332

Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    0

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2
Page 2: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

I

���������

������� �������������� �� ���� ��� ��� ������� �������������� ��� ���������� ����������� �� �� ��������������� �!"��#������ ��$%�&�'(������ $)*�+,������ �-��!"�./������ 01��2�3���� 4�5!������ �678��9:������ 6�;<�=>��?@������

��� ���������A��?@�BC�D�� ����� ������������ �� EF��G�����HIJ�6#�K�3���� ��� LM������HNO�����P����H�!Q�4���� ������ �A��R������� !S��#������ TU�V������ W�X��4������ �Y�)��M������� �!Z��3������ ��[�\����� �]��^_��`�a������ b���]�4������

�������� ������� ���

��������������������

Page 3: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

II

���� ����������������������� �c�d�e�<�f@��g�6h�i�j�k�l��mn�o/�<�)p��$!��q�)r��s�!t�o^��Ho^��u)v�k�g�w�x��y#�)z��{|}~����`)!� &)�!�m��������j�l����n�����_���{_��� )���6�� &)�!���n��M������<�{@)�� �� m���������j�w�&!�~�)���������0���)������j��� �� m������s���  =¡��{¢���£��¤�£�s��� ¥� ¦�{7§� �©�s�f@�����)��ªY�s�«¬H­�®�¯!���£�)������°�±�)��°�² �)³� �µ��m¶M�·� �&¹ �mn�º�¢�»�=¼��½�{�)¾��®�¯!���£�&)¿!���À; Á� ������mÂC�Y��ÃÄ���Å���)��&Æ��Ç�uÈ�µ��s�É Ê� �ËÌ�g����mÂC�Í��c�&!L����{Î Ï� �)����mÐM�·� �Ñ�Ò<�Ó(�)��Ò<��)O�g����Ô� Õ� m��Ö�L!�×�Ø�s�f@��Ù�)��i�L�&Æ�Ú@�Ù�)��i��� Û� Ü�j�$�Ý��<����Ô��)������ ������mÐM�·� ��)Þ�o�_���×�&!L����É�µ����� ß� >��àáHBC�D��!���j��+7�&Æ�)â�Ø�s�eã������$)â�g�ä)å��æ��= �s��+7 mç�è¢�é�lÄ �ê� më�è¢�g�5�ì)!�g�=�í�î¢�g����)r��)r��s�ï�µ�����+7 ��� �s�l��ð�ë���ñò�j����i�ó��ô�mç�ÐM�&çq���è�)�g��)��eã�½��)�����9õ �Ñ�Ø më�è¢�g�5�ì)!���)���� ��� �g�k�&Æ�Ú@�½�)�����më�ö¢�g�·� ��÷< �¥� )�����$)�!�à��g�è�)�ø�$!�j�����$)�!�à��0½�g�l���ä)å��æ��=>��àá�L�{)�!��ù�më��� më���c ���&)ú�û�ü�����������ý) ���Ã�þ��=��×_(�����ý) ��������� ��k� 9õ�o^��u)v������^��������uq���H��6q� °�Ã����Hä)å��æ��=>��àá�H����!¿q��^��H �!" �#$%&'&$�$(% ��$�������������� ���!"#� � �)�*+,-�./ �0 1 2�� �3 �4� f � $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ªY ��Hä)å��æ��=>��àá���!¿q��^��H

Page 4: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

III

��������� �����������

����������������� ! " # "$%��&'���()������� ������ ����������

����������*� ! +,� � ! " # "$%��()�������

�������

�.��������/01�2345��67�89��:�; �������

�()�������<=�>?�@A��()������B�CD ������ �

�������E�FG��� "H! IJK!L "K!LMN�OG�O�2���� ! " # "$%�P0�������QRS�T ����

����U�������V�1����������W � ��

���WX�Y��Z[���G\�]�������^��_ Ja�b�]��E�FGc������� �� ��������

���de��f��@A�Bgh�ij�k�l������������4m�nop JK!LqOr�� ��������

������<=�>?�@A�k�l�������&'���()���() !���"� !�#$

�������������s�st)�u��sv�wx�����W %��&����

���������������B�CD���y� z ���_{�b�23��|�

Page 5: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

IV

�������������s�st)�u � $����

��WOr�����O}�@A�Bgh�ij�de�k�l����������� '(�)�� *�����

����U�������@A�k�l��~������1� �����W �+,��-������

�.��������/01�23�45� ������� �./�01234

��� �����67�89��OG�Y���.��������/01�23�45 ������56�

���@A�k�l���W���Or�� �78�79��:��-�)

����������QRS�����s����67���;

����; <�:�� =

������st)�u�>?���G��������B�CDSQR ���������

>?��� �� ���

����������QRS�����s�����67�OG�Y��

@�A�5B�CD����

���������������������������s�st)�u���)�T��� EFGH�IJ�KL���M������

��l�����l��]����������������� /�������

Or�������������G��w����������������

Page 6: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

V

������

������

wd����A���� ���� ���� ¡�1¢�£�¤¥�¦G §��f�¨��£�¤¥�¦G

©

ª�A�O�«��\� �¬�­������¬� " " ® ����� °±�£�¤¥ ²c wd����A�³´�µ�O¶���O·�¸¹ º�»�¦G ¼½ �¾��A�¿��|�À� �Á?�Â�Ã��Ä ����������� � ½c

Å�Æ�}�Ç�È����É�Ç�Ê"K!LË�Ì �Í��ΠϽ ]�Ð�A�Ñ���Ò��À�wd��Ó� ����� Ôc �� �Õ/��s�Ö×���°Ø�Â�Ù�Ú�Û�

�� �ÜÝ�Â���Þt�ßàá�âã� ��������� ����� � ©ä©

�� åæ�¡ ¸¹����ç����ª�A�èé���ê� ������� � ©²ë ����

������ �� �� ����� ���� ������ ����� �����

)�� �!�� ����"#� $% �&'� (� )*�+( -%�. �/ (0 -%�. 1��2 ©¼ë

3 �14�� 3� '� �0 5 67��� 8��9��� � ��.'� :��;

)� <=� 3��� (

-�� > ? ���@���

A��2 �/ BC�& ©Ïë

D;1E�� � @���� D�F �G� ��"�CH ���@��� ©�½ ���@ I�� � ���JK� LM���� I &1�� ��� BC��� ���@���

�M& � E� � M�� ²ä½

N<�� �M�� OP��������� 1!�� �P4��Q�

RLM��"D�!#� ����")3 < <= 3��� (

�/ ���@���T��UH ²²c

Page 7: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

VI

VM�W#� �9�� TXF (� �<M#� LY ��� ) Z%19��� 3�[

�6*�+ \%�]�� 3���0 ^X�K�0(

I��[� _� ��� �G� I��6

��@ _� ��a ���@���

�1J� �/ VU���C b<�

²½©

������

The Contract of Guarantee and Islamic

Banking O1ì��í�� �¦G ©

Assessing The Perspective of Oriantalistic

Scholarship of Islam Êîïð�w��231�ñ�£�¦G

ò��Î�¦G

©Ï

Page 8: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ŒÛMyˆ~)²!ZÖp»óY,{Non Arabic Words in the Holy Qura'n ((((A Research Overview))))

/ eZËqƒ·×iŒ

// eZËqƒ·ZuZLÃgz¹

Abstract

It is very interesting to note that the Holy Qura'n is revealed in

Arabic Language. The issue the Holy Text of the Qura'n consists of any

non-Arabic word in the Qura'n or not, has been controversial among the

Islamic Scholars for a long time. One group of the Scholars claimed that

the Holy Qura'n does not comprise any of the non-Arabic words while

some others have view that there are few non-Arabic words in the Holy

Qura'n and it does not take Qura'n out of being revealed in Arabic

because that the Arabic words are in small number which is considered

as nothing as compare to Arabic words it the Holy Text.

The Article illuminates views of both side with their arguments and

makes an effort to unite both side based upon various arguments by the

scholars of contemporary and old time keeping in view that the article

validates that Holy Qura'n contains non-Arabic words.

ŒÛMyˆMZÑz™sÂ[ìÔZknZkÆ**xÌ{]�XExZÅMyдÃ6,gzÝeZà첉fYäZkñçq6, œ‰Û^ð]Öφ!á z){~fñ™Zxä ]Öf†a^áXX(ZZ]¦iÏ^áXX LL

ZZ]Ö`³³³‚Fpæ]Öfn³³³^áʳ³± xÃÌ"Å�XZkÅZq-úc*VVw™Ô0Z',Z�&Í-:ö EGXÅÂ[

ìXZkÂ[~QrVäŒÛMy™*Æ64**x!*5ÒyG�X œ‰Û«ð]Öφ!áXX8--Eg;ÔуgÔ0*ÎyX Zk6,zWÔ%EÄZsðÔZb /

ç}%EÄZsðÔZb8--Eg;ÔуgÔ0*ÎyX //

1

Page 9: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

~ŒÛMȈƊg•fsZ�Y»E+™{ŒÛMy~ZyÅ®ZŠÉ ZZ]Ö`‚pFæ]Öfn^áʱœ‰Û^ð]Öφ�áXX

HŠHì:031£â] !m^l 2X 241£â] Ú߈Ùæi߈mØ 1X

37Wc*] Ά!á 4X 77Mc*] Òj^h 3X

55Mc*] i„Ò†éæƒÒ†Fp 6X 16Mc*] uÐ 5X

54Mc*] æuo 8X 74Mc*] a‚p÷ 7X

03Mc*] ifn³^á(Úfnàæenß^l 01X 33Mc*] ‘†]½ÚŠjÏnÜ 9X

81Mc*] Ê’ØæÚË’Ø 21X 22Wc*] ‘‚ÑæÚ’‚Ñæi’‚mÐ 11X

51Mc*] …uÛè 41X 51Mc*] u‚m& 31X

21Mc*] Þç… 61X 51Mc*] ÎçÙæÎnØ 51X11Mc*] †eo 81X 21Mc*] Ò×ÜæÒ×Û^læÒ¡Ý 71X9Mc*] ‰çø… 11Mc*]02X Þ„m† 91X9Mc*] ÚfB†æeB†pæeBn† 9Mc*]22X Â×Ü 12X7Mc*] CmàÎnÜ 42X 8Mc*] uÓnÜæÚvÓÜ 32X

5Mc*] Úç¿è 62X 7Mc*] Î’“ 52X

4Mc*] ʆÎ^á 82X 4Mc*] Úf^…Õ 72X

3Mc*] IË^ð 03X 3Mc*] e’^ñ† 92X

2Mc*] Ú%^Þo 23X 3Mc*] e¡É 13X

2Mc*] Úrn‚ 43X 2Mc*] ÞfªÂ¿nÜ 33X

2Mc*] ]uŠà]Öv‚m&æ]uŠà]ÖÏ’“ 63X 2Mc*] …æ| 53X

²Šg`fs**ñV»ŒÛWy~Zq-!*g„E+™{HŠHì:γçÙÊ’Ø 04X γçÙ$ÏnØ 93X ڳ߳^C°æRmÛ^á 83X ڳ߳^CpÖ§mÛ^á 73X

‡eç… 44X ufØ]² 34X uÓ܆e± 24X uÓÛèe^ÖÇè 14X)1( en^á 64X e†â^á 54X

2

Page 10: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Ì�XZyZÖpÐ¥xƒ@*ìŒÛMyˆ ÖŠ^áô†e± Zzg Ά!Þ÷^†en&^(uÓÛ÷^†en&^ Z�YZÅMy~

ÅZq-ÚL²!óìXTÆp�L¹ZzgzZãóîg6,Òy™äzZÑXŒÛMyƲ!ƒä»Ètìz{²!~ìXZkÅi!*yZ+ì�¹z�ìXZkÆÒy~ÃðQ{ƒc*Z·x7ìXZkÅ

gZCæ¬�{§jÐÒy™@* z{ZK!*]Ã.e$zŸs#Æ‚B7™@*ìZz !*]~Æc*ëÏ7ìXì:

)2(™�Þ$^]øÞûøÖûßø^Îö†û!Þ÷^Âø†øeôn&^Ö$Ãø×$ÓöÜûiøÃûÏô×öçûáø—

X)3(

)"—ëät²!ŒÛMy**iwHì@*?õ(t²!ŒÛMy‚gZ»‚gZ„²!i!*y~ìc*Zk~Qi!*âVÆZÖpÌñ�Š�?ZkÎZw»�Z[Y+ЬPS,�~îg6,ZkjZáÐ5± Ûâ�H²!i!*y~4,zÁŒÛMyÆz‰ÜŠzu~i!*âVÆZÖpñ�Š¸XZ¤/ñ�ŠÂz{¾wÐ?

¹¹¹¹èèèè²²²²[[[[~~~~QQQQiiii!!!!****ââââVVVVÆÆÆÆZZZZÖÖÖÖppppÓxi!*âV~t§i¬x0*c*Y@*ìz{Švi!*âVÐZÖpgZzgŠî�T»x@{CÙ¿ZK

i!*y~l!™YìXZ,ZÖpX»P‚w¬z�ŠJ-:åÔP„‚ßV~i!*y»z‘W−YD�XZϧb²!i!*y~ÌiâUŠ*ÐZ[J-)²!ZÖp»Z%oƒ@*`Mg;ìXZyZÖp~мò1Väp~Ʋ!RziZyÆx/„¯1Zzgz{!*Dz!ZÖp„ÑgƒäѲ

¼ZÖp~ðh~¹p~™ÆZyò!i!*yÆZziZyZzgZ°Æ_.ZEw™1ŠHXZkƹY@*ìXŠzu~ CìnØ c* Úö³Ã³†$h !*z�Š¼Z,Z�Y̸��VÆÂV²!~ÙgìÔZyZÖpÃ

§spŠ²!i!*yÆZÖpÌ{]Švi!*âV~vƒñXOç²1VÆŠvQZZxÐé5\Ôg]ZzgAŠ+ÅzzÐÃgÏÔ-**ãÔíÔ‡ZãÔ©]Zzgy~z){i!*âV~²!i!*yÆ

MZÖpgZòƒ‰XŒÛZgŠc*Y@*ìX‰äc[Zzg Cìn³Ø c* Úö³³Ã³†$h ²!i!*y~ZEwƒäzZá)²!ÂÃ

Šî~ ÛtHìZ¤/Q²!i!*y~MäƈÂZzgzßg]~²!6ƒYñÂc[

X )4(zZñÇzg‹ŠvŠîZzgtŸiâUYqÐá™øg}iâäJ-Éå¸gìÇ

3

Page 11: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

VwÆîg6,�gY‹�á²Z%ƒZŨ4øGGä18ZÒ]6,ŒZLL�{Ñð~gzòi!*yÆÂÃ

~Hì: iBfng -VZEwHìXi†]ñf`^Ú’ÏçÖèÒ^ÖŠrßrØ Ú`Ë`Ëèen–^ðÆn†ÚË^•è

)z{!*gq-#ÔÍg}g8-Zzg¯ùÅìÔZk»BjŧsËsì(XX

)5()Ësh(gzòi!*y»Âì ]ÖŠrßrØ ZkÄ~MäzZÑÂ

)ZziZy(Æ_.²!i!*y~ZEwHYñÔz{²!„Ñgƒ@*ìX iËÃn¡l TQÂò!ë�X²!i!*yTqª i³³³Ã³³³³†m³³³g c[»pìTÂò!¯1ŠHƒX²!¯äÆ¿Ã

~ñ�Š¶Zϲ!i!*y~ŒÛMy»4,zwƒZX

ŒŒŒŒÛÛÛÛMMMMyyyy~~~~))))²²²²!!!!ZZZZÖÖÖÖppppÆÆÆÆzzzz����ŠŠŠŠZZZZzzzzgggg°°°°xxxxzzzz����ŠŠŠŠ6666,,,,ZZZZ%%%%ÃÃÃÃ]]]]ŒÛMy~c[GŠZ]Æzq~n}ZzgOy+W[ÆZ%Ã]0*ñYD�X‰fYz

W[c[ZÖpÅŒÛMy~ñ�ŠÏƇb�X

))))²²²²!!!!ZZZZÖÖÖÖppppÅÅÅÅŒŒŒŒÛÛÛÛMMMMyyyy~~~~ññññ����ŠŠŠŠÏÏÏÏÆÆÆƇ‡‡‡9999ZZZZzzzzggggZZZZyyyyÆÆÆÆŠŠŠŠÑÑÑÑbbbbZk¤/z{»ìwìŒÛMyˆ~ZQi!*âVÆZÖpñ�Š�XZy»ñ�tìŒÛMyˆ

Z¤/p²!i!*y~ì1P)²!ZÖpÅñ�ŠÏÅzzÐŒÛMyƲ!ƒä6,ÃðMõ7MCXZkÅVwz{tŠï�Z¤/²!�{~Zq-MŠ|ÂÃgÏi!*y»MYñÂZkÆ!*z�Šz{�{

X )6( ²!„BñÇÒy™D�XØ»ãò)x552|(˜ Z³rÛäX ²!i!*y~c[GŠZ]ÆzqÅZq-Š?fY

�:ŒÛMyˆ~ñ�Š¹ÐZ�Y~’A*î EIÜsÅC~ÐZq-AìZk6,ÓxZI¹)fñ

X )7( è(»Z)qìZâx±ïò)x119|(Qi!*yÆZÖpÆŒÛMy~ñ�ŠƒäÅZq-Š?Æ!*g}~˜�:

LLtXi',Š„Š?ìÑ~VÓxZZx¬ÝÅY+$Šú]hŠ¶cljZzgZv¬\»Sg�áŠì:

4

Page 12: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ZkzZW¢zg~åѬ_Ã�Â[Š~YñZk )8( ™æøÚø^]ø…û‰ø×ûßFÔøÚôàû…$‰öçûÙõ]ôŸ$eô×ôŠø^áôÎøçûÚôä—

~CÙZq-¸xÅi!*yÆZÖpñ�ŠƒVZzgZy~Ãðw`:åZyZÖpÅZÝ{mZkÑÅx~

X )9( +C4pî EEEZq-„g„ƒóó

1tZ+ÑwŠg„¥x7ƒ@*YèÑZ™x~VѬ)ZZÑ·tZyZZxÆnÌì�@*ª#ÖaZƒVÏZzgZyi!*âVÆßÍVÆnÌM\~V!*Ñ·tgÎw��i!*34,zwŒÛMyZzg

ƒ·~Æcnz�Š~MNc*ª#ÖJ-aZƒVÏ2ŒÛMyˆÆ²!i!*y~**iw™äÅzztÒyň@*?õXZg�áŠ!*g~¬\ì:

)ëäZkÃZ@*gZìŒÛMy²!i!*y»@*?™ß(X )01(™]ôÞ$^]øÞûøÖûßø^åöÎö†û!Þ÷^Âø†øeôn&^Ö$Ãø×$ÓöÜûiøÃûÏô×öçûáø—

Z[ªCÙìŒVZ’Zð#¥²!„ƒMh�XÅi!*y~ŒÛMy**iwHŠHXzg:ŒÛMy~

PZÖpZQi!*âVƃäЙqÝ7ƒðXñÑ**?·ÃèÃg{!*ÑMe$ÆLLÜ�‚óó~˜�:

ëäZkÃZ@*gZìŒÛMy²!i!*y»@*?)ZIi!*yƒäÅzzЊzuzVЬ(õ)QX )11( vg}zZWЊzu}ßv−(

ŒÛMy‚g~Š*Æn@Ze$ÅÂ[ìXpaèZkÆZzA#¥ZI²[¸XZkn

¢zg~åZв!i!*y~**iwHY@*Ô@*¬²[ZkÆ_Ãp[−QŠzu}ßÍVJ-X )21( ZyßÍVÅi!*y~ZÐàN

» ]¢h )²!ZÖpÆŒÛMy~zqÅZq-Š?tŠ~YCì‰ZÖpò[7Y…¸}X )31( p²[7Y…¸

× Ê^Ò`è ™ ňz]ÅQ Ûâc*:LL )41(™Êø^Òôøè÷æ$]øe&^— Zq-%û|]/0æ[ñŸa6,ZÏMe$

)51(Hqì?QpŠ„ ÛâD�:Z}/!Zk1~YV7,z? ù ™]øe&^— ÂëY…�pt

Šzu~gzZe$~ìX|]Z÷ñ ÛâD�:~ä/0ZÄBŒé E[ñÃtMe$ˆz]™Dƒñ‹:

)61(™ÊøªøÞûføjûßø^Êônûø^uøf&^æ$Âôßøf÷^æ$Îø–ûf÷^æ$‡ømûjöçûÞ÷^æ$Þøíû¡÷æ$uø‚ø8ñôÐøÆö×ûf÷^æ$Êø^Òôøè÷æ$]øe&^—

Hì?)ZkÅzZãªHì?(QZrVä ù ]hXX M\ä¹:!*¹ƒ¼ÂëY…�1tLL5

Page 13: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ZKZkÑ_Ãi}6,âgZ�ZyÆ;B~¶XQ¹/Zk1~YV7,zXZkÂ[~Ð�¼X

)71(vg}nzZãƒYñZkÅZnq™z

pŠg|Ãð¿ÌZ(7ƒ@*�ZKi!*yÆÓxZÖpÃ&ƒÔ¸zzìZâx�áwòä Ûâc*)i!*y»Zq©ÑÆÎZËZzgZKyÐ )81( óó æŸÞ³Ã³×³Û³³äm³vn³¼e³rÛnÄÂ×Û³äRÞŠ^áÆn†Þf± LL å:

7ƒY(XZzg˜VJ-²!i!*y»mì²!i!*yZq-"uzWi!*yìZzgZkÆ0(,}(,}Y

Æçã ʳ^ixXX ZzgLL ʳ³^›†XX Z;gfYZzgi!*yŠZâV6,̼ZØYg{Y**êZiªk7XOçZ0„kñ6,LL

X)91(

7æ{g{‰¸

ŒÛMyˆ~)²!ZÖpÆzqÆ!*g}~˜�:þLL~ä)²!ZÖpƯxZÞ~zZµƒäŃÐ~Š?z{Š@ìTÃZ0k,ä9�Æ‚BZ!x>)YZ;g@*¹(ÐÜHìZrVä Ûâc*:LLŒÛMy~CÙZq-i!*yÆZÖp�óóZzg~ZÏwÃI™@*ƒVQZ(„wG0¦Zzgz<Ø0$40î EEÐÌgzZe$HY@*ìZzgZy

ÓxZZwÐtZ�ág{À_ìŒÛMy~ZyZÖpÆzZµƒäÅÕZk»ExZzAzMy+6,qz~Zzg

CÙÚÅ&4k5½ð FGIEY

ðZzgŠ„»Yìƒ**ì®Z¢zg~åZk~Zlx¹Zzgi!*âVŧsÌZ�ág{HY@*ZzgZk§b6,ŒÛMy»CÙÚ6,”ƒ**u¾wÃàŠc*Y@*XOçZÏÒpÐŒÛMy~ÓxŠ*Åi!*âVÐaKÆè,F,+Ô"u¯Zzg²[Ưx~{]ZEwƒäzZá”n‰�X~äZ0ZÅ3©3ï EGGEÅ¥ôÌZLZÏèÃg{!*ÑwÅñh+Š@XOçz{Hì:

LLŠvÃM�ãZzg2wðZvÂ1V6,ŒÛMyÃZq-tS¤qÝìŠzu~ÂÁXñVÅi!*âV~**iwÅIZyÅi!*yÆ´z{ËŠzu~i!*y»Zk~Zq-ÂÌ7Mc*1ŒÛMyÓxDb²[Åi!*y6,�áïƒäÆ´z{¹ÐZÖpgzòÔÃgÏZzgíz){i!*âVÆÌZLZ0+gñ�Šg‚r

X)02(ìóó

™D�XQZÖp c[ZÖpÆGŠZ]ŒÛMy~WäÅZq-(,~zzZkñ�Ƈ9tÌÒy

ÃŒÛMy~ZEwHŠHìZyZÖpÐ(,|™ÃðŠzuZ¹7ƒYåXZÏqñïäZLñ�

Å@*GÆîg6,ÒyHìÔ˜�:LL~䊬Z¦ŒÛMy~c[ZÖpMä»Zq-ZzgÃZ+{Ì6

Page 14: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

²!i!*y»Â7ìZzg)²!²!ÂÆ£¨~ ]‰jf†ÑXX Òy™@*ìXz{HìLLZ¤/Ãð¾LLbs#zšº)ÅwÐÁƒ@*ìXÂ~Zk»�Z[-VŠêƒVZ¤/ÓxŠ*ƹZzgi!*yMzgßv

5ƒ™e�ZkÂÃU™ZkÅ(ŠzuZZ(„¹z�ÂáMNÂ~ŠúòÐÈYƒVz{L

ZLZkZgZŠ{~»x[:ƒÃÐZkÅŠ?tìZv¬\ZLÈzVÃZ¤®)Zzg ÛâΊZg~6,MâŠ{¯Dz‰ÜZ¤/ZyÊwplÁz°zVе:ÈJñZzgJF,+±Z[ÅŠVÐegZñZzgŠP»:Š}ÂQZv¬\»t�lŠÑ**Õů6,:ƒÇÔ®Zbs#»ìwgnpƒñz°{ZzgzÏ»Ñ**¢zg~ìXZ[Š9te’z{ÃyÐz°}�XÃWßvI™D�ZyƵ~Z%z4Å

1',ŠZ“™Mh�?tz°{eg!*ÂV~«ìZik**]Ô"½ZNÔpÎZgÅWÅq,XZdŠgzÆigt

',tZzg�·À}ZzgQ@ZzgÓ$ó[úg'c*ZϧbÅŠzu~!*ÂV»Šgzì�ZSùÃIƒC�XZknZiZzgplckâV»f™™**ZzgZyÆ«™ä»z°{ Ûâ**¹¿Æìw

~Zq-Ñi~Z%ìXZ¤/z{Zkz°{ÃF,u™Š}ÂT¿Ã„Š]»¬Šc*Y@*ìZzgZkÆ,~Zk

Ð"½ZNZzgpÎZgÅWÅq,«™ä»z°{HY@*ìz{ÈnÇ3äÅW»'×{z;VïYì˜Vpqg]ƒÔ6,c!*rƒÔZ(kyƒZzgZk§bÅgzb6,zgƒZN^g„ƒVzg:Ë{{:c*ƒZÆ£x~ÚZßZy»NZzgiCÙ»˜.$ÁCŠzâV!*'',Z',�X¾]ZÏzzÐZv¬\ä¼A»f™ Ûâc*Zzgz;VZiZikâVZzg!*¨VÆ«™ä»z°{HaètÌoƒå]kÅnÐZdŠgzÅq»f™HYñZkzZWŠ*»4+ZzgƒÐ(,|™%ÀZwk,)g§ÀZ(èÃgƒZYèÎäe0+~»ÀZ¯7Y@*ZzgZkÆâÎZwk,Æ´z{Šzu~nÆÀzV~Š!*i]ZzgziyÅÃð°p

7¦gƒCÉÎZz‡]¯Zzg!*gq-ÀzVÅ7ñLZzgziãÀzVÐiZZ+ŒÛZgŠ~YCì1wk,~TŠgŠ!*i]Zzg0*ðYñZÏŠgz{�·Zzg�{â**Y@*ìX

$+,zzpŠÒyHg» Ûnåz{ŠÜZzg™g§À}»f™™}@*ßÍVÃØtŠÑñZzg

Z%hŧsšä~Ãð]g:zZµƒYXQt!*]ÌìZkzZZ#Z™Ú»Òyc*ÂZÏZq-Â

Æfg)ƒÇ�ZkÆnÜ%ñçqìZzgc*)!îGGŠzu}/V~Zk»ÒyHYñÇpZk~

—7Zq-„ÜôÂÆfg=ÐZk»f™™**4ìYèZk~Z"gxÆ´z{™~Mä»7

Page 15: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

åOçZ¤/¹ZkÂÃF,u™ÆZkÅ(ÃðZzgŠzuZ ]‰jf³†ÑXX Ì7gZÃZ+{q݃YìZzgtÂLLÑäÅMgiz™@*Âz{LZkZgZŠ{~»x[:ƒYYèZkÅ(6,‡ìƒäzZÑc*ÂZq-„ƒYì

ÆsV6,ŠÑª™äzZÑZKi!*y»Zq-Âï„7YZkn ]‰jf†Ñ c*¼ŠZÖpZzg˲!¿Ãg§ÀzV»ZEwZI²[äÃgkzZßVÐ¥xHpŠZyÆo~:tÀZáCåZzg:²!i!*y

~ŠÜZzg“©úEE

0*gpŠâÆnÃð**xzäHŠHåX;VZrVäZIYÅi!*yÐZkÀ}»�**x‹ZÏÆÈÃZKi!*yÆeà6,Ñ™ZÐZEw™1ZzgZko²[~å[Zzg**ŠgZß�ŠÀ}Æ

n{mÂzä™äÐ"6,zZ{ƒ‰XpZ¤/ZkpÃZq-ÐiZZ+Šzc*FZq-/VÆ‚BZŠZHYñÂZkКº)~ñ7,@*ìZknTpÃZq-„ÂÆfg=ZŠZ™ZieƒZkÃpZ{(Z{Šz/V~Òy™**"»gÅîZª¶ZzgtZ%šº)ÆZßwÐ{g`ìXÜ�tìèÃg{!*Ñ

óó»1Ü¢zg~ìZzgZkÃZk ]‰jf†Ñ ŠÑbZzgÒ**]ÐU*"$ƒŠHZq-¹¿Ænñµzû6,ÂLLX

)12( »‡ì£xŠzuZÂï7YZzgZkÐ(,|™Hbs#ƒ$ËìŠzuZZk»n„:ïnóó¹siÆ´z{Šv²!¸]Æ�ZÖpŒÛMyˆ~Mñ�ZyÃZfYäZKÃ~¦

™äÅÃÒÅìZϧbc[GŠZ]ÅÌfYä¶K0+„ÅìÉ°wZ−+±ïäÂZy

c[GŠZ]Ãwzs{ÅF,KMÐZÑ»y~¦ÌHì²¹si~!*¹²!¸]ÆZÖpÃÃwzs{)âŠ{ÆZ±gÐ(ÅF,KMÐfs~$ÑB}é ESÒyHYg;ìX2´Mc*]»jZ!Ì‚B„Š}Šc*ŠHìX�ZÖpZq-Ðic*Š{%ûŒÛMy~Mñ�ZyÆZq-ŠzjZßV6,„ZrHìXŒÛMy~siÅi!*yÆÎZŠzu~²!¸]ÆZÖpŠg•fs�:

]]]]

63:65ŠÚ»Kc*#{ ]¢…�ñÔ 02:81qY] ÚF…h

œ~ 61:29 œÚè 3:03Èwau ]Ú‚

gZ]Å‚È 93:9 !Þ«ð]Ö×nØ 71:17Â[ RÚ^Ý

h

”h+ 7:561 eòn‹ 11:63§:™ Ÿifjò‹

‰wya 71:72 ]ÖÛf„…mà 01:29¾~ig{Æ‚B ef‚ÞÔ

8

Page 16: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

65:50*g{0*g{ƒYñ eŠk 87:42’ e†C]

ŠÐ 54:71 eÇn^ 73:521g[ eÃØ

2:09˜Z#ƒñ e«ðæ **Zyßv 6:44 Úf׊çá

l

02:55Zq-!*g i^…é 52:93ëähu™Šc* if†Þ^

'

68:3ÖZg $^Îg

t

45:7G, ]Ÿq‚]' 05:54™™r#Ó#Ö erf^…

71:42;B qß^| ½gMߊ 72:88 q^Ú‚é

71:5‹ÃaVÃYyeZÑÔCÙ(’‰ Êr^‰ç]ì¡Ù]Ö‚m^…

|

15:7gZ5 ]ÖvfÔ 34:07?MgZx0*Dƒ ivf†æá

7:2; u†t Y+$ 12:69 u‚h

81:04Qu uŠf^á ',Z’™ 7:56 u†š

73:91¦Å ÚvBç…é Zµê 71:92 ÚvŠç…

}.Zx 61:27 u–†é ߃‰ 4:09 u’†l

ghZg 64:12 ]ŸuÏ^Í Zq-iâ:J- 81:06 uÏf^

~¢zgaÐÅŠ4VÇ 71:26 ¢ujßÓà

ï

13:23 ÛR ìj^… eZ„Ð 3:811 ìf^Ÿ

15:01JÑLßv ]Öí†]‘çá ¸wÔÎy 81:49 ì†q^32:801vyZVƒ ]ìŠòç] Î&+ 86:61 ]Ö톛çÝ2:72X121Ÿù™äzZá ]Öí^‰†æá f?ÔuùV 2:56 ì^‰ònà

9

Page 17: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Z', 41:13 ]Öí¡Ù 3:77z75 Ÿì¡Ñ2:081âw ìn†] Zùg 21:63 ìÛ†]

73:9Š\ÏgŠØYäÆîg6, Cuç…] 8:25X45XR Cœh5 45:31 C‰† Î@*g 6:6 Ú‚…]…]

7:731ëähu™Šc* CÚ†Þ^ 71:87izZwMë[ CÖçÕ]ÖBÛ‹65:68XЈ[1Yñ Ú‚mßnà

ƒ±Z[ 15:95 ƒÞçe^

…J 96:01 …]enè **ñgßv 3:641 …ençá

81:22áyÐ …qÛ^ ±Z[ 2:95 …qˆ]81:011ps3@*ì m†qç ²y 51:71 …qnÜ96:71Z§Zs ]…q«ð HÔÁgz 11:26 Ú†qç]05:21.ZV ]Ö†Œ 11:72øg}ŒVÆñ ]…]ƒÖß^

¤Š{Ôah> 4:001 Ú†]ÆÛ^ u!z§qÝ 61:211 …Æ‚]?~y™z 11:311 i†Òßç] )q 2:781 ]Ö†Ê&

eg 82:23 ]Ö†âg git 55:21 ]Ö†mv^á§& 62:821 …mÄ

‡01:82ëä׊~Ô ÛtCc* ‡m×ß^

ŒÃ 26:5 ]‰Ë^…] Z}ZKy 63:1 m‹?Èu 09:41 ÚŠÇfè –ƒZ 71:85 ÚŠ_ç…]†y 7:66X76 ‰Ë^âè Äg{~eZÑ 2:031 ‰Ëä0*ãÅW»',@ 21:07 ]ÖŠÏ^mè YIßv 2:31Ô241 ]ÖŠË`^ð

$+1ŠZgÔT~vYäÅ1MäÑ 51:62Ô82Ô33 ÚŠßçá 35:16Ç**ÇäzZá ‰^Ú‚æá

10

Page 18: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Š-Zg 75:31 ‰ç… ZyÃ6gH 11:77 e`Ü ? ‰n®9:211gzi{gppzZá ]ÖŠ«ñvçá ?lZDƒ 61:01 iŠnÛçá

D62:45•~Ô¤/z{ I†ƒÚè ¶Ky‡]¯Šz 8:75 I†C2:441Ô941Ô051Y+$ I_† yh+z Ûz|#Å 21:02 I†æ]14:25eZ„ IÏ^Ñ Ñ^ 27:4 I__^93:54Zm§sÐ?Ø ]IÛ^‡l )g{ 71:48 I^Ò×è

%“ 73:76 Içe^”

ñ] 2:55 ]Ö’^ÂÏè 72:44y ]Ö’†|2:462¤/Šz½gÆ% ‘ׂ]÷ 66:4u ‘Çk

−X3,4 63:15 ]Ö’ç… 83:63].O»ZgZŠ{H un&œ‘^h33:62³ ‘n^‘o ìÅgK\à 21:27 ‘ç]Å

½g8-',8- 17:41 œ›ç]…] 02:121ZyŠzâVäZgZŠ{H ›ËÏ^Zk»Zqw**) 71:31 ›^ñ†å 7:102¿»zZ ›«ñÌ

Á31:33Ñ^!*]Æ‚B e¿^â†Úà]ÖÏçÙ

Å

iƒZ 5:701 Â%† $zg~ 91:8 Âjn^

6,Š} 57:51 ÚÃ^ƒm† ZŒßv 11:02 ÚÃrˆmà

01:722U*"$™Š~ÔŠ}Š~ ˆÚç]]Ö_¡ÑÚn6ˆÚç] 01:167æ{gLì mÈh

¤/ëg~ 4:91 ]ÖÃ–Ø ”h+ 11:77 Â’ng

8k 84:52 ÚÃÓçÊ^ ç@Z] 5:1 ]ÖÃÏçC

kH{ 4:52 ]ÖÃßk ¢zgi',Š4™z 71:4 iÃ×à

Ñ 9:82 Ân×è hÐzi™z 4:3 iÃçÖç]

11

Page 19: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

C)22(

]ÖÃnß^ð

ÉZ•ðŠgzwZg]6,ÅmƒZ0*ã 96:63 ÆŠ×nà Miâö 52:56 Ɔ]Ú^ic*ŠC:™z 5:77 ŸiÇ×ç] @*gq-ƒðgZ] 97:92 ]Æ_y

ÍgZ5 17:02 Êr^q^ 7:72?âzgeZ{™Š,Ð mËjßßÓÜ

Ꙋ} 5:52 Ê^栄 Zq-)g{ 81:71 ÊrçéŠzâV),Šw´ 3:221 iËB¡ å3Å( 8:92 ʆÎ^á

4:12)q ]ŸÊ–^ðEœÊ–oD −YN 36:7 mßË–ç]Í 76:3 iË^æl ?çZhZDƒ 21:49 iËß‚æá^7,z 2:991 ]Ên–ç] p 3:521 Êç…

Ñ13:91!~Ð^ æ]Î’‚ʱÚBnÔ ªCÙ¼g 71:29 Îfn¡

™r#Šg] 4:58 ÚÏnj÷^ @*m 43:21 ]ÖÏ_†Õ

1ú 61:67 ÒØ 3:4311~2gf{ßv ]ÖÓ^¾Ûnà001:6**]Z ÒßçC

Ù~ 05:83 ÖÇçh 27:22K Ú×jv‚]

47:92.e$Î�™Š¶zZà Öç]uè 71:401ƒÆƒZNƒ™ ÖËnË^94:41?Ã**³:™}ÇÔ¶:™}Ç Ÿm×jÓÜ 12:71úg] Öç]…CÞ]áÞjí„Ö`ç]Ún6Öç]

Lg»Šg|# 95:5 ÖnßèÝ

55:22Ô85gLgLñC ]ÖÛ†q^á 6,Zn{ 05:5 Ú†msÈu 6:151 ]Ú¡Ñ i** 33:23 Ú†š

4:72??t™** iÛn×ç]Ún¡Â¿nÛ^ 5:02WiZŠ Ú×çÒ^ ~ æqÃ×ßÓÜÚ×çÒ^

12

Page 20: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

áÑ_ 43:41 Úߊªé Û9 4:4 Þv×è

2:171Øg™@*ì mßÃÐ ä3� 12:69 mߊ×çá9:83Ô14kBÆnd ]Þˆæ] RŠï� 71:15 mßÇ–çá05:63¸v† ÞÏfç] u8- 6:53 ÞËÏ^8:94g�qH ÞÓ“ 13:91$+F,+MzZi œÞÓ†]Ÿ‘ç]l

æ37:61”h+ æen¡ YñC{ 81:85 Úçñ¡97:8eg~ƒð æ]qËè ?Ã**³™Š} 74:53 mj†ÒÜ6:4617@* 懅 !*gl 42:34 æCÑ

ÃðzŸs#7 2:17 ŸInè Ãðeg{7 57:11 Ÿæ‡…57:11yÆ‚t»c*ZkÆZ§Zs»öc*gKƒði} ]Öç‘n‚

9:61_Zi æÖnrè ¦G‰ 77:11 ]Îjkb

RigzñÚ 02:211 â–Û^ Îä~ 15:71 m`rÃçá<ÍZZàzZÑ 07:91 â×çÂ^

~)32(

31:13H7Y** œÊ×ÜmnªŒ

ZyZq-ÎZVÏ)881(ZÖp~Ðic*Š{F,ZÖp):Ô˜åEsÔOÔîZzgZiŠÛY>Ÿ]

Æ�X!*¹ZÖpZI^ŹÔïÔðZiyÔF+BüEE

ÔqyÔµ‘4øEÔ83™êEI

Ô®~yÔ´ÄZÅšn.ç IG>Ô+{Ô±g{Ô|ñ]Ô\yÔ'×6Ô

ÄAêE

Ô_.ZxÔµ�ÔZ)ÔòÔÐÔqg>Ô<Z”îGÔ±ÔZúgÔZÄ&4èGGEÔZzkÔ<g`Ô

X)42( æ+Ô©ÔZyÔ¾0çztÔÙZzg‘ëŸ]Æ�

±ïZzgZyÆ6.3ð XEZfY�ŒÛMy~QZÖpÆzqƇb�ZyÆŠÑb~ô/ZzgZ[

Š+Æz{ZZwÌ�XÃö$äÃug$ÆZ1Z[Z‘~f™HìÔYèZy~‰ŒÛMãZÖpÃQi!*âVŧs™[HŠHìXfs~9gg~ÐPVBÒyÅYg„�ÔZyZÖp~

)52(X ÐZq-ÂLLZÄB3ï EEGóóìTÐ0M)òä Ûâc*tíi!*y~-yÃë�13

Page 21: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Zq-â\ ‘ç]ÅXX óóíi!*y~F,ôÃë�XG0¦ë�LL Új³Óª j0Ènë�LLìTÃCuÃgÏÌë�XtZq-†kŧb»ƒ@*ìTÆŠzâV)g}ïYD�XYÆ

X)72( ë� ZZ]Ö³³³_³³ç…XX XZâxW@ë�:uc*ãi!*y~Nhà )62( ßvZk~0*ã\™D�M)ë X

)82( »p:LLZ}%Š!óóì ZZ›³³³³³³³³³³³äXX G0¦Zzg?u0'×Z3ë�:íi!*y~

óó»p¤ @îGFìZkÂÃÄ0„k ]Ö³ÛB³ÓçFé LL

)92(óó»jgZãi!*y~pìLLMYóó ânkÖÔ �:LL

Æ!*g}~W@0ƒ@*¹ë�gzòi!*y~ ZZΊ³_³^ŒXX X)03(

Zãäíi!*y»ÂŒÛZgŠc*ìX )13( ë� ZZΊ_^ŒXX °wÃ

±ïò˜�:LL)®)ô/gèZveZzg@*ÉgÂZvЉŒÛMãZÖpÅ‚~ZkZ%»o]Mì

ZrVäZy6,)²!ZÖpƒä»Z:tHì'Zke~@*`Z−+Zo)]177|(ä*KZÖpÃZLZÃg~¦HìXX6,qƒZ1ZZ0väPZÃgZzg(,JñX~aä6ZÖp

X)23(

ÄGóó

°wZ−+±ïäZyZÖpÆ´z{‚JÐiZZ+ZÖpÃÄHZk§bZyc[ZÖpÅ®ZŠÎÐIziƒYCìX±ïäZyZÖpÃwzs{ÅF,KMÐÒyHìXtc[ZÖp8iïELfs�:

]øeø³^…ômû³Ðø(]øh'(]øeû³×øÃôoû(]øìû×ø‚ø(]øŸûø…ø�ñôÔô(!‡ø…ø(]ø‰ûfø^½º(]ô‰ûjøfû†øÑû(]ø‰ûËø^…(Rô‘û†ôpû(]øÒûçø]h(]Ù(]øÖônûܺ(RôÞø^åö(]øæ$]åö(

]øæ$]hº(]øŸûöæûÖF³o(eø³_ø³«ñô³ßöø^(eøÃônû†º(eônøĺ(iøß%çû…ö(iøjûfônû†÷](iøvûkø(]øÖûrôfûkö(qøøß$Üö(uö†(Ýø(uø’øgö(uô_$èº(uøçø]…ôm%çûáø(

uö³çûhº(Cø…ø‰û³kø(Cö…(p'(Cômûßø^…º(…ø]Âôßø^(…øeø^Þôn%çûáø(…ôe(n%çûáø(]øÖ†$uûÛFàö(]øÖ†$Œ%(]øÖ†$ÎônûÜö(…øÚû÷](…øâûç÷](]øÖ†%æûÝö(‡øÞûrøfônûØø(

]øÖŠ$³rô³Ø((‰ô³r(nû³Øº(‰ô³r(nûàº(‰ø†ø]CôÑø(‰ø†ôm&^(‰øËø†øéº(‰øÏø†ø(‰ör$‚÷](‰ôÓô†÷](‰ø×ûŠøfônûØ(‰øßø^(‰ößû‚öŒõ(‰øn(‚øâø^(

‰ônû³ßônû³àø(‰ønû³ßø³«ðø(Iø³_û³†÷](Iøãû³†º(]øÖ³’(†ø]½(‘ö†ûâöà$(‘ø×øçø]lº(›6äF(]øÖ_$^Æöçûlö(›øËôÏø^(›öçûeFo(›öçû…º(›öç÷p(

Âøf$³‚ûl$(Âø³‚ûá(]øÖûÃø†ôÝ(ÆøŠ$^Ñ(Æônûø(Êô†ûCøæûŒ(ÊöçûÝ(Îø†ø]›ônû‹ø(ÎôŠû¼(ÎôŠû_ø^Œ(ÎøŠûçø…øéº(Îô_$ßø^(ÎöËûØ(ÎöÛ$Ø(

Îô³ßû³_ø³^…ø(Îøn%çûÝ(Òø^Êöçû…(ÒøË(†û(ÒôËû×ønûàô(Òøßûº(Òöç(…ølû(Öônûßøèõ(Úöj$Óø÷ÿ(ÚøröçûŒ(Úø†ûqø^á(ÚôŠûÔ(ÚôBûÓø^é(ÚøÏø^Öônû‚ø(

Úø³†ûÎö³çûÝ(Úö³ûqø³^³éº(Úø³×øÓöçûl(Úøßø^”(ÚôßûŠøøÿé(ÚößûËø_ô†º(ÚöãûØ(Þø^Iôòøèø(á?(âö‚ûÞø^(âöçûC(âøçûá(âønûkøÖøÔø(æø…ø�ðø(

X )33( æø…ûCøéº(æø‡ø…(mø^Îöçûl(møvöçû…(mF‹?(mø’ô‚%æûáø(mö’ûãø†ö(]øÖûnøÜ%(]øÖûnøãöçûCö

14

Page 22: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ZZZZ++++ggggZZZZ»»»»]]]]ZyZÖpÃ�Šzu~i!*âVŧs™[HŠHìÂZkÐZÒZÖpÅ!*"$¸¥xƒ@*ì

ŒÛWyˆ)c*²!i!*y(ÆtZÖpŠvi!*âV~ÌZ4çã~ZEwƒD�XçãÆn

ŒÛWy™*)c*²!i!*y(ZEwƒñ�‰øg~ZgŠzi!*y~Z¤/ÃðÂZÏ!š-öEW~ZEwƒT!š-öEW~ŒÛWȈ~ZEwƒZƒÂZkÐCÙ¦/tÑix7W@*z{²!i!*y»7XÃðÌZ+i!*yTÐZKyZ’ZY~zZ�:ƒÂZkÃz{i!*y2äÆnZ¤/ZÏÅi!*yÅVBZЊ~YNTÃz{Y}ìŠzu~i!*y'ZkÆaW‚yƒY@*ìX1¢zg~7ÓxZEÑ]ZzgZ]4¨é IGG‡]~å_“ñ�ŠƒX2´)±ïòäXZÖpÃQZÖpŒÛZgŠc*ìZyÆ!*g}~t7¹ŠHt²1V»

X )43( ¯x:Zzgt:²[ZyÐzZ�¸

èÃg{!*Ñz„~‰ZÖpZ,Ì�XÆZ]4¨é IGG‡]:Üs²!i!*yÉŒÛWȈ~ÌóóZkÂÃZkníi!*y»ÂŒÛZgŠc*ŠHìtíi!*y~ZàZzg Þ³^Iòè {]Ù�}ÂLL

óóÆŠvZ]4¨é IGG‡]5±™äÐZk!*] Þ³^Iòè 9}ƒä»|xZŠZ™äÆnZEwƒ@*ìXLLá óóƲ!ƒäÅ&4èEGOEŠ?�X Þ³^Iòè »l!Z0+Zi{ƒY@*ìt¹²!i!*y»ìXtº]LL

(ГWzZáZVKZÖpZàÔZVäÔ9}ƒäÔ9}™äÔi0+{™äz){ Root âŠ{) �œ

]ôáûm$Oø³³ûmö³„ûaôfûÓöÜûæø Æ!š-öEW~ŒÛWyˆ~Wñ�XWc*‹ŒÛW6~WäzZáPZÖp5±ƒV:ü(™aöçø]øÞûOøøÒöÜûÚôùàø]Ÿûø…ûšô )53( ]ìø†ômûà— F eø³Ãû‚ôÒöÜûÚ$^møOø«ðöÒøÛø«]øÞûOøøÒöÜûÚôùàûƒö…ôùm$èôÎøçûÝõ møŠûjøíû×ôÌûÚôàû

Ô )73( ]ìø†ômûàø— F (™æøÒøÜûÎø’øÛûßø^ÚôàûÎø†ûmøèõÒø^Þøkû¾ø^ÖôÛøè÷æ$]øÞûOøûÞø^eøÃû‚øaø^ÎøçûÚ÷^ )63( æø]‰ûjøÃûÛø†øÒöÜûÊônûãø^—

X )93(Ô)04( Ýô— ] ø] (™æøÖøäö]Öûrøçø]…ô]ÖûÛößûOøòFköÊôo]Öûføvû†ôÒø^ŸûøÂû¡ )83( ™æø]øá$Âø×ønûäô]Öß$Oûøéø]Ÿûöìû†Fp—

´)±ïäXZÖpÃQZÑÝŒÛZgŠc*ìZy~ÐFZÖpZ,�XƲ!ZÑ݃äÆ!*g}~Z1CÙk,{gèZvÅ ÛâD�: Ί³ç…éXX ÅzŸs#ô/™ZxZzgW[Š+ЮwìX}LL

ë�(X/0Ñ745ÿEGë Ί³ç…é )è2CÙJZzgizgWzgqà )14( ]Ÿ‰³‚æÒ³ØI³‚m³‚Ίç…éXX LL

XŒV )34( óóë� ]ÖÃ†Ý XJizgÅ!*glÃÌLL )24( ÈÃë� †ÝXX �:^zZßVÅi!*y~LL

(ŒÛZgŠc*ŠHXZ3ÿXL^Å1àªCÙìQ7ɲ!„ìX´)±ïò Dam ÃÅ1à~È) ³†ÝXX LL

15

Page 23: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

óó~YOZ3ÿXL^ŹÆjZáŠb�X ÊnÛ^æÎÄÊnäeÇn†ÖÇè]Övr^‡ äÌâq73:LL´)±ïòäŒÛWãZÖpÃQŒÛZgŠ¶~I¾WgZðлx1ìzg:ñßsäXZÖpÃQ

¤/ŠZ**ìZy~ÐFZÖp»²!ƒ**ZrVäpŠÜHìÔ6Zk].zwЪCÙìT~´)±ïÅšïEGLsiÆ´z{Švi!*âVÆZÖp¦K�)Zy»f™P,]ú¦/gZì(X¼ZÖpŠg•fs�:

X æø‡ø… Zzg ]Ÿûøÿ…ø�ñôÔø(…ôe(n%çûáø(]øÖ†$Œ((]*‰ûËø^…÷](›øËôÏø^(]ÖûÃø†ôÝô(Öônûßøèº(Úø†ûqø^á(ÚôßûŠøøÿéø(

ÃÌ´)±ïäQZÖpŒÛZgŠc*ìqÑèZyÆQƒäÅÃð mF³³³‹? Zzg ›6³³äF(á?( wz½�]:Š?7ÎZñZkÆtwzsíÔÃgÏÔZzg"3Šö

EEi!*âV~Z,çãÆ3��úZxZÜkÆ4,Šq-

zZã|xgnp�zg:Zk!*]6,¬+»Z·tìwz½�]»F,ÀZzg|Zv¬\ÆÎZZzgÃð7Y}X

ŒŒŒŒÛÛÛÛWWWWyyyy~~~~QQQQZZZZÖÖÖÖppppÅÅÅÅññññ����ŠŠŠŠÏÏÏÏÆÆÆÆ””””GGGG++++ZZZZzzzzggggZZZZyyyyÆÆÆÆŠŠŠŠÑÑÑÑbbbbZÒW[»ñ�ìŒÛWyˆ~QZÖpñ�Š7�XZyW[~Zâx�áwÔZ#èEELk,Ô

Z1D{Ô‡èZ1–ZzgZ#èEELÃgkg9*îGZv:�áï�XZkñ�Æq�»Z+ÑwZyWc*‹™`ÐìX~ŒÛWyò!¹ŠHìZzgQƒäÅÔÅìXZâx�áwg9*îGZvmäŠg•fsWc*‹™`ÐZ+ÑwHì:Zg�áŠ!*g~¬\ì:

Âø³×F³oÎø×ûfôÔøÖôjøÓöçûáøÚôàø]ÖûÛößû„ô…ômûàøeô×ôŠø^áõÂø†øeôoõù æø]ôÞ$³äüÖøjø³ßûômûØö…øhôù]ÖûÃF×øÛônûàøÞøøÙøeôäô]Ö†%æû|ö]ŸûøÚônûàö ü

)44( û Ú%fônûàõ

)t)ŒÛWy(6,zgŠÇ§¬Ý»Z@*gZƒZìÔZkÃZâ-$ŠZg Ûá™ZF,ZìÔvg}Šw6,)ZØYH(@*ÙDgƒÔ¹²!i!*y~(X

)ZzgZϧbëäZkŒÛWyò!i!*y» Ûây )54( û æøÒø³„FÖôÔø]øÞû³øÖû³ßF³³äöuö³ÓûÛ÷^Âø†øeôn&^ Zzg Ûâc*:ü

**iwHì(X)ZzgZϧb )64( û æøÒø³„FÖôÔø]øæûuønû³ßø³«]ôÖønûÔøÎö³†û!Þ÷^Âø†øeôn&^Öôùjößû„ô…ø]öÝ$]ÖûÏö†FpæøÚøàûuøçûÖøø^ Zzg Ûâc*:ü

vg}0*kŒÛWy²!5ì@*Â(,~Â)l()(Æg�zZßVÃZzg�ßvZkÆZgŠ¤/ŠgT�

16

Page 24: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ZyÃegZƒ)gZ3Š3ƒ((Xƒgz×ÅnëäZkŒÛWy uÜ ) )74( û Þ÷^Âø†øeôn&^ ðF Îö†û æø]ÖûÓôjFgô]ÖûÛöfônûàô]ôÞ$^qøÃø×ûßFäü uFÜ? Zzg Ûâc*:ü

ò!¯c*ì(X))t(ŒÛWy²!)ì(T~ÃðÍ )84( û Îö³†!Þ÷³^Âø³†øeôn&^Æønû†øƒôpûÂôçøtõÖ$Ãø×$öÜûmøj$Ïöçûáø Zzg Ûâc*:ü

7@*z{egYN(XZâx�áwg9*îGZvm ÛâD�:

X )94( èÃg{!*ÑCÙWe$~Zv¬\Åu‡ìƒYCìZkÅÂ[²!~ì

z{Wc*]X~ŒÛWyƲ!ƒä»f™ìèÃg{!*ÑWc*]Æ´z{Šg•fs�:)Zzgt™s²!i!*yì(X )05( æ$aF„ø]ÖôŠø^áºÂø†øeôo'Ú%fônûທ Zg�áŠ!*g~¬\ì:ü

X)ëäZkŒÛWyò!~**iwHì )15( Þ÷³^Âø³†øeôn&^Ö$Ãø×$ÓöÜûiøÃûÏô×öçûáø— ] F] Îö†ûð ]ôÞ$«]øÞûøÖûßFäö Zg�áŠZÞì:ü

@*?™j(X)ZzgZϧbëäZkò!ŒÛWy)Æîg6,(**iwH )25( — æøÒø³„FÖôÔ]øÞû³øÖûßFäöÎö†û!Þ÷^Âø†øeôn&^ Zzg Ûâc*:ü

ì(X)ZkÂ[ÅWc*]zZã�)ª( )35( — ÒôjF³gºÊö³’ôù³×ø³kû!mFjö³äüÎö³†û!Þ÷^Âø†øeôn&^ÖôùÏøçûÝõm$Ãû×øÛöçûáø 2 Ûâc*:ü

ŒÛWy²!ZyßÍVÆn�™gnp�(X)ZzgZkЬ )45( æøaF³„ø]ÒôjF³gºÚ%’ø‚ôùѺÖôùŠø^Þ÷^Âø†øeôn&^— æøÚô³àûÎøfû³×ôäÒôjFgöÚöçû‰5o]ôÚø^Ú÷^æ$…øuûÛøè÷ ü

ñ.ÅÂ[gÉZzggضZzgtÂ[²!i!*y~ìZÏŤ&™äzZà(XX )55( ÆZÖp‰ZqŠg$Ig~Ìñ�Š� ]Öφ!á†eo

Zâx�áwg9*îGZvm ÛâD�:)ŒÛWyƲ!ƒäÅ(Zv¬\äZKÂ[ÅŠzWc*]~ZkÐÌic*Š{@*NÅXZkäŒÛWyƲ!ƒäÆ´z{ZkÆËZzgi!*y~ƒäÅÔÅìXZvnguz¬\ä Ûâc*:

ÖôŠø³^áö]Ö$³„ôpûmö×ûvô‚öæûáø]ôÖønûäô]øÂûrøÛôo'æ$aF„ø]ÖôŠø^áºÂø†øeôo' æøÖø³Ïø³‚ûÞøÃû×øÜö]øÞ$öÜûmøÏöçûÖöçûáø]ôÞ$Ûø^möÃø×ôùÛöäüeøOø†º ü

17

Page 25: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

)Zzg…¥xìtë�Zk)9(ÃZq-¿2Y@*ì1Tŧs)½(Å )65( Ú%fônûທ

Ú™D�ZkÅi!*yÂQìZzgt™s²!i!*yì(X)ZzgZ¤/ëZk )75( — ]øÂûrøÛôo'æ$Âø†øeôo' ðø mFjöäü Êö’ôù×økû! ] ø] æøÖøçûqøÃø×ûßFäöÎö†û!Þ÷^]øÂûrøÛôn&^Ö$Ïø^Ööçû]ÖøçûŸ Zzg Ûâc*:ü

ŒÛWyÃQi!*y~()**iw(™DÂtëZkÅWc*])øg~i!*y~(YVÅw™Òy7ÅIÔX )85( ŒÛWyQZzggÎw²!?)tH!*]ƒð?(

ÎZòŠc*#)!*ãWgt�`(äŒÛWyƲ!ƒäÅzzÐZv¬\Ã)çfZv(§sŠZg~™äzZÑŒÛZgŠc*XñÑ**zYZvg9*îGZvmä¬Z²ZòZzgQWyZ™W"ìGGLÅgzÝ~ó�Z[–XÎZòŠc*#äø7gB6,»l~–å:LLTÂ[~§sŠZg~Å!*'0*ðYNz{Â[}.Zůðƒð7ƒ$ËX}²!i!*y~**iw

™äв[zZßVÃZk»7,−™ZzgŠzu~i!*y1%zZßVÃY@*ìZkÐ}.Z§sŠZgI@*ìXZzgT§b}.ZäÀŠ*Æg�zZáWŠñV6,ÃZ»sЃ”VÅi!*âVÐ3,Zà©]i!*y~�ƒozZßVÆn7VœÐq݃CìXzh+zVÃ**iwHìXZ+„

i!*y~Z¤/**iw™@*ÂtÚ¬Z+:ƒ@*XZkÆ�Z[~ñÑ**zYZvä–:LLÎZòY!T§bzh+ŠHfgZèÃg{!*Ñ>azV6,g<XG W\Æ$Ð:.ð XVÃeñ‰¸ZϧbŒÛWyÌ›âVÃ2c*

§ÆZg~Å!*'ƒVz{}.ZÅ7ƒCX1t Ûâ�ØŠgÆy»åƒZ3äÐ�W\ TÂ[~

I™Wñ�XpZ{÷„>â÷YV:ƒ)ø7gB6,»l\)Õäk�01(t¾Â[»¬ìZzgtW\ŧsŠZg~Â7óóX

[Y!²!i!*y~ŒÛWyÆ**iwƒäÅzzÂŒÛWyäpŠ„eðƒðì’}.Z Ûâ@*ì:)95( û ]øÂûrøÛôo'æ$Âø†øeôo ðø mFjöäü Êö’ôù×økû! ] ø] æøÖøçûqøÃø×ûßFäöÎö†û!Þ÷^]øÂûrøÛôn&^Ö$Ïø^Ööçû]ÖøçûŸ ü

)Z¤/ëŒÛWyò!ÆÎZËZzgi!*y~Z@*gD²!ßvëZkÆ�VÃzZãYV7HÔ¯xQZzg#¥²!?(aèZzw#¥ZkƲ[Æßv¸XZknZki!*y~**iwƒZXZrVäZkÙ™

X )06( Šzu}ßÍVÃŒŠc*X¸ÐZ»sìX ÛtÜsW\Å™»ì

18

Page 26: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

qƒZ#èEELM)x477|(˜�:LLŒÛWy™*Åbs#zšº)ÔZkƬZ©xÔZkÆŠzs~¯ZZ+Òy™ÆZk6,ZZy:ÑäzZßVÅuÉÔ¡Zzg°Zz]»Òy Ûâg;ì‰We$~Zg�áŠì:

X )16( æøÖøçÞø$Öûßø^Âø×FoeøÃûô]ŸûøÿÂûrøÛônûàøÊøÏø†ø]øÿåüÂø×ønûôÜûÚø^Òø^Þöçû]eôäÚöçûÿÚôßônûàø—XX ü

Ètì:â+ÆpV.�:-Vu:zzVuÔZ¤/ŒÛWyËQi!*y~ZF,@*·:™DëÂZЙs™s™7MhÔ#¥Z#²!i!*yÆ�ÂZy6,�Â[ZF,Cìz{)

²!i!*y~YVZF,g„ì?ZzgZ¤/¼²!~ƒCZzg¼Šzu~i!*y~ÂÌZy»¸Z‹Znƒ@*)26( ZkÅHzz?

Z#èEELk,d~)x013|(äŒÛWyˆÆ²!ƒä6,§qÝcÅìX˜�:LLt!*]t”{ìtŠg„7Zv¬\ZK‘t~ÐËÐZk)i!*y(Æfg)Ð

#¥ƒTÃ#¥&:ƒÔz{ZLËgÎwÃßÍVŧsg‚ªŠ}™Z4Åi!*yzÒy~&

ìXYèZ¤/#¥Zzg%ËZDZk)i!*y(Ã:&ƒTÆfg)ZkÐæ[HHìÂ#¥Åg‚ªÐ¬ZzgˆÅqªZq-Ü„ƒCìÂZkÃgÎwÆ#¥ƒäZzgg‚ªÐÃðÃZ+{:ƒZÔz{¬Å§b**zZ�„g;XZv¬\ZkÐ}—z!*Ñìz{Z(¯x™}c*�xÇTÐ#¥c*%ËZDÃÃðÃZ+{qÝ:ƒXë~ÐÌÃðZ¤/Z(»x™}ÂtÚZzg‰wÑgƒÇpY<

Zv¬\Ãð…»x™}XZÏnZvV°!äZKƒœ)ŒÛWÈœ(~ Ûâc*:)36( û æøÚø^]øÿ…û‰ø×ûßø^Úôàû…$‰öçûÙõ]ôŸ$eô×ôŠø^áôÎøçûÚôäÖônöføn(àøÖøöÜû ü

)ëäÃð9751ZKxÅi!*y1må@*Z7)Z©xZÞ(ÅwÅw™CŠ}(XZzgZv¬\äZL9|]·~VÐ Ûâc*:

)46( æøÚø^]øÿÞûøÖûßø^Âø×ønûÔø]ÖûÓôjø^hø]ôŸ$Öôjöføn(àøÖøöÜö]Ö$„ôp]ìûjø×øËöçû]Êônûäôæøâö‚øpæ$…øuûÛøè÷Ö(ÏøçûÝõm%çûÿÚôßöçûáø— ü

)Zzgëä?6,�Â[**iwÅìÂZknTZ%~ZyßÍVÃZ%sì?Zk»ê™ŠzZzgtñëVÆn@Ze$ZzggØì(X

�¿ZkqЄYIƒTÐ@Ze$qÝÅYCìÂz{@Ze$c*CYðƒYìXÂøg}ZyŠÑbÐt!*]zZãƒðZvV°!äZLTgÎwÃÌ˸xŧs¬_HÂZkÃ

19

Page 27: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ZkÅxÅi!*y~¬_HXËÑ6,Zkä�ÌÂ[**iwÅÔÃðÌ�xËZ!ï OGŧs5ÂZ7Åi!*y~Ôøg~Zk‚g~cÐt!*]U*"$ƒðZv¬\äZKÂ[�øg}Ñ|]·

~V6,**iwÅz{|]·~VÅi!*y~**iwÅÔZ#|]·~VÅi!*y²!¶ÂU*"$ƒZŒÛWyX )56( ²!ìZzgZkÅÞŠ]pŠŒÛWyäÌŠ~ìX'óó

Z1D{)x012|Ô�Zâx�áwÆçÜ�ZLiâäÆaKƬݸX( ÛâD�:ZZRÞ³Û^œÞˆÙ]Öφ!áe׊^á†eoÚfnàÊÛà‡ÂÜœáÊnäÆn†]ÖÆenèÊÏ‚œÂ¿Ü]ÖÏçÙæÚà‡ÂÜœá

Ò„]e^Ößf_nèÊÏ‚œÒf†]ÖÏçÙ(Î^ÙVæÚÃß^åœioeªÚ†Â¿nÜæƒÖÔœá]Öφ!áÖçÒ^áÊnäÚàÆn†ÖÇè]ÖÆh

! )66( IoðÖjçâÜÚjçâÜœá]ÖÆhRÞÛ^ÂrˆlÂà]Ÿin^áeÛ%×ä¢Þäœioe×Ç^lŸmÆÊçÞ`^XX

)Zk~Ãð¯x7ŒÛWy²[ÅzZãi!*y~**iwHŠHìZkn�¿¾Zk~)²!i!*yÆZÖpÌ�z{šµ(,~!*])JZzg',~!*](HìZzg�¿Ë)ŒÛWã(ÂÃ"3Šö

EEi!*y»ÝC@*ìz{J',~!*]ìÐïmìYèZ¤/ŒÛWy~²!i!*yÐ!*CÙÆ̼ZÖpƒDÂZkÐËzë™äzZáÃtzë™ä»ñµMZ3ÿXL²[ŒÛWyÆé¯xÈNhÐ-V¬bgìŒÛWy

~Z+i!*3Wð‰�ZI²[Ã¥x„:‰(X

ÆÄZyÆ�˜�: ÚÆÊèÚ^ÊnäÚàÆn†ÖÇè]ÖÆhXX igÉLLLLp[YyߌÛWyÃZv¬\ä¹²[~**iwHìÔZkÅŒÛZY]zz]²!i!*y~„ÅY

$ËìYèZv¬\» Ûâyì:)86( —' æøÖøçûqøÃø×ûßFäöÎö†û!Þ÷^]øÂûrøÛôn&^ ZzgZv¬\»Zg�áŠì:ü )76( Þ÷^Âø†øeôn&^— ] F] Îö†ûð ]ôÞ$«]øÞûøÖûßFäö ü

tWe$Zk!*]ÅŠ?ìŒÛWy~²!i!*yÆ´z{ZzgÃði!*y7ìXYèZv¬\äŒÛWyÃZLÑmZÅ}Õä>zZ?xÆni0+{7{ZzgW\ÅœZ‰ÜÅŠ?謌ÛZgŠc*ìZzg(,}(,}²1VýHìXW\~VŒÛWyÅWc*]Æfg),YÔ“YZzgÄZYÃF,]ÎăZ�Z[Šï�)Zy»£¨™D�(XZ¤/t¹²[Æ´z{Švi!*âV6,Œƒ@*ÂW\ÃZkÐÃðÃZ+{:

X )96( ƒ@*óó

ŒÛWyÃZ#²!ŒÛZgŠc*ŠHìªCÙìŒÛWy»ÂÓxÎgÂVZzgWc*]6,1ÑY@*ìXZÏ

20

Page 28: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

§bÓxZÖpZzgGŠZ]Ã�áïìX™1ã˜�:LLZ¤/ŒÛWy~ÅšïEGL²[Æ´z{̼ƒ@*c*ÃðZ+!*]ƒCTò[:BƒDc*Zk~)²!)Q(ZÖpƒDÂæWŒÛWy6,Ñ&ëE

YLŠIZ‹Zn™DZzgZkÃgÎwÅ°ÄœZ‰ÜÅŠ?Æîg6,

7™D6Zv¬\ä Ûâc*ì:)07( éû ]øÂûrøÛôo'æ$Âø†øeôo ðø mFjöäü Êö’ôù×økû! ] ø] æøÖøçûqøÃø×ûßFäöÎö†û!Þ÷^]øÂûrøÛôn&^Ö$Ïø^Ööçû]ÖøçûŸ ü

We$»|xtìZ¤/ëŒÛWyò1VÅi!*yÆ´z{Ëi!*y~**iw™DZzgZkÃQi!*y~Z@*gDÂtßvëZkÅWc*]ÃzZãYV7HŠH?ZkÆZÖpøg~²!i!*y~YV

ª)ë(gÎw²!ìZzgŒÛWy ]øÂû³rø³Ûô³o'æ$Âø³†øeôoù— ðø 7Z@*g}‰ëZyÃBZzgD+',™Dü)17( Q?tYðƒYìX²!gÎw6,QŒÛWyù**iwHYYì?óó

ÆÄZyÆ�gBZi�: ZZ]Öφ�á†eoXX xe°\.-÷G¬¨Z²+

LLŒÛWyËÌZ,Â6,Œ7�)²!ƒÔtƒ»ƒ²!ìXZkÅŠ?Zv¬\»t2Zg�áŠZÞ )37( û eô×ôŠø^áõÂø†øeôoõùÚ%fônûàõ Zzg ÛâyZÞì:ü )27( û Þ÷^Âø†øeôn&^ ðF Îö†û ]ôÞ$^qøÃø×ûßFäü Ûâyì:ü

)47( æøÚø^]øÿ…û‰ø×ûßø^Úôàû…$‰öçûÙõ]ôŸ$eô×ôŠø^áôÎøçûÚôä— ì:ü

Z¤/ŒÛWy²!i!*yÆ´z{Ëi!*y6,Œƒ@*Ât!*]ZyWc*]ЄŠƒCZzggÎw)~V(ZKxÅi!*y~¬_:ŒÛZgŠbYMh¸XŒÛWyÆZÖp»ù·ÌŒÛWyB@*ìZzgZkÆZq-bYÃÌŒÛWy„¹Y@*ìXZ¤/Zk»Ãðz)²!ƒ@*Âz{ŒÛWy~Ð7ƒYåX2Zv¬\tÌ ÛâD�:

ÂZv¬\äŒÛWyÆQƒäÅÔÅ )57( û mFjöäü Êö’ôù×økû! ] ø] æøÖø³çûqøÃø×ûßFäöÎö†û!Þ÷^]øÂûrøÛôn&^Ö$Ïø^Ööçû]ÖøçûŸ ü

X )67( ìóó

ZâxgZi~g¶Zvë�:Þ÷^ ðF Îö†û LLtÃŒÛWy~)²!ZÖpÌ�ZkÆÇZzg!*ëƒäÅŠ?Zv¬\»t Ûâyì:ü

X )87( û æøÚø^]øÿ…û‰ø×ûßø^Úôàû…$‰öçûÙõ]ôŸ$eô×ôŠø^áôÎøçûÚôä ZzgZg�áŠZÞì:ü )77( û Âø†øeôn&^

¹ÐfY»ñ�ìŒÛWy‚gZ»‚gZ²!ìXZk~Zq-ÂÌ)²!7YèZ¤/Z(ƒ@*Â

21

Page 29: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Zv¬\äZkò!¹ìz{Šg„:ƒ@*XZg�áŠZÞì:æøÚø³^]øÿ…û‰ø×ûßø^Úôàû…$‰öçûÙõ]ôŸ$eô×ôŠø^áô XZv¬\»t Ûây9:ŒÛZg0*@*ü )97( û Þ÷^Âø†øeôn&^ ðF Îö†û ]ôÞ$^qøÃø×ûßFäü ü

YèZk§bÂŒÛWy)²! )18( û eô³×ôŠø³^áõÂø†øeôoõùÚ%fônûàõ XZzg:tZg�áŠZÞ9I@*ü )08( Îø³çûÚôä—

ZÖp6,ÌŒƒ@*ªZk~’A.3ï EGG̃CTÅZv¬\äZZÄZïg~Æ�F,+ZÖpÐÔÅ

]øÂû³røÛôo'æ$ ðø mFjö³äü Êö³’ôù×økû! ] ø] æøÖø³çûqø³Ãø³×û³ßF³³äöÎö³†û!Þ÷³^]øÂû³røÛôn&^Ö$Ïø^Ööçû]ÖøçûŸ ìXZv¬\» Ûâyì:ü

X )28(Ô)38( Âø†øeôo'—XX

ŒÛWyƲ!ƒäÆ!*g}~Zq-ñ�tÌì�ÂÌŒÛWy~Wc*ìZzgZkÃËxäZEwHìÂz{ZÝ~²!åÔŠvi!*yzZßVäZkÃðhZ¹$+w™ZEw™1XZ1–!*!ãë�:ŒÛWy²!ìZk~Ãð’A*î E7XŒÛWy»CÙCÙÂ�ËŠzu~i!*yzZáäZEwHìÂZk

: ]Ö³³³³³³ä ÅZݲ!ƒÏÔŠzuzVäZk~ÃðpHƒÇ‰‡ZEVäpzpwHìXz{ë�:LLX )48( åXpZkñ�6,ÃðŠ?7|ZkÃPCìóó Þ^‰ÔVÞ^‰çl Zzg Ÿâçl

ÜÜÜÜddddccccŒÛWyˆÆ²!ƒäc*Zk~‰ZÖpÆ)²!ƒäÆ!*g}~ZZZwÆ

ŠgxyrŠ¶Å‰fYäÃÒÅìZzgFÂù]7Å�XZke~Z#èEELk,˜�:LLZ#èEEL

z{ÃgÏÔíÔ „kñZzgŠvW[xäZÖpŒÛWyÅ‚™Dz‰Ü‰/VÅÚ�tÒyHì"3ŠöEEc*ZϧbÅZzgi!*âVÆZÖp�ÂZkÅÂätÅY$ËìZyZÖp~Z·tÐi!*âV»ÂZgŠƒŠHªZq-„!š-öEWÆzZWZ3ÿXL²[ÔZ3ÿXLÃgkZzgZ3ÿXL|z){äZq-„ÂÆ‚B†™1ÔZzgZ#èEELk,Æ´z{ËZzg¿»¸wì:7Éz{ZÖpÂZy{ØZI²[Å1wew~ŠZ4ZzgZÏi!*yƸT~ŒÛWyÑp»4,zwƒZYèZI²[ZLzV~ŠvZZxÐXZzgZkzzÐZyÅi!*yƉZI²[Åi!*y6,m|YD¸XQZyZÖp~ÐPÜ]wzsŶƂBo™

ÆZI²[äZyÃZLZÃgZzgõzgZ]~ÌZEw™1ZzgZk§b6,z{c[ZÖp¹²!Ü])°p(Æ u³‚ Ƈì£x0‰ZzgZy~ÌÒyÅÚ)�²!i!*y»{�¶(aZƒ:ZÏ

22

Page 30: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

X )58( Z ÒpÐŒÛWy»4,zwZyÜ]Æ‚Bƒ

»ÄZy‡ì™Dƒñ˜�: ZZ]Öj†qnxXX ·ZZ¬1ãZZZwf™™äƈLL9ñ�z„ìTÃd~Zzg/gfYäZ(gHìŒÛWy‚gZ»‚gZ²!ìXfYÅ

X )68( 7™Š{{]ÀmZzgf‚ÃZh™äzZá~ŠÑbZÏÅ@*G™D�ÆÄZyÆ� âØæ…CÊo]Öφ�áÒ×Û^lì^…qèÂàÖÇ^l]ÖÆhœæŸ[ ZÏñ�Å@*G

X )78( ´)ŒÛ?äÅìŠzâVZZw~rÆe~Z1D‡Ì0 X )88( ‰fYäŠzâVnÆZZwÃ9ŒÛZgŠc*ì

sx»¸w�gì:÷}4,Šq-z{è<ØŠg„ìT~ŠzâVßVÅ�)¤&ƒCìZzgz{è<Ø)gZñ(tì:

LLZk~—7fYÆ8iïELÒyZyZÖpÅZÝQi!*3�1!*]tƒðZyÜ]ÆZEwÅ¢zg]Z3ÿXL²[Ã7,~ZzgZrVäZyÜ]Ãc[¯™ZKi!*yÐZŠZ™äƇ.Þ™1XQQZÖpÅßg]ÐZyÅßg]Ì$+w™Z7ZKi!*yÆZÖpÐx/¯1ZzgZk§btÜ]²!i!*yÆbzƒ‰OçTz‰ÜŒÛWy»4,zwƒZìZkz‰ÜtZÖp²!¯x~Z,ïV‰¸Zy»ZqÐi™**ÂåX®ZZkÒpÐ�ßvZyò!i!*y~�áïCD�z{ÌZzg�ßv

X )98( ZyÜ]ÃQŒÛZgŠï�z{ÌŠzâVOñpŠF�

âZ[œ&Œ{y¦Y)x7031|(ŠzâVnÆZZw~rÐ0˜�:X )09( ZZæ]ÖrÛÄœÞ`^ÖÛ^iÓ×Ûke`^]ÖÆhÞŠfk]Ön`Üæ‘^…le`ÜÖÇèXX

LLZyæZk§bHYñÇZ#²1VäZyÜ]Æfg)¯xHÂtZyŧs™[ƒ‰ZzgtZyŹ0‰Xóó

¿Ñ|˜�:ZZæq³Û³Äe³Ã³˜]Ö³ÛËŠ†màenà]ÖÏçÖnàeªáâ„å]¢ÖË^ÁÖÛ^iÓ×Ûke`^]ÖÆhæC]…lÂ×oœÖŠßj`Ü

‘^…l†enèÊ’nvèæRáÒ^ÞkÆn†Â†enèÊo]¢‘ØÖÓß`ÜÖÛ^iÓ×Ûç]e`^ÞŠfk]Ön`Üæ‘^…lÖ`Ü

X )19( ÖÇèæâçqÛÄuŠàXX

23

Page 31: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

)‰¬+äŠzâVnÆZZwæHìXZ#ZI²[äZyÜ]Æfg)†HZzgtZÖpZyÅi!*âV6,¤/Šl™äÑÂt¹²!ŒÛZg0*ñZ¤/pZÝÆZ±gÐt)²!ÔpZ#²[ZyÃ1%ÑÂtZyŧs™[ƒñZzgZyÅi!*yŒÛZg0*ñXtr¹pzg]ì(X

Zz6,Òy™Š{Z1D‡Ì0sxÅr6,Z#i‚ÛZsÅä-Vì:LLtñ��Z1Däf™HìT~z{èÃg{ Û¢»Z%sŠIZD�1~&

ƒVçn-V7ìYèZâx�áwZzgZyÆ6.3ð XEZZk!*]Ð**zZ�:¸²[Z#ËQÂÃZL¯x~ŠZ4™D�Âz{²!0Y@*ìÉz{tB¸ZyZÖpìîg6,QZÑÝŒÛZgŠ¶Å

X )29( ÃðRö7

èÃg{!*ÑÓxF,Z%sÆ!*z�Št!*]›Zzg5mìŒÛWyˆ~)²!ZÖpƇ9Æ4,Šq-ÌŒÛWyÆZÒZÖp²!�ÔÜsPZÖp��ZyÆ4,Šq-Q�ZzgZy»|xÌz„x

ì�²[B¸X

24

Page 32: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

jjjjZZZZ!!!!YYYY]]]]zzzzjjjjZZZZÙÙÙÙm:14X34Ôo:1Ô7931|ÔY!œîGZÑâx·0:ŠZÑs!0îGG ]Ö`‚Fpæ]Öfn^áʱœ‰Û«ð]Öφ!á : ‘^Öxeà]e†]anÜe×n`o 1X

:Š~²[ÔŒÛWyƲ!ƒäÆ0Wc*]ÆaŠ&ÀŸ/õ GGZkÂ[Æ,]:302X402X2XÎg>-ŠÔ21:2X3XñÑ**·g=aŠO~:ŒÛWyÆŠZð~Ô„ŒÛW*]Ôçã7f$ÔZgŠz!*iZgуgÔo:4Ô3002YÔm:52X4XñÑ**·Z�³Ë:ÑbZÅ.›Ò¨éG]ZÅh4üE:Z#yZßZ°Ó°H]ZÅh4üEðZ¦Z°ÔŠZgíZ^ZÑsðуgÔo:1Ô9931|B9791YÔm:22X5XZsÔmþ:05X

ÔŠZgíZ^ZÑsðуgÔm:002X ]Öjvfn†W]ÖßçÅ]Ÿ…eÃçáV]ÖÛÆh 6X°wZ−+Z−ï:V]…I^C]ÖËvçÙRÖoivÏnÐ]ÖvÐÚàÂ×Ü]¢‘çÙ!]ÖË’Ø]Ö†]eÄÊo]ÖÛÆhâØâçÚçqçCÊo ·0Z0·ZŸ»ã 7X

m:82X ( ÔŠZgZH†ÔÛz] ]Öφ!áœÝŸ8XÎg>Z',Z�Ô41:4X

°wZ−+Z−ï:ZÑ»y°ExZÅWyÔ$»40î GEGZäÔZgŠz!*iZgуgÔ1B123X 9X01XÎg>-ŠÔ21:2X11XñÑ**?·Ã:çgsZÅWyÔZŠZg>ZšgsÔŠZgZ‰x™ZcÔo:4041|B4891YÔ5B3X21XñÑ**†Z°Ýñã:&4n.ç GGGZÅWyÔ$»40î GEGZ?xzÍ7g{ÔуgÔo:2002YÔ2B773X

Z0·Zsæ~:ZÑ©x°ZßwZÑ©xÔŠZgZ2[Z²!ÔÛz]Ôo:14041|B4891YÔ1B97X 31X‘4øEÔ08:13X 41XÎg>

51XqƒqŠZ−+Z0M:‚Z0MÔâg·ZÛZ,z»g{:g]ÃÔWgZx!*r™ZcÔ1B7X‘4øEÔ08:13X 61XÎg>

71XZ1†Zv·ZHzsqÁlO7g~:guqÁÔŠZgZËÔÛz]Ôo:8931|B8791YÔ2B415X81X·0ZŠgöZ#w:Z°‚ÈîGÔm:24X91XZÑ»y°ExZÅWyÔ1B023X02XZsÔ1B023X123X12XZsÔ1B123X223X

ÃZÑ»yƲ!°,·½Z]!ZÄCÍ-öEÔ)T E]ÖÃnß^ðD ƒYìXZk ‰nß^ð 22XtÂŒÛWy~ñ�Š7Xt¸]

]Öç‡CE]Ö燅D(…eÄE…mÄD(mÇjç] „–ƒZìXZÑ»y)ZgŠz(~Wæ{ZÝo} ]ÖÃnß^ð 3(ÐÌŠ¬ŠH1²!°~Ìz){ZÖpÅoèÃg{!*Ѳ! EmÇßç]D(I†æEI†CD(Þí×èEÞv×äD(ÒöØ%EÒøØ'D(ejjÿnà(Eifjÿ‹D(iòn‹Eeòn‹D(]ÖÏÃçCE]ÖÃÏçCD

Zi·ZŠ†Z]¹ÐÌgÉðàìX ]ÖÛÃrÜ]ÖÛË`†Œ¢ÖË^Á]Öφ�á TÐñZi:™ÆňìX2ZÑ»yÔ1B413X913X 32XŠ&ÀŸ/õ GG

42XZsX

25

Page 33: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

X ™æø]ôáûÒößûjöÜûÚ$†û•5o]øæûÂø×Fo‰øËø†õ]øæûqø«ðø]øuø‚ºÚôùßûÓöÜûÚôùàø]ÖûÇø«ñô¼— ÔÂ[Z‘56Ô!*[!¬\: ]Ör^ÚÄ]Ö’vnx 52XX 62XZÏ:!*[Îg>-ŠÔ21X 72XZÏ:!*[Îg>zZ´g:25

82XZs:‚Îg>©:02X92XZs:‚Îg>:21Ô!*[4X03XZs:‚Îg>Z‡g:42X

æøÞø–øÄö]ÖûÛøçø]‡ômûàø]ÖûÏôŠû¼ø e^hÎçÙ]²iÃ^ÖFoV™ 89Ô ]Ör^ÚÄ]Ö’vnx(Òj^h]Öjçun‚æ]Ö†CÂ×o]Ör`ÛnèæÆn†aÜ 13X85X ÖônøçûÝ—ô]ÖûÏônFÛøèô

Ôm:102Ô202X ]Öjvfn†ÊoÂ×Ü]ÖjËŠn† 23X33XZÑ»yÔm:323X033X

ÔÔ1B41X71X C]…]ÖÛÃ^…Í Ô q^ÚÄ]Öfn^áÂàiªæmØ�p]Öφ!á 43XZk]Å,ÆnŠB:Z1Q·0k,d~:ZÆIÅxÔ6:331X Îg> 53XðŠÔ11:16X Îg> 63XZÆI&45é EEGRYÔ12:11X Îg> 73XZâÔ35:74X Îg> 83XZ°9.è WEÔ55:42X Îg> 93X

Ô Ú_fÃèC]…]ÖÓjg]ÖÛ’†mè Ô ÞBª ÔâŠ{: ]ÖÛÃrÜ]ÖÛË`†ŒŸÖË^Á]Öφ!á]ÖÓ†mÜ 04X,ÆnŠ¶:·¢ðE0ZŠ†Z]¹:‡CÙ{Ôo:4631|Ôm:007X107Ô

:47X ]ÖÛ‚$† 14X9gg~ÔÂ[Z‘56ÔÎg>43:61X ‰fª( 24XZsÔÎg>

34XZsX62:291X591X ]ÖBÆ�ð( Îg> 44X31:73X ]ֆ‚( Îg> 54X

24:7X ]ÖBç…Fp( Îg> 64X34:1X3X ]Öˆì†Í( Îg> 74X

93:82X ]ÖˆÚ†( Îg> 84Xm:64X74X ]Ö†‰^Öè( 94X

61:301X ]ÖßvØ( Îg> 05X-ŠÔ21:2X Îg> 15X©Ô02:311X Îg> 25X

14:3X ( 3Zã> Îg> 35XZÑ›sÔ64:21X Îg> 45X

26

Page 34: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

55XguqÁÔ4B78X61:301X ( Zì Îg> 65X

14:44X ( 3Zã> Îg> 75Xm:74X ]Ö†‰^Öè( 85X14:44X ( 3Zã> Îg> 95X

06XZ1ZßÃzYZvZ%<~:h6,»lTZ[ø7gB6,»lm:83X93Ôo:1002YÔãÃ{:ÔZgŠz!*iZgуgX62:891X ( ZÈWY Îg> 16X

26X‚Z0MÔ4B67XZ',Z…Ô41:4X Îg> 36XZìÔ61:46X Îg> 46X

56X‚d~Ô1B11XÔÛz]Ô1B782X882X C]…]ÖÛÆÊèÖ×_f^Âèæ]ÖßB† Ô ]Öf†â^áÊoÂ×çÝ]Öφ!á 66X$+gZ−+·0†ZvigÉ:

X NMVO Îg>-ŠÔ 76X:44X Îg>sÔ14 X TR

1B782X882X ]Öf†â^áÊoÂ×çÝ]Öφ!á( 96X14:44X Îg>sÔ 07X

ÔÛz]Ôo:2Ô1041|B1891YÔ ÚÓjfè]ÖLj]ÖoCÚBÐ(Ú©‰ŠèÚß^âØ]ÖÆÊ^á Ô ]Öjfn^áÊoÂ×çÝ]Öφ�á 17X·ZZ¬1ã:m:302X402X

34:1X3X ( Z²ys Îg> 27X37XÎg>ZÈZÔ26:591X

Z',Z…Ô41:4X Îg> 47X14:44X Îg>sÔ 57X

ŠZgZ2[ZÉÓ45é EEãÔÛz]Ôo:7Ô1041|B1891Ym:005X105X ]Ÿ‰¡Ýæ$Ï^Êè]ŸÞŠ^á( 67X\.-÷G¬¨Z²+:

Z²ysÔ34:1X3X Îg> 77Xm:71Ôo:1Ô3891YÔŠZgZÑg¶ÔqyX ]ÖÛß^…ÊoÂ×çÝ]Öφ�á 87XZ−Æg·ZZd:

34:1X3X ]Öˆì†Í( Îg> 97X08XÎg>ZÈZÔ26:195X18XÎg>ZÈZÔ26:195X

14:44X Îg>sÔ 28XZsÔm:71X81X ]ÖÛß^…ÊoÂ×çÝ]Öφ�á( 38X

48XZsÔm:7X1XÔÛz]Ô21B471X C]…]un^ð]Öj†]']ÖÆeo Ô …æ|]ÖÛÃ^ÞoÊoiËŠn†]Öφ!á]ÖÿnÜæ]ÖŠfÄ]ÖÛ%^Þo 58XZj·ZsßÏ:

27

Page 35: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

m:402X ]Öjfn^áÊoÂ×çÝ]Öφ�á( 68XÔŠZgZ2[Z²!ÔÔo:3Ô7831|B7691YÔ1B86X96X ]Ör^ÚÄŸuÓ^Ý]Öφ�á 78X·0Z£ZÑ»g~ZÅ?:

)‚Z0Zœi~(ÔŠZgíZ^ZÑsðÔêûgzeÔуgÔ ‡]C]ÖÛŠn†ÊoÂ×Ü]ÖjËŠn† 88XZ1ZÁ`†Z°×y0Zœi~:o:1Ô5831|B5691YÔ4B871X

Ôm:602X702X ]Ö`‚pæ]Öfn^áÊoœ‰Û«ð]Öφ!á 1B092Ô ]Öf†â^á( 98XÔ‡CÙ{Ô4B434X Ú_fÃè]ÖÃ^‘Ûè Ô Êjx]Öfn^áÊoÚÏ^‘‚]Öφ�á 09XâZ[œ&Œ{y:

ÔÛz]Ô2B88X C]…]ÖÛÆÊè Ôo:2Ô iËŠn†]ÖŠ†]t]ÖÛßn† 19XZÄB‹3ïEGEZÕ|:

