);}

else

{ digitalWrite(greenled,HIGH);}

}


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Chapter 6 Buzzer


Buzzer : 1;

Pushbutton : 1

SainSmart Prototype Shield : 1;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.


Example code:

int buzzer=8;//set buzzer I/O pin number;

void setup()

{

pinMode(buzzer,OUTPUT);//set buzzer I/O pin mode output;

}

void loop()

{

unsigned char i,j;//define variable;

while(1)

{

for(i=0;i


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{

digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH);//vocalize

delay(2);//delay 2ms

digitalWrite(buzzer,LOW);//mute

delay(2);//delay 2ms

}

}

}


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Chapter 7 Light control sound


Buzzer : 1;

Photoresistor : 1

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.


Example code:

void setup()

{

pinMode(6,OUTPUT);

}

void loop()

{

while(1)

{

char i,j;

while(1)

{

for(i=0;i


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for(i=0;i


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Chapter 8 Photosensitive lights


Red M5 LED : 1;

Photoresistor : 1;

220 Resistance : 1;

10k Resistance : 1;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.



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Example code:

int potpin=0;//define analog pin0 connected with photoresistor;

int ledpin=11;//define digital pin11 output PWM adjust LED brightness;

int val=0;//define variable;

void setup()

{

pinMode(ledpin,OUTPUT);//define digital pin11 output;

Serial.begin(9600);// set baud rate is 9600

}

void loop()

{

val=analogRead(potpin);//read the sensor analog value and assigned it to val;

Serial.println(val);//show the value of val;

analogWrite(ledpin,val);// light the LED and set the brightness (PWM output maximum 255)

delay(10);//delay 0.01s

}


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Chapter 9 Flame sensor


Flame sensor : 1;

Buzzer : 1;

10 Resistance : 1;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.


Example code:

int flame=A5;//define flame sensor

int Beep=8;//define buzzer interface digital interface 7

int val=0;//define numeric variables

val void setup()

{ pinMode(Beep,OUTPUT);//defined LED output

pinMode(flame,INPUT);// define buzzer input

Serial.begin(9600);//set the baud rate to 9600 }

void loop() { val=analogRead(flame);//read flame sensor analog value

Serial.println(val);//output analog values, and print them out

if(val>=600)//buzzer sounds when the analog value is greater than 600

{ digitalWrite(Beep,HIGH); } else { digitalWrite(Beep,LOW); } }


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Chapter 10 Nixie Tube


8 Nixie Tube : 1;

220 Resistance : 1;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.



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Example code:

//digital IO pin setting controls paragraphs

int a=7;//define digital pin7 connected to nixie tube a segment

int b=6;// define digital pin6 connected to nixie tube b segment

int c=5;// define digital pin5 connected to nixie tube c segment

int d=11;// define digital pin11 connected to nixie tube d segment

int e=10;// define digital pin10 connected to nixie tube e segment

int f=8;// define digital pin8 connected to nixie tube f segment

int g=9;// define digital pin9 connected to nixie tube g segment

int dp=4;// define digital pin4 connected to nixie tube dp segment

void digital_1(void) //display 1

{

unsigned char j;

digitalWrite(c,HIGH);//To the digital pin5 high, lit segment c

digitalWrite(b,HIGH);// lit segment b

for(j=7;j


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digitalWrite(b,HIGH);

digitalWrite(f,HIGH);

digitalWrite(g,HIGH);

digitalWrite(dp,LOW);

digitalWrite(a,LOW);

digitalWrite(e,LOW);

digitalWrite(d,LOW);

}

void digital_5(void) //display 5

{

unsigned char j;

for(j=7;j


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void setup()

{

int i;//

for(i=4;i


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Chapter 11 4-bit Nixie Tube


4-bit Nixie Tube : 1;

220 Resistance : 5;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.



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Example code:

//set anode interface

int a = 1;

int b = 2;

int c = 3;

int d = 4;

int e = 5;

int f = 6;

int g = 7;

int p = 8;

//set cathode interface

int d4 = 9;

int d3 = 10;

int d2 = 11;

int d1 = 12;

// Set variables

long n = 0;

int x = 100;

int del = 55; // This number is fine-tuning of the clock

void setup()

{

pinMode(d1, OUTPUT);




pinMode(a, OUTPUT);


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pinMode(b, OUTPUT);

pinMode(c, OUTPUT);

pinMode(d, OUTPUT);

pinMode(e, OUTPUT);

pinMode(f, OUTPUT);

pinMode(g, OUTPUT);

pinMode(p, OUTPUT);