m:02X ]ÖÛß^…ÊoÂ×çÝ]Öφ�á( 29X

28

Page 36: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

~~~~‡‡‡‡èèèè¡¡¡¡zzzz~~~~»»»»!!!!----::::÷÷÷÷EEEEXXXXEEEE‚‚‚‚ œœœœÞÞÞÞçççç]]]]…………]]]]ÖÖÖÖjjjjßßß߈mmmmØØØØæææ朜œœ‰‰‰‰††††]]]]…………]]]]ÖÖÖÖjjjj^ææææmmmmØØØØ

Exegetical Methodology of Qazi Baizavi in his Tafsir

"Anwar al Tanzil wa Asrar al Tawil"

/ qƒ·ZGt

ABSTRACT

The Anwar al Tanzil wa Asrar al Tawil, is well known tafsir by Qazi

Nasir ul Din Abdullah Bin Umar. Qazi Baizavi was born in 585 A.H and died

in 685 A.H. He was expert an imperical and septic learnings, he wrote more

than twelve books in various branches of Islamic studies. His tafsir is

considered one of Tafasir "Bil Ray Al Mahmood(Tafsir based on

commended reasoning and Ijtihad). In fact,Qazi Baizavi's work is a precise

of Allama Jarullah Zamakhari's Tafsir "Al-Kashaf". Qazi Baizavi has given

much importance in his tafsir to diction, grammar, comprechension, and

discussions related to fiqh.

The critics have of opinion that Qazi Biazvi reported unauthentic

prophetic tradition(Ahadith) at the end of every Surah. It came true while

studying his Tafsir. Moreover, he cited many Israe'li Traditions while the

interpretaion of verses but with critical analysis. He did not only represented

and endorced Iman Shafi'e's Fiqh but he also rejected other school of

thoughts particularly "Hanafi School of Thought". For the acknowledgment

of his work, it is suffise that his Tafsir has been studied as particular in the

Religious Institutes of Sub Continent for the long time of history. Thus, it is

need to be known the methodology of Imam Baizavi in his remarkable

Tasir.

Z*…g^aZe°·YZ−+i™c*-Eg;ÔMyX /

29

Page 37: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

‡è¡z~ÆqÑ]i0+ÏX )1( **x†Zv0/0ZÔZ1Z<Zzg**ÜZ−+Äìp‡è¡z~Æ**xй�gì

|ÒyÅìzÑŠ]èZiÆ 585 ‡è¡z~ÅzÑŠ]Æ!*g}~¸gð{ñl�‰¸gðä)2(X ŒÛRà¡~ƒðì

‡è¡z~Zq-Z,{0+Zy~aZƒñ��DzaZzg),gÏ~¹à]g‚rìX‡è¡z~(,}

(,}fYÆik,‚t6,zgl0*ðìXZzgiâ:‚„ÐExÆ”w~\ƒ‰X)3(‡è¡z~äZKic*Š{/èZi~¦/Zg~ì˜V6,‡èZ?>)r=(ÆÇ{6,Ã,ƒñQdzwG‰Zzg

)4(X rm,ŧs−‰ŒVJ-�z„6,ñ]Wâ

‡è¡z~ÆzZ−»**x�/0·0ZÔZ1–G��ÃgkƇèZ?>gì�¹(,}

¬ÝZzg‡è¸X‡è¡z~äZÒExz.yZLzZ−ЄqÝG�6�pŠ�ÛâD�:ZZœì„l]ÖËÏäÂàæ]Ö‚pÚçÖo]ÖÛç]Öo]Ö’‚…]ÖÃ^ÖoæÖo]Ö×ä]Öç]Öo΂æé]Öí×Ì

X )5( æeÏnè]ÖŠ×Ì(]Ú^Ý]ÖÛ×ùèæ]Ö‚màœeo]ÖÏ^‰ÜÂÛ†XX

)~ä}ŽZLzZ−¤/ZòÔñàZ>ZàÔ—£CÙÃ,ÔZvÆzàÔîŶKãÔx»uâtÔIZzgŠ+ÆZâxZ1ZØÌ/ÐqÝÅ(X‡è¡z~äZLzZ−Æ´z{�·0·ZɼB5éGãÐExqÝG�Zzg�²B5éGã:ÜsZ*Š

ɇè¡z~Æ�z%”̇è¡z~Z#èZigh™‰rm,‰Â�²B5éG㻊Zðåx1ZzgZé›~ZêWy~‚÷J-gìZzgQrm,Ã:ghZŒVJ-�‡è¡z~Ã�²B5éGãÆ‚BŠ®HŠHX

)6(X æÖÛ^içÊo0ÊàÂß‚Îf†åpqYÑä�²B5éGãÐOW,ƒäÅZzgzzèì�ÛâD�Z#‡è¡z~Ã,>

ÐdzwHŠHZzgZ#ic*Š{²�ƒŠH‡è¡z~ä�·0·ZɼB5éGãÐ\gl™zZ**e„‡èZyÅ}.#Ö~q¢ƒñÂ�²B5éGãä�Ûâc*X

LLt¹(,Z¬ÝÔÃå¿ìZzgZ%ZYÆ‚B3ÅÑZ•qÝ™**eLìªt¿Šzic»=Š{Ô™@*ìZzgz{,>ìt!*]Í™‡è¡z~OW,ƒñZkŠyЊ*z~ošÃghŠc*Zzg%DŠÁ

)7(X J-�Æ‚Bgìóó

30

Page 38: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Zzgi+Z−+ )9( ¾wZ−+ZÔZ© )8( ‡è¡z~Æ�gè{~ÐZ£0ZdZÎg',Š~�X@*`Z−+ZÅk5ÀöEäÜHì�Z#‡è¡z~ÃèZiŇèZ?>ÆÇ{Ð',§sH )01( Z

ÅŸ5ÀöE

ŠH‡èärm,ŧsÑzqHZ#ŠZ4ƒñÂz;V6,ºYÅZq->Ѓð¶X‡è¡z~

>ÆWy~Ö‰XÂz;V6,ægkäq¢+ÐZq-N»�Z[ÔHpq¢+~ÐÃðÌ�Z[:Š}eÂZk6,‡è¡z~�Z[Šc*ÂægkªZyƒŠHXÓxq¢+ÒŠg{ƒ‰0*k9}zik,

ä7Y?ÃyƒÂ�Ûâc*X~‡è¡z~ƒVZzg~èZiƇèZ?>»Ç{âWc*ƒVÂZk6,zik,

)11(X äZé¹³]ÅZzgZÅâ]ÐâZiZ‡è¡z~äŠg`fs£?’k,Å�:

îZÙZÑâZg°DZæx 2X ZâZgZÅ2.çGEEszZuZgZmzs°Z‘ 1X

ZÑÏb°ZßwŠ+ 4X u`ZßßwZàDZÑßw 3X

ÑbÑ0qZ# 6X Z¸!îGGZÅ©{ðGò°ŠgZ!îGGZ…ò 5X

¿°ZÅŸ540î GJGG ÑbZ�Ù5ê8X 7X

ZÉÒ5éE[°DZ²Z[ 01X ÑbZÅ©{ð Ew°ZÅŸ540î GJGGzZŨÓë E 9X

g‚ÈîG°ñç¬]Z‰x 21X ÂxZpZgõ)ÃgÏi!*y 11X

ÑbZÅ+B{ðw 41X ÑbZ…×@ 31X

ÑbZÉ4540î GEEG)eg¢( 51X

zÃ])21(X W\ÅzÃ]rm,Æ£x6,586|ÃðZzg‰ä296|»Ì¸wÜHì

‚»¬gsóóg3ì6�pŠl)~˜ ]Þç]…]Öj߈mØæ]‰†]…]Öj^æmØ ‡è¡z~äZK‚»**xLL

�XEOMD! XXXX ZZÞ^æm÷œáœ‰ÛnäeÂœáœiÛÛäeªÞç]…]Öj߈mØ有†]…]Öj^æmØX

)Zk!*]»ZgZŠ{™Dƒñ�å™äÆZjLLZâZgZÅ2.çGEEszZuZgZmzsóó»**xŠzVÇ(Xp',iŠi!*y6,LL‚¡z~óóÆ**xÐ�gìLL‚¡z~óó0*õ¢zV6,ŒìZzg

31

Page 39: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

‚¡z~Ô )41( 0*ÎyÉF£â]Ð�áùƒ_ì‡è¡z~ät‚rm,Æ£x6,åÅì‚!*°ZñÅ�gF,+·§~Ðì‡è¡z~äZK‚~¹²!ZzgZI<LÆ�Z+Æ_.‚z@*zsæHìZzgZ¤/ËäZâxõZ−+gZi~Å‚¢†@ZØÔ´)YgZvi&Blç

EI~Å‚

¤sZzgZâx@0·gZáÅ‚»�áëƒÂz{LLZâZgZÅ2.çGEEszZuZgZmzsóó»_·™ÆZzgZÏ!*]ÃqYÑ-VÒy™D�:

ZZÖ³í“ÊnäÚà]ÖÓ>^ÍÚ^mjÃ×Ðe^ŸÂ†]hæ]ÖÛÃ^Þoæ]Öfn^áæÚà]ÖjËŠn†]ÖÓfn†Ú^

mj³Ã³×³Ðe³^Ö³v³Ó³Ûèæ]Ö³Ó³¡ÝæÚ³àiËŠn†]Ö†]ÆgÚ^mjÃ×Ðe^ŸGjÏ^ÑæÆç]Ú˜]ÖvÏ^ñÐæÖ_^ñÌ

! EQMD ]ŸG^…]lXX

)‚¡z~~LL¤sóóÐZ²Z[ÔçãzÒyÅIt#ÔLL‚Lóó~ÕZzgxÅIt#ZzgLL‚gZáóóÐDZ]4¨é IGGtÔ�{›ëZzg"Z�ágZ]Å3ňì(X‚¡z~ÅJq¬)»Zk!*]ÐÌZ0+Zi{Îc*YYì�CÙ„„ÆæZgkZzgfY‚

¡z~Ã(,}ZÈxÆ‚B7,_Zzg7,JD�‚¡z~6,ƒÐic*Š{jZÙÔ$›Ò3¨é GGG]‘‰�XZyjZÙzx] )61( qYÑäÙZÅ‹3ð

EEy~51xjZÙZzg72**åx]zjZÙ»f™Hì)81(X ZzgqíZÄB¨é EEYì )71( ~Ð�RjZÙâäYD�z{qí5†ZÔ

‡è¡z~»!-:÷EXE‚

óó~gzZe$ZzgŠgZe$ŠzâV»!-:÷EXEZ(g ]Þç]…]Öj߈mØæ]‰†]…]Öj^æmØ ‡è¡z~äZK‚LL

HìZÏzzЂ!*°ZñÅZlx~Ђ¡z~Â!*°ZñZBŠ»Šgz5ìX‡è¡z~äZK‚~¹Ôšº)ÔÜ°zè~It#Æ‚B‚!*ÓNgÔZò[4,zwŒÛP]z){»ZÈxHìZzg‚B

ZqŠg$zô/™ZxgèZvez@*ÉgÂZvÆZZwÌf™G�6�pŠl)~˜�:ZZæÖ³_³^Ö³Û^]u‚'ÞËŠoe^á]‘ßÌÊoâ„]]ÖËàÒj^e^mvjçpÂ×o‘ËçéÚÛ^e×ÇßoÚà

³¿³Û³^ð]Ö’v^eè(Â×Û^ð]Öj^eÃnàæÚà0æÞãÜÚà]ÖŠ×Ì]Ö’^Övnàæmß_çpÂ×oÞÓke^…Âèæ

Ö³_³^ñÌ…]ñ³Ãè]‰j³ßf³_jã³^]Þ^æÚàÎf×oÚà]Ê^•Ø]ÖÛj^ì†màæ]Ú^$Ø]ÖÛvÏÏnàæmÆhÂàæqçå

]ֳϳ†]ð]l]Ö³Û>`³ç…³é]ֳ۳óˆæ³é]Ö³o]Ÿñ³Ûè]Ö%³Û³^Þnè]Ö³Û>ãç…màæ]Ö>ç]ƒ]ÖÛ†æmèÂà]Öφ]ð

EUMD! ]ÖÛÃjf†màXX

32

Page 40: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

)¹²�Ð÷}Šw~t!*]²-£ë Hg„¶�~®‚Zq-Z+Â[�V�ô/™ZxÆZZw@*ÉfYZzgx™GÆZg�áŠZ]6,ŒƒZzgZkÂ[~Z,�{ï]Zzg!*gq-®`ƒV�~äOy+ZÃåZzg"Vw>ЦG�ZzgZk~�gŒÛZ]��WJ�gW[ŧs™[�ZyÃÒyHYñZzgZy�áf%zc*]ÃÌ!3(.ç GEŒÛZYÐÒyHYñ(X

‡è¡z~»ZK‚~Z|[tì�ËÌÎg{Æâ�Îg{»**xf™™D�QCD��VÎg{ìc*æãˆZiZVÎg{Æ**xÅzzlZzgZ¤/Îg{ÆŠvZzg**x�ÂZïÌf™™D�X‡è¡z~Îg{ÆW¸i„~Îg{Æ:L4,zwÆ0gzZc*]f™™Šï�QZygzZc*]~rÌÒy™

D�X‡è¡z~Wc*]Å‚ZLZ|[~ZSb™D��Z’ZY~ŒÛWyÅñ�Š{ŒÛZ]ŶK0+„™D�Ô‰Îg>ÃB~�ÛâD�:

ELND! ™Úø^ÖôÔômøçÝô]Ö‚ôùmàô—ΆœåÂ^‘Üæ]ÖÓŠ^ñoæmÃÏçh

ÅŒÛP]Zâx¬ÞÔ‚ðZzg©[Æè<ØÆ_.ìX ™Úø^ÖôÔômøçÝô]Ö‚ôùmàô—

ŒÛP]f™™Dz‰ÜUgZzgZÛŒÛP]Å̶K0+„™D�Ü°zè~F,ZIÅÎÌÂßg'ƒC»p mø³çÝô]Ö‚ôùmàô— �f™™ÆZÏ6, gZ+Ñw²[ÆõzgZ]c*ZÃgf™™D�‰�ÛâD��ü

-xZ4ZY)$+!»Šy(ìZÏ6,²[»Zq-õzg{7™Æ'×h+×%»ÄÌf™™D�:EMND! ZZæÚßäÒÛ^i‚mài‚]áæenk]ÖvÛ^‰èVæÖÜmfЉçp]ÖÂææ0Þ^âÜÒÛ^0]Þç]XX

)ZzgZÏâŠ{Ðì�6?™zÐz($+!AZzg×%»ÄìŠ7VÅ&~ÃðÌ:XZzg

ëäZyÃZ,bZYŠ~‰ZrVäŠ~(X‡è¡z~Àòîg6,Ü°zè~Zb_~bs#Zzgšº)Æï]Òy™Šï�Lrg

ZµÌf™™D�Ô2‡è¡z~Zkƈ)bÔWe$Ð!k543û GEE)bÔ�Z+z¯xÆ)bf™™D�Zzg‰Zz‡]Z©â]ÅWc*]Å‚~Ì)b�ÃÃZ0+Zi™Šï�X‡è¡z~ÔZâxõZ−+gZi~ÆZ|[ŧb‚~yz,ÅIt#Ô¢]Zzg].h+‚bÆZßwÌf™™D�ZzgÎg{ÆWy~Îg{Ť~Zâxi&Blç

EI~ÆZ|[6,ZqŠg$f™™D�pZy~ÐZÒZqŠg$ñçqZzgZuZ¢gzZc*]�Xfs~‡è¡z~Æ

!-�÷EEÅS:]»Y,{fe�X

33

Page 41: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

‚!*ÓNg»ZÈx

óóz,‚!*°Zñ~ÑgÅYCìp ]Þ³ç]…]Öj³ß³ˆmØæ]‰†]…]Öj^æmØ ‡è¡z~ÅLL‚

ZrVä‚!*°ZñÆ‚B‚!*ÓNg»Ì!-�

÷EEZ(gHìF£â]6,ŒÛWyÅ‚ŒÛWyÆ´z{ZqŠg$

Ig�ÔZZwô/ZzgZZw@*ÉÆ‚B™D�Ô‰:

Å‚ŒÛWy Òø×ôÛø^l— ŒVü ! ENND ™Êøjø×øÏFùog0øÝöÚôà…$e(äÒø×ôÛø^lõÊøjø^høÂø×ønûäô—ô

ЙDƒñ�ÛâD�:EOND! æâoÎçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™…øe$ßø^¾ø×øÛßø^œÞËöŠøßø^!!!—XX LL

ÆZÖp�(X ™…øe$ßø^¾ø×øÛßø^œÞËöŠøßø^!!!— )�Ü]Ð%ZŠ‚ZÅWy!*ÅWyÆ‚B‚B‚ZÅWy!*�g$ÃÌZK‚~(Šï�X‰:

EPND ™]Ö$„ômàøgÚøßöçû]æøÖøÜmø×ûføŠöçû]]ômûÛø^ÞøãöÜeô¿ö×ûÜõ—

)z{ßv�ZZyáWñpÕYzÐZZyZy~x:ƒZ(

ŒV‡è¡z~ÕÐÑuzZÑpug$IguÐZ~.™D�:ZZæ]Ö³Û³†]0e³^Ö³¿³×³Üâ³^â³ß³^]Ö>³†ÕÖÛ^…æpœá]¤mèÞˆÖkGЃÖÔÂ×o

]Ö’v^eèæÎ^Öçœmùß^ÖÜm¿×ÜÞËŠä[ÊÏ^ÙÂ×nä]Ö’×çéæ]ÖŠ¡ÝVZZÖn‹Ú^i¿ßçá]ÞÛ^âçÚ^Î^ÙÖÏÛ^á

EQND Ÿeßäm^eß±™Ÿøiö>û†ôÕûeô^Ö×#äô]ôá$]Ö>(†ûÕøÖø¿ö×ûܺÂø¿ônûܺ—

)ÕÐ%ZŠŒVÑuì6�ug$~ì�Z#tWe$**iwƒðÂô/™Zx6,t!*]¤/ZV*g~�

ë~ÐÃyì�ZLÑ6,Õ7™@*ªøgZZZy7ìÂZk6,gÎw™*ä�Ûâc*H?ÃZk!*]»D7ì�|]%yäZLœVý�Z}÷}dWZvÆ‚BËÃÑq-:IZî"—Ñu¹

(,ZÕì(XZϧbô/™ZxgèZveÆZZwÐÌ‚™D�6�We$Š+~�ÛâD�:Ã

ßÅÂ"$ƒg„ìZk6,|]†Zv0„k»¸w7™D�:ERND! ZZæÂà]eàÂf^Œœá]ÖÛ†]0eä]ÖŠ×ÜæÎ^ÙÖÛ^u†ùÝ]Ö×ä]Ö†e^œe^|]ÖŠ×ÜXX

)|]Z0„kÐ%z~ì�ŒV,Â"$™**Ñiòìz{ßÅìYèZväΊÃwZxŒÛZgZzgßÅÃ'wŒÛZgŠc*ì(X

34

Page 42: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

**tz™cWc*]ŶK0+„‡è¡z~äZK‚~**tz™cWc*]Å̶K0+„ÅìZzgz{Wc*]XÆ**tz™c

ƒä~Z%sì‡è¡z~ZkZ%sÃÌik,cÑD�Zzg‚B‚BZCÃÌf™™D�X6�ŒÛZyˆ~ì:

ESND ™møŠûòø×öçûÞøÔøÂøàô]Ö>$ãû†ô]Öûvø†ø]ÝôÎôjø^ÙõÊônûäô—

)Z}8[W\Ðßvw#ÖzZáV~yw»ÎZw™D�(XZkWe$Æâ�˜�:

ZZæ]¢Ò%³†œÞ³äÚߊçïeÏçÖäV™Êø^Îûjö×öçû]]ÖûÛö>û†ôÒônûàøuønû&öæøqø‚ûi%ÛöçûâöÜû—ETNDì¡Ê÷ÖÃ_^ð

EUND! æâçÞŠî]Öí^”e^ÖÃ^ÝæÊnäì¡ÍXX

Æ‚B™cìp« ™Êø³^Îûjö³×öçû]]ÖûÛö>û†ôÒônûàøuønû&öæøqø‚ûi%ÛöçûâöÜû— )ZÒW[Æ4,Šq-Šg`!*ÑWe$ÔZk¬Æ‡b7�Zzgt¬ZÓm!*°xÅnÐìZzgZk~Z%sì(X

�áy4,zw»f™‡è¡z~ZK‚~Zò[4,zwc*�áy4,zwÃÌZÌŠï�XZÒWe$ÆÑzq~„

:L4,zwf™™Šï�X�áy4,zw¹„Z"gÆ‚BZzgLL®+‰²Ôgz~Ôz){Æ‚Bf™™D�X‰We$îÆâ�˜�X

ELOD! ZZ…æpœÞäÞˆÙeÛÓè!!!!!!!!!!!!]ÖîXX

‚¤sÅ3‡è¡z~äZK‚~uŠgzÃÒÅì�)YgZvi&Blç

EI~Å‚LL¤sóó»Ü�ÒyHYñaè´)i&Blç

EI~3!~Ð�ZÏzzЇè¡z~ä‚LL¤sóóÅZyIt#Å3ÅìX~3!Æ�Z+ÃÒyHŠHXZzgQ3!Æ{mZzg�g)bÃZâ,Æ‚BÒy7

™DÉ¿Uf™™D�X‚¤s~3!Æ�Z+Æ!*g}~ì�3!»o{ì�ZKy6,»]zÎÎVÆfg)™ƒD�Šg`fsWe$ÆK~˜�:

EMOD ™ŸømøÏöçûÚöçûáø]ôŸ$ÒøÛø^møÏöçûÝö]Ö$„ôpûmøjøíøf$_öäö]Ö>$nû_6àöÚôàø]ÖûÛø‹(—

)ª#ÖÆŠy:9}ƒVЉ9Zƒ@*ìz{&WÂLäg™:o¯Šc*ƒ(X

35

Page 43: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

�ÛâD�:ZZÚà]ÖÛ‹œp]Örßçáæâ„]œm–÷Úà‡ÂÛ^iãÜœá]ÖrßoùÂnäÊníj×¼ÂÏ×äæÖ„ÖÔÎnØ

ENOD! qà]Ö†qØXX

)éÔ†yÃë�ZzgtÌ3!Æ�Z+~Ðì�XÔZKâVÃgD�ÂZyÅ=~Z%o»DgƒYCì)ÂÍc*�z{̆y~ƒD�(ZÏzzйŠHì#V%ŠÃ†yƒŠH(X

Q‡è¡z~ZK‚~‚LL¤sóó»!-:÷EXEZzg§i»gÌÅp{§gnp�6�i&Blç

EI~CÙ

Îg]ÆWy~ZkÎg]Ť6,ZqŠg$f™™D�ZSb‡è¡z~ÌZqŠg$f™™D�XptgzZc*]ZÒñçq�X

ŒÛZY]»f™‡è¡z~ZK‚~ŒÛWyˆÆ!*g}~�gŒÛW]»Ìf™™D�Zzg‚B‚BŒÛW]

�áf{Ìf™™D�‡è¡z~»ŠZk!*]~ì�z{ŒÛP]Æf™™ä~tÌCD��tŒÛP]¾ZâxÅìZzg‰Zz‡]ÂwbVÆ‚BÌf™™D�‰We$zçÆ�˜�:ZZ™æø]øÿ…ûqö³×øÓöÜû]ôÖøo]ÖûÓøÃûfønûàô—Þ’fäÞ^ÊÄæ]eàÂ^Ú†æuË“æ]ÖÓŠ^ñoæmÃÏçhÂ_Ë÷Â×o™æöqöçû

EOOD! ôâÓöÜû—XX

6,ÕÅãCŠ6,µ[ ™æöqö³çûâø³ÓöÜû— Ã**«ÔZ0¬%Ô5ÔZâx‚ðZzg©[ä E™æø]øÿ…ûqö³×ø³ÓöÜ—

ŒÛZgŠc*ì(XLLŒÛP]f™™ÆZkÐçã!k543û GEE™D�ZzgZků6,Z©x~F,ßÌU*"$

)43(X ™D�

½~Zb_‡è¡z~äZK‚~½~Ôè~ÔÜ°ÔZzgDšº)zÒyùic*Š{ZÌŠ~ì‰Zz‡]‚»_·™äÐ-VCkƒ@*ì�tD¹ÅÂ[ìWc*]~GŠZ]Å=ôZ"gÆ‚B™D�‰:

EQOD! ZZ]ŸmÛ^áÊo]Ö×ÇèÂf^…éÂà]Öj’‚mÐÚ^ìçƒÚà]¢ÚàXX

)ZZy¹~¤&»**xìZzgtZðÐâpfì(X36

Page 44: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Zk§bg[Å=ô™D�:ZZ]Ö³†hʳo]Ÿ‘³ØÚ³’‚…eÛÃßo]Öj†enèæif×nÈ]Ö>òo]ÖFoÒÛ^ÖäGn÷Ê>n÷$Ü

EROD! æ‘ÌeäÖ×Ûf^ÖÇèÒ^Ö’çÝæ]ÖÂÙXX

)g[¹~]gìäpF,šMìZzgF,šMtì�ËqÃZn¾wJ-W×W×à**QZjßxZzg°wŧbI¾~ZEwHŠH(X

‡è¡z~ZK‚~è~It#ù„ZÌŠï�XZ²Z[ÅZq—Òy™D�ZzgZyZ²Z[Ð�çãU*"$ƒD�ZïÌf™™D�X‰�ÛâD�:

‘³Ëè$³^ÞnèœæÚ³‚|Úß’çe^œæÚ†ÊçÅœæÚfj‚]÷ìf†å™Êø¡ ESOD ™]Ö$³„ôpûqø³ÃøØøÖøÓöÜö]Ÿûø…ûšøÊô†ø]G÷^—

ETOD iørûÃø×öçû]—

ìX ™Êø¡iørûÃø×öçû]— r©ïEGU*6ìc*µ[)Zgn(Åæbìc*%qìc*‰ZìZzgZm¸ Êô†ø]G÷^— )ü

Dšº)»ZÈxþ

‡è¡z~ä�ƒÐic*Š{TD6,izgŠc*ìz{Dšº)ìZzgÃÒ™D����ï]

´)YgZvi&BlçEI~äLL‚¤sóó~ÒyG�ZyÅ3ÅYñXZ#‚¤sÅ3Å!*]Å

YñÂZkÐt:ŒYñ�‡è¡z~ÂÜs**+�ɇè¡z~šº)Æï]Zzg@*zsÆ: ZuZgZzggñiÃZq-6Z0+Zi~7™D�Xfs~ŠzâV¬+»§i5±ƒXŒÛWyˆ~ì

EUOD ƒFÖôÔø]ÖûÓôjø^höŸø…ømûgøÊônûäô— ü

)tz{Â[ìT~—ÅRö7ì(XZZÖn‹ÊnäÚr^ÙÖ×>fäæŸÚ‚ìØ »pŠzâV¬+ät–ì: Ÿ…ømûgøÊônûäô— Šg`!*ÑWe$~ü

ELPD! Ö׆mfèXX

ZkÂ[~µÅWwZzg—»Š4J-7ì(X )

YgZviS~Zzg‡è¡z~ŠzâV»ÃZq-ìpZÏ!*]Ãi&BlçEI~乄îs„g]

ZzgZ‹Znz�Z[Å~–ì�?ùÈMhƒ�Zk~—7ìXqÑèZk~—™äzZáÂ�?ZzgŒÛWyZk!*]6,�á@ìpZ#ZÏ!*]¡z~~Š¬YñÂZkÐZq-!*]tzZã

37

Page 45: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ƒCì�‡è¡z~¡**+7�ÉZrV䂤sÅŠg`!*Ñ„g]ÃZLZ|[ZzgZÖp~

’k,Hì�ÛâD�:Ÿ…ømû³gøÊônû³äô—ڳó߳^åֳ畳çu³äæ‰_ç|e†â^Þäevn&Ÿm†i^h]ÖÃ^ÎØeÂ]Öß¿† ü ZZ

EMPD! ]Ö’vnxÊoÒçÞäæun÷e^ÖÇ^Öv‚]ŸÂr^‡Ÿ]á]u‚]÷Ÿm†i^hÊnäXX

»pì�ŒÛWyÆŠÑbz',Z�ZãzZã���Ãð¬+¿Z¤/Zk~g Ÿ…ømûgøÊônûäô— )ü

z„™}Âz{—7™nÇXYèŒÛWyÂuZÑÚiÅZUYÃàƒZì:�tpì�ÃðÌ—7™}

Ç(X2—™**Zzg!*]ìÔ—»:ƒ**Zzg!*]ìŒÛWyÅbs#tì�ZkÂ[~—ÅRö7ì:�Ãð¿—Ì:™}X

¨)bÆ!*g}Ã

‡è¡z~äYìZ0+Zi~‚èì�Z+Æ)bƒVc*¨)bƒVƒÃf™™äÅÃÒÅìaè‡è¡z~»ÝZâx�áwÆ_.ìZâx�áwÆÃÂLLZâx�áwÆ**xÅÜZs#Æ‚B˜�XLÃ**ZzgZô¯Æ‚Bf™™D�p‡è¡z~ZÒ)b~

ZXiZzgZ"gлxfe�XIt#~îZªÐ»x7fe�ŠvW[ZzgS™Z¦sÆÃ

ÃÌf™™D�pF,ßZâx�áwÆÝÊï�XZ¦sÆè<ØûÄB3©0î EEGGÔzè<ØZ!743ªî EGEGÔ‡wZ1743ªî EGEGZzg‰Zz‡]²Æ‚BÌf™™D�XZÒZ¦s»ÃÒy™D�ZzgŠvZ[™ZxÆ

ÃÃÌZ�ág>ZzgZ"gÆ‚Bf™™D�‰XŒÛzY~˜�XZZæ]‘×ä]ŸÞjÏ^ÙÚà]Ö_ã†]Öo]Övn˜æâç]ÖÛ†]0eäÊo]ŸmèŸÞä]Ö‚]ÙÂ×oe†]ðé

ENPD! ]Ö†uÜŸ]Övn˜ÒÛ^Î^Öä]ÖvßËnèXX

)ZÝ~ZÙwÔЬŧsìZzgWe$и%ZŠìYèWe$g3',P]6,ŠÑª™Cì:�¬

Å',P]6,6�Ãä¹ì(X

3àZzgZI<LÆ�Z+ÆâÎ�Ût

‡è¡z~»ÑgZI<LzZû®)Z�á²{fY~ƒ@*ìaèz{¹Ð£â]6,‚¤sÅ37™D�XZkzzÐtzëƒYå�‡è¡z~�Z+Æ)bÌ´)YgZvi&Blç

EI~Åcz~

38

Page 46: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

™Dƒfp‚¡z~Æ_·Ðt!*]¥xƒCì‡è¡z~:ÜsÝZI<L6,‡ì�Éz{ZÒ£â]6,3!Æ�Z+ÅF,Šh+Ì™D�Zzg‚B‚BZI<LzZû®)Ƈ.Å',F,~Ì

U*"$™D�‰ZZyÅc~˜�:ZZæœÚ³^ʳo]Ö>³†Åʳ^Öj³’³‚m³Ðe³Û³^³×Üe^Ö–†æ…éœÞäÚà0màÚvÛ‚Ò^Öjçun‚æ]Ößfçé

æ]Öf³Ã³&æ]Ö³r³ˆ]ðæÚ³r³Û³çÅ$³¡$è]Ú³ç…]Âj³Ï³^0]Ö³v³Ð(æ]ŸÎ³†]…e³³ä(æ]ÖÃÛØeÛÏj–^åÂß‚

qÛãç…]ÖÛv‚$nàæ]ÖÛÃjˆÖèæ]Öíç]…tÊÛà]ìØe^ŸÂjÏ^0æu‚åÊãçÚß^ÊÐæÚà]ìØe^ŸÎ†ÊÓ^ʆ

æÚ³à]ìØe^ÖÃÛØÊË^‰ÐæÊ^Î÷æÒ^ʆÂß‚]Öíç]…tæì^…tÂà]ŸmÛ^áÆn†0]ìØÊo]ÖÓˆÂß‚

EOPD! ]ÖÛÃjˆÖèXX

ZZyÑ<~Š+·~Æ¢zg~�Z+Ť&»**xì‰Â©Ôt>Ô‡Zzgª#ÖÆŠybZY6,ZNŠgX&qzVªh6,ZNŠÔZŒÛZgZzg¿™ä»**x»ïZZyìZzgt!*]/gö$3!Zzg

pZg`Æ4,Šq-ìZzgT»ÜsZNŠ7ìÂz{o¬ìZzgäZŒÛZg7ìÂz{»�ÛìZzgT»Üs

¿7ìÂz{ÃÉìp¿:ƒä6,pZg`Æ4,Šq-»�ÛìZzg3!Æ4,Šq-z{:ÂZZyÐ{g`ìZzg:„¬~ŠZ4ìXŒÛWyˆÆqŠ_ƒäÐ03!Æñ.»gŠ™Dƒñ�ÛâD�X

ZZæ]ujrk]ÖÛÃjˆÖèeÛ^q^ðÊo]Öφgáe×ËÀ]ÖÛ^•oÂ×oFu‚æ$䟉j‚Â^ñä‰^eÏè

]ÖÛíf†Âßäæ]qnge^ÞäÚÏj–o]ÖjÃ×Ðæu‚æ$äŸmŠj׈Ýu‚æ']ÖÓ¡ÝÒÛ^Êo

EPPD! ]ÖÃ×ÜXX

)3!äZk!*]Њ?ñ~ì�ŒÛWy~�âèÆ\Wñ�z{ŒÛWyÆuz_6,

ŠÑª™D�YèÂâèJÅÆ*gä6,ŠÑª™@*ìZk!*]»t�Z[Šc*ŠHìËq

»mc*qŠ_ƒ**¯xÆqŠ_ÃäÃ{x7ì(X

ZuZ¢gzZc*]Æ!*g}~ñ.‡è¡z~ãCŠ~îg6,Zq-¬�Zzg‚B‚BEx“¨Ò0î GG~Ì'g]@*)qݶp‡è

¡z~Ãug$~z{Š,kqÝ7¶�Zq-ö_c*qƒug$ÃCìZÏzzÐLL‚¡z~óó~

‡è™r#Ðug$Æçn~™KäƒZìZq-§s‡è¡z~ZuZ¢gzZc*]f™™D�ZzgQ

39

Page 47: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Šzu~§sÎgÂVÆWy~ñçqZqŠg$ gcbf™™D�pŠzgZy‚‡è¡z~¹„

Á®ZŠ~ZuZ¢gzZc*]f™™D�ZzgÀòîg6,Zk£x6,ZuZ¢gzZc*]f™™D�˜VZuZ¢

gzZc*]ZzgŒÛWyÆ~_“ƒZzgQZÒ£â]6,ZuZ¢gzZc*]gz~Ô²z){‰®ZÖpÆ‚Bf™™D�‰ŒÛWyˆ~ì:

EQPD ™ÊøôÞ$ãø^Úövø†$ÚøèºÂø×ønûãôÜûœ…ûeøÃônûàø‰øßøè÷m$jônûãöçûáøÊôo]Ÿû*…ûšô—

)ÿšMZYkþÅi}Zy6,e:',kJ-wZxň@*�z{…yQ}i}~(X

ŒVi}Ð%ZŠšMZYkÅi}ìZ[Zk6,‡è¡z~ZuZ¢gzZc*]f™™D�:ZZ…æpœáÚç‰o‰^…eÂåeÛàeÏoÚàeßo]‰†]ñnØÊjx]…mv^ðæÎ^Ýeã^Ú^G^ð]Ö×ä$Ü

mçGÄeÂåÞfoæ]á]Ö×ä‰fv^ÞäœÚ†åeÏj^Ù Îf˜æÎnØ]ÞäÎf˜Êo]ÖjnäæÖÛ^]ìf†âÜe^á

ERPD! ]Örf^e†éÊŠ^…eãÜmçGÄXX

)gzZe$HŠHì�|]ñÏmZ?xµZuZLÆ$YäzZßVÃá™−Zg%YÃìHQz;Vgì�Zväe;QZæñ]WˆXZzgtÌňì��~ZégzbHƒðQ

µZuZLÊ~ˆ�|]-ÓZyƈÑ�ZzgZv¬àä‚g+ÃO™ä»¬Šc*ìQ-ÓZyÃá^7,}(X

ZϧbJgz]zâgz]�Šz�Ûº�ZyÆ!*g}~gzZe$f™™D�:ZZæ΂…æp]ÞãÛ^Ú%¡e>†màæ…ÒgÊnãÛ^]Ö>ãçéÊjÆ•^ŸÚ†ðémÏ^ÙÖã^]Öˆâ†é

ESPD! ÊvÛ×jã^Â×o]ÖÛÃ^‘oæ]Ö>†ÕXX

)gzZe$ì�ZyŠzâV�Û¤VÃZKã^Š~ˆQZy6,á]»„ƒŠHÂz{Zq-iCÙ{**ò6,X ¬Ôƒ‰ÂZkúg]äZy�Û¤VÃkH{ZzgC6,Z¸gZ(

šµ‡è™r#äZuZ¢gzZc*]ÜÅ�p«!*]Âì�ZyÆ;Vt¹„Á®ZŠ~�2pŠ„ZêüŧsZ�ág{HìX6�·@fI˜�:

ZZæ]Öfn–^æpÚÏØq‚]÷ÚàƒÒ†]Ö†æ]m^l]Ÿ‰†]ñn×nèæâçm’‚…]Ö†æ]mèeÏçÖä…æp]æ

ETPD! ÎnØ!!!!!!!!]GÃ^…Úßäe–ÃËã^XX

)¡z~ZuZ¢gzZc*]¹„Á®ZŠ~f™™D�ZzgZuZ¢gzZc*]Ãgz~c*²Æ‚Bf™

40

Page 48: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

™D��ZyÆ®ƒä»Z�ág{ì(X

ñçqgzZc*]»f™´)i&Blç

EI~äÎg>ÆZ!x6,ZÏÎg>Ť~ZqŠg$f™Å�Xaè‡è¡z~äLL‚¤sóó»

!-�÷EEZ(gHì‡è¡z~äÌi

&BlçEI~Æ

!-�÷EEÆ_.Îg>ÆZ!x6,®Zzgñ

çqZqŠg$f™™Š~�‰Îg>ÃBÆZ!x6,f™™D�XEUPD! ]á]Ößfo"#Ò^á]ƒ]Άð™æøŸø]Ö–$«Ö(nûàø—Î^ÙVgÚnàæ…ÊÄ‘çiä

pZkÐtÈ!*Ç:1Yñ�‡è¡z~Îg]ÆZ!x6,ƒÅƒZqŠg$ñç·f™™D�Éz{Zk£x6,ZqŠg$ÄÐÌZ+Ñw™D�6�Šg`fsug$ÃZâxgg~gzZe$™D�:

ELQD! ZZÚàΆð]¤mjnàÚàg솉ç…é]ÖfφéÊoÖn×èÒËj^åXX)TägZ]ÃÎg{•{ÅWy~ŠzWc*]7,³z{ZkÆa»°�(X

}òïŒÛWyÑ<Zsð»ãCŠ~zZzA–~.ìX"—ŒÛWy

 �+öE

Æn‚¡z~Zq-�{‚ 1X

ìX‡è¡z~ä´)YgZvi&Blç

EI~Å‚Å3™äÅÃÒÅìpi&BlçEI~Æ3à�Z+ 2X

ÅJ#¿ÅìX‡è¡z~»

!-�÷EE‚zZ|[¹„�{ìX‚¡z~DzZŠ[»uâtìX‡è¡z~ä 3X

ŒÛWyÆz�{ZÚiÃ6Z0+Zi~7HìX‡è¡z~äÎgÂVŽ~ñçqgzZe$ÜÅ�X�áh+Zmzzt̃�‡è¡z~à 4X

Exug$~'g]@*)qÝ7¶X

‡è¡z~äÝ�áwÅcz~™DƒñŠvW[ZzgSîZ¦s»gŠHìX 5X

41

Page 49: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

jjjjZZZZÙÙÙÙzzzzjjjjZZZZ!!!!YYYY]]]]ÔZÅ)»40î GEGZutÔayÔ2B05X eÇnè]ÖçÂ^éÊo›Ï^l]Ö×Ççmàæ]Ößv^é ±ïÔ†Z°Ý0Z!–)á°119|(Ô 1X

ÔŠZg™ŠgÛz]Ô1B2X u^Gnè]Ö>ã^hÂ×oiËŠn†]Öfn–^æp ØYÔÞ[Z−+Z£·)á°6901|( N!

ÔŠZgZÑ&b~zZÉ4lç EIzZpg$:ŠtÔÍ0+ZgŠÔ1B85X ÚÏ‚Úè]ÖÇ^mè]ÖÏ’çpF ZÔ¹Z−+Ô 4X

Ô`1B481X ]ÖÇ^mè]ÖÏ’çp ¡z~Ô**ÜZ−+†Zv0/)á°586|(Ô 5X

Ô1B26Ô36X ]ÖÇ^mè]ÖÏ’çpF ¡z~Ô 6X

Ô„ZÅ)4-öIE

�ZŠÔ1491YÔ4B011X Ò>Ì]Ö¿ßçá qYÑÔ½†Zv)á°7601|(Ô 7X

**x:õZ−+Z£0ZdZ�wZÎg',Š~ìrm,Æg�zZá‡è¡z~ÐDqÝHXzÃ]647|ì 8X

)Z0qŠÔ•gZ]Z¯KÚ°Z¶gðfKÚÔŠZgZÑÃtZÄCåEh+>Ûz]ayÔ6B841(XZzg ]Ö³³Û³ßã³³^t 7gZ**xþ:/0Z1k0-÷ZÔZ©ÔZ1ZØÌì346|ÃWfg!*�y~aZƒñ‡è¡z~Ð 9X

ÔŠZ],>ZšgsZÅš-)é I6©gW!*ŠŠÁ ]Ö³‚…]Ö³Ó³^ÊnèÊo]Ân^á]ÖÛ^ñè]Ö%^Úßè Å"®)ÅX)Z0vÔ Æ³^mè]ÖÏ’çp

¸g]9431|Ô3B651(X

qƒZ0v?ãäf™Hì�i+Z−+ZÅŸ5ÀöE

‡è¡z~Æ�á¤/Šgì�)Z0vÔZ−gZÃBÔ2B223(X 01X

ÔŠZgZÅ�?çEÉÒ‹5éE”îGzZÉ4lç

EIzZpi$ ›f³Ï³³^l]Ö>³³^ʳÃnè]ÖÓf³†pF ZÅk5ÀöEÔ@*`Z−+†ZßJ[0i)á°177|(Ô 11X

3141|Ô8B851X

ÔŠZgZËÛz]0991YÔ1B681ÔigÔíZ−+0úŠ)á° (Ò>Ì]Ö³³³³¿³³³³ß³³³³çá qYÑÔ½0†Zv 21X

ÔŠZgZŸ&4èGGEÛz]0891YÔ4B011X ]ŸÂ¡Ý 6931|(Ô

ÔŠZgZ§YZnZ_Z²!Ûz] ]Þ³³ç]…]Öj³³ß³ˆm³Øæ]‰³†]…]Öj³^æm³Ø ¡z~Ô**ÜZ−+†Zv0/Ôá°586|Ô 31X

8141|Ô1B32X

ÔŠZgZÅ3¨é IG£îEGZ−z<¢Ô4991YÔm:701X ]ÖjËŠn†æ…q^Öä Z0¬ØgÔÃåÔ 41X

ZsÔm55X 51X

)1(qí�~)2(qíZ0ZÊ-+B5åGEG)3(qíZØè)4(qíZ−ï)5(qíZÆâã)6(qíZÕzZã)8( 61X

qír3œî EEGZv)9(q_0î IGGZÅZâã)01(q_0î IGGZÑh+´)11(qíZ¬Š¹)21(qíÊ-ABðEEEZã)31(qíZ–zg~

)41(q_0î IGGZ>à)51(q_0î IGGZ4xZÓèXZyjZÙÆ´z{Šv$›Ò3¨é GGG]�)qYÑÔÙZÅ‹3ð

EEyÔ`1Xm:

681@*391(

5†ZÔ(ÈK',R0*uzyÆ�gF,+fY~Ð�XZy»**x†ZÔ0ÒZ−+á°8601|ìZy 71X

Ô`5Ôm3212(X ]ÖÛç‰çÂè]ÖÆenè]ÖÛnŠ†é ŹÏ@*c]�X)&zZCÔ$h4è GGEÔeZËÔqíØYÔZ£0·0/ZHzs\£é I[Z−+™Y»ìzÑŠ]779|ZzgzÃ]9601|ìqíÞ[»7gZ 81X

42

Page 50: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

óó)qYÑÔÙZÅ‹3ðEEyÔ`1Ôm881(X Âß^mè]ÖÏ^•oÒË^mè]Ö†]•oÂ×oG†|]Öfn–^æp **xLL

Ô`1Ôm32 ]Þç]…]Öj߈mØ ¡z~Ô 91X

ZÏÔ`1B82X 02X

ZÏÔ1B82X 12X

Îg>ZÂ{Ô2:73X 22X

Ô1B37ÔÎg>ZѲZsÔ7:32X ]Þç]…]Öj߈mØ ¡z~Ô 32X

Îg>ZÑÅxÔ6:28X 42X

Îg>%yÔ13:31Ô¡z~Ô1B071X 52X

Ô1B461X ]Þç]…]Öj߈mØ ¡z~Ô 62X

Îg>ZÂ{Ô2:712X 72X

Îg>Zp!îEGÔ9:5X 82X

Ô1B731X ]Þç]…]Öj߈mØ ¡z~Ô 92X

ZÏÔ1B731X 03X

Îg>ZÂ>Ô2:572X 13X

Ô1B261X ]Þç]…]Öj߈mØ ¡z~Ô 23X

ZÏÔ2B711X 33X

,ÆaŠ&ÀŸ/õ GG:ZÏÔ1B931X 43X

ZÏÔ1B73 53X

ZÏÔ1B82X 63X

Îg>ZÂ{Ô2:22X 73X

Ô1B55X ]Þç]…]Öj߈mØ 83X

Îg>ZÂ{Ô2:2X 93X

ÔŠZg2[ ]Ö³Ó>³^ͳàuÏ^ñÐÆç]Ú˜]Öj߈mØ Ô`1B63Ôi&BlçEI~ÔúŠ0/)á°835|(Ô ]Þ³ç]…]Öj߈mØ 04X

Z²!Ûz]Ô7041|Ô1B43X

Ô1B63 ]Þç]…]Öj߈mØ 14X

ZsÔ1B141X 24X

ZÏÔ1B73X 34X

Ô`1Ôm14X ]Þç]…]Öj߈mØ ¡z~Ô 44X

Îg>ZÓZ+{Ô5:62X 54X

43

Page 51: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

2B221X ]Þç]…]Öj߈mØ( ¡z~Ô 64X

ZÏÔ2B97Ô87 74X

ZÏÔ2B221ÔtñçqgzZe$ìX 94X

Ôg¶Z�g$2274Ô`4Ôm4191Ô„Zú)Šw7891YX ‘vnx]Öfí^…p gg~Ô·0Z"³Ô 05X

44

Page 52: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

áááá$$$$úúúúJJJJ

LLLLtttt~~~~åååå6666,,,,))))~~~~AAAAZZZZ‚‚‚‚2222»»»»óóóóYYYY^,,,,{{{{Research Review of The Contemporary Authoring

Styles on Khasais e Nabavi(Prophet

Muhammad~~~~VVVV 's Characteristics)

/ eZËð¡a

ABSTRACT

The life of Prophet(~V ) is the complete and comprehensive role

model for human being. He possesses Qura'nic Characteristics. He has

some distinguish attributes those nobody else has in the human history.

To convey the personality of Prophet(~V ) to the offspring, likewise

the old scholars, Many scholars of modern time wrote books on the

different aspect of characteristic of Prophet(~V )with the diversity of

methodologies. Some focused on collecting His(~V )attributes wherever

they found in the books without critical analysis of traditions, while the

others tried to sift the Prophetic Traditions and collect the authentic of them.

Some authors paid attention to present attributes in dialectic method

whereas the others formed them on scientific way. It is noteable here that

orientalists also worte on the topics whethe in positive or in negative form.

The article is an effort to point out the contemporary work done by

the scholars in collecting the characteristics of Holy Prophet(~V ).Moreover,

it draws the attention towards the qualities and problems of the work done

on the topic, as it recomends that the topic should be dealt and presented

with the authentic and basic sources. All it is analyzed briefly.

/ZÁÏZf$6,zWÔуg»Ò',ZñpZ&-Eg;ÔуgÔ0*ÎyX

45

Page 53: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

gÎw0*u-ZvmzÅŧ‹Ig�ÔW\åÅfZ‹IguÔW\åÅt]zÆe${m¾w»ŠgzgBbìTÃZq†î0’k,zï~Ñä»�Û9Z!ïGL·tåäp[Z�xŠc*ìXá$ú

JLt~åÃ’k,~Ñä»

0Z|[tì�ZyÆ!*g}~ŒÛWyzgzZc*‹Ä~ÐZ~.™**ÑixìXZk§b�uF,KM0*ñ

Çz{„Z!ïGL·tZzg]ZK+MÆaZk!*[~Ç!-:

÷EXEƒÇXtQ|[ÒyZ(g™ä»ÑZzA

§]gÎw-ZvmzÅÃÇÇWÒ{YVJ-à**ìXŠzuZѧ]gÎw-ZvmzÅÅ|

ÐWÇ{ƒ**Zzg¬%îGZÜkÃZkÐWÇ{™**ìXŠZÑZnqgÎw-ZvmzÅÆZë�Û9»Šgu

qÝ™**ìX

ð®ZÅ+A.ð Eqá÷ºò�gÎw0*u-ZvmzÅÆ�z{Zy]Zñgzç5]~�áï

�X»åZŠgZuözŠZKã=Æa**eìYèZk!*[~¹¼Zñ§ÃzR»Š4ìXZk

¯6,Zk*y6,ZVä~ZôoÑixìX

ŒÛWȈ~Zv¬\äZk!*g}~�Z0+ZiZ(g�Ûâc*ìZjZáÐÎg>Zâ~-V�Ûâc*ì:

)1( — æøÚø^møßû_ôÐöÂøàô]ÖûøçFp o Úø^•øØ$‘ø^uôföÓöÜûæøÚø^ÆøçFp o æø]Öß$rûÜô]ôôƒø]aøçFp ™

tYìÒyZyá÷»ÄZyìXÐ{ÅþLÇägÎwZ™x-ZvmzÅÃé�Ûâc*ìX

Zq-Zzg )2( ™]ôôÞ$«]øÂû_ønûßFÔø]ÖûÓøçû$ø†ø— Švá÷~ÐZq-ZkWe$Ig�~Òy�Ûâc*ŠHì:

æø…øÊøÃûßø^ ™ Zzgt�: )4( — æøìø^iøÜø]Öß$fônùàø ™ 2�Ûâc*: )3( ™ÂøŠF³oœáûm$fû³Ãø%øÔø…øe%ÔøÚøÏø^Ú÷^ÚøvûÛöçû9÷]— £x6,�Ûâc*:

5( )û ÖøÔøƒôÒû†øÕø

gÎwZv-ZvmzÅä�Ûâc*: Q

ZZœÂ³_n³kì³ÛŠ³^Ö³Üm³Ã³_ãàœu‚Îf×oVeÃ%k]Öo]¢uÛ†æ]¢‰ç9(æÞ’†le^Ö†Âg

ÚnŠ³†³éJ`³†æq³Ã³×³kÖ³o]¢…šÚŠr‚]æ›`ç…]æ]u×kÖ±]ÖÇß^ñÜæÖÜivØÖfß±Ò^áÎf×±(

æ]³_n³k]ÖQ³Ë^Âè(æ]ÞäÖn‹Úàeßo]Ÿæ΂‰ªÙJË^ÂjäæZÞo]ì†lJË^Âj±ÊrÃ×jã^ÖÛàÚ^l

! )6( ŸmQ†Õe^Ö×äJnò^XX

Zq-Zzg(�Ûâc*:ZZʳ–³×³k³׳o]¢Þfn³^ðeŠ³kVœÂ³_n³kqç]ÚÄ]ÖÓ×Ü(æÞ’†le^Ö†Âg(æœu×kÖ±

! )7( ]ÖÇß^ñÜ(æqÃ×kÖo]Ÿ…šÚŠr‚]æ›`ç…]朅‰×k]Öo]Öí×ÐÒ^ÊèæìjÜe±]ÖßfnçáXX46

Page 54: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

V Zq-Zzgug$ì

ZZœÞ³^œæÙJ³Ën³Äʳo]Ö³r³ßèÖ³Üm’‚ÑÞfoÚà]¢Þfn^ðÚà‘‚Îkæ]áÚà]ŸÞfn^ðÞfn^Ú^

! )8( m’‚ÎäÚàœÚjä]Ÿ…qØæ]u‚XX

èÃg{!*ÑWc*]zZqŠg$~gÎwZv~VÆá÷ºòÒyK²/õY

G�XZϧbŒÛWyˆZzggzZc*]Ä~gÎwZv~VÆá÷�ÒyK‰�ZyÆ_¬Ðظì�tñçq

,t~~VÆ!*g}~¥â]�ÛZë™äÆÒpÐZÌ»qïìXZkZÌÆ7ÃZzZb

ŠzgÆfY™Zxäá÷tt6,�Ã’k,XZy~Z~.gzZe$ÆZßßVÃÌæÃg3XZy~ÐP

ÃÆ**xŠg`fs�:

J†Í]ÖÛ’_ËoF!!!!ÚvÛ‚eà]e†]anÜÞnQ^µç…p{

D| 9ŸñØ]Ößfçéý]eç9]ñç9]ÖŠrŠj^Þo{EÝQSN

)x672|( ]¡Ý]Ößfçéý]eàÎjnfè]Ö‚mßç…p{

)x034|( 9ŸñØ]Ößfçéý]eçÞÃnÜ]‘Ë`^Þo{

)x854|( 9ŸñØ]Ößfçéý]Öfn`Ïo{

)x408|( { Æ^mè]ÖŠçÙÊoì’^ñ“]Ö†‰çÙ"#!!!!]eà]ÖÛ×Ïà

�áï�X )x119|( ì’^ñ“]ÖÓf†pFý]ÖŠnç›o{

ZyÃÆ_¬Æ‚B‚BZZŠzZg~�áùƒäzZàÃÆY,}ÐZZ0+Ziz

Z‚2’k,‚tWD�XX~9zßZ‚2»êZy~gzZc*]Ã�áï™äÆZßßVÅgzÝ~ÌÎc*YYìZzgZsxÆãCŠ~o{g‚ªÃæÃgę̃YìXŠz§].h+~̧]gÎw~V6,

ZylZzgZtg¶K‰�XZy~Ðá÷z7Z]t~å6,Šg`ÃÅîsz„ìXábt~~VÌZkŠzg»{m*yìTÆ�<Lt~ÆZÍØVÃZ#ÖÆ‚tÑc*ŠHìX

].h+Šzg~á÷zZqÐiZ‹gÎw~V6,ãCŠ~îg6,ŠzZ0+Zi~Ã’k,ÅYg„�:

xà 1X

:E+™{ 2X

xÃ~W8g-ZvmzÅŧ]0*uÆZyUîVÃZÌŠ~ˆì�¿Æ‚B47

Page 55: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ºm�X

¯òZ0+Zi].h+ŠzgÆdgD**]ä¬@p=VÔ(ϲz`zizZwZzgçÙÎaÆiZz-Vл°u

J-ZW,JwHìXtZW,§]Å’k,~Ì0*c*Y@*ìX›âVÆizZwÆ‚BZk~I¾ÔYgq:6Ô”‹’k,ZzgòZ0+Zi�áHX´)(òãÅ"§>Z#åTÅ¢Îx¦Ñy0+z~òä’k,

ŶZkÅZq-VwìXtÂ[TŠzg~’k,ňz{°Z"',R0*uzy~›âVÆizZw»ŠzgåXZkÂ[~dz¯òZ0+ZiÐá÷t~å6,ZÖgìwHŠHìXtŠzg‚³F,¹ÆW¸i»ŠzgåX

].h+Ex~=ÃZâx¯c*Y[åXZka=Åú»‚ây7{Å|Ôt]zg‚ªÅ›+MZzg

X )9( gÎw0*u~VÅfZ]Ig�Ð{mZqÐiZ]ÆÒy~ÌHŠH§>Z¼Ô·ZŠgö»0+z~òÅ@*;ìXZkÂ[~7Z]zá÷t~~V6,gzÝeZàˆ

ìXZk»Z0+ZiÜ:ìT~ÑŠ–Ð%ú[f‚Ã#¥HŠHìX].h+Z‚2§]~Ðt

Q|[úc*VìXZÏQ|[ÃZ(g™äzZßV»ÑZšrÆ‚B‚BŠÃqÌìX·ZŠgö»0+z~

Zq-£x6,&À.5ÿG

GLŠ+Æ*yÆÒy~-Vg¶§Zi�:

LLZzgª#ÖJ-ÆaŠ*ÃZq-Z(»ïZzgåŠ2g)ªÑ<(Š}‰�ZyÆŠ+ZzgŠ*ÅZ&bz#b»ÓìZzgZkÆ›ëzŠ‡ëZzgZuZg

z¬ÃŠN™Š*ªZyìÔª#ÖJ-7WäzZázZu]»¬Ñ<·tå

Ð¥xƒYìXfY·Šz»gòÆ0*kÃðÑ<„7TÂtgÄ™fYZ#ÖZzg�YIŧb:òŠ}ÃXZkz‰Ü»gòÆ0*k

Ñ<»ÃðD7TÅgzÐz{:òŠ}Ã;V»gòÆ0*kÅz

wÄZzg»g~¤/~ÆExz.y�XxZãZzg˜V!*ãZzg°w/ZãÆ0

ZyÆ0*kÃðW�ã‡ây7�TÅgzÐz{Š*~°wzZ»sÆ‚BÓ#Ö™ÃXf!ZZxÆ0*k�Š2gìz{PZI„ÆZ°g

ZzgìÑ]»³ìXÑ$šï GGLZsðŧbW�yÐ**iw”{Ãð‡âyZy

X )01( Æ0*k7óó48

Page 56: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ìXZk~½7gZ0+Zi óóóóóóóó åååå ]]]]ÖÖÖÖ³³³³ççççuuuu³³³³oooo]]]]ÖÖÖÖ³³³³ÛÛÛÛ³³³³vvvvÛÛÛÛ‚‚‚‚pppp LL èÃg{Q|[ÅZq-ZzgVw·gægŸÅ"ЊæzòQ|[Z(gHŠHìX

ÆÄZyÆ�Â[Æ™936,Z,V XX ]Ö³ÃÏØæ]ÖÃ×Ü]ÖfQ†pŸmÇßn^áÂàâ‚]mè]Ö†‰Ø ZZ

ä–ì:

ZZÞ³ÃÜÖÓ؃ÖÔœ‘Øm%fjä]Öj^…mî]ÖÛ^•o(æmQã‚å]ÖÃ’†]Öv^•†!

æÖ³Ó³àenàâ‚]mè]¢Þfn^ðæuÓÛè]ÖvÓÛ^ðæÂ×çÚãÜʆæÎ^ÊoÚ’‚…

Ò³ØÚ³ßã³Û³^(æʳo]Ö%³Ïèe³’vjä(æÊo]¦ƒÂ^áÖvÏnÏäæÊoiª$n†åÊo

œÞË‹qÛnÄ›fÏ^l]ÖÛí^›fnàÊvÓÛè]ÖvÓÛ^ðæÂ×çÚãÜu…]ðeQ†mè

X )11( Þ^Î’èýÊ¡mÓçáÖã^iª$n†]¦mÛ^áæZ‰¡Ý]¦ƒÂ^áæ]ÖjÃf‚!XX

ábt~»Òyá&ÿ

JLt~åÆÒyÆjZáÐZq-Æ»xeZË·†Zt»ìXT»ÄZyLLZÎÒgÎwZ™x

-ZvmzÅþþóóìXZk"~\B{3ïIE

GGLgÎw-ZvmzÅÆiÍØVÃZôoЊg`HŠHìX¬x

ûZ0+Zi~¬%îGZÁÆaá÷t~åÆZkUÃT»mZnqÆ‚B{mìÔ%A$HŠHXtZzgZkZ0+Zi6,’k,™Š{Ãz‰ÜÅ¢zg]�XZ+ÃCÙi!*y~’k,ÅYãeÂ@*�x )21( ì

gÎw-ZvmzÅÅZÌZkŠzg~CkÅYnX

ZZÚ³à‘Ë^l]Ö†‰çÙ‘×o ²!£?~ÐZkZ0+Zi6,’k,™Š{Zq-Â[©†ZvZÅš©3§ö

EGEÅ

X )31( ì ]Ö×äÂ×näæ‰×Ü]Öíô×Ïnèæ]Öíö×ÏnèXX

].h+ŠzgZܹi1Vq໊zgìXZܪ]Ã**LÆeäYqÐx/ƒ`�X

ÑŠ–ÆZܹ¦gä„qÝ™1ìT»³].h+±"C{)bÅßg]~ŠÙƒñi0+{

ìX].h+Zܹ)b»iGZÜtzZÎÒ·~åÃZCä~ìXZk|Æ7Ã].h+§]ógzV

äá&ÿJ

Lt~å6,Ã’k,Å�XZyûZ0+ZidZzg¦:ìXeZËaZ£œjÅ"LL“‹

g‚ªóóZkÅZq-VwìXZkÂ[~yZÜtÔ;Š~»ï-ZvmzÅÆZz[W�Û,xÅi^ÃZY¤/HŠHìXW\åÅfZ]0*uкmÚW\å»Óx˜âVÆaу**ìXZkbÅ

zŸs#Ç].h+ÆÚø~eZËaZ£œj-V™D�:49

Page 57: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

LL—gZ™x-ZvmzÅaèLLr=2+k,Zóó¬@Ñ�XZkaW\å»xÌZg�áŠ}.Zz0+~

Æ_.¬@ìZzg7g~âqZKãÆaÔaèZKãi0+ϹЇV6,”ìZzgW\~V»x

ZKãi0+ÏÆCÙZzgñh6,gÉZßw7™@*ìZkai0+ÏÅzŒVÆjZáÐW\~VÆx

X )41( ÅzŒVÃ@e7óó

ZϧbZq-»ŠÂ[LL9Zsx~VZzgZÜtõóóìT~§]©ÆÒy~R

jZßVÐæŠàˆìXqƒfZ@ZäZkÂ[Ã~ÂzÆ‚BF,KMŠc*ìXZkÂ[ÅZq-S¤

X )51( tÌì�Zk~§]©ÆZUzV6,dWÌ�áïÅì

o]ÆZÖg»Z|[YìÌ]z¾Ñ]ÔÈg”z@Ze$Ô9ZWzWy~VÅZ#ÖÅplÁìW\~V»ZkŠzg

~¬_ƒ**XW\~VÅZ#ÖW\~VÅ»Š,ÐG»ÑizZw_./gBbìXOçá÷z

ZqÐiZ]t~å6,’k,HYäzZÑic*Š{F,ZŠ[!{3¨4èEE

GEÆfZC_.!*]ÆZÖgÐ{à7ìXtQ|[’k,

&+Z‹pŠ’k,»Zq-�á‚gìXúŠ]Í-öIEÅ’k,ŒV�§%:Šg`ÅYCì:

ZZJí’nè…‰çÙ]Ö×ä‘×o]Ö×äÂ×näæ‰×ÜÚ^ƒ]œÂßoe„ÖÔ]ÖÛŠÛo[

œÂ³ßoeä]ÖçÎçÍÊoìQçÅœÚ^ݜ¿ÜÚàÚQoÂ×o¾`†â^æÖÜœJÆ

ʳoun^ioe^ÖíçÍmÛ£Êoæ]Ö†Âgmvj^qßoÚ%ØJÃç…pæœÞ^œu^æÙ

i³×Ô]Ö³Û³v³^æÖè]ŸÞjv^…mèƒÖÔœáJªá…‰çÙ]Ö×ä‘×o]Ö×äÂ×nä

扳׳ÜÖn³‹]Ú†‰ã¡æŸâçe^ÖÛnŠç…]Ö‚ìçÙZÖoœÞç]…åÊ^á]Öí×Ð

q³Ûn³Ã³^ÚŠj³çm^le×ÇèÂ’†Þ^œæÚÏ^Ú^le×ÇèœâØ]Öç‘^Ùæ]Öç‘çÙ

æγ‚œæi³o…‰³çÙ]ֳ׳䑳×o]Ö×äÂ×näæ‰×ÜœÂ×o]ÖÛŠjçm^l朅ÊÄ

]ֳ۳ϳ^Ú³^le³ß³“γçÙ]ֳ׳³äi³Ã^Öo™ÂøŠFoœáûm$fûÃø%øÔø…øe%ÔøÚøÏø^Ú÷^

X )61( óó Ú$vûÛöçû9]÷—ÚÏ^Ú^mvÛ‚ÕÊnä]¢æÖçáæ]¤ì†æá

)ZoZ|[’k,\B{0îIE

GGZ°Îw~VÆÒy~äI¾»Z0+ZiÌZCc*ìXTÅ@*G~Ü™Š{gzZc*]zZZw

ÆY,}Ð!{3¨4èEE

GEÅ"6,zZðZzg°xZôoŶKyŠ„̃CìXÒ]Ð’k,™Š{ÃX~50

Page 58: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

7Z]zá÷t~å»ÒyìZy~ZkgDyÅj,(ËÀ˜Á„ňìTÆË~úZxäZ#

e;Zzg‰e;Zk**iuZzg"ñçq6,Ò]ЖT6,',¦/h+{fYzpZmÆÌZOŠ7gnpX

ZZì³’³^ñ³“]Ö³Û³’_ËoF‘×o]Ö×äÂ×näæ‰×Üenà Zk)ZoQ|[’k,ÆgŠ~Zq-Â[

X )71( @*;Åì�™Št0·0Z',Z Åïì XX ]ÖÇ×çæ]ÖrË^ð

Zk~Šg`fsï]ŶKyŠ„ÅìXÆ!*g}~!{3¨4èEE

GEZ�ÛZozy»Dgƒ‰�X

á÷t~åÆ!*g}~� 1X

Z"mt~åÆ!*g}~‘:x 2X

ZqÐiZ]t~åÆK~Ã:Q|[ 3X

Æ"ìGGLgÎw-ZvmzÅÆ00c*:Z°g 4X

®zñçqgzZc*]6,Z®gZzg9gzZc*]ÐÑdX 5X

èÃg{ï]z{�X~!{3¨4èEE

GEäá÷zZqÐiZ]t~åÆÒy~»l3ðìZk»iŒÛWyÔ<LZzgx™GÆûzZŠgZuÆZnq~ì�Šg„ìX

Zk¿ÒyƈZyx£?»f™HY@*ì�á÷z7Z]t~å6,Ç].h+~�{Ô&bZ−+úŠZ‚ÅLL7Z] )81( óó ZŸ†�XZy~£~Z−%ZlÅÂ[LL7Z]Z°Îw~V

Ô†Z+m,ZÅ3›éIwÅ" )02( óó Ô!{‹§ö

EW%ZŠÅÂ[LLZÄ>.ç

EEZÅ3¨4è GGGE°7Z]Z#ZÑ}~V )91( óó Z°Îw~V

Ô™Ô0Z£gŸÅ )22( óó Zzg†Z>úŠÅ"LLŠÑbZÉ43ð EE>z7Z]Z°Îw~V )12( óó LL7·gÎwZv~V

z){�áï�X )42( óó ·;gzyçztÅ"LLS:]!{‹§öE

W~V )32( óó LLZÑÚiZÅ›Ð+ö°ZwZÉ43ð EEt~V

x£?Æ’k,~gD**]~ÐZq-»mQ#ÖƤ/z„ÃtÐÌìXZkÆ�!{3¨4è

EEGEäZL7gzîVÆZ°gÅ@*G~Ã’k,Å�XÁûZ¾mZkjZáлl»Dg̃D�ZzgfZCgZñ»"ÑvZÖgÌ™D�XZq-Šzu}öKUW̯D�ZzgŠ´½Ã:1

ÌeZs�XZ,gDyÅZ&bÅ¢zg]6,ÌÂz%Ãi™ZðYCìX

æÜZ0+Zi’k,:Ã~á÷t~å6,ŒWc*]ÅzŸs#~÷§ÔÑz—ug$Zzg§>Z#å6,

£?~ñ�ŠZ1Z[�áï�X°Z"tz"uŠgz7»qïìYè·§ÔÑz—ug$51

Page 59: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Zzgµ3ïGEL§]’k,™**fYzpZm»»xìXZyÆZ0+Zi’k,~0*ðYäzZàÏÐZ.Š{"uƃ@*

ìXâèŒÛd$Ƭ¦Z£Œòö_ŠŠ~ÅZq-’k,�g%:ŒVÜÅYCìT~ZrVä£x

úŠÅzŸs#-VÅì:LLx еZâxZ£òZzgF,è~ò~Z1CÙk,{gèZvÅÐgzZe$ì�ô/

gèZveäWÀ]~VÐ7Y�£xúŠÐH%ZŠìXW\~Vä

�Ûâc*�tz{£xì�}.ZŧsÐ'+£éG

g}Ñ~VÃË®)ÅŠ¬™ä

X )52( Æa5ìóó

¬+z�ág±»Z0+Zi%¥ÆÒpЗƒ@*ìXZyÅY+$ÐI¾Wö’k,Á„©¬x6,

WCìXá÷zZqÐiZ]»*y{md*yìXZkÅ™Æaì+z�ág±ÐZ.Š{

ÆìX

‡ZÑjf~ÑbZnè~~†Z°ÝòIgu7g~äug$:

ZZÚ%×oæÚ%Ø]¢Þfn^ðÒ†qØeßo9]…]ʪÒÛ×ã^ýXX

ÅzŸs#t�Ûâðì: ZZÖfßèXX ~ÂZZÎn³Ø]ÖÛQfäeäæ]u‚æ]ÖÛQfäqÛ^ÂèÊÓnÌ‘x]ÖjQfnä[æqç]eäœÞä

q³Ã³Ø]¢Þfn³^ðÒ†qØæ]u‚¢ÞäŸmjÜÚ^œ…]9]ÖjQfnäZŸe^Âjf^…]ÖÓØ(

X )62( æÒ„ÖÔ]Ö‚]…ŸijÜZŸe^qjÛ^Å]Öfßn^á!XX

à:»Z0+ZiÒyZÒŠZzg‚³F,¹ÆŠzg~à:Zzg].h+e$Ð%ú[!{3¨4è

EEGEä,t~å»Y,{fe

ƒñ=Æ£gZ]»–gZ1ìX].h+ÑŠ=è<ØÆ7ZCUÐZïg™CìXz{ïÆ].h+ Z0+Zi”gs™ZCìZzgZLZ0+ZiÐZUîVЧ]»Y,{gìX].h+ŠzgÅàt

Å£?ZkÅVw�X~gÎw0*u~VÊ*z~Òpлx[=Æ Karen Armstrong

X )72( îg6,ÒyHì

§]ÆizZܹUîVÆá÷Ãà:äp[uZ;ì1‰|Z]äWÌÅìX›y§]ógzVäZyÅWZzgZyŧsÐKYäzZáZ‹ZŸ]»�Z[Šc*ìt�Z[

52

Page 60: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

].h+‚³Z0+Ziïŧi6,ÌŠc*ŠHì�ZqÐi~Z0+Zig‚rìXZkK~Zq-Â[‚w·ç0ÅìT~Z,Vä].h+à:ÆZ‚26,-cÅìX "Jabal Muhammad Buaben"

Z,Vä°xƒÔ°x_.!*LMZzgÑe$Ãè<ØSîZsxZzggÎwZv-ZvmzÅÆ_¬ÅãCŠÃZëŒÛZgŠïƒñ–ì:

"In the study of Islam and certainly of the Prophet

(PBUH) this observation should be taken seriously,

otherwise the real Muhammad might be missed )82( .

ZkQ|[ÒyÐ_“g‚rƒZQ|[eZˆZØŠgŒãÆ8ZÝe~Æó£á»ìXT~Z,Väà:ŧsÐ\B{0î

IEGGZ°Îw~V6,K‰.V»Y,{7HìXz{˜�:

LLŒÛWyäWÀ]-ZvmzÅÅfZ]ÃñëVÆaZÎÒõŒÛZgŠc*

YèZyÅfZ]¤/ZòïZÜtŒÛWã¶Xpaèf[äDÙZg‚wÐ

ic*Š{˜[ÒãŶZkat[Zk§bZyÆgvzg8~'ŠHå�Z#ZsxÅ|ZyÆ‚tWðÂZÐÌPäÑXZ,Vä

˜VZk!*]ÃtH�ïf!ÔZsxŦk,~ßg8-Zzg¼}

Ýl�UZEw™D�z�tÌìÐ!*i:Wñ�tVà™ŠZg§]Zzg

èi~ÅæŠÐF,KMŠc*ŠHìXZkV~ZqŠg$»;BìXÆfg)

™ŠZgÆZëUúc*VK‰�Xf!e°iäS¤Æ‚BZqŠg$»W~_·HXZ,VäZk~@*g+B3ï GE

GGňlÅZzgQt¬ÎŠc*�9ZqŠg$**‡.ÞZ±g�X�áh+Zka�f!¦gÅ@*G7™‰X

gÎwZv~VÆ!*g}~z{Z#ÃðzZ§7,_�ÂyÆ.Þ6,Ãð:X )92( ÃðZ‹ZnaZ™fe�óó

ZkK~Zq-Zzg¤/ZVŠg»x;ZŒÛ7»ì2Väf!WógzVÆŠúîV»æÜ�Z[

Å« " Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his Western Cristics" ’k,HìXZKÂ[

¢~z{›~zZ^Æ@*g+

÷GE

L§]6,.V»�Z[ZkZ0+ZiЊï�:53

Page 61: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

" Watt has made it out as if it was all a question of some

economic or political considerations which weighed

with both sides. This is a gross distortion of history by

givinig simple matters of facts of history a wrong

and standing twist just to 'float' his fantastic

hypotheses and foist 'motives' on the head of the

Prophet where there was no soon for such worldly

aggrandiscment" )03( .

‚³§iï»ZEw‚³§iï6,’k,™Š{;ZŒÛ7Åt"ì�Zk!*]6,ŠÑª™Cì�›yf‚�

].h+Z0+ZizExÅcÄqÝ™@*ìz{›ë+B{}éGE]ttå6,iãZk§i6,™@*ì�Zg»ðp=V»Zq©

™}XZk»Šgu8©3©ïG

GGGL+B{}éGE‹ttå6,'×h+ZƒY@*ìXZk»6,ZOŠƒ™ÄŒÛ¤k6,gzZVƒ@*ìX

Z(»x§]ógzV~»Š£xg‚rìXZkÅZq-VwŠZgZ?xÅ�áù™Š{"ìTÆ!í³¢Z°ÝIgu7g~�ZzgZk»Zôm,~F,À+ "When the Moon Split"

uZ`Ôâ¡gleÍZzg$+gZWW!*Š~äHìXtÂ[YO&VÔæïÔ£zk,ZzgjZ!Y]Ð6,

X( 13 )ì

Š*z].h+Z‚Å3ïGEL’k,»Zz6,%:7HŠHìXŒV!*Ñ"gŠ*z].h+Z‚2Æœuz»Š

ZzgúŠZÅhÍ-öIEÅ ZZ9Ÿñ³³³Ø]Ö³³³ßf³³³ç³³éXX UîV»E+™{HY@*ìX÷}7ÃZÉ

4-A§ö EGXG)x854|(Å@*;ìZk¿Y,}Ð¥xƒ@*ì�Š*z].h+§]óg9 ZZJí’nè]Ö†‰çÙ‘×o]Ö×äÂ×näæ‰×ÜXX

ZW~VÆá÷ÆÒy~ZŠ[zZ�ZxÔŠHcZ›ÒyÔZ"gÔ}ŠguZzgZôoлxfe

�XËîgòçV~7Zj½:„mg]pZ;:Z0+ZiZ(g™D�XŠ*z].h+Ã~ZÐZŠ~U

»m].h+§]ógzVÆZ(g~Zˆ‚]ÐìXŠÚ~Wc*ì�].h+§]ógzV~PgD**]

�Z¤/p67�Zg»ðîg6,”h+ƒ‰�X~WZzgîs¯òçVÃ�áïHYYìX

6,ñ�Š’k,~uât‡.ÞŠgìXT~6,g å ð®ZÅ+A.ð Eq].h+§]óg~~á÷·t

54

Page 62: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ï]6,Âz%Ãi™ZðˆìX',R~§]óg~»�ŠzgZÞ,œ~ÐÑzqƒZZk~Ñ�Z[dzX )23( ó»z/‚tWð���,œ~J-"Vw²z`J-¬ˆ�

].h+Z»ŠZ‚2zgD**]~ÐZkQ|[»ÌZ^wÃð7ì&Z',Z lO7g~

ZzgŠvZssäZ(gHìXT~ŒÛWȈQZqŠg$ÄÃÜHŠHìZzgQZyÆZëï]ÅJ³Û³^ñ³Ø]Ö³Û³’_ËoF ÌZ(gHŠHìXz™0îEGZ²85ÐöGÅÂ[LL zŸs#ÅìXtQ|[].h+Šzg~

X )33( ZkÅ].h+ì XX ‘×o]Ö×äÂ×näæ‰×Ü

²Zq-Â[LL&Î7Z]óóÆÄZyÐZ£Gä%A$ÅìXZk~ŒÛWyZzgug$Ð

X )43( Z+Ñw™DƒñZq-z„‚’k,~Ñðˆì

ŒÛZyˆ~û§]Æe~�@Ze$QìZkÆ_.ZkK~¡=Ãgɯ**ŠZøq~7ìXZka�ñg2VäZKi0+Ï~=ÃÄgZ{¯c*ZyÆ!*g}~ZkK~Zv¬\ä�Ûâc*ì:

]øÝûmø³Ïö³çûÖöçûáøJø^Âô†ºÞ$jø†øe$“öeôä…ømûgø o Êø³„øÒôù³†ûÊø³Ûø³«]øÞûkøeôßôÃûÛøkô…øeôùÔøeôÓø^aôàõæ$ŸøÚørûßöçûẠ™

]øÝûiø³³ûÚö³†öaö³Üû]øuû¡øÚöö³ÜûeôF„øu]øÝûaöÜûÎøçûݺ o Îö³Øûiø³†øe$³’ö³çû]Êø³³ôôÞôù³oûÚø³Ãø³Óö³ÜûÚôù³àø]ÖûÛöjø†øeôù’ônûàø o ]Öû³Ûø³ßöçûáôX )53( — ›ø^Æöçûáø

:Ã�ÛâDgcYèW\ZL6,zgŠÇgÆaÐ:»‚�Zzg: )

7yXHt)ñg(ë��t�á²�ZzgëZyÆ0¤/Š¶iâ:Ƴ�X)Z}gÎw(W\�ÛâŠØ�?ZOg™zZzg~Ì'+£é

Gg}‚BZOg™@*

ƒVXHZyÅ“¨Ó4èG

GZyø)·!*'(2C�c*tÑk,ßv�(X

×zïÔZ.Š{zZõ[ZzgÜz‹tÆaÌZ¤/p=лx¢8**¦/k,ƒ@*ì1ŒVZ�ág{

Zk=ÆZEw»ì�zkÅgÉðÐWiZŠƒXz¤/:ÅgzW’TÅ].h+§]óg~~¢zg]ì

ZkÃZ¤/ZsxÆãCŠ~ZßßVÆ@*,:g3ŠHÂZkyZy~{§pZ{»x!7ƒ$ËXŠzgq¢»[DzŠZøÆjZáЗF,ƒ[ìz{].h+ŠzgÆ»çVÆÒpÐZK,Åyâ™**eLìXZk

K~ZàzZáÎZÑ]»iÌÔ™@*ìXZka¢zg~ì�¥Z0+ZiZzgŠ!*CQ|[~§]

t~åÃ7HYñYèZkßg]~fZ]zÌ‹t~åZzg¾Ñ]zZõ!*]|‹ZŠkÃZyÆ9Úøz55

Page 63: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Zsò:©~7HYYìXZÏÆfg=gÎwZ™x~VÅfZ]zZÑÌ]»dŠÃqZzgZsxzŠ+»X )63( èIDÌeì

1Š´ñç¬]ÆçA~=ÆYgq:6ÃWiZŠ~ŠbŠ+Æo°Zñg~ÐìX

ÆÒy~gZÉðÅŠ¬ìX å Zv¬\Ч]·t

56

Page 64: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

jjjjZZZZÙÙÙÙzzzzjjjjZZZZ!!!!YYYY]]]]1XÎg>ZâÔ35:1D3X

2XÎg>ZÈW,Ô801:1X

3XÎg>µZuZLÔ71:97X

4XÎg>ZÑxZ[Ô33:04X

! (PUVP 5XÎg>ZÑíZb

6Xgg~Ô·0Z�³ÔZÎìZÅ|B-

÷ GÔÂ[ZÉ4-+ê

GGÔñΔîGZ^ZÅk0îGGÔŠZgZÉ4lçEIzZpi#Ô0002YÔm:92X

7X›ÔZâxÔs`0£~ÔZÅ|B-

÷ GÔÂ[ZR].Ôm:957Ôg¶Z�g$:325ÔñΔîGX

8XZÅ|B-

÷ GÅ.hÐêÔÂ[ZÆJZyÔ!*[Z**ZzwZÜk$i©ü GIE°ZÄB0î EEGÔm:517Ôg¶Z�g$:2133ÔñΔîGX

9X§>Z#åÔ38Ô**ÑZyŒÛWyÔуgÔ5931|Ô3B46X

01X·ZŠgö»0+z~Ô§>Z¼)å(Ô„¢6ÔуgÔ2991YÔm:006X

11X·gægŸÔZßkZÅ+A)å~ÔŠZgZÅišï IEÔZØCÙ{Ô0002YÔm:93X

ÂK1XeZˆZÄAöÔZŠZg>ZšgsÔ™ZcÔ0002YX

31X©†ZvZÅš©3§ö

EGE

ÔðÌ]Z°Îw-ZvmzÅZÄCÒ©0îELG

GGzZÄCÒ©0îENG

GGÔŠZgZÅ.¸ç!îGGZÉÓ45é EE"0î EGGÔ5991YX

41XaZ£œjÔeZËÔ“]g‚ªÔ„iZztÔуgÔ9991YÔm:871X

51XqƒiZ@ZÔá÷Z#-ZvmzÅÔgZs#DiÔуgÔ3002YX

61X\B{0îIE

GGZ°ÎwZv-ZvmzÅÔ1B7Ô8)l)(ÔŠZgZÄB5ÿ EGÔÛz]Ô3991YX

71X™Št0·0Z',Z Ôá÷Z¼-ZvmzÅÎZÅ›ÒðEzZÄB¨é EEYÔm:123Ô223Ô$»40î GEGZ°æÔgc*nÔ0002YX

81X£~Z−%ŠZlÔ7Z]Z°ÎwåÔ„4,Zg½Z]iÔZÅ+)ÓÂîGZÅišðŠ!îGGÔ5002YX

91X&bZ−+úŠZ‚Ô7Z]Z°Îw-ZvmzÅÔZÅ)½3ïG

EZÅ3¨éIG°Ô‡CÙ{Ô4002YX

02X½%ZŠÔŠÆgÔ7Z]Z°Îw-ZvmzÅÔŠZgZ—ÉÔ.çGZ_Ô‡CÙ{Ô2002YX

12X†Z+m,ZÅ3›éIwÔ7·gÎwZv-ZvmzÅÔŠZgZº[ZÑsòÔ…3œî EGZ{Å0îIGÔ6891YX

22X†Z>úŠÔŠÆgÔŠÑbZÉ43ð EE>z7Z]Z°Îw-ZvmzÅÔŠZgZšgsÔ‡CÙ{Ô8991YX

32X™Ô0Z£gŸÔZÑÚiZÅ›Ð+ö°ZwZÉ43ð EE!îGGÔ$»40î GEGZÅ›41¹é EGyÔgc*nÔ1002YX

57

Page 65: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

42X·;gzyçztÔS:]½-ZvmzÅÔŠZgZÑ�á®)Ô™ZcÔ7002YX

52X¦Z£ŒÔZŒZZ§)‚Îg>µZuZLÔ61:97(ÔZÅ)»40î GEGZ:ÔуgÔ3791YÔ4B95X

62X†Z°ÝIgÁg~Ô‡ZÑjf~Ô!*[âYYéZ#ÔŠZgZ^ZÅ›Ð.0îGÔayÔkXyÔ8B821Ôg¶Z�g$:2203X

72 . Karen Armstrong, Muhammad: A Biography of the Prophet,Phoenixpress 19

82 . Jabal Muhammad Buaben, Image of the Prophet Muhammad in the West, P.328,

Islamic Foundation, Leicester, United Kingdom, 1996

92X†ZØŠgŒãÔeZËÔ9Zsx-ZvmzÅZzgà:f[»Z0+Zi„Ôm362ÔÂ[uZñÔуgÔ5002YX

03 . Zafar Ali Qureshi, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his western Critics, P 489, Idara

Maarif Islami, Lahore, 1992.

13 . Saif ur Rehman Mubarakpuri, When The Moon Split, (Edited and Translated by:

Tabassum Siraj, Michael Richardson, Badr Azimabadi), Darussalam, Riyadh, 1415A.H.

†Z(g�á™Ô',R~§]óg~ÔŠg,·âx)Šú>ÔŠú>ZOòZÚDZsò-Eg;ÔZsxW!*ŠÔ¢61Ô 23X

Ñg{7D01ÔX

zSZ85ÐöGZ−ÆgÔÑbZ¼~VÔŠZgZËXŠwÔ6002YX 33X

Z£GÔ&Î7Z]ÔŠZgZÑ�á®)Ô™ZcÔ1891YX 43X

Îg>Z´gÔ25:92D23X 53X

†Z°îs;)%A$(Ô£Ñ]§]t~åÔ)£!>Zy§]óg~»9!-:

÷EXEÔeZË·$h4è GGE1œj0+z~(Ô : %A$ 63X

1B17§]çZsð-Eg;Ô·zjgÔ5002YX

58

Page 66: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ÇzVÆ',R~‘ÐêLZßw}»Zg»YDevelopment of Principles of Jurisprudence in

Medieval Sub-Continent

/ eZËÃgztŒ

ABSTRACT

The light of Islam reached the Sub-Continent in the life time of the

Prophet(~V ). Soon afterward companions of the Prophet (~V ) is said to have

arrived here. The 1st mosque in the Sub- Continent was built in 629AD (8 Hijra),

this was the 1st Islamic school too. History of compilation of Usul al fiqh started in

the last two decades of 1st Islamic century. Since the beginning of compilation of

Usul al fiqh till today, the work has been going on in various languages and regions

in different forms poetry & prose, brief & detailed. Ulema of Sub-Continent

contributed in their best capabilities with sincerity. They traveled far and wide for

seeking knowledge of Usul al fiqh. Some of them returned to the Sub-Continent,

later on it so happened that some eager students, thirsty for knowledge of Usul al

fiqh came to Sub-Continent. Some Ulema settled in other countries permanently,

contributing to this field. Some emperors and kings gave patronage to the scholars

which helped in the progress of Usul al fiqh.

The paper discusses the period from the life of the Prophet(~V ) up to 10th

Century Hijra in chronological order and discusses the written contribution (not

oral) of scholars and jurists of Sub-Continetonly.

/Zk6,zWÔ‘$4542.ç GEGHGEe6g¹ÔZ+Z~e~Z+B2.çEEGE8-Zh(ßY-Eg;Ô™ZcÔ0*ÎyX

59

Page 67: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

uzgÃ2~VŃƈP‚ßV~Zsx',R~ŠZ4ƒŠHå�áh+',RÅKZzgªZsòæg�PZ!~ƒX¢è

EELZßw}ÅD+z+Å@*gõ«œ~ó~ÆWy~ «

Šz‚zVÐÑzqƒCìXZk®6,D+z+Å@*gõÐ)q¢J-ZZŠzZg~Zi!*âVZzg¸V~àxz]gÔ¿zaw"z@*;»»xƒ@*g;X',RÆfYz�YÌÎo

Æ_.Z•ð({�ZzgïmÆ‚BZkDÅ}.#Ö~ÑgìZzg¤/Z×g}.â]Z�xŠ,X',RÆfYäZßw}ZzgŠzu}Š´ExÆ”wÆaŠzu}˜´ÆZ\g

òZzgxYÐZõ[HZzg¼äŠc*g)~„j-$Z(g™Æz�DZßw}Å}.#Ö~'wƒ‰Zzg¼zZ:yz*yß^WñZzgˆ~Z(̃Z�Šzu}˜´ÐQyD

Zk®ÃIc',R»gc™äÑX‰svz!*Š�áƒVäÌfYz�YÅ5+k,ZðÅZzg}zZßwZÅ©ªî EG~SàŠpàZkÐÌZk®Æ�Ûzr~æŠBZk*y~Çg‚ª

–[ZЊÎ,œ~ó~J-ÆZyfYz�Y™ZxÅZßw}~}.â]»@*gõzÃ]Åi*F,KMÆÒpZq©HŠHìX»m',RÐåZzgZyÅË"z@*;Æ!*g}~…

Z:qƒmXƒ·~~VÆz‰ÜÑày6,gZzO×zgŠï)á°746Y(ÅÓ#Ö¶z{606íY~

ÒyHY@*ì�gZzÈ`c* )1( ªdƒZZkÅ�~Z‚xÔ|ZzgøDz){�áï¸

XZzg�áh+',RÅ« )2( È‹wäÔZ™ƒDŠ¬�',R~ZsxÅWæ»Z’Zð:L¯

KLLoZðcZïYìKóóƒ�PZ!~)296Y&8|~(z;VÆgZzäyŶZzgeXPZ!»gZzczï�¼æ]J-Ñ™*~V»çÜâ**Y@*ì )3( ì�¸ªŠ´æg�ƒ

1Šzu~§st̹ŠHì�gZzczwZzgZkÆZô[zZ%ZYä½â012|)528Y(~

ZsxJwHå)4(X¾qwtzZãì�9ZsxZŃƈP‚wÆZ0+g„ZsxXZ,fg~)á°972|(äLL:bZuóóÆ**xÐÄZy‡ì™Æ )5( Zk',R~ŠZ4ƒŠHå

Cc*�|Ãu»g~î6,Zsò�~�áï™äÅÃ@V»W¸i¦**/ñÆiâä~ƒZZzg

QZ#¦**¢y"ñäÇÜÄ~œ0¤Z•~Åu',Z„~Zq-zÆ«gÆgZ5|z�ñyÆqÑ]»ç¸],Y,{³zZ:ŠHÂÑÃW\VŠ¬qwZk§bÒyH:

60

Page 68: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

)6( ZZÚ³^¨â³^æ�³Øæ$³Û³†â³^ ÊØæÖ’ã^e_Ø(æ]áÎØ]Örn�Ênã^•^Âç]æ]áÒ%†æ]q^Âç]XX

)0*ãÁÔVgŠ~Ôag"!*uÔgN*HƒÂŸùƒYñÇZzg(,ZƒÂÈuÐ%YñÇ(XXƒt~Æz‰Ü¹Ðy~@*Zzgr5éEOq )7( yz*y~̼Šô/™Zx&4lç

IGIpÑñ

·0‡ÌòÅ)217Y( )8( ){q(²[Æ‚´ZzgZ•ðZ0+gzã¸V~ÌŠ3ðŠï�~',RWæÐ|u»g~îg6,Zsò�~�áH²ZsxÅWæÇg‚ª~ƒ_¶ZzgQt´‘½ã&Î',kJ-!*ßZôZzgšzZô#Yc*²1VÆik,ZW,g;X

Šzu~œ~ó~г446|J-Æz{ZßÅ54èGGEX»m',RÐåZyÆ!*g}~

¥â]qÝ7ƒÃYè–wZ$tŒLL›**yyÆZ¶gzZjZw@*g]ZŠ[~ZC9',R~du¤/ñV»Z0+Zi{F!*ÂVÐÎc*YYì}|Ô )9( £xqÝ7™n�óó

µg{)9(MyZzgZyÆZ§s~²!ZzgSi!*31àY'‰ZzgŒV²[ñ�Š¸

XòÆgZz$zv0gZëä072|~µg{ )01( Zzgz{yz*yÅ£òi!*âVÐzZ�¸

Æ!*Š�á{†ZvÖ�z{ZsxÅÑ<Æ!*g}~Cñ†Zväµg{ÐZq-²Z¹Ã��á²åZzgZkäyz*y~›ú0*ð¶ZzgZIyÅZi!*âVÐzZ�åZÐ

òÆgZzÆ0*kÑ<2ä5ZzgQZϲZ¹ägZzƬ6,ŒÛWy»y~i!*y~

ZzgZ0j )X»iâ:853D133| )21( X�ZŠ~_5éGObZrŠ?çE~�ŒV043|~Wc* )11( F,ÀH~–�µg{)ñ�Š{9zZµ|(ZzgMyZzgZyÆZ§ZsÅ )31( ì(äZL**ó

i!*y²!ZzgSìXtKg~lÏ573|&589Y~yz*yWñZzgŠ"5ÿ GE)•(ÅÈgÇ{Å©ÉZk§bÅLLŠ"5ÿ GE)•(«gÆ‚i6,ìZÒ)›)ñg(�«g»0*ãàÅ

X|ÆàzV~Ì )41( Š-gZzVÐW™4ìXƒÎŠZ¤/�ZyÅi!*ySZzg²!ìóó˜V²[âW!*Šc*V‡ìƒI‰²!ZzgS1àYC‰XMyÃZsòpÄÆ%œ/Å

X| )51( wg„Zzg¸!*]Š"5ÿ GEÆ!*g}~Ì9ìX˜V¹Ð›fYaZƒñÌZsòpÄ»%œ/g;˜VZŒZŠiâ:Æ‚B‚B¹ÐÄZYÔfñŠ+Zzgºñ

XŠzu~§sZ#уgÌì7ƒZåZkiâä~ÌÎy )61( Exz.yaZƒñXTz‰ÜZ&Ó4-.ø

GGGIŠ‹Æª )71( )úŠ(ÆŠg!*g~²[zYZzgyƺYU/Uä¸

61

Page 69: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

6,´åZkiâä~œ;fYzxYz‰Z¨YÆqÑ]Ð$+Šwƒ™yz*yWgì¸)81(X4,šîGZ¦Z§~yÆ”Zzg‚Â,œ~ó~ƼŠfY»E+™{Mì�®Zßw

}~h+îàgnppZyÅZßw}~ËÂ[ŶK0+„7ňX}·0¢y

ñÑ**›xZ−+�Û¸ã)á° )02( ‡èÒZ−+ÜZq)á°0+( )91( �iYã)á°095|(

‡èzä )32( ÂxZ−+�Û¬ã)á°146|ˆ{( )22( ñÑ**u`Z−+F,è~)á°0+( )12( 0+(šÇ)0921YX1231Y(ZzgoÇ)1231YX2141Y(~}zZßw )42( Z−+»�áÅ)á°0+(XZkÐZ0+Zi{ƒ@*ì�Šzu~œ~ó~ЂÂ,œ~ó~ )52( }Ãic*Š{ZÌqÝg„

Æz‰J-Æiâä~Zßw}6,G»xƒZƒÇpZyÅ…Z:q7ƒmXøg~özŠ

¥â]Æ_.',RƬZßà%Z−+Z�w�XÅZßw}6,ÂÁñ�Š�X�%Z−+·ò0†Z°°0·Z:~Z�w)446|D517|&6421D5131Y(Š‹~aZƒñ

ZzgŠw~zÃ]0*ðXz{Zq-0*tÆ�zZßàZzgè45é XESZÄ~¸Xyz*y~ZL****нqÝÅZzgQz{”wDÆa32‚wÅ/~yz*yÐ!*CÙ†Zzg^ãZkz‰Ü^

œÒ³³†Ú³³äæœÂ³_³^åiŠÄÚ³^ñè ~Z<ZÅ.‹«çEEÅÓ#Ö¶z{ZyÆDzZ¦ZŠÐZÚOW,ƒZ�

)ZkäZy»(,ZZ™ZxHZzgâÎZÑ5V7X(ZzgQZrVäsiÔ‡CÙ{ÔgzxÔ )62( m³³³ß³³³³^…

ÔuZ`Z−+ ]Ö³Û³v³’çÙÖ׆]‡p –6Ô±ZkÔ„ZtZzgŠwÆdZ\gGXšŠgx~�ágb

·Z1–ZÑgñ~)495|D286|(Ô™r#Z−Å�á¤/Š~Z(g™Æ®Zßw}~¾w

qÝHX†Z?Z1i7òä�uZ`Z−+òZÑgñ~ÅLLZ−óóÆól)~ZkÂ[ÐX )72( nƒäzZá�gZßÅ54èGGEÆ**ñV~%Z−+y~»ÌE+™{Hì

%Z−+òy~ÅZßw}~}.â]**‡.Þ�ÛZñl�ZrVäZßw}~

ÂÁ™6,„Zr7Hɲ[�á¤/ŠzVÅZq-Z+)®)»gÅMVä®Zßw}ÆyZy~»g;ñúc*VZ�xŠØX%Z−+òy~Ɖˆè{ÆZ�Y¤/Zòz}.â]MV

äZßw}~}.â]Z�xŠ,ZzgZ7à]q݃ðXœgZ−+ò·0/0Z0†Z/0¾ÔZ0zVÔZ0%iZ�w)566|D167|&6621YD6131Y(XZyÅzÑŠ]

zzÃ]Šxo~ƒðX%Z−+òy~Æt�á¤/ŠZLiâäÆzZu�áw¬Ý¸��Z0Š

62

Page 70: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

òÐCÙz‰Üoø{™ä6,»ggT�Z0ŠòäZyÅ°pÅìZzgZyÆdºtÅÞŠ]Š~ìXDZßw}ŧsZyÅgDy‚i~�%Z−+òy~äÅQZrVä

•Z/@*;XtŠzâVÂÁZyÆug$Ô}Zzg �³†|]ÖvÓ^Ý Zzg Òj³^h]Ÿ�f³^åæ]ֳ߿^ñ†

X�Z0³ZœitUò)á°157|(XtÌ�%Z−+ò )82( Zßw~¦d6,ŠÑª™C�ZZ]³³³³³³³¡Ý y~ƈè{Åz„~�áï�X�Z0³ò�i~Zßw}~à{WÃtÂ[

ÆÌ'�XŠwÆfYZky~¬Ýþó{Њٸ ]Ö³ÛçÎÃnàÂà…h]ÖÃ^ÖÛnàXX

)øg}Z*Š ZZ…æp³߳³ä�n³í³ß³^]Ö„âfoXX Zk»Z0+Zi{ZkÐÎc*YYì�ZâxZo˜�:Z¯IZy)%Z−+ò(ÐgzZe$™D�(ªZâx%Z−+òy~�Z¯IÆÌZ*Š

X )92( ¸

ZkÂ[Å¿,tì�ZâxõZ−+·0/gZi~ Þã³^mè]ֳ瑳çÙ]ÖoÂ×Ü]Ÿ‘çÙ

ZZÞã³^mè]Öç‘çÙ @*;ÅX�%Z−+ä ZZ]Ö³Û³v’çÙÊoÂ×Ü]Ÿ‘çÙXX )á°606|(äZZÞã³^mè Æ**xÐZkÅÑbè�&?Z]6,Œ¶XZzgZ[tÑb ]Ö³³o³׳Ü]Ÿ‘³çÙXX

Æ**xЙÔ0ÑyZCŠZzgŠÆgÄ0‚ÝZÕôÅï ]Ö³ç‘çÙÊo …]mè]Ÿ‘çÙXX

)“0+(о_ìXZkÂ[Å Ú³Óè]Ö³Û³Ó³†Úä(]ÖÛÓjfä]Öjr^…mä Æ‚B8?Z]~

ZÌ»Z0+Zi{ZkÐÌÎc*YYì�ˆÆZßÅ54èGGEäZkÂ[Ðp[Z.Š{H‰ZâxZZÞã³³^mè]Ö³ç‘çÙ]Ö³o ·0ZZŸ»°)á°0521|(ä¹Ð£â]~%Z−+y~Å

Ð̽7gZ.Š{H ZZ]Ö³Û³v³’çÙXX ÐÜHìXZâxØ»°äZâxgZi~Š³׳Ü]Ÿ‘çÙXX

Åc ZZu³rnè]Ÿq³Û³^ÅXX ZzgLÂZq-„z‰Ü~z{Zq-™ÐÌic*Š{Ü™fe�6�)13(Ì@*;HXoøZŒ5ã ]Ö³†‰³^Öä]ÖŠßnŠäÊo]Ÿ‘çÙ ZkÆ´z{ )03( ~ÃW@*ì

ZZæÚ³ài³’³^Þn³Ë³äʳo³׳Ü]ÖÓ¡Ý]Öˆe‚åæÊo]Ÿ‘çÙ]ÖËÏä]Ößã^mè ZâxZoò»¸wÜ™D�)ZyÅÂ1V~Ð æ]ֳ˳^ñ³Ðæ]Ö³†‰^Öè]ÖŠfÃnèæÒØÚ’ßË^iäuŠßèq^ÚÃ蟉nÛ^]Ößã^mäXX

ÌZy ZZ…‰^Öä‰fÃnäXX Zßw}~Ô ZZ]ÖË^ñÐXX Zzg ZZ]Ößã^mèXX **òÂ[D¯x~ìZzg ‡e‚å Zq-XZâxZo )23( ( ZZ]Ö³ß`³^mäXX ÅZq-Â[ì¾qwZyÅ‚g~ÂÁ¹ZhZzgYì�SîZZÞ³ˆâè **òÂ[ÌZßw}~ZrVäè¶X ZZ]Ö³³Ë³^ñ³ÐXX ÆZkÒyÐtظì�

63

Page 71: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ZZ摳ßÌʳ³o]‘çÙ ~‚¸„g]ñ�ŠìTƇb†ZÄAöò�Zzg–ì ]Ö³í³ç]›³†XX

X )33( ]Ö‚màZZ]Öˆe‚éXXæÊo]‘çÙ]ÖËÏäZZ]Öß`^mèXXZZæ]ÖË^ñÐXXæ]Ö†‰^Öä]ÖŠfÃnèXX

†Zv0·+�)wZ−+ŠŠ~)á°057|(czs/LLØ{»góó»mÌ',R

Ðåz{ZLiâäÆ�g¬ÝzZßà¸XZrVäœgZÕ=ZÑû)á°747|(ÆQ

ZzgQi+Z°$++‡ÌZ0¢ŒÒð GŒ4)á°978(äZk6,qí )43( ÅÑbè ZZ]Öj³³ß³³Ïn³xXX

XñÑ**¥Z−+ò/Z㊊~)á°527|@*257|(Îy·oÆÇÆ�g¬Ý )53( –

zZßà¸ZzgÎy·oäZ7èZi5å@*�z{‡è²Z−+ò™8ïELñZ�Ãyz*y

WäÅŠú]Š,X·0oä¹ÐßAVZzg¬>VÊzªW!*ŠvHå)63(XŠ‹ÆZZæֳ׳ó۳†]ÞoÚ’ßË^l X4,šîGZ¦Z§~Zk§bèÃgì )73( ßvZyÅ�á¤/ŠÏÃõB¸

)/ZãÅP )83( q³×n³×èÚ³ßã^�†æ|æiÃ×nÏ^lÂ×oÒ߈]Ö‚Î^ñÐæ]ÖvŠ^ÚoæÚËj^|]ÖÃ×çÝXX

—0*tÂÁX~+Z−‡ëÔˆòÔzìbZ‰xÅÑzbz$›Ò3¨éG

GG]Ì�(ZzgE+™>~̸èÃgì�ZrVäˆxZ−+òZÑ8k5¼-ö

EGIÅÂ[ )04( ZzguZëZÄB3©0î EEG )93( Z¢

6,qí–åX²6,zWÜZ£ÂòÅÂ[Æqí6,Zk§bèÃg ZZ]Ö³Û³ßjíg]ÖvŠ^ÚoXX

u³³^�n³³ä³׳o ìLLñÑ**¥Z−+/ZãòäŒôÔòÔ+Z−‡ëZzgogÅѲKÜs

X1’äiËZ£ÆjZáZyÆqí )14( »Zq-¯0+z{ÆÃ{ä~ñ�Šìóó ]Öj³×çmx

X )24( ZZ‚g»ÌE+™{Hì

uZ`Z−+òZ15/0Z\BþW0Z£ZÅk5ÐöIEZ:~Z»â~ZÅ.¸ç~)407|D377|

&4031YD1731Y(ÅzÑŠ]Š‹~ƒðZzg~zÃ]0*ðXz{�ÔZßàÔÂgZzgs¸X

ZâxzäZ−+òŠŠ~нqÝÅZzgQ047|~=pá‰Xz;V‡èj¯ñ‰ZzgQZq-x4‡èÅwÐ}.â]Z�xŠ¶ÑXÎyŒÆŒVZdŠgz2ªgnp¸ZKi!*yZzgÐ4è<ØÅ抙D¸X¤lº~iZŠ{äuZ`y~Æ!*g}

)Zy»D¹zWå7Šò~~ )34( ZZÒ³^áæ]‰³Ä]ֳó×ÜÒ%n†]ŸÎ‚]Ýæ]ÖÛã^eèXX ~–

‡e³³‚³é]Ÿu³Ó³^Ýʳo]ìj³¡Í ¸°wz‡zZá¸(Zßw}~¼ŠÂÁ@*;X†:

]Ÿñ³Ûè]ŸÂ³¡Ý(]ֳ׳ç]Ú³Äʳo�³†|qÛÄ]Örç]ÚÄ(�†|]ÖÛß^…Ö×ߊËoÊo]Ÿ‘çÙ(]ÖÛßn†

64

Page 72: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Â[Zq-¢~ìZzg ]Ö³ˆ]Ⳇڳà]Ö³Ën³˜]Öf³^a³†Úà�†|]ÖÛßÇo]Öíf^‡pÊo]Ÿ‘çÖnä

X )44( �†|e‚mÄ]Öß¿^Ý ™r#@*`ZnZWÆ_.tŠz¢zV~ìXZzgZkÂ[Å¿,tì�Z1¾‡èZ?>@*`Z−+ )54( ]Ö×ç]ÚÄ�†|qÛÄ]Örç]ÚÄ

†Zß;[ò0Z0†Zð0Z0Óx0-Š0ñÏZ0ÓxZÅk5ÀöEZ�w)727|D177|

@*;ÅXuZ`Z−+y~äZk ZZq³Û³Ä]Örç]ÚÄÊo]‘çÙ]ÖËÏäXX &7231Y9631Y(äÂ[

Zq-¹�gZzgZÌÅqï q³Û³Ä]Örç]ÚÄXX g3XLL ]Ö³×ç]ÚÄXX Â[ÅÑbèZzgZk»**xLLÂ[ìZÏaZk6,06ÐiZZ+ÑzbÔjZÙÔ$›Ò3¨é G

GG]z){‘Y`�XXÅz„™

Z1Z_»]qƒ )74(ÉÓ4i§ö

EE�³³†|]Ö³Ûß³^… X² )64( zZßVÅ@*gõzÃ]Åi*F,KMÐñ�Šì

@*;Å Úß^…]ŸÞç]…Êo]‘çÙ]ÖËÏä Z−+†Zvò0Z£0úŠZÉ4i§öEE

4)á°017|&0131Y(ätZßw}6,Zq-�gzŒZzwQìXZk6,23ÐiZZ+ÑzbÔjZÙÔjZÙZZÕzbÔÄz$›Ò3¨éG

GG]èIXXÅz„™zZßVÅ@*gõzÃ]ÅiâãF,KMÆ_.ñ�ŠXZzgÑbZh )94( XZzguZ`Z−+òZÅŸ5åE~ÅÑb23Ñzb~ЂÂ,�6,èˆì )84( ì

ZFi~Å¿,tìZrVä°wZ−+Z1·/ò0/ZFi~ZÄB3§öEE

)016|176|

ÅÑbè�Šz?Z]6,ìZzgZk»**x ZZ]Ö³³Û³³Ç³ß³³oʳ³o]Ÿ‘³çÙXX &2121YD2721Y(ÅÂ[

g3ZkÂ[»W¸iZyÜ]Ð ZZ]Ö³ˆ]Ⳇڳà]Ö³Ën³˜]Öf³³^Ⳇڳà�³†|]Ö³Û³Çßo]Öíf³^‡pXX

ZZ]Ö³v³Û³‚Ö³×#³ä]Ö³„pÞ³ç…γ׳çh]ֳó׳Û^ðeßç…a‚]mjäæ�†|‘‚æ…aÜeçÊç…Âß^mjä ƒ@*ìÅ¿,tì:Z£0Z0ºÔ¡Z−+Z0Z—¬Cò ZZ�³†|e³‚m³Ä]ֳ߿^ÝXX Zzg )05( ]ÖîXX

ZZÞã³^mè @*;ÅZk»ŠzuZ**x ZZe³‚m³Ä]ֳ߿³^ÝXX 4)á°496|&5921Y(äZßw}~Â[

ìXtZq-¹ZëÂ[ìYèZk~Z0Z—¬Cä´)Wæ~ò ]Öç‘çÙ]ÖoÂ×Ü]Ÿ‘çÙXX

ZZ]‘³³çÙ]Öf³ˆ æp ZzgZâx),Šz~4)á°284(Å ZZ]Ÿu³³Ó³^ÝXX �áw)á°136|(ÅÂ[

ZZ]‘³³ç٠ƧiиZ°çÆÒy~Zzg ZZ]Ÿu³³Ó³³³^ÝXX ƧhVÊ™Šc*XZrVä XX

Æ[~HìX ZZe‚mÄ]Öß¿^ÝXX Ðbð�Û¦ØZ@~æŠàT»ZÖgpŠZrVä ]Öfˆ æpXX

ÅZÌzZÊe$Æ7à ZZe‚mÄ]Öß¿^ÝXX )15( 6,Zq-ÑbuZ`Z:~äÌè ZZe‚mÄ]Öß¿^ÝXX

X )25( Zk6,ÁZiÁ‚]Ñzb¢zgèIXÅz„ñ�Šì

65

Page 73: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

�-Šò0)w+Mã4)á°097|&8831Y(ÆZss~ÐÃð•ÐW™My~'‰¸tMy~aZƒñZzgz�›ú0*ðXZrVäñÑ**)wZ−+gzòòÐDqÝHXŠZgZ<Š‹~ŠZ4ƒñÂÎy9zi�á{äæg�9zit~ZyŽg~

ZZi³³çqn³³³³ä ÅÑbèZzgZk»**x ZZÚ³³³ß³³³³^…]Ÿ‘³³çÙÖ³³×³³ßŠ³³Ë³³³oXX ™Š~XZrVäX )45( ~ÌZϧbèÃgì u‚]ñÐ]ÖvßËnä X )35( g3 ]ÖÓ¡ÝXX

ÄZ−+ò0‡è$+ï0�·Z;zZðíW!*Š~)á°208|&9931Y(èÔ¹²ÔÔ}�³³³³³³†|]‘³³³çÙ ÔZßwz¦s~Zd%û6,Ã,¸ZyÆzZ−íW!*ŠÆ‡è¸XZrVä

@*;XX¿U,tì )65( �³†|]ÖvŠ^ÚoE]ÖÛßjígÖ¡ìŠnÓ%oD )55(Zzg ]Öfˆ æp

�ÄZ−+0‡èíW!*Š~äˆxZ−+·0/ZÑ8k5¼-öE

GI4)á°446|&7421Y(ÅÂ[

6,·0·0�Z1Zâg~4ÅÑb�ZrVä496|~@*;Å ZZ]Ö³Û³ßjíg]ÖvŠ^ÚoXX

¶Zk6,qí–åX

˜$¦·ZÑsò0·Z',Z�òZ;ZÄBo-ö

EZÅg.5éEã)á°808|&5041Y(Ww@y

ZrVäaŠ{',k )75( ~и@y~zÑŠ]ƒðZyÆzZ−·Z',Z�ò@yÆÎy¸

Å/~ëÑ]z®Ñ]ÅŠgZ„å™à¶91',kÅ/~ZLzZ−¤/ZòƇì£xÅwÐ@y~f)ŠZgc*VewBZzg±¶]~'wƒ‰32',kÅ/~tf)

ŠZgc*VZL¸ðÆ4Š™Æyz*yÔ²[Zzg²ZtÆfYzxYÐZõ[;HX}zZßw~h+îàgnpÒyHY@*ì��íZ−+ò�ZLz‰ÜÆÝfY~ÑgKYD¸X

ZrVäZßwz}Ɖ)b6,fñz‰ÜÐÎZÑ]KÂËÐÌ$i§öGIEOj�Z[7

0*c*�ZÑsò˜$Ð5‡]ƈZy)bÅ=ôe„ÂZrVäZy)bÅ=ôZk

§bÅ��íZ−+òÃ7g~−ƒZzgz{ZÏz‰Ü�˜$ZÑsòÆ;B6,³ƒ‰Zzg@*;Å�Zßw~Zq- ZZ]ֳ˒çÙXX XZrVäÂ[ )85( ˆ~ZyÆZV#Y~Ñgƒñ

X )95( ¿ì

Z1ZØÌZ£ò0/Z²zZàÔŠzªW!*Š~Ô‡èÞ[Z−+ò0ÒZ−+ZÅŸ5åE~)á°948|

66

Page 74: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

&5441Y(ÅzÑŠ]z›zúŠzªW!*Š~ƒðZzg�y7g~ZÙwƒZXÎyZ',Z�ѹÅK

Zzgæg�Ɔ!Y+$æy�XŠ‹W™ZkÇÆŸifY†‡è†ZXgZzgñÑ**pZ•

ŠŠ~z){ÐZnÆExz.yŽqÝÅXQŠ‹ÃíW!*ŠÈ™ÎyZ',Z�ѹŊú]6,�y7gãÎyäZyÅ(,~WzÂ−ÅZzg‡èZ?>ÆÇ{6,âñgHXZL

Æ ZZ]Ö³³Ë³’³çÙXX iâäÆß°),gvZzgZßà|]¦ZÑsò˜$@ã�Zßw}~Â[

'¸ZyÅ}.#Ö~q¢ƒDgì�¦ZÑsò˜$äZyÆDzaÅ(,~ŠgŠZãz{Ex“¨Ò0î G

Gz$¨Ò0î EGG~**UgziÇgZzgZLiâäÆݬݸXZrVä¹ÏÂÁ )06( Å

ZZæÖ³³ä�³†|�†| KX~Ñbz=z){Ì�áï�X4,šîGZ¦Z§~Zk§bèÃgì:)Zzg )16( ]Öf³ˆ æpÊo]‘çÙ]ÖËÏä]ÖoÚfv&]ŸÚ†‘ßËäÖ×\nîÚvÛ‚eàÂnŠo]ÖrçÞ¶ç…pX

ZrVäZßw}~Z%ÅcJ-),Šz~ÅÑbè&�·0}�y7g~)á°078|(c"Hå(�·0}òÆqÑ]i0+ÏLL4,šîGZ¦Z§óó`3Ôm31D211

X )26( 6,ñ�Š�Zk»Zq-鯆ZæxWiZŠÆ0*kåZzgZ[�áh+z{„WiZŠZ¥/|~ƒ

Z1ZÅ©}é EEbÄZ−+†Zvò0†ZÆ*Šz~4)á°198|&5841Y(ZLiâäÆZZ]ʳ^•è]ŸÞ³ç]…ʳo]•³^ñè]‘³çÙ]Ö³Ûß^…Êo]‘ç٠ݬÝÔZßàZzg[¸XZrVäÂ[

tZ1Z_»]qƒZ−+†Zvò0Z£0úŠZÉ4i§öEE

4)á°017|&0131Y(Å )36( @*;Å ]Ö³ËÏäXX

6,èYäzZà23ÐiZZ+Ñzbz){~™zZßVÅ@*gõ ]Ö³Ûß^… ÅÑbìX ZZ]Ö³Ûß^…XX Â[

XoøZŒ5ã )46( ÅÎÛ,Ñbì ZZ]Ö³Û³ß^…XX zÃ]Åi*F,KMÆÒpЊ¬YñÂt˜�:LLZϧb‚Â,ZzgW^,œ~ÆŠgxyŠàƬÝñÑ**ÄZ−+úŠ0·»E+™{

»f™HY@*ìTÐt¥xƒ@*ì� ZZ]ʳ^•è]ŸÞç]…XX 0*D�XÅ@*c]~ogÅÑbÌŠZ4åÃZÏÅ4+Ñb ZZ]Ö³³Û³ß³^…ֳߊ³Ë³oXX y~»[~Zßw}»t�gQª

XoøZŒ5ã )56( Æ**xÐè�~̾_ìóó ZZÞ³³ç…]ŸÞ³³ç]…XX 5æyy~äÆÒyÐqgzfs!*'ÈVƒC�:

1XŠàƬݻ**xÄZ−+òúŠ0·åZzgLL4,šîGZ¦Z§óó~̸**xèÃgì)66(X²Z©

!*�áòZzgZÔZ©äZy»**xÄZ−+†Zvò0†ZÆ*ŠŠ~Cc*ìX

67

Page 75: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

2XZy»iâ:‚Â,ZzgW^,œ~ó~ÆŠgxyÆì²Z©!*�áZzgZÔZ©äZy»@*gõzÃ]198|ªâ,œ~ó~Cc*ìXLL4,šîGZ¦Z§óó~ZyÅ@*gõzÑŠ]zzÃ]ÒyG%

W^,œ~ó~ÆfY~Zy»f™HZzgQŠzu~(Šz!*g{f™HÂ@*gõzÃ]198|f™ÅX@*;Å�ogÅÑbì²Z©!*�áòZzgZÔZ©òÆ_. ZZ]ʳ³³³^Êè]ŸÞ³³ç]…XX 3XZrVäÂ[

@*;ÅX ZZ]Ê^•è]ŸÞç]…Êo]•^ðé]‘çÙ]ÖÛß^…XX ZrVäÆ ZZ]ʳ³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³^•èXX ƒYì�™zZßV~ÐËÃœƒŠHƒZzgÂ"$ÅtÐ

–ŠHƒZzgtÌeì�tŠzZµZµ¿ƒVX»iâ:ZzgÑbÆ**xZ ZZ]ʳ³³³^ÊèXX Oñæ]Ö×#ä]Â×Ü ƒV1ŠzâV»mŠàЃX

´YZ−+Z!ŠZŠò0†Zv�zg~4)á°329|&7151Y(yz*y~aZƒñZzgz�zÃ]0*ðZzgZy»ÑgZÃåfY~ƒ@*åXÎy\gߊSÆiâäÐW\»måñÑ**Z!ŠZŠ�zgÆ�gfY~и}6,¼ŠÂÁKÎy\gߊSpŠZyÆky6,

ZzgqíZZßwZ�Ù )86( XZ,VäÑbZßwZË.çEEŠz~@*;Å )76( 5‡]ÆaŠHåKX8wZ½ZÙÆZhV~°ñ�Š�„gZ9Ÿk5é EGyI7- ZZʳ’³çÙ]Ö³Çç]�oXX Z

Å.g+öO

X )96( y~687)]&288(Zzg787Zzg8876,Ìñ�Šì�zäZ−+ò0¾ZvqŠZ−+|ZC)á°899|&0951Y(æ¹|Z]ÆŠaàex

.~aZƒñXz{Zq-ݬÝZzgZßà¸XZ£W!*Š~Zq-²5J-»}.ZýŠ¶~

'wgìZzg¼ŠŠgÏÃ6,qd/õ IGZzgѲKz{ZLægÐÆz‰~æy�$+Z-ã

XZrV )07( Æ_.�áh+„ÃðŠgÏÂ[ÔgKc*(,~ƒÏTÅZrVäÑbc*qí:–ƒZZu³^�nè XKZÔYy~ )17( 6,qí–å ZZ�³†|]Öj³×³çmxXX 6,qíZzg ZZ]‘³çÙe³ˆ æpXX ä

X¦Z1;0+z~äZkqíZZÅ5ÒðG

ôÆZ’ZðÜ]ÔÂ"$ZzgZk )27( »f™ì ]Öj³×³çm³xXX

~�zäÆZ|[ÒyÿZÒyHìX"ƽâÎZ΂wƈ0211|~ZkÅeŠ³Ü]ֳ׳³ä]Ö³†u³Û³à]Ö†unÜ!…hmŠ†æiÛÜ Â"$ƒðZkÅZ’ZYZyÓVЃCì:

XZzg e³×³ín³†!]Ö³vÛ‚Ö×ä…h]ÖÃ×Ûnàæ]Ö’×çéÂ×oìn†ì×ÏäÚvÛ‚æ]Öäæ]‘v^eä]qÛÃnà

Ⳅ]]쳆]Ö³Ój³^he³Ã³çÞ³^Ö³Û³×Ô]Ö³çâ^hæ]ÖvÛ‚Ö×äÂ×o]iÛ^Úä]ÞäæÖo Z!ò]tì

68

Page 76: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

X¥ÅW‚ãÆaZ0+Zi™gppŽ7gÃÒÃWCìX† ]Öj³çÊn³Ðæen³‚å]‡Úè]Öj³vÏnÐ

|zWiÅc~˜V™r#Œôb–þþ¢©0î EEGÃÔZkÃÆë{_Ã�zäqÝ

Z‹ÆÄZyй™„g]~’k,�ÛâD�ZzgQZkû��Z[Šc*Y@*ìZkÃ’k,™äƈqÝZœZ[ÆÄZyÐZkÅ=ô�ÛâD�X¦ÑpYã»Zk6,

1’äiËZ£ÆjZáЖ�ZrV X )37( Z‹ZnÜ™ÆQZC�Z[’k,�ÛâD�X )47( Ì@*;H u^�näÂ×o]Ö\†|]ÖÖ‚pÂ×o]ÖÛíj’†Ÿeàu^qg ä

�Z1–ŒÛ74ZºW!*Š~ŠÎ,œ~ó~Æ�ZzgZßà¸Îy\g06wÆZZæ�³†|³×o ~Zk§bèÃgì: ZZÞ³ˆâè]Ö³í³ç]›†XX iâä~W¤/{W™g;öZ(g™à¶X

)ZzgZrVäZßwZË.çEEŠz~ÅÑbè(X )57( ]‘çÙ]Öfˆ æpXX

ÜÜÜÜ5555cccc',R~ZsxÆW¸iÅF@*g]gzZc*]Òyň�Zy~t!*]œu

ì�ZsxÆW¸iÆWU*gÇg‚ª~ÃWD�X¼Šô/™ZxÌ=pÑñXMyz

|ZsòpÄÆ%œ/gìXZ’ZðFœ-VJ-!*ßZôc*šzZôŒV²1VÅÓ#Ög„X1ˆ~âÎ',kJ-ZÒZ,xZy',uZMZggìXÅi!*yÃg϶c*z{Zki!*yÐOW,¸XZzgQŒVÆßÍVÆgzZ*²!1áYäzZᘴÐZãic*Š{7gìæÑàZ�ÛiZzgâzgZYZÑÆßÍVÃxWñ1¼Z,xZyÌWñMVäExŠ&40î GEGZzg

&ÑB{ð EEm

}zZßwZÅ©ªî EG~ŠpàXZßw}ÅD+z+Å@*gõ«œ~ó~ÆWy~Šz‚zVÐÑzq

ƒCìXpŠzu~œ~ó~г446|J-Æz{ZßÅ54èGGEX»m',RÐåZyÅZßw

}6,Â1VÆ!*g}~¥â]qÝ7ƒÃXZzgÜsZRÂ1VÆ!*g}~Ø^eZy~Ð̼**a�XTЄCÙtZ0+Zi{ƒ@*ì��%Z−+�áw)á°517|(

',RÆz{¬Zßà¸MVäZßw}6,²!i!*y~:Üs�á‚gÂÁKɲ!ZzgQ�á¤/ŠzVÅZ+)®)»gÅ�DZßw}~úc*V£xgnp¸XÂ1VÅZ:q:ƒä»Èt7ì�',RÆd%Zœ/~Zßw}6,"z@*;»»x7ƒZƒÇXÉ

Zk!*]»¸~Zkyì�Zßw}6,’k,~ñZŠjZŠ_iâ:ÅÊHX

69

Page 77: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

jjjjZZZZÙÙÙÙzzzzjjjjZZZZ!!!!YYYY]]]]1Xî]ZsòX†!®~Zsx»¬gsÔc*šMèzZãÔZ¥/|:0*yzZàÃ_ZÆ',2X5891Y

m:35X

gzi**)kB™ZcÔeZËŠk,{yÔ*yLLÈ0*wPZ!ZzgÔZ™óó',zi$+|Ô61gßZÑzw1341|Ô3âga 2X

0102m:7ÔZkż,tì�gZzÈ`c*È‹wäÔZ™ƒDŠ¬ÂZkzZ§ÅïÆaßÍVÃZŠOZŠO5�¿²[àZkäzZ:W™ÔZ™Å¬]CNXgZzä¼�`X~0*y

â@*Š+Æ;B(ÇT6,W\Zä0*y ÆíÌ�áï¸XgÎwZ™xZÅ}.#Ö)¸„ZLdWÊZ«',mzbZxŒÛZgŠc*XWäzZÑ¿)¸„PZŠ{ìzÆ(›yƒŠHXyz*ãPZŠ}»**x[Z−+

g3ŠHZzgZy»ïbZq-ô!ÅeЃZXZkäyz*yzZ3Wä6,ZL›yƒä»Z´yHXgÎwZ™xZäzZ36,Zq-ô!gÎw|]†ZvmÃÌPZŠ{Æ‚BgzZ:�Ûâc*XgZzÈ`Zyô!gÎwÅ�ÛZ„ÊN™›yƒŠH)zZvZD(XjZ!‚.W`ÌtKyz*yÆNeggc*ÆŒÛ[z�Zg~Zq-‚i«gÆŒÛd$ìX 3X

4Xî]ZsòLL',R~Z�á®)Zsxóó·$h4è GGE1œjÔZ¥/|:0*yzZàÃ_†g~Xâga1X

7891Ym:65X75ÔZzgt̹Y@*ì�gZzczwÆZsxJw™ä»zZ§Šzu~œ~ó~»ìZkż,tì�›âVÅZq-)®)�]dYg„¶�czïÆŒVj~z{ZyйOW,

ƒZZzg²[Yä»ZgZŠ{ªCÙHZzggzZ:ƒŠHz;VV™Fg7,ŠHvÅZy:g„ÂZL‚¹VÃi!5454è GGEG

«XZzgâÑ!*gzZ:Y™)].¯äÅ@Ze$Š~ZzgQz{ZÙw™ŠH'×h+Š&ÀŸ/õ GGî]ZsòLLâÑ!*g~ZsxóóZðxZ£0+z~Xæk,¦°wZ−+/~Z¥/|:0*yzZàÃ_Z6,sX�y5002Y¢:42ÔÑg{2Ôm:37X27X

',x0*uzyÅIZsðÔZ$t@ŒÛ7Ô™ZcÔ™Zc-Eg;Ô%"z@*;)9991Y(áW 5X

hwZ£iÛ~Ôm:1X

)á°972|(Ûz]ÔŠZgZ^ZÅ›Ð.0îG0002YD Êjç|]Öfׂ]á(]Ú^Ý]eç]ÖvŠà]uÛ‚eàmvoeàq^e†]Öf¡ƒ…p 6X

0241|m:752X',R~ZsxÆZzAÝlÔ·ZGtzXуgÔZŠZg{pÄZsð4991YÔm:14D44ZGtzäZy 7X

æô/™ZxÆZ�Y¤/ZòÅz„ÒyÅì�',R=pÑñX',R~ô/ÅWæÔZºZ‡Šg~ÔуgÔ©Di4002YÔm:911X 8X

',x0*uzyÅIZsðÔZ$t@ŒÛ7ÔŠâpLLxóó 9X

ÝlÑãÔ±Ñy0+z~ÔуgZgŠzZOò|7691YÔm:452X 01X

70

Page 78: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ZsX 11X

ZsÔm:452X 21X

ZsX 31X

ZsÔm:445X 41X

',x0*uzyÅIZsðÔZ$t@ŒÛ7Ôm:84X 51X

ZsX 61X

ÝlÑãÔ¦Ñy0+z~Ôm:652X 71X

svŠ‹ÆèIgD**]ÔÜZ£ÂòуgÔóg�á]0991YÔm:311X 81X

Ô†ZÄAö0õZ−+Z

ÄBo-öE

)á°1431|(yÔgZñ',~„ Þ³ˆâè]Ö³í³ç]›³†æeã³rè]Ö³ÛŠ^ÚÄæ]Ößç]¾† 91X

ŠZg²Ã]1991YD2141|MyÔZŠZg{@*c]ZÑBÔ1B431X

ZsÔm:081X 02X

ZsÔm:381X 12X

ZsÔm:432X 22X

ZsÔm:832X 32X

ZsÔm:932X 42X

52XZ¨ÆZgŠzù·;ñëz~XšZ£XZsxW!*Š:D,-Ãz0+c1102Ym:13X

0*uzy~›âV»Âx½zF,šMÔ¦oøZŒ5ãÔуgÔ„g×6)“0+(Ô1B272X 62X

ÔuZ`Z−+Z1ZÉ45éIEðúŠ0Z1–0qæ0Z£ZÑgñ~�áw)495|D286|( ]Öj³v³’n³ØÚà]ÖÛv’çÙ 72X

Ûz]Ô¸=g‚!8041|D8891YÔZk6,†Z?ZZ1i7»ól)Š¶X

Ô†Z—ZÅ.{‹§ö

EZÔZ©ÔÛz]Ô·Z}Š

&÷E)“0+(2B811X ]ÖËjx]ÖÛfnàÊo›fÏ^l]Ÿ‘çÖnnà 82X

0*uzy~›âV»Âx½zF,šMÔ¦oøZŒ5ãÔуgÔ„g×6)“0+(Ô1B372X 92X

]…�³³³³³³^ ®Zßw}Å@*gõÔÇg‚ª–[Z@*)q¢ÃgztŒ™ZcÔŠZgZÑ�á®)6002YÔm:373Ô 03X

Ô·0ZZŸ»ã)3711|D0521|(‡CÙ{ŠZgZÉ»4-öGE)“0+(ï ]Ö³ËvçÙ]ÖoivÏnÐ]ÖvÐÚàÂ×Ü]Ÿ‘çÙ

eZË·@yÔ1B364ÔZzgól)Ô1B43XÔ½0†Z—Z

Å©i‹3‹-öGEE

Z°zòZÄB3§öEE

Ô5»A$ZÄCÍ-ö EEÔqY Ò\Ì]Ö³¿³ß³çá³à]‰³³^Ú³³o]Ö³Ój³³gæ]Ö³Ëßçá 13X

Ⳃmè]ֳó^…Ên³àʳo]‰³Û³^ð]ÖÛ©ÖËnàæd$^… Ñ)á°7601|(Ûz]ÔŠZgZË2041|D2891YÔ2B9191Ô

]Ö³‚……]Ö³Ó³^ÚßäÊo ÔZ�³!*�á�ZŠ~)á°9331|(Ûz]ŠZgZË2041|D2891YÔ6B341Ô ]Ö³Û³’ßËnà

ÔZ£0Z0·0Z0Z£Z1ãZ0v?ã�áw)377|D258|(Ûz]Ô ]Ân³^á]Ö³Û³^ñè]Ö%³^Úß³ä

71

Page 79: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Ô†Z—ZÅ.{‹§ö

EZÔZ©ÔÛz]Ô·Z} ]Ö³Ëj³x]Ö³Ûfn³àʳo›fÏ^l]Ÿ‘çÖnnà ŠZgZ

ÄB5ÿ EG)“0+(4B41D51Ô

)“0+(2B611D511X

0*uzy~›âV»Âx½zF,šMÔ¦oøZŒ5ãÔуgÔ„g×6)“0+(Ô1B372X 23X

Ô†ZÄAöÔ2B241D341X Þˆâè]Öíç]›† 33X

ZsÔ`:2Ôm:27X 43X

ÔqYÑ1B994X Ò\Ì]Ö¿ßçá 53X

0*uzy~›âV»Âx½zF,šMÔ¦oøZŒ5ãÔ1B641X 63X

73XuZëZÄB3©0î EEGXñß~M·9<Ð+öEX™Zc:„g�)“0+(m:233X133X

Ô†ZÄAöÔ2B861X Þˆâè]Öíç]›† 83X

E+™>Z¢Ô·ð{q„™Zc÷·Ã{:)“0+(m:913X 93X

04XuZëZÄB3©0î EEGXñß~M·9<Ð+öEXm:233X133X

svŠ‹ÆèIgD**]ÔÜZ£ÂòуgÔóg�á]0991YÔm:333»qíX 14X

24XZßw}Zzg�á{zàZvÔ·1’™ZcÔ’"5Ò5»4n.ç FEGGIEE)6891Y(m:371X

0*uzy~›âV»Âx½zF,šMÔ¦oøZŒ5ãÔ1B072X 34X

Ò\Ì Ô†Z—ZÅ.{‹§ö

EZÔZ©Ô2B881Ô561Ô ]Ö³Ëj³x]Ö³Ûfn³à Ô†Z

ÄAöÔ`2Ôm79D89Ô Þ³³ˆâè]Ö³í³ç]›³† 44X

ÔZ�³!*�á�ZŠ~)ᰠⳂmè]Ö³Ã^…ÊnàÊo]‰Û^ð]ÖÛ©ÖËnàæd$^…]ÖÛ’ßËnà ÔqYÑÔ2B991Ô ]Ö¿ßçá

Ôi+Z−+‡Ì0 i³³^t]Öj³³†]q³Üʳ³o›f³Ï³^l]Övß˳o 9331|(Ûz]ÔŠZgZË2041|D2891YÔ5B09X¢ŒÒðG

Œ)á°978|(�ZŠÔ„ZÅ)4-ö

IE2691YÔm:84D94X

Ô†Z—ZÅ.{‹§ö

EZÔZ©Ô2B881X ]ÖËjx]ÖÛfnà ÔZ�³!*�á�ZŠ~Ô5B097Ô â‚mè]ÖÃ^…Ênà 54X

®Zßw}Å@*gõÔÃgztŒÔm:744D554X 64X

Ô†Z—ZÅ.{‹§ö

EZÔZ©Ô2B881X ]ÖËjx]ÖÛfnà ÔqYÑÔ2B097Ô Ò\Ì]Ö¿ßçá 74X

®Zßw}Å@*gõÔm:393X 84X

ZsÔm:304X 94X

Ô†Z— ]Ö³Ëj³x]ÖÛfnà ÔZ�³!*�á�ZŠ~Ô5B097Ô â³‚mè]Ö³Ã^…Ênà ÔqYÑÔ2B947Ô Ò\Ì]Ö³¿ßçá 05X

ZÅ.{‹§ö

EZÔZ©Ô2B881X

ÔqYÑÔ2B1991X Ò\Ì]Ö¿ßçá 15X

®Zßw}Å@*gõÔÃgztŒÔm:293D393X 25X

Ô†ZÄAöÔ2B281D381X Þˆâè]Öíç]›† 35X

72

Page 80: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

45XuZëZÄB3©0î EEGXM·9<Ð+öEX™Zc:„g�)“0+(m:623X

5B583XZk~ZyÅ@*gõzÃ]288|èÃgìXuZëZÄB3©0î EEGÔM·X Ô ÔZ�³!*�á�ZŠ~ â‚mè]ÖÃ^…Ênà 55X

Ô·1’Ô$ÂîGZ½)YeZxZÅ~ ÚÃrÜ]Ÿ‘çÖnnà ©Ô-**òíg7921|Ôâ,œ~ó~Æ�X911X B 4141|Ô2

Ô†ZÄAöÔ3B06D16Zk~ÌZyÅ@*gõzÃ]288|èÃgìX Þˆâè]Öíç]›† 65X

),xßBÔ¦ïbZ−+†Z°ÝÔZsxW!*ŠÔD,-Ãî&+c0991YÔm:934X 75X

ZsÔm:254D354 85X

Ô3B61D51ÔZk~ZyÅ@*gõzÃ]088|èÃgìX Þˆâè]Öíç]›† 572Ô B Ô·1’Ô1 ÚÃrÜ]Ÿ‘çÖnnà 95X),xßBÔ¦ïbZ−+†Z°ÝÔm:644D744X 06X

Ô·1’Ô ÚÃrÜ]Ÿ‘çÖnnà 7611Zk~ZyÅ@*gõzÃ]848|èÃgìX B ÔqYÑÔ5 Ò\Ì]Ö¿ßçá 16X

Ô/gŸ&!ÔŠwÔZÅ)»40î GEZ²Ô ÚÃrÜ]ÖÛ©ÖËnài†]qÜÚ’ßËo]ÖÓjg]ÖÆenä 531)073(X B 181)131(Ô2 B1

3X B Ô†ZÄAöÔ3 Þˆâè]Öíç]›† 93X B 6731|D7591Ô4

Ô†ZÄAöÔ3B61X Þˆâè]Öíç]›† 26X

Ô†Z—ZÅ.{‹§ö

EZÔZ©Ô`2B6Ô®Zßw}Å ]Ö³Ëjx]ÖÛfnà ÔZ�³!*�á�ZŠ~Ô5B074Ô â³‚mè]Ö³Ã^…Ênà 36X

@*gõÃgztŒÔm:335X

®Zßw}Å@*gõÔÃgztŒ™ZcÔm:404X 46X

0*uzy~›âV»Âx½zF,šMÔ¦oøZŒ5ãÔ1B741X 56X

Ô†ZÄAö0õZ−+Z

ÄBo-öE

2B161Ô3B031X Þˆâè]Öíç]›† 66X

svŠ‹ÆèIgD**]ÔÜZ£ÂòуgÔóg�á]0991YÔm:954D854X 76X

86XKZÔYy°ZU*gyz*yÔÝxZ,·'+.-öEE3031|m:43X

Ô†ZÄAöÔ4B83XE+™>Z¢Ô·ð{q„Ô Þ³³ˆâè]Ö³íç]›³† Ô·1’Ô1B494X ڳór³Ü]Ÿ‘³çÖnn³à 96X

÷·Ã{:™ZcÔ)“0+(m:512D712X

07XgzŠÃW,Ô�·Z™xÔуgÔZŠZg{pÄZsð9791YÔm:393D493Ô†Z

ÄAöÔ4B343D443ÔE+™>Z¢Ô·ð{q„Ô Þ³ˆâè]Ö³íç]›† ÔqYÑÔ1B494Ô Ò\Ì]Ö³¿ßçá 17X

÷·Ã{:™ZcÔ)“0+(m:512D712X

27XKZÔYy°ZU*gyz*yXÝxZ,·'+.-öEE3031|m:54X

37XçgsÔ�á{zäZ−+E~`:3X13Ôâga3391YÔf“{1531|ZW¥/|ŠZgZÅ.{3¨4è

EEGEÔm:412Zzg

Š&ÀŸ/õ GG:çgsÑg{:�Ûzg~3391YÔm:211X

73

Page 81: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

47XZßw}Zzg�á{zàZvÔ·1’Ôm:471X

Ô†ZÄAöÔ4B01D9X Þˆâè]Öíç]›† 57X

74

Page 82: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ß‘40îGEÅ|ZzgZkÅ%zzÕÿReality of Mohatra Contract & Its Current Forms

/ Ýx©g

Abstract

The economic system of Islam does not allow the interest and fraud

(cheating). This system does not consider it fair to exploit the compulsions

of others. It is our bad luck (misfortune) that the majority of the business

community is unaware of the economic teachings of islam. The problem of

Bay Aena has assumed the severe form in the society. The majority of the

people is ignorant of the real nature of this Bay on one hand, while on the

other hand it is also the cause of the spread of selfishness and greed.

Through this paper, it has been tried to determine the religious position of

Bay Aena in the light of the views of the Islamic Scholars. Moreover, its

different forms prevalent in the society have also been analysed.

Zv¬\äŒÛWyˆ~g!*ÃwZxŒÛZgŠc*ìX´)Z0àgZ�Ûj)x:117|(g!*Ž~°p

ªic*ŠCZzg(,ðF,~XZ˜bÑ<~Z+ic*ŠCÃg!*ë )1( " ‡]�æÞ³³Û³^ ": Òy™Dƒñ˜���%Ëâàçz£ÆqÝÅYñXZ0Z²!)x:345|(Z©xZÅWy~˜�:

. )2( " ]Ö†e^Êo]ÖÇè]Öˆm^�éæ]ÖÛ†]�Êo]¤mèÒ؇m^�éŸmÏ^e×ã^Âçš "

Zk~z{ic*ŠCÌŠZ4ì�gzBÃZŠJgŠ¶6,qÝÅYñYèâwÆçz£~ÂgPkZÓw7gZïàYCìz{"çz£ìZzgßzÑZÅz{ßg'ÌZk~ŠZ4�X " ZÚ† " Y@*ì�ic*ŠC¯xΊc*

~Ãðic*ŠCšçz£qÝÅYñX

¼g%ExZsðÔig¦-Eg;ÔßW!*ŠÔ0*ÎyX /

75

Page 83: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

: Zv¬\»Zg áŠì)Zv¬\äßÃ'wHìZzgΊÃwZxHì(X )3( ™æœuøØ$]Ö×#äö]ÖûfønûÄøæøuø†$Ýø]Ö†(eFç]—

Zq-Zzg£x6,�Ûâc*:™mø³«œm%ãø³^]Ö$³„ômû³àø.Úøßöçû]]i$Ïöç]Ö×#äøæøƒø…öæû]Úø^eøÏôoøÚôàø]Ö†(eFç]]áûÒößûjöÜûÚöç+Úôßônûàø!ÊøôáûÖ$ÜûiøËûÃø×öçû]ÊøªƒøÞöçû]eôvø†ûhõÚ(àø

)4( ]Ö×#äôæø…ö‰öçûÖôä—

)Z}ZZyzZß:ZvÐegzZzgZ¤/?ñðƒÂ)iâ:Yq»(!*¹â0+{ΊghŠzXZzgZ¤/?Z(:™zÂZvZzgZkÆgÎwŧsÐZ´ykBÍß(X"!!*ÑWc*]~Zv¬\äΊÃÞwZxHìZzgZzg»gz!*g~ŒÛçV»�Ût7HX

Å‚~˜�: æøƒø…öæû]Úø^eøÏôoøÚôàø]Ö†(eFç]— ´)°wZ−+±ï)x:119|(üœì³†t]eàq†m†æ]eàœeou^iÜÂà]ÖŠ‚pÎ^ÙVÞˆÖkâ„å]ŸmèÊo]ÖÃf^ŒeàÂf‚]ÖÛ_×gæ…qØ

Ú³àe³ß³o]Ö³ÛÇn†éÒ^áO†mÓnàÊo]Ör^â×nèmŠ×Ë^áÊo]Ö†e^]ôÖoÞ^ŒÚà$ÏnÌÚàeßo•Û†éæâÜ

)5(X eßçÂÛ†æeàÂÛn†Êr^ð]Ÿ‰¡ÝæÖãÛ^œÚç]Ù¿nÛèÊo]Ö†e^

)ZâxZ0k,ZzgZâxZ0Z!q?äZKZKZ‚7Æ‚B‡~ÐtgzZe$ÒyÅì�tWe$|]„k0†ZÅ.ŒÒïEZzg4{ÆZq-¿Æ0**iwƒðìXtŠzâViâ:Yq~Ñq-¸ZzgZrVä

ÙÆ/z0@~ßÍVÃΊ~ŒÛn6,âwŠ}gǸXZ#ZsxWc*ÂZyŠzâV»(,ZuâtΊ~΃Zå(X

Å,-VÒy™D�: æøƒø…öæû]Úø^eøÏôoøÚôàø]Ö†(eFç]— ~ü ]Ör^ÚÄŸuÓ^Ý]Öφ.áXX ZâxŒÛ?LL

]á]ŸmèÞˆÖkeŠfg$ÏnÌ(æÒ^Þç]Â^â‚æ]]Ößfo"#Â×oœáÚ^ÖãÜÚà]Ö†e^Â×o]Öß^ŒÊãçÖãÜ( "

æÚ^Ö×ß^ŒÂ×nãÜÊãçÚç•çÅÂßãÜ(Ê×Û^œáq^ðl.q^Ù…e^âÜeÃ%ç]]ÖFoÚÓèÖ¡Îj–^ð(æÒ^Þk

]Ö³‚m³çáÖf³ßoÂf‚éæâÜeßçÂÛ†æeàÂÛn†eà$ÏnÌ(æÒ^ÞkÂ×oeßo]ÖÛÇn†é]ÖÛíˆæÚnnà(ÊÏ^Ù

e³ß³ç]Ö³ÛÇn†éVŸÞÃ_oOn^ð÷Ê^á]Ö†e^΂…ÊÄæ…ÊÃç]]Ú†âÜ]ÖoÂj^heà]‰n‚(ÊÓjgeä]Öo…‰çÙ

X )6( " ]Ö×ä"#(æÞˆÖk]ŸmèÊÓjgeã^…‰çÙ]Ö×ä"#]ÖoÂj^h(ÊÃ×Ûkeã^$ÏnÌÊÓËk

)tWe$´ÙÅzzÐ**iwƒðXZrVäÑ~VÐtç@{Hå�Zy»�ΊŠzu}ßÍVÆf)ìz{Z7he»hìZzg�Šzu}ßÍV»ÎŠZyÆf)ìz{çsìXZ#´ÙÆΊÅZŠZ5»

76

Page 84: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

z‰ÜWc*ÂZrVäZLHzçVÐÔ�l~¸ÔΊƻ2ÆnWŠò5XX»ÎŠåt/z0@

Ñ»†{{0+ZyåXZzgXÐΊzßw™**åz{4{¸X»&zx\ÐmåXΊƻ26,

4{ä¹�ëŒÛnÐiZZ+¼7Š,ÐZkn�Ί»™Šc*ŠHìXZzgQz{ZCçnlÆÍg3,‰[0Z¦Æ0*ká‰XZk6,|]‰[äÑ~VÖZk6,tWe$**iwƒðZzggÎwZv~V

ätWe$|]‰[ÃÉÈX´Ù{ñlƒ‰ZzgZk6,¿™DƒñΊƻ2Њ„¿ƒ

‰(X

ΊÐv»Zq-ÒþZ¤/Ãð¿ÎŠa%ËÃŒÛn:ŠbeLƒÂ‰fYäß‘40îGEŧsgZÉðÅìXZkÅ,-Vì�Z¤/Ãð¿}ih+Ô/zÐZq-â{ÆnÎgz9ŒÛnâfZzg/z%ΊnZkÃŒÛn:

ŠbeLƒÂZkßg]~Òtì�/zÎgz9ÅÃðqZkÃZq-â{ÆZŠJg6,el,|Îgz9~�Ûz|#

™}ZzgŠz!*g{z„qÎgz9~×yh+áXZk§bih+ðZ|gZq-Îgz9ïYNÐZzg/zÃZyÎgzkVÆúnZq-â{ˆel,|Îgz9ïYNÐXZk§b/zÃ�kgz9»ÎŠßÆÄZyÐïYñÇX‘40îGEƽ~ZzgZ˜kp

´)Z0Z|)x:606|(‘40îGEÅ°pÒy™Dƒñ˜�:LLZq-¿Ë¿ÃÔÃðqZkÅczs7Æúnæ]§ÆZŠJg6,�Ûz|#™}XQZk¿ÐZÏqÃ7�Ûz|#ÐÁ76,

´)Z0øxä¹ì�LLZkÑ40îGEZknë��Zk~ЊZíŧs X )7( yh+}Ôt‘40îGEìóóX )8( ß^YCìóó

´)i+Z−+Z0+B-êEEG4ß‘40îGEÆ!*g}~˜�:

LLZq-¿Ë@*Ð}Škgz9ŒÛnâ‡ìz{Zïg™@*ìQZkÃ}Gg{gz9~)æ]§Æ

ZŠJg6,(Zq-Z(ÀZ�Ûz|#™@*ìTÅczs7Škgz9ì@*�ŒÛnhezZÑz„ÀZZkÊkgz9~�Ûz|#™Š}XZzgZkÃ0*õgzBic*Š{ïYNXZkÑ40îGEZknë��Zk~ŒÛnŠ¶Ð

X )9( " ÐŧsZ²Znìß‘40îGEÅqgz!*Ñ°d]tzZã™g„���ۢΊÐvÆnÒZ(g™gì�X

77

Page 85: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ß‘40îGEÅѦw

—gZ™x~VÅZqŠg$ÔWU*§ô/gèZveZzgZZw@*ÉÅgzÝ~ß‘40îGEÅѦw»

çHYYìXZâxZ1ŠZîŠ\Bk5é EGã)x:572|(gzZe$™D�:

³à]e³à³۳†Î³^Ù‰³ÛÃk…‰çÙ]Ö×ä"#mÏçÙV]ôƒ]if^mÃjÜe^ÖÃnßèæœì„iÜ]ƒ]Þ^h "

X )01( " ]Öfφ慕njÜe^Öˆ…Åæi†ÒjÜ]Ör`^�‰×ù¼]Ö×#äÂ×nÓ܃Ÿ&Ÿm߈Âäujoi†qÃç]]ôÖFo�mßÓÜ

Òy™D��gÎwZv~Vä�Ûâc*�Z#?ß‘40îGE™zÐZzgEVÅ™~ ” )|]Z0/ñ™igZ®)6,gZèƒYîÐZzg˜ŠghŠzÐÂZv¬\?6,fª™™Š}ÇZzgZkÃZkz‰ÜJ-Šzg7™}ÇZ#J-?ZLŠ+ŧsg�q7™zÐ(X

qgz!*Ñug$~—gZ™x~VäfªÅzÏ‹ðìZzgtß‘40îGEÅw#ÖÅzZãŠ?ìXZkŠ?6,tZ‹ZnƒYì�igZ®)™ä6,ÌtzÏìQec�z{ÌNqƒYñXqÑèz{Nq

7ìXZk»�Z[tì�igZ®)6,gZèƒä»Èì�Zk~ZkŠgZÆwƒYñ�ßv˜ŠÃghŠ,X2t!*]̇.ÞÂzì�Šzu~ZqŠg$ÐigZ®)»�ZiZzgZIyU*"$ìX²ß‘40îGE»�ZiZzgZIyŠzu~ZqŠg$ÐU*"$7ÉZkÆ',@ZkÅÆ~{]ZqŠg$�XZâxZ0�ògzZe$™D�:

X )11( ÂàÂ_^ðÂà]eàÂÛ†Î^ÙVZZÞãoÂà]ÖÃnßèXX

äß‘40îGEÐI�Ûâc*(X ” )«ë��|]Z0/X )21( Âà]ÖvÓÜÂàÚŠ†æÑÎ^ÙV]ÖÃnßèu†]Ý

)¬ë��äztä¹�‘40îGEwZxì(XZâx†Z°iZt0øx3ãZÅ.{3ýE~Šg`™D�:Â³à›³^æŒÎ³^ÙVÚ³à]Oj³†pF‰³×³Ãèeß¿†éÚà…qØÊ¡mfnÃã^]ôm$^å(æÚà]Oj†pFeßÏ‚Ê¡mfnÃã^]ôm$^å

X )31( eß¿†é

)¤îkë��T¿äË¿ÐÃðqZŠJgyh+~z{Zk¿Ãz{q:�Ûz|#™}ÔZzgT¿äÃðq×yh+~z{Zk¿Ãz{qZŠJg�Ûz|#:™}(X

78

Page 86: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

+ZÅ™)éw~ì:X )41( Âà]eàÂf^ŒmÏçÙV]ƒ]eÃjÜ]ÖŠ†ÑÚà‰†Ñ]Öv†m†eߊnòèÊ¡iij†æå

�ÛâD��Z#?g1Æ•zV~ÐÃð•ZZŠJg�Ûz|#™zÂZkÃ#Öyh+z(X ” )|]Z0„kZâx†Z°iZt0øx3ãò|]¬ÈñÆjZáÐZq-gzZe$Ü™D�:³à]e³o]‰³v^ÑÂà]Ú†œiäÎ^ÖkV‰ÛÃk]Ú†œé]eo]֊ˆiÏçÙ‰^ÖkÂ^ñièÊÏ×keÃk‡m‚eà

]…γÜq³^…mè]Öo]ÖÃ_^ðe%Û^áÚ^ñè�…âÜæ]ejÃjã^ÚßäeŠkÚªé!ÊÏ^ÖkÖã^Â^ñièVeò‹Ú^]Oj†mkV

]æe³ò³³‹Ú³^]Oj³†p(]e³×³Ç³o‡m³‚e³à]…γÜ]Þ³ä΂]e_Øq`^�åÚÄ…‰çÙ]Ö׳ä"#]Ÿ]ámjçh

X )51( Î^ÖkV]ʆ]mk]á]ì„l…]ŒÚ^Öo(Î^ÖkŸe^ŒÚàq^ðåÚç¿èÚà…eäÊ^ÞjãoÊ×äÚ^‰×Ì

)Z1ZGtÅç~Òy™C��Z1ZÅi«çEÅç~ä¹�~ä|]¬ÈñÐ7Y�~äznYJ-ÆZŠJg6,WJΊgëÆúnZq-!*0+~|]ih+0Zg¶Ã�Ûz|#ÅZzgbΊgë׊}™z{

ß&+~ZyÐyh+àÔ|]¬Èñä�Ûâc*?ä',~qyh+~c*�Ûâc*ih+0Zg¶ä',~qyh+~Ô?ih+0Zg¶t�z{ZkÐÂ/™,Ô ]Ÿ ÃtxàŠz�ZrVägÎwZv~VÆ‚B�˜ŠHåZkÃ!*뙊c*Ô

~ä¹te��Z¤/~ZKZÝg¶zZ:áßVÂ?|]¬Èñä�Ûâc*Ãðw`7XZv¬\»Zg áŠì:T¿Æ0*kÃVˆZzgz{)ΊÐ(!*iWŠHÂZkä�¬1ƒZìz{Zk»ƒ[(X|]¬ÈñÅtgzZe$ò�Zzg+ZÅ™)éw~ÌìX

ZqŠg$ÔWU*gô/gèZveZzgZZw@*ÉgÂZvÐt!*]zZãƒYCì�ß‘40îGEZq-**Y,

÷ìX@*ëaè‰�YZkÆ�ZiƇb�Zknt¢zg~ì�ß‘40îGEÆ�ZiZzg°x�ZiÆ

!*g}~�ñZg‹ÆŠÑb»ÌY,{á1YñX

ß‘40îGE~�Yâɽ0îG»ñ"´)Z0g”âË)x:595|(˜�:

LLZ#Ãð¿æ]¥ÆZŠJg6,Ãðq�Ûz|#™}QZkqÃyh+áÂZk~âßg'�X~‚]~Z·tìZzgŠz~Z%sìXXŠz~Z%sìz{t�:æ]¥ÆZŠJg6,�Ûz|#

™äƈæ]7g~ƒäЬZkÃÁ76,yh+ác*æ]¦/gäƈZkÃic*Š{76,

X )61( yh+}XZâxâ´Zzg/gZIæÜÆ4,Šq-tY,7ìóó

79

Page 87: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

´)Z0g”ä|]¬ÈñÅZkug$»f™HìT~ZrVä|]ih+0Zg¶ÅZx

z−ÅZ+ß™ä6,è#ÖÅZzg|]ih+0Zg¶ÃzÏ‹ðX

¦»ñ"

}UÆczs$´)Z0ŠZ)U)x:026|(˜��LLT¿äZŠJg76,Zq-

×yh+1ÂZÒZIDÆ4,Šq-tßY,7ìX|]Z0„kÔ q�Ûz|#ÅÔQZkqÃÁ76,

|]¬ÈÔŒy~ÔZ0§+Ôš-öIEZzg�и%z~ìXZ1Z²**ŠÔg�Ô†Z+m,0Z!�ÔNg~ÔZâx

X )71( ZziZ¦ÔZâxâ´ÔZGtZzgZô[gZñ)�ñZ¦s(»Ì¸wìóó

ß‘40îGE~�Y á›»ñ"

´)âz~ áw)x:676|(˜�:LLß‘40îGENq7ìóóXZkƈߑ40îGEÅ°p™D

�:LLZq-¿Šzu}¿ÃÃðqZŠJg�Ûz|#™}Zzgz{qZkÊ}Š}ÔQZkÐ7zßw™äX )81( ЬÁ7׊}™z{qZkÐyh+áóó

gzvî EGZ®(ÆÃå&BgöIØZ«»gŠ™DƒñµZ£ZzgòZ1ŠZîŠÆjZáÐ|]Z0/

Åz{gzZe$f™™D�T~gÎwZv~Väß‘40îGE6,fªÅzÏ‹ðìXQ˜��tug$ ”

X )91( Zk6,ŠÑª™Cì�‘40îGEwZxìZâxZ1–� áw)x:854|(Ô|]¬ÈñÅgzZe$»�Z[Šïƒñ˜�XZâx áw)x:402|(�ÛâD��LLZ¤/tgzZe$U*"$ƒÂZk»�Z[tì�|]¬Èñä

znYJ-ÆZŠJgÅè#ÖŶYètæ]!wìZzgZkÃëÌ**Y,ë�Ôt!*]7ì�|]¬Èñäß‘40îGE»gŠHåZzgZ#ô/»ËX~Z%sƒÂëZkw6,¿™D��ªkÆŒÛd$ƒXZzgªkÆ_.|]ih+0Zg¶»¸wìÔYè|]ih+0Zg¶ß‘40îGEÃ'w:BÂtß:

X )02( ™Dóó´)Z0F,¾ã4)x:548|(Zâx áw)x:402|(ÆZk�Z[»gŠ™Dƒñ˜�:

Zâx áw)x:402|(äZkug$Æo]~F,ŠŠHìXZk»�Z[tì�¬D)Zkug$

ÅgZzt(cz†ìXZk»{z0+ZzggCŠzâVczs�XŠzâVZâx�ZzgZâxZ0xyòäZy»p]@*É~f™HìZzgZkug$Æ_.ZâxNg~ÔZâxZziZ¦ÔZâxZ1�gÂZvZzgZyÆZô[ÔZâxâ´ÔZâx

80

Page 88: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Z0NmZzgŒ0™ÔgÂZv»è<ØìXZzgZ_5åGE»g~ì�š-öIEÔ¬Zzg׊Ìß‘40îGEÐI™D¸X

æ]!wìZzgZkzzÐ|]¬ÈñäZkßÅ " znÅzß1!J- " g;Zâx áw»ŠzuZZ‹Zn�è#ÖŶÔÎZkÆ�Z[~´)Z0F,¾ã4˜�:

Zq-)®)ätf™Hì�|]¬ÈñznÅzß1!J-ßÃY,ŒÛZgŠî‰XZâxZ0Z!�äZK'~f™Hì�Z']Z>ÝznÅzß1!J-ZŠJg6,ZâYyh+C‰XZ1–gZi~ä¹Z¤/tZ‹ZnHYñ�|]¬Èä¬-)ªznÅZŠZ5J-ÆZŠJg6,�ßŶ(»YVZïgHqÑèz{ZyÆ4,Šq-9åÂët}Ð�|]¬ÈñÃtDå�Z1ZÅi«çEÅizzäZk«ßÆ:LЊzu~ß»pHå6�ßv)ß‘40îGE~(™D�ÔZzgZ#Z1ZÅi«çEÅç~ä¹teñ

ʳ۳àq³³^ðåÚç " �Z¤/~ÜsZCZÝâwáßVÂ?Zzg|]¬ÈñäZkÆ�Z[~tWe$7,S

ÂZk~Zk!*]ÅŠ?ì�ª-!*¹åZzg|]¬ÈñäZïg " ³¿èÚ³à…e³äʳ^ÞjãoFÊ×äÚ^‰×Ì

Šzu}-»HåZzgZ¤/z{znÅzß1!J-ZŠJgÅzzЬ-»Zïg™'6�Zâx áw»iøìX )12( ª-!*¹:gL)ZzgQZkWe$Æ7,"ÅÃðzz:¶(óó

5Z‡g~)x:4101Y(˜��LL´)zòäZâx áwòÆ�Z[~¹ì�znÅzß1!Åæ]»!wƒ**NqìÔYè3‘VÃzn‚w~Zq-c*Šz!*gMìZzgZkÅæ]ic*Š{F,³ƒCì

Zi,|]¬È»¸w|]ih+Æ÷6, Zzg|]ih+0Zg¶Æ÷»ªkÆ_.ƒ**ÂìX´z{gZSìXYè|]¬Èñ»¸wgÎwZv~VÆZkZg áŠÆ_.ìT~gÎwZv-ZvmzÅ

X )22( äß‘40îGEÆ!*g}~zÏ‹ðìX)W\~V»Zg ኬ܃[ì(Zâx áwòÆŠÑb»Z¤/´)Z0F,¾ãò)x:548|(Zzg5Z‡g~ò)x:4101|(ÆŠÑbÆ‚B

».ÞHYñÂZâx áwòÆñ"Å$Šg~Z×ðZÛìX

ß‘40îGE~�YZ¦s»ñ"}4Æczs¢©->î

EGGXZâx·0Œyã)x:981|(˜�X

γ^Ù]e³çußnËèzVZZÚà]Oj†p‰×ÃèeßÏ‚]æeߊnòèÊÏf–ã^æÖÜmßÏ‚]Ö%Ûàujoe^Âã^Úà

]Ö³„p]Oj³†]â³^ڳ߳äe^ÎØÚà]Ö%ÛàÊ¡ìn†Ênä]ÖoÎçÖäæÒ„ÖÔe×Çß^ÂàÂ^ñiè]Ý]ÖÛ©Úßnàz]á

]Ú³†œ³éÎ^ÖkÖ`^]ÞoeÃk‡m‚eà]…ÎÜq^…mèe%Û^ÞÛ^ñè�…âÜ]ÖoÂ_^ñäæ]Oj†mjã^ÚßäeŠjÛ^ñè�…âÜ

81

Page 89: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

޳ϳ‚]ʳϳ^ÖkÂ^ñièeò‹Ú^O†mkeò‹Ú^O†mk=]e×Ço‡m‚eà]…ÎÜ]Þä΂]e_Øqã^�åÚÄ…‰çÙ

X )32( ]Ö×ä"#]áÖÜmjg]Öv‚m&XX

)ZâxZ1��ÛâD��T¿ä×c*ZŠJg76,Zq-qyh+~Zkq6,ï™1Zzg7ZŠZ

7Å‚�z{qZk¿Ã7yh+ÐÁ6,�Ûz|#™Š~TÐyh+~¶Zk~Ãðq7ìX…Zk

§btug$âì�Zq-úg]ä|]¬ÈñZxZ>Ýй~ä|]ih+0Zg¶ÃznÅzßàJ-ÆZŠJg6,WJΊgëÆúnZq-!*0+~�Ûz|#ÅìQz„!*0+~ZyÃbΊgë×}Š}™yh+àX

|]¬Èñä�Ûâc*:?ä',~yh+Zg~Å!?ä',~yh+Zg~ÅXih+0Zg¶Ã÷ZtxàŠz�Z¤/ZrVäÂ/:ÅÂZrVägÎwZv~VÆ‚B�˜ŠHåz{!*ëƒYñÇ(X´)Z1Zd%‘45é EGEã)x:395|(˜�X

LLT¿äZq-DÙZgŠgë×c*ZŠJgÆúnZq-!*0+~yh+~ZzgZk6,ï™1Q7ZŠZ™äЬz{!*0+~0*õΊgëÆúnZÏ!*ùÃ�Ûz|#™Š~ÂßU*ãY,7ìXZâx áwë��tY,ìÔYèïÆZkÅ!åƒZzg!*ùc*ZkÆ)Ã�Ûz|#™**ŠzâV',Z',�ÔZzgtZ,ì‰

Zkä«7c*ZkÐic*Š{76,c*ËqÆúnZkÃ�Ûz|#HÔZzgøg~Š?tì�Túg]äWJÎ~Ýxyh+äƈbÎ~)ZÏ!*ùÃ(�Ûz|#HåXZkúg]Ð|]¬Èñä�Ûâc*?ä',~yh+Zg~Å!?ä',~yh+Zg~Å!Zzgih+0Zg¶Ã÷ZtxàŠz�Z¤/ZrVäÂ/:ÅÂZrVägÎwZv~VÆ‚B�˜ŠHåÔz{!*ëƒYñÇ2Zkn�ZÌ)¬(!*ùÅJ-$~77Wð

¶Ô:Z#ŠZkÆ0*kzZ:WˆÂ0*õΊgë¼™äƈZkÃ0*õΊgëiZZ+šúnïX )42( ‰óó´)Z0øxò)x:168|(˜��LLZ¤/|]¬ÈñägÎwZv~VÐt:‹ƒ@*Âz{ZL

X )52( Z¾ŠÐtzÏ7‹$ˉóó´)$+gZ−+v4)x:558|(˜�:LLZkug$ÐzzZ+Ñwtì�|]¬Èñä°xÂ/Åßg]~Zk-ÅzzÐ|]ih+Æe

!*]gZñÐ7½Y$ËÔÎtgÎwZv~VДƒð!*]¶ÔZzg- Zzg˜ŠÆûyÅzÏ‹ðZzgt96,twZ%A$7ƒCÔZkÐ¥xƒZ�t-ÇìZzg"—|]ih+ä|]¬ÈñÐ

82

Page 90: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

mg]ÅZzgtÌ|]¬ÈñÆ�qÅŠ?ìÔYèZñ§Z¿Št~ô/Zq-Šzu}Å#¿™DX )62( Zzgmg]7™Dóó

´)Z0øx)x:168|(˜�:γ^ÙÚ³v³Û‚…uÛä]Ö×äVZZâ„]]ÖfnÄÊoÎ×foÒªÚ%^Ù]Örf^ÙƒÚnÜ]ìj†Âä.Ò×è]Ö†eFçæ΂

ƒÚã³Ü…‰³çÙ]ֳ׳ä"#ÊÏ^Ù]ƒ]if^mÃjÜe^ÖÃnàæ]ifÃjÜ]ƒÞ^h]ÖfφƒÖ×jÜæ¾ã†Â×nÓÜ‚æÒÜ]p

]Oj³Ç³×j³Üe³^Öv†'Âà]Ör`^�æÊo…æ]mè‰×¼Â×nÓÜO†]…ÒÜÊn‚Âçìn^…ÒÜÊ¡mŠjr^hÖÓÜ

X ESND æÎnØ]m^Õæ]ÖÃnßèÊ^Þã^ÖÃnßèXX

)Zâx·òä�Ûâc*�tß÷}Šw~NhzVŧbìÔtßèñxìTÃΊpgzVä{1ìZzgÎwZv~VäZyÅè#ÖÅìZzg�Ûâc*�Z#?ß‘40îGE™zÐZzgEVÅŠñVÃñzÐÂf?ƒYîÐZzg?6,vg}ŠÔ¸WYNÐXªZ#?k!*h~~'wƒ™˜ŠÃghŠzÐZzgZq-gzZe$~ì?6,',}ßv™™Š�YNÐXvg}(ßvŠ¬N™,ÐZzgz{Jw:ƒVÏZzgZq-gzZe$~ì�ß‘40îGEДYèZk6,ÒÅì(X�YÃäß‘40îGEÃ(z{’aŒÛZgŠc*ìX´)°wZ−+pZgiò˜�:

ZZen³Ä]Ö³Ãn³ß³äÚ³Ó³†æåƒÚnÜ]ìj†Âä!Ò×è]Ö†eFç]æ΂ƒÚãÜ…‰çÙ]Ö×ä"#e„ÖÔÊÏ^Ù

]ƒ]if³^m³Ãj³Üe³^Ö³Ãn³àæ]if³Ãj³Ü]ƒÞ³^h]Öf³Ï³†ƒÖ×jÜæ¾ã†Â×nÓÜ‚æÒÜæÎnØ]m^Õæ]ÖÃnßèÊ^]Þã^

X )82( ÖÃnßèXX

)ß‘40îGE(z{ZzgèñxìZkÃΊpgzVä{1ìZzggÎwZv~VäZyÅè#ÖÅìZzg�Ûâc*Z#?ß‘40îGE™zÐZzgEVÅŠñVÃñzÐÂf?ƒYîÐZzgvg}ŠÔ?6,¸WYNÐZzg

Zq-gzZe$~ìß‘40îGEДYèZk6,Òňì(XXZâx áwòZzgZ1-ŠòÆ )92( ZâxZ1-Šò)x:281|(ë��LLß‘40îGE(z{7ìY,ìóó

ŠÑb~Ãð�Ût7ìXèÃg{!*Ñ,Æ_.ZâxZ1�ò)x:051|(Æ4,Šq-ß‘40îGENqìXZâxZ1

-Šò)x:281|(äZkÃY,¹ìXZâx·ò)x:981|(äZkÃ(z{èñxŒÛZgŠc*ìZzgŠv�ñZ¦säZâx·òÆwÃZ(gHìX

83

Page 91: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

)q¢ÆâCÙuñÑ**·i¢ãòß‘40îGEÆ!*g}~˜�:X )03( LLtΊqÝ™ä»Zq-ÒìZknwZxZzg**Y,ìóó

ß‘40îGEÅ%zzÕÿ

Zkz‰ÜçÑ}~ß‘40îGEZªV~gZòìZzg$+¬ÐZk»gzZ`gzi',zi(,kYg;ìXfs~ZkÅPÕÿÒyÅYC�:

1Xig¦%

X )23( W!*Š~ŠŒ]~gSì 63% X² )13( %,³¢aì 796,095 0*Îy»ÀgK

X¾d$»Þg )33( %,³¢aì 269,500 �X0*Îy»‡.Þ»“gK Zzgtßvk!*h~ÐzZh

ZKÁdZzg˜ªÅzzлgz!*g~|Z]Æ;ðVZ¡w»DgìXÅ1ZðгÕJ-

Wh8VÐŒÛ26,QŠZñV3ŠÔ4}ÔÕ@z){qÝGYD�ZzgZÝ7ÐFkHic*Š{7

Æ‚BtŒÛ2zZ:ƒD�XtZq-|ì�»ÞgZK»g™ÆWhfÆjZᙊêìZzg5`ÆnQZkÐŒÛn6,ZZâYqÝ™@*ìXZk6,!k2.çGEZŠt�Z#ËfZC¢zg]ÆnZЦVÅ¢zg]ƒÂWhfÐZkz°}6,ZÝ7Ðic*Š{6,3Šc*4}z){yh+@*ì�&c*egâ{

ˆbzZ:™zVÇZzgQz„3Šc*4}z){ZÏWhfÃ×76,Ö@™bqÝ™@*ìXß‘40îGEÅtig¦´V~ZzgSî†!º[~¬xìXZkçA~ËZq-�Û&ÃñgŠZ²ZxIZ**oƒ7ƒÇX�ÛtÜstì�Zq-§s˜ªZzgµ/È~»hZyÃW@*ìZzgŠzu~§sÈg~ZzgpŠ¾èúc*VìX

(,}iŒZg¢zg]Æz‰Üic*Š{76,R,IZŠJgqÝ™D�ZzgQz�Á76,Ö@™ZK

¢zg'7g~™C�XtZq-e{cì�ZyÅ¢zg'Ç¢zg'ƒC�c*7X

2X98-»»gz!*gW·àzV~Zlo6,ZâYqÝ™ä»gDy¬xƒg;ìXZ,~Ô@ÔZzggzxðÐá™

Z•ðPZâYJ-ÇV6,qÝÅY$Ë�XZkgzZ`ä˜VúZxZÜkZzg»gz!*g~|Z]Æn

jyzZEyZzgo«ÆŠgzZi}Åá�z�Zk»gz!*gäß‘40îGEÃÌ�ÛzrŠc*ìXàzV~tx@{

84

Page 92: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

HYYì�Zq-¿Ã¦VÅ¢zg]ìz{98-WnÐÇV6,ñR,‚¡qÝ™@*ìZzgQŠZñV

yh+äƈz�6,:Ö@ŠêìXZk§b»gz!*g»â´Zq-)Ѧ.Æfg)ZLnΊÃY,™©8ìXZkçA~Ìf)ŠZg~ËZq-�Û&6,7eZàY$ËX

³³³³cccc

ß‘40îGEÆ!*g}~ZâxZ1�ÔZâx·ÔZâxâ´ZzgZâxZ£0NmgÂZv¬\äzZãîg6,tñ"Z(gH�t**Y,ìXÜsZâx áwòZzgZâxZ1-ŠòäZkßÆ�Zi»:òŠc*X�ZiZzg°x�ZiÆŠÑb»‹t™äаx�Zi»ñ"ŒÛ+ßZ[¥xƒ@*ìXß‘40îGEÅ%zzªVÐÌZkß»pŠ¾è6,FFƒ**zZãìX¢zg]ZkZ%Åì�úZxZÜkÃZsòZßw¤®)Zzgµ/È~ŧsâbHYñ@*�Z7Z¡wÐ�]q݃nX

85

Page 93: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

jZÙzjZ!Y]621X / 1XZ�ÛjÔZ0àgÔ—yZ²[ÔŠZgZ§ZnZ_Z²!ÔÛz]Ô8041|Ô5

043X / 2XZ0Z²!ÔZ1–·0†ZvÔZ©xZÅWyÔ,·ŠZgZH£îEGÔÛz]Ô]XyÔ1

ZÂ>Ô2:572X Îg> 3X

ZÂ>Ô2:872X972X Îg> 4X

663X / 5X±ïÔ°wZ−+ÔŠg]gÔ,·!‹3œî EÔÔÔ4131|Ô1

432X532X / 6XŒÛ?ÔZ1†Zv·0Z£ÔZÎìÑ©xZÅWyÔŠZgZÅ›Ð.0îGGÔÛz]Ô8041|Ô2

333X433X / 7Xbg~Ô·0Z|Ô.tÔ,·ñbpîGZ�“5Ò5é GGy¶ÔZk,ZyÔ4631|Ô3423X / 8XZ0øxÔ¾wZ−+ÔìZ;k,Ô,·âgtgçt4Ô]XyÔ6532X / 9XZ0

+B-êEEGÔi+Z−+ÔZsZ°ZëÔ,·„â].tÔÃ@Ô]XyÔ6

431X / Ô2 01XZ1ŠZîŠÔÑy0Z^šï IIÔòZ1ŠZîŠÔ,·-&C45é EGEðÔ0*ÎyÔуgÔ5041|74X / Ô6 11XZ0Z!�ÔZ1–†Zv0·ÔZÅ.{3ýEÔ,·ZŠZg>ZÅWy™ZcÔ6041|

21XZsX

681X / Ô8 31X3ãÔ†Z°iZt0øxÔZÅ.{3ýEÔ,·‰ZsòÛz]Ô2931|391X / Ô4 41X',;y7g~Ô´îZ−+Zs0ˆxZ−+Ô+ZÅ™)éwÔ,·ñbpîGZ°‚ÈîGÛz]Ô5041|

581X / 51X3ãÔZÅ.{3ýEÔ8

601X701X / Ô2 61XZ0g”Ô·0Z£ÔâËZ0+©Ô$+ZtZÅ+B-<å EGXz.!îGGZ

Å.©3}åGGÔ,·ŠZgZËÛz]Ô]Xy

721X / Ô4 71XZ0ŠZ)UÔñ¬Z−+Z1·†Zv0Z£ÔZhÔ,·ŠZgZËÛz]Ô5041|614X714X / Ô3 81Xâz~Ô¼0ÑsÔgzvî EGZ®(Ô,·‰ZsòÛz]Ô5041|

614X / Ô3 91Xqígzvî EGZ®(Ô,·‰ZsòÛz]Ô5041|033X133X / Ô5 02X�ÔZ1–Z£0@0ZÔòºòÔ,·íZwMyÔ]Xy

033X133X / Ô5 12XZ0F,¾ãÔ´îZ−+0Z0¢yâgŠ´ÔZœCÙZÅ3§öEG

Ô,·íZwMyÔ]Xy36X / Ô6 22X5Z0Îy·ZØg~Ô%‡]Z…×@Ô,·„ZæZŠtMyÔ0931|647X847X / Ô2 32XyãÔ·0ŒÔÂ[ZÄA@îEGÔ,·ŠZgZšgsZÅ3™)é E6ÔуgÔ]Xy

Ôm:75X85X 42X%‘45é EGEãÔZ1ZdZ0Z!–Ô@ZtZí+Ô,·„ѺMy

07X / 52XZ0øxÔìZ;k,Ô6

89X / Ô3 62XvÔ$+gZ−+Z1·úŠ0Z£Ô¯tÑb@ZtÔ,·oÜßW!*ŠÔ]Xy

423X / 72XZ0øxÔìZ;k,Ô6

86

Page 94: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

323X / Ô6 82X°wZ−+pZgiòÔñtììZ;k,Ô,·„âgtgçt4Ô]Xy181X : Ôm 92XZ1-ŠÔ©[0Z',Z�ÔÂ[ZsU*gÔ,·„ZW,t‚IÔ]Xy

361Ô461X : Ôm 03Xi¢ãÔZsxZzg].h+çÙ)b)¢Šzì(ÔZŠZg{Zsx]™Zc9241|13 . en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/pakistan.

23 . www.tradingeconomics.com/pakistan/rural-population-percent-of-tota

l-population-wb-data.html.

33 . www.tradingeconomics.com/pakistan/agricultural-land-percent-of-land

-area-wb-data.html.

87

Page 95: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

DDDDggggÌÌÌÌŒŒŒŒÛÛÛÛWWWWãããã»»»»¬¬¬¬ggggssss))))ZZZZqqqq----YYYY^,,,,{{{{((((Introduction of Quranic Orthography ((((An Overview))))

/ )g=

Abstract

The topic is relating to introduction and historical background of Quranic

Orthography. After narrating a brief introduction of Quranic Orthography

(ilm-ur-rasam), I have elaborated the characteristics of Quranic Orthography in

this Article. In addition, conflicting views of Muslim scholars regarding the subject

are also highlighted. As Masahif-e-Usmania are basis of Quranic Orthography, the

historical background and other aspects and features of these Masahif are also

identified. I have also described few examples of the conflicts between Quranic

orthography and Arabic calligraphy.

ŒÛWyœÅ}.#ÖÆpVyZyZzg_·ŒÛWyÆ%zVÁz+�ZzgŒÛWy™*Ð0t

dyZyZzgdÄZy¼Š’k]Zzg%zV@*c]z�Š~Ññ�XZy~ÐZq-ZëZzgãCŠ~

yZyLLZÅ3úE

ZÅWãóó)Ü‹ŒÛWy(ÅÜ~Â"$ZzgZÏÂ"$ÜÆZ°zçZ*ÆÒy»d

ÄZyLLDZ°ÌóóìX

ggggÌÌÌÌ»»»»½½½½~~~~pppp

²!i!*y~âŠ{gXkXxZçãÆnZEwƒ@*ìX~ÐZq-pLLZW,c*¶KyóóÆ

óói}6,kyÆ� …‰³Ü]Ö³‚]…VÚ³^Ò³^áÚ³à�$³^…a³^Ÿ‘Ï^e^¢…š �XZÏn²!~¹Y@*ìLL

óóÆZÖpÌZEwƒD …‰³Ü]Ö³Çn&]Ö‚]… ZW,Z]!*¹g{‰ƒVZ7g̹Y@*ìXZzg²!i!*y~LL

�Xªi}6,!*gl»ƒäˆ�WU*gghîìZyWU*gÃLLgÌóó¹Y@*ìZϧbLLgÌóóÆçã

¼gÔe6g¹WsZsîZSm,ÔD-Eg;WsâegyÉ45½ð GEY+?ç GEEÔZÝX9ÔZsxW!*ŠÔ0*ÎyX /

89

Page 96: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

i†‰Ü]Ö†‰Ü óËqÅYyœ™äÆnÌWD�6¹Y@*ì:LL ]Öß¿†æ]ÖjˆŒÖ×#oðX LL

ó~äyƶK**]» Þ³¿³†l]Ö³o…‰çÝ]Ö‚]…X óóZzgZϧbF,‚ÆçãƒD�:LL VÞ³¿³†]Önä

X i†‰Ûk]ÖÛ߈Ù(]piªÚ×k…‰Ûäæiˆ‰jäXX 5±gzjnÐHXZϧbLL

…‰³³³³ÜÒ³³³³„] Z¤/âŠ{gXkXx)d(Æ‚B¼~ƒÂÂ"$Æp~ZEwƒ@*ì‰:LL

óXZkz‰Ü¹Y@*ìZ#Ãð‘XfzZ°%îG»Zq-ÄZ0ZpgZÆJ�ÛjäZkpÅ@*G æ…4³Ü]ƒ]ÒjgX

~7Hì�Šg`fsì:

ÒªÞ`^e^Ö`‚Ú¡l]Ö†æ]‰nÜ æø:ôÚûßèºaøn$røkû4øçÎoÚøÃ^ÖôÛö`^

Zzgiâ:Yq~ÃÆa²[LLgzZ®óó»ÂZEw™D¸XZϧbLLN[%Ìóó&B‹ûEÀ}Æ

i³©$³†Êo]¢…šÚà óó»ÂZkZzïÆnZEwƒ@*ì�LL Þ³^Î躅‰çÝ nZEwƒ@*ìXZϧbLL

óó�ZL0*ƒVÆizgŠZgZ0+ZiÐi}6,ZLŠñVƶK**]ghŠ}X 4‚é]Öç½ð

XZzgZkÆ%ZŠÃ]Z�ÔZ2/ÔZ²',ÔZÅi�çÔ )1( ª]gpZÌBwì Z]Ö³Û³†‰çÝXX Ð%ZŠL ZZ]Ö³†‰ÜXX

Z°¶ÔZ°ÖZzgZÅ:Cé XEYz){�Zy~ÐŒÛWy™*ÅÂ"$ÆKÂLLâóóÐÀ˜æïZzgpÛ+»Òy

ZzgZkÅ@*gõ%ZŠàYCìZzgtæoZzg!ígcâ»yZyìX

DDDDZZZZ°°°°ÌÌÌÌÅÅÅÅZZZZ˜kkkk°°°°ppppZZ]Ö`³³r³³³^ð( 6¬¦/g[ìâ»ÂæïZzgpÛ+ÆnZEwƒ@*ìXZϧb

óZzgZkƺ]ZzgZy6,FFF,ZIZ5YŒÛWyÆZßwzZ°ÆsV~Zq-DZzgZq-®Æ ]Ö³³†‰³ÜX

Z˜k**x0`�XZkDÅ°p~fYÆZZZw��Šg`fs�:

Zâx8�.ç EE~äDZ°ÌÅ°pŠg`fsZÖp~Åì:

ZZaöçÚí^ÖËjäE]p]Ö†‰Ü]ÖÏn^‰oD(ef‚Ùœæ‡m^:é(œæÊ’Ø(œææ‘ØÖׂŸÖè

X )2( óó Â×oƒ]l]Öv†Íœæ]‘×äœæʆÂäœæ…ÊÄÖf‹œæÞvçå

LLDZ°ÌÐ%ZŠÔg̪ÏÆ‚BgÌ¢ã»Z%sÒy™**Ô$+wÔic*Š]c*`ZzgzÝ~Zk

§bZyŊѪws6,ìc*ZkÆZÝZzg�Ûq6,ìZk§bZy~Z£8k»eg»ƒYñóóX

90

Page 97: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ZâxyZiäZkÅ°pŠg`fsZÖp~Åì:

X )3( óó Â×ÜmÆÍeäÚí^ÖË^lì¼]ÖÛ’^uÌ]ÖÃ%Û^Þn袑çÙ]Ö†‰Ü]ÖÏn^‰o LL

LLz{DTÆfg)…rz¢6Æèo»g̪ÏÆZßßVÆ‚BZ%s»

Ø−óóX

Zq-[¬ÝäZkÅ°pŠg`fsZÖp~Åì:

X EPD ZZÂ×ÜmöÆøÍeôäÚí^ÖËè]ÖÛ’^uÌ]ÖÃ%Û^Þn袑çÙ]Ö†‰Ü]ÖÏn^‰oXX

LLz{DTÆfg)rz¢6Zzgg̪ÏÆZßßV~Z%sÆ!*g}~Y**YñóóX

�†ZAig‡ãäZkÅ°p~-VgBZi�:

X )5( óó ]Öç•Ä]Ö„p]…i–^åÂ%Û^á!…•o]Ö×#äÂßä!ÊoÒj^eèÒ×Û^l]Öφ�áæu†æÊä LL

LLz{zäTÃ|]¢yXgèZvÅXäÜ]zwzsŒÛW6ÅÂ"$~Z(gHóóX

eZË‚Ý&D4jè GEä�†ZAig‡ãÅf™™Š{°pÄðh}ŠpÆ‚BÜHìz{˜�:

ZZæø]Ö†$‰Ü]¦‘_¡uomöÏø^ÙÖäE]ÖÃ%Û^ÞoDÚø^Òjfkeä]Ö’v^eè!…•ç]á]Ö×#ä!Â×n`Ü

X )6( ]qÛÃnà!]ÖÛ’^uÌXX

LLgÌZ˜kÃgÌ¢ã̹Y@*ìZzgZkÐ%ZŠz{gÌZ�ìT6,ô/™ZxärzÃ

–óóX

‡g~g°jägÌZ�Å°pZyZÖp~ÜÅì:

LLŒÛWãÜ]Ãv.szic*Š]ZzgzÝzsÅ0*È~Æ‚BZk6,rT6,ô/»Z)qì

X )7( ZzgÂZF,÷BÑ™*X~VXЮwìóó

èÃg{!*Ñ°d]Ð…è¸ì:

«°pZk!*]ÅÜZs#™CìgÌ¢ãZzgªÏ~£â]ZzgÜ]»Z%sñ�Š Z³X

ìX

[XeZË‚Ý&D4jè GEZzg‡g~g°jÅ°p~Zk!*]ŧsZ�ág{MìZkgÌZ�6,ô/»Z)q

91

Page 98: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ìXZzgtgÌZ�ÂZF,Æ‚B®wìX

`XZyÓxèÃg{°¶VÆŠgxy4,Zq&Z%sŠìZzgZy~rŠbeìX

gÌ�¦Zzgg̪Ïc*âZzggÌZ�»�ÛtëŠg`fsVßVЙMh�X

(ZyÜ]»ñ�Š{â ]ÖÃ×ÛnàD(E]Ö†uÛàD(E]Ö’F×vFkD(Ea©ŸðD(EÚàÞf^−]ÖÛ†‰×nà )

ó~LLc*Yóóè Ú³àÞf³^−X ó~LLzZzóóZzgLL a©ŸðX gÌŒÛWãÆñZ¬ìYèZy~LLZ³óó–ƒZ7ìZzgLL

ƒðìXZzgZ¤/ZyÊg`fs§iÐK:

(ÂZyÅÂ"$Í ]ֳó^Ö³ÛnàD(E]Ö†uÛ^áD(E]Ö’^Öv^lD(Ea^œŸðD(EÚàÞf^ð]ÖÛ†‰×nà )

ÈÆ_.ìpgÌ¢ãÆ!*ssìXZϧbZ¤/ZyZÖpÃâ¬ÅOñâ&)ZgŠz(~

KA$ÌZ¤/ZÖpzwzs~¶�:ƒÂtZÖpâÆ$+wYäÆ!*z�ŠgÌ¢ãÆñZ¬ƒfZzg

Z¤/wzs~¶�g{YñÂQgÌ¢ãÆÜsƒfeìâÃð̃X

ggggÌÌÌÌ¢¢¢¢ããããÅÅÅÅSSSS::::]]]]ZZZZzzzzggggZZZZZZZZ++++gÌ¢ãÅS:]~ÐPZq-Šg`fs�:

Zk»Èt쉣â]6,˜VZ³ƒ**ecz;Vrz¢6~Z³Ã vvvv....ssss:::: 1111XXXX

(~wsc*Y6,ZzgZϧbÝ:)˜é WR#-êEQG

( m«m%ø^]Öß$^Œö v.s™Šc*ŠHìX‰Ý:)

~;ñØ6,Z³7,JY@*ìX1gÌZ�~’k,7XZϧbzZƒÔÑxÔc*YZzgv.s$+zy‡°{ÌXv.s

ÅZZDw�X

ic*Š]»ÈgÌZ�~ËÝ»ZŸ†™**ì}Ü‹ŒÛW6~CÙZkzZƒÆˆ iiiicccc****ŠŠŠŠ]]]]:::: 2222XXXX

Úö³¡Î³ç]…øe(`³Ü(e³ß³ç]]‰³³†]ñnØ(]æÖç Z³»ZŸ†™Šc*Y@*ì�+¦ÆzZµƒc*7À)éS¦ƒX†ê:)

(X ]¢Öf^h

²!~‰ZÖpÇ°{$§B-êGEE

GÆæÃZyÅZÝÅOñZyÃzZƒÐ–Y@*ì@* ZZZZ$$$$++++ZZZZwwww:::: 3333XXXX

(Æ (]Ö³ˆÒçFé(]ÖvnçFé é ]Ö’×çF Ã) (]Övn^éD é (]ÖˆÒ^ é E]Ö’¡ ZyÆn{mZ�Zx»ZÖgƒn‰

Z0+Zi~’k,HŠHìX

92

Page 99: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ZkÐ%ZŠtìŠzI÷wzsÃZµZµ–YñX `:::: 4444XXXX

Zk»ÈtìwsLLZyóó<<ÃwsLLÑYóóÆ‚B5™7,JYñX²ws zzzzÝÝÝÝ:::: 5555XXXX

LLÑYóóZkÆzZµƒXZϧbws)!è LEQË“è MEQ(Ã)â(Æ‚B5™7,−ecX²ZyÆwsLLâóó

X )8( èÃgƒ

DDDDggggÌÌÌÌŒŒŒŒÛÛÛÛWWWWãããã»»»»ññññççççqqqqrzè¢6Æwzs»_·ZzgZkÅZS:])v.sÔic*Š]ÔZzgzÝ(

X )9( z){

DDDDggggÌÌÌÌŒŒŒŒÛÛÛÛWWWWããããÅÅÅž¾¾¾nnnnzzzz¸eeee$$$$

Zkžnz¸e$tì�ŒÛZYZ]gÌÜÆñZ¬�Z7JwHYñZzg�ZkÆ#³

X )01( �Z7gŠHYñ

DDDDggggÌÌÌÌŒŒŒŒÛÛÛÛWWWWããããÆÆÆÆZZZZZZZZ++++DgÌŒÛWãƹic*Š{ZZ+�XZy~PZëŠg`fs�:

gÌ¢ã~ZŒÛZYZ]»ÒpgnpƒñÜ]zwzsÅÂ"$ňìZ¤/Zq-Ý ZZZZ³³³³XXXX

~Zq-Ðic*Š{ŒÛZYZ]ƒVÂz{‚g~ŒÛZYZ]ZkÝÅÂ"$Й~WÃX}Šg`fsWe$~

5±ƒ:

— ]ôáaF„ø]áôÖøŠø^uô†ø]áô ™

We$èÃg{!*ÑÃÜ¢ã~-V–ŠHì:

)11( ( ]7a‚7ÖŠ^u†]7 )

%$©û EGZzgZ²Z[ZzgšŸh+zbxÆ–ŠHìXtgÌZ�Zk!*]ŧsZ�ág{ìtÝŠg`fseg

§hVÐ7,JŠHìZzgz{egzVŒÛZYZ]Ä�:

Zâx**«ZzgZyÆ!5åGEÅŒÛZY]:âyLLZì‡óóÆŸh+ZzgLLBZyóóÆfÆ 1X

‚B7,_�X

93

Page 100: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Zâx5ÅŒÛZY]:z{fâyLLZyóóZzgLLBZyóóÃZ³Æ‚B7,_�X 2X

ZâxP!/zÅŒÛZY]:z{ZyéÆâyßh+Æ‚BZzgLLc*óóZzgfâyÆ‚B 3X

7,_�X ZZa„màXX

ZâxZ0MÅŒÛZY]z{LLZyóóÆâyÃ+B©3¨éGEE

GESZzgLLBZyóóÆâyßh+Æ‚B 4X

X )21( 7,_�

‰¸]wŧsZ�ág{™äÆn‰Ü]Ãg̪ÏÆÜs–$ìX [[[[XXXX

†êJY@*-MÉ£â]6,@*}<<–ŠHìZzgtµðŹìX}Z°9*îGÔZkÝÃ7g}ŒÛWy

™*~JY@*-M„ŧb–ŠHìÎZñ‚]£â]ÆZzgt£â]Ô•>ÔZ²ZsÔƒŠÔ%*Ôgzx

Zzgiys~�XZy£â]~ZkÃ@*ñ<<–ŠHìX†Šg`fsWe$™`~5±ƒ:

X )31( û ]öæÖFòÔmø†ûqöçáø…øuûÛøèø]Ö×#ä ü

ZZ]Ö³³³ß³³Ã³³ÛèXX( XZϧbZyÜ] )41( ZkWe$Ig~LLZ°9*îGóó@*ñ<<c*@*ñîWЖŠHì

óóz){Ã̉£â]6,@*ñîWЖŠHìX ZZ�ÖŠßèXX(ZZ]ÖÛ†œéXX]æ…ZZ]ÖÓ×Ûè

‰Ü]ÃszzÝÆ‚BÉ™Zçã6,ŠÑªÅˆìX}ÝLLZxðóóà `XXXX

7g}Üè¢ã~5™–ŠHìX²eg£â]~ZµZµŠzâVÜ]ÖŠHìZzgszzÝŠzâV

ÆçãZƒD�}ZkWe$~5±Ù:

X )51( û ÷ ÝûÚ$àûm$ÓöçûáøÂø×ønûôÜûæøÒônû¡ œü

X )61( û õ ]øÚùàûm$Ûû#ôoû‰øçôm&^Âø×Fo‘ô†ø]½õÚ%ŠûjøÏônûÜ ZzgŠzu~We$ü

«We$™`~aèŠzâVÜ]ÃZµZµ–ŠHì�Zk!*]ÅŠ?ìÂLLZxóóZx!3©‹œî EGì�

LL.ÞóóÆp~ìXZzgŠzu~We$~aèzâVÃ5™–ŠHìX�Zk!*]ÅŠ?ìLLZxóóŠzu~

X )71( We$~Zx!3©‹œî EG7ì‰Zz‡]gÌZ�~LLc*óóc*LLzZzóóÆZŸ†Æ‚B‰ZÖpÖŠHìXZzgZk» ZZZZ³³³³XXXX

ÃZ+{tìÝÅZÝw•XëÔÕLÔÕN»DƒX†ÕNÆnLLzZƒóó–ŠH}Šg`fsWe$™`~5±

94

Page 101: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ƒ:

X )81( û ø ‰øöÿæû…ômûÓöÜû:ø]…ø]ÖûËø^‰ôÏônûà ü

ZzgZϧbŸ{ÆnLLc*YóóÆZŸ±ÆnŠg`fsWe$™�gVw5±ƒ:

X )91( û æø]mûjø^ñôoƒôpû]ÖûÏö†ûeFo üÃŒÛWyœ~ ZZ]Ö’¡éXX(ZZ]ÖˆÒ^éXX Zϧb¹ÐÜ]~wzswzsZuÒ0îGÐpsƒYD�}

@*Zk!*]»DƒYñZyÜ]~Z³zZƒÐ )02( óó–ŠHì ]Ö³ˆÒçFé óóZzgLL ]Ö³’³×çFé zZzÆ‚BLLpsƒ™Wc*ìX

ŒÛWyœÃgÌ¢ãÆ_.‘Yä»Zq-ÃZ+{tÌìZk§bŒÛWyœ’p zzzzXXXX

zpsÐôpƒŠHìX²ZkЫW�ãÂÁZkÐôp:g{ÃXgÌ¢ãÆg̪ÏÆÜsƒäÅzzÐŒÛWyœÅˆz]zŒÛZY]B/Bv ||||XXXX

ƒCg„ìZzgZkÃÜspŠÐ7,"6,Zr7HŠHXf}Z#ÖÆ4,Šq-Üsrz6,Zr™**Y,7ÉËrqƒÐZŠZYöZzgZk»&43ï

GIEG

z){CÙ¿ Ò`n³Ã³“(uÜŠÐ(›ŠÜD ¢zg~ì6ÎgÂVÅZ’ZY~¯Z<Îgc*wzs�])

ZyÅ9ZŠZ5ÜsŒÛWyœÃŠN™7™YÔÉZkÅZŠZ5ÆnZ*ŠÅ¢zg]ƒÏXŒÛWyœÆB/BvƒäÅzzÐŒÛWÈœÅtÌ{¤ìZkÅ�Ñ™*X~VJ-µìZzgtÜs

X )12( Z#ÖZsðÅS:]~ÐìXÅzzÐz{!*¹ÓxZáVПiì

gÌ¢ãÆÂDZzg°xÂDƒäÆ!*g}~fYÅ&WgZY�:

T§bŒÛWyœÂDZzgðY+$ZvìZzgT§bgzƒkZsc*]ZzgÓxÎgÂV 1X

ÅF,KMÌ!*Ñ)qÂDìZϧb/g>Æ4,Šq-Ü]ŒÛWãÆgŠZzŸqÌÂD�XZy

>~´)�á?uz„�Zy»¸wì:æÒØÚ^ÊnäÚ#`ç:eŠßjä

X )22( æÖÜmö’øgÚàœ•^Í]ÖçaÜæ]ÖÇn†]

LLŒÛWyˆ~TŠgZzŸq�z{ƒWÀ]X~VXƬz<LÐU*"$”{�Zk¿

95

Page 102: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

äŠg„!*]7½TäZkgÌÃzëzpŧs™[HìóóX

',;yZ−+Z',Z 0/8�.ç EE~ZK"gzvî EGZÖZ°gÌZ…z°ÑbZÅš©5ÏîG

GG~-VgBZi�:

…‰Ü]ÖÛ’^uÌiçÎnËoææ]qg]¦if^Åe^¦qÛ^ÅæaçÚ„ag]¢ñÛè LL

X )32( óó ]¢…eÃè

LLgÌrzÂDìZzg!*ÆJ)qZk»ZnqzZZ#ìZzg¸Z[Pg‹»è<ØÌìóó

gÌrzÆÂDƒäZzgZkÆzZZ#ZÆJnqƒä~fYÆŠÑb»°ic*Š{�XZyÓx

ÆZq©Ænt¿’k,**»°ìX

gÌrzÆ!*}~Šzu~gZñtìtgÌZ˜kìÂD7XƒÐ¬ 2X

äZkgZñÅ@*GÅZzgZyÆWäzZáfY~Z0ºzyÔ�Z£0· )42( ‡èZ1–Z]!ã

ZzgŠvfY�áï�X )52( Z−xï

ZkwƇ9Æ4,Šq-aègÌ¢ãZ˜kìÂD7®ZZkÅ#¿Y,ìXZzg].h+X )62( gÌZ5ð~ŒÛWyœÅÂ"$Šg„ì

ZzgZyÆëìwfYÅìXÆ )82( Zzg³0†Z?x )72( Š~gZñ´)igÉ 3X

4,Šq-gÌŒÛWãÂD7ì®Z¬%îGZÜkÆnrzÅÂ"$Z7czsZzŸqzZ˜q]6,Å

Yãec�ZyÆŒVczszŒZzw�ZzggÌ¢ã6,:ÅYñ@*YIßÍV~ˆz]ßÈ~

�áù:ƒnXpZkÆ‚B‚BgÌ¢ãÅõØÌÅYñZzgf}gÌÅ{§gÌ¢ã~Ì

rz»gGYN)92(X

DDDDZZZZ°°°°ÌÌÌÌÅÅÅÅ@@@@****ggggõõõõ»»»»ZZZZqqqq----¿¿¿¿YYYY^,,,,{{{{

]Ö³Ój³³^eè(]Ö³í¼(]Ö³ˆe³†( ²!i!*y~–ðÆn¼ŠZÖpëpZEwƒD�}

Yz){XZy~ÐŒÛWyè™*ÅÂ"$ÆnÂâÐæï ]ÖŠ³_†(]Ö†ÎÜ(]Ö†4Ü(]Ö†‰Ü(]Ö`r^

ZzgpÛ+ZzgZkÅ@*gõ%ZŠàYCìXZzgtæï»yZyìX²LLZÅ:Cé XEYóóZzgLLZ°ÌóóZzgZkƺ]

ZzgZy6,FFF,ZIZq-{m®ÅZ˜b�X¦/ZŠzZg~ZkDÆnZZÖpZEwKYDgì

96

Page 103: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

�XƒÐ¬Â"$c*âÔQWЙZúZïůY6,ÂLLVYóó»ZEwÑzqƒZXZkÆLLVY

Z…zóóc*LLVYrzZÆIrgóóÔLLVYZÅ2.çGEEsóóz){XÂVYÆŠp�wVÆ**ñVÅZ’Zð

WzZizVЯ**†ê–»VY)[XuXg(ìXZk§bVYZ…z»ÈƒZŒÛWyÆ/VÙ

ÆnZyÆwVÃF,KMzZgÌ™!*ë�h仧ic*ZkÆZ°X0*v,œ~ó~~ÂLLZ°ÌóóZzg

LL%Îxóó»ZEwÑzqƒZX†LLgÌZÅ.|Býóóc*LLgÌrzZÆIrgóóÔLL%ÎxZ…zóóc*LLZ°ÌZ

Å.|B§öE

óó

X )03( –ì

XŠHgð,!*gð,œ~ó~Ð )13( ¡Ò©k5åGGIE~äZÐLLZ

Å.{ŒÑ÷Z°ŠóóZzgLLZјbZ9óó–ì

gÌÆ‚B|]¢yñc*ZyŧsЙ[rz»**xic*Š{ZEwƒäÎX†êLLgÌZ…z

ZÅš-)é I6óózLLgÎxrz¢yóózLLgÌZÅ.|BýZÑâxóóZzgLLZ°ÌZÅš-)é Iãóóz){XZzgZkÆn].h+ZzgYì

Z˜bLLDZ°Ìóóc*LLZ°ÌóóZ(gÅYg„ìXZ¤/ëDZ°ÌÅèÃg{°d]»Y,{B…ظìDZ°ÌÅãCŠrzè¢6�Zk

nDZ°ÌZzgrzÆ!*g}~PZñg»Y'¢zg~ìX1XrzÅ»g~~ƒÐZë»x|]ih+0U*"$ñ»åX|]ih+0U*"$ä„

Çt~å~Â"$ŒÛWy»�Û9uZ�xŠc*åZzgZ#r8ýL¢6ÅÂ"$¬Šzgœj~ZzgZkƈ

Šzg¢ã~ƒðÂZkz‰ÜÌZrVä„t�Û9uZ�xŠc*åZzgŠzg¢ã~Z#rzÅÂ"$ƒðz{

52|c*03|åªÑ™*X~VXÅzÃ]Ð51@*02‚wÆZ0+gZ0+gZzggwZ~«zkÆ4,zwÐ�k‚wÐÌÁ²á~uZ�xŠc*Y[åXZkÐU*"$ƒZ|]ih+0U*"$c*ZyÆ‚B»x™äzZà

wÆŠzu}Zg»yärz¢6ÅÂ"$Zϧ&Z5YÆ_.Å�Zkz‰ÜsiSîæÜëg{~gZòåXZzgt§&Z5YGÇt~~gZòâZzgZ5YÐZ7åX

2Xrzè¢6$©û EGZzgZÚxÐ{à¸XZÏnCÙÆ‚B7,JäzZÑZq-R‡g~(�ö E

åXZzg 5ŠHåZzgCÙ7,"zZáZ*ŠÐ&Ò§öGG

Zzgrz¢6~ÐËZq-ÜŃÉÜ6,ZrHX )23( rz¢6ÅZkƒÉÜ„ÃgÌ¢ãZ»ZoZx¹Y@*ì

3Xrz¢6Åt®ZŠegÐWJÒyHˆìXŠz°æÜëg{~gìXZq-êÆ

97

Page 104: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

XZzgZq-|]¢yñÅfZCôZã~g;&LLÜZÑâxóó¹Y@*ìXZkÆ )33( nKt~~g3ŠH

´z{l()ÔÆÔy{ZzgŠwZq-Zq-5ŠHXZ4rz¢6ÆZq-Zq-wsZzgZq-Zq-»

W~Zzg»©_·™ÆDZ°ÌÅãCŠg¿ˆXZy~ÐlÔæÜëg{ÔÆÔy{ÔŠwÆrz»f™DZ°ÌÅÃ~HY@*ìX

4Xô/ärzÅÂ"$ZLiâä~gZò§iZ5YÆ_.„ŶÔZkiâä~¸

XZk§bŒÛWãZ5YZzg¬x )43( §&Z5YgZòåZzg¸§i@*ÉÉs@*ÉÆŠzgJ-Yg~g;

²!Z5Y~Ãð�Ût:ƒ@*åX5XZ#Z5YªÏÅZ&bƒðZzgÜ°zè~¸Z°ÅgzÝ~Zk~Z&q]zäÅIÂZk

X@*ëgÌŒÛWãÃZyZ°Æ�ÑäÃJw7HŠHZzgŒÛWy )53( Zg»YÆË~g̪Ï~pgzúƒZ

™*ÅÂ"$$+2gÜì.ZÝ',ŒÛZgg¿ˆXgÌ¢ãÆZnqÃ',ŒÛZggppÅPZq-z�;]Šg`fs

�:

X )63( 1XßÍV~ZkÆ0ruZzg¼kaZƒŠHå

2X»�rzZkƧjÐââkƒ‰¸X

3XÜÅÂ"$~aèƒÉÜ6,Z®gHY@*åX®ZgÌÐZ�Zs»ÎZwÁ„À_åX

Zk§bfñDgÌZKÃ~g̪ÏZzggÌZ˜k)¢ã(~Z%s»f™ZKÃ~

™äÑX²ZkÆ‚B‚B´‡ðrzÆZ%Ã])‰Ü]ÆgÌ~!*bZ%s(»Ì

f™™äÑXfs~g̪ÏZzggÌ¢ãÆZ%sÅPVBf™ÅYC�:

ggggÌÌÌ̪ªªªÏÏÏÏ ggggÌÌÌÌŒŒŒŒÛÛÛÛWWWWãããã]Ÿ6á �ÖòFà

]m$^pø ]möo

]øÖûÃ×Û^ð ]ÖÃ×ÛF©ö

qoðø qô^pðø

Öô#øoûðôô Ö#ø^pûðôô

98

Page 105: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

jjjjZZZZÙÙÙÙzzzzjjjjZZZZ!!!!YYYY]]]]o:8891YÔŠZg‚§YZnZ_ ( ÖŠ^á]ÖÆh Z0ZpgÔ·0(x0Z0Z£ZÆI»g~ÔZHzs!*0ZpgÔ ( Z�Ûj 1X

Z²!ÔÛz]ÔayÔ`:5Ôm:512X

Ôm:5X (ìÛn×è]…e^h]ÖÛ†]‘‚ 2X8�.ç EE~Ô',;yZ−+Z',Z 0/

Ôm:04X :ÖnØ]Övn†]á4†|Úç…:]Ö¿Û«áÊoÂ×Ü…‰Ü]Öφ�á 3XyZiÔ

Ôm:41Ô51X Ö_^ñÌ]Öfn^á 4XZ1i#-Cé GGgÔ

X…3œî EGU*"0î EGG9145&8991xÔŠZg‚§ZnZ_Z²!Ûz]ÔayÔ Úß^aØ]ÖÆÊ^áÊoÂ×çÝ]Öφ�á 5Xig‡ãÔ†ZAZ#X

`:1Ôm:952X

Ôm:102X ]ÖËjx]Ö†e^ÞoÊo¡Îè]Öφ]ð]le^Ö†‰Ü]ÖÃ%Û^Þo 6X‚Ý&D4jè GEÔ

ÔZŠZg{ízZ�á®)ZsðÔ@WÇ„ÔMyÔm:6X ]Öí¼]ÖÃ%Û^ÞoÊo]Ö†‰Ü]Öφ�Þo 7Xg°j)‡g~(

Ôï·™Št +CéGz~X„Z¦]ZÆIiCÙ!îGG ]ÖÛÏßÄÊo…‰ÜÚ’^uÌ]¢Ú’^… 8XŠZãÔP1/z¢y0GZÆJâxX

ZØCÙ>Ôm:52X

Ôm:6X ]m–^|]ÖÛÏ^‘‚(4†|ÂÏn×è]i†]h]ÖÏ’^ñ‚ 9Xåâ~ÔZÖgZ£Ô

Ôm:23X :ÖnØ]Övn†]áÂ×oÚç…:]Ö¿Û«á 01X

11XÎg>†î WWÔ02:36X

ÔŠZgZ^ZÅ›Ð.0îGGÔÛz]ÔayÔ ]i³v³³^Íʳ–³¡ð]Öf#³³†Ê³o]Öϳ†]ð]l]¢…eÃèÂ#³† 21XŠxïÔZ£0·ZaYÔ

m:483X

31XÎg>ZÂ>Ô2:812X

Ôm:38Ô48X ]ÖÛÏßÄÊo…‰ÜÚ’^uÌ]¢Ú’^… ZãÔP1/z¢y0GZÆJâxÔ ZŠ 41X

51XÎg>ZûYÔ4:901X

61XÎg>Z<Ô76:22X

Ôm:67X (]ÖÛÏßÄ ŠZã 71X

81XÎg>ZѲZsÔ7:541X

99

Page 106: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Ôm:35X ]ÖÛÏßÄÊo…‰ÜÚ’^uÌ]¢Ú’^… 91XÎg>ZìÔ61:09Ô

02XZÅ.©3ü

GE:m:77X

Ô`:1Ôm:462Ô562X Úß^aØ]ÖÆÊ^áÊoÂ×çÝ]Öφ�á 12X,ÆnŠ¶Ô

Ôm:54X ]i†]h]ÖÏ’^ñ‚ 22XZ�?Ô“©5ÏîG

GG

Ôm:8X …æ•è]Ö_†]ñÌ 32XZÄB�.ç EE~Ô

Ôm:33X ]ŸÞj’^…evç]Öä:ÖnØ]Övn†]á 42X,ÆnŠ¶‡èZ1–ÅÂ[LL

Ôm:015±ÙX ]iv^ÍÊ–¡ð]Öf#† 52X�ŠxïÔ

Ôm:33X :ÖnØ]Övn†]á 62X

Ô`:1Ôm:42X ]Öf†a^áÊoÂ×çÝ]Öφ�á gÉÔ i 72X

•Z2bZØèÔm:53X i^…mî]ÖÛ’vÌ]Ö#†mÌ 82X$¨ÕäEGSù

Ôm:873Ô`:1Zzg@*gõZÅ.|BýZÕpÔm:94X Úß^aØ]ÖÆÊ^á ig‡ãÔ 92X

03XZ0ºzyÔl)Z0ºzyÔm:54X

ÔŠZgZ^Z²"0î EGGÔZØCÙ>Ô`:3Ôm:51X (‘fx]¢Â#oÊoÒj^h]¦Þ#^ð 13X¡Ò©k5åGGIE~

Ôm:16X ]Öç‰n×è]ÖoÒ#Ì]ÖÃÏn×è 23XIz~ÔDZ−+Ô

Ôm:06X ]ÖË`†‰k 33XZ0Zß*Ô

Ôm:04X Âf‚]ÖËj^|(i^…mî]ÖÛ’vÌ]Ö#†mÌ 43X‡èÔ

)!*Î!œîGZÆJs!0îGGÔZ="0î GEGZÅ.3ðEg>(Z³ŠZÑzw2041&2041|X Úr×èÒ×nè]Öφ�á]ÖÓ†mÜæ]Ö‚…]‰^l]¦‰¡Únè 53X

63XPÏX

100

Page 107: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Zsògc*„~)›à-VÆ£tz�ÛZø )¸Z°çÆÚø~Sà_·(

Rights and Duties of Non-Muslims in the Islamic State

(A Special Study in the light of Islamic Legal Maxims)

/ eZËfzZ3gZAbstract

The Non-Muslims whom live in the territory of Islamic State are called

Zimmis. They are as citizens of the Islamic State as Muslims. This paper shows

the rights of the non-Muslims which they have in the Islamic State along with their

duties in which they are to be bound to perform positively. In their religious

matters, they remain free from any sort of restriction and to be dealt with their own

personal laws; however, they are to be bound in public Law of the State like other

Muslim citizens. When they obey the public law, then the State is bound to protect

their fundamental human rights i.e., right to life, tight to property and right to

respect or honor as well. Their religious places are to be protected by the Islamic

State. They have right to worship according to their own religion and have right to

perform their other rituals. They are not be forced for accepting Islam at any

period of life. However, in response of these rights they are to be bound to pay

poll tax and if they have land than land tax as well. In these taxes their women,

children and clergy men are to be exempted from paying any sort of taxes. If

some of them join to the service of the State's Army and Defense ministry then

too are be free from all sort of taxes. In criminal matters or in other illegal

practices, the public Law is to be applied over them. If they disobey the Law of the

Land and become rebel then they are tol be treated as enemies of the State.

Zk6,zWÍg7†¤/�f$»ÒÃg1Z,ÔgZzf~Ô0*ÎyX /

101

Page 108: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Zsògc*„ÅãCŠgÎwZv~VÆIgu;ðVó]Ƭ‚wæÜë{~þþLLxÐtæÜóóÆ

ZZŠÆ¼g5+k,ƒðXZkxÐtÃZsògc*„»ªŠ2g̹Y@*ìXZkŠ2g~›âVÆ£tz�ÛøÆ‚B‚BæÜëg{ÅuzŠ~…zZáÓx!*°zV)pZ{z{›y¸c*)›(ÆãCŠ~£tZzgZyÅf)ŠZg-V»çHŠHåXZkãCŠ~Š*zm,ƈ:ÜsÇt]~Vc*#ñgZ”+ñÆZŠzZg~ÉWÒ{éäzZáz!V~Ì)›ZZxÆ‚B:Üsàe$Z(g™äÆ6ç@Z]z�Š~WñÉZy�£tz�Ûø~ÌàqW@*g;XŒÛWyˆZzgZqŠg$gÎw~VÅãCŠ~zZßàgÉðÆÚø~}ZsòÅD+z+ƒðX�ñ™Zxòä˜VŠv‡VÆa‡âã»xHz;VZsògc*„Æ)›à-VÆ£tz�ÛZøÅ:Üsb×]ðXÉZ,¸Z°çÌzä

KXÐ)q¢~̇âã°Z—b×]Æ**aƒäZyÐZ.Š{™C�XZkó£á~�ñ™ZxòÅZy»zØVÆÚø~tY+ÅÃÒňì�Wc*Zsògc*„~)ÇVÅÌz+

„‡âãwƒC¶6�›âVŃC¶c*Zk~¼�ÛtìXâèÅZsògc*„Åàe$Z(g™äƈ)ÇVÃÃyУtq݃YD?HZyÆYyzâwZzg³]zW',zÆDÅf)ŠZg~¬x›âVŧbgc*„6,ƒC¶c*ZyÆaÃðZzgŸ‚»gƒ@*å?H)›à~ZK„ŠZ]ZzgŠvèIgÎâ]ZŠZ™ä~WiZŠƒD?Hgc*„»êÑ›âVZzg)ÇVÆa7Vå?gc*„)ÇVоnÆLzßw™C¶?ZzgZ¤/Ãð)›L:ŠêÂHgc*„ZÐ

wZŠ}$˶?c*z{ÃyÐ)›à~�qZsògc*„LÐIŒÛZgŠ}Šî¶?ZknÆZzg̼ŠÎZÑ]�XÆ�Z!*]ˆl™äÆaÃÐZ~.™Š{Z°çZzgZyÆK~0*ðYäzZàb×]Y+Åt[ňì:

)1( ]Ö„ÚoÚàœâØ]…Þ^Ò^ÖÛŠ×Ü 1: ‡‡‡‡°°°°{{{{çççç

LLfòøg}à-V~ЛyÅâ#ƒ@*ìXóóffffòòòò»»»»||||xxxxZsògc*„›âVÆ´z{ZKgc*4uzŠ~Z¤/Ë)›!*°}Ãàe$Š}™ZkÅYyzâwÔ³]zM',zZzgo}ÆDÅf)ŠZg~)Zq-ºmnÆbtLÆún(ZLfóááÂZk)

¹Y@*ìX ]âØ]ÖÃÏ‚ Zk¯6,)ÇVÉZz‡]ZIf)c* )2( ›à~Ãfò¹Y@*ì

102

Page 109: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

‡âãZ±gÐZyZIf)c*ZIZÅš¨åGÅ&9ƒ$Ë�:XXXXçççç@@@@++++ i

z{)›2Vägc*„Åàe$Z(g™Dz‰Ü›âVÆ‚B!*bxzg]Zzg0ÑZ_Æ�©]ÅâÎZzg]£tz�ÛZø»ç™1ƒXXXXX<<<<±±±± ii

z{)›2VЛâVÐ!*‡°{kB±~ƒZzg“3äƈZLè<Ø6,',ŒÛZggTƒñZsògc*„Åàe$Z(gŃXXXXXññññZZZZŠŠŠŠÐÐÐÐ iii

z{)›2VäkBÆŠzgZy~‰ÑZ_ÅãCŠ6,›âVÐ*™àƒXZkaZ¹LLZI*óó̹Y@*ìXèÃg{!*ÑÐVZlx~ÐCÙZq-)›ÆaZ¤/pLLfòóó»Â1ÑY@*ìÔpZ©ÄÑÜÆZ±gÐ

Zy~ðhZ¹�Ûtñ�ŠìX‰<±Üsz„£theÆhŠZgƒD��Zsògc*„ZyÆZ,Vä aZK§sÐð™Š}XZ#�Z3ÿXL*Zzgç@+z{£tÌheÆhŠZg0YD��

ç@}ÆŠzgZyZsògc*„ÐZLaºm™zZaƒVX‰|]/ñÆŠz§ÜÄ~F´

X )3( Aäfò“WЬZLa‰ºmÑZ_àg™zZB‰èÃg{!*ч°}ÆÚø~Zsògc*„ÅuzŠ~›âVŧb)ÇVÃ�£tq݃YD�Zy~ÐPZq-t�:

YYYYyyyyÆÆÆÆDDDD»»»»hhhhƒ@*ìz{ZkÅYyÅ Zsògc*„~)›à~Ûyŧb�ƒÐªhqÝ

™«ìXZsxÆêÑ~›Zzg)›ÅÃð&7ìÉÓxà-VÃ7V‡âã£tqÝ

ZzgZ¤/Ãð¿ËŠzu}à X )4( ƒD�XѦZ±gКzzË¿»O‚g~Š*ÃO™äÆáZŠsìO™Š}c*ZkÅWçYhŠ}Ô**uc*»y»^Š}c*ŠZ-$ÂhŠ}c*ÃðZzg�i™Š}Ÿm~Zk

‡âã )5( ÐÌZϧb»|ugzZg3YñÇÎZñZkÆ�êzq¿Zk6,g33Dƒñçs™Š}X )6( îg6,›z)›à~YyÅw#ÖÆZ±gÐ',Z',ƒD�X®Z',Z',~ÆUÃÃZ0+Zi7HY@*

103

Page 110: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

XŒViâ:YqÅ )7( ϧb%Šzúg]ÅÌ&Ì7ÅYCXÜsêx„wZ»�ŒY@*ì Z

)›à-VÅYyzâwÆagÎwZv X §i6,�xÃð™}ZzgwZÃð½}»ZßwgzZ7g3Y@*~VÅSà@Zc*]�X}W\~V»�Ûâyì�TË›yä)›à~ÚzzOHÂz{¼AÅ

XZq-gzZe$~ì� )8( pl1J-:ÎónÇqÑV�ZkÅpl1e:‚wÅ)ÄÐMg„ƒÏÇt]~V~Zq-›yÐZq-fòOƒŠHÂgÎwZv~VäZkÆ$+á~‡LÞÃwZññ]»

XZk§b|]/ñäZLÇÜÄ~ZIª{ÆZq-fòÆ$+á~O™äzZá )9( ¬™Šg�Ûâc*ñÆŠzg~O'×Zy**òfòÆOÆ$+á~DZv HåXZϧb|]¢y" ›yÆO»¬Yg~

X )01( 0/ñÆO»êƒ[åX1¼ßÍVäZkÆzgU*Êe$Š}™gZè™1T¯6,z{wZÐ$n)ªZ# )11( ZZÚàÒ^áÖäƒÚjß^Ê‚ÚäÒ‚Úß^æmjäÒ‚mjß^XX ZÏ',Z',~ÆZßw6,|]Zñ»�Ûâyì�

)›øg}o»à~0YñÂZk»pyøg}pyÆ',Z',ZzgZkÅŠe$øg~Še$Åâ#ƒYCìX

ââââwwwwÆÆÆÆDDDD»»»»hhhh)›à~»ŠzuZãCŠ~hZkÆâw»DìXgÎwZv~VäZLiâä~Z3ÿXLf)ÐbtheÆ

aZq-ô!ñÃgÁ™äÑÂZ¹Zg&áŠ�Ûâc*�LLŠZg�Ë)›à~6,ÕHc*ZkŤ‰ÜÐ(,|™

ZÐ1Š~c*Zk»ÃðvyHc*ZkÅgŸq~Æ%ZkÅÃðqàÔzg:ª#ÖÆŠy~Zkŧs

Xóó )21( Ð?Ð×Z™zVÇ

X/g�Y )31( ZâxZ0ŠZ%îGòÆ4,Šq-)›à-VÆâw»D›âVÆâwŧb¢zg~ì

Zsògc*„~) Zϧb X )41( Æ4,Šq-Z¤/Ãð›yËfò»âwag~™áÂZk»;B»N*Yñ

�XZkÆâwÃvyà+ ›à~ÃgCjZáÐz{Óx£tq݃D��ˬx›yÃ

X )51( zZá6,@*zZyÑixW@*ìZ¤/pZkÆâw~ÎgZzgÑZ[„YV:ƒV

³³³³]]]]zzzzMMMM'''',,,,zzzzÆÆÆÆDDDD»»»»hhhh)›à~ÃZsògc*„~ŠZãCŠ~hZkų]zM',zÆD»hìXZkų]zW',zÅw#Ö›âVų]zW',zŧbìX}Z¤/Ãð›yË)›úg]Ði**»%>ƒÂz{Zϧb»êx

104

Page 111: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

¦gƒ@*ì‰Ë›yúg]Ði**™äzZу@*ìZzgZkÅwZÌz+„ì�Ë›yúg]Ð

X )61( i**™ä~ƒCì)71(X œ‘Ø]ÖÓˆÚàœÂ¿Ü]Örß^m^læÖFÓßã^enà]ÖÃf‚æenà…eùä VVVV ‡‡‡‡°°°°{{{{çççç2222

¬ÅZÆ(,}ZìÐmgBbìptçnÈ}ZzgZkÆg[ÆŠgxy»ì(X )

èèèèIIIIMMMMiiiiZZZZŠŠŠŠ~~~~»»»»hhhhèÃg{!*ч°}Æ_.èIZNŠZ]zç5]aV�)›à~ÅfZCi0+ÏÐmgnp

�Zzgz{',Z{gZ„Zv¬\ÅfZ]Æ‚t�Z$+{ƒVÐÔZkaZsògc*„ÅuzŠ~Z¹èIMiZŠ~q݃CìZzgJwZsxÆjZáÐZ¹6g™**Šg„7ìXïŒÛWyˆ~Zg&áŠ!*g~¬\ì:

)81( û Úôàø]ÖûÇøo Öø«]ôÒû†ø]åøÊo]Ö‚ôùmûà!Îø‚ûi$føn$àø]Ö†%8û‚ö ü)i',Š47Š+Æçn~Ô"—].Zƒ_ì@Ze$eZ„Ð(X

Zq-ZzgMe$Ig�~ì:)91( û æøÖøçû8ø«ðø…øe%ÔøŸøFÚøàøÚøàûÊôo]Ÿûø…ûšôÒö×%ãöÜûqøÛônûÃ÷^ ü

)ZzgZ¤/¾Zg[eL"—ZZyáMDæßv�i}~�‚g}Óx(XZv¬\ägÎwZv~VÆfóŠvZmCY

‘Í-�ê GZ?xŧbÜste-KZzgf)ŠZg~Îð¶�z{ßÍVJ-Š+Zsx»�xàNZ[z{Jw™,c*:™,tM\Åf)ŠZg~:¶XøDfsMc*]Ig�ÌZkZ%Å&á@�:

)02( û ÊøôÞ$Ûø^Âø×ønûÔø]Öûfø×FÈöæøÂø×ønûßø^]ÖûvôŠø^h ü)ξZf)ÂàŠbìZzgøgZf)ìˆ[¢8(X

EMND æøÚø^Âø×ønûßø«]ôŸ$]Öûfø×FÈö]ÖûÛöfônûà— I Îø^Ööçû]…øe%ßø^møÃû×øÜö]ôÞ$«]ôÖønûÓöÜûÖøÛö†û‰ø×öçûáø ü)¹øgZg[Y}ìë"—vg~§sǃñMñ�ZzgøgZf)¸ìX�xàŠb

Åw™(XÑ<Zsðä)ÇVÃtMiZ~Š~ì�z{ZK%èÐZsxJw™**e�ÂZyÅ%èìZzgz{Z(™Mh�1Zy6,i',Š4ZzgƒCÙ¦/:HYñÇX

105

Page 112: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ïŒÛWyˆ~Zg&áŠ!*g~¬\ì:)22( û æøÎöØô]ÖûvøÐ%Úôàû…$eôùÓöÜûÊøÛøàû8ø«ðøÊø×ûnö©ûÚôàûæ$Úøàû8ø«ðøÊø×ûnøÓûËö† ü

)ZzgÈE!*]ìvg}g[ŧsÐQ�ÃðeìâäZzg�Ãðeì:âä(X)32( û ]ôÞ$^âø‚ømûßFäö]ÖŠ$fônûØø]ôÚ$^8ø^Òô†÷]æ$]ôÚ$^ÒøËöçû…÷] ü

)ëäŒðgZ{Ôc*hâ}ìZzgc***]~™@*ì(XŒÛMyˆÆˆgÎwZv~Vŧ]0*u»_·HYñÂZkÐÌt!*]zZãîg6,¥xƒCì�ó]æÜƈ·Š~XVÆ‚BZyÆZLè<Ø6,gTƒñþþþþLLxÐtæÜóóZ(ç@{HZzgËÃ

ZÄB}é Emò˜�: ZsxÑä6,6g7HåXZk¯6,}4ÆŸie°EPND ZZÚàìØÊo]Ö„ÚèÖÜmrˆ]Ò†]âäÂ×o]Ÿ‰¡ÝXX

)�)›-f)~Š4ƒÂZÐZsx6,6g™**Y,7ì(XZ0Mò˜�:ZZŸi³Ó³†âç]]u‚]÷Â×oìçÙÊomà]Ÿ‰¡ÝÊ^Þäenàæ]•xq×oŸñ×äæe†]ânßäŸmvj^t]Öo]á

EQND! mÓ†å]u‚Â×o]Ö‚ìçÙÊnäXX

)Š+Zsx~ŠZ4ƒäÆaË6,ƒ:HYñYV�ZsxZLŠÑbz',Z4èGE~zZãF,ìZzgtZ(Z`Ì7ì�Zk~&áï™äÆaË6,ƒÐ»x1Yñ(X

ZºnZsògc*„Å)ÇVÐ0èÃg{!*ÑèIgzZŠZg~ŒÛMyz<LÅÀm6,Œ

ìX&!*Ññ¤tgÄ™ËÌŠzgÅZsòÓ#Ö»‡ây‚i~™**e7ìXERND ]Ö„ÚoÚ×jˆÝœuÓ^Ý]¦‰¡ÝÊnÛ^m†qÄ]Öo]ÖÛÃ^Ú¡l ‡‡‡‡°°°°{{{{çççç3333::::

)Š*z~ç5]~fòZsòZ26,¿cZƒä»0*Èì(X

ggggcccc****„„„„»»»»‡‡‡‡ââââyyyyZZZZzzzzggggZZZZkkkkÅÅÅÅ0000****ÈÈÈÈ~~~~Š*ÆÓx/g~´Å§bZsògc*„~ŠznÆZ2**ǃD�X

(Private law) —‡ây 1X(Public law) Àò‡ây 2X

—‡ây»ŠZ],{»g¬xîg6,ZNŠZ]Ô„ŠZ]Ôo&]ZzgÔzw#ÖZ,)b6,”ƒ@*ìZ#�±

106

Page 113: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

‡âyÆ_.~gc*„Æ(ÏÔZOòÔ].Zg~Zzg°Zrç5]&áïƒD�XèÃg{!*ч°}ÅgzЊ*z~ç5]Ð0)›à~Ãz{Óx£tq݃VÐ�gc*„ÆŠvà-VÃq݃D�Zzg�ÛZøÅZŠZ5ÆçA~z{±‡ây»0*ȃÇXTÅ¿UzŸs#øDfsì:

‡‡‡‡ââââyyyyààààeeee$$$$ÅÅÅÅ0000****ÈÈÈÈ~~~~¬xîg6,)›ÃZsògc*„~Zkz‰Üàe$Š~YCìZ#z{!*‡°{îg6,gc*40*ŒZzg

ZkÅð”{ÑZ_Æ_.ŠgpZ„Š}XZ¤/ŠgpZ„~Ën»‡âã¨:ƒÂZÅh45é IGEãòÆ4,Šq-

àe$ŠØYäƇâãîg )72( ZÐZågKŧsÐgŠ7HY**ecZzgàe$Š}Š´ec)›ZzgZsògc*„ÆâÎàe$»ç@{ð0*@*ìTÅÜszgi~‡â;xÑgƒCìXZk 6,

ç@}Æ�Zsògc*„)›ZzgZkÆç~”VÅ™«Åf)ŠZg~gìTÆún‚w¦/gÆ–wZkÆ Z¤/Ãð)›šzzL:Š}ÂZÂãò X )82( ä6,Zk6,btLzZZ#ZÑŠZYƒY@*ì

X )92( YyzâwZzg³]zW%zÅ™«gc*„Åf)ŠZg~ƒÏ:„f)ŠZg~»ç@{',ŒÛZggìÇ

¯]]]]....ZZZZgggg~~~~llllââââ]]]](Public -f)ƈZ¤/Ãð)›Zì~C_0*c*YñÂZk6,Zsògc*„ÆêÑ

Æ_.l)‡ìHYñÇZzgZÐz+„wZŠ~Yñωˬx›yà~Ê~YCìX} law)

Z¤/Ãð›yË)›Åag~™}c*)›Ë›yŇâyÅÃ~ŠzâV',Z',ÆêxƒVÐX‡èZ1-Šò˜��Z¤/Ãð)›Ë›yúg]Ãi**6,6g™}Âøg}�ñZ¦sÆw

‡èZ1-Šò#ñgZ”+ñÆ X )03( Æ_.Zk6,6,z,„uÑ̓ωˬx›y6,Ñ̓CìŠzg»Zq-zZ§Ü™D��Zq-ŠiZq-)›äZq-›yúg]Ãi**6,6gHT»l)Z1D>ñÅ°Zª

VZZÚ³³^³׳oⳄ]‘³³^Ö³v³ß³^ÒÜ(Ê–†ek ~Šg`ƒZTÅ�®)ÆŠzgZyM\ñäZÐeZbWƒñ�Ûâc*)Hëä?ÐZkar�Ŷ)�?i**™DQz(QZkŤ/ŠyâgŠ~ˆ(XZ(„Zq-w )13( ÂßÏäXX

XZϧbZ¤/)›à~Ë›y6,oÎñÂZk6,ÌuYg~ )23( |]/ñÐ0ÌÜHŠHìX )33( ƒÏ

107

Page 114: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

‡‡‡‡ââââyyyyÞÞÞÞŠŠŠŠ]]]]Zsògc*„Å°Zª~T§bËw!ÅÞŠ]ÛâVÆÜsJw7HY@*Z,„Z¤/

Z%ZIf)~ÐÃð¿Ë) X )43( Ãðw!Ë)›à~ÆÜsÞŠ]Š}ÂZÐÌJw:HYñÇfò )53( ZZ8ã³^³é]a³Ø]Ö„ÚèurèÂ×o]Ö„ÚoXX ›à~ÆÜsÞŠ]Š}ÂZÐJw™1YñÇYV�:

ÆÜsŠvZIf)ÅÞŠ]‡.ÞuìX˜VJ-›âVÆÜsfòÅÞŠ]»çnìÂZÐJw7HYñÇYV�Zsò‡âyÆ_.ÞŠ]»çn›âVÆŠ´ç5]Ðmg‚rìXZkafòÅÞŠ]Jw7ƒCX‰ÃðfòË0*ãÆ‘ƒäÅŠ}ÂZÐJw7HYYYV�0*ãÆ0*uc*

X )63( ´ç5]Ðmg‚rì ‘ƒä»çn›âVÆŠ

iiii}}}}ÅÅÅÅMMMM!!!!****ŠŠŠŠ»»»»gggg~~~~Zsògc*„~)M!*Ši}Z¤/Ãð)›à~M!*Š™áÂz{ZkÅZ,„Y,!¦gÅ

ZZÚ³à]un^ð Yñωˬx›yà~ŦgÅYCìXgÎwZv~V»Z+i�VÐ0Zg&áŠì:�Y~ÐZâx )�Ãð)›z)›()M!*Ši}ÃM!*Š™}Âz{ZÏÅÑgƒÏ(X )73( ]…•÷Úç]i÷ÊãoÖäXX

X‡èZ1-Š )83( Z1�òäZÐÓ#ÖÅZYi]ÐæzoHì@*�ËnÆ×}»ZÈwaZ:ƒ˜��øg}4,Šq-Z+)M!*Ši}ZϿŦgÅYñÏ�ZÐM!*Š™}XZkÆ´z{Ãð¿ZkÅ!»Šúò7™YXpZ{z{pŠZл“™}c*ËŠzu}л“™zZñc*·z6,Š}ÔZk~

1ïác*ËZzgÆ»x~ÑñYV�Z[tZÏ»hìXZ%Z¤/z{‚~i�VòÆŒÛd$ƒÂ‚ZzgZ¤/ZâxZ£0NmòÌZ+i}ÅM!*Š»g~6,)› X )93( yZYi�VÆŒÛd$ƒÂZÐyZ`Šb¢zg~ƒÇ

X )04( à~ÛyÅâ#Zk»âŒÛZgŠï�

««««ggggÐÐÐÐïïïïààààYYYYääääzzzzZZZZààààZZZZââââYYYY»»»»¬¬¬¬Zsògc*„»ÃðÌà~pZ{z{›ƒc*)›«gÐ�ÌZâYïáÂgc*„ZkÐ

LheÅ,ZgƒCìpZ{z{‹}�ZCÙZ]ƒVc*T»DgƒXZâxZ1�òZzgZ0Z1Å5ÐöGòÔ‡èZ! 20%

Š*iâä~&áh+ X )14( -ŠòèÃg{!*ÑŠzqzVÆ´z{Šv«g~qzVÃLÐ=ŒÛZgŠï�¸Šz»gMæq,¬xîg6,«gÐïàYCƒVÏXЬxßvnƒD¸Zka†qzVÃLÐIŒÛZgŠc*ŠHåXZ#�Šzgq¢~«gÐ’Zzg%Z+ÆZzgPq,ÌïàYC�

108

Page 115: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

L1YñŠg„ 20% X»ÎZÑZòR6,»gz!*gƒ@*ìXÅ<å XEZ)q¢~Z+RDµVÐ

¥xƒ@*ìXZke~|]/ñ»Zq-�Ûây(,~uJ-zZãìT~M\ñ�ÛâD��:

)ª�qÌZv¬\ä«gÐïàƒZk6, )24( L ZZÊn³Û³³^œì³†t]Ö³×#³³äÚ³à]Öf³v†]ÖíÛ³‹XX

Lþì(X 20% âÿ

ˆggggCCCCLLLLÅÅÅÅZZZZŠŠŠŠZZZZ5555�ñZsxÆ4,Šq-Zsògc*„ÅuzŠ~ZIf)Z¤/g]™,ZzgZy»âwg]Zq-{m

ƈ[ÐLÎc*YñÇTÅZŠZ5Zy6,ÑixƒÏÔ (5%) Ðzi™YñÂZy6,Û‚ )34( u

ˆgCLÅtÑbZ¤/pŠ*Šzg~Zsòc*„Å X )44( Z#�›âV6,tÑbeJð‚„gìÏuzŠ~gZòg„ìptÑbËù6,FFxgc*„»Zßwc*0*Œ7ìÉô/™ZxñäZÐZLŠzg~ÎZÑZòqÑ]ÆÚø~Z¿ŠÆfg)Z(gHåXñ�Š{Šzg~6qÑ]Zzg»çVÆ

�psHYñÂZk~Ãðw`7ìX