}

void loop()

{

clearLEDs();

pickDigit(1);

pickNumber((n/x/1000)%10);

delayMicroseconds(del);

clearLEDs();

pickDigit(2);



clearLEDs();

pickDigit(3);

dispDec(3);



clearLEDs();

pickDigit(4);

pickNumber(n/x%10);


n++;

if (digitalRead(13) == LOW)

{

n = 0;

}

}

void pickDigit(int x) //defing pickDigit(x), its role is turn on the dx port

{

digitalWrite(d1, HIGH);



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switch(x)

{

case 1:

digitalWrite(d1, LOW);

break;

case 2:


break;

case 3:


break;

default:


break;

}

}

void pickNumber(int x) //define pickNumber(x), Its role is to show digital x

{

switch(x)

{

default:

zero();

break;

case 1:

one();

break;

case 2:

two();

break;

case 3:

three();

break;

case 4:

four();

break;

case 5:

five();

break;

case 6:

six();


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break;

case 7:

seven();

break;

case 8:

eight();

break;

case 9:

nine();

break;

}

}

void dispDec(int x) // Set to open the decimal point

{

digitalWrite(p, LOW);

}

void clearLEDs() //clear the screen

{

digitalWrite(a, LOW);

digitalWrite(b, LOW);

digitalWrite(c, LOW);

digitalWrite(d, LOW);

digitalWrite(e, LOW);

digitalWrite(f, LOW);

digitalWrite(g, LOW);

digitalWrite(p, LOW);

}

void zero() // Define the number 0 cathode pin switch

{

digitalWrite(a, HIGH);

digitalWrite(b, HIGH);

digitalWrite(c, HIGH);

digitalWrite(d, HIGH);

digitalWrite(e, HIGH);

digitalWrite(f, HIGH);


}

void one()

{



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}

void two()

{



digitalWrite(c, LOW);




digitalWrite(g, HIGH);

}

void three()

{








}

void four()

{








}

void five()

{



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}

void six()

{








}

void seven()

{








}

void eight()

{








}

void nine()

{



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}


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Chapter 12 74HC595


74HC595 : 1;

Red M5 LED : 4;

Green M5 LED : 4;

220 Resistance : 8;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.



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Example code:

int data = 2;

int clock = 4;

int latch = 5;

int ledState = 0;

const int ON = HIGH;

const int OFF = LOW;

void setup()

{

pinMode(data, OUTPUT);

pinMode(clock, OUTPUT);

pinMode(latch, OUTPUT);

}

void loop()

{

int delayTime = 100;

for(int i = 0; i < 256; i++)

{

updateLEDs(i);

delay(delayTime);

}

}

void updateLEDs(int value)

{

digitalWrite(latch, LOW);

shiftOut(data, clock, MSBFIRST, value);

digitalWrite(latch, HIGH);

}

void updateLEDsLong(int value)

{

digitalWrite(latch, LOW);

for(int i = 0; i < 8; i++)

{

int bit = value & B10000000;

value = value


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B01000000, B10000000};

int masks[] ={B11111110, B11111101, B11111011, B11110111, B11101111, B11011111,

B10111111, B01111111};

void changeLED(int led, int state)

{

ledState = ledState & masks[led];

if(state == ON){ledState = ledState | bits[led];}

updateLEDs(ledState);

}


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Chapter 13 Servo Motor


RB-412 : 1;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.



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Example code:

int servopin=9;//Defines a digital interface 9 to connect the servo signal line

int myangle;//Define the angular variable

int pulsewidth;//Defined variable pulse width

int val;

void servopulse(int servopin,int myangle)//Defines a pulse function

{

pulsewidth=(myangle*11)+500;//Angle will be transformed into pulse width value of 500-2480

digitalWrite(servopin,HIGH);//The servo interface level to high

delayMicroseconds(pulsewidth);//delay the microseconds of the pulse width value

digitalWrite(servopin,LOW);//The servo interface level to low

delay(20-pulsewidth/1000);

}

void setup()

{

pinMode(servopin,OUTPUT);//Set servo interface for the output interface

Serial.begin(9600);//Connected to the serial port, baud rate is 9600

Serial.println("servo=o_seral_simple ready" ) ;

}

void loop()//0-9 numbers will translate into 0-180 a ngle and the corresponding number of times the LED blinks


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{

val=Serial.read();//Read the value of the serial port

if(val>'0'&&valServo, call servo function. Or you may also directly enter the #include, but

noticed that there are no space between #include and .

Servo myservo;//Define servo variable names

void setup()

{

myservo.attach(9);//Define servo interface (9, 10 can, shortcoming is only can control 2)

}

void loop()

{

myservo.write(90);//Set the steering gear rotating Angle

}


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Chapter 14 Infrared remote control


Infrared remote controller : 1;

Infrared : 1;

LED lamp : 6;

220 Resistance : 6;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.


Example code:

#include

int RECV_PIN = 11;

int LED1 = 2;

int LED2 = 3;

int LED3 = 4;

int LED4 = 5;

int LED5 = 6;

int LED6 = 7;

long on1 = 0x00FFA25D;

long off1 = 0x00FFE01F;

long on2 = 0x00FF629D;

long off2 = 0x00FFA857;

long on3 = 0x00FFE21D;

long off3 = 0x00FF906F;


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long on4 = 0x00FF22DD;

long off4 = 0x00FF6897;

long on5 = 0x00FF02FD;

long off5 = 0x00FF9867;

long on6 = 0x00FFC23D;

long off6 = 0x00FFB047;

IRrecv irrecv(RECV_PIN);

decode_results results;

// Dumps out the decode_results structure.

// Call this after IRrecv::decode()

// void * to work around compiler issue

//void dump(void *v) {

// decode_results *results = (decode_results *)v

void dump(decode_results *results) {

int count = results->rawlen;

if (results->decode_type == UNKNOWN)

{

Serial.println("Could not decode message");

}

else

{

if (results->decode_type == NEC)

{ Serial.print("Decoded NEC: ");

}

else if (results->decode_type == SONY)

{

Serial.print("Decoded SONY: ");

}

else if (results->decode_type == RC5)

{

Serial.print("Decoded RC5: ");

}

else if (results->decode_type == RC6)

{

Serial.print("Decoded RC6: ");

}

Serial.print(results->value, HEX);

Serial.print(" (");

Serial.print(results->bits, DEC);

Serial.println(" bits)");

}

Serial.print("Raw (");

Serial.print(count, DEC);

Serial.print("): ");


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for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)

{

if ((i % 2) == 1) {

Serial.print(results->rawbuf[i]*USECPERTICK, DEC);

}

else

{

Serial.print(-(int)results->rawbuf[i]*USECPERTICK, DEC);

}

Serial.print(" ");

}

Serial.println("");

}

void setup()

{

pinMode(RECV_PIN, INPUT);

pinMode(LED1, OUTPUT);






pinMode(13, OUTPUT);

Serial.begin(9600);

irrecv.enableIRIn(); // Start the receiver

}

int on = 0;

unsigned long last = millis();

void loop()

{

if (i rrecv.decode(&results))

{

// If it's been at least 1/4 second since the last

// IR received, toggle the relay

if (millis() - last > 250)

{

on = !on;

// digitalWrite(8, on ? HIGH : LOW);

digitalWrite(13, on ? HIGH : LOW);

dump(&results);

}

if (results.value == on1 )


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digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);

if (results.value == off1 )

digitalWrite(LED1, LOW);





















last = millis();

irrecv.resume(); // Receive the next value

}

}


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Chapter 15 1602LCD


Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.



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Example code:

// include the library code:

#include

// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins

LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);

void setup() {

// set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:

lcd.begin(16, 2);

// Print a message to the LCD.

lcd.print("hello, world!");

}

void loop() {

// set the cursor to column 0, line 1

// (note: line 1 is the second row, since counting begins with 0):

lcd.setCursor(0, 1);

// print the number of s econds since reset:

lcd.print(millis()/1000);

}


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Chapter 16 PS2 joystick


SainSmart JoyStick Module : 1;

1602LCD : 1;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.


Example code:

#include //Call comes Arduino library LiquidCrystal

LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);//Set the interface

int xpotPin = 0; //Set analog port 0 for the X signal input port

int ypotPin = 1; // Set analog port 1 for the y signal input port

int bpotPin = 2; //Set analog port 2 for the button signal input port

int xval=0; //Set variable

int yval=0;

int bval=0;

void setup()

{

lcd.begin(16, 2); //Initialize the LCD

delay(1000); //delay 1000ms

}

void loop ()

{


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xval = analogRead(xpotPin); //xval variable is from 0 to the value read from the signal port

yval = analogRead(ypotPin); // yval variable is from 1 to the value read from the signal port

bval = analogRead(bpotPin); //bval variable is from 2 to the value read from the signal port

lcd.clear(); //cls

lcd.setCursor(0, 0) ; //Set the cursor position to the first position of the first row

lcd.print("X="); //The screen display text X =

lcd.print(xval);

lcd.setCursor(7, 0) ; //Set the cursor position to the eighth position of the first row

lcd.print("Y="); //The screen display text Y =

lcd.print(yval);

if (bval


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Chapter 17 Stepper motor


SainSmart Stepper motor : 1;

SainSmart L293D Motor Drive Shield : 1;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.