ÑÑÑÑZZZZ[[[[ZZZZzzzzggggòòòòkkkk,,,,ÅÅÅÅZZZZ!!!!****ssss####Zsògc*„ÆÀò‡âyÆ�ZIf)ÆaÑZ[Zzgòk,Ib�YV�tŠzâVq,

ZyÆŠ´çAÐmgBb�Xz{ZyŠzâVqzV»W:~!*bîg6,»gz!*g™Mh�Xgc*„ZyÆZkâwZzg»gz!*gÃY,ŒÛZgŠ}ÏZzgZyÆZk§bÆâwÃâw!3©ð

GGx¦g™}ÏX: Z–

8göE

ZkK~˜�)54( ZZ]ÖíÛ†æ]Öí߈m†ÊouÏãÜÚ^ÙÚjÏçÝÒ^ÖfÃn†æ]Öe^éÊouÐ]ÖÛŠ×ÛnàXX

)ÑZ[Zzgòk,ZyÆh~Z,„âw!3©ðGGx�X‰›âVÆh~Zz.$Zzg–~�(X

Zk¯6,Ãð›yfòÆËòk,ÃvyàñÂZÐ�g@*zZyZkÅ7ZŠZ™ã7,}ω

X)›à~ZyqzVÃ%îÆ0*k�gg‚ )64( Ë›yÆ¢ñÃvyàä6,ZŠZÅYCìX )74( ÌgÅZYìYV�tŠzâVq,ZkÆaâwÅwgBb�

ÎÎÎΊŠŠŠÔÔÔÔ%%%%ŠŠŠŠZZZZggggZZZZzzzzggggppppyyyyÅÅÅÅwwww####ÖÖÖÖZsògc*„~ΊÔ%ŠZgZzgpyÅw#Ö)›à~ÆaZ,„ì‰�ˬx›y

109

Page 116: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ÆaƒCìXYV�tq,ÓxZŠc*y~wZxŒÛZgŠ~I�Xw#ÖΊÐ0ŒÛMyˆ~ì:Êøfô³¿ö³×û³ÜõÚôù³àø]Ö$³„ômûàøâø^öæû]uø†$Úûßø^Âø×ønûãôÜû›ønôùfFkõ]öuô×$kûÖøãöÜûæøeô’ø‚ôùâôÜûÂøàû‰øfônûØô]Ö×#äôÒø%ônû†]÷æ$]øìû„ôâôÜö ü

)84( û ]Ö†ôùeFç]æøÎø‚ûÞöãöçû]Âßä

)ηŠÆkHƒVÅzzÐëäwZxXZy6,¹Ï0*uq,�Zy6,'w‰ZzgZkzzÐ�gzÈZvÅgZ{йZzgZkzzÐ�ΊfeZzgZyÃZkÅƃ_¶(XZIÂ[~зŠÅèIÂ[~ì:LLÂZL¸ðÃΊ6,ŒÛn:ŠbpZ{z{gz9»ÎŠƒc*Z**`»ÎŠc*ËZzgq»ÎŠƒ�Ò`6,Š~Yc*™C

X )94( ƒóógÎwZv~VäZLiâä~Z#»gò�ZyZzgXkóÐç@Z]KÂZy6,zZ㙊c*å��Ãð

X )05( ¿Zy~ÐΊ~çn™}ÇÂZkÆZzgøg}Šgxy-f)!*¹:gìÇZÂãgBZi�:

)15( ZZ]ÖÛnjèæ]Ö‚ÝÖnŠ^eÛ^ÙÊo]Ÿm^áÒ×ã^XX

)ÓxZŠc*y~%ŠZgZzgpyâw7�(X®Z)›à~ΊÔ%ŠZgZzgpyÆçA~Zsògc*„ÆÀò‡âyÆ0*ȃVÐX

ggggcccc****„„„„ÐÐÐÐŒŒŒŒzzzz]]]]Zsò‡âyÆ_.gc*„6,ZIf)Å™«™äÅf)ŠZg~ZÏz‰ÜJ-!*¹gSìZ#J-�z{gc*„Æ‚BKƒñç@Z]Zzg‡âyÅÜszgi~:™,XZ¤/z{ç@Z]Zzg‡âyÃ!*Ññ¤tgnpƒñgc*„ÆÜsŒz]ÆaZJ9}ƒVÂQgc*„ÃÌthqÝì�z{ÌZyÐKƒñç@Z]Ð',P]»Z´y™Š}ZzgZyÆÜs@*ŠR»gzZð™}XZkjZáÐŒÛMȈ~zZäîg6,¬ì�:

Êø³ôÚ$³^iø%û³ÏøËøß$ãöÜûÊôo]Öûvø†ûhô o ™]Ö$³„ômû³àøÂFãø³‚ûl$Úô³ßûãö³Üû$öÜ$møßûÏö–öçûáøÂøãû‚øâöÜûÊôoûÒöØôùÚø†$éõæ$âöûÜûŸømøj$Ïöçûá

ø]ôÚ$³^iø³íø³^Êøà$ÚôàûÎøçûÝõìônø^Þøè÷Êø^Þûfô„û]ôÖønûãôÜûÂø×Fo‰øçølðõ]ôá$]Ö×#äøŸø o Êøeø³†ôùûeôãôÜûÚ$àûìø×ûËøãöÜûÖøÃø×$ãöÜûmø„$Ò$†öæûá

)XÐÂäç@{HìZy~ÐQz{ÂhD�ZCÇCÙ!*gZzgz{eg7gnp )25( û mövôg%]Öûíø«ñôßônûà

ÎZ¤/LÂ0*ñZyñZð~ÂZyÃZ+wZŠ}�ŠN™¸vYNZyÆú@*�ZyÇ]ƒZzgZ¤/�Ã

110

Page 117: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

egƒË¸xЊ»ÂNŠ}Zy»ÇZyŧsZϧb6,�ƒYî?Zzgz{',Z',Ô"—ZvÃplX( 7MDŠ!*i

gÎwZv~VäæÜëg{~Z#Zsògc*„ÅãCŠg¿ÂŒVM!*Š²[Db)´Zzkz9g`(Æ´z{·Š-VЊÃqgc*„ÆjZáÐ�LLxÐtóóHåz{¼„²á@*g@*g™Šc*åXTÆ�Z[~gÎwZv~Väç@{»™ÆZyÆÜs@*ŠR»ggzZðÅZzgZ¹°z홊c*XZy„ŠÑbÅãCŠ6,fYZIf)ÆÛÇ6,ZyÆÜsl)`äZzg@*ŠRZŠZx™äâzg~ìw™D�

}

~ZkÄZyÐZq-x!*[!*0+Jì: ZZ]Ör^ÚÄ]Ö’vnxXX ›0s`ZÅ©n.çGIG~òäZZe³^hq³ç]‡Îj³^ÙÚ³àÞϘ]ÖÃ`‚æqç]‡]Þˆ]Ù]âØ]Öv’àÂ×ouÓÜu^ÒÜ‚Ù]âØ

! )35( Ö×vÓÜXX

Z–8gö

Eò˜�:ZZ]ƒ]޳ϳ˜Î³çÝÚ³à]â³Ø]Ö³„Úè]Ö³Ã㳂æƳ×f³ç]³׳oÚ³‚m³ßèʳ³^ÖvÓÜÊnã³^Ò³^ÖvÓÜÊo

! )45( ]ÖÛ†i‚màXX

)ZIf)~ÐZ#Ãð¸xç@{ÅÜszgi~™DƒñËà6,„qÝ™áÂZk»¬%D++Åâ#ƒÇ(X

: ZÂãògBZi�EQQD! ZZ]Ö„Úo]Ö„pÞϘ]ÖÃã‚æÖvÐe‚]…]Öv†heÛ߈Öè]ÖÛ†i‚Êo‰^ñ†]ŸuÓ^ÝÚà]Ÿ…'XX

�fòç@{Âh™ŠZgZ�[`YñÂz{zgZV$ÆÓxZ©x~%D+Åâ#ƒ@*ì(X ) Zâxâz~òÆ_.:

ERQD! ZZ]Ö„Úo]ƒ]ÞϘ]ÖÃã‚‘^…u†eoq†lÂ×nä]uÓ^Ý]âØ]Öv†hXX

)fòÛç@{»%>ƒÂz{w!0Y@*ìZzgZk6,ZIw[ÆZ©xYg~ƒD�(X

Zsògc*„~‡âyÐŒz]Zq-Z((,ZxìTÅÎÌè#ÖÅYñÁ ¿Ut�ìXZ¤/Ãð›yZ+Œz]™}ÂZÐ%D+¹Y@*ìTÅwZñ]ìZzgZ¤/)›à~Z+w•™@*Âz{ÌZÏÅâ#wZ»�IZc*Y@*åX

111

Page 118: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

)75( ]Öí†]tæ]ÖrˆmèeÛ߈Öè]Ö–†mfè ‡‡‡‡°°°°{{{{çççç4444::::XXXX yZ`Zzgbt'-.ç EEE!wÆ�( )

yyyyZZZZ`zzzzbbbbttttZZZZzzzzggggZZZZyyyyÅÅÅÅwwwwèÃ{!*ч°}~yZ`ZzgbbÅwCðˆì�âè~Zsògc*„ÅY+$Ð)ÇV6,ÎñYäzZáŠz§bÆßV)yZ`Zzgbb(Åw)q¢~gZòLÅâ#ƒZ™C¶X

Z#�ZyÅfZ]6,**Ç gc*„ŧsÐ)›à-VÅi}ÅaZzZg6,�LHgHY@*åZÐyZ`Z%bbÆçA~t!*]7Ãgì�tLPºmZ�ÛZŠ6,�À˜ ƒäzZáLÃbtë¸X

¾ð™äÆÑëƒDÜsZy6,„Îc*Y@*åZy~ÐZq-M®ZŠZ,4]6,ÌŒƒC¶�Zk§bÆLÐI¶XyyyyZZZZ`ÅÅÅÅZZZZllllxxxx

X )85( Ã}~yZ`ÅŠz9Òyƒð�yZ`£‰ (I)

yZ`£‰Ð%ZŠz{Lì�i}ÅaZzZgÅÚÐHgHY@*åXªg,Ôâc*Ûz){XyZ`¸…ý E: (ii)

yZ`¸…ý EÐ%ZŠz{Lì�i}ÆgÕÅÚÐHgHY@*åXª)wZzgZ�ÆZ±gÐXyZ`Z¤/p)›à-V6,Zq-ig¦LåT»ZŠZ™**¢zg~ƒ@*åptZŠZ5ZÏz‰ÜƒC¶Z#

X}Z¤/i}6,0*ãm|M@*c*0*ã )95( i}aZzZgŠîZ¤/i}ÐaZzZg„:ƒCÂyZ`Ì:ƒ@*廟{ƒY@*c*ËZzgMÄÅzzÐaZzZgŸùƒYCÂZyÓxßgÂV~yZ`zßw:HY@*

ZZ]Öí†]teÏ‚… åXZ%Z¤/Ãbz~vy(ÂL~ÌZÏŠg¶ÅYC¶YV��YÆ4,Šq-

yZ`”gaZzZg~Z,®)ƒ@*ì(Xt!*]Ì7Ãgì�ig¦L~gÜsZ+ ) )06( ]Ö_^ÎèXX

ßg]~eƒC¶Z#Ævy~LZŠZ™äzZá¿»fZC¿Š4»g�Ûâ:ƒ@*åXZ¤/ZkÆfZC¿Š4ÅzzÐÃvy(c*aZzZgÁƒCÂQZ+g^CÙ¦/:Š~YC¶2Z,¿Ã�

112

Page 119: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

X )16( LZŠZ™ä~N*wâwлx©8c*',z‰ÜZŠZ5:™@*ÂZÐ{HY@*ZzgŠg}ÌÎñYD¸

)26( ]Örˆmèæ]qfèÂ×oqÛnÄ]âØ]Ö„Úè VVVV ‡‡‡‡°°°°{{{{çççç5555)btLÓxZIf)6,zZZ#ì(X

bbbbttttLLLLÅÅÅÅZZZZŠŠŠŠZZZZ5555»»»»zzzz����[[[[ZZZZzzzzggggÑÑÑÑZZZZ____)q¢~Š*½Æ´~¾d$úZx6,ƒVŽâgÅzzЊ*iâä~ZsxÆ

‚Š{ÂxLZzgZkÆ�ZiÃ'ZÚÂZ%7ìXgÎwZv~VäZ#æÜëg{~Zsògc*„ÅãCŠg¿ÂZkz‰Ü²[Ð!*CÙZk,ZyZzggzx�Š*ÅŠz(,~à‰Zy~Š*iâäÐúZx6,btzyZ`Æ**xÐtŠzâVL**ǸX²[ÆX´V6,Zy»¬¸åZzgúZxZyÅâáJw™g¶z{Z¹tŠzâVLZŠZ™D¸XOçZ#�ZyÆ|ÇV»zÆæÜëg{~gÎwZv~VÆ0*kMc*ÂZrVä²nH�ë›yÂ7ƒDZ%ëM\~VÅâáJw™D�Zzgàe$Zzg™«Æún

XZk¯6,ŒÛWyˆ~‰›âVÐœ‘ )36( �btë6,¬Z+HYñÇz{ëlÙZŠZ™Dg�ÐXZÏ�ÛâyZÅ:ö XÆ�gÎwZv~Vä�ZEV )46( he»¬åZϧb)ÇVÐbthe»¬Wc*ì™çVÐÔZzg#ñZðz„kä�| ññññääää ZzgX±VÐbt1XW\~Vƈ#ñgZ”+

X�YÆ4,Šq-gc*„»)ÇV6,bt»ÎŠŠg„ )56( ÆyzîVZzgczZy$+|Ðbt¢8U*"$ì X )66( ZzgY,ZŠZxì

ÑÑÑÑZZZZ____bbbbttttZsògc*„»)›à-VÐbtzßw™**aV�ŠvZ©xÑÜŧbZq-Ѧ¬åZkaZk¬ÆÎfÆz‰Ü�~ZqZzgZ,®)Æ0*ñYäâzgŠ¬Y@*åXZ¤/Ë)›~Ñ<

Zsðų™Š{ÑZ_:0*ðY'Âgc*4»g0+}Ë)›Ð!*rbtheÆWi:ƒD¸Xbt¾6,Zzg“Ñixƒ@*ìZkÆa�Y™ZxòäŠg`fsÑZ_»f™™D�X1111XXXX%%%%ŠŠŠŠƒƒƒƒ

btzZZ#ƒäÅ«ÑotƒC¶�)›à~%Šƒúg]:ƒXYV�Zv¬\äbtÜsZkÎø³³^iô³×ö³ç]]Ö$³„ômû³àøŸømö³©ûÚôßöçûáøeô³Ö×#³äô )›à~6,zZZ#�Ûâc*ì�ZIyw~ЃXOçZg&áŠ!*g~¬\ì:ü

!*[¢‘Ïî~ÐìZzg!*[¢‘ÏîÅZq-{¤xg• Îø^iô×öç]— ü ŒV LL ESRD æøŸøeôÖûnøçûÝô]ŸûFìô†!!!—

113

Page 120: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ƒC쪊zV»Zk§bï™»x™**�Zq-»÷Šzu}6,zZµƒÅ<å XEZŒVŠzâV�ÛhVŧsÐ

±Zð¢zg~ìXlV~aV�%Š»xMD�ZkabtÌÜs%ŠzV6,„zZZ#ƒÇúgÂV6,X )86( 7

2222XXXX!!!!****ÚÚÚÚƒƒƒƒbtÆz�[ÆaŠzu~Ño)›à~»!*Úƒ**ƒ@*åXÑ<ZsðäaV�”VÃѦ

Z©x»#¥7¯c*Zzg:„Z7ˬ»�IZc*ìZkaË)›Æa6,bt¬Z+:ƒ@*åXÉtX )96( LÜs)ÇVÆ!*ÚZ�ÛZŠ6,¬Z+ƒ@*å

====zzzzÅÅÅÅggggƒƒƒƒ 3XbtÆz�[ÅZq-Ño)›à~»™r#=zÅgƒ**̃@*åXZka�Ñ<ÆZ©x

0*ÉZzg7y¿6,ÑÍ7ƒDX2Z(¿aV�kB~£«6,Ì7MYZkatbbƬ»X )07( #¥:áCå

bbbbbbbbÐÐÐÐIIIIPPPP4444]]]]Zsògc*„~bbÅZŠZ5ÐP4]ÃZ]YqÝåX~ÐPZq-t�:1111XXXXaaaaÔÔÔÔúúúúgggg''''ZZZZzzzzggggÃÃÃÃFFFF,,,,ZZZZ2222

}ZsòÆ_.”VÔúg'ZzgÃF,Z2aV�¬xîg6,lV~Ñq-7ƒDZzg:„t»gz!*g™MhZkaZsògc*„~åaZzgúg'btLÐIgì�XZ0ŠZ)g¶§Zi�:

! )17( ZZæŸqˆmèÂ×o‘fo柇]ñØ]ÖÃÏØæŸ]Ú†œéXX

)Zzgbta6,ìZzg:„ÃF,Z2Zzgúg]6,(X

ZkÝ~}ZsòÆÓx�ñ™Zxò!*kxZzg�ñZg‹òÆâÎ!*<mË»Z%sX )27( 7ì

2222XXXXLLLLZZZZYYYYZZZZzzzzgggg))))WWWW�YÆ4,Šq-bbƬÐz{Z�ÛZŠÌIƒD¸XÅMæyZyZY]ÅÚÁƒc*!*Ç„:

X )37( ƒC¶

114

Page 121: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

‡èZ1-Š˜�:! )47( ZZæŸiçì„]ÖrˆmèÚà]ÖÛŠÓnà]Ö„pmj’‚ÑÂ×näXX

)btZkÐÌ:1YñT6,œ‘HYYƒ(XZ0³˜�:

! )57( ZZæŸqˆmèÂ×oÊÏn†Â^qˆÂà]]ñã^Vâ„]ÎçÙ]ÖrÛ`ç…XX

)Z,M6,bt7ƒ@*�ZÐZŠZ™äЇ܃Zzgt/g»¸wì(XÑU*ã|]/Ãgztñ»czszZ§ì�M\äæ¶~Zq-1hñ·Š~Äâ_Š¬Â7Y�?„YVâ8-gìƒ?�Z[~Zkä²nH�÷}0*kbbÆab7�Zka„

X )67( â8-g;ƒVXM\ñäZÏz‰ÜZk»btçs™ÆšMZÓwÐznHg™Šc*åZºnâèZsògc*„Z,LZz)WÐbtheÅOñZyÅâàçz-$™äÅ0*ȃZ

™C¶X3333XXXX********ÓÓÓÓCCCCZZZZ����ÛÛÛÛZZZZŠŠŠŠÔÔÔÔŠŠŠŠZZZZEEEE%%%%!!!!ÔÔÔÔZZZZ0000****ååååZZZZzzzzgggg1111hhhhññññ

Zsò‡âyÆ_.bbÐIz{Z�ÛZŠÌ&áïƒD¸�âŠgiZŠZ0+ñƒDc*ËÐZyÅìYC¶ZzgZyÅxMæy»Ãðfg=Ì:ƒ@*åXZϧbŠZE Fg~c*(,J9Åzz

%!ÔZ0*åZzg1hñ¿»çnåXaV�tZ�ÛZŠ»Ìmzg+~ÑgƒD¸ZkaZy6,ÌbtX )77( zZZ#:ƒ@*åÔZ%Z¤/tplqwƒDZzgM‚ãÐbtŠ}MhÂQŠzu~ßg]¶

4444XXXXèèèèIIII§§§§ZZZZZZZZzzzzggggggggZZZZ<<<<ØØØØbbÐIZ�ÛZŠ~z{ßvÌ&áïƒD¸�¬xîg6,ßÍVÐé5‡]gppÅOñ

ZyЊzg„Š]ǃV~ËÆŠygZ]„Š]~zsgT¸c*ZrVäZLM\ÃèI»ñVÆaz6™g3ƒ@*åXaV�tßv»x»`z){7™DZkaZ7ÌbbZ+1ÐI

g3ŠHXZy~0*Šg~ÔgZ<ØÔH]Ô6,z>ØZ,ßv&áï¸XZ%Zy~¼ßvâàÒpÐplqwX )87( ƒDZzgßÍVÐé5‡]ÌgnpÂZyÐÌbt1Y"5é JGå

5555XXXXZZZZssssxxxxJJJJwwww™™™™ääääzzzzZZZZáááá›âV6,aV�iÃZ>z‚Æ´z{Zzg¹Ðœ‡]ÑixƒDZkaZy6,btL¬Z+:ƒ@*

115

Page 122: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

åXZk¯6,Z¤/Ãð)›à~ZLfztzØtZzg%èÐZsxJw™©8ÂZkÐbtçs™Šc*Y@*pZ{ X )97( z{Ä„‚ßV»’c*ƒ@*

6666XXXX££££ttttÆÆÆÆDDDD~~~~********»»»»òòòòbtaV�)ÇVÆYyzâwZzg³]zW',zÆDÆún1Y@*åZkaZ¤/Ëñî6,

gc*„ZyÆ£tÅD™ä~»»xƒYCÂz{LÌheÅWi:gS¶ZzgZy»tLçs™Šc*Y@*åX{−0z6ñäZIª>Ðç@{™Dz‰ÜZ7É™Šc*å�Z¤/ëvgZŠÃq™nÂbt¢8øgZh

XZ1D{ñÅÍg3,~Æiâä~&áx )08( ƒÇZ¤/7Â7Ô@*z4ëvg}DZzgŠÃqƇ.ÞƒYN

Ɖ<<¸VÃgh**7,ZÂM\äZLZ%ZYÖ��¼?äZIf)ÐbtzyZ`1åz{Z7zZ:™ŠzZzgZyм�:

ZZ]ÞÛ^…Þ^ÒÜÂ×nÓÜœÚç]ÖÓÜ¢Þä΂e×Çß^Ú^qÛÄÖß^Úà]ÖrÛçÅæœÞÓÜ΂]8j†›jÜ

! )18( Â×nß^]áÞÛßÃÓÜæyÞù^ŸÞÏ‚…Â×oƒÖÔ(æ΂…Þ^Â×nÓÜÚ^œì„Þ^ÚßÓÜXX

)ëvg}ZñZw)btzyZ`(zZ:™gì�YV�…¸,ñßwƒg„��)gzñVä(øg}ÜsZ¯Z`ZÇ™g¿�Zzg?äøg}‚BZkãCŠ6,*Ŷ�ëvgZŠÃq™,ÐÔZkz‰ÜëŠÃq

X )28( ЇÜ�XZka�¼ëä?Ð1åzZ:™gì�(tz„qì&ˆÆZŠzZg~Zsògc*„ÆãCŠ~ZßwzçZ*~ÑgHŠHZzg�ñ™Zxñ

äZk§i¿Ð‡°{çZ~.H&øDfsZÖp~gzZe$HY@*ì:! EOTD óó ]Örf^mèe^‡]ð]ÖvÛ^mè LL

)LÅzßàDŠ¶Æ£«~ƒCì(X

ÜCcèÃg{!*ÑcZzgï»ÜCtì�Zsògc*„~›Zzg)›£tÆjZáÐ

ŠzâV',Z',ƒD�XT§b›yÅYyzâwZzg³]zW',zÅ™«gc*„ÅfóŠZgƒCìZϧb)›à~Ìthg‚rì�ZkÅYyzâwZzg³]zW',zÅ™«ƒXgc*„ZÐZkÆZLo}Zzgè<ØÆ_.„ŠZ]™äÔ&áŠ~zÒ{ZzgzÃ]z){ÅÓxgÎâ]ZŠZ™äÅ:ÜsZYi]ŠîìÉZyÅ™«Ì™CìX)›gc*„ÆËÌ{~g�Zzg»gz!*g™ä»‡âã

116

Page 123: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

hgnp�XZ¤/Ãð¿ZyÆYyzâwZzg³]zW',zÃvyàñÂgc*„Zkň°ÅfóŠZgƒCìXgc*„)ÇV6,btZzgyZ`Æ**xЊz§bÆL¬Z+™CìXZy~ÌZ¤/Ãð)›¾d$zƒc*z{Ënžð™äƇ.Þ:ƒZy6,ZyƒV»Z:t:ƒÇXZ¤/Ãð�ÛŠ©Z¯Z`}5i#ÖZ(g™ác*ÃðZzgÃðZ(™ŠZgZŠZ™}�ŠÃqgc*„дƒÂQÌLçsƒY@*ìXZkÆ´z{1hðVÔmzgzVÔ”VÔèIgÉzVZzgúgÂV6,Ën»L7ìXZ¤/Ãð)›Zsògc*„Åàe$ghŠ}c*Zk»ZÙwƒYñÂZkÆfózZZ#ZÑŠZY’c*Lçs™Šc*Y@*ìZzgZkázgU*YÆfóËn»L7eZÑY@*X

117

Page 124: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

jZ!Y] jZÙzÔŠZgZ^ZÅ›Ð.0îGGÔÛz]ayÔ7141|B7991YÔ 8†|]ÖŠn†]ÖÓfn† u8gö

EÔ·0Z£0Z!\£ÿÔZ1–)x084|B7901Y( 1X1B932X

ÔZŠZg>ZÅMyzZ‰xZÑs!0îGGÔ™Zc)kXy(Ôm:412X (ÚÃrÜÖÇè]ÖËÏ`^ð 2X°YÔ·gzZkzq晊t¢54-öGE

GE

3XZy~ÐZq-Ñot¶�ZyÐbt:1YñTÆ$+á~z{iÃZ>ЊzkHLZŠZ™,ÐXÔŠZgZH£î EGÔayÔ6041|Ô01B911(X ZZ]ÖÛfŠç½XX ( )Š¶:Z–

8göE

4XÎg>ZÅ)óZ+>5:23X5XÎg>ZÅ)óZ+>5:54X

Ô2B642X ]Ör^ÚÄ¢uÓ^Ý]Öφlá 6XZÅ?Ô7XÎg>ZÂ>2:871X

ÔŠZgZ^ZÅ›Ð.0îGGÔÛz]ÔayÔ1141|B1991YÂ[ZÅ©hé G%îGÔ ]ÖŠßà 8XKðÔZ£0-ÔZ1†Z°Ý)x303|B519Y(Ôþþ

!*[WOZš@)bB2478(5B522XÔŠZgZ2[ZÅ›Ð.0îGGÔÛz])kXy(ÔÔÂ[Z−c*]zZÅ©}é GmÔm:343X ]ÖÛŠß‚ ( 9X&áwÔ·0ZŠgöÔZ1†Zv

Ô2B231X ]ÖÛfŠç½ ( 01Xu8göE

11X&áwÔÂ[èÃgÔm:443XÔï·Z',Z�ZaÔ„ÃzgµÔ?zgÔ Òj^h]Öí†]t 21XZ1-ŠÔ‡èÔ©[0Z',Z�ZÑ»g~)x281|B897|(Ô

1891Ym:852XÔ01B323X ]ÖÛÇßoÊo]ÖËÏä ( 31XZ0ŠZ%îGÔÔZ£0ZYÏ)x026|B3221Y(

Ô01B181; ]ŸÞ’^Í Ô6B241;%ŠZz~Ô Òe^Í]ÖÏß^Å Ôm62B231;ÈCÔ ]ÖÛfŠç½ 41Xu8göE

ÔÔ8B733X ]Öfv†]Ö†]ñÐ Z0

+B-êE

EGÔÔŠZZH£î EGÔÛz]ÔayÔ3931|Ô4B071X ]Ö‚…]ÖÛíj^… 51X8}½§ö

EÔ·Z0·Ô

|Ô6B931;ZÅh45é IGEãÔ·0Œ)x981|B508Y(Ô 1393 ÔŠZZH£î EGÔÛz]ÔayÔ ]¢Ý ( 61X&áwÔ·0ZŠgöÔZ1†Zv

Ô91B41X ]Öfv†]Ö†]ñÐ Ô2B301;Z0+B-êE

EGÔ ]Öã‚]mè Ô¬ÝZ^ÔÛz]Ôay)6041|(Ôm:182;ZÔ‘45é EGEãÔ ]Ör^ÚÄ]Ö’Çn†

Ô01B011X ]ÖÛfŠç½ 71Xu8göE

Ô81XÎg>ZÂ>Ô2:652X91XÎg>-÷Ô01:99X02XÎg>Z°°Ô31:04X12XÎg>$øGRÔ3:61X71X

118

Page 125: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

22XÎg>ZlÔ81:92X32XÎg>Z−OÔ67:3X

Ô2B781X œuÓ^Ý]Öφlá 42X8}é EmÔÔ1B113X (iËŠn†]Öφlá]ÖÿnÜ 52XZ0M

Ô01B48Ô01B58Ô01B98X ]ÖÛfŠç½ Ôm5B98;'èÃgÔ 8†|]ÖŠn†]ÖÓfn† 62Xu8göE

ÔÔ5B823X ]ÖŠn†]ÖÓfn† 72XyãÔ

Ôm7B11;gZi~Ô·0Z!–0†ZØŠg e³³³‚]ñ³³³Ä]Ö³³’³³ß³³³³^ñ³³Ä Ô4B492;»‚ãÔ œu³³³Ó³³³³^Ý]Ö³³Ï³³³†lá 82X8}é EmÔ ÔŠZgÉ4hé EI],ZÑs!0îGGÔÛz])7141|(m:981X ivËè]ÖÛ×çÕ )x666|B7621Y(Ô

Ô7B211X e‚]ñÄ]Ö’ß^ñÄ 92X»‚ãÔÔm:843X Òj^h]Öí†]t 03XZ1-ŠÔ

13XZ1-ŠÔÂ[èÃgÔm:943X23XZsX

Ô1B512X ]ÖŠn†]ÖÓfn† 33XyãÔÔ1B042X 8†|]ÖŠn†]ÖÓfn† 43Xu8gö

53Xu8göE

ÔÂ[èÃgÔ1B142X63Xu8gö

EÔÂ[èÃgÔ5B833zâˆ

ÔŠZgZ2[Z²!ÔÛz])7041|(!*[Z§Y ÚrÛÄ]Öˆæ]ñ‚ 73X34-+öXGI

ÔZ0Z!–)x708|B4041Y(Z>Z]Ô4B751X

Ôm:831X Òj^h]Öí†]t 83XZ1-ŠÔ93XZ1-ŠÔÂ[èÃgÔm:041X141X

ÔŠZgZ^ZÅ›Ð.0îGÔÛz]Ôay)kXy(Ô1B641X œuÓ^Ý]âØ]Ö„Úè 04XZ0³Ô·0Z!–)x157|B0531Y(14XZ1-ŠÔÂ[èÃgÔm:151X24XZsX

ZZæÖn‹ÊnÛ^ææá]ÖÛ^ñjnà8oXX 34X|]/ñÆiâä~tu002ŠgîHgŶZzgZkÐÁ6,L7åXÔm:672(X Òj^h]Öí†]t )

44XZ1-ŠÔÂ[èÃgÔm:672XÔ41B841X ]ÖÛfŠç½ 54Xu8gö

Ô8B041X ]Öfv†]Ö†]ñÐ 64Xu8göE

ÔÂ[èÃgÔ5B54;Z0+B-êE

EGÔÔ5B531X e‚]ñÄ]Ö’ß^ñÄ 74XZÂãÔ

119

Page 126: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

84XÎg>ZÉ4hó EYÔ4:061X161X94XÂgZ]ÔZ]Ô!*[32Me$91Ôm:881

ZZÚà]…eoÊ×n‹eßnß^æenßäÂã‚XX 05Xu8göE

äZkç@}Æ�ZÖpÜK�z{Zk§b�:)Š&ÀŸ/õ GG:Z

Å)4ið EoÔ41B85(XÔ7B741X e‚]ñÄ]Ö’ß^ñÄ 15X»‚ãÔ

25XÎg>ZÑÎwÔ8:65X75XÔ3B8831X ]Ö’vnx 35X›ÔÔ01B611X ]ÖÛfŠç½ 45Xu8gö

Ô7B041X e‚]ñÄ]Ö’ß^ñÄ 55X»‚ãÔ 65Xâz~Ô¼0ÑsÔZ1i™c*)x676|B7721Y(ÑbZ‡z~Z9›ÔŠZgZ§YZnZ_Z²!)2931Y(Z{"0î EGGÔ21B19X

1B96X (œ‘çÙ]ÖŠ†ìŠo( 75Xu8göE

85X°YÔ·gzZkzq晊t¢54-öGE

GEÔÂ[èÃgm:491X8³³³³³†|Êj³³³³x]Ö³³³³Ï³³³³‚m³³³³† Ô2B851;Z0ZÅ�)éxÔ ]Öã³³³‚]mè Ô01B38;ZÔ‘45é E

GEãÔ ]Ö³³³³ÛfŠ³³³ç½ 95XŠ&ÀŸ/õ GG:u8göE

ÔÔ5B711;Z0³ÔxXyÔ1B701X ]Öfv†]Ö†]ñÐ 6B83;Z0

+B-êE

EGÔ06Xu8gö

EÔÂ[èÃgÔ01B28X

16XŠ&ÀŸ/õ GG:Z0³ÔÂ[èÃgXÔ1B601XÔm:352X Òj^h]Öí†]t 26XZ1-ŠÔ

36XŠ&ÀŸ/õ GG:Z1-ŠÔÂ[èÃgÔm:751zâ;Z0³ÔÂ[èÃgÔ1B93X

9:92X 46XÎg>Zp!îEGÔ

56XMiZŠÔZ£0íZ−+)x7731|B8591Y(Z1ZæxÔF,)yZÅMyÔZsòZ»ŠòZgŠz!*iZgÔуgÔ)kXy(2B221X

Ô3B981X œuÓ^Ý]Öφlá 66XZÄB}é EmÔ

76XÎg>Zp!îEGÔ9:92X

86XZ1-ŠÔÂ[èÃgÔm:352;ZÂãÔÂ[èÃgÔ7B111X

96XZsX

óóÔm:452X æøÒø„øÖôÔø]ÖûÛøÇû×øçûhöÂø×øoÂøÏû×ôäŸøiöç+ìø„öÚôßûäö 07XZke~‡èZ1-ŠÆZÖp�:LL

Ôm:9B072X ]ÖÛÇßo 17XZ0ŠZ)Ô27XZsX

120

Page 127: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

E]øÖûÛôŠûÓônûàö]Ö$„ôpŸø8ønûo*ÖøäöD 37X¨Zk¿Ãë�TÆ0*k¢zgc*]i0+ÏÆa¼Ì:ƒ)Š&ÀŸ/õ GG:ZÅ?ÔZÎìÆI©xZÅMyÔ8B961(X

47XZ1-ŠÔÂ[èÃgÔm:352X

1B25X ]uÓ^Ý]âØ]Ö„Úè( 57XZ0³Ô

Ô8B961X ]Ör^ÚÄ¢uÓ^Ý]Öφlá 67XŠ&ÀŸ/õ GG:ZÅ?Ô

77XŠ&ÀŸ/õ GG:Z1-ŠÔxXyÔm:352;Z0ŠZ)ÔxXyÔ9B272;Z0³ÔÂ[èÃgÔ1B35zâˆX87XŠ&ÀŸ/õ GG:Z1-ŠÔxXyÔm:452;Z0³ÔÂ[èÃgÔ1B45X55X

Ô1B261X ]uÓ^Ý]âØ]Ö„Úè 97XZ0³ÔÔ!‹3œî EGZÄBk540î GEGGZÅ.¸ç!îGGÔZØCÙ{)6331Y(Ô i^…mî]]ŸÿÚÜæ]ÖÛ×çÕ 08XZÅ@.çE~Ô·0k,ÔZ1Q)x013|B329Y(Ô

2B072XÔm:282X382X Òj^h]Öí†]t 18XZ1-ŠÔ

28Xšfg~ä:bZjZy~zZãîg6,–ì�Z1D{ñätbtZI9.úÃZkz‰ÜzZ:HåZ#ZyÆÜsCÙ:ůãkBk,ñuÅ»g~™g„‰X)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGÂ[èÃgÔm:602(X

5B262X (8†|]ÖŠn†]ÖÓfn†( 38XZ–8gö

E

121

Page 128: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

( ‚LLZŒZZ§óó»!-:

÷EXEZzg¡Z]zá÷)ïz‹t

Tafsir ''Ahsan ut Tafasir", Its Methodology &

Characteristics (Research & Analysis)

"/ eZË™:+

Abstract

The Tafsiri literature of subcontinent varies in respect of its quality and

quantity. It has a wide deep range. Many scholars have contributed to this field. In

this literature, three trends are dominant; these tafsiri trends demonstrate specific

impressions of the individual a Mutassir. As such we have mystical interpretation,

jurisprudential and scientific interpretation and theological interpretation. All

reflecting the mind of their mufassirun.

In the mystical writings, the writers narrate the hidden meanings of the

Qur'an which are difficult for a common man to understand. In jurisprudential

Tafsir, the Islamic laws and the related affairs are discussed and explained.

Moreover, different sects in Islam are interpret Qura'an according to their school

of thought.

In theological interpretations, the words of Qur'an are explained in the

context of the Qur'an itself or the sayings of The Holy Prophet(PBUH). This type

of interpretation is called "Tafsir Bilmasur".

Maulana Sayyed Ahmad Hasan Mahaddis Dehlavi,s Tafseer-e-Qur'an

"Ahsan-ul-Tafaseer" is representative of Tafseer Bilmasur.

His Tafseer enjoys very prominent place among the Tafseeri literature of

sub-continent. To explain and interpret the "aspects" of the Holy Qur'an, Maulana

has heavily relied upon and benifitted greatly from The Qur'an, saying of The Holy

Prophet, his companions (Sahaba kiram) and Tabeen and ancient Arabic

language.

In this research article, the salient features of "Ahsan-ul-Tafaseer" are

discussed.

0*uzy»‚~ZŠ[ZKSzªÆZ±gй–qZzgzWìXT~Z˜]

~ŒVÆfY™ZxŲtgm,~»³‚tW@*ì�¾§bZrVäŒÛWãExÆdi{gÐdŠg**c*[ÙZkÂ[xÅ}.#ÖÅìX',RÆF,ZWz·§ZgDyZLZ0+gÈñƒñƒD

�XZy~Ð&§bÆgD**]¸�X

Zk6,zWÍg»Ò',ZñpZ&-Eg;уgÔуgÔ0*ÎyX /

123

Page 129: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

´Ã:gDy

t‚Z ág~c*ëc*g'×~gDyаìXZkÆq�ƉZID»ÑgZIù]~ƒ@*ìZzgtZ,—Z ágZ]ZzgæßÑ]ÃZLŠZð~nƒCì�ÜsZy|Z]ÆZf;y~�{¤/ƒD�ÎZv¬\äŒÛWyxÆZuZg»ZŠgZuŠc*X‰fYZоwcÄz²Ãyë�XªZ,—Z ágZ]ÔXƬgsÜsZI¦sz|u„ƒD�XZkãCŠ6,ŒÛWyÅ‚Òy™**�Zk

Z¤/ZknÅ@*zÞ]~ X )1( ƪCÙ~|xÆÜsƒ1ªCÙ~z!*m|x~rªñZkeƒ

pZ÷]ÑÊ4:ƒÂ‰ÑZ_ÆfYZkÆ�ZiƇb�:t@*zspªCÙ~Æ�Z|[ŒÛWyÆ_.�çgnzo°:ƒV 1X

tŠúò:HYñ�Üsp9�ªCÙ~pÅwzZ±g7X 2X

@*zsZ+J:ƒTÆZÖpŒÛWã3:ƒVX 3X

X )2( Ѧc*[¬gn:ƒ 4X

pZkgDy»Zq-tUtì�aèZg!*[¦sZk!*]Ƈbgì��ZyÆÃc*]

zmZ]úZx~=wƒVXZknz{lzg½Zk!*]Æaà áVgì�ŒÛWyÐZyÆZ°g§g»Zm]ƒ�„CÙÑ<Ð_“7gnpXOçz{ŒÛWãWc*]Ã"1¹Òý EGz{pzäÅ[™D��

ÜsªCÙZzg²!¹Æo°ƒXZk‚~gDy»¸‹z!*ã�Zº[Z−+Z0²!)x836|(ÃX )3( ¤/ŠZ**Y@*ì

¦Ã:gDyÅqï0*uzyÅúÒ{·§Šg`fs�:»–Z{ëz‡ñkZ−‡ëXXXZi�·0Z£å&4lç EG~)x486|(X 1X

‚$Ò3©û GGXXXZi¦·@uŠgZi)x828|(X 2X

ÈÛyZšãziËkZNãXXXZi�Igu0å**Íg~)x1001|(X 3X¢¢¢¢©©©©----<<<<ééééEEEEGGGG

GGGGXXXX::::ggggDDDDyyyy

z{‚~gDyT~ŒÛWyˆÅZyWc*]łňì�Z©xz)b6,ŒƒVXT~ZÌZ^oZ©xÊ~ˆƒCì@*�ŒÛWy»Ÿ‚‡ây7g~,ЂtWYñXZk»gDy¹Y@*ìXèZ<ØÆ!*‡°{¼gÐI‚‚Š{âÎŶZzgZk~—gDy»¿Š4

124

Page 130: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

7åXeZË·@fI˜�:LL‚Æ@*g]%Zi»Y,{heÐzZãƒY@*ì�4,zwŒÛWyÅZ’ZYÐá™

èZ<ØƪxJ-t‚fZCZ¾ZnzpZ÷]Ðêg„XQZkƈèZ<ØÆik,ZW,Zk~àqaZƒŠHXZzgtZZâZq~„ƒXOçZI<LÅ–q‚Z’UƒÐ0*u¶Xˆ~z{ÌZkƒ~C_ƒC¬ˆXZϧbªCÙÅ‚ÜsZk!*]6,‡ìì�ŒÛWyˆÆÜsªCÙ~

|x6,ZrYHYñZzgËÌßg]~°zw:HYñÔpZg`ZzgÛÅ‚{mâÎÅìXZy

èZ<Øz�Ût~ÐCÙZq-Zk!*]ÅÃÒ™@*ì�ŒÛWãWc*]Å@*zsZkZ0+Zi~ÅYñ�z{ZyƺmÃc*]Ÿh+ÃWñc*ÁZiÁZyÆÃc*]ÆÜs:ƒVXZk»³tƒZ�‰ßvWc*]Å

X )4( @*zs~Zk§b5@*ãлxheÑTÐŒÛWãZÖpZLpzæßwЊzgò‰¢©-<éEG

GX:gDyÅúÒ{·§Šg`fs�:‚Z£tXXXZi5æyÔZy»**xZ£)x0311|( 1X

0181Y(X / ‚1~XXXZi‡èzYZv0*ãì)x5221| 2X

0981Y(X / ZiâZ[œ&Œ)x7031| ÞnØ]ÖÛ†]ÝÚàiËŠn†�m^l]ŸuÓ^Ý 3X

ööööUUUU****::::ggggDDDDyyyy

‚ÆZkgDyЛâVÃÑzqÐSà‘åÔYègÎwZv~VÅi!*yIgu„

Šg|ŒÛWyÅ ágbìŒÛWy»�|xW\~VЮwìZkÃÒy™**c*Šzu}/V~ŒÛWyÅ‚ZqŠg$Ig�Æfg)™**²s¬x~‚!*Å)òNg¹Y@*ìZzgZkÃöU*:‚~gDy¹YñÇX

‚!*Å)òNgÆgD**]ÅPúÒ{·§Šg`fs�:0981Y(X)²!( / ìZ#yZiâZ[œ&Œ{yñ)x7031| 1X

0981Y(X)ZgŠz( / F,)yZÅWyZiâZ[œ&Œ{y)x7031| 2X

9191Y(X / ñZ<ØZ°9.è WEZi¦Z÷Z'W!*Š~)x7331| 3X

9381Y(X / ZŒZZ§ZiñÑ**¦Z£Œö_ŠŠ~ò)8521| 4X

ik,ï‚LLZŒZZ§óó',R0*uzyÆèÃg{!*Ñ‚~gD**]~ÐöU*:gDyÅF,)y‚ìXñ�Š{£!~ZÏ‚Æ‚~

!-:÷EXEÆjZ!ÐZq-Y,{7HYg;ìX

125

Page 131: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ZZZZ³³³³XXXX‚‚‚‚ZZZZÅÅÅÅWWWWyyyy!!!!****ÅÅÅÅWWWWyyyy

‚ZŒZZ§~ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_ñäTgDyÃZCc*ìZkÆæÃZyÅt‚LL‚!*ÓNgóóÆi%}~WCìXZ+·§»ªâ~.ŒÛWy„ƒ@*ìXYè‚ZÅWy!*ÅWyÓx§tÐ

4ZzgÏÆZdŠgZ6,Ã,ìXZkat§i¯xg!*ãÅ‚Æa.e$�{Z|[ìXZâxZ0Šò�{Zzg9F,+‚ÆZ§&»f™™Dƒñg¶§Zi�:

Êo ]á]‘x]Ö_†ÑÊoƒFÖÔ]ámËŠ†]Öφ�áe^Öφ�áÊÛ^]qÛØÊoÚÓ^áÊ^Þä΂ʊ† LL

óó)5(X)‚ŒÛWy»ƒÐ9F,+ ڳ畳Ä�쳆æÚ³^]ìj³’†ÊoÚÓ^áÊÏ‚eŠ¼ÊoÚç•Ä�ì†

§itì�ŒÛWy™*Å‚ÔpŠŒÛWyÐÅYñYèŒÛWy™*~T!*]»Zq-(Z)iE+™{ìŠzu~(ZkÅ,Òy™Š~ˆÔZϧbZ¤/Zq-!*]ÃË(Z"gÐÒyHŠHìŠzu~(ZkÅzŸs#™Š~ˆì(X

ZÏÚÐZ#oqZÅ©Œé Gy˜VŒÛWyłƧjÒy™D�z;VŒÛWy™*Å‚»9F,+§iÒy™Dƒñ˜�:LL9§iŒÛWyÅ‚»-Vì�ZzwÂŒÛWyÅ‚pŠŒÛWyÐ

ÅYñQug$9ÐZzgQWU*gô/ñÐóó)6(XñÑ**¦Z£ŒÔ‚ŒÛWy!*ÅWyÆe~�Z|[ZCc*ìz{¼-Vì:

1111XXXX‰‰‰‰ÅÅÅÅzzzzŸŸŸŸssss####ñÑ**¦Z£ŒäZK‚~¼ŠñZµ6,Ôx™GÅcz~™Dƒñ‰Wc*]Å‚

Æa‚ZÅWy!*ÅWyƧiÃZ(gHìZzgŒÛWyƉ£â]ÅzŸs#Æa×£â]»ZEwHìP£â]»�gVwE+™{HY@*ìX

æø/ôƒû]*ìø³„ûÞø³^Úônû%ø³^Ñøeø³ßô³oû/ô‰û³†ø]ñônû³ØøŸøiø³Ãûfö‚öæáø/ôŸ$]Ö×ùäøæøeô^Öûçø]Öô‚ømûûàô/ôuûŠø^Þ÷æøƒôpû �ÛâyZÞü]Öû³Ïö³†ûeø³oæø]Öûnøjø³^Úøoæø]ÖûÛøŠø^ÒônûàôæøÎöçÖöç]ûÖô×ß$^ŒôuöŠûß÷æø]*ÎônûÛöç]û]Ö’$¡øéøæø�iöç]û]Ö$Òø^éø$öÜ$iøçøÖ$nûûjöÜû/ôŸ$Îø×ônû¡÷

X )7( Ú(ßÓöÜûæø]*ÞjöÜÚ(Ãû†ô•öçá—

ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_òZv¬\ÆZk�ÛâyÅ‚~µZuZLÐX!*ÂV»�Ç1åÔZy»E+™{HìXZy~ÐZq-©»XåXZkXÅzŸs#ÆaÎg>ZìÅWe$ÃzŸs#Æa

Y'ZzgZkÅ æu³‚åŸG³†mÔÖ³ä �gŠ?7HìX˜�:LLZyYV~ªX©»ì�ZvÃ

126

Page 132: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

„Š]~ËÃÑq-:™**Ôt¬Zv¬\äCÙZq-gÎwÅZ#ÖÊc*ìXæøÖø³Ïø³‚ûeø³Ãø%û³ßø³³^Êô³³oûÒö³Ø(].Ú$èõ…$‰ö³çŸ÷]*áô]Âûfö³‚öæ]û]Ö³×ù³³äøæø]qûjøßôföç]û OçÎg{Zì~�Ûâc*ìü

ÅZáVà XT»Ètì�Š*½ÅÓxZáV~�gÎwZv¬\äÇ�Zy )8( û ]Ö³_$³³^Æöçlø

äÃÇ��Zv„Å{Ø„Š]™,ZzgÑuЊzgg�XÎZZvÆTqÅ7YÅ ¸!*]ŒX )9( Yz}Zkò!~¤¨]ë�óó

2222XXXXZZZZÖÖÖÖppppÆÆÆƼ¼¼¼ŠŠŠŠççççããããŒÛWyʼnWìVÆËZq-ÂÅF%ZŠ,ƒVÂZkÂÅ‚ŒÛWy„ÅŠzu~WìVÐÅ

ì:æømø³Ïö³çÙö]Ö$„ômûàøÒøËø†öæ]ûÖøçûŸø].ÞôÙøÂø×ønûûäô�møèºÚ(à…$e(äôÎöØû/ôá$]Ö×ùäømö–ôØ%ÚøàmøPø^ðö Zg áŠ!*g~¬\ü

X )01( û ]Ö$„ômûàø�Úøßöç]ûæøiø_ûÛøòôà%Îö×öçeööÜeô„ôÒû†ô]Ö×ùäô]*Ÿøeô„ôÒû†ô]Ö×ùäôiø_ûÛøòôà%]ÖûÏö×öçh o æømøû‚ôpû/ôÖønûûäôÚøàû]*Þø^h

ZkWe$Å‚~ÂLLf™óóÆ_-VÒyK‰�:LL¬zVäf™ZvÐŒÛWyˆ%ZŠ1ìYèZÒ(}.ZäZL¯x~f™»ÂZg áŠHì

X )11( û ü âF„ø]ƒôÒû†ºÚ%fø^…øÕºœÞûøÖûßø^å Zzgz;VŒÛWyŒY@*ì‰:üÂÈtƒZ��ßvZZyŠZgŒÛWyÃ7,_�c*ŠzuzVÃ7,_ƒñFg�ÂZyÆŠwÃ

.e$ZEyƒ@*ìYèX!*ÂV6,WŠòÃ7gZ¢ƒY@*ìÂZy!*ÂVÐZk»ZEyƒY@*ìZkaXßÍVÃŒÛWyƯxZރ仢7ŒÛWyÅ!*ÂVÐZy»ZEy7ƒYX

/ôÞ$³Ûø³^]Öû³Ûö³©ûÚô³ßö³çáø]Ö$³„ômû³àø/ôƒø]ƒöÒô†ø]Ö×ù³äöæøqô×økû ŒVZq-tµƒ@*ì�Îg>ZÎwÅWe$:ü~ì�}.ZÆf™Æz‰ÜñëVÆŠw½WD�ZzgegYD�tZkWe$ÆÜs )21( û Îö³³×ö³çeöö³Üû

ìYèZkWe$~ì�Zv¬\Æf™Æz‰ÜZZ0+ZgzVÆŠw~ZEyaZƒY@*ìZka¢zg~ì�ZyŠzâVWìV~�Ût¥x™1YñXÎg>ZÎwÅWe$~}.ZƱZ[Åc*ŠZzgf™%ZŠìZzgŒVZkÅgØZzg¼AzZÅxÆz°}%ZŠ�ZknZkWe$~ps»f™HŠHZzgZkWe$~

X )31( 3,òZzgZEy»ÒyHŠHóó

3333XXXXññññççççqqqqÆÆÆÆ0000¼¼¼¼ŠŠŠŠWWWWcccc****]]]]»»»»ffff™™™™Z¤/ËWe$Å‚~ZÏñçqÆ0¼ŠWc*]ƒVÂZyWc*]æ™ÆZkÅgzÝ~‚

127

Page 133: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

™D�‰:

Îø^Ùø…øh( o ÎøçûÝøÊô†ûÂøçûáø]*Ÿømøj$Ïöçáø o æø/ôƒûÞø^[øp…øe%ÔøÚöç‰øo]*áô]ñûkô]ÖûÏøçûÝø]Ö¿$^ÖôÛônûà ü 1XZv¬\»�ÛâyXZv¬\ÆZk )41( — æømø³–ônûÐö‘ø‚û…ôpûæøŸømøß_ø×ôÐöÖôŠø^ÞôoûÊø*…û‰ôØû/ôÖøoaø^…öæá o /ôÞ(oû]*ìø^Íö]*ámöÓø„(eöçáô

�Ûây~|]ñ.»�ÛúyÆ0*kYäÆ!*g}~�±g7HåZkzZ§Å,Òy™äÆn

ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_òäFWc*]ÒyÅ�X

˜�LLZv¬\WÇ{�Ûâ@*ì�ëäñ.mZ?xÃ�ÛúyZzgZkÅxŧsY们Šc*ZzgågZZkÃÃ{îgÆŠZ�§sÐZzgxHZzgZkÆ‚BZzggÎw¯c*ZkÃZzg1ZkÃÔZkƬÅ

zÆañ.mZ?xä�±gHz{tå�~eg@*ƒVZkÐ��ÛúãßvíÃPz,ZzgíÃ×WYz}Zzg~¤‰Ü—ãÌ7g‚rYè1z_�™s1w7YZka÷}‚B;gzymZ?x

ÃÌgÎw¯c*Yz}´z{ZkÆ�ÛúyzZßV»í6,tZ²Zxì�~äZy»Zq-WŠòâgeZÑåZkzZWíÃegì�}z{=O™eZBóóX

t±g|]ñ.mZ?xä7KZzgZy±gzVÆŠzg™äÅZv¬\ÐZiÅT»f™mø³ËûÏøöç] o æø]uû³×ö³ØûÂö³Ïû‚øé÷Ú(àÖ(Šø^Þôoû o æømøŠ(³†ûÖôoû]*Úû†ôp o Îø³^Ùø…øh(]Gû†ø|ûÖôoû‘ø‚û…ôp Îg>È~ì:ü

Ètì�c*Zv÷}Šw~J!*ÂVÅ',ŠZ“aZ™Š~Yz}@*�~t]Å}.#Ö )51( — Îø³çûÖôo

Ã',Š!*g~ÐZŠZ™jVZzg÷~i!*y~�ˆ6ìY@*gì@*��xt]7gZZŠZƒXT»Èt )61( û Îø³^ÙøÎø³‚û].æiônû³kø‰ö©ûÖøÔømø^Úöç‰øo ZkÆ�Z[~Zv¬\ä�Ûâc*:ü

ì�Z}ñ.mZ?xvg~ZiJwƒ|]ñ.ðäJgŤŠÏ»ÎZwZkzZWH�×:WñZzgX )71( i!*yФ/{»–ZkzZWe;�‚~i!*yV¶Zh§b!*]:™Mhóó

4444XXXXªªªªCCCCÙÙÙÙ~~~~¬¬¬¬ggggnnnnÅÅÅÅrrrrñÑ**¦Z£Œö_äWc*]ÆŠgxyªCÙ~¬gnƒÂZÐŒÛWyÆfg)Šzg™äÅ

ÖônøvûÛô×öç]û]*æû‡ø]…øaöÜûÒø^Úô×øè÷møçûÝø]ÖûÏônø^ÚøèôæøÚôàû]*æû‡ø]…ô]Ö$„ômûàømö–ô×%çÞøöÜeôÇønûû†ô ü ÃÒÅì‰Zg áŠ!*g~¬\Å‚~˜�:LLZkWe$ÆŠzu}•}~Zv¬\ät��Ûâc*ì )81( — Âô³×û³Üõ]*Ÿø‰ø^ðÚø^møô…öæá

��ßvZzgzVÆŠw�D�Zy6,ª#Ö~ŠzkH±Z[ƒÇZyÆkHƒV»].ZƒÇZzg�ä»].ZƒÇZkÅÜZs#Zkug$~Ìì�|]Z1CÙk,>ñÅgzZe$ÐWÐWCìT»qÝtì�T

128

Page 134: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

¿äÃð@Ze$»»xßÍV~;c*ZkÅn»Z}.ZŠ-}ÇZzgZkÅ@Ze$Æ:LÐæßv(

gZ{'ÐZzgZ¤/Z0*z,ÐZÏŠgZZkÃ}.ZÌZL0*kЊ-}Ç(gZ{6,WäzZßV»NZ[¼7�Ö»Ô¸qw$+~Æ;äzZá¿ÅwZ»ì¾nZkug$~™r#zk~VäZ#We$

óó)91(ÆÈÆ æøŸøiø³ô…öæø]‡ô…øéºæô‡û…ø].ìû†øp Æ!š/õEÅÜZs#�ÛâŠ~ìÂZ[tµ!*¹:g;�tWe$LL

‚BYV™ñZ¬ì¾n�$+~;äzZáäŠz»xGZq-pŠ$+~ÅŠzu}ZzgzVÃ$+~ÅgZ{ÐÎc*ZknZkÊzâV§bÆpVÅwZBËŠzu}»1úZk6,7eZÑŠHZkntWe$Îg>

Æ#³7ìYV�Zz6,Åug$~™stW[ì: )02( û ]*Ÿ$iø³ô…öæø]‡ô…øéºæô‡û…ø].ìû†øp ü ZzZâÅWe$

X )12( �kHƒV6,�äzZßVÆkH{�VÆÂVgƒ,Ðóó

5555XXXXZZZZVVVVBBBBŒÛWyˆ~VßVÆfg)ßÍVÃŒäÅÃÒňì@*�{gZ{gZ„6,WYNX™r#

‚äZyVßVÅ‚Šzu}£â]ÐÅì†:

aö‚÷pæøƒôÒû†øpŸô.æÖôoû o æøÖø³Ïø‚û�iønûûßø^Úöç‰øo]Öûö‚øpæø]*æû…ø$ûßø^eøßôoû/ô‰û†ø]ñônûØø]ÖûÓôjø^h :ü 1XZv¬\»�ÛâyX )22( — ]Ÿû*Öûfø^h

Zv¬\ÆZk�ÛâyÅ‚~|]ñ.ZzgZyÅxÅVwÒyƒðìXZk»ÈzZã

™äÆaŒÛWyÅŠzu~Wc*]Ã7HìXLLZkWe$~gÎßVZzgZZyzZßVÅ抙ä»f™Zv¬\ä�Ûâc*åZkæŠÅZq-Vw|]

ñ.mZ?xZzgZyŸxÅÒy�ÛâðZzg�Ûâc*�GŠ~ëäñ.mZ?xÃ@Ze$óó˜å~óóÐ%ZŠ

Zk»Èt )32( — /ôÞ$³^]*Þ³øÖûßø^]Öj$çû…ø]éøÊônûø^aö‚÷pæøÞöç… Âge$Zzgt]ìT§bZkWe$~�Ûâc*:üì�"—Z@*gZëäÂgZ>ÃZk~@Ze$ZzgâgìZzgzZg_HëäµZuZLÃÂ[»Zkfª

ZzgpZg~Æ�T~z{2�ÛúyÆÓxàzVZzgâwzi}»ZyÃzZg_¯c*Zk:LÐ�ZrVäZvÅZzgZkÅÂ[zgÎwmZ?xÅ@*Zg~6,ñHZzgTÂ[Æz{zZg_K‰¸XZk~ZyÆ

X )42( a@Ze$Zzgö�XÃZv¬\ä=»ï«�Ûâðìóó

6666XXXX÷÷÷÷zzzzÃÃÃÃ]]]]

ñÑ**¦Z£ŒòäLLZŒZZ§óó~‰(6,÷zÃ]»f™ÌHìX6�Zv¬\Æ

129

Page 135: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Òø³^áø]Ö³ß$³^Œö].Ú$è÷æø]uô³‚ø³é÷Êøfø³Ãø³&ø]Ö×ùäö]Öß$fôn(nûàøÚöføP(†ômûàøæøÚöß„ô…ômûàøæø]*ÞøÙøÚøÃøöÜö]ÖûÓôjø^høeô^ÖûvøÐ( �Ûây:üÖônø³vû³Óö³Üøeønûû³àø]Öß$^ŒôÊônûÛø^]ìûjø×øËöç]ûÊônûäôæøÚø^]ìûjø×øÌøÊônûäô/ôŸ$]Ö$„ômûàø].æiöçåöÚôàeøÃû‚ôÚø^qø^ðiûöÜö]Öûføn(ßø^löeøÇûnû÷

eønûû³ßøö³ÜûÊøø³‚øp]Ö³×ù³äö]Ö$³„ômû³àø�Úø³ßö³ç]ûÖô³Ûø^]ìûjø×øËöç]ûÊônûäôÚôàø]ÖûvøÐ(eô¬ôƒûÞôäôæø]Ö×ùäömøû‚ôpûÚøàmøPø^ðö/ôÖøo‘ô†ø]½õ

Å‚~gBZi�: )52( û Ú%ŠûjøÏônûÜõ

LLZkWe$~Zâ!*]÷zsì�Z#ÐßÍVä©gh™"$6,4ZzgW:»Z%s

æøÚø³³^Òø³³^áø ü ÑzqHìZkz‰ÜÐZv¬\ä™r#Ñ<ZmCYÃ'ÑzqHOçÎg{-÷ÅWe$

]Ö³ß$³³^Œö/ôŸ$].Ú$è÷æø]uô³‚ø³é÷Êø³³^ìûjø³×ø³Ëö³ç]ûæøÖø³çûŸøÒø³×ô³Ûø躉øfø³Ïø³³kûÚô³à…$e(ÔøÖø³Ïö³–ô³³oøeønûû³ßøöÜûÊônûÛø³^Êônû³äô

~Zv¬\äZk÷zsÃf™HZknqÁäZKgu~ZÏ*yÅug$Å )62( — mø³íûjø³×ô³Ëö³çá

Òø³³^áø]Ö³³ß$³³^Œö].Ú$è÷æø]uô³‚ø³é÷Êøfø³Ãø³&ø]Ö³×ù³³äö ü gzZe$ÅìZzg9¹ìZzg†Zv0&ŠÅŒÛP]ÌtìX )72( û ]Öß$fôn(nûàø

ÀÑZq-ÑÄaäDÙZg�X~&ξ{gÎw�X0*õgÎw|]âßPÔ|]Z',Z�ðÔ|]ñ\öWPÔ|]}ðÔ·gÎwZv~VZzßZZ+xBD�ZzgôÃ5™Zq-ÎegÂÁW�yÐZF,~

X )82( �óó

7777XXXXZZZZŒŒŒŒÛÛÛÛZZZZYYYY''''

ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_ò‰Wc*]Å‚~ZŒÛPÂV»f™™D�X‰Zv¬\»�Ûây:Êø³×ø³Û$^qø^ðaöÜö]ÖûvøÐ%ÚôàûÂôß‚ôÞø^Îø^Ööç]ÖøçûŸø].æiôoøÚô%ûØøÚø^].æiôoøÚöç‰øo]*æøÖøÜûmøÓûËö†öæ]eôÛø^].æiôoøÚöç‰øoÚôà ü

X )92( û ÎøfûØöÎø^Ööç]‰ôvû†ø]áôiø¿ø^aø†ø]æøÎø^Ööç]/ôÞ$^eôÓöØ)Òø^Êô†öæá

ÅŒÛP]7,SYz}ÏZzgpWe$Æ û Îø³^Ööç]‰ôvû†ø]áôiø¿ø^aø†ø] ˜�:Zk‚Åßg]~ütƒVÐ��ÛúyZzgZkÅxä|]ñ.Zzg|];gzyù�ŠzâVYŠz¤/Zq-Šwƒ‰�ZzgëZzy

Æ”G�ZzgŠzu~ŒÛP]HZyÅìTÅgzZe$|]†Zv0„kñÐÌìZkßg]~We$ÆptƒVÐ�ŒÛ÷äÂge$ZzgŒÛWyÑpŠzâV»YŠzec*WÐZv¬\ä�Ûâc*ìZ}gÎwZv~V

ZyæÃVм�?ßÍVÃÂge$ZzgŒÛWyÑpÐ4ÃðÂ[¥xƒÂ7™zWy~ŒÛP]ŒÛWyÆX )03( *yй_“gBbìóó

tåñÑ**¦Z£Œò»!-:

÷EXE‚ZÅWy!*ÅWyTÃìZ?Òy™Šc*ŠHXWÒ{,]~ñÑ**

130

Page 136: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

¦Z£Œö_ò»!-:

÷EXE‚ZÅWy!*�g$7HYñÇX

[[[[XXXX‚‚‚‚ZZZZÅÅÅÅWWWWyyyy!!!!****vvvv

ŒÛWy™*Æ‚!*Å)òNg»ZëF,+]gzâ~.ZqŠg$tt~V�6�ZâxZ0ŠòZkÆ0˜�:LLZ¤/Zk~?»x[:ƒj)ªŒÛWy™*Å‚»ŒÛWy~:ïn(Â<LgÎwZv

X )13( ~Vŧsg�q™z�ŒÛWyÅÑbz‚™Cìóó

Íc*ŒÛWy™*Å�‚pŠZv¬\ä�ÛâðìZkÆ‚gÎw»ŠgzìZg áŠg!*ãì)ZzgëätŒÛWyW\~V )23( æø]*Þ³øÖûßø^/ôÖønûûÔø]Ö„(Òû†øÖôjöføn(àøÖô×ß$^ŒôÚø^Þö(Ùø/ôÖønûûôÜûæøÖøÃø×$öÜûmøjøËøÓ$†öæá— ü

ŧs**iwHì@*�ßÍVÆaW\~VZyp}ÅzŸs#™,�W\~VŧsZ@*g}‰�(X

æøÚø^]*ÞøÖûßø^Âø×ønûûÔø]ÖûÓôjø^hø/ôŸ$Öôjöføn(àøÖøöÜö]Ö$„ôpû]ìûjø×øËöç]û ZϧbŠzu}£x6,Zg ኃ@*ì:ü)ZzgëätÂ[ZÏa**iwÅì@*�W\~VZyÃz{!*'Åw™CŠ,X~z{Z%s )33( û Êônû³³äô

™D¸(X

èÃg{!*ÑWc*]zZãîg6,ŠÑª™C��ŒÛWyˆÅ‚z=ô™**W8g~V»Zë»xåXW\

�¼Ì‚�ÛâDz{ðY+$ZvƒC¶Zk6,zk)uZ)ZqŠg$zò(»Z:tƒ@*ìZÏaW\~V

)ŠZg!"—=ŒÛWyŠc*ŠHìZzgZkÅéZk )43( óó ]Ÿ]Þ³o]æin³k]ֳφ�áæÚ%×äÚÃä ä�Ûâc*:LLÆ‚B(X

ŒVLL?eóóÐ%ZŠLLug$z<LóóìZzgtÌW\~V6,ŒÛWyˆÅ§b&+g=zk**iwƒC¶XZyŠzâVzkÆ4,zw~�ÛtÜsZÚå�LLŒÛWyÅÝsZÖpÆ‚B¶Zzg<L~_z¢�

X )53( ZzgçãÅW\~V6,zkƒCX&W\~VZLZÖpc*ZqwЪCÙ�ÛâDZqŠg$ZzgògÎw~V~X»ñVÆ™äZzgX»ñVÆ:™ä»�¬ìZkÅZÝ

Ò³ØÚ³^γ^Ùeä…‰çÙ]Ö×ä‘×o Ë:Ëßg]~ŒÛWyˆ~ñ�ŠìXOçZâx áwò�ÛâD�:LL)gÎwZv~Vä�¬ÌŠc*ìz{ŒÛWy„Ðâpf )63( óó ]ֳ׳ä³×n³äæ‰×ÜÊãçÚÛ^ÊãÛäÚà]Öφ�á

ì(XèÃg{!*ÑŠÑbÐl!zZãƒ@*ì�ug$uìZzgŒÛWyÅ‚»ãCŠ~â~.ÌìÔñÑ**

131

Page 137: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

¦Z£Œö_òaèug$~Šgugnp¸ZzgÀmÐzZ.ÌÔZÏaZrVäŒÛWãWc*]Å‚~YOZqŠg$»E+™{HìÔÅ<å XEZ‚ZÅWy!*�g$ÆŸ~ZyÆ

!-:÷EXEÃ7HY@*ìX

1111XXXX¼¼¼¼ŠŠŠŠZZZZqqqqŠŠŠŠgggg$$$$

ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_ŒÛWyÅWe$Å‚ÆaZZqŠg$7�ÛâD�@*�ŒÛWyÆ�Ûây»pz|x!*ÇzZãƒYñZ,„Z|[6,FFP£x’k,KYD�:

Öø³äöÚö³Ãø³Ï(fø³^lºÚ(³àeønûû³àômø‚ømûûäôæøÚôàûìø×ûËôäômøvûËø¿öçÞøäöÚôàû]*Úû†ô]Ö×ùäô/ôá$]Ö×ùäøŸømöÇøn(†öÚø^eôÏøçûÝõ We$:ü 1X

Å‚ )73( û uøj$³omö³Çøn(†öæ]ûÚø^eô*ÞûËöŠôôÜûæø/ôƒø]]*…ø][ø]Ö×ùäöeôÏøçûÝõ‰öçð]÷Êø¡øÚø†ø[$ÖøäöæøÚø^ÖøöÜÚ(à[öæÞôäôÚôàæø]Ù

~˜�:LL®~Z1CÙk,{ñÐgzZe$ì�CÙ¿Å™«ÆngZ]ZzgŠyÆZµZµ�ÛºCÙ

ZKy6,}.ZŧsÐHg�ðÅúiÆz‰ÜŠyÆ�ÛºZzg)Æz‰ÜgZ]Æ�ÛºWy™aÅ$+ßZŠï�Xx�ЂZ0Z!q?~|]†Zv0„kñÐgzZe$ì�™«Æ�ÛºZyƒ

œñVZzgW:VÐWŠòÅ™«™D�XœñVZzgW:VÐZkÅë~È–ìZzgZ#¼k,~WÄWäzZàƒCìTЙ«™ä»Ãð¬Zv»7ƒ@*ÂZ+qª~�Ûº™«gh

X )83( Šï�óó

2222XXXXZZZZqqqqŠŠŠŠgggg$$$$ÆÆÆÆŠŠŠŠggggxxxxyyyyrrrrñÑ**¦Z£Œòö_‚ZÅWy!*�g$ÔÆŸ~ÔŒÛWyƬłÆaZZqŠg$

7�ÛâD�Z¤/ZyZqŠg$ÆŠgxy¬gnƒÂrÌ�ÛâD�:mø³^]*m%ø^]Ö$„ômûàø�Úøßöç]û/ôƒø]ÎöÛûjöÜû/ôÖøo]Ö’$¡éôÊ^ÆûŠô×öç]ûæöqöçaøÓöÜûæø]*mûû‚ômøÓöÜû/ôÖøo]ÖûÛø†ø]ÊôÐô We$:ü

ÆK~FZqŠg$7Å�XZy~ÐZq- )93( æø]ÚûŠø³vö³ç]ûeô³†ööæ‰ôÓöÜûæø]*…ûqö×øÓöÜû/ôÖøo]ÖûÓøÃûfønûàô—

|]Z1CÙk,{ñÐgzZe$ìZkÆ0˜�:LLOçZ1CÙk,{ñÅZÏug$~gÎwZv~Väñ&+ðVJ-;BŠð™t�Ûâc*�ª#ÖÆŠyzçYÆZ¡IY~Zv¬\ÅŠg]ÐZq-®aZƒYñÏZk

nTЃnz{ZKZk®Ã(,JñX‰fYäZ1CÙk,<ØÆZk÷6,Z‹ZnHì�Z1CÙk,{ñ»t÷/z0-ñÅZkug$Æ#³ì�µZââ£ÔKðÔZ1ŠZîŠz){~ìXT~gÎwZv~V

ä�Ûâc*�¿zçYŘåÐ(,JZk}ZLÑ6,ÕHXZk»�Z[ZzgfYätŠc*ì�/z0-ñÅ

132

Page 138: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Zkug$~zçYÃ&ŠiŠðäÅu»f™ìZknZkug$Æpt���¿Zk&ŠiÅuÐ(,JZkäZLÑ6,ÕH�z{ZuZs~ñZYñÇX¾nZ1CÙk,{Åug$~Zzg/z0-ñÅug$~¼#¿7ìXZ1CÙk,{ñÅug$6,Zq-tZ‹ZnA$ì�Z1CÙk,{ñZLZk÷~@Ë�ËZzgô!Ðt÷0*c*7Y@*XtZ‹ZnÌ97ìYè'Z0Z!�z){Å9gzZìV~t÷

óóX )04( |]†Zv0/ñ»Ìñ�Šì

3333XXXXZZZZqqqqŠŠŠŠgggg$$$$6666,,,,’’’’zzzzüüüü»»»»¬¬¬¬ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_òÔ‚ZÅWy!*�g$Æe~ÔñçqдZgzZc*]Å’z

ü»¬ÌzZ㙊ï�Ô‰Zz‡]Ëug$ÅnÅ°pÌ™D�X/ôá$]Ö³×$³äøŸømøŠûjø³vûnô³oû]*ámø³–û³†ôhøÚø%ø¡÷Ú$³^eø³Ãöç•øè÷ÊøÛø^ÊøçûÎøø^Êø*Ú$^]Ö$„ômûàø�Úøßöç]û 1XZv¬\Æ�Ûây:ü

Êønø³Ãû³×ø³Ûö³çáø]*Þ$³äö]Öû³vø³Ð%Úô³à…$e(ô³Üûæø]*Ú$^]Ö$„ômûàøÒøËø†öæ]ûÊønøÏöçÖöçáøÚø^ƒø]]*…ø][ø]Ö×$äöeôøþ³„ø]Úø%ø¡÷mö–ôØ%eôäôÒø%ônû†]÷

Å‚~˜�: )14( æømøû‚ôpûeôäôÒø%ônû†]÷æøÚø^mö–ôØ%eôäô/ôŸ$]ÖûËø^‰ôÏônûà—

LLZkæãÎg]~ooZzgZyÆ‚¶·ŠÆf™ÆˆQZv¬\äŠzVBÒy�ÛâN

‰XZq-kZzgZ0+ƒ}~WvväÅŠzu~š/uZzgðÅXZzgZkÎg]Ьl~�ŒÛWy»z**iwƒZåZk~í)~Zzg)~ÆyÅVB‰XŒÛWyÑpÆ”GßvZk6,ƒ™D¸�

T¯x~Z+HqzV»f™ƒz{¯xZÞYèƒYìXZv¬\äZkWe$~Zy»�Z[Šc*ì�‘tƒä~HZzg™r# áyq,ƒ',Z',�XZv¬\ZK‘‡]~ÐTqÅeìVwÒy™}Zk6,ƒ**.ìX

F,è~~™0ÄñÐgzZe$ìT»ZÝtì�gÎwZv~Vä�Ûâc*�‚g~Š*ÅŠgZvÆ4,Šq-Z¤/Zq-�Æ6,Æ',Z',̃CÂË»�ÛÃZq-˜.$0*㻊*~:MXF,è~äZkug$ÃŒ9¾d$¹ìZk¾d$§&Ã̸]ƒYCìXö$Æ4,Šq-¾d$ug$z{ìTÃËr

X )24( ÐZq-»Š¿gzZe$™}óó

`XXXX‚‚‚‚ZZZZÅÅÅÅWWWWyyyy!!!!****°°°°ZZZZñññññÑ**¦Z£ŒòäZŒZZ§~ZKgZñÐÃð‚7ÅìZ%‰ñZµ6,jZ!Æ%

We$Å‚ÅìÔ��ZWc*]ZzgRgzZc*]»Ü7ìX†:

133

Page 139: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

eô³òûŠø³Ûø³^]Gûjø³†øæû]ûeôäô]*ÞËöŠøöÜû]*ámøÓûËö†öæ]ûeôÛø^œÞøøÙø]Ö×ùäöeøÇûnû÷]*ámößø(Ùö]Ö×ùäöÚôà Zv¬\»�Ûâyü 1(

X )34( û Êø–û×ôäôÂø×øoÚøàmøPø^ðöÚôàûÂôfø^[ôåôÊøfø«öæ]ûeôÇø–øgõÂø×øoÆø–øgõæøÖô×ûÓø^Êô†ômûàøÂø„ø]hºÚ%ônûà

ûÅ‚~–ì: Êøfø«öæ]ûeôÇø–øgõÂø×øoÆø–øg ZkWe$~ü

LLZv¬\»×6,×ZkaƒZ�Zq-ÂZy·ŠßÍVäZvÅÂ[ÂgZ]ÅWìVÃ$+weZÑX

Šzu}ZgÆÂ[ZÞZzg|]}Æуä»ZïgHXŠ}ÑWyZ²âyÃÑ',hZzgŒÛWyÃÂ[ZÞYy™¡ZkŠÐZyÆ”Gƒñ�øg~x~æ]Ðt]¬WC¶Ô)xµZ©

~tt]YV?

Zv¬\ä�Ûâc*�Zy!*ÂVÐZrVäZzgË»¼7—hZXpŠW\„fªÆ±Z[~¤/ëgƒñXfª»±Z[Zka�Ûâc*�·ŠäZk°Ôé]ZzgpŠI~Æ:LÐÑWyZ²âyÅt]»ZïgH�z{é]ÅgZ{ÐZLW\ÃZK¸xÃÑZ©Ð¬àŠgzB¸XZyÆZk°äZYi]7Š~�z{)xÆÑÅ�ÛâΊZg~™,Zzgt!*]DZÞ~ŒÛZg0*_ì�ª#ÖÆŠyCÙ™r#é]WŠòÃZk§b»±Z[ƒÇT~ZkÅfªƒX

OçµZâxZ£KðZzgF,è~~x�Ð�gzZt�Zy»qÝtì�ª#ÖÆŠy-

ßvw4VÆŸÆ',Z',WŠòÅßg]~Z�ÐZzgÓx‘‡]Ågz0+y~WNÐ@*�ƒ‘‡]

X )44( ~ZyÅfªƒóó

ŠŠŠŠXXXX‚‚‚‚ZZZZÅÅÅÅWWWWyyyy!!!!****¸ZZZZwwwwôôôô////zzzz@@@@****ÉÉÉÉ1111XXXXZZZZZZZZwwwwôôôô////ññññÆÆÆÆZZZZ~~~~....zzzzFFFF,,,,ßßßß»»»»££££gggg

ZkÐI�ëñÑ**¦Z£Œòö_ÆZk!-:

÷EXE‚ÃÒy™,Ô‚ô/ÅZÌ»¿E+™{

¢zg~¥xƒ@*ìX

‚‚‚‚ôôôô////ññññÅÅÅÅZZZZÌÌÌÌ

‚ô/ñÅZÌ»Z0+Zi{Zk!*]ÐÎc*YYì��ô!4,zwzkÆz‰Üñ�ŠƒZkÅ‚ug$%qÅw»ŠgzgBbìXZâxgg~ZzgZâx›»Ã̸ìXZâxqÁ˜�:

LLug$»¤DWÇ{gì��ô!4,zwzkÆz‰Üñ�ŠƒZkÅ‚T)Zâxgg~z›(

134

Page 140: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

X )54( Æ4,Šq-ug$%q»ŠgzgBbìóó'×h+',WVô/™ZxñÅZk)®)ä¬ZKi0+7VÃ9}.ZÆ_.eJÑZyÐŒÛWy5X

tßvZò[4,zwÆâCÙÔ**tz™cƬÝZzgAñZÞÆg'×Ùk¸XͲ[ƒäÆ**ðô/ñÃŒÛWy0*uÀòp³™ä~Š‰Ü77WC¶XpŒÛWyÅZq-{mZ˜ki!*yÌÂìT

ñ ~ßxÔi2>ÔeÔ˜ŠÔZÜtÔ',z¾òÔZMz°zZyÔczsz”GÔïbz:tÅZ˜q]Ì�Xô/™ZxX )64( äZyZ˜q]ZzggñiŃ!*S†—gZ™x~VÐqÝÅZzgWÐZ#ÖÃvH

ô/™ZxñŒÛWyÅz„‚Òy™DÔ�!*ßZôc*šzZôgÎwZ™x~VÐFgc*TWe$»:L4,zwZrVäpŠ5±Hƒ@*Ôc*�q~&Z¿ŠzZ^oZy6,¢ƒCX

Zºnô/™ZxÅ‚ÔÑ™*~VÅ‚ÐZ•ðic*Š{ŒÛd$ZzgZ•ð‡šOŠìÔYèZrVä',Z{gZ„Ñ™*~VÐŒÛWy5Zzgz{ÓxŒÛZízZjZwÌZyÆ‚t¸X~ŒÛWy

**iwƒg;åÔPô/‚ZÅWy~{m'g]Æqï¸X~#ñZg‹ÔZ0„kÔZ0&ŠZzg

X )74( Z!0ªgçZyZv:Z�z){ áï�mø³^]*m%ø³^]Ö³ß$³^Œö]Âûfö³‚öæ]û…øe$³Óö³Üö]Ö$³„ôpûìø³×øÏøÓöÜûæø]Ö$„ômûàøÚôàÎøfû×ôÓöÜûÖøÃø×$ÓöÜû Zv¬\»�Ûây:ü

]Ö$³„ôpûqøÃøØøÖøÓöÜö]Ÿ*…ûšøÊô†ø]G÷æø]ÖŠ$Ûø^ðeôßø^ðæø]*ÞøÙøÚôàø]ÖŠ$Ûø^ðôÚø^ð÷Êø*ìû†øtøeôäôÚôàø]Ö%$Ûø†ø]lô o iøj$Ïöçáø

Å‚~ô/ñÆ‚Bx»Ìf™Hì: )84( û …ô‡ûÎ÷Ö$ÓöÜûÊø¡øiørûÃø×öç]ûÖô×ùäô]*Þ‚ø][]÷æø]*ÞjöÜûiøÃû×øÛöçáø

LL|]†Zv0„kñZzg†Zv0&ŠñZzgxä�Ûâc*ì�ZkWe$~Zv¬\älÆ"$6,2Vo¦VZzgZIÂ[ƒÃ5™{Ø„Š]ZÞÅZzgT{Ø©ZÞÅF,(ÑWyZ²ây

ÐtZg áŠ�Ûâc*ì�tßvfgZg™, û æø]*ÞjöÜûiøÃû×øÛöçáø ŠÑDZkÆZnqÅ@*NZyƒÃ�ÛâðìüÂZyÃpŠ¥xƒYz}Ç�ZKyZzgZkÅgZs#»‚âyƒ¼Z#}.Z¬\»aZHƒZìÂ{ØZkÅ

X )94( ÈÏZKyÃÑixìóó

ZZZZ%%%%ssssôôôô////ññññZ¤/ËWe$Å‚~ô/»Z%sƒÂgZS!*]f™™D�:

ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_ò‚ZŒZZ§~ô/Zzg@*¹ÆZ%sÃÒy™äƈgZS]Ö³³„m³³à�ڳ߳ç]!!!æuŠ³à :ü ¸wZzgZkÅ@*GÆaug$7™D�:6�Zv¬\ä�Ûây

135

Page 141: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

)05(Å‚~˜�:LLî?Å‚~¬zV»Z%sìX|]†Zv0„kñë�� û Ú³³«h

gØZzgW\V~QuXyŠ{ñÆ4,Šq-tp��Wy]~ZyÃ4~ƒÏX1gZS¸wLLî?óóÅ‚tì�î?¼A~Zq-Šg|#ìÔx�еZâxZ£‚Z0Z!q?�z){~E0†ÐZq-

ug$ì�Zq-Z²Z!ä|]·~VÐW™7Y�H¼A~ñ}ƒVÐ?W\ä�Ûâc*:;V¼A

X )15( ~Zq-Šg|#ìT»**xî?ìZkÆZùgÆÍÚ(,}(,}�óó

2222XXXXZZZZZZZZwwww@@@@****ÉÉÉÉÐÐÐÐZZZZPPPPŠŠŠŠ

ñÑ**¦Z£Œòä‚ZÅWy~ZZw@*É»ZÈxHìZzgZyÐZPŠ»Z|[Z(gHìÔŒÛWãWc*]Å=ôz±~ñÑ**¦Z£Œò@*ÉÆZZw6,ZOŠ™D�X

LLZŒZZ§óóÆl)~˜�:LLaåŠgz‚»tì�@*ÉÆwÐŒÛWyÅ‚ÅYñYè‚Æ!*[~t�¼ë

�ô/ÐÍ™ë�XZ¤/pZq-gzZe$~ZâxZ£òäZzgZk§b‰ZzgfYä@*$š3ð EGVÆwÂIZä~Z%sHìX

p/gs@*$š3ð EGV»Zk!*]6,Z·tì�‚Æ!*[~¬@*¹�¼ë�z{ô/ÐÍ

™ë�YèT§bô/Ãt!*]¥xƒC¶�ŒÛWyÑpÅ‚~ZK§sÐ[îg6,¼IŠzic~ZC1**¯**ìÔZk§bt!*]@*$š3ð EGVÃÌ¥x¶Q@*$š3ð EGVÅÚÌtáyY,7ì�%

X )25( ô/ÐGgÆz{ËWc*]»ÈZK§sÐ[îg6,Òy™,ÐñÑ**¦Z£ŒòäZZw@*ÉÐZPŠÆŸ~�Z|[Z(gHìZkÅVBt�:

Å‚~˜�: )35( û Âøàô]Öß$fø¬ô]ÖûÃø¿ônûÜô o ÂøÜ$møjøŠø^ðÖöçáø Zg áŠ!*g~¬\:üLLZ¤/pW@»¸wtì�(,~Ð%ZŠŒÛWyÑpìpyŠ{ZzgZÒx»¸wtì�(,~Ð%ZŠ�

Zzgª#ÖìXWÐÅWìV~pŠZv¬\ä̪#Ö»„f™�Ûâc*ìXZka¸wŒÛWyÑpÆX )45( ÈÆñZ¬¥xƒ@*ìóó

kkkkXXXX½½½½~~~~))))bbbb6666,,,,ÃÃÃÃŒÛWy0*uaè²!i!*y~**iwƒZZknÔZk»9ûqÝ™äÆa²!¹»D

ãCŠ~wg‚rìXñÑ**¦Z£ŒòäZŒZZ§~ic*Š{‚ŒÛWyzug$ZZwô/z@*ÉÐÅ

136

Page 142: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ìXW\äè~)bZzgZyÆZ%Ã]Ф/m,HìYèW\»‚~!-:

÷EXE‚!*ÓNgåX¹²[

Ð8iïEL¢zg]°pZzg9pz|xÅuZ.Š{HìXPVBt�:æ]Ö$„ômûàø o ]Ö$³„ômû³àømö³©ûÚôßöçáøeô^ÖûÇønûûgôæømöÏônûÛöçáø]Ö’$¡éøæøÚôÛ$^…ø‡øÎûßø^aöÜûmößËôÏöçáø Zv¬\»�Ûây:ü

Å‚~ZZyZzg(Æ )55( û mö³©ûÚô³ßöçáøeôÛø^].ÞôÙø/ôÖønûûÔøæøÚø^].ÞôÙøÚôàÎøfû×ôÔøæøeô^¤ìô†øéôaöÜûmöçÎôßöçá

çãZzg_ÒyK�:

LLZZy»ÂŒÛWyÑp~˜VZqwÆÂÆ‚BWc*ìz;VZkÆpŠà¢Æ�Zzg ZZZZZZZZyyyy::::˜V%ÂZqwÆWc*ìz;VZÒxÆ4,Šq-ZkÐZNŠZzgwi!*ãZzg¿%ZŠìX

X )65( ±Z[GÔ�Ô>ÞÜZoÔ¼AzŠzictƒ(ÆsV~� ((((::::

ìøjø³Üø]Ö³×ù³äöÂø³×ø³oÎö³×öçeô`ÜûæøÂø×øo‰øÛûÃôôÜûæøÂø×øo]*eû’ø^…ôaôÜûÆôPø^æøéºæøÖøöÜûÂø„ø]hº Zv¬\»�Ûâyü ¬¬¬¬::::Å‚~¬ÅZlxÒy )75( û æøÚôàø]Öß$^ŒôÚøàmøÏöçÙö�Úøß$^eô^Ö×ùäôæøeô^ÖûnøçûÝô]¤ìô†ôæøÚø^aöÜeôÛö©ûÚôßônûàø o ¿ônûܺ

Å�:LLfYä¬Åeg9ÒyÅ�óó:Zq-¬6�Ûúy»¬å�z{ZvÅfZ]»„Šwzi!*yŠzâVДGåX

ŠzuZ¬Zv¬\ÊwÐâ'i!*yÐZŒÛZg:™**‰Z+»¬XŠZŠwzi!*yŠzâVÐ}.ZÃâ'pZk»¬:â'‰Z1¤ZzgZIÂ[»¬X

X )85( aå¬o¦V»�i!*yЃ¼IZzgŠw~¼:ƒ**

Å‚ )95( æøÚô³àø]Öß$^ŒôÚøàmøÏöçÙö�Úøß$^eô^Ö×ùäôæøeô^ÖûnøçûÝô]¤ìô†ôæøÚø^aöÜeôÛö©ûÚôßônûàø— Zv¬\»�Ûâyü ÎÎÎÎtttt::::~ÎtÅZlxÒyÅ�:

ÎtŠz§b»ì:Zq-ÂZNŠ~‰ZsxÆizgÆz‰ÜZyßÍV~åXŠzuZiÔ9u(V~ZkŶK*VÑ^1ÜÔì-$Ôz°{Ü°ÔÇ1V…ÔÇ(ËWðX )06( �

X )16( o¬z{ì�i!*yÐZh!*]¾ZzgŠw~ZkÆ$+~ƒ oooo¬¬¬¬::::

137

Page 143: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

‚‚‚‚»»»»ZZZZŠŠŠŠ!!!!UUUU mmmmXXXX

ñÑ**¦Z£Œòö_ä‚~øD¢zg]ZŠ[»Ììwg3ìXZy~Ðg*Wc*]Zzg

²!õzg}úc*V�X

1111XXXXgggg****WWWWcccc****]]]]

g*Wc*]Æ!*g}~ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_ò‚Æl)~pŠg¶§Zi��»ñ.ZrV

äpŠl)~ÒyHì˜�LLZq-*yÅPWt�z;VÂZ‹ÔëWìV~šØg*aZ

].ZìZzgnÅWìV»].ZÔZ,ñµ6,qƒZ1QZ0k,ZzgqƒZ0 ƒYìZzg˜VZz6,ÅWìV»*y

MäZK‚zV~Zz6,nÆ[g*»f™ghŠc*ìXZkZgŠz‚ÅãCŠZy„{x‚zV6,g¿ˆìXZkaZk~ÌWìVÆ[g*ÆaZ™ä»§iZ(g7HŠHÉŒÛWyÑpÆZz6,n

Æ*yÅæŠÐ�g*ŠzWìV»Zyx‚zV~åXz„Òy™Šc*ŠHìX@*�[g*ÆÒy™äX )26( ЂÅãCŠ®:ƒYñ

möíø^[ôÂöçáø o æøÚô³àø]Ö³ß$³^ŒôÚø³àmøÏöçÙö�Úøß$^eô^Ö×ùäôæøeô^ÖûnøçûÝô]¤ìô†ôæøÚø^aöÜeôÛö©ûÚôßônûàø 1XZv¬\Æ�Ûây:üÊôoûÎö×öçeôôÜÚ$†øšºÊøø][øaöÜö]Ö×ùäöÚø†ø•÷æøÖøöÜ o ]Ö×ùäøæø]Ö$„ômûàø�Úøßöç]æøÚø^møíû‚øÂöçáø/ôŸ$]*ÞËöŠøöÜæøÚø^møPûÃö†öæáø

X )36( û Âø„ø]hº]*ÖônûܺeôÛø^Òø^Þöç]møÓû„ôeöçáø

‚~™r#‚äÎg{ÆW¸iÐŒVJ-ÆŒÛWãp}Ã%1oZ0+Zi~ÒyHì:˜�:LLÑzqÎg{ÐŒVJ-egWìV~{ØñëV»f™åXZzgQŠzWìV~{Ø»�ÛzV»

Z[Zy¾{WìV~o¦V»f™ìXo¬z{ì�i!*yÐZh!*]¾ZzgŠw~ZkÆ$+~ƒXo¦V»f™ŒÛWyÑp~gÎwZv~VÆæÜëg{~WäÆÑzqƒZìXó]ЬTŠgzŒÛWyÑp»l~ZF,ZìZk~o¦V»f™ZkzZW7ì�l~c*Wî›y¸c*»�Ûo¬ßvz;V7¸Yèl~ñg»„åTÆ:LÐgÎwZv~VÃlÐó]»¬ƒZóó)46(X

2222XXXX²²²²!!!!õõõõzzzzgggg{{{{ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_òäWc*]Å‚~ñµÅo9Lв!õzg{ÌÒyHìX†Îg{

138

Page 144: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

:²[»Zq-õzg{ì��ÛâΊZg~Æp~1Ñ — ìø³³„øeô³³ßø³^‘ônøjôãø³^ œü ðŠÅWe$56Å‚~˜�:Y@*ìX

}}}}òòòòt‚LL‚!*ÓNgóóÅúÒ{‚ì ////

Zk‚Æ_¬ÐŒÛWyˆÆû~¹æŠQìX ////

Zk‚Æ_·Ðûug$~æŠQìX ////

¹Ð£â]ÅzŸs#ƒYCìX ////

Fñç¬]Ð0ŒÛWyˆÆZ£â]ÅWc*]ÃZ‰™Šc*Y@*ìXZyÆ0 ////

¥â]q݃C�X‰Wc*]ƪCÙ~¬gnÊzgHŠHìXZkÐã£â]Å=ôƒYCìX ////

÷zÃ]Æ0ñÑ**™r#ä.e$pzg]Z0+ZiZ(g�Ûâc*ìX ////

‚!*°ZñÐZA[HŠHìX ////

Zk‚Æ_·Ð¹Ð¹Æ)bÅ¥â]Ìq݃Cì ////

¿îg6,t¹YYì�Zk‚»_·CÙÒpÐÆìX ////

139

Page 145: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

jjjjZZZZÙÙÙÙzzzzjjjjZZZZ!!!!YYYY]]]]633X / 1XfIÔeZË·@ÔZ‘zZ

Å.©lçE

zy)‡CÙ{ÔŠZgZ^Z�"0î GI(12XoqZÅ©Œé GyÔIt#°ExZÅWy)ZÅ)ÂîZ½)Ô„ZšgsÉÓ4lç

EIzZpi#(m:043X343X

wk,~ÔÝxZ£Ô6,zWÔ@*gõ‚z¬zy)ßW!*ŠÔoÜ**ÑZyz@*ZyÃ4002Y(m:925X 3X

714X / 4XfIÔZ‘zZÅ.©lç

EzyÔ)ZØCÙ{ÔŠZgZ^Z�"0î GI(1

5XZ0ŠÔZâxÔl)°ZßwZ‘)Šw(24X

6XoqZÅ©Œé GyÔIt#°ExZÅWy)Z°c*nÔ„ZšgsÉ4lçEIzZpi#(m:043X

2:38X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 7X

61:63X g>ZìÔ Î 8X

001X / 9XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§)уgÔZÅ)»40î GEZ:(131:72Ô82X g>Z°°Ô Î 01X

32X / 11XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô38:2X g>ZÑÎwÔ Î 21X

943X / 31XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔZŒZZ§Ô241XÎg>ZÈZYÔ62:01X31X

02:52X82X g>ÈÔ Î 51X

61XÎg>ZÈZYÔ02:63X

761X861X / 71XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔZŒZZ§Ô461:52X g>ZìÔ Î 81X

6:461X g>ZÑÅxÔ Î 91X

35:83X g>ZâÔ Î 02X

123X / 12XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô304:35X45X g>¸�ÛÔ Î 22X

5:44X g>ZÓZ+>Ô Î 32X

011X / 42XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô62:312X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 52X

01:91X g>-÷Ô Î 62X

72XÎg>ZÂ>Ô2:312X

140

Page 146: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

661X / 82XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô192XŒÛWyˆ)82(:84X

49X / 03XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô513XZ0ŠÔl)°ZßwZ‘Ô24X

23XÎg>ZìÔ61:44X

33XÎg>ZìÔ61:46X

43XZ1ŠZîŠÔZ‹)Z°c*nÔŠZgZ?x9991Y(m:156Ôug$4064X823X / 53XxW!*Š~ÔÒZ/ÔúyZ>Š)MyÔíZv(4

63X áwÔ·0ZŠgöÔZ°‚!)Ô!{‹§öEWZ]!Z

ÄCÍ-öEzZzÑŠ{(m:29X

31:11X g>Z°°Ô Î 73X

812X912X / 83XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô393XÎg>ZÓZ+>Ô5:6X

23X33X / 04XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô22:62X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 14X

77X / 24XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô12:09X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 34X

401X501X / 44XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô154XqÁÔZ1†Zv·0†ZvÔc†ExZ�g$Ô)Ûz]ÔŠZgZ§YZ‰x7991Y(m:16X

64XZ0ZÅ}ÕäbÔZY))MyÔÃgz¹Ã{:(m:641X

74X±ïÔ°Z−+ÔD+gd$Z°Zz~Ô)Z=ÜZÅ.3ðEg>ÔZÅ)»40î GEZÅ›Ð.0îGÔ9591Y(m:404X504X

2:12X22X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 84X

57X / 94XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô192:2X31X g>Z¶]Ô Î 05X

232X / 15XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô323X / 25XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô1

87:1X2X g>ZÉ45ò EEÔ Î 35X

152X / 45XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô72:3X4X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 55X

17X / 65XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô1141

Page 147: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

2:7Ô8X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 75X

17X / 85XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô12:8X g>ZÂ>Ô XÎ 95

47X / 06XŠŠ~ÔZ£ŒÔZŒZZ§Ô127X / 16XZsÔ1

l)X / 26XZsÔ136XÎg>ZÂ>Ô2:8X01X

27X37X / 46XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô1801X / 56XZsÔ3

142

Page 148: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

( ‚LLZŒZZ§óó»!-:

÷EXEZzg¡Z]zá÷)ïz‹t

Tafsir ''Ahsan ut Tafasir", Its Methodology &

Characteristics (Research & Analysis)

"/ eZË™:+

Abstract

The Tafsiri literature of subcontinent varies in respect of its quality and

quantity. It has a wide deep range. Many scholars have contributed to this field. In

this literature, three trends are dominant; these tafsiri trends demonstrate specific

impressions of the individual a Mutassir. As such we have mystical interpretation,

jurisprudential and scientific interpretation and theological interpretation. All

reflecting the mind of their mufassirun.

In the mystical writings, the writers narrate the hidden meanings of the

Qur'an which are difficult for a common man to understand. In jurisprudential

Tafsir, the Islamic laws and the related affairs are discussed and explained.

Moreover, different sects in Islam are interpret Qura'an according to their school

of thought.

In theological interpretations, the words of Qur'an are explained in the

context of the Qur'an itself or the sayings of The Holy Prophet(PBUH). This type

of interpretation is called "Tafsir Bilmasur".

Maulana Sayyed Ahmad Hasan Mahaddis Dehlavi,s Tafseer-e-Qur'an

"Ahsan-ul-Tafaseer" is representative of Tafseer Bilmasur.

His Tafseer enjoys very prominent place among the Tafseeri literature of

sub-continent. To explain and interpret the "aspects" of the Holy Qur'an, Maulana

has heavily relied upon and benifitted greatly from The Qur'an, saying of The Holy

Prophet, his companions (Sahaba kiram) and Tabeen and ancient Arabic

language.

In this research article, the salient features of "Ahsan-ul-Tafaseer" are

discussed.

0*uzy»‚~ZŠ[ZKSzªÆZ±gй–qZzgzWìXT~Z˜]

~ŒVÆfY™ZxŲtgm,~»³‚tW@*ì�¾§bZrVäŒÛWãExÆdi{gÐdŠg**c*[ÙZkÂ[xÅ}.#ÖÅìX',RÆF,ZWz·§ZgDyZLZ0+gÈñƒñƒD

�XZy~Ð&§bÆgD**]¸�X

Zk6,zWÍg»Ò',ZñpZ&-Eg;уgÔуgÔ0*ÎyX /

123

Page 149: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

´Ã:gDy

t‚Z ág~c*ëc*g'×~gDyаìXZkÆq�ƉZID»ÑgZIù]~ƒ@*ìZzgtZ,—Z ágZ]ZzgæßÑ]ÃZLŠZð~nƒCì�ÜsZy|Z]ÆZf;y~�{¤/ƒD�ÎZv¬\äŒÛWyxÆZuZg»ZŠgZuŠc*X‰fYZоwcÄz²Ãyë�XªZ,—Z ágZ]ÔXƬgsÜsZI¦sz|u„ƒD�XZkãCŠ6,ŒÛWyÅ‚Òy™**�Zk

Z¤/ZknÅ@*zÞ]~ X )1( ƪCÙ~|xÆÜsƒ1ªCÙ~z!*m|x~rªñZkeƒ

pZ÷]ÑÊ4:ƒÂ‰ÑZ_ÆfYZkÆ�ZiƇb�:t@*zspªCÙ~Æ�Z|[ŒÛWyÆ_.�çgnzo°:ƒV 1X

tŠúò:HYñ�Üsp9�ªCÙ~pÅwzZ±g7X 2X

@*zsZ+J:ƒTÆZÖpŒÛWã3:ƒVX 3X

X )2( Ѧc*[¬gn:ƒ 4X

pZkgDy»Zq-tUtì�aèZg!*[¦sZk!*]Ƈbgì��ZyÆÃc*]

zmZ]úZx~=wƒVXZknz{lzg½Zk!*]Æaà áVgì�ŒÛWyÐZyÆZ°g§g»Zm]ƒ�„CÙÑ<Ð_“7gnpXOçz{ŒÛWãWc*]Ã"1¹Òý EGz{pzäÅ[™D��

ÜsªCÙZzg²!¹Æo°ƒXZk‚~gDy»¸‹z!*ã�Zº[Z−+Z0²!)x836|(ÃX )3( ¤/ŠZ**Y@*ì

¦Ã:gDyÅqï0*uzyÅúÒ{·§Šg`fs�:»–Z{ëz‡ñkZ−‡ëXXXZi�·0Z£å&4lç EG~)x486|(X 1X

‚$Ò3©û GGXXXZi¦·@uŠgZi)x828|(X 2X

ÈÛyZšãziËkZNãXXXZi�Igu0å**Íg~)x1001|(X 3X¢¢¢¢©©©©----<<<<ééééEEEEGGGG

GGGGXXXX::::ggggDDDDyyyy

z{‚~gDyT~ŒÛWyˆÅZyWc*]łňì�Z©xz)b6,ŒƒVXT~ZÌZ^oZ©xÊ~ˆƒCì@*�ŒÛWy»Ÿ‚‡ây7g~,ЂtWYñXZk»gDy¹Y@*ìXèZ<ØÆ!*‡°{¼gÐI‚‚Š{âÎŶZzgZk~—gDy»¿Š4

124

Page 150: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

7åXeZË·@fI˜�:LL‚Æ@*g]%Zi»Y,{heÐzZãƒY@*ì�4,zwŒÛWyÅZ’ZYÐá™

èZ<ØƪxJ-t‚fZCZ¾ZnzpZ÷]Ðêg„XQZkƈèZ<ØÆik,ZW,Zk~àqaZƒŠHXZzgtZZâZq~„ƒXOçZI<LÅ–q‚Z’UƒÐ0*u¶Xˆ~z{ÌZkƒ~C_ƒC¬ˆXZϧbªCÙÅ‚ÜsZk!*]6,‡ìì�ŒÛWyˆÆÜsªCÙ~

|x6,ZrYHYñZzgËÌßg]~°zw:HYñÔpZg`ZzgÛÅ‚{mâÎÅìXZy

èZ<Øz�Ût~ÐCÙZq-Zk!*]ÅÃÒ™@*ì�ŒÛWãWc*]Å@*zsZkZ0+Zi~ÅYñ�z{ZyƺmÃc*]Ÿh+ÃWñc*ÁZiÁZyÆÃc*]ÆÜs:ƒVXZk»³tƒZ�‰ßvWc*]Å

X )4( @*zs~Zk§b5@*ãлxheÑTÐŒÛWãZÖpZLpzæßwЊzgò‰¢©-<éEG

GX:gDyÅúÒ{·§Šg`fs�:‚Z£tXXXZi5æyÔZy»**xZ£)x0311|( 1X

0181Y(X / ‚1~XXXZi‡èzYZv0*ãì)x5221| 2X

0981Y(X / ZiâZ[œ&Œ)x7031| ÞnØ]ÖÛ†]ÝÚàiËŠn†�m^l]ŸuÓ^Ý 3X

ööööUUUU****::::ggggDDDDyyyy

‚ÆZkgDyЛâVÃÑzqÐSà‘åÔYègÎwZv~VÅi!*yIgu„

Šg|ŒÛWyÅ ágbìŒÛWy»�|xW\~VЮwìZkÃÒy™**c*Šzu}/V~ŒÛWyÅ‚ZqŠg$Ig�Æfg)™**²s¬x~‚!*Å)òNg¹Y@*ìZzgZkÃöU*:‚~gDy¹YñÇX

‚!*Å)òNgÆgD**]ÅPúÒ{·§Šg`fs�:0981Y(X)²!( / ìZ#yZiâZ[œ&Œ{yñ)x7031| 1X

0981Y(X)ZgŠz( / F,)yZÅWyZiâZ[œ&Œ{y)x7031| 2X

9191Y(X / ñZ<ØZ°9.è WEZi¦Z÷Z'W!*Š~)x7331| 3X

9381Y(X / ZŒZZ§ZiñÑ**¦Z£Œö_ŠŠ~ò)8521| 4X

ik,ï‚LLZŒZZ§óó',R0*uzyÆèÃg{!*Ñ‚~gD**]~ÐöU*:gDyÅF,)y‚ìXñ�Š{£!~ZÏ‚Æ‚~

!-:÷EXEÆjZ!ÐZq-Y,{7HYg;ìX

125

Page 151: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ZZZZ³³³³XXXX‚‚‚‚ZZZZÅÅÅÅWWWWyyyy!!!!****ÅÅÅÅWWWWyyyy

‚ZŒZZ§~ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_ñäTgDyÃZCc*ìZkÆæÃZyÅt‚LL‚!*ÓNgóóÆi%}~WCìXZ+·§»ªâ~.ŒÛWy„ƒ@*ìXYè‚ZÅWy!*ÅWyÓx§tÐ

4ZzgÏÆZdŠgZ6,Ã,ìXZkat§i¯xg!*ãÅ‚Æa.e$�{Z|[ìXZâxZ0Šò�{Zzg9F,+‚ÆZ§&»f™™Dƒñg¶§Zi�:

Êo ]á]‘x]Ö_†ÑÊoƒFÖÔ]ámËŠ†]Öφ�áe^Öφ�áÊÛ^]qÛØÊoÚÓ^áÊ^Þä΂ʊ† LL

óó)5(X)‚ŒÛWy»ƒÐ9F,+ ڳ畳Ä�쳆æÚ³^]ìj³’†ÊoÚÓ^áÊÏ‚eŠ¼ÊoÚç•Ä�ì†

§itì�ŒÛWy™*Å‚ÔpŠŒÛWyÐÅYñYèŒÛWy™*~T!*]»Zq-(Z)iE+™{ìŠzu~(ZkÅ,Òy™Š~ˆÔZϧbZ¤/Zq-!*]ÃË(Z"gÐÒyHŠHìŠzu~(ZkÅzŸs#™Š~ˆì(X

ZÏÚÐZ#oqZÅ©Œé Gy˜VŒÛWyłƧjÒy™D�z;VŒÛWy™*Å‚»9F,+§iÒy™Dƒñ˜�:LL9§iŒÛWyÅ‚»-Vì�ZzwÂŒÛWyÅ‚pŠŒÛWyÐ

ÅYñQug$9ÐZzgQWU*gô/ñÐóó)6(XñÑ**¦Z£ŒÔ‚ŒÛWy!*ÅWyÆe~�Z|[ZCc*ìz{¼-Vì:

1111XXXX‰‰‰‰ÅÅÅÅzzzzŸŸŸŸssss####ñÑ**¦Z£ŒäZK‚~¼ŠñZµ6,Ôx™GÅcz~™Dƒñ‰Wc*]Å‚

Æa‚ZÅWy!*ÅWyƧiÃZ(gHìZzgŒÛWyƉ£â]ÅzŸs#Æa×£â]»ZEwHìP£â]»�gVwE+™{HY@*ìX

æø/ôƒû]*ìø³„ûÞø³^Úônû%ø³^Ñøeø³ßô³oû/ô‰û³†ø]ñônû³ØøŸøiø³Ãûfö‚öæáø/ôŸ$]Ö×ùäøæøeô^Öûçø]Öô‚ømûûàô/ôuûŠø^Þ÷æøƒôpû �ÛâyZÞü]Öû³Ïö³†ûeø³oæø]Öûnøjø³^Úøoæø]ÖûÛøŠø^ÒônûàôæøÎöçÖöç]ûÖô×ß$^ŒôuöŠûß÷æø]*ÎônûÛöç]û]Ö’$¡øéøæø�iöç]û]Ö$Òø^éø$öÜ$iøçøÖ$nûûjöÜû/ôŸ$Îø×ônû¡÷

X )7( Ú(ßÓöÜûæø]*ÞjöÜÚ(Ãû†ô•öçá—

ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_òZv¬\ÆZk�ÛâyÅ‚~µZuZLÐX!*ÂV»�Ç1åÔZy»E+™{HìXZy~ÐZq-©»XåXZkXÅzŸs#ÆaÎg>ZìÅWe$ÃzŸs#Æa

Y'ZzgZkÅ æu³‚åŸG³†mÔÖ³ä �gŠ?7HìX˜�:LLZyYV~ªX©»ì�ZvÃ

126

Page 152: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

„Š]~ËÃÑq-:™**Ôt¬Zv¬\äCÙZq-gÎwÅZ#ÖÊc*ìXæøÖø³Ïø³‚ûeø³Ãø%û³ßø³³^Êô³³oûÒö³Ø(].Ú$èõ…$‰ö³çŸ÷]*áô]Âûfö³‚öæ]û]Ö³×ù³³äøæø]qûjøßôföç]û OçÎg{Zì~�Ûâc*ìü

ÅZáVà XT»Ètì�Š*½ÅÓxZáV~�gÎwZv¬\äÇ�Zy )8( û ]Ö³_$³³^Æöçlø

äÃÇ��Zv„Å{Ø„Š]™,ZzgÑuЊzgg�XÎZZvÆTqÅ7YÅ ¸!*]ŒX )9( Yz}Zkò!~¤¨]ë�óó

2222XXXXZZZZÖÖÖÖppppÆÆÆƼ¼¼¼ŠŠŠŠççççããããŒÛWyʼnWìVÆËZq-ÂÅF%ZŠ,ƒVÂZkÂÅ‚ŒÛWy„ÅŠzu~WìVÐÅ

ì:æømø³Ïö³çÙö]Ö$„ômûàøÒøËø†öæ]ûÖøçûŸø].ÞôÙøÂø×ønûûäô�møèºÚ(à…$e(äôÎöØû/ôá$]Ö×ùäømö–ôØ%ÚøàmøPø^ðö Zg áŠ!*g~¬\ü

X )01( û ]Ö$„ômûàø�Úøßöç]ûæøiø_ûÛøòôà%Îö×öçeööÜeô„ôÒû†ô]Ö×ùäô]*Ÿøeô„ôÒû†ô]Ö×ùäôiø_ûÛøòôà%]ÖûÏö×öçh o æømøû‚ôpû/ôÖønûûäôÚøàû]*Þø^h

ZkWe$Å‚~ÂLLf™óóÆ_-VÒyK‰�:LL¬zVäf™ZvÐŒÛWyˆ%ZŠ1ìYèZÒ(}.ZäZL¯x~f™»ÂZg áŠHì

X )11( û ü âF„ø]ƒôÒû†ºÚ%fø^…øÕºœÞûøÖûßø^å Zzgz;VŒÛWyŒY@*ì‰:üÂÈtƒZ��ßvZZyŠZgŒÛWyÃ7,_�c*ŠzuzVÃ7,_ƒñFg�ÂZyÆŠwÃ

.e$ZEyƒ@*ìYèX!*ÂV6,WŠòÃ7gZ¢ƒY@*ìÂZy!*ÂVÐZk»ZEyƒY@*ìZkaXßÍVÃŒÛWyƯxZރ仢7ŒÛWyÅ!*ÂVÐZy»ZEy7ƒYX

/ôÞ$³Ûø³^]Öû³Ûö³©ûÚô³ßö³çáø]Ö$³„ômû³àø/ôƒø]ƒöÒô†ø]Ö×ù³äöæøqô×økû ŒVZq-tµƒ@*ì�Îg>ZÎwÅWe$:ü~ì�}.ZÆf™Æz‰ÜñëVÆŠw½WD�ZzgegYD�tZkWe$ÆÜs )21( û Îö³³×ö³çeöö³Üû

ìYèZkWe$~ì�Zv¬\Æf™Æz‰ÜZZ0+ZgzVÆŠw~ZEyaZƒY@*ìZka¢zg~ì�ZyŠzâVWìV~�Ût¥x™1YñXÎg>ZÎwÅWe$~}.ZƱZ[Åc*ŠZzgf™%ZŠìZzgŒVZkÅgØZzg¼AzZÅxÆz°}%ZŠ�ZknZkWe$~ps»f™HŠHZzgZkWe$~

X )31( 3,òZzgZEy»ÒyHŠHóó

3333XXXXññññççççqqqqÆÆÆÆ0000¼¼¼¼ŠŠŠŠWWWWcccc****]]]]»»»»ffff™™™™Z¤/ËWe$Å‚~ZÏñçqÆ0¼ŠWc*]ƒVÂZyWc*]æ™ÆZkÅgzÝ~‚

127

Page 153: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

™D�‰:

Îø^Ùø…øh( o ÎøçûÝøÊô†ûÂøçûáø]*Ÿømøj$Ïöçáø o æø/ôƒûÞø^[øp…øe%ÔøÚöç‰øo]*áô]ñûkô]ÖûÏøçûÝø]Ö¿$^ÖôÛônûà ü 1XZv¬\»�ÛâyXZv¬\ÆZk )41( — æømø³–ônûÐö‘ø‚û…ôpûæøŸømøß_ø×ôÐöÖôŠø^ÞôoûÊø*…û‰ôØû/ôÖøoaø^…öæá o /ôÞ(oû]*ìø^Íö]*ámöÓø„(eöçáô

�Ûây~|]ñ.»�ÛúyÆ0*kYäÆ!*g}~�±g7HåZkzZ§Å,Òy™äÆn

ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_òäFWc*]ÒyÅ�X

˜�LLZv¬\WÇ{�Ûâ@*ì�ëäñ.mZ?xÃ�ÛúyZzgZkÅxŧsY们Šc*ZzgågZZkÃÃ{îgÆŠZ�§sÐZzgxHZzgZkÆ‚BZzggÎw¯c*ZkÃZzg1ZkÃÔZkƬÅ

zÆañ.mZ?xä�±gHz{tå�~eg@*ƒVZkÐ��ÛúãßvíÃPz,ZzgíÃ×WYz}Zzg~¤‰Ü—ãÌ7g‚rYè1z_�™s1w7YZka÷}‚B;gzymZ?x

ÃÌgÎw¯c*Yz}´z{ZkÆ�ÛúyzZßV»í6,tZ²Zxì�~äZy»Zq-WŠòâgeZÑåZkzZWíÃegì�}z{=O™eZBóóX

t±g|]ñ.mZ?xä7KZzgZy±gzVÆŠzg™äÅZv¬\ÐZiÅT»f™mø³ËûÏøöç] o æø]uû³×ö³ØûÂö³Ïû‚øé÷Ú(àÖ(Šø^Þôoû o æømøŠ(³†ûÖôoû]*Úû†ôp o Îø³^Ùø…øh(]Gû†ø|ûÖôoû‘ø‚û…ôp Îg>È~ì:ü

Ètì�c*Zv÷}Šw~J!*ÂVÅ',ŠZ“aZ™Š~Yz}@*�~t]Å}.#Ö )51( — Îø³çûÖôo

Ã',Š!*g~ÐZŠZ™jVZzg÷~i!*y~�ˆ6ìY@*gì@*��xt]7gZZŠZƒXT»Èt )61( û Îø³^ÙøÎø³‚û].æiônû³kø‰ö©ûÖøÔømø^Úöç‰øo ZkÆ�Z[~Zv¬\ä�Ûâc*:ü

ì�Z}ñ.mZ?xvg~ZiJwƒ|]ñ.ðäJgŤŠÏ»ÎZwZkzZWH�×:WñZzgX )71( i!*yФ/{»–ZkzZWe;�‚~i!*yV¶Zh§b!*]:™Mhóó

4444XXXXªªªªCCCCÙÙÙÙ~~~~¬¬¬¬ggggnnnnÅÅÅÅrrrrñÑ**¦Z£Œö_äWc*]ÆŠgxyªCÙ~¬gnƒÂZÐŒÛWyÆfg)Šzg™äÅ

ÖônøvûÛô×öç]û]*æû‡ø]…øaöÜûÒø^Úô×øè÷møçûÝø]ÖûÏônø^ÚøèôæøÚôàû]*æû‡ø]…ô]Ö$„ômûàømö–ô×%çÞøöÜeôÇønûû†ô ü ÃÒÅì‰Zg áŠ!*g~¬\Å‚~˜�:LLZkWe$ÆŠzu}•}~Zv¬\ät��Ûâc*ì )81( — Âô³×û³Üõ]*Ÿø‰ø^ðÚø^møô…öæá

��ßvZzgzVÆŠw�D�Zy6,ª#Ö~ŠzkH±Z[ƒÇZyÆkHƒV»].ZƒÇZzg�ä»].ZƒÇZkÅÜZs#Zkug$~Ìì�|]Z1CÙk,>ñÅgzZe$ÐWÐWCìT»qÝtì�T

128

Page 154: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

¿äÃð@Ze$»»xßÍV~;c*ZkÅn»Z}.ZŠ-}ÇZzgZkÅ@Ze$Æ:LÐæßv(

gZ{'ÐZzgZ¤/Z0*z,ÐZÏŠgZZkÃ}.ZÌZL0*kЊ-}Ç(gZ{6,WäzZßV»NZ[¼7�Ö»Ô¸qw$+~Æ;äzZá¿ÅwZ»ì¾nZkug$~™r#zk~VäZ#We$

óó)91(ÆÈÆ æøŸøiø³ô…öæø]‡ô…øéºæô‡û…ø].ìû†øp Æ!š/õEÅÜZs#�ÛâŠ~ìÂZ[tµ!*¹:g;�tWe$LL

‚BYV™ñZ¬ì¾n�$+~;äzZáäŠz»xGZq-pŠ$+~ÅŠzu}ZzgzVÃ$+~ÅgZ{ÐÎc*ZknZkÊzâV§bÆpVÅwZBËŠzu}»1úZk6,7eZÑŠHZkntWe$Îg>

Æ#³7ìYV�Zz6,Åug$~™stW[ì: )02( û ]*Ÿ$iø³ô…öæø]‡ô…øéºæô‡û…ø].ìû†øp ü ZzZâÅWe$

X )12( �kHƒV6,�äzZßVÆkH{�VÆÂVgƒ,Ðóó

5555XXXXZZZZVVVVBBBBŒÛWyˆ~VßVÆfg)ßÍVÃŒäÅÃÒňì@*�{gZ{gZ„6,WYNX™r#

‚äZyVßVÅ‚Šzu}£â]ÐÅì†:

aö‚÷pæøƒôÒû†øpŸô.æÖôoû o æøÖø³Ïø‚û�iønûûßø^Úöç‰øo]Öûö‚øpæø]*æû…ø$ûßø^eøßôoû/ô‰û†ø]ñônûØø]ÖûÓôjø^h :ü 1XZv¬\»�ÛâyX )22( — ]Ÿû*Öûfø^h

Zv¬\ÆZk�ÛâyÅ‚~|]ñ.ZzgZyÅxÅVwÒyƒðìXZk»ÈzZã

™äÆaŒÛWyÅŠzu~Wc*]Ã7HìXLLZkWe$~gÎßVZzgZZyzZßVÅ抙ä»f™Zv¬\ä�Ûâc*åZkæŠÅZq-Vw|]

ñ.mZ?xZzgZyŸxÅÒy�ÛâðZzg�Ûâc*�GŠ~ëäñ.mZ?xÃ@Ze$óó˜å~óóÐ%ZŠ

Zk»Èt )32( — /ôÞ$³^]*Þ³øÖûßø^]Öj$çû…ø]éøÊônûø^aö‚÷pæøÞöç… Âge$Zzgt]ìT§bZkWe$~�Ûâc*:üì�"—Z@*gZëäÂgZ>ÃZk~@Ze$ZzgâgìZzgzZg_HëäµZuZLÃÂ[»Zkfª

ZzgpZg~Æ�T~z{2�ÛúyÆÓxàzVZzgâwzi}»ZyÃzZg_¯c*Zk:LÐ�ZrVäZvÅZzgZkÅÂ[zgÎwmZ?xÅ@*Zg~6,ñHZzgTÂ[Æz{zZg_K‰¸XZk~ZyÆ

X )42( a@Ze$Zzgö�XÃZv¬\ä=»ï«�Ûâðìóó

6666XXXX÷÷÷÷zzzzÃÃÃÃ]]]]

ñÑ**¦Z£ŒòäLLZŒZZ§óó~‰(6,÷zÃ]»f™ÌHìX6�Zv¬\Æ

129

Page 155: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Òø³^áø]Ö³ß$³^Œö].Ú$è÷æø]uô³‚ø³é÷Êøfø³Ãø³&ø]Ö×ùäö]Öß$fôn(nûàøÚöføP(†ômûàøæøÚöß„ô…ômûàøæø]*ÞøÙøÚøÃøöÜö]ÖûÓôjø^høeô^ÖûvøÐ( �Ûây:üÖônø³vû³Óö³Üøeønûû³àø]Öß$^ŒôÊônûÛø^]ìûjø×øËöç]ûÊônûäôæøÚø^]ìûjø×øÌøÊônûäô/ôŸ$]Ö$„ômûàø].æiöçåöÚôàeøÃû‚ôÚø^qø^ðiûöÜö]Öûføn(ßø^löeøÇûnû÷

eønûû³ßøö³ÜûÊøø³‚øp]Ö³×ù³äö]Ö$³„ômû³àø�Úø³ßö³ç]ûÖô³Ûø^]ìûjø×øËöç]ûÊônûäôÚôàø]ÖûvøÐ(eô¬ôƒûÞôäôæø]Ö×ùäömøû‚ôpûÚøàmøPø^ðö/ôÖøo‘ô†ø]½õ

Å‚~gBZi�: )52( û Ú%ŠûjøÏônûÜõ

LLZkWe$~Zâ!*]÷zsì�Z#ÐßÍVä©gh™"$6,4ZzgW:»Z%s

æøÚø³³^Òø³³^áø ü ÑzqHìZkz‰ÜÐZv¬\ä™r#Ñ<ZmCYÃ'ÑzqHOçÎg{-÷ÅWe$

]Ö³ß$³³^Œö/ôŸ$].Ú$è÷æø]uô³‚ø³é÷Êø³³^ìûjø³×ø³Ëö³ç]ûæøÖø³çûŸøÒø³×ô³Ûø躉øfø³Ïø³³kûÚô³à…$e(ÔøÖø³Ïö³–ô³³oøeønûû³ßøöÜûÊônûÛø³^Êônû³äô

~Zv¬\äZk÷zsÃf™HZknqÁäZKgu~ZÏ*yÅug$Å )62( — mø³íûjø³×ô³Ëö³çá

Òø³³^áø]Ö³³ß$³³^Œö].Ú$è÷æø]uô³‚ø³é÷Êøfø³Ãø³&ø]Ö³×ù³³äö ü gzZe$ÅìZzg9¹ìZzg†Zv0&ŠÅŒÛP]ÌtìX )72( û ]Öß$fôn(nûàø

ÀÑZq-ÑÄaäDÙZg�X~&ξ{gÎw�X0*õgÎw|]âßPÔ|]Z',Z�ðÔ|]ñ\öWPÔ|]}ðÔ·gÎwZv~VZzßZZ+xBD�ZzgôÃ5™Zq-ÎegÂÁW�yÐZF,~

X )82( �óó

7777XXXXZZZZŒŒŒŒÛÛÛÛZZZZYYYY''''

ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_ò‰Wc*]Å‚~ZŒÛPÂV»f™™D�X‰Zv¬\»�Ûây:Êø³×ø³Û$^qø^ðaöÜö]ÖûvøÐ%ÚôàûÂôß‚ôÞø^Îø^Ööç]ÖøçûŸø].æiôoøÚô%ûØøÚø^].æiôoøÚöç‰øo]*æøÖøÜûmøÓûËö†öæ]eôÛø^].æiôoøÚöç‰øoÚôà ü

X )92( û ÎøfûØöÎø^Ööç]‰ôvû†ø]áôiø¿ø^aø†ø]æøÎø^Ööç]/ôÞ$^eôÓöØ)Òø^Êô†öæá

ÅŒÛP]7,SYz}ÏZzgpWe$Æ û Îø³^Ööç]‰ôvû†ø]áôiø¿ø^aø†ø] ˜�:Zk‚Åßg]~ütƒVÐ��ÛúyZzgZkÅxä|]ñ.Zzg|];gzyù�ŠzâVYŠz¤/Zq-Šwƒ‰�ZzgëZzy

Æ”G�ZzgŠzu~ŒÛP]HZyÅìTÅgzZe$|]†Zv0„kñÐÌìZkßg]~We$ÆptƒVÐ�ŒÛ÷äÂge$ZzgŒÛWyÑpŠzâV»YŠzec*WÐZv¬\ä�Ûâc*ìZ}gÎwZv~V

ZyæÃVм�?ßÍVÃÂge$ZzgŒÛWyÑpÐ4ÃðÂ[¥xƒÂ7™zWy~ŒÛP]ŒÛWyÆX )03( *yй_“gBbìóó

tåñÑ**¦Z£Œò»!-:

÷EXE‚ZÅWy!*ÅWyTÃìZ?Òy™Šc*ŠHXWÒ{,]~ñÑ**

130

Page 156: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

¦Z£Œö_ò»!-:

÷EXE‚ZÅWy!*�g$7HYñÇX

[[[[XXXX‚‚‚‚ZZZZÅÅÅÅWWWWyyyy!!!!****vvvv

ŒÛWy™*Æ‚!*Å)òNg»ZëF,+]gzâ~.ZqŠg$tt~V�6�ZâxZ0ŠòZkÆ0˜�:LLZ¤/Zk~?»x[:ƒj)ªŒÛWy™*Å‚»ŒÛWy~:ïn(Â<LgÎwZv

X )13( ~Vŧsg�q™z�ŒÛWyÅÑbz‚™Cìóó

Íc*ŒÛWy™*Å�‚pŠZv¬\ä�ÛâðìZkÆ‚gÎw»ŠgzìZg áŠg!*ãì)ZzgëätŒÛWyW\~V )23( æø]*Þ³øÖûßø^/ôÖønûûÔø]Ö„(Òû†øÖôjöføn(àøÖô×ß$^ŒôÚø^Þö(Ùø/ôÖønûûôÜûæøÖøÃø×$öÜûmøjøËøÓ$†öæá— ü

ŧs**iwHì@*�ßÍVÆaW\~VZyp}ÅzŸs#™,�W\~VŧsZ@*g}‰�(X

æøÚø^]*ÞøÖûßø^Âø×ønûûÔø]ÖûÓôjø^hø/ôŸ$Öôjöføn(àøÖøöÜö]Ö$„ôpû]ìûjø×øËöç]û ZϧbŠzu}£x6,Zg ኃ@*ì:ü)ZzgëätÂ[ZÏa**iwÅì@*�W\~VZyÃz{!*'Åw™CŠ,X~z{Z%s )33( û Êônû³³äô

™D¸(X

èÃg{!*ÑWc*]zZãîg6,ŠÑª™C��ŒÛWyˆÅ‚z=ô™**W8g~V»Zë»xåXW\

�¼Ì‚�ÛâDz{ðY+$ZvƒC¶Zk6,zk)uZ)ZqŠg$zò(»Z:tƒ@*ìZÏaW\~V

)ŠZg!"—=ŒÛWyŠc*ŠHìZzgZkÅéZk )43( óó ]Ÿ]Þ³o]æin³k]ֳφ�áæÚ%×äÚÃä ä�Ûâc*:LLÆ‚B(X

ŒVLL?eóóÐ%ZŠLLug$z<LóóìZzgtÌW\~V6,ŒÛWyˆÅ§b&+g=zk**iwƒC¶XZyŠzâVzkÆ4,zw~�ÛtÜsZÚå�LLŒÛWyÅÝsZÖpÆ‚B¶Zzg<L~_z¢�

X )53( ZzgçãÅW\~V6,zkƒCX&W\~VZLZÖpc*ZqwЪCÙ�ÛâDZqŠg$ZzgògÎw~V~X»ñVÆ™äZzgX»ñVÆ:™ä»�¬ìZkÅZÝ

Ò³ØÚ³^γ^Ùeä…‰çÙ]Ö×ä‘×o Ë:Ëßg]~ŒÛWyˆ~ñ�ŠìXOçZâx áwò�ÛâD�:LL)gÎwZv~Vä�¬ÌŠc*ìz{ŒÛWy„Ðâpf )63( óó ]ֳ׳ä³×n³äæ‰×ÜÊãçÚÛ^ÊãÛäÚà]Öφ�á

ì(XèÃg{!*ÑŠÑbÐl!zZãƒ@*ì�ug$uìZzgŒÛWyÅ‚»ãCŠ~â~.ÌìÔñÑ**

131

Page 157: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

¦Z£Œö_òaèug$~Šgugnp¸ZzgÀmÐzZ.ÌÔZÏaZrVäŒÛWãWc*]Å‚~YOZqŠg$»E+™{HìÔÅ<å XEZ‚ZÅWy!*�g$ÆŸ~ZyÆ

!-:÷EXEÃ7HY@*ìX

1111XXXX¼¼¼¼ŠŠŠŠZZZZqqqqŠŠŠŠgggg$$$$

ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_ŒÛWyÅWe$Å‚ÆaZZqŠg$7�ÛâD�@*�ŒÛWyÆ�Ûây»pz|x!*ÇzZãƒYñZ,„Z|[6,FFP£x’k,KYD�:

Öø³äöÚö³Ãø³Ï(fø³^lºÚ(³àeønûû³àômø‚ømûûäôæøÚôàûìø×ûËôäômøvûËø¿öçÞøäöÚôàû]*Úû†ô]Ö×ùäô/ôá$]Ö×ùäøŸømöÇøn(†öÚø^eôÏøçûÝõ We$:ü 1X

Å‚ )73( û uøj$³omö³Çøn(†öæ]ûÚø^eô*ÞûËöŠôôÜûæø/ôƒø]]*…ø][ø]Ö×ùäöeôÏøçûÝõ‰öçð]÷Êø¡øÚø†ø[$ÖøäöæøÚø^ÖøöÜÚ(à[öæÞôäôÚôàæø]Ù

~˜�:LL®~Z1CÙk,{ñÐgzZe$ì�CÙ¿Å™«ÆngZ]ZzgŠyÆZµZµ�ÛºCÙ

ZKy6,}.ZŧsÐHg�ðÅúiÆz‰ÜŠyÆ�ÛºZzg)Æz‰ÜgZ]Æ�ÛºWy™aÅ$+ßZŠï�Xx�ЂZ0Z!q?~|]†Zv0„kñÐgzZe$ì�™«Æ�ÛºZyƒ

œñVZzgW:VÐWŠòÅ™«™D�XœñVZzgW:VÐZkÅë~È–ìZzgZ#¼k,~WÄWäzZàƒCìTЙ«™ä»Ãð¬Zv»7ƒ@*ÂZ+qª~�Ûº™«gh

X )83( Šï�óó

2222XXXXZZZZqqqqŠŠŠŠgggg$$$$ÆÆÆÆŠŠŠŠggggxxxxyyyyrrrrñÑ**¦Z£Œòö_‚ZÅWy!*�g$ÔÆŸ~ÔŒÛWyƬłÆaZZqŠg$

7�ÛâD�Z¤/ZyZqŠg$ÆŠgxy¬gnƒÂrÌ�ÛâD�:mø³^]*m%ø^]Ö$„ômûàø�Úøßöç]û/ôƒø]ÎöÛûjöÜû/ôÖøo]Ö’$¡éôÊ^ÆûŠô×öç]ûæöqöçaøÓöÜûæø]*mûû‚ômøÓöÜû/ôÖøo]ÖûÛø†ø]ÊôÐô We$:ü

ÆK~FZqŠg$7Å�XZy~ÐZq- )93( æø]ÚûŠø³vö³ç]ûeô³†ööæ‰ôÓöÜûæø]*…ûqö×øÓöÜû/ôÖøo]ÖûÓøÃûfønûàô—

|]Z1CÙk,{ñÐgzZe$ìZkÆ0˜�:LLOçZ1CÙk,{ñÅZÏug$~gÎwZv~Väñ&+ðVJ-;BŠð™t�Ûâc*�ª#ÖÆŠyzçYÆZ¡IY~Zv¬\ÅŠg]ÐZq-®aZƒYñÏZk

nTЃnz{ZKZk®Ã(,JñX‰fYäZ1CÙk,<ØÆZk÷6,Z‹ZnHì�Z1CÙk,{ñ»t÷/z0-ñÅZkug$Æ#³ì�µZââ£ÔKðÔZ1ŠZîŠz){~ìXT~gÎwZv~V

ä�Ûâc*�¿zçYŘåÐ(,JZk}ZLÑ6,ÕHXZk»�Z[ZzgfYätŠc*ì�/z0-ñÅ

132

Page 158: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

Zkug$~zçYÃ&ŠiŠðäÅu»f™ìZknZkug$Æpt���¿Zk&ŠiÅuÐ(,JZkäZLÑ6,ÕH�z{ZuZs~ñZYñÇX¾nZ1CÙk,{Åug$~Zzg/z0-ñÅug$~¼#¿7ìXZ1CÙk,{ñÅug$6,Zq-tZ‹ZnA$ì�Z1CÙk,{ñZLZk÷~@Ë�ËZzgô!Ðt÷0*c*7Y@*XtZ‹ZnÌ97ìYè'Z0Z!�z){Å9gzZìV~t÷

óóX )04( |]†Zv0/ñ»Ìñ�Šì

3333XXXXZZZZqqqqŠŠŠŠgggg$$$$6666,,,,’’’’zzzzüüüü»»»»¬¬¬¬ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_òÔ‚ZÅWy!*�g$Æe~ÔñçqдZgzZc*]Å’z

ü»¬ÌzZ㙊ï�Ô‰Zz‡]Ëug$ÅnÅ°pÌ™D�X/ôá$]Ö³×$³äøŸømøŠûjø³vûnô³oû]*ámø³–û³†ôhøÚø%ø¡÷Ú$³^eø³Ãöç•øè÷ÊøÛø^ÊøçûÎøø^Êø*Ú$^]Ö$„ômûàø�Úøßöç]û 1XZv¬\Æ�Ûây:ü

Êønø³Ãû³×ø³Ûö³çáø]*Þ$³äö]Öû³vø³Ð%Úô³à…$e(ô³Üûæø]*Ú$^]Ö$„ômûàøÒøËø†öæ]ûÊønøÏöçÖöçáøÚø^ƒø]]*…ø][ø]Ö×$äöeôøþ³„ø]Úø%ø¡÷mö–ôØ%eôäôÒø%ônû†]÷

Å‚~˜�: )14( æømøû‚ôpûeôäôÒø%ônû†]÷æøÚø^mö–ôØ%eôäô/ôŸ$]ÖûËø^‰ôÏônûà—

LLZkæãÎg]~ooZzgZyÆ‚¶·ŠÆf™ÆˆQZv¬\äŠzVBÒy�ÛâN

‰XZq-kZzgZ0+ƒ}~WvväÅŠzu~š/uZzgðÅXZzgZkÎg]Ьl~�ŒÛWy»z**iwƒZåZk~í)~Zzg)~ÆyÅVB‰XŒÛWyÑpÆ”GßvZk6,ƒ™D¸�

T¯x~Z+HqzV»f™ƒz{¯xZÞYèƒYìXZv¬\äZkWe$~Zy»�Z[Šc*ì�‘tƒä~HZzg™r# áyq,ƒ',Z',�XZv¬\ZK‘‡]~ÐTqÅeìVwÒy™}Zk6,ƒ**.ìX

F,è~~™0ÄñÐgzZe$ìT»ZÝtì�gÎwZv~Vä�Ûâc*�‚g~Š*ÅŠgZvÆ4,Šq-Z¤/Zq-�Æ6,Æ',Z',̃CÂË»�ÛÃZq-˜.$0*㻊*~:MXF,è~äZkug$ÃŒ9¾d$¹ìZk¾d$§&Ã̸]ƒYCìXö$Æ4,Šq-¾d$ug$z{ìTÃËr

X )24( ÐZq-»Š¿gzZe$™}óó

`XXXX‚‚‚‚ZZZZÅÅÅÅWWWWyyyy!!!!****°°°°ZZZZñññññÑ**¦Z£ŒòäZŒZZ§~ZKgZñÐÃð‚7ÅìZ%‰ñZµ6,jZ!Æ%

We$Å‚ÅìÔ��ZWc*]ZzgRgzZc*]»Ü7ìX†:

133

Page 159: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

eô³òûŠø³Ûø³^]Gûjø³†øæû]ûeôäô]*ÞËöŠøöÜû]*ámøÓûËö†öæ]ûeôÛø^œÞøøÙø]Ö×ùäöeøÇûnû÷]*ámößø(Ùö]Ö×ùäöÚôà Zv¬\»�Ûâyü 1(

X )34( û Êø–û×ôäôÂø×øoÚøàmøPø^ðöÚôàûÂôfø^[ôåôÊøfø«öæ]ûeôÇø–øgõÂø×øoÆø–øgõæøÖô×ûÓø^Êô†ômûàøÂø„ø]hºÚ%ônûà

ûÅ‚~–ì: Êøfø«öæ]ûeôÇø–øgõÂø×øoÆø–øg ZkWe$~ü

LLZv¬\»×6,×ZkaƒZ�Zq-ÂZy·ŠßÍVäZvÅÂ[ÂgZ]ÅWìVÃ$+weZÑX

Šzu}ZgÆÂ[ZÞZzg|]}Æуä»ZïgHXŠ}ÑWyZ²âyÃÑ',hZzgŒÛWyÃÂ[ZÞYy™¡ZkŠÐZyÆ”Gƒñ�øg~x~æ]Ðt]¬WC¶Ô)xµZ©

~tt]YV?

Zv¬\ä�Ûâc*�Zy!*ÂVÐZrVäZzgË»¼7—hZXpŠW\„fªÆ±Z[~¤/ëgƒñXfª»±Z[Zka�Ûâc*�·ŠäZk°Ôé]ZzgpŠI~Æ:LÐÑWyZ²âyÅt]»ZïgH�z{é]ÅgZ{ÐZLW\ÃZK¸xÃÑZ©Ð¬àŠgzB¸XZyÆZk°äZYi]7Š~�z{)xÆÑÅ�ÛâΊZg~™,Zzgt!*]DZÞ~ŒÛZg0*_ì�ª#ÖÆŠyCÙ™r#é]WŠòÃZk§b»±Z[ƒÇT~ZkÅfªƒX

OçµZâxZ£KðZzgF,è~~x�Ð�gzZt�Zy»qÝtì�ª#ÖÆŠy-

ßvw4VÆŸÆ',Z',WŠòÅßg]~Z�ÐZzgÓx‘‡]Ågz0+y~WNÐ@*�ƒ‘‡]

X )44( ~ZyÅfªƒóó

ŠŠŠŠXXXX‚‚‚‚ZZZZÅÅÅÅWWWWyyyy!!!!****¸ZZZZwwwwôôôô////zzzz@@@@****ÉÉÉÉ1111XXXXZZZZZZZZwwwwôôôô////ññññÆÆÆÆZZZZ~~~~....zzzzFFFF,,,,ßßßß»»»»££££gggg

ZkÐI�ëñÑ**¦Z£Œòö_ÆZk!-:

÷EXE‚ÃÒy™,Ô‚ô/ÅZÌ»¿E+™{

¢zg~¥xƒ@*ìX

‚‚‚‚ôôôô////ññññÅÅÅÅZZZZÌÌÌÌ

‚ô/ñÅZÌ»Z0+Zi{Zk!*]ÐÎc*YYì��ô!4,zwzkÆz‰Üñ�ŠƒZkÅ‚ug$%qÅw»ŠgzgBbìXZâxgg~ZzgZâx›»Ã̸ìXZâxqÁ˜�:

LLug$»¤DWÇ{gì��ô!4,zwzkÆz‰Üñ�ŠƒZkÅ‚T)Zâxgg~z›(

134

Page 160: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

X )54( Æ4,Šq-ug$%q»ŠgzgBbìóó'×h+',WVô/™ZxñÅZk)®)ä¬ZKi0+7VÃ9}.ZÆ_.eJÑZyÐŒÛWy5X

tßvZò[4,zwÆâCÙÔ**tz™cƬÝZzgAñZÞÆg'×Ùk¸XͲ[ƒäÆ**ðô/ñÃŒÛWy0*uÀòp³™ä~Š‰Ü77WC¶XpŒÛWyÅZq-{mZ˜ki!*yÌÂìT

ñ ~ßxÔi2>ÔeÔ˜ŠÔZÜtÔ',z¾òÔZMz°zZyÔczsz”GÔïbz:tÅZ˜q]Ì�Xô/™ZxX )64( äZyZ˜q]ZzggñiŃ!*S†—gZ™x~VÐqÝÅZzgWÐZ#ÖÃvH

ô/™ZxñŒÛWyÅz„‚Òy™DÔ�!*ßZôc*šzZôgÎwZ™x~VÐFgc*TWe$»:L4,zwZrVäpŠ5±Hƒ@*Ôc*�q~&Z¿ŠzZ^oZy6,¢ƒCX

Zºnô/™ZxÅ‚ÔÑ™*~VÅ‚ÐZ•ðic*Š{ŒÛd$ZzgZ•ð‡šOŠìÔYèZrVä',Z{gZ„Ñ™*~VÐŒÛWy5Zzgz{ÓxŒÛZízZjZwÌZyÆ‚t¸X~ŒÛWy

**iwƒg;åÔPô/‚ZÅWy~{m'g]Æqï¸X~#ñZg‹ÔZ0„kÔZ0&ŠZzg

X )74( Z!0ªgçZyZv:Z�z){ áï�mø³^]*m%ø³^]Ö³ß$³^Œö]Âûfö³‚öæ]û…øe$³Óö³Üö]Ö$³„ôpûìø³×øÏøÓöÜûæø]Ö$„ômûàøÚôàÎøfû×ôÓöÜûÖøÃø×$ÓöÜû Zv¬\»�Ûây:ü

]Ö$³„ôpûqøÃøØøÖøÓöÜö]Ÿ*…ûšøÊô†ø]G÷æø]ÖŠ$Ûø^ðeôßø^ðæø]*ÞøÙøÚôàø]ÖŠ$Ûø^ðôÚø^ð÷Êø*ìû†øtøeôäôÚôàø]Ö%$Ûø†ø]lô o iøj$Ïöçáø

Å‚~ô/ñÆ‚Bx»Ìf™Hì: )84( û …ô‡ûÎ÷Ö$ÓöÜûÊø¡øiørûÃø×öç]ûÖô×ùäô]*Þ‚ø][]÷æø]*ÞjöÜûiøÃû×øÛöçáø

LL|]†Zv0„kñZzg†Zv0&ŠñZzgxä�Ûâc*ì�ZkWe$~Zv¬\älÆ"$6,2Vo¦VZzgZIÂ[ƒÃ5™{Ø„Š]ZÞÅZzgT{Ø©ZÞÅF,(ÑWyZ²ây

ÐtZg áŠ�Ûâc*ì�tßvfgZg™, û æø]*ÞjöÜûiøÃû×øÛöçáø ŠÑDZkÆZnqÅ@*NZyƒÃ�ÛâðìüÂZyÃpŠ¥xƒYz}Ç�ZKyZzgZkÅgZs#»‚âyƒ¼Z#}.Z¬\»aZHƒZìÂ{ØZkÅ

X )94( ÈÏZKyÃÑixìóó

ZZZZ%%%%ssssôôôô////ññññZ¤/ËWe$Å‚~ô/»Z%sƒÂgZS!*]f™™D�:

ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_ò‚ZŒZZ§~ô/Zzg@*¹ÆZ%sÃÒy™äƈgZS]Ö³³„m³³à�ڳ߳ç]!!!æuŠ³à :ü ¸wZzgZkÅ@*GÆaug$7™D�:6�Zv¬\ä�Ûây

135

Page 161: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

)05(Å‚~˜�:LLî?Å‚~¬zV»Z%sìX|]†Zv0„kñë�� û Ú³³«h

gØZzgW\V~QuXyŠ{ñÆ4,Šq-tp��Wy]~ZyÃ4~ƒÏX1gZS¸wLLî?óóÅ‚tì�î?¼A~Zq-Šg|#ìÔx�еZâxZ£‚Z0Z!q?�z){~E0†ÐZq-

ug$ì�Zq-Z²Z!ä|]·~VÐW™7Y�H¼A~ñ}ƒVÐ?W\ä�Ûâc*:;V¼A

X )15( ~Zq-Šg|#ìT»**xî?ìZkÆZùgÆÍÚ(,}(,}�óó

2222XXXXZZZZZZZZwwww@@@@****ÉÉÉÉÐÐÐÐZZZZPPPPŠŠŠŠ

ñÑ**¦Z£Œòä‚ZÅWy~ZZw@*É»ZÈxHìZzgZyÐZPŠ»Z|[Z(gHìÔŒÛWãWc*]Å=ôz±~ñÑ**¦Z£Œò@*ÉÆZZw6,ZOŠ™D�X

LLZŒZZ§óóÆl)~˜�:LLaåŠgz‚»tì�@*ÉÆwÐŒÛWyÅ‚ÅYñYè‚Æ!*[~t�¼ë

�ô/ÐÍ™ë�XZ¤/pZq-gzZe$~ZâxZ£òäZzgZk§b‰ZzgfYä@*$š3ð EGVÆwÂIZä~Z%sHìX

p/gs@*$š3ð EGV»Zk!*]6,Z·tì�‚Æ!*[~¬@*¹�¼ë�z{ô/ÐÍ

™ë�YèT§bô/Ãt!*]¥xƒC¶�ŒÛWyÑpÅ‚~ZK§sÐ[îg6,¼IŠzic~ZC1**¯**ìÔZk§bt!*]@*$š3ð EGVÃÌ¥x¶Q@*$š3ð EGVÅÚÌtáyY,7ì�%

X )25( ô/ÐGgÆz{ËWc*]»ÈZK§sÐ[îg6,Òy™,ÐñÑ**¦Z£ŒòäZZw@*ÉÐZPŠÆŸ~�Z|[Z(gHìZkÅVBt�:

Å‚~˜�: )35( û Âøàô]Öß$fø¬ô]ÖûÃø¿ônûÜô o ÂøÜ$møjøŠø^ðÖöçáø Zg áŠ!*g~¬\:üLLZ¤/pW@»¸wtì�(,~Ð%ZŠŒÛWyÑpìpyŠ{ZzgZÒx»¸wtì�(,~Ð%ZŠ�

Zzgª#ÖìXWÐÅWìV~pŠZv¬\ä̪#Ö»„f™�Ûâc*ìXZka¸wŒÛWyÑpÆX )45( ÈÆñZ¬¥xƒ@*ìóó

kkkkXXXX½½½½~~~~))))bbbb6666,,,,ÃÃÃÃŒÛWy0*uaè²!i!*y~**iwƒZZknÔZk»9ûqÝ™äÆa²!¹»D

ãCŠ~wg‚rìXñÑ**¦Z£ŒòäZŒZZ§~ic*Š{‚ŒÛWyzug$ZZwô/z@*ÉÐÅ

136

Page 162: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

ìXW\äè~)bZzgZyÆZ%Ã]Ф/m,HìYèW\»‚~!-:

÷EXE‚!*ÓNgåX¹²[

Ð8iïEL¢zg]°pZzg9pz|xÅuZ.Š{HìXPVBt�:æ]Ö$„ômûàø o ]Ö$³„ômû³àømö³©ûÚôßöçáøeô^ÖûÇønûûgôæømöÏônûÛöçáø]Ö’$¡éøæøÚôÛ$^…ø‡øÎûßø^aöÜûmößËôÏöçáø Zv¬\»�Ûây:ü

Å‚~ZZyZzg(Æ )55( û mö³©ûÚô³ßöçáøeôÛø^].ÞôÙø/ôÖønûûÔøæøÚø^].ÞôÙøÚôàÎøfû×ôÔøæøeô^¤ìô†øéôaöÜûmöçÎôßöçá

çãZzg_ÒyK�:

LLZZy»ÂŒÛWyÑp~˜VZqwÆÂÆ‚BWc*ìz;VZkÆpŠà¢Æ�Zzg ZZZZZZZZyyyy::::˜V%ÂZqwÆWc*ìz;VZÒxÆ4,Šq-ZkÐZNŠZzgwi!*ãZzg¿%ZŠìX

X )65( ±Z[GÔ�Ô>ÞÜZoÔ¼AzŠzictƒ(ÆsV~� ((((::::

ìøjø³Üø]Ö³×ù³äöÂø³×ø³oÎö³×öçeô`ÜûæøÂø×øo‰øÛûÃôôÜûæøÂø×øo]*eû’ø^…ôaôÜûÆôPø^æøéºæøÖøöÜûÂø„ø]hº Zv¬\»�Ûâyü ¬¬¬¬::::Å‚~¬ÅZlxÒy )75( û æøÚôàø]Öß$^ŒôÚøàmøÏöçÙö�Úøß$^eô^Ö×ùäôæøeô^ÖûnøçûÝô]¤ìô†ôæøÚø^aöÜeôÛö©ûÚôßônûàø o ¿ônûܺ

Å�:LLfYä¬Åeg9ÒyÅ�óó:Zq-¬6�Ûúy»¬å�z{ZvÅfZ]»„Šwzi!*yŠzâVДGåX

ŠzuZ¬Zv¬\ÊwÐâ'i!*yÐZŒÛZg:™**‰Z+»¬XŠZŠwzi!*yŠzâVÐ}.ZÃâ'pZk»¬:â'‰Z1¤ZzgZIÂ[»¬X

X )85( aå¬o¦V»�i!*yЃ¼IZzgŠw~¼:ƒ**

Å‚ )95( æøÚô³àø]Öß$^ŒôÚøàmøÏöçÙö�Úøß$^eô^Ö×ùäôæøeô^ÖûnøçûÝô]¤ìô†ôæøÚø^aöÜeôÛö©ûÚôßônûàø— Zv¬\»�Ûâyü ÎÎÎÎtttt::::~ÎtÅZlxÒyÅ�:

ÎtŠz§b»ì:Zq-ÂZNŠ~‰ZsxÆizgÆz‰ÜZyßÍV~åXŠzuZiÔ9u(V~ZkŶK*VÑ^1ÜÔì-$Ôz°{Ü°ÔÇ1V…ÔÇ(ËWðX )06( �

X )16( o¬z{ì�i!*yÐZh!*]¾ZzgŠw~ZkÆ$+~ƒ oooo¬¬¬¬::::

137

Page 163: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

‚‚‚‚»»»»ZZZZŠŠŠŠ!!!!UUUU mmmmXXXX

ñÑ**¦Z£Œòö_ä‚~øD¢zg]ZŠ[»Ììwg3ìXZy~Ðg*Wc*]Zzg

²!õzg}úc*V�X

1111XXXXgggg****WWWWcccc****]]]]

g*Wc*]Æ!*g}~ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_ò‚Æl)~pŠg¶§Zi��»ñ.ZrV

äpŠl)~ÒyHì˜�LLZq-*yÅPWt�z;VÂZ‹ÔëWìV~šØg*aZ

].ZìZzgnÅWìV»].ZÔZ,ñµ6,qƒZ1QZ0k,ZzgqƒZ0 ƒYìZzg˜VZz6,ÅWìV»*y

MäZK‚zV~Zz6,nÆ[g*»f™ghŠc*ìXZkZgŠz‚ÅãCŠZy„{x‚zV6,g¿ˆìXZkaZk~ÌWìVÆ[g*ÆaZ™ä»§iZ(g7HŠHÉŒÛWyÑpÆZz6,n

Æ*yÅæŠÐ�g*ŠzWìV»Zyx‚zV~åXz„Òy™Šc*ŠHìX@*�[g*ÆÒy™äX )26( ЂÅãCŠ®:ƒYñ

möíø^[ôÂöçáø o æøÚô³àø]Ö³ß$³^ŒôÚø³àmøÏöçÙö�Úøß$^eô^Ö×ùäôæøeô^ÖûnøçûÝô]¤ìô†ôæøÚø^aöÜeôÛö©ûÚôßônûàø 1XZv¬\Æ�Ûây:üÊôoûÎö×öçeôôÜÚ$†øšºÊøø][øaöÜö]Ö×ùäöÚø†ø•÷æøÖøöÜ o ]Ö×ùäøæø]Ö$„ômûàø�Úøßöç]æøÚø^møíû‚øÂöçáø/ôŸ$]*ÞËöŠøöÜæøÚø^møPûÃö†öæáø

X )36( û Âø„ø]hº]*ÖônûܺeôÛø^Òø^Þöç]møÓû„ôeöçáø

‚~™r#‚äÎg{ÆW¸iÐŒVJ-ÆŒÛWãp}Ã%1oZ0+Zi~ÒyHì:˜�:LLÑzqÎg{ÐŒVJ-egWìV~{ØñëV»f™åXZzgQŠzWìV~{Ø»�ÛzV»

Z[Zy¾{WìV~o¦V»f™ìXo¬z{ì�i!*yÐZh!*]¾ZzgŠw~ZkÆ$+~ƒXo¦V»f™ŒÛWyÑp~gÎwZv~VÆæÜëg{~WäÆÑzqƒZìXó]ЬTŠgzŒÛWyÑp»l~ZF,ZìZk~o¦V»f™ZkzZW7ì�l~c*Wî›y¸c*»�Ûo¬ßvz;V7¸Yèl~ñg»„åTÆ:LÐgÎwZv~VÃlÐó]»¬ƒZóó)46(X

2222XXXX²²²²!!!!õõõõzzzzgggg{{{{ñÑ**¦Z£Œö_òäWc*]Å‚~ñµÅo9Lв!õzg{ÌÒyHìX†Îg{

138

Page 164: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

:²[»Zq-õzg{ì��ÛâΊZg~Æp~1Ñ — ìø³³„øeô³³ßø³^‘ônøjôãø³^ œü ðŠÅWe$56Å‚~˜�:Y@*ìX

}}}}òòòòt‚LL‚!*ÓNgóóÅúÒ{‚ì ////

Zk‚Æ_¬ÐŒÛWyˆÆû~¹æŠQìX ////

Zk‚Æ_·Ðûug$~æŠQìX ////

¹Ð£â]ÅzŸs#ƒYCìX ////

Fñç¬]Ð0ŒÛWyˆÆZ£â]ÅWc*]ÃZ‰™Šc*Y@*ìXZyÆ0 ////

¥â]q݃C�X‰Wc*]ƪCÙ~¬gnÊzgHŠHìXZkÐã£â]Å=ôƒYCìX ////

÷zÃ]Æ0ñÑ**™r#ä.e$pzg]Z0+ZiZ(g�Ûâc*ìX ////

‚!*°ZñÐZA[HŠHìX ////

Zk‚Æ_·Ð¹Ð¹Æ)bÅ¥â]Ìq݃Cì ////

¿îg6,t¹YYì�Zk‚»_·CÙÒpÐÆìX ////

139

Page 165: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

jjjjZZZZÙÙÙÙzzzzjjjjZZZZ!!!!YYYY]]]]633X / 1XfIÔeZË·@ÔZ‘zZ

Å.©lçE

zy)‡CÙ{ÔŠZgZ^Z�"0î GI(12XoqZÅ©Œé GyÔIt#°ExZÅWy)ZÅ)ÂîZ½)Ô„ZšgsÉÓ4lç

EIzZpi#(m:043X343X

wk,~ÔÝxZ£Ô6,zWÔ@*gõ‚z¬zy)ßW!*ŠÔoÜ**ÑZyz@*ZyÃ4002Y(m:925X 3X

714X / 4XfIÔZ‘zZÅ.©lç

EzyÔ)ZØCÙ{ÔŠZgZ^Z�"0î GI(1

5XZ0ŠÔZâxÔl)°ZßwZ‘)Šw(24X

6XoqZÅ©Œé GyÔIt#°ExZÅWy)Z°c*nÔ„ZšgsÉ4lçEIzZpi#(m:043X

2:38X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 7X

61:63X g>ZìÔ Î 8X

001X / 9XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§)уgÔZÅ)»40î GEZ:(131:72Ô82X g>Z°°Ô Î 01X

32X / 11XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô38:2X g>ZÑÎwÔ Î 21X

943X / 31XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔZŒZZ§Ô241XÎg>ZÈZYÔ62:01X31X

02:52X82X g>ÈÔ Î 51X

61XÎg>ZÈZYÔ02:63X

761X861X / 71XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔZŒZZ§Ô461:52X g>ZìÔ Î 81X

6:461X g>ZÑÅxÔ Î 91X

35:83X g>ZâÔ Î 02X

123X / 12XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô304:35X45X g>¸�ÛÔ Î 22X

5:44X g>ZÓZ+>Ô Î 32X

011X / 42XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô62:312X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 52X

01:91X g>-÷Ô Î 62X

72XÎg>ZÂ>Ô2:312X

140

Page 166: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

661X / 82XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô192XŒÛWyˆ)82(:84X

49X / 03XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô513XZ0ŠÔl)°ZßwZ‘Ô24X

23XÎg>ZìÔ61:44X

33XÎg>ZìÔ61:46X

43XZ1ŠZîŠÔZ‹)Z°c*nÔŠZgZ?x9991Y(m:156Ôug$4064X823X / 53XxW!*Š~ÔÒZ/ÔúyZ>Š)MyÔíZv(4

63X áwÔ·0ZŠgöÔZ°‚!)Ô!{‹§öEWZ]!Z

ÄCÍ-öEzZzÑŠ{(m:29X

31:11X g>Z°°Ô Î 73X

812X912X / 83XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô393XÎg>ZÓZ+>Ô5:6X

23X33X / 04XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô22:62X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 14X

77X / 24XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô12:09X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 34X

401X501X / 44XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô154XqÁÔZ1†Zv·0†ZvÔc†ExZ�g$Ô)Ûz]ÔŠZgZ§YZ‰x7991Y(m:16X

64XZ0ZÅ}ÕäbÔZY))MyÔÃgz¹Ã{:(m:641X

74X±ïÔ°Z−+ÔD+gd$Z°Zz~Ô)Z=ÜZÅ.3ðEg>ÔZÅ)»40î GEZÅ›Ð.0îGÔ9591Y(m:404X504X

2:12X22X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 84X

57X / 94XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô192:2X31X g>Z¶]Ô Î 05X

232X / 15XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô323X / 25XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô1

87:1X2X g>ZÉ45ò EEÔ Î 35X

152X / 45XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô72:3X4X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 55X

17X / 65XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô1141

Page 167: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

2:7Ô8X g>ZÂ>Ô Î 75X

17X / 85XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô12:8X g>ZÂ>Ô XÎ 95

47X / 06XŠŠ~ÔZ£ŒÔZŒZZ§Ô127X / 16XZsÔ1

l)X / 26XZsÔ136XÎg>ZÂ>Ô2:8X01X

27X37X / 46XŠŠ~Ô¦Z£ŒÔö_ÔZŒZZ§Ô1801X / 56XZsÔ3

142

Page 168: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

143

������ �� � � ������ ���� ������ ������ ����� ����� �� � ����!�� "#��$%� �� &'�(

Objectives of Prophetic Dialogue and the Limit of Its Usage

in the act of Da’wah (Examples from the Selected Ahadith of Sahihain[Sahih Bukhari &

Sahih Muslim])

���� ��� � ���� �� * Abstract

To reconcile the disputes and to understand or make other

understand, dialogue has been one of the most important and

convincing means throughout the human history. In connection with

Da’wah Many verses of the Holy Qura’n and several Prophetic

Traditions accentuate on the way of dialogue. Its significance and

necessity have been increased in this recent time of Globalization.

The study aims at illuminate the issue and covers some

important issue as follows:

Meaning of Dialogue, its Significance, different terms

relating to it like Argumentation(����),Debate )������( and how do they

defer from each other as well as objectives of Prophetic Dialogue

and how can we use it to call people to Islam in the light of

Prophetic Tradition selected from the two most authentic Ahadith

book (Sahih al Bukhari and Sahih Al Muslim).

��)��� �� ����� ���� ���� ! "#�$��� %�� !&� '() ��� *+,-�� �+.-�� "#��/-� 01 2 ��3�

�/ �4) "#/5) 6 7�� 6-8: __________________________

* ���,�� :�;$&�</4��� "�=��-� <�>?�@A ��;,@� "?�8 *+$� "<���/-� <�4+$B�.

Page 169: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

144

1�=�3� �DE �1��F�1��F ��4G<��H -� <���� ��4 <���I ���,!B� J K�:� LM�NE�H O� P��;Q1�=3� G 6E���) ��R7;- � �=.7�- ���6S� �T;4.

<�4+�����$B� �=��������- �� 1�=�����3� 0=������$) ������U�4� "<������=�;4 V�-������$) � <�����W�;X MY������$�<��N��� . 1�=�3� 0=��$) �H;!�� � <��=/-� �.� � �./-� �Z�� [ 0=��$&� �Z�� <�\) J?�?]� � �

����:&� ���� _`A�;-� [ <�a-� -� ��U;�\& J��F��W��� Jb?��c�� J�����-�� Jbd��,;-�� <��N���� ; �3� J� `�� "0=�R-��1�NE&�� %�1&� �? .

[ ���-� ��� �Z� J����,;-�� J�=�.-� 6��� 6S=�?� <W�H-� <�= �-� ���3� ��/e) f_-� �E�g< 6�?8 h�1)� "6S�i1? jE1) [ 1�=3�. �A k(b� l�-� m�$� 6��� 2� ���

n��-� _I �1=�/�� ��� " =�;4 �?�/,-�� ��g=;-� O� n��-� 6S=�? V�-�$)� �U\) �4 <W�;X� <��,g) o� p-� ����� J�`?�q�� �d�,;-� �1�=3�. 6 J4 �R-� 1��?) r��=g)� "r�_s@<�=�;4

"t;c� �=$-� ��@� ",�� ,�� "0g� umv� w$ v�w4xi��-� �Y�R-�� �-�=-�� "V� 3� yP�z-�� "{�3� ���.-�� "���R-� m�/��� "m��3�.

6!� ��@ 01�q�� "E�N-�� �4|��� "i�W-�� }-�� "_ N-�� _a.-� M4�/� ��@ ��NE G��/ -�� V�R-�� "�)��� Mi-�� "~�,��� *��;,� �) K��i mU�� �4 k�S j�5 [

��=g&�<��N��� 1�=3� 0=�$)" �� l�-� �U�E n1�4 p-� jY� =-� � .I b�� };/S <�= �-� <�,-� 2� ���1�=3� 6�7��� m�$� 6��� o4+$b� . m�/4 �� <��$) �� �1� � <�= �-� ��?�g&��

�=�i)� n��-� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� �U�E V �I <=i) J����,;-�� J�=�.-� 6��� M�$ �) 0�iAE �� ��@ "�U�EJ���@ "�=R-�� "M^ "M�^ "�=R� "��^" ??�4� <�= �-� ��?�g&� [

-� ����� <��@ �) @Z " ���3� " O� og=S 6,W� o�;R� 1�=g ?=i= ��1��q� #ET-� w �X y �X� VV.

������ *�+� K<a- �1�=3� : <��N- ��/4 ��� <a�-� M�) @: =3��1" n=4�R-� [ �?�8]�_W-� f�

��.R! "1=3� �A ��q�)�( ��H-� ���3� [ %�i"1=N-� �/ 1=3�")�( �) " �/ �R�-��?��z-�)�( �4 �� ��^ " h=i-� =�� u1=� ... " :*+N-� �=/i��� �y) ���1y��7y;y�� m��. ��y1y��7

����

Page 170: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

145

�y1y��H��� �4 w�y1=�Hy

��@ 1�.4 w�1y��7��� �4 ��y1=�7y

��� �1��g � � < ���� [ *+N-�� �T��� </i�4 w�y1y= v7y

��@" ...)�( {�UW�&� V��1 �� �:" �1�y=w3�� ��1��q� : �1��7;-� 6�4� " *+N-� [ ���?���")�(. [ �4��;$� �^ ���R;H4 �) b� �N-� �8R-� [ J?1� �4 oUE 1�=3� <��@ �4)

O�/S ��^ ��s�� M� $ ��� J���� �/:� Lzy�y)y� Kb�y4 yk�w4 �y�s v@y) �y!y) ���1w��y�Q y=��y� w6w wg�y.w- y��yRy�E y�! K�yW" K��yy) w�wZy� y��w yS �y) L���y) �y4 y��y w6 w,vWy���- rw~�y� y=��y� �6y;�� yi yMyIy?y� " �w�y-y� K<y�wY�y y<y���,-� L���y) �y4y�

K� y�yR��4 �yU v���4 K� v_yI ��y� wiy y& ��y1 yOw� LJ?w?L1" w yJvyWy@y) ���1w��y�Q y=��y� �6� wg�y� �6y- y��y �w4 ykyRy�yI �wZ�-� K+�iy1 y���=y$ ��� u<yWvTL! �w4 ��� u0�y��S  )¡( "�_,WS [ l R-� ��^ " : *+N-� [ 6/i�� �)

6��¢� .c� �1��q��0��£;-� 1��7;-�� " <�� .��R�� :"��=i ¤� 1�g) ��E 6;��@")¥( " � ��^O�/S :� y�v=y�^ �6��-� yjwy¦ v�y y6��-� ��w� � y��@y1���yy§ �jy�v,y� �6��-�y� w6��-� yOw� owNy; vHySy� �yU wiv�y] w[ yk�-w?�y� wp�-�

r_ w.y rj�wy¦ )©( y��1w��yy§ ª � " k�Y�,S �) yk�-w?�y� � *+N-� k/i�S �))«(. ������, -$./0�

*=UW�� <E�F� �¬�� 1�=7�- <�g+T�b� � <�=a�-� {�/�� # ��=i ­E ���� ®�- =�� *+�B�� �=��-� �=�E �4 �W@ 1�=3� <��@ ����4 j4 ª1�R�- mU�W;-� _,�;- *+N-� </i�4

J�Ui� V�R;- �) " I�� �) �\�g) h��^B #��}-�� ¯£3� ��RS j4 " #W�;X #E # ��-� <4=.°�� ����� ��� ��� �4 #ET-� # �=N�b� .

�� ������: ��g� ±H " 0�=��� ��|,-� �� �� s@) �) ��E ���3� ����;� �) j�R� b � � <£�;! O� �+.� � � " #/4 4) �=g ²�R�-� �b?� ;�E " '�³� �) h=F=��

K�W =4 6,W�- ��=N�� �}/-� ZIA� j4�,-� �N-� I�� �\�g))�´( [ �4��;$� fI) V�-�$)� J�?W4� J���@ ���� �� ���3�� �N-� �8R-�

������� ���� Ms4 �4 �g O� 1�=3� {�/µ <1�R�� "��H-� �= �-�. 23� 4�5�� � ? P 0� [ oR�E&� 1=��4 �� �=R�: 6�-w� viy) yMv y3� ��v- y�yi� Mv;yW-� ��� w( � v�y��

v;y�E J?�( �:w� Kb v�yi K��yNv�� K+v;y�E 6y;v�y�;y�E� 6� M�^ 6�4����$ �� M�w�y�� <^��-� *�4z-)��( ��i-� Kb v�yi 6-w�vy¢� 6-��vy¢ y%oH" :<-?�c�� "<£3� <£3� <��R4 ���� :<������� ������")��(.

��i 0� [ �?�8]�_W-� ��^: K<@�� " ��y�y��� :�U��� ��y1 v��R-�� "w<y4=.°� [ �?y���-�)��(.

Page 171: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

146

4�5���, -$./0� [ ?1�������- ��1�/;-� J��U4 ��� �� =;-�: J�1=UH�� �4 �-|�� n��R-� ����

���}-� J�4�R4 ��1?� �� ��^ =� �4 *�UE�� m.°� *�z-� 6�4 ¶a-�� J���,�� �))��(. '�F) �R- {�i��6!A ��,-� ��/;-� ��� " : 6-=^ ?�,E� �� 6�.I %�� jE?

+@ x�7.S 6 �.R� �) <U ( �) <£· <R�R3� [ <4=.°� =�� 64" )��( . =) '� ��@ �4=WN-� %�R -� �A ?�,E �� 6�.I %�� jE? �� �1� � =� ����

��g� 6 m;� �^ ��-�� �_� <�]��µ b� �=N� b =�� <U ( �) <£· 6-=^)�¡(. ��H�- *��;,� ��3� V��) [ ���� �A @Z-� <W-�,-� J�W�/;-� �4 x�;�

����� ��I�� ��� 1�.;!b� ���� '�U;,� ��· �-���� 'T-� ��� �)-� 1�U�B <�� �8R-� �A ¯�;,� <�!8R-� J���� [ �7 -� �/� ª?�� =i [ ��=g&� m�/4 [ m;� b�

*=4Z�� ����� ?=�q� ���� #��� ;4 #=�$) [ ���� <��@ *��;$� �N-�. �������� 4�5��

m;� K���/ �,3� 0=�$&� 1�.;!b� V� � < �-� ��� ª?�� =i [� "��H-� ��J= N�/-� �1=$ [ %�i ��@: �=��y�y� y��wZ�-� �bw� ��y,vgy) yo

w� wp�-�w �bw� w0�y;wNv-� yM v�y) �=�-w?�y� yby�� w� y�wz!�)y� �y�v��y-w� y�wz!�) �wZ�-�w ���y48 �=�-=� y� vm�Uv�� w4 y�=��w� v,�4 �6y- ��vy y� r� wg�y� vm�N�y³w�y� �y��y³w�y� vm�Nv�y-

)�¥(. �6��7�� 4�5��

1���V�T-� ��H-� 0=�$A 6�E ���3� < -�a��­�.-� � �3� mU� b� " '?�4 =��V./;-�� <4=.°� �i�H��� "E�� �1=$ [ %�i "��s�� M� $ ��� ��-� wJ�y�8 w[ ��w?�y�¢ �y4� w6

w? y+w v-� w[ vm�U�� L�yRy�S y�v1�vay�� y+yE ���yWy@ y��wZ�-� �bw�" v��y\y� vmw�w�v/y� �w4 �0�yz vgy v&�y� u¹=�! �*v=y�^ vm�Uy� v� y�^ v�y�Zy@ vm�U��S vZyIyAyE ��yv3� w6w �=�� wg v���w- wMw �y v-�w �=�-y?� yiy� ����Z�IvAy�w- vmww³=�$yw u<�4�) LM�@   w0�yRw� y��y@ y�v�yNyE)�©(

� � �y4y� � yv3� w[ y��y� wi yby� y­=�,�E yby� y�yEy1 y+yE � yv3� ��wU�wE y¶yy�E �y�yE rJ�y4=��v/�4 r�Uv(y) L yv3� fy=vR��;-� w?��z-� yv��yI ��wDyE v���?��yzy�Sy� �6��-� �6 v�y�v/y�� uv_yI v�w4 v�=��y/vWy�S  w0�y v-y&� w¤v��) �y� w�=�R��S�y�

)�«( �e �R- ����� �� O�/S 2� uJ��g�H4� u<4=.I �4 6�-� o�W� ��.

�89���� 23:�� �

Page 172: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

147

=�� ���� ��! �4)��y! ( % vo�H-�y� <i�q� w[ ��1�� 6sg�� �6y- �_�! 1�y� �! y+E

�1�y? ��yR���y� �6y- �_�! 6�/i % vo�H-�6w1�yR��� �- v&� ���� mU/5� �yU��yRS �1�y? ���S )�! ( % vo�H-� w6w ���! % vo�H-�)�´(.

_��-�� M4A;-�� ��-� �=g 1��S <a�-� [ ������ � M�s��� 6� H-� :1=��4 �� ��^ :"E� %o( M@ [ Ms�� M� � �Mvsw�� �_w���-�� �yy���

��� �4 �yy��!� ���w����S� �:w� 6!y& k��v�s w4 �y) ��_w�y! �+

Kº/µ _w���-�� v���-� ��� � =y) �Ng� 6��v�s w4 %oH-� �_w�y!� ��=�� K%�=$ �\81 �w����-� ��U�-w� y�y!��w���-�� ����-� Ms4")��(. " 6!��SvAS ��@ K�/4 6�E � �»vy�y! �:w� 4y) [ ��Iy) yw����S �y) ��yy���

���� �y�v�y

��� �%�$ �y) k £�yAE 6�-w� J�! �4 ��yy�v�y

���")��(. ;./0<� � �89����

m.°� j4 6��-? oW! �) 6�W! � 0=�T�� J� `� 0�?8 <�W�@ 6 '/� m�� o�.. .�7 -� m�/-� �Z� h=F=4� "­T-� 0�?��� .��TS� ������ m�/-� �Z� M�) ¹+T�� [ ���)

�� �4 ��-� ���0�=.�- �1�U�� #��H-� # < ,�-� [ # !� . < ,�-� [ #�.°� 6�i=S M� � �:� I�� V�T4 _� �\�g) V�T4 ��Z-� #����;�� 6�i=S �) 0�=.�- �1�U�� #��H-� # ��UF� ��@� #�^�(B� %��N7�- ��@ ��@ ®W�-� [ 6�i=;-� k-: ��@ ��� "< ,�-� [ �Ui=S

3� 1�U�� k-: �4 �s·� ����4 ¹+T�b� V,· 6�i=;-� k-: ���,� 0�=.-�� " ��")��(.

{�i�� �=R��": ��-� o� �g+T��� �_. -� ��-� �4 �) _��-� �4 <a- ������0�=.�- �1�U�� #��H-� # < ,�-� [ # !��� �4 �_. -�")��(.

����3� ����� ����7 -�� 1=���4&� [ ����NW;-�� �����-� �����WS ���������E j����4 �1�����q� ����� ����� � ���! <�Ui� �-��¼ 6��E ��! <�Ui� ���U�4 M�N- h=�F=4 �=�g #E� #� �1���� o��� " ���I��

I�� ,6�.I �! <Ui� ��T�� ��! <Ui� J� `� ���Q =UE. �89����� ������ � 4�5�� ��=

��R;/� �4 y<7� � s� �) ��� �g�� LM@ #W�;X # jR� ����. �4) 1�=3�E 0&�� " 6R���� ���.-�� 6;i�]� P�z-� # 1�=3�@ #RE�=;4 # jR� �R

# ���) 1�=3� jR� ��@ " *=Nq�� m@�3� #�" pW;,��� pW�� #� " �U;�� *&�� 6��� m,�;� 6�N-� "?�R;�b� �) �)-� [ #W�;���ª?�� 0=�$A .

Page 173: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

148

� �¾Q ���� 6�E� u�?�� LM@ "6;£g J� `�� 6�.I ¯£g �R! �� ��@ "2� O� �=��-�� ¹+�B�� <��-� �) m��/;-� 6�4 ¶a-� �=N� �^ 6!DE 1�=3� �4) �) �-¿;-� �) '1�/;-� �) ��-� J�Ui� V�RS �) "¯£3� <4�^�� 6 LH-� �R! O� ���) '�U�

��� ;$b�� ¹���;$b�. � u<��^ �=g w#E # �=NS ������ �U��� j�;¢ ��=F� u®$) �E�� �?���

V�Z�� [ �) �)-� [ �) ?�R;�b� [ w#yW�;X # b� �=NS b� �����;��. �/ [� *=4Z�� 6=�$) [ �N-� �8R-� [ ?1� ��@ M�&� *=4Z4 =UE ���� �4)

�) ±H "Z���g 1�=3� <�sµ �=N�� ?=�� 0=�$A *��;,� ���g&� o� p-� ���� �=N� *=4Z�� ����=�,g) ���� �4) " f�� b� m�� _a ����� " M � -� ����� m�R/-� ���� =�

�1�U��� �3� O� �=�=�- '�U� �Z-� =UE ?=�q�. � 1�=3�MÀ) ��@ " u1�=g �h=! 6!& w6��R wHw ���� M�H� :� G ������ �4� ���� �4

y������ �M�H� 6 �4 K<R� ��1� ;��)��(.

>#8?�� "#���� � ������ 2��� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� # ��i) p-� J�1�=3� <���4 <�= �-� �_,-� V;@ �DE �ZN� j4 �1�=g� ME=! � < 1� j4 �1�=7@ #@H��� f1�.�-�� ?=U�-� Ms4 "��=��4 #� m�$�

<��� �� O� m�=�?� ��� f1�.!)�¡( m�$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� ��1�] � ��� �4 ���E� ��Z-��=�48� �1=��� <����� [ ��£,4 [)�¥(.

6��� 2� ��� l�-� # �» p-� J� 1�=3� <���4 Á�1�;-�� �_,-�� ��?�g&� V;@ �� � 1�WN-�� %���&�� 0�7�&� �4 ­=���� #� m�$� � 0��&�� M�}i-� J�U4) J�i�z

*�°�� #�4|�� ��=���� ?=E=-�� 1�a.-� k-: O� �4� .E "1�=g <a- �= �-� ���3� [ <a�-� �D&� ��� M�HS ��?�g&� �4 �_ @ <�=�� �� ��@ � <=i&� 2� ��� l�-� �U�E V �I <��$

�U�E �=�i)� n��-� m�$� 6���mÂ�i) � m³A$� ". � <�$ 1�=3� �A k(b �DE m�$� 6��� 2� ��� Ã�°� l�-� 0=�$)� %�� !&�� M$-

�A �UT�� <�,-� [ �� �Z- ¯£3� �=��R�- mU4�=^) <a� mU�$1) � ��� -� 6�$1 �T�) O�/S 2� WN-� �Y�= j�5 j4 1�=3� *�^ J����,;-� Ã)� J�=�.-� M�E) 6��� m�g-� �N-� �=$-�

Page 174: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

149

U��E �+�-�� �H-�� 6;£g ?1 �� z£� �4 mU�4� 6@1�S� ~�$ �4 mU�4� 0�£;$� �4 m *�R�� 1�=3� *�R� �]1� 4� 0g M@ M RE ��/ �?�R-�� %���/-� 6£e ��� ¯e � "61�7E 6-= �

�T�4 z�A� 0=�$) �,gA �NE m��). ������ @����� A�� ������

� J�=�.-� M�E) 6��� 6-=$1� 6� ! 4) O�/S 2� �� Ä�� k4=^ 1Z!) �) J����,;-� Ã) j5) 6;4) 6� ! ��,- ��� O�/S� �1� S ��^ � k�-� �z!) �4 :� w6��-� yOw� =��v?y) ow��w y$ w�wZy� vM� y#w@wvH��v-� y�w4 �y!y) �y4y� w6��-� y��y7v �$y� wÅy/y� ��S� w�y4y� �y!y) u�y_ w.y �y�y� )�©(

<4&� <�-�|,4 J?�?]� � � Æg�W;-�� Æ7W-� � MY�:-� 1�H;!� �4] �Z� ��!�4] [�,3� ��°� �� �/ -�� 0��1B� � ���aT-�� . 6;W��� V,g j���� <�-�|,4 �=��-� �DE K�:�

V� T-� � ���1�^ V,g �b�|,4 �)�� � Mi-�E 6;���)� 6S= � :�;$&�� {b��.-� � < � T-�� �^ V,g M@ M4�/-�� i�;-�� Ç1|��� �=��-� �� ��|,4 6S1�2� O . O� �=��-� ��.�� ��

1�=3� �� ]}� MY�$=-� �4 ��_�� <�S= N�/-� <N H-� � J�=�^ �4 ����� MY�$� }� n��-�� 6S1� � xF�� MNH+ (� 4 ��T �NW-� ��.�� �� � o���-� # �=§ j!�=4� zi�=g

=����.

O� �=���- �?�/;4 V�-�$) ���� =�E xi��-� 1�=3� 0=�$) V�-�$&� m�) ��E 2� � �=��-� �7£�- M�/-� 6-�� [ �=��-� <���� n1�> � 1��q� h��^� � 1�=3� �E m�,4 �RS)

6��E� O�/S 2� �=/ ��?�E) ?�� ?�?]� . 0=�$&� �Z� ��� '/;-� O� <i�3� �(A <4&� ���=��-� .<�,-� � �N-� �8R-� ��� �=$1 �� � 0=�$&� �Z� O� �!�(S �UT�� �_,-�� <�= �-�

m�$� 6��� 2� ��� 6S_$� xi��-� 0=�$&� �Z� <4&� m��/; *�^ m�$� 6��� 2� ��� 2� J�1�=g �4 P:���-� �/ j�È *=R�E <��°�� <4�/-� 6i�g [ �U^?) � ±=T°� }@A JT$

�$� 6��� 2� ��� Ã�°� l�-� �4 "<�=��-� n�1�-�� '���&� @: j4 <W�;X '���) j4 m #7�7.-� #/4��� [ �U��� �W;�� ��?�g&�) m�,4� �1�� �-.(

������ ������ ����� b�) : �e�|(� ����Yzi j�5 j4 2� O� �=��-�

��!�`: ��1�U��� �3� ­�Rg�

Page 175: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

150

K�s-�`: <£3� <4�^� K�/�1: -�'1�/; ��1��q� #

K�,4�I: 1��q� j4 �T�-�� < q� K�$?�$: <��-� m��/;-�� ��Rs;-�� K�/�$: jE? J�U H-� <��:�) ��BCD E�D E� F� *�, ������ �)(�GH�

�U\) �4 � <�4�$ '���) ��� *=R� �= �-� 1�=3� �� : �-�°� ���-� O� �=��-�;-�� O�/S ��^ ��@ �e�|( � �U !�=i j�È ���� Mi �-�°� <�?= �� �,3� ��°�� ��g= :

 w����� v/y��w- �bw� y®v! wvB�y� ��wv�� ��vRy� yI �y4y�� )�«(. O�/S ��^ ��@ �e�|( j��È �=NS �) �b �=��-�� :� w[ �=���Iv?� �=��y48 y��wZ�-� �yUL��y) �y�

wmv��,-� r#w �4 É���y� vm�Ny- �6�!w� w��yTv��H-� wJ�y=�T�I �=�/w �;y�S yby� K<�E�y@)�´( O�/S �� � : wÊ y+y� ��w� vM�� y#w�y-�y/v-� �0y1 w6��w- wÊ�yyËy� y��y�vy�y� owN�,�!y�

)��( . �& fI&� '���&� �U�4 hW;S �Z-� n�$&�� ��&� '�³� =� '�³� �Z� �DE

M@� f=³� h� S�� J�=UH-�� ���aT-�� J�E�°�� <�� -�� m��-�� MU�� ������ WN-�� �H-� J=�� �/ �/ -�� ��g=;-� ���R� ?�,E O� ��?4 k-:.

;-� Ã&�� J�=�.-� M�E) 6��� �N-� �=$-� �� 6/$� [ ��@ �4 M@ �Z J����, m��-�� J�E�°�� WN-�� �H-� h�=!) ��T�� J�U H-� oW� *� � <7�7.-� ���R/-�� �3� H�- ����� <H^����� <��N��� 1�=3� 0=�$) V�-�$&� k�S �4 Ì( V�-�$A k-: O� �4� ���aT-��

�,g) o� p-� � 6��� 2� ��� l�-� J�1�=g '�� ��@ �?=Ui �!�@� 2� ��? O� �=��-� m�$

oN�� �U/-� [ �-z!) p-� 1=$ j�5 ��� <�N�� 6S��g [ ��g=;-� ���R� Á�$S O� �zNS4 J�=�.-� 6��� �N-� �=$-� ��@ k-: j4� "�I��� <-�$-�� ��g=;-� h=F=4 ��� M�HS

( j�5� ?� /-� ­=Rg� �,3� ��°� n��-� m�/� J����,;-�� ��@� <����;ib� <�?W-� ���3� ��| �� M�$ ��� "6�-� <i�3� ��? �:� �/ ���E M�.W;-� ÊA� � <���� *+$B� O� =���

Page 176: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

151

�/ 6��� V�¢ � 6,W� �d�,;-� ¹T� ��@ �!��g)� �d�,;-� 1�R 0�i) MY�,4� �Y�Rg£�E m��) 6-=$1� 2� ��7.-� �=R� � ��|,-� ¹T�� �1�,W;$��d�,;-� �Z� ��� V� .

#� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �N-� l�-� # ���^) p-� J�1�=3� m�/4 J�z�4 �� �4 ��� �i=� 1�=g M@ [� {�/�� </�$� J���N-� <���^ �zi=4 �eA ��°� �) <�7.-�

<�4�,-� {�/�� O� <�?|4 <�U$ J���@ *��;,� ��@ � �=��-� '���).3� ��? �:� �4) <i� K���) ��^�-� M�.W;-� ��^ </�H-� 1=4) �4 *�Ng&� ¹( �) �4 h=F=4 Á�F=S O�.

mUR�I� mU��? <�7.-� m�/� ��NE m�N-� j4�=È m�$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� �.S�#7�7.-� [ ?1� ��@ *+N-� M��R� ]�¢� �.^A : v�y� w�y) y0=L�y) ��w1�y.v!y&� yo

wFy1 �6��-� v�y� �6 ��y) K+�iy1 y��y :�y� y�=�$y1 "w6��-� w{v w}vIy) uMy�y/w wÅ�� wI v��� "y<��y�� y��yRy�E �*v=yR-� :�y4 �6y- �y4 Í�6y- y��yRy�E ��=�$y1 w6��-� ���y� �2� w6v�y�y� ym��y$y� :] r0y1y) �y4 �6y-[ y��yRy�E L wl��-� ���y� �2� w6v�y�y� ym��y$y� :" ��� v/y�S y6��-� yb ��w vH�S w6w "�K�v�y( �m�wR�Sy� "y�y+�.-� wÊv|��Sy� "y��y@�z-� �M w.ySy� "ym wg�-� � y�v1y:[ y��y : �6�!yAy@ y��y@ �y�y� w6w;y� wg�y1")��(.

6,W! [ ??�� ��� �A$� �� �.^A <��� �=I? ��� �.�g ��@ Mi-� �A@ �� � <���� #4��4 ��� � �A$ �4 �A,E K+��^ � �� W$ ��� ��@ 6!ANE 6;��1?� 6�UE Å/� �Ë

'.!� � h��^B� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �N-� l��- �1�=g �U;!�. 2� ��� l�-� ��@� �=��-�� h=F=�� <�\) Mi) �4 M�.W;-� O� <i�3� ��? �:� �4)

q� j�R� Ìg mUW� � 1N�� *+N-� M�T� m�$� 6��� �4 ���E �= �-� ���3� [ %�i ��@ 1��m�,4� �1�� -� ���1: w�y) �� "y�yv��y�� ��y) � wl��-� ���y� �6��-� w6v�y�y� ym��y$y� yMyIy? G y� w£v,y�v-� yMyIy�yE rM�iy1

"���y.yE ��� y%�yi ym��y,yE �y�y� � wly�-� ���y� �6��-� w6v�y�y� "ym��y$y� �?yy�E L wl��-� ���y� �6��-� w6v�y�y� ym��y$y� w6v�y�y� Gy*y+�,-� y��yRy�E:" vj wiv1� �My.yE yk�!wDyE vy~ �My.�S "���y.yE ��� y%�yi ym��y,yE �y�y� � wl��-� ���y� �6��-� w6v�y�y� Gym��y$y� y��yRy�E:" vj wiv1� �My.yE yk�!wDyE vy~ �My.�S �Ky+y" y��yRy�E :"�wZ�-�y� ykysy/y� ��yv3�w �y4 �� w, vg�) "��yv��y� wÅv���y/y�E y��y :"�y:w� y�v�� yOw� w�y+�.-� v�� yNE ��� v)yv�^� �y4 y�,y�y�S yky/y4 y�w4 " w�8v�Rv-� ��� vjy@v1� �Ìyg ��w� y�vTyS "�K/w@�y1 ��� vjyEv1� �Ìyg y�w�y;v/y�S "� K�wY�y ��� v��£v$� �Ìyg ��w� y�vTyS "� K� wi�y$ ��� vjyEv1� �Ìyg ��w� y�vTyS "�K,w-�yi ��� v��£v$� �Ìyg ��� y�vTyS "� K� wi�y$ ��� vMy/v�E� ykw-y: w[ ykwSy+y� �yU���@")��(.

n�1�4 O� V�: �4 6!DE 2� O� �=��-� ��� [ 6�g ��� ��� �Ë)��( j4 ?=U�-��7�7.-� [ ?1� mU4+$� ��� ��@� J�4 Ð+` *+$B� mU��� *� � 6�7�): w�y) v�y�

Page 177: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

152

y��y �6�!y) "y�yv��y�� :" �2� ���y� w2� ��=�$y1 �y� v��y-w� yPyyI v:w� w� w£v,y�v-� w[ ��vy �y� v��y� "ym��y$y� w6v�y�y� y��yRy�E:" y?=�Uy�� yOw� �=�Rw�yTv!�"" "ym��y$y� w6v�y�y� �2� ���y� w2� ��=�$y1 y*�yRy�E "vm���y� v�� wi �Ìyg �6y/y4 �y� viyy�yE

y��yRy�E "vm���y?�y�y�E :" y?=�Uy�� yyHv/y4 �y�! �=��y� v,yS �=��w� v$y)"�=�-�yRy�E " :" wm w$�yRv-� �yy) �y� y�va��y� v�y"! vm�y³ y��yRy�E " �2� ���y� w2� ��=�$y1 ym��y$y� w6v�y�y� :"�=��y� v,yS �=��w� v$y) "���w1�) ykw-y:"�=�-�yRy�E " :" �yy) �y� y�va��y� v�y

wm w$�yRv-�! ym��y$y� w6v�y�y� �2� ���y� w2� ��=�$y1 vm�y³ y��yRy�E " :" ���w1�) ykw-y:"<ysw-��s-� �m�y³ y��yRy�E " : y��yRy�E :" v1y v&� �y�¬y) �=��y�v�� w6w-�ywµ vm�Nv� w4 y�yiy� v�y�yE " w¶v1y v&� w�wZy� v�w4 vm�Ny�w� vi�) v�y) ���w1�) �{y)y� "w6w-=�$y1y� w6��w- �¶

w6w-=�$y1y� w6��w- y¶v1y v&� ��y) �=��y�v��yE �bw�y� "�6v/w y�v�y�E �K�v�y(")��(. $� ��� ��g =UE J�4 Ð+` *+$B� O� �=��-� mU��� 1@� A�a;� ������ mU4+

��1 � m�/-� M�) 67F�) �4 �Z�� *+$B� O� mU/E? 6�4. <��@ ��� ��@" �=��,S"���/4 : �) �� �&� < 1�W4� %+iB� =�� J�E�� �4 6�4 �=��,S �4 ���) �) 6S�Y�E� "%+iB� �4 �=��,S

%+ -� �() o� p-� <E=-A��)�¡(. ��@ m�$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� �� =���E �=��-� M�� [ 1�=3� 0=�$) *��;,�

j4 0=�$&� _� 6;�7� j4 0=�$&� �� ��@ "I8 �!��g) ���U;-� =���� �!��g) <RWH-�%���&�.

��@ p-� V�-�$&� m�) �4 1�=3� 0=�$) �A �+�) �1=@Z�� <�s4&� �4 x�;��$) M@ [� 6�7�)� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� �U$1�> =���� 0=Ò*+,-�� �+.-� 6���Ò O�

�I��� ��!�-�� ���-� [ 1�H-� �4 <4+,-� ����R� <RWH 6S=�? 1N�� <��$� MN *+$B� *=�-� �4 =7.S �RE ?�,W-� �U��� ��1 0=�^ j4 jW�� 6�/- V���-�� V���-� 0=�$) *��;,��

m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �=$�- V�£;,;E M��/-� .l�-� ��@ 4A� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �N-� �_4) 4) �:DE %���&� �() j4 03� <g�� [ Ìg 6S=�? [ 1�=3� 0=�$) *���;$� 6�7�)

$ �) Æ�i ���2� f=R; 6;��I [ ����) <� Ð+` O� m�=�� ��/-� j4 %�R�-� ���� "��.I .o�� �4 m�,4 *�4B� 6��� �Z-� ���3� [ ?1� : v�y� y��y "w6�wy) v�y� "y� y�v�y�� w�v y��y�v�y��$ :

" ���yI w[ ���y�v�y) "u<��wy$ v�y) " uÆv�yi �y�y� �K_w4y) y�4y) �y:w� ym��y$y� w6v�y�y� �2� ���y� w2� ��=�$y1 y��y@ w6w; y��y ��� "�Kv��yI y#w�w� v,��v-� y�w4 �6y/y4 v�y4y� "w2� fy=vRy�;w :" yyWy@ v�y4 �=��wS�y "w2� wM�w y$ w[ w2� wmv$�w ���zv��

w4 y�����y� y��wRy- �y:w�y� "� K��w-y� �=����; vRy�S yby� "�=����svy» yby� "���1w�vay�S yby� "�=L��ay�S yby� ���zv�� "w2�w "y#w@w vH��v-� y�

Page 178: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

153

u��y. wI wÐ y+y yOw� vm�U��v?�yEÒ u� y+ wI v�y) Ò ��� "vm�Uv��y� ���@y� "vm�Uv�� w4 vMy v�^�yE y�=��yiy) �y4 ���U��;���yAyE v�w4 w�L=y7�;-� yOw� vm�U��v?� ��� "vm�Uv��y� ���@y� "vm�Uv�� w4 vMy v�^�yE " y�=�� yiy) v�wDyE " w* y+v$wvB� yOw� vm�U��v?� vmw�w1�y?

vm��v w}vIy)y� "y��w wi� yU��v-� w1�y? yOw� �y�y� �y4 vmwUv�y�y�y� "y��w wi�yU��v�w- �y4 vm�Uy�y�E ykw-y: �=��y/y�E v�w� vm�U��!y)" y��w wi�yU��v-�"....)�¥(.

Kb�) *+$B� O� m�=��� �) ��/-� %�R- ��� 6�7�) m�$� 6��� 2� ��� 6;��� ��@� �/ 03� ��� �R � b� ��;R-� j�;>� f�³� O� mU��U� 2� M/-*+$B . 2� O� �=��-� ��

I�� ���3� [ %�i ��@ ���) 03� <g�� [ 6 M�/-� �N> 1�=3� 0=�$) [ ���$b � �4) ��UE "��;R-� ��,� Ì4 O� ��;R-� �� 6-A$� 6�� 2� oF1 o�� 1��g ��/-� %�R- ���

� �4 m�) <���³� ��� "*+$B� O� m�=��� �) m�$� 6��� 2� ��� [ ?1� ��@ "��;R-#7�7.-�" : �� "�6v�y� �6��-� yo

wFy1 u�v/y$ w�v wMvUy$ 6!) ��=�Ry�� "ym��y$y� w6v�y�y� �2� ���y� � wl��-� yjwy¦ y*v=y�� yy� v�yI :" w6v� y�y� �y�y� �6��-� �xy;vWy�� K+�iy1 y<y���-� � y#wTv�� y&" L��y) ykw- yZw- y�=�ivy�� �=�4�yRy�E " �v�y�yay�E "�yTv/��� vm�U

y��yRy�E "�yTv/��� v�y) =�ivy�� vm�UL��@y� :" Éow�y� y�v�y)Í yM�wRyE " :" w6v�y�� v��y� owNy; vHy�" w[ y�y.y y�E "�6y- yow���yE " yy4yAyE "

y��yRy�E "r% voy( w6w v��Ny� vy~ �6�!yA y@ �Ìyg �6y!�yNy4 y)yy� y�E "w6v� y�� v��y� :" �Ìyg vm�U��wS�yR��! y��yRy�E Í�y�y�v�s w4 �=�!=�Ny� :" �y�y� ��-�y=y�E "vmwUv�y�y� �Vwy¢ �ywµ vm��v w}vIy)y� " w*y+v$wB� yOw� vm�U��v?� ��� "vmwUw;yg�y,w y�wzv�y�S �Ìyg " ykw� v$w1 v�y y& w6

wmy/���-� wv�Ó v�w4 yky- rv�� yI r� wg�y� rM�iy1 ykw fy�vU���")�©(. Z� �4 ¯;�;,� �=���- V�-�$&� m�) �4 0=�$) 1�=3� �A zi=�� ¶�/;$b� �

�=��-� =� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �= �-� ��?�g) [ 1�=3� '���) �4 '�� ��) ��� <�4+$B�<������� <�?W-� �=��-� [ %�=$ <E�@ n���- O�/S 2� O� ,��/-� �) ���.-� j4 1�=3� %�=$� ,

[ �) ª?�� =i [ %�=$k-: O� �4� ��;R-� <g�� . ��(�I :J��)9,� K��� L�M$,

­�Rg� =� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� �=�? [ 1�=3� '���) �4 {�s-� '�³� ��<�4+$B� </�H-�� *+$B� O� m���? �) �/ 6S� `�� �1�U��� �3�. ��&� '�³� �) k( b�

'���&� 6�4 ���;S � o,�Y-� '�³� };/� fI&�. <��@ <��/µ *=R� �g� -�E "%�� !&� �=�? '���) �4 6^�Rg�� �3� 1�U�� �� ��@

<�/-� <a�-� V;@ %=F [ �3� ­�Rg� .

Page 179: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

154

0/-� ��,- [ 1=��4 �� �=R� :" 6- ®�-� r­�R wg� r­=R�g 6/5� M � -� ��R! L�y3� K��Rg K��Ryg kv��� - <� �;-� ���g [� ?y�� Ô?) %��w 6!) �) �_a- �@|4 1�.4 =�� M � _� �)

y��@) �=RS ��@ k� - 6��� ��? �Z-� ky;�� *yz-) º/4 6": ��1�N�S� 6 ��@y|;E K��Rg 2� � � �Z���@vA;-� �?��z-")�«(.

�­�RgwB�: ��R� :"6�Rg º/µ 6yRg) :�3� ��� ��S) �:w�. y4&� �RRg)� : 6�4 ��@ �:w�Ms4 #R� ��� 6;R�Rg.%��R-� 6��� �RRg)� :6; i�) �).6;RRg� �+E 1 vZ wg �RRg)� : �:w�

1ZQ ��@ �4 ��/E. ��3� �g)� : �Mi-� ��g)�"�U�) �) : K��Rg ��^ �:w�" )�´(. [ ?1�����/�� <�/-� <a�-� m£/4 " y4&� ��g) : "6�E �kH�� b �ÕRg � �_�� 6 i�)

6; `)� �U�) " yv3� �� w7��w-� y�=�4w v£��v-� y�wy@ v=y-y� yMw �y v-� yMwTv ���y� ��)��( ��7�- �K �Rg� : ��7�- �Kz�z/S ��3� �2� ��g) :6; `)� �U�)" )��(.

[ ��,W�� ��,E� �N-� �8R-� [ ���^�R;(� ��� [ �3� <��@ J?1� 6!� ��@�U�4 ����� _$�WS:

�� <��� _,WS [ �=a -� �=R� <�S "w6�w�v/���y� ��ywUv��� v�y)  ��yv3� ��w�Q v�y) �6��-� ���w��y�� w��y;wRv-�w vm�@���w� w�wv4yAw  w6wS� y�w� yNw� . yM�w y�) w6wS� y�w/w( w�w]�yzv�w�y� w����-� w1� yUv�w� v�w4 v�yRy� y$ wp�-�)��(.

o�� ��@ '�HN-� [ �HXz-� �=R��: �3� �7�-��³ b� 6�/E �4 "k-: M/E M � -� MT �� .6R�� WN-� ��T�� "�1�U��� *+$B� J� `� =�� )��(.

��?�g&� �/ @ZS ���) ���3� V;@ [ ���^�R;(� Ì( [ �3� <��@ J%�i��s�� M� $ ���: m�$� 6��� ��� 2� �=$1 ��^" : ��y3� fy)y1 v�yRy�E w{8y1" )��( y) �y�vd�1 v� K<y w?�y�

w* y+ vgy v&� w�yavFy) v�w4 v�y,v�y-. ���3�": w6��-� �y�y� w?�y w/v-� L�yg �y4 �w1 v�yS)" �V wi�y� y=�Uy�E "w6w m��y�� �wZ�-� m ��=y v�y)

��y3� �w�v�= r�w�` w]��B�. <� v���;-� ���w�yg �6v� w4y�"�ÕRyg �ÕRyg kv��� -" �_ya- ��@|4 1�v.4 y=��y� " uMw �y yv��y� v�y) : �6�!y) v�y)

��=�Ry�S � y�y@ "k�� - 6�y�� ��? �wZ�-� ky;�� �*yz-) ºv/y4 w6w y��@) : ��w vNyS� "w6w ��@|;E �ÕRyg w6��-� ��v y� � yZy� w��w@vA�;-� w�y?�y�wzw-

)�¡( .

Page 180: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

155

Kbb�;$� ��,-� ¶�/;$b� �4 ¯;�;,� V��� _$�W;-�� mi�/��� J�a�-� V;@ �4 "J� `B�� 1�U�B� {�/4 ��� M�HS �3� ­�Rg� <��@ �A ���3� ��s-� 4&� U�� �)

*+$B� 1�^� =�� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� �=�? [ "O�/S 2� %�¦) �4 �3�� � w³�� ��?=�i� ��Ry7y;�

�� <yR�wRyg �?=�iv=y�v-� y=��6�;��. L�y3�� : �� wF wMw �y v-�.��^ O�/S� �1� S: wyNv���v-� w�y� y�v=yUv��y�Sy� w'��v/y�v-�w y����4vAyS wn����w- v�yiw vI�) u<�4�) yv�� yI vm�;v��@�

 w6��-�w y�=�� w4v|��Sy� )٤٧( '�/�� 4&� �� �3� ­�Rg� � N��� �� oU�-�� M � -� ­��]� ��>B��

2� � Ì-� J�W� �� ��>B� 1�^��� z��; m�$� 6��� 2� ��� Ã�°� l�-� %��;^� m�,�� . �) O� <-�$-� <�U4 <��� �4 m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �N-� l�-� J�W� �4 J�W.-� k�S ��@

2� <Ó1 O� MR;!� . �4� �3� ­�Rg� <Uµ <���4 n��-� �=��- � *�^ p-� J�1�=3� ��� �4 k-:��H-� ���3� [ %�i :" w�v� �� un�� y� y��y :"���y- v�y-yzy�! � v1wZv!y)y� ykySy_ wHy� y#wyv�^y&�� ykyTv�y1y�

�m�Uv�� w4 "y#w.y� v���v-� yPyyI ��=�$y1 w2� ���y� �6��-� w6v�y�y� ym��y$y� �Ìyg y�w/y� �yW�.-� y�;yUy�E :�y� v��yg�y y�! �=�-�yRy�E: " v�y4 � yZ�Í �=�/y�y; vi�yE w6v�y-w� y��yRy�E :" vm�;v��y)y1y) v�w� vm�N�Svy� vIy) ��y) K+v�yI �P�vy¼ v�w4 wxvWy$ � yZ� wMy yv�� vm�;v��@y) �ow ��y.�4 �=�-�y �y4 �y�v��yi ykv�y�y� "�KwZy@ y��y : �{wDyE r�wZy! vm�Ny- y v#y� v�y�y� u0�yZy� y��^"u��w�y( =�y) uVyy³: �Õ y�S yky- �y4 �y�y�;v/yy5 �bw� � yZ w³ ��� y*�y v�y-yzy��y�E:� v�� y�S � y�y� w�y) uVyy³ �VySy���)٤٨(.

#/1) Ã) �) O� ?+��� �4 mU���) # ��^ p-� 6S��g �� �A$ �N-� l�-� �� �Z@ M� 0ZN-� ��� {=»�i� M� �) "�4���=-�^ {��g �= mN4�4) : k��� ��i �4

��^ � "K�Z@ : ���-� 1�U�� O� 1�() O�/S� �1� S 2�� "���( 0�Z� ��� # mN- �Z! {DE<=;-� �1=$ [ <� � -� ���?&� ��� �3� :�� x;W-� �1=$ [�:�©�.-� �1=$ [� ":« ®W�

MY�^ �4 z� ��RE J���N-�:� y$v1y) �wZ�-� y=�� w����-� �y�y� ��ywUv���w- ��yv3� w��w?y� fy��v³�w �6y-=�$y1 yM w6���@ )٤٩(.

�_,WS [ �}T-� �=R� �=R� :"�U�@ M��� ��� *+$B� o�/�-��=@H�� �@ =-�  �y1=U� 2� "�U���" )�´(.

<�4+$B� </�H-� </� � <�= �-� m�-�/;-� zi=4 ��� "M � -� ��T�� "�3� ­�Rg� �+3� M@)� �Y�W-� %�?)� ­=R3� �� h�E�-�� x @� "mU;-�$1 ��?|� Ìg #7�.�� <��Ó�

"m�1�( .7�S Ìg #4c� � "6Rg �g �: M@ %�T��� N��� �� �U�-�� '�/�� 4&�

Page 181: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

156

1�FB� j�4� ­=R3� <���1� J�!�4&� ÖWg� <7�.�-� %�?)� " <�N3�� �4 ­�Rg� J����/;-�M � -� ��T�� �3�, (� ¾��(&� �� ��-� �a |<�S�Z-� me�.

� #�$��� %�� !&� ��=4�^ B�_H ;-�� 1�Z!" O�/S ��RE ��Z!� �_H ��� ! 2� M$1)� :� y( y��y�v� y$v1y) ��!w� L wl��-� �yUL��y) �y��K�wZy!y� �K�Hy �4y� � K�w��" �K_w��4 �Ki�y w$y� w6w!v:wDw w6��-� yOw� �K�w��y?y� )٥١( �� �

MY�^ �4 z�:� wJ�y����,-� y v×w� vZ�� wJ�y�y,yv3� ��w�  �� �4 �m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �=$-� <�$ M � -� ­��]�� �3� ­�Rg�" �-� �]=-�� M�N-� %�E�'�.!B�� ��/" <4�^��-� ��/ j�5 [

g&�� h�F�&� "��=¶1&� [ ¹+�B��" �� oU�-��?�,W-�. �N��I :25��� 2��O,

�4 ��@� mU��� 6£3� <4�^�� 6;-�$1 Ä�� ;- ��1Z�4� ��H 4 M$-� M$1) O�/S 2� ��4�^�� ��°� ¹+�B V;N-� �z!)� M$-� M$1) �) 6;Ó1� 2� <�NgmU��� <£3� <. 2� ��^