Example code:

// MakeShields Motor shield library

// copyright MakeShields, 2010

// this code is public domain, enjoy!

#include

#include

// DC motor on M2

MS_DCMotor motor(2);

// DC hobby servo

Servo servo1;

// Stepper motor on M3+M4 48 steps per revolution

MS_Stepper stepper(48, 2);

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600); // set up Serial library at 9600 bps

Serial.println("Motor party!");


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// turn on servo

servo1.attach(9);

// turn on motor #2

motor.setSpeed(200);

motor.run(RELEASE);

}

int i;

// Test the DC motor, stepper and servo ALL AT ONCE!

void loop() {

motor.run(FORWARD);

for (i=0; i


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Chapter 18 RGB module


RGB module : 1;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.

Example code:

int ledPin = 13; // LED is connected to digital pin 13

int redPin = 11; // R petal on RGB LED module connected to digital pin 11

int greenPin = 9; // G petal on RGB LED module connected to digital pin 9

int bluePin = 10; // B petal on RGB LED module connected to digital pin 10

void setup()

{

pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // sets the ledPin to be an output

pinMode(redPin, OUTPUT); // sets the redPin to be an output

pinMode(greenPin, OUTPUT); // sets the greenPin to be an output

pinMode(bluePin, OUTPUT); // sets the bluePin to be an output

}

void loop() // run over and over again

{

// Basic colors:

color(255, 0, 0); // turn the RGB LED red

delay(1000); // delay for 1 second

color(0,255, 0); // turn the RGB LED green


color(0, 0, 255); // turn the RGB LED blue


// Example blended colors:

color(255,255,0); // turn the RGB LED yellow


color(255,255,255); // turn the RGB LED white


color(128,0,255); // turn the RGB LED purple


color(0,0,0); // turn the RGB LED off


}

void color (unsigned char red, unsigned char green, unsigned char blue) // the color generating function

{

analogWrite(redPin, 255-red);

analogWrite(bluePin, 255-blue);


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analogWrite(greenPin, 255-green);

}


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Chapter 19 Relay


RGB module : 1;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.


Example code:

int jdqPin=13;

void setup()

{

pinMode(jdqPin,OUTPUT);

Serial.begin(9600);

}

void loop()

{

digitalWrite(jdqPin,HIGH);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(jdqPin,LOW);

delay(1000);

}


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Chapter 20 Voltmeter


SainSmart Prototype shield : 1;

1k Resistance : 1;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.


Example code:

float temp; //Create a float variable temp as a storage space to store data preparation

void setup()

{

Serial.begin(9600); //Using 9600 baud rate serial communication

}

void loop()

{

int V1 = analogRead(A0); //A0 port to read from the voltage data into newly created variable of type integer V1, analog port

voltage measurement range is 0-5V returns a value of 0-1024

float vol = V1*(5.0 / 1023.0); //We will be converted into the actual value of V1 voltage value into a float variable vol


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if (vol == temp) // This part of the Classifying are used to filter duplicate data, only by the of times voltage values and the

last of varying be conducted only after output

{

temp = vol; //After comparison, the ratio of this value into a variable temp for comparison

}

else

{

Serial.print(vol); //Serial output voltage value, and not a newline

Serial.println(" V"); //Serial output characters V, and line breaks

temp = vol;

delay(1000); // Output after the completion of the wait 1 seconds, is used to control the data refresh rate.

}

}


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Chapter 21 Temperature Sensor


LM35 Temperature sensor : 1;

Red M5 LED : 1;

Yellow M5 LED : 1;

Blue M5 LED : 1;

220 Resistance : 3;

Bread board: 1;

Jumper wires.



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Example code:

void setup() {




}

void loop() {

int vol = analogRead(A0) * (5.0 / 1023.0*100); //read LM35 temperature

if (vol=32 && vol


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else if (vol>=41) //High temperature setting

{

digitalWrite(13, LOW);

digitalWrite(12, LOW);

digitalWrite(11, HIGH);

}

}

Documents

UNO R3 Practise Kit 1