O�/S:� ��=�$�-� �yUL��y) �y� yk��w.v/y�� �6��-�y� �6y;y-�y$w1 y�va��y� �y�yE vMy/vWy�S vy~ v�w�y� yk�y1 v�w4 ykv�y-w� y�wzv!�) �y4 vÄ��y� y��wwE� yNv-� y*v=yRv-� �w�vUy�� yb y6��-� ��w� wn���-� y�w4  )��(. �=N;� x�T.4 <£3� <4�^� �4AE�\ #;��@ �4 �: "<£g� <4�^� "@ </i�4 �/ E V;

��� ��@ x�T.�� �Z� {�/4 ���;,� J�7�T.��� J�a�-�: �4 ��/E� 0� <4�^B� �4)"* � ­ " '= =-� '?�� *��R-�� "n=��� �F =��

Ms4 '�3� O� <��N-� �Z� f�/;S �4���� <4������ J� s-�� ¶=U�-��"�� 0 "�U�!�/4 _a;S .��s�� M� $ ��� @Z! :� �) �7 -� <�;N *��R-� 6- ������ =�� M�/�- *��R-�� <�;N�- �1?� �

%oH-� ��� *z/-� =� *��R-�� 6- ÖW3��. {�UW�&� V��-� <4+/-� �=R�" :��R�:"6/5� "rmwY�y =UE "K�4��w �*=�Ry�� y*�y: �6y4�yy)� "r*��w

�_� .0F) ��� �*�y�wRv-�� "K<y4�yw� ��N�� y*�yy)� : �4� "���H-� *��^ *�� � "1��;I� �) _�,; � ��E "%oH-� ��� *z/-� ��� =� *�� � "6- ÖW3�� %oH�- ������ =� %oH�- _�,�;-� w*�y�wR-�

O�/S 6-=^:� r�� w.ygy� rmwY�^ �Uv� w4 )��(6-= �" O�/S:� ��y� K<y�wY�^ ��=���; v@yy�S v�y) u<y��w- v�w4 vm�;v/yTy �4� w³=���) )��( w*�y�wR-� �4� " O�/S 6-=^ 1��;Ib� =� �Z-�:� K�� wi�$ wMv���-� y%�!8 r�w!�^ y=�� v��4y) K��wY�^y� " )��( ")�¡(.

Page 182: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

157

�N-� �8R-� *��;$� �R-�Ms4 ���^�R;(� ÌH *��R-� <��@: "mY�^)�¥(" #4�= �)�©( "�=��^))�«( k-: O� �4�.

,-� =) ,W�<��� ?=/:� yby� y�� ��-� �=���wy) v�y)�=��yWy�;y�S  6w!�@1) �M��/S 6w;4�^D �?����6�E yjR� v�) v�4 6��Wg� 6- ���H;-�� 6��� �< ��=�� �) rÄ�])¡´(.

<a�-� [ <£3� �4) : �1��z- �.R-� =�� <£3�� ¯3� �U�4� �.R-� =�� ���}-�� M�-�-�2� ��. �N-� �8R-� [�:� �<�£�v3� w6��w�yE vM� �<yaw-� v-�  )¡�(:

{�UW�&� �=R�:<£3�: �) "<�£7��- <��� �� <-b�-�: o�;R� �Z-� m�R;,�� �.R��#��R�-� �g) <7� .O�/S ��^ : �<yaw-� v-� �<�£�v3� w6��w�yE vM�)¡�(�� � " : vm�Nv�y�y� wn����w- y�=�Ny� �+y�w-

�=��y�y� y��wZ�-� �bw� r<�£�g)¡�( M/£E " �N� ~ ��� <£3� �4 ºs;,4 �=��� ��Z-� � � ;Q �4

<£g)¡�(. K���) �=R��: O�/S 6-=R@ "<£g 6 �=£;Q �4 ��¦ 6�!) ]=¢� : w6��-� w[ y�=Li�y�Q y��wZ�-�y�

vmw�Ây1 y�v�w� r<y� wg�? vm�U��;�£�g �6y- yV� w£�; v$� �4 w�v/y� v�w4)¡�(S 6-= � "<�£g <�g��-� ���,E "O�/ : b �m�Ny� v��y�y� ��y� v��y� y<�£�g

)¡¡(�) " :��� -� 1=U�- P�£;g� b)¡¥(. J� `B 6,W�- 64+@ MY�R-� *��;,� �) "I�� < �� 6 ?=.R�� *+N-� =� <£3� K�:�

M � -� ��T�� �3�. �A J�W�/;-� Vg�� <£3� '/�: "<£3� :M� � "f=��-� <7� ��� 6 �? �4 :

-�� <£3��g�� M�-�")¡©(. �]�-� *�4B� �=R��": "K<y�w �y �K�v�y) ��=�NyS v�y "K<y7� w7y� ��=�NyS v�y � yU��!y) � y�y@ y<�£�v3� ��y)

yO�y/y�S �6��-� y��y / vmw�Ây1 y�v�w� r<y� wg�? vm�U��; �£�g" yO�y/y�S y��y y� : y�w4 y�y%�i �y4 w�v/y� v�w4 w6�wE yk�i�yg v�y�yE wmv�w/v-�" �wZ�-� y�=�Ny� v�y) o w�y;vRy�� � yZy�y� K<�£�g w6w wg�y� �y�y� vm�Uv�� w4 u� wg�y� LM�@ y?w1=�� v�y) yo

w� �<�i�y7��v-�y� �v3� ��yw&y� w<�£�v3�w ���y,�� yMwTv ��v-� �?w1=�� w6w ��y.vR��� u* y+y@ LM�NyE w6v�y�y� y+y� �y:w� �6�£yg v�w4 � yU��^�yRw; v(� y<�£ vm�U��v/y� y��y y� "r<�£�g y=�Uy�E wv_yav-� �<y y�y� : ���y,v! wvB� ���Z w��;y�� u* y+y@ LM�NyE " w��w�T-� w<�£yy� v�w4 r�y:=�IvAy4 �yU��!w�

w� w[ w6 w,vWy��w- � KNy� v,y4 y��y@ K<�£�g ���y,�S v�y y< yU v� LH-� ��y) y�y y�` �y:w�y� "r<�£�g y=�Uy�E u��yTvw� v�y) uJ�y v�` K+w.�;�4 �%�y�v�sw; v$ wb�" )¡«(.

Page 183: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

158

xF�=-� M�-�-� ?� /-� O� ���3� ���-� �=�?� �3� Ù+� [ *��R-� o� <£3� <4�^DE�,g 0=�$A� j �R-� ���}-��.

�Mi �=R� ��� �: � �1wzyS yby� � yUv��y�y� LM w�y� �y�¬wDyE �MyF v�y4y� w6 w,vWy��w- �w�y; vUy�� �y�¬wDyE fy�y; v�� w�y4 Kb=�$y1 y�y/v� y�! �Ìyg y#w�Zy/�4 ����@ �y4y� fy vI�) y1v]w� r�y1w]�y�  )¥´(

�_,WS [ _s@ �� <4+/-� �=R�: " y� " yO�y/y�S w6w- v�y� v�y� r1�y vIw� �bw� � K� ygy) �0�Zy/��� yb �6�!y) yO�y/y�S y��y �y�y@ "w6v�y-w� w�=�$�-� w��y$v1wDw w6v�y�y� w<�£�v3� w*�y�w y�v/y� :� �yU��;y�!yzyI vm�y³yAy$ rPv=y�E � yU�wE yo

wRv-�) � y����@ y�v��ZyNyE r�wZy! �y!y%�yi v�y �y�y� �=�-�y r�wZy! vm�NwSvAy� vy~y) w[ bw� vm�;v�!y) v�w� u% voy( v�w4 �6��-� y�z! �y4 �y�v���^y� �

u_w y@ u�+yF  )¥�(")¥�(. 6��� �N-� l�-� *� � m�$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� �=�? '���) �4 <£3� <4�^DE <H^����� 1�=3� �U�4 �=��-� V�-�$) Ì( K�4��;,4 Vi�=-� �Z J����,;-�� J�=�.-�

�d�,;-�� .� �4 mUi�I�� <��=a-� �4 n��-� :�R!B� # �� Ù+ �- �=s/� %�� !&�� M$-� � M R� b �Z-�� K+4�@ �g�� x£�� l��- m�,;,�� �=��-� M R� �Z-� �4AE 1=�-� O� J����-�

O�/S ��^ "Ù+ -� b� �=$-� ��� ®��E l�-� �=�?: � v�y�y� y��y�v�y$v1y) � y�yE �=�Fyv�y) v�wDyE �K��wWyg vmwU �Ù y+y v-� �bw� ykv�y�y� v�w�  )¥�(

��� �UF/� #g M@ [ �=��-� '=T� ��@ m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �N-� �=$-�EO�/S ��^ �) �/ ®�¢ ~� *� � ��( M@ :�1Z!AE m^ `��� �U�) �� )¥�( O� n��-� ��?�

<�?E �=�? ��? "MY� R-� [� ­T-� [� �?�=�-� [� <$�R�� ��H��� ­�=$&� [ K�1�e� K+�- 2��I8 O� MY� R-� %�$d1 oR-� %�W,-� M$1)� MY�$-� V;@" <���5�.

O�/S ��^ Ìg: � y#w�w4v|�4 �=�!=�Ny� �by) yky,vWy�! rj wI�y yk��y/y-  )¥�( ����) ��: � yk��y/y�y�E�KWy$y) w��w�yv3� � yZyw �=�� w4v|��� vy~ v�w� vmw�w1�y8 �y�y� yky,vWy�! rj wI�y  )¥¡(

J���� �Z� _,WS [ _s@ �� <4+/-� �=R�": w6v�y�y� �6��-� ���y� �6y-=�$y1 �K���y,�4 yO�y/y�S ��=�Ry�� y#w@w vH��v-� �y�y� w6w!vz�g w[ ym��y$y� yO�y/y�S y��y �y�y@ "�6v�y� vmw�w�v/��y� y��y> wvB� �mwUw@vy�;w- " :� vVy� vZyS +yE

uJ�yy,yg vmwUv�y�y� yk�,vWy�!  )¥¥( y��y y� "� vmwUv�y�y� v�yzvy§ by�  )¥©( y��y y� "� by) yky,vWy�! rj wI�y yk��y/y- y#w� w4v|�4 �=�!=�Ny� )¥«( rj wI�y : y��y � yZyw³y� GvmwUv�y�y� ykw!vz� w· yky,vWy�! rkw� vUy4 v�y)� yky,vWy�! rj wI�y yk��y/y�y�E

w��w�yv3� �yZyw �=��w4v|��� vy~ v�w� vmw�w1�y8 �y�y�  wÅv/y�� : y�8v�Rv-���KWy$y)  ��=�Ry�� : yky,vWy�! vkw� vU��S yb

Page 184: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

159

�KWy$y)")©´(. � x�S�W4 _,WS [ %�i�VY�a-:" w�=�$��w- y��yR��� v�y) �6v� w4 �?=�.vRy�v-� : yk�!vz�g �m��v/y�� yb y+yE vmwwÂ=����^ w[ w��y> wvB� �M� w.vy§ ��4yAyE �K�Hy �4y� �K1wZv��4 y��y�v�sy/y� ��!wDyE vmw�wvW�@ wVy y,w yk�Wy$y)y� yky- y�y1 v��

w6v�y�y� . �-� �<y�w� v,yS �¶yyav-�y� �6v�y� ym��y$y� w6v�y�y� �6��-� ���y� w�=�$")©�(. �?|� ��@ 6S�E� O� J����,;-� M�@)� J��7;-� Ã)� J�=�.-� M�E) 6��� 6;s/ ��E

�=��-� Vi�� Vi�=-� �Z�0�Z/-� �4 n��-� 1�Z!�� 2� O�: "�yUv��y� �6��-� yowFy1 y<yHwY�y� v�y�

v�y-�y :" y�� ��y) yky ��yg v�y4 �6��-� y�yzv�!y) ��wË �K�v�y( ymy; y@ ym�� y$y� w6v�y�y� �2� ���y� � K��� y0yZy@ v�yRy�E "w6v�y�y� " ��=�Ry�� �6��-�y� :� yk�y1 v�w4 ykv�y-w� y�wzv!�) �y4 vÄ��y� ��=�$�-� �yUL��y) �y� " )©�(.

� �_a�� � ��-=-� 1��7E Ä�� ;-�� �=��-� ��� K�.�g m�$� 6��� 2� ��� ��@ ��� 6�;^ �=-��Q �=!�@ �4��� <4N�� <N4 [ %���&� �()� V³ �)� MUi �)� Æ�^ ��?����

�E j� � ���-� 4) [ 1��-� �4 m�ZR��- 6S=�? M��=� =�� m�$� 6��� 2�6. �+�s4� ¾=.�-� �Z� �� M$1) �=$1 M@ �DE "�U�+� ��� `�� <£3� <4�^� �@|S �

6W/F�) "�z£/ n��-� �=R� +�- 6^�� ��� <-�? �z£/4 <�A , J��� J��¿ ��|� �=$1 M@� �,�� �z£/4 � "�7,-� ��� ­=W;-� "�$=4 �z£/4 "��s�� M� $ ��/E 64=^ ��g j4 V$��;S

$ �z£/4� %� &� ��� ­=W;-� *+,-� 6��� �/� %�=³�� ��� ��� ­=W;-� *+,-� 6��� ����� %�7.W-�� %�?&� J��;@ ��� ­=W;-� ��-�°� �z£/�� �N-� 0�;N-� ��� ! �z£/4 "­1�=°� <^?� <g�.W-� '���)� ��� -� h�=!) j�5� j�� -�� {�/��� <g�.W-�� <�+ -� [ %� T°��

� ��-�I �z£/4 �z£/�� �Z� ��� "<-�$-�<4��R-� *=� O . m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �N-� �=$-�E l�i&�� V�R-�� "���.-�� ��/-�� 1� N-�� 1�a.-� �4 ��=���� '���) j�5 j4 1�=3� *�^ <��e [� "�=��-� M R� b �4� "*+$B� [ � $ �4� "??S �4� "*+$B� [ MI? �4�

��°� �(�� �3� �Q �) ��� 6!� '�T��<4Z-� ª}�� <£3� m�R�� . <£3� <4�^�� 61 <-�$1 Ä�� S ��� ��g ��@ *+,-�� �+.-� 6��� �N-� �=$-�E

��� f! 6;-�$1 Ù+� �/ 61 �UH� ���g&� m�/4 [ ��@� �3� 1�U��� [ ��s�� M� $h�?=-� <£g < TI:

w�) �� "y�y vNy w�y� � wl��-� ���y� �6��-� v�y�y� w6 "ym��y$y� y��y:" ���y4�z-� w�y y1� y�y; v$� w<y�v�yUy@ y*v=y�� y�y�yI wJ�y=��,-� " y¶v1y&�y� �<y��,-� �y�v�`� yyHy� G�K vUy( �yUv�� w4 r<y/y�v1y) "r*��g r<yy+y rJ�y�w-�y=y�;�4 : w� y�v/yRv-��: ��:y�

Page 185: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

160

w<�£wv3� "�*�y7��v-�y� �Vyiy1y� " yy�y4 �wZ�-� y v#y� fy?�y�5 Gy��y v/y(y� L�y) u vUy( � yZ�Í �y�v��� : �2� �6�-=�$y1y� �my�v�y)G y�yNy,yE �Ìyg ���y��y� �6�!y) w6���y,��y$ wv_yaw "w6wv¦� y��y:" y®v�y-y) ��: w<�£wv3�Í �y�v���^ :"�y�y�! y��y : L�yAyE u�y�y� � yZ�Í �y�v���^ :" �2� �6�-=�$y1y� �my�v�y)G y�yNy,yE �Ìyg ���y��y� �6�!y) w6���y,��y$ wv_yaw "w6wv¦� y��y:" y®v�y-y) y� y�v�y� v-�Í �y�v���^ :"�y�y�! y��y : L�yAyE u*v=y�� � yZ�Í �y�v���^:" �2� �6�-=�$y1y� �my�v�y)G y�yNy,yE �Ìyg ���y��y� �6�!y) w6���y,��y$ wv_aw w6wv¦� y��y:" y®v�y-y) y*v=y�� w v7��-�Í �y�v���^: "�y�y�! y��y :" ��wDyE vm�@y%�y4w? vm�Ny-�y=v4y)y� Ò y��y r���y�� ) ��ygy) w��yiw1

w�y��,-� ( �6� w,vgy)y� Ò y��y:" vm�NyF�yv�y)y� vm�Nv�y�y� r*�yyg w<y4v�7y@ vm�Nw4v=y�� � yZ� w[ vm�@w�y�y� � yZ� [ vm�@w vUy( G� yZ� y�v=yRv�y�; y$y� vm�N�y1 vm�N�-yA v,y� y,yE v�y� "vm�Nw-� y�v�y) yby) y+yE �=�/ wivy�S �w�v/y� Kb�+�F �0wv�y� vm�N��v/y� y0�yw1 " u�v/y� yby) wÄ��y� ��w- ��w���H-� " yVwY�yav-� �My/y�y�E y�v/y� v�y4 �6�a��y� ��� v�y) y�=�N�� �y�v�y) �6y- v�w4 w�v/y� �y4 �6/wy¦"" y��yNyE r���y�� �y:w� ��yy@y: ��=�Ry�� :" y­y�y� r���y�� ���y� �6��-� w6v�y�y� ym��y$y� ��� y��y :" yby) vMy� ��va��y�

w v#y�S�y4Í")©�(. %�D <�7.-� <��5 j4 1�=3� �/ O�/S 2� ?�U(� �= �-� 1�=3� �Z� [ ���H-�E

6��� �=R�E <4Z-�1�=3� ���@� �/ *+,-�� �+.-�": " yVwY�ya-� ��w���H-� wÄ��y� ��v�y�E " v�yUv(� �m�U��-� u�v/y� y0�yw1 vm�N��v/y� �0wv�y� "�K1��W�@ �w�v/y� �=�/ wivy�S y+yE " ujw4� y$ v�w4 �y�v�y) uÄ��y� �4 �0�y�E" )©�(.

B� �=�? Ä� � m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �N-� �=$-� ��@ 1�=3� �4 '�³� =UE *+$ 2� ��? [ �=I�-� � �=��-� �= ^ �4) "mÂ1 Jb�$1 �=a� � �) #/5) %�� !&� �=�? �4� �= �-�

2� ��� 6R�E=;E� um�wRy; v,�4 u±�y w� yOw� �%�yHy� v�y4 �w�vUy�� �6��-�y�  )©�(. ��°� O� M$1) 6!DE �1� ID ��T-� 6R�Ú m�g1 O�/S 2� �� �=��N;� mU�4 +$1

"¶=��b� � n� ;-� +E _ I m�Ng ��- �4 <7F�� <-�$-�� "�=�UW��� �=�UW�� mU;a�O�/S� �1� S ��^ :� �%�yHy� v�y4 �6��-� LMw���y�E vm�y³ y �#y� ��w- w6 w4v=y�^ w��y,w�w �bw� u�=�$y1 v�w4 �y�v�y$v1y) �y4y�

y=��y� �%�yHy� v�y4 �w�vUy��y� �m�wNyv3� �z�wzy/v-�  )©¡( ��$1� [ m�Ng� 6-�/E)� �1=4) j�5 [ m�Ng 6!DE �/ [ ����aS� ��z�-� <�W�@ [ �UE+;I� � "V;N-�� M$-� ?��/S �DE "V;N-� ��z!�� "M$-�

���N;-� ±��4 o� p-� ��³�=g) [ m4&� J�R J��W;- =� �¬� *�Ng&�� jY�H-�. �� �=$-��N-� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� "M���� <-� B� �4 1�=3� �+I V�£;� ��@

< �a-�� 1�U�B�� <4=.°�� Ù�W-�� " 6�N-� 6��� 2� ��� [ �_s@ '���) ��R7;- 1�=Q ��@ �g�� 1�=g'���&� �Z� �4�:

Page 186: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

161

-�+=�� :���+��� �#������ ��= '1�/;-� �� m�,�� ���g [ f}N-� '���&� �4 '��m�$� 6��� 2� ��� ��@ �RE

1�=3� �� �� �_� j4 '1�/;-� *=R� �� {�s-� 1��q� �� '1�/;-� V�T;� xi��-� 1�=3� �&" [ <�����;ib� 6�;!�N4 ���� 6�;�� ^ ���� ���� ���� 6�S��R� ���� *+�N-� ���� 6�S1�^ ���� 6���

'1��/;-� ?�] ����@� 1�=�3� ��4 6�E�� 1���q� ��RQ oN- j�;c� ��1���q� #� ?=�-�� <^���.-� J?�]",�� <-=U, I�� mUW� �U�4 M@�

-�P��Q:������ E� >/:��� 2���� ��@ 1�=g m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �=$-� m;�6�7�) #� 6�� �?�� ª?�� =i [ G

<�7.-� ��NE 6!� =� ��� 2� ��� 6/4 M4�/;-� [ #��W7;4 mU�/¢ �^ �K_ @ �K_ =S "m�$� 6Gm³�=g) ��� ���T�- mU/4 �$� ;�� m³ ��T�;� �) ���� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� =� ��@ ����

j4 m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �N-� �=$-� �T�S ��� ��� �i �� m�,4 ���1 �Z-� ���3��"1�=3� �� �� ?=-�� <^��.-� ���@ [ <�S�Z-� m�1=4) �I) [ 6�I�S mU/4 6 g� 6�7�)

] y��y w2� w�v y� w�v ww�yi v�y� : �y�v�y� v� y) ���y�y�E "u��yzy� w[ ym��y$y� w6v�y�y� �2� ���y� w2� w�=�$y1 yjy4 ����@ y�y�yTv!�yE "�6y/y4 v�y!� y@ u�yzy��y/w �w_w/y y®y�y�y�E "owWv� yI rVw@�y1 wÅyR w7y�y�E " u'=�Ty w¤ u_w/y �y�y� ��v��£y/y�S

��y$y� w6v�y�y� �2� ���y� w2� w�=�$yw �y!y) �y:wDyE " L�yWy�;v-�yE " wMw wvB� y�w4 u%�y1 y�v!y) �y4 w?y= viyAy@ �w_w/y y��yRy�E "ym : ��v��� Í �w�yi �y� yk�� w£v/��� �y4 : y��yRy�E " unv�/w u� vUy� ���w�yg �{w� "w2� y�=�$y1 �y� : y�; vi��yzy�S �K vNwy) v*y) "�yU

y��y Í�K ��y�` : ��v��� : y��y "�K ��y�` vMy :" yk� w� y+�Sy� � yU�� w� y+�S K<y�w1�yi �+y�" " y��y :" "y<y��w�y�v-� �y�v4w�y ���y�y�E �I v�y�w- �y� v� y�y: yM"" y��yRy�E : K+v�y- yM�I v�y! �Ìyg �=�� wUv4y)Ò K%�yHw� v�y)Ò �<ysw/�H-� y� wHy;vy» voy@ �� w7y; v,ySy� "

�<y �wa��v-� y��y : y��y y�:" y®v�yNv-� y®v�yNv-�yE y�v4w�y �y:w�" )©¥(. -�����:2�=8��� A�:+���� >�MN����

�� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� 2� �=$1 6�7�) m��� <�U�� �Z *�RE K���/4 �/ �^6S��g �= mUWR � m��1� �,g) ��@ " �4 m��y/�4 M�E)��/5 <�H �- M "6;�4�&% �y� �4� G

mU���/S ¶a 6�7�) j4 m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �=$-� 1�=g �^�=�E [ J?1� mUW�RsS� " �.§ b �^ Á�1�;-�� �_,-�� _,W;-�� ���3� V;@o�� �4 �^�=�� �Z� �4�:

Page 187: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

162

w�v y� �� w2� w�v u?=�/ v,y4 y��y :����@ yjy4 � wl��-� ��y�� �6��-� w6v�y�y� ym��y$y� w[ "u<� ^ y��yRy�E : y�v=yFvy�Sy) v�y) �=�!=�NyS yj��1 wM v�y) w<��yv�� �y�v��� :"vmy/y�! y��y : y�v=yFvy�Sy) v�y) �=�!=�NyS y�����` wM v�y) w<��yv�� �y�v���^ :"vmy/y�!

y��y : y�v=yFvy�Sy) v�y) �=�!=�NyS yvTy( wMv�y) w<��yv�� �y�v���^ : vmy/y�! y��y :�wZ�-�y� �®vWy�! u���y�� w�w�y�w �{w� =�iv1y& v�y) �=�!=�NyS y�v.w! wM v�y) "w<��yv�� ykw-y:y� ��y) y<��yv�� yb �U���I v�y� �bw� r®vWy�! "r<y�w� v,�4 �y4y� vm�;v�!y) w[ wMv�y) w�v�H-�

�bw� w�yy/�H-�y@ w%�y�v�y� v-� w[ w�v� wi w1v=��s-� "w?y= v$y&� v�y) w�yy/�H-�y@ w%�y?v=�,-� w[ w�v� wi w1v=��s-� wyvÓy&�")©©(. �1�`B V�¢ � <�7.-� �A,� 6!A m�$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� m��/S 0=�$) ��@

Z� oWE mU�-� M$� �) ��� ��@ p-� <-�$-� ��� z@� � 6�-� m�� ;!� �W-� ��=H;-� ���3� � �@) � m4&� # 6;4) <-z�4 @: � J�4 Ð+` �A,E "�U�I�� �4� <��� O� ­=H-� ���z; *�^ m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �N-� l�-� �) ��� ��>�� #R� ��� �=!�@ <�7.-� �) j4 m,R-� 6;-=R4

Á�$S ��� �4 m�UW;- ?=$&� 1=s-� ��sµ %�i � ­�.-�� �3� b� �=R�b "<�7.-� ��- 6�!�/4 6�7�) n=W! [ m�$� 6��� 2� ��� 2� �=$1 n� �4 6-=I? %�i1� <��� Vg

2� �H� b Ìg G�ZW-� 0=�$&� mU�I�S p-� <3�.-� ����&� m;�� �H-� <4&� �S<���.

- n+EB� *=UW4 m�$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� x7.� I�� �= �-� 1�=3� [� ��o�� �4 67�7� [ m�,4 PI) "<�7.-�:

��^ 6�� 2� oF1 ��� �) ��: j4 *=� J�: m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �=$-� ®�im³ ��RE "6�7�): "�=-�^Í �®

w�vW��� �y4 y���1 v�ySy) :h�;4 b� 6- m�1? b v�y4 ���E ®�W�� .��RE: ��w�

y*v=y�� wÊvAy� wp�4�) v�w4 y®w� vW�

�� y��y4 yMy@y)y� � yZy� y'yZy y� � yZy� ymy;y( v�y wÊvAy�y� "u�� y@y]y� u*�y� w�y� u�y+y.w w<y4�y�wRv-� v�y�w�yE v�wDyE "w6wS�y�y,yg v�w4 �yZy�y� w6wS�y� y,yg v�w4 � yZy� �yTv/���y�E "� yZy� y0yyFy� � yZy� y*y? ykyWy$y� � yZy�

y� �y4 �y�vR��� v�y) yMv y�^ �6�S�y� y,yg w1���-� [ y¹w� ��� "w6v�y�y� v�ygw�TyE vm���y��yTyI v�w4 yZ wI�) "w6v�y�")©«(. m;U� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� �=$-� �Z� [ 1�=3� *=UW4 x�7.; n+EB� f�-

"<�7.-�®�- n+EB� �A �=$1 *�UW;$� ��� <�7.-� 6 0�i) �4 �Z�� "�?��� n+EB�6��� 2� ��� 2� �=-�RE Gm�$�: ]h�;4 b� 6- m�1? b v�y4 ���E ®�W��[. �N-� l�-� x7.�E

*=UW�� k-: m�$� 6��� 2� ��� ÖW�-� �Z³ �=a�-� � " "<4��R-� *=� 6T�� "� n+EB� �) �# oR�R3� :"�_s@ J��,· � /-� ÊA� �) m���� ��.�� M ?� /-� ­=Rg j���� 2� ­=R· m;U��

Page 188: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

163

�-��=Û �=.� *�3� M@A� o�.� n� VNS1� �^ mY��� �4 �=4=���� �T/��E "?� /-� ��g [ m�Ui [ �R��� � "m����$ �4 6��� ¹yT�� � "<R�R3� ��� �K,�W4 _.�E "ºWS Ìg 6S��,g

�K1=,�. 0=�$&� �ZÂ�ZW-� o��s�;-� n�����,;-� Ã)� J�=�.-� M�E) 6��� �N-� l�-� J

<4&� 0=�^ ��°�� ?� /-� ­=Rg [ ��\B� �1�,I. -�+=��:E�� R�)�?��

=�� Ä�] b� <U ( b� 6�E ¶=�� b xF�� ��? Ã�°� l�-� 6 %�i �Z-� ���-� �� ��� ���U4 m�$� 6��� 2� ��� 2� �=$1 V�^ ��� �z!) �Z-� 0�;N-�� %o( MN- ��� S

O�/S� �1� S 2�� <R�,-� V;N-�<4��R-� *=� O� ��-�I �z£/4 0�;N-� �Z� M/i . �4 ��R!� 6,W� ���� Mi 6���� K��4) �-� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� ��� �!��$ ��� Ä� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� 6!�� �3� Ù+D 4)� _H ;-�� �Z�;-� 4) 6�-� �g�)� ��1?B�� �R�-�

��@� 2� ��? O� n��-� ��?� Ä�� ;-� �g ¹��1&� �4"�=��-� M ^ �4 M ^ 6!) 6S=�? _`AS _`AS� <�i1�I J� |4 Mi) �4 mU�/ k( K�7F�� K�F��� "��=���� �/ ¶�)� <���T�� �d�� M�s�;-�� ® �-�� ��°� O� �=-�4 ���}-�� <£3� �3� <�1�R4 �� ��z£� ��� <��

�=��-� 0�;@� <����-� ��(� �=��-� [ �=NNH�. E O� �=��-� n��-� M R� oN- �U;-�]�� J�U H-�� �=NH-� ?1 �= �-� 1�=3� '�� ��N

#R�-�� ¾+IB� 2�. ��@ 6S+NH4 1=4&� �4 J�U ;H��� k(� ® -� *�Â� ��� ��S <��@ o� 6 H-� �4AE

*+,-� 6��� �,�� �� <��Ng O�/S ��^: � w� yx� w,y�v-� �y�v�y�;y�^ ��!w� vmww³v=y� y� w6��-� y�=�$y1 yy�vy4 y�v� �y,� w6�w vm��y³ ��y4 �6�v� w4 Üky( owWy- w6�wE �=�Wy�y�; vI� y��wZ�-� ��w�y� vm�y³ y6� �( v�wNy-y� ��=� y�y� �y4y� ��=��y�;y�^ �y4y� �bw� um�v�w� v�� w4

�K��wRy� ��=��y�;y�^ �y4y� ����-� yh�y ��S�  )«´( <����� ���HXz-� ��,W�": ��N-� ��& j��TR�4 %��s;��$� ������-� yh��� �S� �bw� �=���;^ ���4 m��³ 6 ��( �

º��/� "m���/-� ®���i ���4 ®���- ����-� h��� S� :����-� �=��/ ;� mU���N-� .����^ �D��E : k��H-� �=W���� ���^ �=!=N� ��NE "�\�g) xi�� �) ��-�� ��-� �=W�� � " ��zY��� �g) xi�� b �) kH-��

Page 189: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

164

��^ Í#!�� #@�( : �( me) ��1) "�=���E �1��4) m�³ ��gb �� ��N-� "��^ m��� �4 m³ �4 �=@ K���R� +;^ �=�;^ �4� K���wRy� ��=��y�;y�^ �4y� ��ZE .�=��?� ��@ "#�R�;4 �=�;^ �4 �)")«�(.

<�����N %����i O����/S 2� ��"#���R�-�� �����-�� k���H-�� < ���H-� " �����R! ��� �����g�� <����8 [-� =�� ¹=F=-� �() <��N-� º/4 ]}� <��N-�#R�.

1=��4 �� �=R��: º/µ ÊAS 6!A :n� ;-B�� ��°�)«�(. 0���Sb�� k�H-� _�sS ��4 <U �H-� =� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� �=�? [ kH-�� 6 H-��

6- <�£;$b�� �3� <�d1 �4 j�> ¤�;-�� �� �$ |�E 6S=�?� 6^�� [. 6-= ^ [ ??�-� =��. {�i�� �UE�" : ~�4 =� Kb+g �) K�4�g 6!=@ �R�;�")«�(

��@� #R�-� �F �eA n� ;-B�� kH-�� 6 H-� <��N- <�=a�-� ��1�/;-� �Z� �4 ¯;�;,� [ ����$b� l��-� �=��? '����) m�) �4 ��@�"m�$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� �=�? [ �=NH� n��-�

� �,g 0=�$A �=NH-�� n� ;-b�� J�U H-� �Z� ?1 1�=3� 0=�$) 1=4) [ |� �4 M@ <�7�S<����-�� �=��-� .

� �����@-� n�����-� m�����y/��� m����$� 6������ 2� ������ 2� �=���$ � ����3� G1�=3���� 0�=���.-� jE������ 6���� 2� ���� l��-� 6��� �=-A�,� � �4) [ �=N�H� <�7�.-� ���NE mU���- �i=S p-� J�U H-�

�=��-� �� ���.�- 4&� ��_s� � � 4) [ �=NH� �^ %���&� �4)� "m�$� . ��s�� M� $ ��� �4 4) [ <�7.-� J�U ( �4AE: y��y "y�yv��y�� w�y) v�y� : v�� w4 rn��y! y%�� yi

y) ��=�-yAy,yE "ym��y$y� w6v�y�y� �2� ���y� � wl��-� w0�y7v� : "w6w ym�� yNy;y�� v�y) �y! ��ygy) �my��y/y�;y�� �y4 �y� w,�Wv�!y) w[ ��wy� ��!w� y��y :»Í��=��» v�yiy� v�y y� «�=�-�y : y��y "vmy/y�! :» w��y> wvB� �x�wy� y��y:«)«�(.

� 2� ��� l�-� �� ��UE m�$� 6��6 ( h�� <�7.-� mÂ=��^ [ ����¢ m�e& mU��1�<�!�T���H-� n����$=-� 2� �=��gO���/S� �1��� S � "�� m�}��I) �A ���4 n����$=-� �Z��� mN;����@!���>�mN

�-�°� mN. %���&�� ���!�/�� J�U ( �4)� : ��� l�-� h� S� �� ��=���� ���.� �=!�@ meDE

-� ��_s�E m�$� 6��� 2� J�4��b� �4 h�=!A <�7.-� ����-� �=�U;�� �Y�R3� �= �R�� J�U H m�,4� �1�� -� ���1 �4 k-: ��s4: y<y4�y$�) �� w�v "u�v�y] ��y) � wl��-� ���y� �6��-� w6v�y�y� ym��y$y� yVw@y1

"�K1� wÓ w6v�y�y� " r'�y@w� �6;vy§ r<yW�wTy "r<��w@y�yE y'y?v1y)y� ��y%�y1y� y<y4� y$�) y�v "u�v�y] y=��y� �?=�/y�� y�v/y$ y�v y�y?�y �� w[

Page 190: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

165

wÅy Ð1� v3� w�v " wPy1vzyv°� ykw-y:y� yMv y�^ w<y/v�^y� u1 v�y �Ìyg �y4 w[ u®w�vy� w6�wE r±y+vIy) y�w4 y#w�w� v,��v-� " y#w@w vH��v-�y� w� y�y y� " w��y v�y&� Gw?=�Uy��v-�y� y� vmwU�wE ��v y� w2� ��v Üy��) ��v y�=��y$ w[y� w®w� v£y�v-� ��v y� w2� ��v

"y<yg�y�y1 ���y�y�E w�y� wHy� y®w� v£y�v-� �< yi�y£y� "w<�� ��-� y�yß ��v y� w2� ��v Üy��) �6yWv�!y) "w6wY�y?ww ��� y��y : yb ����� ya��S

�y� v��y�y� ym��y,yE �mwUv�y�y� L wl��-� ���y� �6��-� w6v�y�y� "ym��y$y� ��� y�y y� y�yzy��y�E vm���y�y�yE yOw� w2� y)yy�^y� �mwUv�y�y� y�8v�Rv-� y��yRy�E ��v y� w2� ��v Üy��) ��v y�=��y$ :�yUL��y) �%vy�v-� yb y�y, vgy) v�w4 "� yZ� v�w� y��y@ �y4 ��=�Ry�S "�ÕRyg y+yE �y!w:v|��S

w[ "�y� w,w-�yy� vj wiv1�y� yOw� " ykw� vgy1 v�y�yE y�y%�yi ��� w4 ��.v �yE y��y 6v�y�y� ��v� y< yg�y�y1 :�y� yHv�� w[ "�y� w,w-�yy� ��!wDyE LVw� ykw-y: LVy; v$�yE y�=��w� v,��v-� y�=�@w vH��v-�y� �?=�Uy��v-�y� �Ìyg �=Ly\ v�y) �y=y�;y��G�=� y�` vmy�y�E w�yzy�� L wl��-� ���y� �6��-� w6v�y�y� ym��y$y� vm�U���Wy�Û ��� yVw@y1 �6y;���y? �Ìyg yMyIy? �y�y� w�v/y$ w�v y�y?�y �� y��yRy�E : v�y) ��v/y$ vy~y)

vjy� v,yS �y4 y��y =�y) u0�y �g ���w�� y�v y� w2� y�v Üy��) y��y � yZ y@ � yZy@y� y��y ��v�� �6v�y� �y� y�=�$y1 w2� " vxyWv��y� w2�y=y�E v�yRy- y��yTv�y) �2� �wZ�-� " y��yTv�y) w�yRy-y� yxy�yTv�� �M v�y) w�wZ� w�y v7y v-� �y�y� v�y) ��=�i�=y�;���

�6y!=� �.y/�yE w<y�y.w/v-�w ���y�y�E �?y1 �2� ykw-y: ��yv3�w �wZ�-� " y��yTv�y) y­wy( " ykw-Zw ykw-ZyE yMy/y�E w6w �y4 y�v�y)y1 �yW/yE �6v�y� L wl��-� ���y� �6��-� w6v�y�y� ym��y$y�

)«�(. ���WI)� ���T) ���4) "K������ m���$� 6����� 2� ����� 6�7���) ���4 ����@ �) ��� 2� ��� � ��

��� �1�µ 6Ui� �ß ��· "1�=3� �Z� [ J�U H-� ��E "�W@ 6�,W! f��)� m��$� 6���� 2� � #@��H��� "1���.!&� ���/ ®���c� [ ����@� m���$� 6����� 2� ����� �=��$-� ���4 M��i) � m���) 6��!A@ ��?��@� m��$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� %�?-� 0=�$&� �Z� �=��7;� b �=!�@ 1�.!&�� "��I���

�ANE"#RE���� ®�Y1 M ^ �4 n�1�4 N�� �ZUE "�=�S�R;� �) n���-� ���:) [ kH-� _s� �E���� O� V���:� ����RE "����I�� #��� 6���� ]����;4� b� �?���� M��i@ M��i1 m���$� 6����� 2� ����� 6��!A %�������&� �����@ �Z����N� "6���,W� k����SA� k����S1��] ?�1) �����E ������/;S b� k����!�N4 ®����i� �) k����g1

U ���H-� j���E?� 6�=���H;-� �Z���� <���-�]� �=��� �-� 1�=���3� [� �������-� �=���i� �=�=���H� M��� ^ ����4 J_���`) p���-� <��/-� .

2 �!�� ��� l�-� ��� �4 �^�=��� ��g&� <����� <�g-� �+I �4 M�=S �g� -� ��

O� m�$� 6��� 2�-�<�-�;-� ¯Y�;�:

Page 191: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

166

�=���-� =��� o�,�Y-� '��³� [ .7�S �1�;��� m�$� 6��� 2� ��� l�-� J�1�=g �� ���������Yzi j������5 j�����4 2� O� 6�����S=�? �+�����I '������³� �Z������ �������� z�����@� �) <���������-� ��/E"�e�|�����(�

V ����- ��!�` :o�� <�S�� '���&� o,�Y-� '�³� �+I �4 ���;� : "��1�U��� �3� ­�Rg�

� "<£3� <4�^��'1�/;-� j�E?� "���Rs;-�� m���/;-�� <���-��1��q� j�4 ��T�-�� <� q�� "��1��q� #J�U H-�.

K���s-�`:�� ���4 "m����3� �����.-� j��4 1�=��3� 1����� ����@ ����/-� ���() j��4 1�=��3� m;��� �) ���N� ��U/-� [ ?=�U�-� j�4� "o�N�� ��U/-� [ ����!�/�� j�4 1�=3�� m��$� 6���� 2� ��� l�-� *�^ ��@

�?b�)� 6i��])� 6Y�^) � 6�7�) #� 6�� J1�? p-� J�1�=3� j4 "{���. K���/�1 :� #�� 1�=��3� ����;Û <��$�1?� V�� ����- <���,W�-� <��-�3� <��E/4 *z���E f��I)� <��WY

< �T-� ��à 1�=3� Ê|� ��� ��E "1�=3� [ %� -� M ^ ��=g&�. K�,4�I : n��!) ��4 #�;�E #� ��/� M^&� ��� V ���� �4 V ���� 0R� 1�=3� ��

���3� K�:� "�����-� %=���$� <��������� O� o���U;��� �=����,-�� ���NW-� [ ����/ -� V ���,� <���W��� �?|���� 1�=�=��-� MY�$� m�) �4 <��$� o�� "#ET-� # V�R;-�.

K�$?�$ : ���1�;I� p�-� <�4��,-� '����&� m�=��? �+�I �=��;U� �) 2� O� ����-� ���0�=s-�� �3� O� �=�=�- "6S=�? [ m�$� 6��� 2� ��� Ã�°� l�-�.

�;4� � 6R�E=S ��� K�I8� Kb�) 2 ��3�� ����� #��/-� 01 2 ��3� �) �!�=�?I)� 6!�#/5) 6 7�� 6-8 ���� 2� � � � ��� �� � g� �!b=4� �!��$ ��� 2�.

Page 192: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

167

الھوامش

� Ò "�?�8 ]�_W-� 1=g �?�4 "��q� n=4�R-�. � Ò {� ���H-� ���$) ��� �+��� ��� M�� �g ��� ����� ��� ���Ó) 2� ��� � =��)" M�� �g ��� ���Ó) *��4B�)á=��;�� :������� (

���,��:�´¥©� ���Rq� : ±�|��!1&� V�/�(Ò <-���$-� <�,$|4 ����I8� "��(4 �?���� "O�&� <��/ T-����� ��Ò �´´�*.

� Ò ���� ����Ó) "o4=����W-�_������ ¹� ���.�� "����R�� o����� ���� ������:�/�©´ "������ Á����H-� ����$=� �����R§ � <���$�1? "<�./-� < ;N��.

� Ò 0/-� ��,- �.�� oR�E&� *N4 � ���"1=��4 �� :�� /���. � Ò ����� ��� #��,3� m��$�R-� =��) "{�UW���&� V����1)á=��;�� :�´����� ("�8��R-� V���� [ J�?��W���¡� 1�? "

"J�_ �H4? <�4�H-� 1��-� "m�R-�</ T-� : O�&�������. ¡ Ò �UN-� �1=$ "�© :��Ò�¥. ¥ Ò �1���.!&� ¹��E ��� ��N �) ��� ���Ó) ��� ����� 2� ��� � =��) "l ��R-� *���Ng& j4����� �����-� ®��À o��i1z°�

�8R-� :�´/�´�<N���� "¶��-� "V;N-� ~�� 1�? " <�?=/,-� <�/-� </ T-� :���� �� /�´´� *. © Ò <-?�c� �1=$ "�© :�. « Ò "l R-� �8R-� *�Ng& j4���: �¥/�¥´.

�´ Ò ��+7�-�" �U �-�$)� <�4+$B� <��-� �=�) " �Ó-�� �: �´¡ <�!�s-� </ T-� "" " NW-� 1�?�««� * �� Ò �!� 0/-� ��,- Á,! j�5 [ J�i� �ZN� :0/-� ��,- " 1=��4 �� :��/�´�. �� Ò 0/-� ��,- " 1=��4 �� :��/�´�. �� Ò ��q� n=4�R-� "�?�8 ]�_W-�:�/:«�¥. �� Ò � "�����'�d-� � � ���" ���1�/;-� J��U4 ��� �� =;-:�/��¡ , NW-� 1�?Ò J�_� ,��H4? <�/ T-�

" O�&����´â. �� Ò "{������i�� o������� ������ �������� ������ o��������"J������W�/;-:�/�´� ������/-� 0������;N-� 1�?– J�_" " O�&� <�����/ T-�

��´�â. �¡ Ò %��������R -� =��������"o4=WN-�Å��������,3� ��������$=4 �������� 0=��������) " ­��������W-�� J�7�T�������.�� [ m�������£/4 J����������N-� 0��������;@

<�=a�-�:�/��� <-�$-� <,$|4" J�_"���« ��Ò �««©* . �¥ Ò �1=$J= N�/-� "�«: �¡.

Page 193: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

168

�© Ò �1=$E�� "�´: �"�. �« Ò � �1=$�R - "� :�«¥. �´ Ò "�WT.4 m������$=-� m£/��: �/«��. �� Ò 0/-� ��,- "1=��4 ��: �/��« . �� Ò K���) "�/��¥. �� Ò �=!�U;�- *=�/-�� �=�W-� J�g+T�� '�H@<�4�H-� < ;N�� ". �� Ò J�W�/;-� "{�i��:�/�«©. �� Ò " ��� �Ó� ��� H-� M�.W;�- ji�1*�/!&� �1=$ %=F [ {8R-� 1�=3� :�/�i"�]&� </4�.

�¡ Ò <�= �-� �_,-� "k�� � � � "*�H� �� :�¡/�¡ J�_ NW-� 1�? ". �¥ Ò "K���) �¡/�«�. �© Ò �$=� �1=$ "��: �´©. �« Ò J��1�Z-� �1=$ "�� :�¡. �´ Ò �R -� �1=$ "�: �´©. �� Ò *�/!&� �1=$ "¡: �¡�. ��Ò ��� 2� � � =) " �1�� -� � "M���¦� j4��� ��,�� x�7.-� .;��� �4 1=4) �=�$1 2� ���� 2� 6����

m������$� 6�������$� "6�����4��)� �������R§ " �������� _������] ������ �������! m����� 1 mg�����-� <������� 0������ "0?&� 0������;@" "��������-������3�:�«©�1�? " ­=�� ����£�-� <��/ T-� :"O�&� ���� ���� . �0���y "����>B� 0�;@"x�7��.-� j4���"m���,4

w��y�y� w��y> wvB� �wZ�-� �MyI v��� w6w "y<��yv�� ��y)y� v�y4 yk�,yy» �ywµ yw4�) w6w yMyIy? ���3� m 1 "y<��yv��:��.

��Ò 0�;@ "x�7.-� j4���"�1�� -� ��:&� w�y?�y� wB�w �6y�=�@�1 Lmw;�� yb �wZ�-� ym�� y$y� w6v�y�y� �2� ���y� � wl��-� wv4y) �0�y m� 1 "���3�:¥«� "�+.-� 0�;@ "m�,4 "�y�w w0=��i�� �0��y yby� "y<�yw§�yWv-� w�� w,v�Q vy~ �y:w� �6��!w�y� "u<�y/ v@y1 �M��@ w[ w<�yw§�yWv-� w�y%

� y�wv_y� v�w4 �6y- y�,y�y�S �y4 y)yy� � yU��L�y/y�S �6y�yNv4y)���3� m 1 ":��.

��Ò mU ���;@ <���$�1? Vg����� � ����@ �Z���-� =���� 6���!& 6����-� V���,! ?=���U�-� _��� @ =���UE n�1������ ����� ���£g ����� �=���R� �) M� � "��%�^ :��1=;-� 6�E )RS �Z-� �� -� :�1� -� x;E "{+R,/-� £g ��:��/��©.

��Ò 0���;@ "x�7��.-� j4�����"�1�� -� "����@B� w�wv_��y�y� ����y3� w[ "w�w=��vy y� w�y�� vN��� wj��v�y� w[ �0���y�����3� m�� 1 ":¡«�� "

"_,-�� ?�U�� 0�;@ "m�,4 �Uy��v-� w% y+viw� �0�y w]� y£wv3� y�w4 w?=���3� m 1 ":��.

�¡Ò x��.�� ��NH4 ¹( "l�T-�:©/�¡«�.

Page 194: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

169

�¥Ò "_�,-�� ?�U�� 0�;@ "x�7.-� j4��� "m�,4 w0�y?¿�w vm������w� w6w;��� w�y�y� " wÐ=��/�� v-� ��y�y� y%�y�y4� v&� w*��y4 wvB� w_w4vA�yS �0��y� y�wv_y�y� w�vzyav-����3� m 1 ":�.

�©Ò ��� -� "_��,-�� ?���U�� 0�;@"x�7��.-� j4����� "�1� w*y+�� v$wB� yOw� yn�����-� ym���� y$y� w6��v�y�y� �2� �����y� � wl����-� w%���y��? �0���y w6����-� w���? v��� w4 ���K�yv1y) ���K�v/y� vm�U����v/y� yZ�� w��;y�� yb v�y)y� "w��=���� L�-�y������3� m�� 1 ":�«��" m���,4 x�7��� "m���,4" "

MY��E 0�;@ "<�7.-� �6v�y� �2� yowFy1 uVw-�y w�y) w�v �ow�y� wMwY�y�yE v�w4 �0�y ���3� m 1 " :��.

�«Ò M.E "0/-� ��,- "1=��4 ��:­ ­ ¹.

�´Ò Å�����-�" f_�3� ��/���$ ���� ��=���H!"����Rq� :1=;@����-� �����/-� 2� ���� � ���� #���,g"{�����1B� o����� ���� ���UT4" 1=;@����-� 2� ����� � ������� �����$=�" *=�����N-� �����4 0����/-� *+���@ %��?� *=�����/-� ®����À: M����.E : �����Rg:�/��«�"

</ T-� : NW-� 1�? "O�&�) �H4?Ò <�1=$ (���´ ��Ò �««« *.

��Ò "��W!&� �1=$©:©. ��Ò 1=;@��-� ���� �����3� �� � 1���;X ���Ó))á=��;�� :������� (M��� ����E ������,µ"�����/�� <���/-� <��a�-� m£/4 "

�Rg M.E :�/��´" V;N-� ~��" </ T-� : "O�&����« ��Ò �´´© *.

��Ò �=��a -�" ?=/��,4 ��� #��,3� ����� =��))á=��;��:��´����(" �8R-� _��,WS [ M���z�;-� ~���/4" ����� 6��s�?�g) 6��RRg ����-� 2� ��� � � <�_���F <��/5 �����s� �²��3� m���,4 �������$ :����W!&� �1=��$ _��,WS "© :©" ��H��- <�� � 1�?

j�]=;-��"</ T-� : "</�-����¥ ���««¥ *.

��Ò ���HXz-�" M���z�;-� �4�=��� �Y���Rg ���� '���HN-� " 2� 1���i ���Ó) ��� ����� ��� ?=���� m��$�R-� =��) : _��,WS "��W!&� �1=$©: «"©" </ T-� :<s-�s-�"J�_ �/-� 0�;N-� 1�?Ò ��´¥ â �

��Ò "M �g �� ��Rq� {� ��H-� �$) � �+� � M �g � ��� � �Ó) 2� � � =) : ±�|�!1&� V�/�(" �?�������I8� "���(4" M �g ��� ���Ó) *���4B� ����,4�?���;^ �) ����,4 "1���.!&� �����g <���;S":��¡´¡" <��,$|4

<-�$-�"</ T-� : "O�&����� ��Ò �´´� *.

�¡Ò �� J�?�/��,-� =��) �����-� ���� _��`&� ���� �1z���� {� ���H-� ���N-� ��� � ���� ����� ��� ����� ��� ����� ��� �1��� )á=��;�� :¡´¡���� (��`&�� �����3� V���� [ <����U�-� "����R§ : f��z��-� ���Ó) ���� �og��T-� ����� ?=���� 0���"

�Rg :�/���"(��-� : <���/-� < ;N��Ò "J�_��«« ��Ò �«¥«*.

�¥Ò ���� �8 �1=$ "�: ��´.

�© Ò �1��� -� _��,W;-� 0���;@" w6��w- v=y� �0���y :����K��=y�S y���� y@ �6���!w� ��vwWvay�;�� v$�y� yk���y1 w��� v�y w· vx� �� y,yE�����3� m�� 1"   :�«¥� " "��>B� 0�;@ "m�,4� yO�y/y�S w6w-v=y�^ w[ r0�y :� y#wyv� y v&� ykySy_ wHy� v1wZv!y)y�  ���3� m 1:���.

�« Ò <=;-� �1=$ "« :��" �1=$� x;W-� "�©: �©�.-� �1=$� " "¡�: «.

Page 195: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

170

�´ Ò "�}T-��8R-� M��AS [ ��� -� j4�i :<=;-� �1=$ _,WS:�� �� Ò 0�zg&� �1=$ "�� :�¡"��. ��Ò ��Y��� �1=$ "� :¡¥.

��Ò ?=� �1=$ "��: �´´.

��Ò H3� �1=$ "�«: �.

��Ò 4z-� �1=$"�«: «.

�¡Ò Ô�UW���&� V����-�" ������ ��� #���,3� m��$�R-� =���)" )á=��;�� :�´������ (�8R-� V����� [ J�?��W�� *=���^ 0���":�/¡«´������R§ ": �?�������-� ��!������ ��=W�����" "<����/ T-� : O�&�Ò ���� <�4�����H-� 1������-� "m�����R-� 1�? ������"

J�_ �H4?.

�¥Ò ?=� �1=$"�� :�´´.

�©Ò %�,�-� �1=$ "�: ��.

�«Ò f1=H-� �1=$ "��: ��.

¡´Ò ?=/�,-� =�)�?���/-�" �WT�.4 �� ���� ��� ����)á=�;�� :«©�����(" 0���;N-� ����z4 O� m���,-� M�R/-� ?��(1��N-�f1=H-� �1=$ _,WS " "��: �� �/-� Ð��-� %��g� 1�?Ò J�_:��.

¡�Ò *�/!&� �1=$ "¡: ��«.

¡�Ò f1=H-� �1=$ "��: ��.

¡�Ò f1=H-� �1=$:��.

¡�Ò J�?W�� "{�UW�&��8R-� V�� [:�/��«.

¡�Ò f1=H-� �1=$ "��: �¡.

¡¡Ò f1=H-� �1=$ "��: ��.

¡¥Ò K���).

¡©Ò {���i��" ����H-� ��z��-� o���� ��� ����� ��� o����)á=��;�� :©�¡���� (J���W�/;-�:�/©�"<�����/-� V��;N-� 1�?" </ T-� :O�&�" ��´� ��Ò�«©� J�_ *–��� -.

¡«Ò �]���-�" ���� ��� ����� 2� ��� � =��) ���-� V���TI �����-� ���W V��R��� �]���-� o����;-� #��,3� ��� ���,3� ���)á=;�� :¡´¡��(" V�a-� x�S�W4 '�/��_ N-� _,W;-��R -� �1=$ _,WS ":��´"��«" <�/ T-� : <�s-�s-�"

���´ ��" �/-� Ð��-� %��g� 1�?– J�_.

¥´Ò %�$B� �1=$ "�¥: ��.

Page 196: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

171

¥�Ò k��� �1=$ "¡¥: «"©.

¥�Ò %�$B� �1=$ _,WS "m��/-� �8R-� _,WS "_s@ ��:��.

¥�Ò f1=H-� �1=$ "��: �©.

¥�Ò `��� �1=$"¥� :�"�.

¥�Ò %�/H-� �1=$ "�¡ :�.

¥¡Ò �UN-� �1=$ "�© :¡.

¥¥Ò �W-� �1=$ "�� :©.

¥©Ò "M7�-� �1=$�¡: ��¥.

¥«Ò %�/H-� �1=$ "�¡ :�.

©´Ò "_s@ ����� � M���¦� %��W-� =) oR�H4�-� � ��. -� o�(R-� _�s@ ��)á=�;�� :¥¥����(" �8�R-� _�,WSm��/-�"�Rq� :<4+$ ��� � o4�$ �UN-� �1=$ _,WS " :<�8:¡"j�]=;-�� �H��- < � 1�?"<�/ T-� : <��!�s-�

���´ ��Ò �««« *.

©�Ò �]�-� ���-� �E" V�R��� �]��-� o���;-� #�,3� �� ��,3� �� ��� �� ���� 2� � � =))á=�;�� :¡´¡��� ( V������a-� x�S������W4 '������/��_����� N-� _�����,W;-� :<������8 ������UN-� �1=�����$ _�����,WS:¡":" ������/-� Ð�������-� %�������g� 1�?–

J�_"</ T-� : <s-�s-�Ò ���´ ��.

©�Ò "�8R-� _��,WS 0���;@ "x�7��.-� j4����� "�1���� -� �0���y� yk���y1 v��� w4 yk��v�y-w� y�wz��v!�) ���y4 vÄ����y� ��=���$�-� ��� yUL��y) ���y�  m�� 1���3�:�¡��.

©�Ò 0�;@ "x�7.-� j4��� "�1�� -� "�]�a�� 0� <£g ����3� m 1 h�?=-� :��´¡ "m��,4 x�7�� "m��,4" wJ�y��������-�y� w¾�����y.wRv-�y� y#ww1������ y7��v-�y� w<y4����� y,yRv-� �0�����y;w@" w��y=���� v4y v&�y� w¶�y�����v�y v&�y� w%�y4������-� w�w�����vy§ wÖ�����w�vay�S �0�����y m����� 1 "

���3�:�« .

©�Ò K���).

©�Ò "1=�-� �1=$�� :�¡.

©¡Ò m���� �1=$ "�� :�.

©¥Ò ���3� m 1 "N ¹�N! 0� 7;$� 0�"h�F-� 0�;@"x�7.-� j4��� " m�,4:�¥.

©©Ò 0��;@ "x�7�.-� j4��� "�1�� -� "­�� -� 0�� ���@ ����3� m� 1 �H3� :¡��© m��,4 x�7�� "m��,4" w<��yv�� wM v�y) y�v.w! w<�4� v&� w�wZy� w�v=y@ �0�y ���3� m 1 ":�¥¥ . ����3� �Z�� �@: o^� -�� � ?�|E ��� Á�H-�

0� [0�Z�� b� 0��,g _a <��� #��,�� �4 �Y�= �=I? ��� M�-�-� :"��� ���i���� |�-|�-� j�i�1 �����H-� 6��� �WS��4:�/�����3� m 1 ":���.

Page 197: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

172

©«Ò ���3� m 1 "m��-� �§ 0� "0�?��� <�.-�� }-� 0�;@ "x�7.-� j4��� "m�,4:�«.

«´Ò %�,�-� �1=$ "�: ��¥.

«�Ò "�HXz-�M�z�;-� �4�=� �Y�Rg �� '�HN-� %�,�-� �1=$ _,WS ":��¥.

«�Ò 0� "0/-� ��,- " 1=��4 �� :6 (.

«�Ò #H-� 0� "J�W�/;-� "{�i��:�/���.

«�Ò "�������>B� 0�;@"x�7�����.-� j4�������� "m������,4�y�y������ yiy� v������y4 �6������-=�Ry�� ������ y4y� w�������y> wvB� w[ w<����� y$y= v$y=v-� w�������y�y� �0������y m����� 1 "���3�:�´«.

«� Ò "x�7��.-� j4����� "�1���� -���Z�;��$b� 0�;@" #@��H��� #����,�� ���4 ±+��I) 6���E ®���� [ m����,;-� 0��� "���3� m 1:��¥¡"_,-�� ?�U�� 0�;@"x�7.-� j4��� "m�,4 " ym��� y$y� w6v�y�y� �2� ���y� � wl��-� w%�y��? w[ r0�y

y#wRwE�y���v-� fy:y) �y�y� w�wv}y�y� "w2� yOw� ���3� m 1 ":��¡.

Page 198: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

173

������� ��� ��� ������� ������� �� ������� ���� )������ � ��(

Jurist’s Views on Conflict & Preference amongst the

Islamic Legal Evidences; An Analytical Study

��� ��� ��� � * ���� ��� ����**

Abstract

Conflicts and preferences amongst Islamic legal evidences

is one of the scholarly, investigative and principled subjects. In

fact there is absolutely no conflict among Islamic legal evidences

but apparently reader finds conflicts. It is because of little

awareness about history, context and debate of abrogating of

revelation. These apparent conflicts cease with the insight and

knowledge of the above mentioned aspects of revelation.

Mujtahid should be equipped with the ways to handle the

apparent conflicts among the Islamic legal evidences and he

should be cognizant of the principles with which he could prefer

one evidence to other.

Islamic scholars have compiled principles of conflict and

preference among legal evidences and removed the apparent

conflicts through rational and literary arguments. Many books

have been written on the topic.

In this brief article I have described the concept, elements

and conditions of conflict. This essay also encompasses different

angles of removing these conflicts in the light of the principles

established by jurisprudents and mujtahids. In the other discourse

of article, status and conditions of preference have been discussed

in accordance with the sayings of mujtahids and some examples

have also been presented.

_______________________________ * ���� � ���� !" � #!�$ %��&'� (�)*�+ ,��� +,�-.)/� 0�)��� �)23� � 456( ,�-.)/� ,8-�9� +

'�8 �,�+ �.): ��!��$ +;�$�. **�=�>�+,�-.)/� 0�)��� � #!�$ + ,��� ?@A � +,�-B�� ��!��$ +C�@A ��� +C�-.

Page 199: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

174

��"�#$�

D$ E�F .�� DG@-� +���A � D��� ��!H/� ��I� +��J�" � 4EH6 CK � L ���� M�� 4.N �� ��� ?$���� � C�O .P@ � M�� �.! �� Q.R �� ��� S-*� T)�6 CK �

+��9�� UH/� V: W8A'� ��!� � XR�Y$ �#Z�6 ��O[ �+ � \�A�+2]� � D � M�������*� Q;�� � D$�G56�+ 2)�>�� ,��[ �� ,^.A � C�(/����!�+ _ ,-*� `���� M���

��-a T� �8$�b � ���8 � cGA �$ Q�3�9� Q de�� ,�f'� 0��='� 2- X�gh �� i��8 � �j

,N�"!'� ,���8 � ,)��� �� .� A� .kl �.)/� `���� Tkl� .,��8- �* ��; ���� C���= �-6 , ;*� ?$ X�gh �� i��8 ���A3 , ;*� ?$ i��8 �� +�fm� �O�Z � _

i��8 � \A)� +,83�& � _ i��8n o (: +������ ��-6 U� � +�fm�� ,A!@ �$ \!G�D3���� S��& � #B�� T�H ,�3�� V: �6 +�po �- q@n� ,�$�8 � ,k� � ,8�A� V: �-: �r��.

st u�B � ���� �$ ��83 �- ,fg 2- ���� � ���� !" � `���� D)�; �� ��@�"���� � TB&- " �6"wJ�@ �� x.I/� #O- ." �- ,fg 2- c3��� `���� D)�;�

y�� z3�& � c3���$ ��83 { ��@� st +|'�� �@! � ,fg 2- C6" :c3��� TB&- " �6"c3��� x.I: " �6" T3�Ync3��� "���� M�!- M�� ��dn �f�� 23��@8 � ~KO� .

,���Ad � C6 ,���8 � ,���@ � 2- ?� 5*�� ?��>�� `�f�" � 2- �� D)�;�. q=- _ cGA ��"X�gh �� i��8 � " �)� � q.�o� c��A � 2- SN�3

,� 5*� c��A'� \�^Y$ ,��� � D�R +D�" � 456 #�� c��A- M�� . o� cGA � �R�3 ���� !" � 456 �f@- +,�f- ��I6 ��8$ ,J.� D T$ +y�� D�" � 456 #�� M�� D��

D�" �� c3���� ���� � .... D T�B3 ��:� +zr�d � 2- `���8 � ��� D��8- V: �dN3�,��J� � ��8'� M�� �5�k � ��� 5*�� D�" �� c3��� ?$ �8-�9� ,�r*�.

�J� �!J,��I� ?�GA-� ,-��- _ cGA � �KO s� . M�� �� cGA- T��\ �d- ,8$�6 .cGA � ,dI� M�� ��� \�nh �:

�%"&$��

'�� (�)$�� : �������)������� +��,% ����- .���( 4�*� \�d'� : �,k i��8 � ���.d5��

Page 200: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

175

��� � \�d'� :i��8 � ����6 c �� � \�d'� :i��8 � ���l �$�� � \�d'� :i��8 � #B�

�/�0�� (�)$�� : ������)������� +��,% ����- .���( 4�*� \�d'� :��.d5�� ,k X�gh � ��� � \�d'� :X�gh � ���l c �� � \�d'� :X�gh � T� �$�� � \�d'� :Xg�� � T� � �$ T�8 �� +X�gh � #B� �� �$��1��23��/ (�)��.

��� DH: +cGA � �KO 4��� / ;�l� �� ;��! �� ��� � 4Y)6 L�� \�� \3�J0��� �. DA�A� M�� V�8n L� M�5� ?8�6 #�)� DAG5� D � M��� ���.

'�� (�)$�� : ������� '�� +�,$�� :�56,��� �7� ������� �7� �������

i���8 � : 4��3 T��"�� � ���$ � +T��"��n �a� M��� 2�- �O� ���Y�� ?@���� ?�$ ,����&'� M���,�n�� ��8'� 4� Dn;�- ���n� i�8 �:

89 �::���&$��: 4����3 :��=��8- ����& �$ ����& � i�����, . D��$�B$ ����� s��=���� +D���$�JC6 �3����A3 �6 ���=��83 �.���� D���$�J . ����� �.��! � D����� T��3[g �6 c3����� _�

����8 � D��=��� D��H6� ,@��) T��� _ ������ � D��=��83 ?n���-)�( ���*� 2��$� 4���J : ����� C6,�$��'� ,=��8'� 2- ���� � 2- 4EH �- ��� D)���3)�(.

;9 �0$��� <���=$��: 4��3 :Mn6 �- T�� D� : s�n6 �6 +�@5 �- T�� D=���)�(. >9 ��#?��� ��#@A�: 4��3 :V�8n D J� �fZ� Dn�f�6 �6 +i��Y� ��& � s=�� :

"����=���� �23������� �B��� �K�����-���3 �#�@�� �f�g ��@�� �=������".� `����" � 4���J :���O�Ha�$6 ���f� : ���ZH ������"B � .SO s=��6�6 +C 0�f�� +sH�A)�)B(.

C9 D::E$��� F�::G�/ H� :4����3 : ���@-� +\��RH� �6 +ih����� i���83 ����& � i���� ?B �������! � �������@� �������O � �������3�d �� �������f@ � _ ,A������R@'� ,A������&e�� �������=��� ��������5�

Page 201: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

176

�f�����))I(. V����8n D��� J D���@-�:¡ �����¢�����n�� ���£���� ��A��n ��6 �#¢B�H������F� �* �,����=��¢� �D����� � �����¢��8��¤ �o�� �� ��� �¥��@ � � �?��$ ��¢G���R¢n�� ¦#������ ¦����� ¢D§)¨( `���" � 2�� ,���) 4��J :4��3 : ���8¤ o

ih8'� ©8� ,=�8 � T8m� +���[n �6 #B �8H�- �=h8- L�$ z���)ª(. B9 C�;EA � �.)/� �«� ,�ro� U¬ 4�J� :,k ,=��8'� ©8- : T�A�) M��� ,�8H��'�

4��3 +,�$��'� :� �@-� �R$ ��A�)� C6 �K� �­: i��i��� �H�'� s�)®(. 6,�� ��������5

_ w��8$ ���- �f��N8$ ���"3 Q;���8- 0���"3�8$ i����8 � `���f�" �� �� ��5*� x������f��" 6 s"�I� � ©8'�� �f"'� .0�"3�8 � ~KO #O6 ��KH�:

� { x��� 4�J� i��8 � ­�Ek � ��-/�" ::wJ�@ � O i��8 � �6 #��")�¯(. � { S��!I�! � ����-/� D������D�� �$" :T�A��) M���� ����m�� T��$��n �(j��� ,��8H��'�� ,��8���'�

,=��8- s��")��(. � { DHY$ ���°� 2$� x����"`�NJ� �I�� MN�- ��� ?�� � � 2- T�")��(.

�/�0�� +�,$��: ������� J�K�- ��3� ��& � �f� : �@!3 ± � \H�9� ��6 O ,k� � _ 2�� �� +2�� �� ����*�

2�� �� +�²��& � ,���� `�Eg6 2- Eg)8>(. �-6� 2- Eg O� ~;g� M�� #B�� ;g� zJ3 �- f� ?� 5*� ³.d5� _ ���& � ,����)��(. �@ �� : �3 0���8$ xJ �� +Q.R � ����6 2- 2�� Q.R � _ ;m! �

´�� ����6 2- 2�� �)� �. S!I�! � ��-/� 4�J�" :?m�� T$��n f� 2�� � �-6 Dg� M�� ?3��!'�

0�A�/�� S"@ �� ,-���� T��� ��I*� DAgn �- �= ��f@- ���� T� \g3")�µ( . 4�J����& � ��-/�" :,8H��'� T�A) S�� ?�� � � T$��n O i��8 �")�¶(.

­� �� ���& �� S!I�! � ��-/� z3�8n 2- i��8 � ����6 KI·3 �: � { ¸ ?�$��- ?�� � � ��c� �� D�N�3 �- �= �¹��6 SN�3 i��8n .� +�I

2�� � �KO ��" ?���'� ?$.

Page 202: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

177

� { .� z5 �� 0�K � \!¸ �6 y�� 0�K � \!¸ ?3��!- ?m�� ��3º� +2�� � �KO ��" +�Z �� S8d� � ?$ ���*� �@� i��8n��� [I� ,�.

� { m� _ i��8 � �g3 o » ( ©8- +���Y� ?m�� ;g� �KO 0�" Q���� ,;�8 � O� 2�� �.

� { �6 +?��d � 2- `�) ?m�� ^ ?$ i��8 � U��� +?m� ?=��8'� �� �@� ��!G)�� ¥��J o� +?)��� � ?$ i��8 � a¼ .� +���� x��

,�8��& �� +,3�O�Z �. µ { : i��8n .� +��8"n�3 o� +��8�¼ o c�¸ ?=��8'� ?�� � � �� ?$ �(

2�� � �KO ��" ��f��"n�� �6 ��f���g� 2BF �- ?�� � �.

(��0�� +�,$��: ������� L��M ���& �$ o: q�& � , ;6 2- ?�� � � ?$ ��G3 o i��8 � �6 `���8 � w8$ ��3

,� � �: '�� L����: �I��� ���l T� �¹��6 �B3 �Y$ » (� +23;�N- �.� � � �B3 �6

�I½ ��3·- ��f@- T� �B3 T$ +#B�� _ ?�"- �.� � � ��� �(: i��83 o� +D-��D ���·-�)�¨(.

�/�0�� L����: ?�� � � ?$ �(: i��8n .� +Q� � _ ?=��8'� ?�� � � ?$ Q���!'� _ ?"�«'��I�� M�� C� � Xgh3 c�� +;��*�� �n�'�� Q� � . D��hl� V: \O(

,3�3E � 2-� +S!I�! �� +C��@" �� +C��«A �� +,�"@�� �f� #f@- +?� 5*� 2- ,���#O � ���& �)�ª(. (��0�� L����: ?$ ��G3 o _�@ �� ;�N � �* +���� T� _ ?�� � � T$��n �B3 �6

& �?�� _ ?��)�®(. D����� L����: DH* +2-E � ;�t� 2- �$o C6 +���� sJ� _ ?�� � � T$��n �B3 �6

i��8 � M"H� 2-E � z�I�)�¯(. N%�1�� L����: ?AOK- V: » ( _ �� 5*� z�I� +?���@'� ?$ ��9� ��B-: ���

�¹�:

Page 203: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

178

'�� +OP$��: +D��hl� V: #O � \g��� 2$�� +�N8 �� +?� 5*� 2- ,��� \O( 2�� � O CK � ���� � �j� +��f@�$ ��9� ��B-: 2� �a�h�� +��f@�$ ��9� ��B-: ��8$ C6

��9� ��B-: �@� y�!3 ,=��8'� _)��(. �/�0�� +OP$��: �" �.�: 2-� +?����@�'� ?$ ��9� V: �f�9� \O( M�� i��8 �

�=��8n ��f@�$ ��9� 2BF ?�� ; ?$ _�@ � ��A��� » ( ��hl� ��� V: �KO T�- . D� :�#O � CE3[ �� ¾��� -6 2$�� ���°� 2$� ��-/� 4�-.

`���8 � �*� +��f��� DJ.�: _ x�� �KO� +?=��8'� Q�5 ��p�5 �* » (� ��9�� +��f@�$ ��9� � �����f��� i��8 � ����6 #¿*� +?=��8'� ?$ �B3 ��:)��(.

O6 ­5*� i��8 � �6 O� +�I� x.I M�� �A- x.e� �6 �fZ3 CK �� 4�E3 ��9�$ DH* +��9� ��B-: ��� �h&3 4�*� M�8� ÀC�5 �6 S���� i��8n

� _ i��8 � ��� M�� T� ; ��9� ��B-: �* +,���� x.Io� M��� +������@���� �J��KO �h&3 o ��� �)��(. Q�=�� L����: 2�����8dJ ?=��8'� �� ��� : 2- ?8H�'� ���� ,�8��& � �f� 4�J

2�����8d� � ?$ i��8 � �B3 o �6 ,�-�-/� w8$� 2�����8d� � ?$ i��8 �)��(. �6 2BF ,�8��& � 2- ­�Ek �� Ca�� � ��-/� �@�� +2�����8d� � ?$ i��8 � �B3

��f@�$ X�gh � C�¼ o 2B �. X�gh � ��f@�$ ��3� +2�����8d� � ?$ i��8 � �B3 �6 2BF ,�"@�� �@� 2B �

0��@Z � ?$ i��8 � �² ���3 ± � 0�de�$ D8�� #3�)�µ(. @3 Á� +i��8 � ��d- V: ���ZH ���& � ��hl� �- �@� `oO �Y� V: ���Z

,���& � , ;*� _ ,=��8'� �6 �����3 #f�� ?� 5*� �j� +,���& � ÂR@ � ?$ i��8 �,����� ,=��8- s!� � ,3�5 ,=��8-.

,�r*� U¬ 4�3" : ��f@�$ ��3 o ,@! �� ��B � 2- ,���& � ´m�� �Y$ #��:83 L�� +Em8 � 0���-6 2- » ( �* +�8=� wJ�@ �� i��8 � ��:� +D$ z53 �6 2� V�

�6 ��n o6 +Ã!@'�� Ä)�@ � ?$ E��� � �@��� D$ �K83 DHj� +Ä3�� �$ �@�f9 i��8 � ��3 2B � Dg ,=��8'� ��n o Ä3�� �$ #�8 � �@������ Ä)�H �IY'�")�¶(.

D����� +�,$�� :������� RS5 , ;*� ?$ i��8 � 2BF o �6 �A) ���� 0��( +�-*� U"H� �J� � _ ,���& �

Page 204: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

179

_ 2B � �fÅ� �ZH \!¸ i��8 � �fZ3 ����*� w8$ . _ `���8 � zJ- O �- �(: Ài��8 � #B� z�I� +,"�«'� \O�K'� ����I�� +?�� � � i��8n #B� _ `���8 �

Q�f&- \O�K- ,�.� 2B �. '�� +OP$�� :��#$T�� +OP%)�¨(

�f�9 O�� �J +#f8- 2-� ,�$�@��� ,�8��& �� ,�B �'� 2- `���8 � : ��; �:,�n�� ,An�'� 0 �de� \!� �B3 ,���& � , ;*� ?$ i��8 �:

��#$T�� "E� ������� D�� U��,V '��: ?=��8'� ?�� � � ?$ ��9� : �¹��6 ���): 2- V�6 ��² T�8 � �6 c��

T� _ T5*� �* +,��B �$ 4���/� O ��f@- ���� : �.� � � �B3 �6 ?$ ��� o� ��5�I �I��� ��-�� �¹��6 �6 +?5�I �6 ?-�� ��=��8'�.

�/�0��: ?$ ��9� �K8n �@� » (� +�I�� ,=��8- M�� �¹��6 T�N"n C6 +X�gh ���9� ��B-: ��� �@� X�gh � ��Æ �fÅ�� +?=��8'�)�ª(.

(��0��: �Z@�� +?=��8'� ?�� � � ?$ X�gh �� ��9� �fÅ� M�� �K8n �: +Ä!@ � ;��� �R3 o DH: c�� +���'� �IY'� Ä!@3 K�@�G� D��� �j� +��fÆ��n _ �fÅ�

���� sJ� _ #�B�� q��& � 2- ?=��8'� ?�� � �. D�����: n �@� » (� +?=��8'� ?�� � � ��!$ #B�� ��B-: ��� �- Ä3�� � ,��8- �K8

^ ?�� � � �Y� #f"3� +,��5*� Q`�[ � V: qg� � �B3 Ç +Ä!@ �� X�gh �� ��9� o:� + �« � ��f�� 2B-6 �: ��! � 4�$ �« � V: `���8 � w8$ \O(� +23;g-

,��5*� Q`�[ � V: qg� �� ��! �$ #B�)�®(. �/�0�� +OP$�� :� +OP%W�E5)�¯(

,�"@�� �f� 4�J : �j� Ä3�� � _ �Z@�� +?�� � � ?$ i��8n �fm�� �f� ?�� � � ��* ��� �j� +Ä3�� � #�83 Á �:� +����� �IY'� Ä!@�� Ä3�� � x�� T�AJ 2- ��� `�) +TN" � » ( D�� U� CK � �I�� M�� D$ Xg�3 +TN� ?=��8'�

D3��� �B� +z5 � Á �:� +;��6 [I �I��� ��n�- �¹��6 �B� +» ( ^ �6 +�f��� Xg�- o 23K � ?�� � � 4���: �* +2B-6 �: ��f@�$ �� +Ä3�� �$ #�� o� Xg�- �g3 V: 4o�)o� _ 4��� +��² T�8 � %�n ��9� 2BF Á �:� +�¹���O: 2- V�6 �¹��*

��� �: ,An� � _ ��¿�; �-.

Page 205: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

180

�3S!I�! � ��-/� 4" : \A) V: qg� � T�A! �� ?3�� ?$ i��8 � �J� �- T�8 � \m�� ����� �«)�H �IY'� ��� » ( #�� �(j� +��f@�$ Ä3�� � #�8� 4�E@ � ,��8' ,@! � V: R'� \¼ K�@�G� » ( #�83 Á �j� +Ã!@'�$ T�8 � a¼ o� Ä)�@ �$

�8 � \¼� +,�;��� #B� ��� �@�� _ s��t �' ,=��8'� �o +,@! � _ �g� �: » K$ T Á �� ��G �� ��I*� 2- V�6 �² T�8 �$ �¹���: s!� (: +?3��$ T�8 � �@��� �K8n

#B�� ,��8- _ ,@! � V: R'� \m�� ��B � _ ,�;��� #B� �g3 . �J� �: » K�� � x�83 Á� ?@! � ?$ i��8 �! � �8$ �- V: ��R3 DHj� Ä3�� _ ,m� �B3 ���� ,@

,�;��� #B�")��(. ��XE��� "E� ������� D�� U��,V

'�� :Y=E�� ?R@ � Ä3��n 2� �fÅ� cGA�� +?�� � � ?$ i��8 � �J� . x�� �:

�6 XR3 c�¸ +Q� � _ ?3��!- �H�� �(: +����� �«)�H �IY'� �B�� ��f@�$ Ä3�� � +;���� ��AI6 2- 23[I �6 +Q�f&- �6 Q�n�- ,@)� ,3� �6 +?3Y� �I�� �¹��6 Ä!@3

�� Q�� � Q�� ±3� T�-SO V�*� ,3��� +T-��� Q� :¡ ���¢��K�3�� �#¢B�@�- ���������¢�3 �23�K� ������ �&���� ��¢f �l�6 �,�8��$���6 �2�f �!¢"H�Y�$ �2�R�$������3 ��g����a�6§)��( È'� Q�� �6 �f-�8$ SN�n �¿j�

.-�� sH��6 `�) +��36 Q�&�� �fl6 ,8$�6 �fg�a �f@�,3��� +T-�� ^ �6 SO ,�H�� �: ¡ �2¢f����] �2�8�N�3 ���6 �2¢f¢��g�6 �4���]� �*� ¢0 �o��¢6��§)��( �p�� SN�@n T-��� Q6�'� �6 �O�N�-�

,��d- �6 �fg�a �f@� È- sH��6 `�) +T��� �=$. Q�IY- ,�H�� � ,3�� �6 ;8!- 2$� 2� C�� +�O�Z � _ ��=��8- ��3�� ��n�f�

4�E@ � _V�*� ,3�� 2�)��(+ T-��� SO� +D�� �=��8n CK � ��� � _ �° ,«)�H �B��f�9� C6� O ��� +T��� �=$ ,�f@- �p�� XAR� +�fg�a �f@� È'�.

,@! � 2- D ��-� : D�� � 4)� 4�J#�)� D �� D��� L� M�5 : " s@� 2� #B�¿ � 2� #B�¿� +�O���E� +�A� � Q��3a +#B ��$ �- �B!-�Y� +W.� �� �M��=*� �È �$�l�� +`��) È �o: K�A�@ � 2� #B�¿� ��B!- �$�&n o� +�f�� ,��)*�")�µ(. 4�3 f�

DH* b�A� � Q��3E ,��$/� O #B�� XA5Y� +,��$/� 0`�m� S¿ %�@O ��� DH6 M��D J T� �$ D@� Q�IY- �¿* +Q��3E � 2� Sf@� Ä)�H " : s@� "S=�'� ��-E � M�� 4�� �.

Page 206: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

181

�/�0�� : ������ : �I�� M�� �¹��6 Xg�3 ?=��8'� ?R@ � Ä3��n �fÅ� #�83 Á �j� 2B-6 �

X�g�n� +Q��l/� M�� Q��A8 � X�g�n� +�!"'� M�� #B>� X�gh� +X�gh � ��� 2- �3�d$~ � +X�A'� M�� ��>�.

V�8n D J » ( 4��-:¡ �_ ¢Â��R��� � ¢#¢B������ �\�¢� ��¢@�-� �23�K� � ��f£�3�6 ��3M�� ����� �.....§)�¶( ,�H�� � ,3�� _ V�8n 4�J�:¡ �-�� ¢#�@�f�g ¢~¢É��E�m�� � �����8��£- ��@�-�·¢- �T¢����3 2

�����Z�� ��$� �K�� ¢D� �����6�� ¢D�@�8� �� �D������ ¢D�� � �\�N� �� ��f��� � ��� ��I§)�¨( V�*� ,3��� �p��A8$ ��"nTn�� � 2- Â�R� � �g� . �* +D@- Ê�3 o �-�8 � Tn�� � �6 �p��lj$ ��"n ,�H�� �� L�

#�Z8 � ��K8 �� 28� �� \Nk � 2- D8- ��( �-� #@fg _ ;�e� ~`�Eg T8g V�8n. ���� `�E9� �R� ��RJo� �KO ��"�� +���A � ���- _ » ( M�� 0�RJ� �J�

~�) �- ��; ��( . �-�8 � 2- Â�R� � �g� O� V�*� ,3��$ #B�� K�@�� Xg �� #B�� M�� Ê@ � Q��A8$ DnA� s$�� DH* +Â�R� � �g� ��� O� ,�H�� � ,3��$ s$��

Q��l/�$ sA� �- M�� ���3 Q��A8 �$ sA� �-� +Ê@ � Q��lj$ . (��0�� :Z������� D$T��

�* +2B-6 �: ��f@�$ �� +Ä3�� �$ x�� �-� +�fÅ� M�� Xg�- �g3 Á � �6 ?�� � � 4���:��°�¹: 2- V .V�8n D J T�-:¡ �� �,�� �.�� �2�f �!¢"H�Y�$ �2�R�$������3 ¢0������d¢�� �

��¢�¢�J§)�ª( +�O�8$� �² 4I� � TAJ ,��d- T� M�� Q�8 � �g� M�� 4�3 ��� ÊH DHj�V�8n D �$ 4I� � �8$ 0���d'�$ ÊRI DH6 o: :¡ �#¢ �G�B�H ��(�: �¢@�-� �23�K� � ��f£�3�6��3

������ �¢Ç �0��@�-�·¢�� �� �f��H�£���8��n �Q���� �2�- �2�f������ �#¢B� ����� �2¢O£!��� ���6 �T�A��J �2�- �2¢O¢�¢§)�®( ��8 ��Â�e� `��� ���� D$ T��.

O �- M�� +���'� M�� ��d'� T] +����- �I��� ���d- ?R@ � ��6 ��� �j�,3� T�- +q='� �KO _ x��8-:¡ �#¢B������ �s�-��¢� ¢��� ��� ¢,������ �§)�¯( ,3�� :¡ ¢� �g�6 �o �T¢J

���¢" �!�- ��-�; ���6 �,����- ��¢B�3 ���6 �o�: ¢D¢��8�d�3 �#����� M���� ��-���¢� ��­�: �S���¢6 ��- �_§)��( �"� ��

¡V�*� ,3�� _ ��d'� ¢��� �§ O ��>� �� � �B3� +,�H�� � ,3�� _ ���'� M�� 4��³"!'�.

Page 207: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

182

��� � 4��-� :V�8n D J:¡ ¢£Ë����� ���� #¢�¢K �I��·¢�3 2�B� �� �#¢B�H���F�6 �_ ��k�� ��$ ¢D�� � ¢#¢�¢K �I��·¢�3 �o �2�- �?����!�- �Q���&�� ¢���8���: ¢D¢n����"�B�� �����F�*� ¢�3����t ���6 �#¢f¢�n� �!�� ���6 �#¢B��� �O�6 ��¢��8�d¢n ��- �y�)���6

�,�A��J��....§)��( V�8n D J �- :¡ #¢�¢K �I��·¢�3 2�B� �� �#¢B�H���F�6 � �_ ��k�� ��$ ¢D�� � ¢#¢�¢K �I��·¢�3 �o �#¢B¢$¢�¢�J �s�A�!������...§)��( ,�"@�� �f� 4�J ��� :?$ i��8 � �J� DH: ?� +?3��

Q�R�- C6 \�� � \!� 2- �¿* b¥�k � ?�� � M�� QKI�·'� ,�H�� � ,3�� sNJ� +k� � M�� QKI�·'� s"H c�� ¥�k � ?�� � M�� QKI�·'� S"H V�*� ,3�� sNJ��

k� � 2- ;��'� �* +k� � _ ,�I�; ¥�k �� :��'� ��(: +» K� ¥�k �� +D�� Q�r�� o �- ;��5 o� D�� �$ o ¥�k � ?�� �� +��R �� [ � ���t ,���&'� ?�� �$.

QKI�·'� ,�H�� � ,3�� �fAg�6 ± � QKI�·'�$ ;��'� �Y$ i��8 � �KO ���3�,3�H� � QKI �'� SO V�*� ,3�� �f"H ± � QKI�·'�$ ;��'�� +,3��I*� . KI�·- ¥�k ��

�$ Q�I�� _ �f���+���8 Q��"B �$ ��H� � _ �f��� KI�·3 o�. k� �$ ;��'�� :,�H�� � ,3�� _ �KO \�� � \!B$ DH�hJ� T� �$ f! � . ;��'� �-6

f� V�*� ,3�� _ k� �$ :O� \�� � ��8$ DH�hJ� T� �$ D Q�r�� o �- :Q�r�� D �- . QKI�·'� sH�� �(: DH* bi��8 � �� � �KO M��� ,�"@'� QKI�·'� ^ ,�H�� � ,3��$ ,$�� �V�*� ,3�� ©8- R3� +i��8n .� +V�*� ,3��$ : ?�� � M�� Q��"B �$ L� #�KI�·3 o

Q��8@'� ?�� � _ Q��"B � M�� #�KI�·3� +¥�k � �f@- ± � k� �)��(. D����� :[\�=���

2BF Á � o� X�gh � o� Ä!@ � ��9���� �� _ 4��� +��² T�8 � %h���� \�nh � M�� ,An� � _ ��¿�; �- V: 4o�)o�:

6 { O� +,g�; ��f@- ��;6 O �- V: ��R3� +�dJ�!n ��3� s=��8n �(:,@! �.

� { 4�J6 O� +��f@- ��;6 O �� T�83� +��dJ�!3 ���3��� s=��8n �(:$ x.I M�� » (� +¥��� � �6 ,$�GR � M�� ���3 ��f36 _ #f@�

�I��. ¾ { S��l T� �$ �I�� M�� �¹��6 X�g�n 2B-6 �� +��)��J i��8n �(:

_ �� Ì �B�� �¹��6 _ Xg�- �g3 Á �� +Xg�� �$ T�8 � \m�����K8- �B�� YdI6 � +`�l ��f3Y$ T�8 �)�µ(.

Page 208: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

183

;{ 2B ~�g� �6 +��;*� �fÅ� �¼ Á� +��@) �6 ��3� s=��8n �(: �- M�� T�8 �� +?=��8'� ��) ©8� +T5*�$ #B� DHj� +i��8-

?�� � � ;��� TAJ , Y!'� #B� D��� ���)�¶(. (��0�� +OP$��

O�9 ?�� � � ��) \OK'� �KO ��G56 ��3� +,�8��& �� ,3�O�Z � 2- ,��� M�� �¹��6 u��$ T�8 � �6 +Xg�- �g3 �6 V: ��² T�8 � 2� zJ �� o�6 ?=��8'�

�I��. ?�� �$ » ( M�� � �)��:

'��: V�8n L� �@� 2- U� x.Io�� +x.I� i��8 � �: .Tg�E� L� 4�J :¡ �� �� �.� �I� �D��� ���¢��g�� �D�� � �� � ��@�� �2�- ������� ���� ���§)�¨( �!� ��=��8'� �.� � �� +�KO M���

��dJ�!�� +L� �@� 2-. �/�0��: o O� �I� T� �$ �6 +D��� 4�3 o O� �"� � U"@$ �B3 �6 �-: ��9�� `�@A � �:

?=��8'� ��!$ 4� �� zJ � \g� +�g3. ��f��� 483 .� ��f�� z8N � �O�� �.� ; ��KO�)�ª(.

�/�0�� (�)$�� : ������ '�� +�,$�� : ]�7� ������ ]�56,���

]�7� ������ Xg�� �� +�a � _ ��Gg� � D@-� T�� �(: Xg�3 `S& � Xg� 2- X�gh � : +�a� �

~��$ ��& � Xg�� : �." sGg�6� +4�- �� D����6 �6 ��E�'� Xg�6� +D���� �- �ZH� DHa� D�d�6 �(: ��G�g�n sG�g��4��3� +��Gg�� :�Gg�� y�6� Xg�6� �a . M�� X�gh � ��d3�,3� �� \��k �� �.�'�� T�� �)�®(

������^ ]�56,� : 2- #f"J- 23�A �8An » (� +��.d5� X�gh � �f"- _ �� 5*� z�I

�fm�� .8� DH� c��µ¯ , ;Í ,"5 �6 . 0��.Io� ~KO Ê�«�n 2BF ��8 � M���SO W.� 0�O�¤�$:

'�� _�T�H�: 2- 2- X�gh � �6 V: ,�$�@�� w8$� ,�8��& �� ,�"@�� 2- �f�9� \O(,$���- z3��8$ ~��� ��� �@O 2-� +�fÅ� T8� .�f¹6 2-�:

Page 209: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

184

� { ,�"@�� 2- ���)*� z&� \��5 D��� " :��f�: ?=��8'� ?�� � � ��* QJ ,=��8- ,m� �Bn o D@� 0;�"H� ")µ�(.

?�����'� �=� DH6 o: +,�"@�� ���6 V: z3�8 � �KO 0]� � Xn�� \��5 \!H�z3�8 � _ ?�� � � ��B-)µ�(.

� { DHY$ V�8n L� D]� Ca�� � 23� � �«� ��-/� D����" : M�� ?��d � ��6 ,3�n �I�� 8� �I�� ³�d3� D$ T�8�� +�J*� #�")µ�(. �/�0�� _�T�H�: ,$���- z3��8$ , ;Í ,"5 DH6 M�� `�@$ ~��� ��� `���8 � w8A O�

�f@- : � { DHY$ C�-�� ��-/� D���" : �- ��d'� M�� , o�� ?��R � ��6 ��hJ�

�I�� 4�¹:� D$ T�8 � \g3 �� ��f=��8n".µ� � { L� D]� C�;EA � ��-/� D����" : 2� Q��A� DHY$ �I�� M�� ?��'� ��6 TN�

��"5�")µµ(. (��0�� _�T�H�: ��a�" � ��-/� #f@- `���8 � w8$ DB�) �J� +?�.d5o� ?$ ��9�

L� D]� S8��& � . DHj$ D��� �J�"Q� � C6 ��Gg� � ���$ M�� ?=��8'� ��* ± ��I��")µ¶(.

������ ���1$�� `a����� X�gh � �6 O� " Q[8- ,3E- 2- D�� �' ?=��8'� ?�3�d � ��6 �f� u��n

�I�� 2- V�6 D$ T�8 � T8¤)µ¨(. �@O u�� �$ ;��'�� : �6� +�I�� ,=��8- 2- �J6 ?=��8'� ��6 �6 �fÅ� ���$

4� �$ ���A � �KO ��� `�) V�6 D$ T�8 � ,$�B �$ �6 T8" �$ �6. �/�0�� +�,$�� : ������ L��M

�f@-� +X�gh� ����l �� 5*� ��(: '�� L���� : .� +,f9�� T>�� sJ � ;�t� �- #B�� _ ?=��8'� ?�� � � ?$ ��"no�

V�8n L� 4�J ��� +`��@ � sJ� _ ��A � 2� Sf@ � ?$ i��8n :¡ ��f£�3�6 ��3 ��(�: �¢@�-� �23�K� � ������A� � ��¢��(�� �D�� � �� ���( �V�: ���8 �)��� �,�8¢�¢�9� �����3 �2�- �Q �.�R�� �C�;¢H§)µª( ^ _ D$ �(/� ?$�

#�)� D��� V�8n L� M�5 L� 4)� T�) ?� z3�& � c3��� _ `�g ��� sJ � �KO :

Page 210: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

185

4�J� \��6 \!B � C6" : Tg� � T����[- ��$ T�� ~��$")µ®(. T� _ z�Ì #B�� �*��f@-)¶¯.(

�/�0�� L���� :X�gh � TI�3 o ����� � _� +, ;*� ?$ X�gh � �B3 �6. (��0�� L���� : a¼ .� 0��"� ,�$�J 2Bn Á �j� +0��"� ,�$�J , ;*� �Bn �6

2� Q��A� X�gh � �* 0��8d� � _ X�g�n o� +X�gh � �I�� M�� ?��d � ��6 ,3�n �f�� a¼ .� +�² qd�- Q�n�'� ��AI*� �6 »l o� +DG5 2Z � M�� \�k3 ���

X�gh �. D����� L���� : [I� ���� � ?$ i��8n .� +0A� � _ ��=��8'� �.� � � C��!3 �6

��� �. N%�1�� L���� :'� ?$ i��8n .� +Q� � _ �3��!3 �6 �n�'� ���3 T$ ;��*�� �n�

��"no�$ ;��*� M��)¶�(. Q�=�� L���� : 2B � +?� 5*� 2- �B ��& � �KO� +X�gh � M�� T� ; �B3 �6

� �J� +��& � �KO _ #O" �Æ ,�8��& � `�f�" � : ���� TB$ T�8 � ��B-: ��� �h&3 ��:��f@- . a¼ o ,fg 2- � 2B-6 �� T�8 � 2- V�6 #O�@� ��9�� +X�gh �

X�gh �$)¶�(. ������ _���

Dg� ,r�- V: #fN8$ �f�5�6 �6 V: ��AI*� _ X�gh � D�g� 0���)¶�(+ +.56 X�gh � #fN8$ �@� �f�� C�¼ .� ,�H��� � 0�3�� �-6� +��AI*�$ ��8n �f@B S��; o �@O 2-� +y�� ,3�� �" V:� |'� V: �g�3 �� �¿����3 �f�� Dr��gj$ ��r�� ��

, ��/� xI Q �B � ~g � ~KO ��K . (��0�� +�,$�� : ������ ��%

:qJ� _ �� 5*� z�I D��� ,�@Z � , ;*�� ,�8d� � , ;*� ?$ X�gh ���AOK-:

'�� +OP$�� :���,&�� ��� ��� ������ b��� c"� ,���H ,�8d� � , ;*� ?$ a¼ o X�gh � �Y$ ?��>�� ?� 5*� 2- �f�9� 4�J

,���� �6 sH��)¶�(.

Page 211: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

186

����'�� +OP$� a�g ��� M�� �f�9� 4�)��f¹6 2-� +Q �B � , ;*�$ ,�8d� � , ;*� ?$ X�gh �:

'�� ���"��: +D�� 0��"n o D$ qd�'� ��8'�� +��& �$ #�8 � _ 0��" � q�� X�gh � �:0��8d� � _ X�gh � �g3 .�)¶µ(.

�/�0�� ���"��: �f�� i��8 �� +0��8d� � _ i��8 � ;g� �@� ��G3 ��: X�gh � �: ?�3�d � ��6 ,3� �Ag- �B3 �6 �$ o X�gh � �* +S8d� � _ X�g�n .� +4�� D�� \�d3 .� +��R�@ �� Q;�3E� T$�J ^ D$ qd�'� ��8'�� +�I�� M�� ?=��8'�

3 ��: X�gh � �*� +X�gh � �6 �-: DH* +S8d� � _ �R- ^ » (� ?=��8'� ?$ �B�� �6 S8dJ D=��83.

�6 +0�A�/� _ ?N��@ � ?$ �� O� ��² T�8 � �-: D@- �E�3 DH* +4�� 4�*� o� +�I�� ��; �¹��Y$ T�8 � �6 +S"@ � _ ?N��@ � ?$ �� O� ��² T�8 � q�@-:

C��! � �- ,3 �6. _ X�gh � \�� q�@�-�� +S8d� � M�� �Z � X�g�n q�@�-o +4�� �N36 ��� ��

S8d� � T� � �)¶¶(.

(��0�� ���"��: 4���� �6 » (� +,�8d� � Tro� � _ ,��G!- SO� +,3�n X�gh � �:w��@ � F ��;g- w��@ � 4���: 2B3 Á �:� +��@��3 2B3 Á +�¹��6 _ ��r�J ��� �: �@�

X�gh �� +,3� �)¶¨(. �/�0�� +OP$�� : ]�&�,% ��� ��� ������ b���

�@� ,���� �6 sH�� ,���H +,�@� �6 sH�� ,�8dJ +����d- , ;*� ?$ X�gh � a¼C�@°� S"R �� ¾��� -6 2$�� ?� 5*� w8$)¶ª(.

�����/�0�� +OP$� X�gh � a�g M�� \OK'� �KO ��G56 4�)� 2-� Q �� , ;Y$ 0��8d� � _

�f¹6: '�� ���"��: +�f�� i��8 � a�g M�� �A- X�gh �� +0��8d� � _ Er�g i��8 � �:

#BG � �E o:� +0��8d� � _ a¼ » K� +0��@Z � _ X�gh �� i��8 � a¼ ��B�.¶® �/�0�� ���"��: �J�� � Er�g ��O(*� _ i��8 � �: . ��O(*� _ i��8 � a�g M�� `�@A�

0��8d� � _ X�gh � a¼)¨¯(.

Page 212: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

187

D����� +�,$�� : ����� ���"��� �$���� d ������ RS5

:?AOK- M�� Xg�� � T� � �$ T�8 � �g� _ �� 5*� z�I: '�� +OP$�� : ����� ���"��� �$���� ������ F���

?� 5*� 2- �f�9� �@� Xg�� � T� � �$ T�8 �� X�gh � \¼ 23�!"'�� #O � ?��B'�� `�f�" �� ?��>�� ,�B �'�� ,�8��& �� ,�"@�� 2-)¨�(. Ca�� � 4�J : " »!� � a�g M�� ��"n� �����*�X�gh �$" )¨�(. C��«A � 23� � `.� 4�J� " : \O(�

B!�- Xg�� �$ T�8 � �g�� X�gh � ,G5 V: �f�9� ,$�GR � q��j$ » ( _ ?z�! ��")¨�(. � ����'�� +OP$

�f¹6 2-� +Q �� , ;Y$ Xg�� � T� � �$ T�8 �� X�gh � �g� M�� �f�9� 4�)�: '�� ���"��: Xg�� � u��n �g� #f@� T�H ��� +X�gh �$ T�8 � M�� ,$�GR � q��:

`�� � _ �f@� V�8n L� S=� ,&r�� Q��! � Dn�� CK � c3��� u��� » (� ?@Z � 2-D@� V�8n L� S=� Q�3�O �6 [I M�� ?H�e�" :`�'� 2- `�'� ��:")¨�(.

S=� ,&r�� Q��! � [I u��n \A)� L� M�5 D�8"$ x��6 �¿6 �f@� V�8n L�\H�g*� 4�g� � 2- �-*� ~KO _ �O ^ 2- #�)� D��� V�8n . 4)� ¾��a6 2- �¿*

#�)� D��� V�8n L� M�5. S=� ,&r�� Q��! � [I ,$�GR � ��J �- Xg�� �$ T�8 �� X�gh � \¼ Á ��

L� S=� Q�3�O �6 [I M�� �f@� V�8n L�D@� V�8n . �f@� V�8n L� S=� ,&r�� Q��! � Dn�� �- �N36 » ( ZH�" : L� M�5 P@ � �6

#r�5 O� ��A@g XAR3 ��� #�)� D��� V�8n")¨µ(. �6 D@� V�8n L� S=� Q�3�O �6 c3�� M�� c3��� �KO ,$�GR � ��J ���

4�J #�)� D��� V�8n L� M�5 P@ �" :O� XAR � %�;6 2- D �5 .� \@g")¨¶(. �*#�)� D��� V�8n L� M�5 D �¸ ¥�@ � x��6 �f@� V�8n L� S=� ,&r��.

o �H�� #¿6 Xg�� �$ T�8 � �g� M�� ,$�GR � q��: 2- T�H �- C�3 �Î� 2� Ï� 2-� +�f@- ¥Y� �� ÂR@ � 2� cGA � �8$ o: ,!�J*�� `���� V: � �83

Page 213: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

188

_ �ZH� #°��6 T�8 � �Ag3 �H�� #¿6 \3� D$&3 o ���� #�� #p�;�fg� �r�J���f"8=6 ��; ?@Z � 2- Xg�� �$)¨¨(.

�/�0�� ���"��: +Xg�� �$ T�8 � #°�8$ �Ag3 `.�8 �� �Gg�� ?�� � � ��6 ��� �(: DH64�J DH6 ;8!- 2$ L� �A� ,3��� _ `�g ��� +����l� ����� ?8- X�gh � �*" : ~�� �-

� ¦2!� L� �@� f� ��@!� ���!'")¨ª(. (��0�� ���"��: o� +³g�'�$ T�8 � �E� Xg�� �$ T�83 Á DH6 ³g�'� X�g�n �6 »l

�.�� �@�Î Xg�� � M��)¨®(. D����� ���"��: D@� L� S=� TAg 2$ (�8' #�)� D��� V�8n L� M�5 L� 4)� �3��n DH6

w8$ M�� �fN8$ u��n� , ;*� \�n�n M�� 2�� � V: ���=�J D�8$ ?�)ª¯(. �/�0�� +OP$�� : ����� ���"��� �$���� ������ F��� c"�

w8$ \O( i��8 � �@� � �3� +, ;*� _ X�gh � �g� ��� V: `���8 � 2-��*�$ KI*� �6 zJ � �6 �« � \¼)ª�(.

����$��/�0�� +OP :\OK'� �KO ��G56 4�) �.� � � i��8n ?� X�gh �$ KI*� ��� M��

S�3 ��� �f¹6 2-� +,"�Ì , ;Y$: '�� ���"��: V�8n L� 4�3 :¡ ����R�$�*� �­�¢6 ��3 ��¢ �[������§)ª�(.

, o� � Dg� : Dg� .� T�R"n ^ 2- ����d- ��A�o�$ V�8n L� �-6 ,3�� ~KO _³g�'� ��; Xg�� �$ T�8 � �g .

�/�0�� ���"��: #�)� D��� V�8n L� M�5 L� 4)� 4�J" :  2  L�� +�O�Z �$ #B V3�r��! �")ª�(. D$ T�8 � a�m� �O�� ³g�'� T� � ��.

(��0�� ���"��: ^ X�gh �� ,=��8'� 0�@�A � M�� �3En o ,=��8'� ,�@Z � 0���-*� �: ^ X�gh � ��; �-� +?@��/� Q;�fl M�� ,8$�*� Q;�fl ���n o DH6 �� +0�@�A � _ [8-

^ » KB� 0�@�A � _ [8- 0���-*� _ [8-)ª�(. (�)�� 23��/ �� �$��1��

4.I 2- s�5� �J� V: cGA � �KO #O6,�n�� ´r�@ �:

Page 214: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

189

� { q=- �:"X�gh �� i��8 � ,���& � , ;*� ?$" ,� 5*� 0��='� 2-,)��� �� cGA �$ Q�3�9� ,�f'�. �i��8 � 2BF o �J� � _ ,���& � , ;*� ?$

�fÅ� �ZH \!¸ i��8 � �fZ3 ����*� w8$ _ 2B � +�-*� U"H�. �,����� ,=��8- s!� � ,3�5 ,=��8- ,���& � , ;*� _ ,=��8'�.

� { :���& �$ o: q�& � , ;6 2- ?�� � � ?$ ��G3 o i��8 � �+ * , ;*� �BF o� ," º- ,���- ,���& � o: ���d- �f@- `Ml _ i��8 � MnY3 �6 2

�6 +.� ; T� �$ U� �- D¹n \!¸ �6 �fm�� ,A!@ �$ y�� �O�Z � \!¸?=��8- ?�B� M�� �o�3 ÂR@ � 2- ?RH �6 ~�Rn \!¸ . ��@�$

,fg ^ ,fg ��f@- ���� TB T$ ��f�B� _ i��8n o �J� � _ ��R@ ��I�� .@�� i��8 ��D �- _ o� ÊH _ o �fÅ� T�� _ �B3 K�.

� { ,�.� 2B � +,"�«'� \O�K'� ����I�� +?�� � � i��8n #B� _ `���8 � z�I�Q�f&- \O�K-. ,"�«'� ,�f�" � \O�K'� 2- i��8 � ��� 0�dI 0��(� .

��R �� ��� V: ��J6 x�@�*� \OK-� .#��6 V�8n L��. � { n X�gh � �6 �- ,�� 2- X�gh � �6 »l o� +�I�� M�� ?�� � � ��6 T�N"

i��8 � D$ ���3 . Tg* o: SO �- ?=��8'� ?�� � � ?$ X�gh � , ��� �6�i��8 � 2- Ê�« � . ��f@�$ �g� �(: o: , ;*� ?$ X�gh � �fÅ� 4��� o�

i��8 �. µ { , ;*� ?$ i��8 � _ X�gh � \¼ �f�9� �@� Xg�� � T� � �$ T�8 �� ,���& �

#O � ?��B'�� `�f�" �� ?��>�� 23�!"'�� ?� 5*� 2- +�f�9� , ;6 �* ,3J Q ���2- ,'�)� i�h�o�. ~��( �-� +,�@Z � , ;*� ��� � \OK'� , ;6�

,�8d� � i��83 o ,�@Z � , ;*�� +,�8d� � , ;*� �f�9�. �J� ����$ D�G��@n� D�A�n�n� c�GA � �K�O 4����: _ V��8n L� ����$ C��fg s K$

�R�n 2�- D�� ��� �-� +Tg�E� L� 2�� ��5� ���n 2- cGA � �KO _ ��� ��� ±J�� ������ ~�"k���)6� +�����R � 2���- D���� : ������� ����- M����� L� ����]Y� +��d����& � 2���-� ������ `����dI�

D�� 0YdI6.

M�� V�8n L� M�5�D�AH ?8�6 #�)� DAG5� D �� ���.

Page 215: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

190

e%��#��

�{ ��f@� L� S=� ,���� 2� ,&r�� 2� C��«A � ~���" : ��� T3[g �6 +#�)� D��� L� S�5 P@ � �­: �)6S�g6 �N� o: ~��6 o� ?n�- ��8 � �=��� DH6� +,@) T� ���� �$ �=��83 ."�ZH6 : T����: 2$ ���� i�83 T3[g ��� ��$ +���� � Tr�N� ��� +C��«A � X�GR � +C��«A � D��� L� S�5 P@ � M�� ����

� +#�)� .0� $ + �� 2$� ��; .��@A .,� �� � ,8Ad � :��¯¨�O/�®ª¨� .���t :; . �kA � \3; M"dR-�/�®��c3��� #J� + :�¨�¯ . �{ �ZH6 :� +��8 � ��! +�Z@- 2$� . +��@A +0� $ +�;�5 ��;¨/�¶¨. �{ �ZH6 :³�G5� ,k� � ¾�n ³�GR � +C�O9� � +,�$�8 � .+0� $ +?3.�� #�8 � ��; ,8$�� � ,8Ad � :��¨¶

�O/�®µ¶ +��/�¯ª¨. �{ +zfB � Q�)�ª :�¯¯. µ{ �ZH6 : +,�$�8 � ³�G5� ,k� � ¾�n ³�GR � +C�O9��/�¯ª� +��8 � ��! +�Z@- 2$�� +¨/�¶ª –

�¶® . ¶{ +��8 � ��! +�Z@- 2$�¨/�¶ª. ¨{ +Q��A � Q�)� :���. ª{ � +,k� � \3Kp +C�Oa*� .0� $ +��8 � W�h � `���: ��; .��@A .V�*� ,8Ad � :�¯¯�� .���t : ���

+\��- i��/�ªª . ®{ � +C�;EA � �.)/� �«� ��-/� 456 2� ���)*� z&� +C��«A � �]6 2$ E3E8 ��A� 23� � `.� . ��;

��@A +0� $ +,���8 � \B � .*� ,8Ad �V� :���ª�O/�®®¨� .���t : +��� ��� ;�� L� �A��/��¯ . �¯{ � +45*� #�� 2- M"R!'� +­�Ek � .0� $ +,���8 � \B � ��; .��@A .V�*� ,8Ad � :���� +�O

���t : +_�& � �A� �.! � �A� ����/�¨¶. ��{ +S!I�! � 456 +S!I�! ��/��� + .��@A +0� $ +,��8'� ��; .���G$ :��k�*� `�� � $6 . ��{ � +45*� #�� _ AG �� �3�� � +¾��� -6 2$� .��@A +0� $ +�B" � ��; .V�*� ,8Ad � :

���¨�O/�®®¶+��/�. ��{ #m8'� +�]6 L� z�I ���� +S��R � ,�d�� +�R@- #���� �A� ��� �� +U�H6 #�O��$: ��� �

� +y�) � .Q��;: ,�H�� � ,8Ad � +�dJ , ��$ +S-.)/� W�h � `���: :��®��O/�®¨� +��/�¨¯{�¨�. ��{ � +D�" � 456 #�� +x.I ��O � �A� Ä�& � .,8$�! � ,8Ad � +Q�O�� � +c3��� ��; :

��¨¶�O/�®µ¶Â +� :��ª. �µ{ +S!I�! � 456 +S!I�! ��/��.

Page 216: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

191

�¶{ � +4G" � ;�l�: +���& � .8 � ��B � ��;+�� V�*� ,8Ad � :���®Ò{ �®®®� .���G$ : Ä�& � +,3�@� �E� �]6�/�µª.

�¨{ �ZH6 : +45*� ,��8- V: 45 � E@� +C�;EA � :�ªµ � + . z&� +S"!@ �� +S&n��� +U3�$ �3��g +���)*��/ª®.

�ª{ �ZH6 : +S!I�! � 456 +S!I�! ��/�� – �� +4G" � ;�l�: +���& �� +�/�µª. �®{ �ZH6 : +S!I�! � 456 +S!I�! ��/�� +45*� ,��8- V: 45 � E@� +C�;EA �� + :�ªµ . �¯{ �ZH6 :D!"H ��R'� . ��{ �ZH6 :� +S-�!�� 456 +23� � ��!� . +��!��$ +S&n��� �;6� #�� E��- DH�I \� ��� - :

¨¨ +¨ª. ��{ �ZH6 : #�!- +C��fA � �B& � �A� 2$ L� \�V�*� ,8Ad � +,3 -*� ,8Ad'� +0A� � :���� +�O

�/�®µ. ��{ �ZH6 :��f!"H 23��R'�. ��{ �ZH6 : +4G" � ;�l�: +���& ��/�¶¯. �µ{ �ZH6 : +0]� � Xn�� +S�8 � �A��/�ª® . �¶{ �ZH6 : +S!I�! � 456 +S!I�! ��/��. �¨{ _ 4R" � X��@n +U3�;: 2$ �]6 23� � �8) +_��� �� +4R>� ��RI� .0� $ +�B" � ��; .��@A .

�Ad � ,@) :��®��O .���t : +xÉ� � �A� D� Ä�& �:���. �ª{ �ZH6 :� +,���& � , ;*� ?$ X�gh �� i��8 � +E3E� L��A� � +z�d� ��A� Ä�& �� +SÓa[ � . ��;

Q�O�� � +c3��� . +�R-�/�¶¨. �®{ �ZH6 :� ³�l _ ¾�²/� +SBA! �� +¾�f@' .0� $ +,���8 � \B � ��; .��@A .�Ad � ,@) :���¶ �O{

�®®µ +��/��� {���� +45 � ¾�f@- ³�l _ 4! � ,3�¿ +C@)*� + . +��@A 0� $ +�E� 2$� ��;V�*� ,8Ad � :���¯ �O�®®®� . +T����� ��� ��A8l ��� � ���G$�/�µ® {�¶�.

�¯{ �ZH6 : � +¾��� -6 2$� + AG �� �3���/� +0A� � #�!- +C��fA � +�/�µ� M�� X3� � +��a�" � +� +X�= � .��@A +0� $ ,���8 � \B ���; .V�*� ,8Ad � :���¶ �O{ �®®¶� .���G$ : �3��a Ä�& � +0� ���/��¶ +0]� � Xn�� +�/�ª® .

��{ +S!I�! � 456 +S!I�! ��/��. ��{ +Q��A � Q�)� :���. ��{ +�.d � Q�)¶µ :�. ��{ ��$ + !" � ��� +X�GR � _ C��«A � ��-/� Dg�I6: ¡ 2R$h3 �g��a6 ���K3� #B@- ��3 23K ��

��&�� �fl6 ,8$�6 2f!"HY$...§ +�/�¶�¨ c3��� #J� + :��µª .

Page 217: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

192

�µ{ � L� M�5 P@ � ��K�)� ��$ +Er�@9� ��� +X�GR � _ #�!- ��-/� Dg�I6D$� #�)� D�� _ Tg� E� +D-6 [J Q��3a�/¶¨�c3��� #J� + :®¨¨ ��N36� + . T�6 2� Sf@ � 2- ��� �- ���$ ��$ +S��=*� ���

� +`�l �- V: D��$:� D«!H ���$� �.)/� 4�6 _ W.� �8$ S��=*� �� . +��8 � W�h � `���: ��;0� $ .��@A . ���G$ :SJ�A � �A� ;�·� ��� +�/�µ¶� c3��� #J� + :�®¨¨.

�¶{ +Q��A � Q�)� :�¨ª . �¨{ +`�!@ � Q�)� :®� . �ª{ +Q��A � Q�)� :��ª. �®{ +��E�*� Q�)�� :�®. �¯{ +Q�r�'� Q�)µ :�. ��{ +��8H*� Q�)¶ :��µ. ��{ +Q�r�'� Q�)µ :ª® . ��{ +Q��A � Q�)� :��µ. ��{ �ZH6 : +C�;EA � �.)/� �«� ��-/� 456 2� ���)*� z&� +C��«A � �]6 2$ E3E8 ��A� 23� � `.�

�/��¨ { ��ª . �µ{ �ZH6 : +S!I�! � 456 +S!I�! ��/�� {�� . �¶{ �ZH6 : +���)*� z&� +S"!@ ��/µ�. �¨{ +`�!@ � Q�)� :ª� . �ª{ �ZH6 : 5*� �@� X�gh �� i��8 � +C��@"�� +?� :ª¯ � + .�3a �� �&@ �� ,��Ad� `�� � ��; .

,�H�� � ,8Ad � :�®ª¨�. �®{ �ZH6 : +��8 � ��! +�Z@- 2$��/��µ� +y�>� ¥-�� � +C;�$� a� " �� + . +��8 � W�h � `���: ��;

0� $ .��@A .V�*� ,8Ad � :���¨ �O /�®®¨ +��/��� . µ¯{ �fÅ� 2- ;��'��" :� 2- , ;*� 2- ,���& � ��B�*� ��A@)� M�� ���3 c�¸ �� �� #�8 � ,B�- ~�@� ��

q��& � ~�3�3 CK � ´f@'� M�� ".�ZH� : +45*� #�� 2- M"R!'� +­�Ek ��/��� . µ�{ +���)*� z&� +C��«A � E3E8 � �A��/¨ª. µ�{ �ZH6 : +0A� � #�!- ³�l 0]� � Xn�� +S�8 � �A��/�¯�. µ�{�� +45*� #�� _ 4R>� +Ca�� .V�*� ,8Ad � +��@A +0� $ +,���8 � \B ���; :��¯ª�O/�®ªª +��/���{���. µ�{ � +��B�*� 456 _ ��B�/� +C�-�� .0� $ +��8 � ��B � ��; .��@A .V�*� ,8Ad � :��¯� + �O

���t :; . +S���9� ��)�/��µ. µµ{ V: 45 � E@� +C�;EA � +45*� ,��8- :�®¯.

Page 218: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

193

µ¶{ +X�= � M�� X3�� � ³�l +��a�" ��/�¯�. µ¨{  +X�gh �� i��8 � +C��@"�� :�ª� . µª{ +,8�9� Q�)¶� :®. µ®{ � +~�@8� +\)�B'� M�� c�� ��$ +0���m � ��� +2@! � _ Dg�- 2$� ��-/� Dg�I6 . +�B" � ��;

0� $ .��@A .���G$ : ��� +SJ�A � �A� ;�·��/¨�� c3��� #J� + :���ª. ¶¯{ �ZH� : +4G" � ;�l�: +���& ��/�µª . ¶�{ �ZH6 : +D!"H ��R'��/�µª . ¶�{ �ZH6 : +X�gh �� i��8 � +C��@"�� :�®¶ {�®¨. ¶�{ �ZH6 :� +C��� � \3��n +S��! � .i�3� � +,�3��� i�3� � ,AB- .,�$�8 � ,3;8! � .���G$ : �A� Ä�& �

+z�d� � �A� ��O ��/�®ª{�¯� . ¶�{ �ZH6 : +45*� #�� 2- M"R!'� +­�Ek ��/�®� +�RÌ ³�l +\g��� 2$� b�/�¯®. ¶µ{ �ZH6 : +X�gh �� i��8 � +SÓa[ ��/�¯�. ¶¶{ �ZH6 : +��B�*� 456 _ ��B�/� +C�-���/��® . ¶¨{ �ZH6 : +X�gh �� i��8 � +SÓa[ ��/�¯�. ¶ª{ �ZH6 : + AG �� �3�� � +¾��� -6 2$��/�¨. ¶®{ �ZH6 :D!"H �g�'�. ¨¯{ �ZH6 : +X�gh �� i��8 � +C��@"�� :�ª®. ¨�{ �ZH6 : +4G" � ;�l�: +���& ��/�µª – �µ® � + +45*� #�� 2- M"R!'� +­�Ek�/�®� 2$�� +

+ AG �� �3�� � +¾��� -6�/�¨{�ªÂ +4R>� ��RI� _ 4R" � X��@n +_��� � +:��¯ . ¨�{ � +45*� #�� _ 4R>� +Ca�� � .i�3� � +,�-.)/� ;8) 2$ ��� ��-/� ,8-�g .,�$�8 � ,3;8! � .

V�*� ,8Ad � :��¯¯�O .t��� : ���8 � i��� �$�g D�µ/µ�® . ¨�{ +C�;EA � �.)/� �«� ��-/� 456 2� ���)*� z&� +C��«A � �]6 2$ E3E8 ��A� 23� � `.��/��¯ . ¨�{ +`�'� 2- `�'� ��: ��$ +w��� ��� +X�GR � _ #�!- ��-/� Dg�I6�/�¶® c3��� #J� + :��� . ¨µ{ _ ;��; $6 ��-/� Dg�I6� +��N-� �fl _ �A@g XA56 2��� ��$ +�R � ��� +2@! � . ��B � ��;

0� $ � ��8 � . +��@A �/�ªµ c3��� #J� +:��®¯. ¨¶{ +�A@g XAR3 #r�R � ��$ +�R � ��� +X�GR � _ ~  C��«A � ��-/� Dg�I6�/¶¨® c3��� #J� + :

�ª�µ�� +2@! � _ ~  Dg�- 2$� ��-/� Dg�I6� + O� �A@g XAR3 Tg� � _ `�g �- ��$ +���R � � +���R � �3�3�/µ�� c3��� #J� + :�¨¯�.

¨¨{ �ZH6 : +��B�*� 456 _ ��B�/� +C�-���/��¶. ¨ª{ � +~�@!- _ TA@� 2$ �]6 ��-/� Dg�I6 .Q�O�� � +,A��J ,!)·- . +�R-�/�¨® .

Page 219: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

194

¨®{ �ZH� : +4G" � ;�l�: +���& ��/�µ® . ª¯{ �ZH6 : +��B�*� 456 _ ��B�/� +C�-���/��¶{��¨ +45*� #�� 2- M"R!'� +­�Ek � +

�/�®�. ª�{ �ZH6 : +45*� #�� _ 4R>� +Ca�� �µ/µ�® �«� ��-/� 456 2� ���)*� z&� +23� � `.� +

+C�;EA � �.)/��/��¯ +4G" � ;�l�: +���& � +�/�µª . ª�{ +�&�� Q�)µ® :�. ª�{ +,m��$ 2G� �� �O�Z �$ #B�� ��$ +,�NJ*� ��� _ ~�@8� #�!- ��-/� Dg�I6�/���¨ #J� +

c3��� :�¨�� . ª�{ �ZH� : +��B�*� 456 _ ��B�/� +C�-���/��¨.

Page 220: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

]ÖjçÒn‚Êo]Öφ�á]ÖÓ†mÜ

The Emphasis in the Holy Qura'n

þþþþ ]Ö‚Òjç…]Êjí^…œuÛ‚ì^á

Abstract

This study that is entitled”Al Tawkeed fil Qura'n Al-Kareem"

study at Syntax and Rehetoric level, it aims at examining how much,

where and why the way of Tawkeed is used in the Holy Qura'n.

" ]Öj³³³³³³³³³³çÒn³³³³³³³³³‚ " which litteral meaning is "act of affirming; assertion;

confirmation or the thing that is affirmed" is a term that has

significance in both Syntax and Rehetoric. It has two kind 1.Tawkeed

Lafzi(to strengthen a meaning using a word twice in the one sentence)

2.Tawkeed Ma'nvi(using specific word to affirm the meaning). Use of

of the this way is based upon the addressee if he is with empty mind

there is no need to use Tawkeed but if he has doubt, it is better to use

it and if the addresse is denier, Tawkeed must be used to affirm the

meaning. The study finds out different use of Tawkeed in the Holy

Qura'n, its significence and objectives through the various verses of

the Holy Qura'n.

]ֳϳ†�áÒ³¡Ý]²i³Ã³^Ö³o(æÒj³^e³ä]Ö³í^Ö‚(æâçœæùÙÒj^h�æùáÊo]Ö×Çè]ÖÆenè(Ê‚…]‰jä

•†æ…mèÖÓØ*ÞŠ^á(¢ÞäÚ¿ã†]Övn^é]ÖÃÏ×nùèæ]¢�enùèæ]Ö‚mßnèÂß‚]ÖÆhì^‘èæÂß‚qÛnÄ]Öß^ŒÂ^Úè

æ]Öφ�á]ÖÓ†mÜâç]ÖËn˜]¦Öão]Ö„pi×Ï^å]ÖfC†]ÖÓ^ÚØÚà…eäiÃ^Öoeç]‰_è]Ö†æ|]¢Únàqf†mØÂ×nä

]ÖŠ¡ÝÚßrùÛ^óæÖÜmf×ÈœpùÒj^hÚ^e×Çä]Öφ�áÚà…æÂè]Öfn^áæ]Öf¡ÆèæÚ‹ù]ÖÛC^†ó

ó ]ÖÛv^•†eÏŠÜ]Ö×Çè]ÖÆenèæ��]eã^er^ÚÃè]ÖÓ×nùè]ÖvÓçÚnùèeËn’Ø�e^�e^ÒŠj^á /

195

Page 221: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

æÖ×φ�á]ÖÓ†mÜœ‰×çhœì^ƒì^”eä(Ön‹OÆ]÷æŸÞ%†]÷ÚŠrÃ÷æ*Öoa„]œO^…]Ö‚Òjç…›ä

uŠnàÊoÚÏ‚Úèi^…míä]ÖCãn†ÊÏ^ÙV

EMDó ZZ]Öφ�áÖn‹eCÆæŸeß%†eØ]Öφ�áΆ�áXX

æœÞ³ˆÖ³ä]²‰f³v³^Þ³äæi³Ã³^Ö³o!ʳoÖŠ³^áÚfn³àÒ³Û³^γ^ÙV™*Þ$³^]*Þû³øÖûßø^åüÎö†û�Þ÷Âø†øeôn÷ÖøÃø×$ÓöÜû

æ]Ö³×Çè]ÖÆenèiË–ØÂ×o‰^ñ†]Ö×Ç^lev¡æé]Ör†Œæ�Îè]Öç•ÄæœuÓ^Ý]Öß¿ÜÒÛ^œÞã^ øEND iøÃûÏô×öçûá—

Ö³ÇèÚf³^…ÒèÚj³’³Ëèe³’Ë^læÚˆ]m^‚m‚éœì†pÚà�Îè]ÖjÃfn†(æuŠà]Ö’çl(æÚài×Ô]Ö’Ë^l(

æ]¢‰³^Ön³g]Ö³ÛÛjÃè]ÖjçÒn‚ó有×çh]ÖjçÒn‚mÂùÚàœâÜæ‰^ñØ]Öjª$n†ÊoœÂÛ^Ñ]ÖßËçŒæ]ÖÏ×çhó

æÖ³×j³çÒn³‚�æ…â³^ÝʳoiÏçmè]ÖÛÃ^Þoæ…Â^mè]ŸÞŠr^ÝÚÄ]ÖÛç]ÎÌóæÎfØ]ÖíçšÊo]ÖÛç•çÅÞf‚œ

e„Ò†æiç•nx]Öj^Òn‚V

Î^Ù*Ú^Ý]Ö×Çè]eàÊ^…ŒÊoÚÃrÛä]ÖCãn†iç•nv÷ZZ]ÖjçÒn‚XXV

æÒ³‚Vҳ׳Ûèi‚ÙÂ×oO‚æ*uÓ^ÝæZZœæÒ‚ÂÏ‚ÕXXœpO‚éæZZ]ÖçÒ^�XXVufØiC‚ùeä]Öfφé

ó EOD Âß‚]Öv×gæmÏçÖçáVæÒ‚æÒ‚å]ƒ]œÚùäæÂßoeäXX

æʳoÚ³^�³éZZæÕ�XXγ^Ù]ֳáÚè]Öˆen‚pVZZ]ÖjçÒn‚e^Öç]æœÊ’xÚà]ÖjªÒn‚æmÏ^ÙVæÒ‚l

ó EPD ]ÖnÛnà(æ]ÖãÛˆÊo]ÖÃÏ‚œqç�(æiÏçÙ*ƒ]ÂÏ‚lVZZʪ҂XXæ]ƒ]u×ËkVZZÊçÒ‚XX

æœÚ³^]Ö³Û³Ãßo]Ÿ‘_¡uoÖ×jçÒn‚ÊãçVZZÖËÀm†]�eäiÛÓnà]ÖÛÃßoÊo]ÖßË‹œæ*‡]Öè]ÖCÔ

ó EQD Âà]Öv‚m&œæ]ÖÛv‚'ÂßäXX

*Âj³†š]ÖÛ×v‚æáÂ×o]Öφ�á]ÖÓ†mÜæ]ÖŠßè]ÖßfçmèeÛ^ÊnãÛ^Úà]ÖjªÒn‚]læœÞÓ†æ]æÎçÂã^

ʳo]ֳϳ†�á]ÖÓ†mÜʪq^hœâØ]ÖÃ×Üæ…�æù]Â×n`ÜeªáùV]Öφ�áÞˆÙÂ×oÖŠ^á]ÖÏçÝæÊoÖŠ^ÞãÜ]ÖjªÒn‚

æ]ÖjÓ†]…ó

æγ^Ù]ÖCn³îÂf³‚]Ö³Ï^â†]Ör†q^ÞoVÖ_†Ñ]ÖjçÒn‚�æ…â^ÊoiÏçmè]ÖÛÃ^Þoæ…Â^mè]ŸÞŠr^Ý

ó ERD ÚÄ]ÖÛç]ÎÌ]ÖjoiÏj–oÚàœ‰×çh]Öφ�áæq^ðÊo‘ç…OjoÚŠjã‚Êè]ŸÎß^Åæ]Öfn^á

æγ‚]âj³Ü]ÖCn³îÂf³‚]Ö³Ï^â†]Ör†q^ÞoeÓCÌ]ÖÏß^ÅÂàœâÛnèeØ]¢ÞÛ^½Ö×jçÒn‚]Öjo

mrÃ×ã^]ÖÃ^ÚèæiíËoÂàÒ%n†Úà]Öí^‘èæœæ…�Âà]eà]¢Þf^…pÊoÒj^eäZZ�ŸñØ]¦Âr^‡XXœÞùäÎ^ÙV

196

Page 222: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

…Ò³g]ֳӳ߂p]ÖÛjË׊Ì*Öo]eo]ÖÃf^Œ]ÖÛf†�æÎ^ÙÖäV*ÞùoŸq‚ÊoÒ¡Ý]ÖÆhuCç]÷(

ÊÏ^ÙÖä]eç]ÖÃf^ŒVÊoœpùÚç•Äæq‚lƒÖÔ[ÊÏ^ÙVœq‚]ÖÆhmÏçÖçáVZZÂf‚]²Î^ñÜXX$ÜmÏçÖçáVZZ

*áÂf³‚]²Î³^ñ³ÜXX$³Üm³Ï³çÖçáV*áùÂf‚]²ÖÏ^ñÜXXóÊ^¢ÖË^ÁÚjÓ†…éæ]ÖÛÃßoæ]u‚ÊÏ^Ù]eç]ÖÃf^ŒVeØ

]ÖÛÃ^ÞoÚíj×ËèŸìj¡Í]¢ÖË^ÁWÊÏçÖãÜVZZÂf‚]²Î^ñÜXX*ìf^…ÂàÎn^Úä(æÎçÖãÜVZZ*áÂf‚]²Î^ñÜXX

q³ç]hÂ³à‰³©]Ù‰³^ñØæÎçÖãÜVZZ*áÂf‚]²ÖÏ^ñÜXXqç]hÂà*ÞÓ^…ÚßÓ†În^ÚäÊÏ‚iÓ†ù…l]¢ÖË^Á

ó ESD ÖjÓ†]…]ÖÛÃ^Þo(Î^ÙVÊÛ^œq^h]ÖÛjË׊Ìqç]e÷

æÚ³^ƒÒ³†Ê³oⳄå]Ö³†æ]mèÚàœÞÛ^½]ÖjçÒn‚*áâç*Ÿq^ÞgmŠn†Úàœ‰^Öng‚m‚éæÖÓà

]ֳϳ†�á]Ö³Ó³†m³Ü΂iç‰ùÄÊo]‰jí‚]Ýâ„]]¢‰×çh]ÖË’nxæ]Öf×nÈæ…ÒùˆÂ×nä΂…]÷æ]ʆ]÷΂mÛnùˆåÂà

]ֳ߳’³ç”]ֳó†enùè]¢ì³†pe³vn&Î×ùÛ^Þr‚�mèií×çÚàæqäÚàæqçâä]ÖÛíj×ËèÖ×jçÒn‚(æœu‹ù

ó ETD ]¦Ú^Ý]Öˆ…ÒCo{eÓ%†éOnçÅÖã^Ê’¡ÊoÚ_×Äiß^æÖ䢉^Öng]Öφ�áæÊßçÞä]Öf×nÇè

æe³Ã³‚ƒÒ³†â„]]Öjç•nxmj–xæmjfnùàÖß^œáÊo]Öφ�áiçÒn‚æmßCª]ÖŠ©]Ù]¤áâØÖ×jçÒn‚

•†æ…é[æÚ^âoœÆ†]•ä[æÚ^âoœÞç]Âä[

]ÖjçÒn‚Ÿm©ioeä]ŸÖv^qè(æÖ×jçÒn‚�æ]Âo有f^hæÚ†]ifäÎ^ÙeÖãÜÊnã^V

]Þ³Û^m©ioeäÖ×v^qèÖ×jv†‡ÂàƒÒ†Ú^ŸÊ^ñ‚éÖä(ʬáÒ^á]ÖÛí^›gì^Öo]Ö„âàæ‰^ƒq÷

œÖ³Ï³o*Ön³ä]Ö³Ó¡Ýe‚æái^Òn‚!æ*áÒ^áÚj†�ù�]ÊnäuŠàiÏçmjäeÛ©Ò‚æ*áÒ^áÚßÓ†]æqgiªÒn‚å

æm†]ÂoÊo]ÖÏçéæ]Ö–ÃÌevŠgu^Ù]ÖÛßÓ†ó

æÚ%³^ÙƒÖÔ]ÖÛßÓ†ÒÛ^ÊoÎçÙ]²‰fv^ÞäæiÃ^ÖoÂà…‰ØÂnŠoÂ×nä]ÖŠ¡ÝV™…øe%ßø^møÃû×øÜö

æøÚø^Âø×ønûßø«]ôŸ$]Öûfø×FÈö]ÖûÛöfônûàö—EUDó O ]ôÞ$«]ôÖønûÓöÜûÖøÛö†û‰ø×öçûá

æƒÖÔœá]ÖÓË^…ÞËç]…‰^ÖjãÜe%¡$èœÎç]ÙV

ó ELMD œ¢æùÙÎçÖãÜV™Úø^]øÿÞûjöÜû*ôŸ$eøCø†ºÚ(%û×ößø^—

ó EMMD — ðõ ]Ö%^ÞoÎçÖãÜV™æøÚø«]øÞûøÙø]Ö†$uûÛFàöÚôàûOøoû

ó ENMD ]Ö%^Ö&ÎçÖãÜV™]ôáû]øÞûjöÜû]ôŸ$iøÓû„ôeöçûá—

ææq³ä]Öj³^Òn‚ÊnäœÞäÊo EOMD ʳ†�ùæ]³׳oÞ¿n†åe%¡$蜉^Öng(]¢æÙÎçÖãÜV™…øe%ßø^møÃû×øÜö—

æ]Ö%³^Ö³&γçÖã³ÜV™æøÚø³^Âø×ønûßø«]ôŸ$]Öûfø¡É EPMD ڳó߳oΊ³Üæ]Ö%³^Þ³oγçÖã³ÜV™]ôÞ$«]ôÖønûÓöÜûÖøÛö†û‰ø×öçûáø—

197

Page 223: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

EQMD ]ÖûÛöfônûàö—

æγ‚m³ßˆÙ]ÖÛßÓ†ÒÇn†]ÖÛßÓ†æÂÓŠäæ΂]qjÛÃ^ÊoÎçÙ]²iÃ^ÖoV™$öÜ$]ôÞ$ÓöÜûeøÃû‚øƒFÖôÔø

ó ERMD $öÜ$]ôÞ$ÓöÜûmøçûÝø]ÖûÏônFÛøèôiöfûÃø%öçûá— O ÖøÛønôùjöçûá

œÒ³‚l]¢Ú³^Þèej³ªÒn³‚m³àæ*áÖÜmßÓ†æ]Öj߈mØ]ÖÛí^›fnàÖjÛ^�mãÜÊo]ÖÇË×èÚ߈ÖèÚàmßÓ†

]Ö³Û³çl(æœÒ³‚]$f³^l]ÖfÃ&ejªÒn‚æ]u‚æ*áÒ^áœÒ%†¢ÞäÖÛ^Ò^Þkœ�Öjä¾^â†éÒ^áq‚m†]eªáŸ

ó ESMD mjÓ†…æmj†��Ênäu%ù^ÖãÜÂ×o]Öß¿†Êoœ�Öjä]Öç]•vè

æœÚ³^œÆ³†]š]Öj³çÒn³‚ʳϳ‚q³«ðƒÒ³†åʳoÒj^h]²iÃ^Öo¢Æ†]šÒ%n†éÚßã^iÏ‚m†Vœá

]²Î³^ÙiÃ^ÖoV™]ôÞ$«]øÞûøÖûßø«]ôÖønûÔø]ÖûÓôjFgøeô^ÖûvøÐôù ]Ö³Ój^h]Ö„pq«ðeä…‰çÙ]²"#âçÚ߈ÙÚàÂß‚

æøÖøçû]øá$Îö†û!Þ÷^‰önôù†ølûeôäô]Öûrôfø^Ùö]øæûÎö_ôùÃøkûeôäô]Ÿûø…ûšö]øæû ™ óæÎ^ÙV ETMD ÖôjøvûÓöÜøeønûàø]Öß$^ŒôeôÛø«]ø…FñÔø]Ö×#äö—

ó EUMD — Òö×ôùÜøeôäô]ÖûÛøçûiFoeøØûÖôù×#äô]ŸûøÚû†öqøÛônûÃ÷^

æÚ³ßã³Û³^i³Ó³Ë³Ø]²e³v³ËÀ]Öφ�áÚà]Öjf‚mØæ]Öjv†mÌæ]ÖßÏ“æ]Öˆm^�éefÏ^ñä‰^ÖÛ^Î^Ù

ó ELND iÃ^ÖoV™]ôÞ$^ÞøvûàöÞø$Öûßø^]Ö„ôùÒû†øæø]ôÞ$^ÖøäüÖøvFËô¿öçûá—

ðø???? ÂøÜ$møjøŠø^ ™ æÚ³ßã³^]Ö³†�Â×oÚßÓ†p]ÖfÃ&]Ö„pÒˆeä]Ör‚Ù΂mÛ^æu‚m%÷Î^ÙÂùæqØùV

ó EMND ‰ønøÃû×øÛöçûá— $öÜ$Òø¡$ O Òø¡$‰ønøÃû×øÛöçûáø O ]Ö$„ôpûâöÜûÊônûäôÚöíûjø×ôËöçûá O Âøàô]Öß$føô]ÖûÃø¿ônûÜ O Ööçûá

æÚ³ßã³^œáÒj³^h]²Òj³^hⳂ]mèm³ßn³†]Öf³’³^ñ³†æm³r³Ã×ã^iãj‚p*ÖoœÎçÝ›†mÐÎ^Ù]²

³ˆæq³ØV™]ôá$âF³„ø]]Öû³Ïö³†û!áømøãû³‚ôpûÖô³×$jô³oûâô³oø]øÎû³çøÝöæømöføCôù³†ö]ÖûÛöç+Úôßônûàø]Ö$„ômûàømøÃûÛø×öçûáø]Ö’#×ôvFkô]øá$ÖøãöÜû

ENNDó ]øqû†÷]Òøfônû†÷]—

]Ö×Ë¿oæ]ÖÛÃßçpó : æâÛ^ æÖ×jçÒn‚ÞçÂ^á

]ÖjçÒn‚]Ö×Ë¿o MMMM!!!!â³çi³Ó³†]…]Ö×ËÀ]ÖŠ^eÐeß’äœæe×ËÀ�ì†Ú†]�ÍÖäæ]ÖÛ©Ò‚]ÖÛjfçÅ΂mÓçá]‰Û÷(æ΂

mÓçáÊá÷æ΂mÓçá]‰ÜÊÃØ(ÊÛà]ÖÛ†]�ÍÎçÙ]²iÃ^ÖoV

—XZ æâ³Ó³„]ÎçÖä]Ÿì†™øÆø†ø]eônûgö‰öçû� EPND æγçֳ䙕ønôùÏ÷^uø†øq÷÷— EOND ™Êô³rø^q÷^‰öfö¡÷—

æ]Ö³×Ë¿omÓçáÊo]Ÿ‰Ü]ÖßÓ†ée^ŸqÛ^Å(æÚ%^Ù]ÖjçÒn‚ ERND — �øÒ&^�øÒ&^ EQNDæÚà]Ÿ‰ÜÎçÖäV™

æm³ÓçáÊo]ÖÛr†æ…(ÞvçV ESND ]ֳ׳˳¿oe^‰Ü]ÖËÃØÒÏçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™âønûø^løâønûø^løÖôÛø^iöçûÂø‚öæûá—

198

Page 224: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

]ôá$ O Êøôá$ÚøÄø]ÖûÃöŠû†ômöŠû†÷] æÊo]ÖrÛ×è(ÞvçV™ ETND ™æø]øÚ$³^]Ö$„ômûàø‰öÃô‚öæû]ÊøËôo]Öûrøß$èôìF×ô‚ômûàøÊônûãøõ—

ó EUND — ÚøÄø]ÖûÃöŠû†ômöŠû†÷]

]ֳdz†šÚ³à]Öj³çÒn³‚]Ö×Ë¿oœÚç…(œâÛã^iÛÓnà]ÖŠ^ÚÄÚài‚]…ÕÖËÀÖÜmŠÛÃäœæ‰ÛÃä

æÖ³Ó³àÖ³Üm³ßjf³ä!æ΂mÓçá]Ödžš]Öjã‚m‚ÒÏçÙ]²‰fv^ÞäæiÃ^ÖoÊoì_^h]ÖÛÃ^Þ‚màe^Öf^›ØV

ó ELOD — $öÜ$Òø¡$‰øçûÍøiøÃû×øÛöçûá O Òø¡$‰øçûÍøiøÃû×øÛöçûá ™

ó EMOD — $öÜ$Úø«]ø�û…FñÔøÚø^møçûÝö]Ö‚ôùmûà O æøÚø«]ø�û…FñÔøÚø^møçûÝö]Ö‚ôùmûà æ΂mÓçá]ÖjãçmØÞvçV™

œÒ‚eªáæe^‰Ü]ÖË^ÂØ ENOD — XZ æγ‚mÓçáÎ’‚ivÏnÐ]ÖÛíf†eäÒÏçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™]ôÞôùoûqø^ÂôØ

æÚ%×äÎçÖäiÃ^Öou^Òn^ EOOD ÚÄœÞãÜÖnŠç]eC^ÒnàÊo]Öíf†óæâÓ„]ÎçÖäV™*ÞùÔÚnùkæ*ÞùãÜÚnùjçá—

EPOD Âà‰nù‚Þ^Þç|Â×nä]ÖŠ¡ÝV™]ôÞ$Ôø]ôáûiø„ø…ûâöÜûmö–ô×%çû]Âôfø^�øÕø—

EQOD æÚßã^ƆšœÆ^¾ä]ÖŠ^ÚÄe„ÖÔ]Öíf†(ÒÏçÖä™*Þ$ÔøÖøÛôàø]ÖûÛö†û‰ø×ônûàø—

æÚ³ßã^]Öj†Æng(ÒÏçÖäV™Êøjø^høÂø×ønûÓöÜû]ôÞ$äüâöçø]Öj$ç$]hö]Ö†$uônûÜ—ERODœÒù‚eª…eÄi^Òn‚]l(

æâ³oV*á(•³Ûn†]ÖË’Ø(]ÖÛfÖÇj^áÚÄ]Ö’ËjnàÖä(Ön‚ÙùÂ×oi†Æng]²]ÖÃf‚Êo]Öjçeè(ÊÞä]ƒ]Â×܃ÖÔ›ÛÄ

( ESOD — Êø³ôÚ$^møûiônøß$ÓöÜûÚôùßôùoûâö‚÷p ʳo³˳çåæ΂mÓçá]¢Â¡Ýeªá]ÖÛíf†eäÒ×äÚàÂß‚]ÖÛjÓ×Ü(ÒÏçÖäV™

�æá]ŸÎj³’³…³׳oZZm³ªin³ß³Ó³ÜⳂpXX!æâ³Ó³„]³×n³äÎçÖäV™Îø‚ûqø^ðøiûÓöÜûÚøçûÂô¿øèºÚôàû…øeÓÜæOË^ðÖÛ^Êo

ó EUOD — Úôùàû…$eôùÓöÜ XZ ðøÒöÜûeö†ûâø^á ???? 5møm%ãø^]Öß$^ŒöÎø‚ûqø^ æÚ%×ä™ ETOD ]Ö’‚æ…—

(æγçÙÞfnùß^ ELPD æÚ³ßã³^V]Öj³Ã³†m³˜e³ªÚ†�ì†(ÒÏçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™…øhôù]ôÞôùoû¾ø×øÛûköÞøËûŠôo—

æÎçÖäiÃ^ÖoÂ×oÖŠ^á]݉n‚iß^ EMPD æ‰nù‚Þ^Úç‰oÂ×nä]ÖŠ¡ÝV™…hù*Þo]ÞˆÖk*ÖoùÚàìn†ÊÏn†—

(i³Ã†m–^eŠ©]ÙÎfçÖã^(ʬÞã^ ENPD Ú³†m³Ü³×nã^]ÖŠ¡ÝV™Êø×øÛ$^æø•øÃøjûø^Îø^Öøkû…øhôù]ôÞôùoûæø•øÃûjöãø«]öÞû%Fo—

Ò^Þki_×gÖ×ß„…ƒÒ†]ó

æœÚ^ÞçÂnè]‰jÃÛ^Ÿl]ÖjçÒn‚]Ö×Ë¿oÊão‚m‚éæÚßã^V΂mÓçá]ÖjçÒn‚]Ö×Ë¿oe^ÖÛ’‚…

]Ö³Û³©Ò³‚ֳó^ڳ׳ä!æ]ÖÛ’‚…Úàun&ÚÃß^åVâç]Ÿ‰Ü]Ö„pm‚ÙÆ^Öf^Â×o]Öv‚']ÖÛr†�ÚàÆn†

]…if³^½e³ˆÚ^áœæÚÓ^áœæe„]lœæeÃ×ÛnèæÚ‚ÖçÖä]ÖvÏnÏoœÚ†ÚÃßçpÚv˜m‚ÙÂ×nä]Ö×ËÀ]ÖÛÆæÍ

óæŸe‚ÚàÞ^unjä]Ö×Ë¿nèVœámCjÛØÂ×oqÛnÄ]Öv†æÍ¢‘×nèæ]Öˆ]ñ‚éÊoÊÃ×äÖË¿÷œæiÏ‚m†]÷ó

œæÚ^ EOPD æi³^Òn³‚]ֳ˳ÃØe^ÖÛ’‚…(æÚßäÎçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™Ê¬áùqãßùÜqˆ]¨ÒÜqˆ]ðÚçÊç…]—

199

Page 225: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

æâ³Ó³„]ÎçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™æø‰ø×ôùÛöçû]iøŠû×ônûÛ÷^— EPPD ]Oj³Ðڳ߳äÚàÊÃØÞvçV™æøÒø×$Üø]Ö×#äöÚöçû‰FoiøÓû×ônûÛ÷^—

ó ESPD œææ‘ÌÞvç™æø]Ö?’#Ë#kô‘øË&^— ERPD æ™æâoiÛ†ùÚ†ù]ÖŠv^h— EQPD

‰ø×ûßFÔø æø]ø…û æγ‚m³Ó³çá]Öj³çÒn‚e^Öv^Ù]ÖÛ©Ò‚éÖÃ^Ú×ã^æ‘^ufã^æÚ%^ÙƒÖÔÎçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™

—u^ÙÚà]ÖÓ^ÍÊo …ø‰öçûŸ÷ ʳoⳄ]]ÖÛ%^Ù]ÖjçÒn‚mCÛØ]Ö×ËÀæ]ÖÛÃßo(Êo™ ETPD — Öô×ß$^Œô…ø‰öçûŸ÷

™œ…‰×ßFÔø—Â×oiÏ‚m†ƒ]…‰^Öèó

æγ‚m³Ó³çá]Öj³çÒn³‚e³–Ûn†]ÖË’Øóæ]¤m^l]ÖjoiÛ%Øâ„]]Ÿ‰×çhÚf%ç$èÊoÒj^h]²

i³Ã³^Ö³oæγ‚mÓçá•Ûn†Æ^ñgæÚ†émÓçá•Ûn†Úí^›gæi^…émÓçá•Ûn†ÚjÓ×Ü!æÚ%^ÖäV™ÎöØû]ôá$

]‰jí‚Ý•Ûn†ZZâçXXæÚàœÚ%×è•Ûn†Úí^›gÎçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™…øe$ßø^iøÏøf$ØûÚôß$^ EUPD âö‚øp]Ö×#äôâöçø]Öûãö‚Fp—

Ênä•Ûn†œÞkÊ’ØÚ©Ò‚ó ELQD ]ôÞ$Ôø]øÞûkø]ÖŠ$ÛônûÄö]ÖûÃø×ônûÜö—

(æ™]ôá$Öø³ßø³^Ÿøøqû†÷]]ôáûÒöß$^Þøvûàö EMQD ]øÞø^…øe%Ô— ? æÚ³àœÚ%³×蕳Ûn³†Új³Ó×ÜÎçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™]ôÞôùoû

]‰jí‚Ý•Ûn†ZZœÞ^XXÖ×ÛjÓ×Ü]ÖÛˆ�æ•Ûn†ZZÞvàXXÖrÛ^Âè]ÖÛjÓ×ÛnàÖ×jªÒn‚ó ENQD ]ÖûÇF×ôfônûàø—

æγ‚m³Óçá]ÖjçÒn‚e^Öf‚Ù(æmCÛØe‚Ù]ÖÓØæ]ÖfØÚà]ÖÓØæe‚Ù]ŸOjÛ^ÙóæÚàœÚ%×ã^

(Ênäe‚Ù]ÖÓØÚà]ÖÓØó EOQD ‘ô†ø]½ø]Ö$„ômûàø]øÞûÃøÛûkøÂø×ønûãôÜ— O ÎçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™]ôâû‚ôÞø^]Ö’ôù†ø]½ø]ÖûÛöŠûjøÏônûÜ

(Ên³äe‚Ù]ÖfØÚà]ÖÓØó™møŠûòø×öçûÞøÔø EPQD ™æøÖô³×#³äôÂø×øo]Öß$^Œôuôs%]ÖûfønûkôÚøàô]‰ûjø_ø^Åø]ôÖønûäô‰øfônû¡÷—

(Ênäe‚Ù]ŸOjÛ^Ù! EQQD Âøàô]ÖC$ãû†ô]Öûvø†ø]ÝôÎôjø^ÙõÊônûä—

æm³Ó³çá]Öj³çÒn³‚e¿†Í‡Ú^áÊãçmªioÚ©‰Š^æÚ©Ò‚]Ê^ƒ]œioeÛÃßoq‚m‚Ò^áÚ©‰ùŠ÷(

Ênä¾†Í ERQD ]ø‰û†FpeôÃøfû‚ôåÖønû¡÷óóóó— ? æ*áÒ³^áÚr†�]Ò^áÚ©Ò‚]ÊÓÛ^ÎçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™‰öfûvFàø]Ö$„ôpû

Ú©Ò‚ŸÚ©‰‹ó

æγ‚m³Óçá]ÖjçÒn‚e^ÖßÃkÒÏçÙ]²‰fv^ÞäæiÃ^ÖoV™æø]Öûçø]Öô‚Flömö†û•ôÃûàø]øæûŸø�øâöà$uøçûÖønûàôÊnäÒ×ÛèZZÒ^Ú×nàXXÞÃkÖvçÖnàæÚËn‚Ö×jçÒn‚( ESQD Òø^Úô×ønûà—

™O‚m‚— ETQD æâÓ„]ÖËÀæÎçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™]á]Ö„màÒˆæ]e«m^l]²ÖãÜ„]hO‚m‚—

‘ËèÖÄ]hÚ©Ò‚éó

æγ‚m³Óçá]ÖjçÒn‚hZZmªmã^XXæ]¤m^l]ÖjoiÛ%Øâ„]]Ÿ‰×çh]ÖjçÒn‚pÚf%ç$èÊo]Öφ�á

]Ö³Ûrn‚æeØ]¤m^lì^”eß‚]ð]Ößfo"#æeØeß‚]ð]ÖÛ©ÚßnàæeØì^”eß‚]ð]Öß^Œ(æeÖã^

200

Page 226: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

e³ß³‚]ð]Ö³–³^Ön³àæÞ³‚]ðÖÇn†Ú^iÏ‚ÝæÚàœÚ%×j`^ÎçÖäV™5møm%ãø^]Ö†$‰öçûÙöeø×ôùÈûÚø«]öÞûôÙø]ôÖønûÔøÚôàû…$eôùÔø—

Þ‚]ðÚçqä*Öo]ÖÛ©Úßnà ELRD Þ³‚]ðì^”e^Ößfo"#æÎçÖäV™5møm%ãø^]Ö$„ômûàø!Úøßöçû]ŸøiøÏöçûÖöçû]…ø]Âôßø^— EUQD

5møm%ãø^ Ên³äÞ‚]ðmjÃ×Ðe^Öß^ŒÂÛçÚ÷óæÎçÖäV™ EMRD æγçÖäV™5møm%ãø^]Öß$^Œö]Âûfö‚öæû]…øe$ÓöÜû]Ö$„ôpûìø×øÏøÓöÜ—

ÊnäÞ‚]ðì^”eªâØ]Ö–¡ÙóæâÓ„]ÎçÖä ENRD — ]Ö$³„ômûàø]öæûiöç]]ÖûÓôjFgø!Úôßöçû]eôÛø^Þø$Öûßø^Úö’ø‚ôùÎ÷^ÖôùÛø^ÚøÃøÓöÜ

ÊnäÞ‚]ðÖÇn†Ú^iÏ‚Ýó EORD áûÒößûjöÜûÖô׆%ðûmø^iøÃûfö†öæûá— ]ô ™5møm%ãø^]ÖûÛø¡øö]øÊûjöçûÞôoûÊôoû…öðûmø^pø

]ÖjçÒn‚]ÖÛÃßçp NNNN!!!!ó EPRD âçeªÖË^ÁÚv’ç…éÚßã^]ÖßË‹æ]ÖÃnàæâÛ^Ö†ÊÄ]ÖÛr^‡Âà]Ö„]lÞÏçÙVq«ð‡m‚ÞËŠä

æâÓ„]ƒÒ†ÊoO†|]eàÂÏnØÂ×oœÖËnè]eàÚ^ÖÔœá]ÖjçÒn‚]ÖÛÃßçpæâçÂ×o•†enàœu‚âÛ^

æƒÖÔÞvçq^ð‡m‚ÞËŠäæÖÜmªlÊo EQRD Ú³^m†ÊÄiçâÜÚ–^Í*Öo]ÖÛ©Ò‚æÖäÖË¿^á]ÖßË‹æ]ÖÃnà

]ֳϳ†�ái³^Òn‚e^ÖßË‹æŸe^ÖÃnàæ*ÞÛ^æ…�]ÖjªÒn‚eÓØæœqÛÄœÚ^iç]eÃã^ÊãoœÒjÄæœe’xæœe%ÄæÖÜ

m³†�ƒÒ³†â^Êo]Öφ�á]ÖÓ†mÜæmrgÊo]ÖÛ©Ò‚ÒçÞäÚÆÊèæO„ÎçÙÂ^ñCè…•o]²Âßã^VZZÚ^‘^Ý

ó ERRD …‰çÙ]²"#Oã†]÷Ò×ä]Ÿ…Ú–^áXX

æm³¡uÀœÞä΂mÓçáÒ×ÛèZZÒØXX ESRD æⳄå]ÖÛŠªÖèÊnã^ì¡ÍÚÆæÍenà]ÖßvçmnàXX

!mFjôßø^ ]ø…ømûßFäö Ö³×jçÒn‚ÚàÆn†œáiËn‚]ÖCÛçÙæ]ÖÃÛçÝ]ÖvÏnÏoÊÛ^ÊoÎçÙ]²‰fv^ÞäæiÃ^ÖoV™æøÖøÏø‚û

ó ETRD Òö×$ãø^ÊøÓø„$høæø]øeFo—

ʳªá]²i³Ã³^Ö³oÖ³Üm_×ÃäÂ×oqÛnÄ�m^iäæâ„]¢áÒ×ÛèZZÒØXXÒÛ^m„Ò†æá΂m†]�Úßã^

]Ö³Ó³Ø]Ö³Û³r³Û³ç³oÒ³^¤mèæγ‚]m³†]�Ú³ßã³^]Ö³Ó³Ø]ÖrÛnÃo]Ö„pmCÛØ]¢Ê†]�ʆ�]÷ʆ�]÷Úßã^]ÖÓØ

]Ö³Û³r³Û³ç³oÒ³^¤mè(æ΂m†]�Úßã^]ÖÓØ]ÖrÛnÃo]Ö„pmCÛØ]¢Ê†]�ʆ�]÷ʆ�]÷óæœm–÷]ÖßË‹æ]ÖÃnà

]Ö³’vnxÂß‚ÊÏ‚]ÖÛ©Ò‚æÎçÂãÛ^ÚÃÛçÖnàœun^Þ^ÖfØ]ÖÃç]ÚØæœÊ^�iãÛ^]ÖjçÒn‚]ÖÛÃßçpÚÄ]Újß^Å

ó EURD ]†]eãÛ^içÒn‚]÷æÚà]¢Ú%×èÎçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™Òøjøgø…øe%ÓöÜûÂø×FoÞøËûŠôäô]Ö†$uûÛøèø—

æÚ³à]¤m^l]Öjoæ…�Ênã^]ÖjçÒn‚]ÖÛÃßçpeÓØæœqÛÄÎçÙ]²‰fv^ÞäæiÃ^ÖoV™æøÂø×$Üø!�øÝø]Ÿûø‰ûÛø«ðø

æ]ÖÛ†]�Úà]Ÿ‰Û^ð]Öç]…�éÊo]ŸmèÚÃ^Þo]Ÿ‰Û^ðæâoœOn^ð]ÖÓçáæìç]‘ã^æ‘Ë^iã^( ELSD Òö×$ãø^—

æâÓ„]ÎçÖäiÃ^ÖoV™ÊøŠørø‚ø]ÖûÛø×5òôÓøèöÒö×%ãöÜû]øqûÛøÃöçûá—EMSDó

â„]ÚrÛØÚ^æ‘Ø]Önã^â„]]ÖÓ¡Ýæ]²‰fv^ÞäæiÃ^Öo]Â×Üe^Ö’ç]hæâçæÖo]ÖjçÊnÐó

201

Page 227: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

]Öãç]Ú!M!Úàu‚m&]ÖCÆæ]Öß%†V”VNNQó

‰ç…émç‰Ì(NMVNó N!

RLMi³v³Ïn³ÐÂf³‚]ÖŠ¡ÝÚvÛ‚â^…æá(Ú_fÃèÚ’_Ëo / ڳór³ÜÚ³Ï^mn‹]Ö×ÇèŸeàÊ^…Œ(Ú^�éZZæÕ�XXR O!

]Öv×foÚ’†(›fÃè$^ÞnèNSUMÝó

OSTMó / i^t]ÖÆæŒÖ׊n‚ÚvÛ‚Ú†i–o]Öˆen‚pÊ’Ø]ÖãÛˆéÚàe^h]Ö‚]ÙM P!

TOM(›fÃèœæÖo / ]ֳ۳ϳ†hÖÃ×oeàÚ©Úà]ÖÛÆæÍe^eàÂ’Ëç…(ivÏnÐ]uÛ‚Âf‚]ÖŠj^…æÂf‚]²]Övfç…pM Q!

MSUMÝó

�Ÿñ³Ø]ŸÂ³r³^‡Ê³oÂ×Ü]ÖÛÃ^ÞoÖÃf‚]ÖÏ^â†]Ör†q^Þo”NPN!OPN(ivÏnÐÚvÛç�ÚvÛ‚O^Ò†”QMO R!

ÚÓjfè]Öí^Þro(]ÖÏ^â†é(›fÃè$^ÞnèUTUMÝ�]…]ÖÛÆÊèÖ×_f^Âèæ]ÖßC†en†ælTSUMÝó

]ÖÛ’‚…]ÖŠ^eÐæ]Ö’Ëvèœm–÷ó R!

PTO(Ú_fÃèÂnŠo / ]Öf³†â³^áʳo³׳çÝ]Öφ�áÖÛvÛ‚eàÂf‚]²]Öˆ…ÒCo(ivÏnÐÚvÛ‚]eç]ÖË–Ø]e†]ânÜN S!

]Öf^eo]Öv×foÚ’†(›fÃè$^ÞnèNSUMÝó

LUOó / ]ÖÛ’‚…]ÖŠ^eÐN T!

U!‰ç…ém‹(ROVRM(MSó

LM!‰ç…ém‹(ROVQMó

MM!‰ç…ém‹(ROVQMó

NM!‰ç…ém‹(ROVQMó

OM!‰ç…ém‹(ROVQMó

PM!‰ç…ém‹(ROVRMó

QM!‰ç…ém‹?(ROVOM!SMó

‰ç…é]ÖÛ©Úßçá(QMVRMó RM!

LUOMUO*Öo]ÖŠ_†]Öí^Ú‹ó / ]Öf†â^áN SM!

‰ç…é]Öߊ^ð(PVQLMó TM!

‰ç…é]ֆ‚(OMVMOó UM!

‰ç…é]Övr†(QMVUó LN!

‰ç…é]Ößfª(STVM!Qó MN!

‰ç…é]Ÿ‰†]ð(SMVUó NN!

202

Page 228: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

‰ç…é]ŸÞfn^ð(MNVMOó ON!

‰ç…é]ŸÞÃ^Ý(RVQNMó PN!

‰ç…é]ÖË^›†(QOVSN!RNó QN!

‰ç…é]ÖÛ©Úßçá(ONVROó SN!

‰ç…éâç�(MMVTLMó TN!

‰ç…é]ŸÞC†]|(PUVQ(Ró UN!

‰ç…é]ÖjÓ^$†(NLMVO(Pó LO!

‰ç…é]ŸÞË_^…(NTVSM(TMó MO!

‰ç…é]Öfφé(NVLOó NO!

‰ç…é]ÖˆÚ†(UOVMNó OO!

‰ç…éÞç|(MSVSNó PO!

‰ç…é]Öfφé(NVSOó RO!

‰ç…é]Öfφé(NVTOó SO!

‰ç…ém‹(ROVSQó TO!

‰ç…é]Öߊ^ð(PVPSMó UO!

‰ç…é]ÖßÛØ(SNVPPó LP!

‰ç…é]ÖÏ’“(TNVRM!PNó MP!

UTO!LUOejÇnn†mŠn†ó / ‰ç…é�ÙÂÛ†]á(OVRO(æ]Þ¿†ÖjË’nØâ„å]¢Æ†]šV]Öf†â^áÊoÂ×çÝ]Öφ�áN NP!

‰ç…é]Ÿ‰†]ð(SMVORó OP!

‰ç…é]Öߊ^ð(PVPRMó PP!

‰ç…é]Ÿuˆ]h(OOVRQó QP!

‰ç…é]Öv^Îè(URVPMó RP!

‰ç…é]Ö’^Ê^l(SOVMó SP!

‰ç…é]Öߊ^ð(PVUSó TP!

ó ‰ç…é]Öfφé(NVLNMæ]Þ¿†Ö×Ûm‚‰ç…é�ÙÂÛ†]á(OVLTM(‰ç…é]ÖÛ^ñ‚é(QVSM(‰ç…é]Öjçeè(UVMMM UP!

‰ç…é]Öfφé(NVSNMó LQ!

‰ç…é›ä(LNVNMó MQ!

‰ç…é]ŸÂ†]Í(SVOMMó NQ!

203

Page 229: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

‰ç…é]ÖË^ivè(MVR(Só OQ!

‰ç…é�ÙÂÛ†]á(OVSUó PQ!

‰ç…é]Öfφé(NVSMNó QQ!

‰ç…é]Ÿ‰†]ð(SMVMó RQ!

‰ç…é]Öfφé(NVOONó SQ!

TQ!‰ç…é�ÙÂÛ†]á(OVOó

‰ç…é]ÖÛ^ñ‚é(QVSRó UQ!

‰ç…é]Öfφé(NVPLMó LR!

‰ç…é]Öfφé(NVMNó MR!

‰ç…é]Öߊ^ð(PVSPó NR!

‰ç…émç‰Ì(NMVOPó OR!

OUN(]Ö_fÃè / O³†|γ_³†p]ֳ߳‚pæeØ]Ö’‚pŸeàâC^Ý]ŸÞ’^…p(ivÏnÐÚvÛ‚Úvo]Ö‚màÂf‚]ÖvÛn‚M PR!

]Öv^�mèÂC†éOTOMâþ³ó

LTUMÝ / RLN(�]…]Öj³†]']ֳϳ^â†é(]Ö_fÃè]ÖÃC†æáLLPMâþ³ / O³†|]e³à³ÏnØÂf‚]²Â×oœÖËnè]eàÚ^ÖÔO QR!

PRMÖr¡Ù]Ö‚mà]ÖŠnç›o(]ÖÛÓjfè]ÖjçÊnÏnè(Ú’†ó / æ]Þ¿†âÛÄ]Öãç]ÚÄÊoO†|qÛÄ]Örç]ÚÄO

SOOZZÚ³^‘³^Ý]ÖßfoOã†]Ò^ڡμÆn†…Ú–^áXXæ]Þ¿†‘vnx / ʳo]Öfí^…pev^Onè]ÖŠß‚p(›fÃèÂnŠo]Öv×foM RR!

ó PMQivÏnÐÚvÛ‚Ê©]�Âf‚]Öf^Îo(›fÃèÂnŠo]Öv×fo / ÚŠ×ÜN

]Þ¿†O†|O„æ…]Ö„âgÊoÚÆÊèÒ¡Ý]ÖÆh”TLQ!ULQŸeàâC^Ý]ŸÞ’^…p(ivÏnÐÚvÛ‚Úvo]Ö‚mà SR!

�]…]ŸÞ’^…(Ú’†›fÃèì^ÚŠèÂC†éTSUMÝó

‰ç…é›ä(QNVRQó TR!

QUP!TUPejÇnn†mŠn†ÖÃf^ŒuŠà(�]…]ÖÛÃ^…ÍÚ’†(‰ç…é]ŸÞÃ^ÝVRVPQó / ]Þ¿†]Ößvç]Öç]ÊoO UR!

LS!‰ç…é]Öfφé(NVMOó

MS!‰ç…é]Övr†(QMVLO(‰ç…é”?(QOVOSó

204

Page 230: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

205

���� ��� �� �� ������� Allegorical Exegesis and Its Important Books

������� ����� � �����*

��� ��� ���� ** Abstract

This article is about Tafseer ul ishaari and the Important books

narrated in it. This article is about Sufism and it tells about nature, origin

and evolution of Sufism. It also tells about different kinds of Sufism and

about the kinds of Sufism discussed in Tafseer ul ishaari.

The Difference between Tafseer e Sufi and Tasfeer ul ishaari has

also been narrated in this article. Examples of Tasfeer ul Ishaari have been

given from Quran and Hadith. Scholars' opinion and their differences

regarding Tasfeer ul ishaari have also been discussed in it. Opinion of Ibn

us Sulah , Al-Shatibi, Al-Zarqani, Al-zarkashi, Ibn ul Arabi and As-

Siyouti has been included. Five conditions under which Tasfeer ul ishaari

is acceptable, have also been narrated here.

Important Books written about Tafseer ul ishaari have also been

discussed briefly. Old Mufassireen have devided Tafseer ul ishaari into 5

main kinds and Ishaari Tafaseer are within these 5 kinds. Famous Tafaseer

ul Ishaari that have been discussed in the article are : "Tafseer ul Quraan

lil-Tastari ","Tafseer il Iloosi ", "Haqaiq e Tafseer" by Al-Silmi "Tafseer

e Ibn ul Arabi","Araesul Bayan fi Haqaequl Quran" by Roz Bahan al-Biqli

Ash-Sherazi and "Tafseer ul Nisaburi".

Some other Mufassareen have also written Important exegeses on this

topic but only their names have been given in this article. Such books

include "Lataefil ishaarat " by Qasheeri , "At-Taveelat in Najamiyah" by

Najmuddin Kubra and "Bahr ul Haqaeq wal Ma'ani fi Tafseer al Sabáa Al-

Masani" by Najmuddin Dayah.

�� ��� ������ �� ��� !�"�#�� $%�&#' � ( )� !��%���� $���� *� + ) ,-�� . �&�� /+�01�� ���2� 3�45� ����6� . �#8 ��5!

________________________ * 2� :��� ��88�#�� ;<���!���� �+��= /+���>�? ;#��@ ;!�����8 A. **B��C ��������� D�+��= /+���>�? ;#��@ ;8�#�� ;<���A !����!�����8 A.

Page 231: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

206

E�0��� )F G&�#�� ������ �H�+I+ ) J�� ����K� ���L� �IM#� �H N�O�� !P���� !F DA=�M�L� QF R�&�S�� /� T�U�� V�W� ��� $�P� $�� .� �X �&Y �U���� ��� .� $�I'5 A��U��

QF Z+�Z+� Q�#[ \���A.� $�]5 _` a [� /�� .� QF ^��H $# [� /��A���6� b�� ��:d �e�fgh� h�h� h,�h�iH hah ej[� f/h&h� kE�iH lmf� niOeUhjf[noh+�h� nph+ h)h� q�frh+s)u(Q�#[ \�w �:d x��i' f$e��� h/f� ni�h>� hy n�hw

f� h�e��� h�i i� i$h'�h�n]f�h#hj ej[�fUh� i.� f$f8 ,f�nZhj+ x�f i� xz�h�f�h�s){ ( /+��� T��5� �&|��IUO�� �H N�O�� !P����

���L� �'�� \�w �w�A>G4 �� �� $� Q�#[� $'�} � .� ~"�5B��C �5 /8� G��": �H�� !P����$ %��` Gr�U[ )� $ %�M� ��[ ) �&� $UC�8� �'5")�( "�#�� /8� /��": ���|'�� �#�� �"�5 �:F

/+�01�� ���2� �� $� !g�A!P����")�(. �op' /� ;#+�� ;� G�#' !5 �U� B�+ $ �� H5� ,��4L�_��[ \����-' !5 � w

3� ���. ���: �������� ��

3� ��� �#� :���" :^�+�+ �� ��� .� a� ��U�� \���F �H." �w�" : >��X� A�Z��+ !5 >�4 /6 ��ZhC ��y�U6� ^-H D� A����� ;�"�Y� B���� ��y�U� �H

h��� QF "�#X� A;O%�6�� ��U�� >�� QF V��� ;�"��� ��[ D� A�'���� �yf��� /� ����� "��5 /6���� A�SU��� A��o��� /� z�] )F k�MU��� �+��� �-H ��� A ���L�� R�O�� D �8�����

��2�� R��&���. !��8 ����5 B+-� QF � � )� A!� �U+ ) !��5�[� !��=��� ��U��� ��� !5 �nhj8�01� .�A!� �� R�-��� R��Zp�� /� 5��+ !5 $� �8 �� ;#��� E>��X $��U� >�4 /h&�!:F 3� ��� :

����� A;���"� A�&�� A�O�")�(. ������:���� ������ !"#�

��'�� ;8�} �� /� _|O� A����� \�2� �� �� -U� "�y�� ����-6� �#6� �-? 3� �����5 /h� ZU� !�O� A�"� #�� � �<�� � A�p����� �HI��8 Z��'5 /+-0P A�Z����� �'��� /� �]�#�

���� ���+ � �5 _` A$���� E� +-�� $��U� ;8�[ $U�8 ��� �M�� �p+ /h� ZU�� A��ZU�� �� +� .� ;��C D ������� �HI��8 ����i� /h� �#8 �&� B����-? �Z�4� � F� A;�� �� ��8 ZU�= D ����#i+

�� ��8 �li� /� \�5� Ak�M�� ��|�� !���� D ��Z�4)� �-H !��� AQ�#[: D��6� �� �� 4�H �85 ;U�u�¡ jH.

Page 232: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

207

J�� ��+�S'� ����� ��#[ R�Z�� A;�� �� ¢�£2� �#8 R�e��[ ^�#8 ��� !���� �-H D��Z�� �Z#�� �"��[ �&�� �+�I�[� �&U[ ¢�£2� ^-H R-05� A�Z�� ��#]��[ . ����� $� �w� �� ����¤�

R���[ $� !�p#+ ,-�� �&�#�� ¥�� /� R�+�SU��� ¢�£2� ^-H. ������ �-H D ��2� ��2� $� !�� �� >�Z����� �&�O�6�� ;������ /� ;�� �6� "����� ���� ZU8 k�' �U} X5 ¦� A? ;X�0 ;���� ��'e��� �8 A���� �£ ;������ /� ��-05 �5 _` A�� ��

k�' �U} X5� A;�� �6�8 ZU� ;������8 $ 45 E)�y� §"� �� ���[ ) ;���� �%��¤ /+�+ Zr#8 3� ��� !��+ +� A������� 3� ��� !�8��( Z�#y� A;eUq��� �H5 ��Z© Z�� ���5 �ª A;#+�p�� 3� ��� !�8��( ;eUq��� �H5 \�= ���A�Z��XF� A��U�� ;8�[� A�p����� A�HI�� \�� ���+ ,-��

� D $�� !�r�+ ��"�� ¦� �������k�M�� a8���� !���� ;+�. ��e�«� A;������ ~����8 ���H�S[ A$�H5 _` /� \�y� 3� ��� D �0" ¬w��� ��: /�� !����+� A�+���� ��� !���p+ ��i2� >�Z�� �#8 k�' �U} Xo� AaU� 6� �p����� z:�O�� �HI��8

�Y ��%�" �U� ;�� �� ��#��� ¬�w�� A/+�+�6�� ~� [2� ;8�[ !F� A���:2�� "���2� ��%�" GH A�"��+���� _������ $���� D ;�r�� ¢�£2� �#8 /� �|�5 �� ���#[)­(. �&�w ��� 3� ��� !5 �U� ®r�+ � � �w �ª �+�#��� �-?:

,�S' 3� [ \�2� ����: ;������� �} �� ��� ���+ ,-�� 3� ��� �H�. ��&� 3� [ ¯�� ����: 3� ��� �H� D ������� �HI��� �p���� ��� ���+ ,-��.� ;��C. E�r+5 ��U+ �� �� _����� �#y �ª AN�O�� !P���� _��[ D ��5 $� !�� �&���� /� ����&�w QF :,��4F �5 Gr� D�X _��[� A,�S' D�X _��[)°(.

�� �� ������� ,��4L� �5 Gr��� _����� : ���� R�+P �+�o[ �H �r��¤ �ZU� �ZS+ �� 3�0 ��� N�O�� !P

�"��6� �H�S�� �8� �ZU8 � ���� /O±� A������ z�8�2 �ZS[ ;�0 R���4F)²(. ¯�w�I�� \�w:,��4L� _����� : z�8�2 �ZS[ ;�0 ���4L �H��_<8 !P���� �+�o[ �H

E�r+5 "��6��H�S�� �8� �ZU8 a&�� /O±� 3� ���� ������)³(. �8� �� \�w� :,��4L�_����� : �ZS[ ;�0 R���4L A �H�� 3�0 ��� !P���� �+�o[ �H

����"o���%� 8 .� ��' /ª A��U�� ��H�´�� ������ z�8�5 /� .�8 ����#�� �ZS[�5 A�#�� µ�5 �# ��L�;����8 A;�w��� ¯�#6� �#8 ��H:5 D ¬���'� �5 AS#�� !P���� ����5 ®���� �5 G�L� ��

;±�O�� R�+1� /� "��6� �H�S�� �8� �&ZU8 a&�� !�O�F a� A¯�8���)u¡( .

Page 233: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

208

�Zy� /� ,�SU�� D� �� _������ ,��4L� D� �� _����� �8 ¶����: \�5 $y��� : D� �� /H: D ���U[ ;&�� R����� ��� � U+ ,�SU�� D� �� _����� !5

\IUi+ · AE)�5��: �#8 �Z�� !P����. k��4L� _����� ��5: �? -0o+ ;��� ;]�+� ��� IO[�+ �8 A;&�� R����� ��� IO[�+ ��

A;����� R���4L� ^-H R��� #�� �M� /� �Z� $� �pOU[ ;y�" QF � + ¦� $��' D� ��;'�} ��� 3��#6� /� R�+1� $�&« �� B<�� Bi}i� /� $ �w ��� �ZU[�.

��¯�� $y� : A��#6� /� ;+1� $�&�« �� �� $'5 $ ��X k�+ ,�SU�� D� �� _����� !5 $�� ;+1� �& i« !5 /O± �0P �#� ^>��� ���.

�0P �#� ��UH !5 k�+ �8 A;+1� /� "��i+ �� �� $'5 D� �� k�+ �� ,��4L� _����� ��5>�4 �� � w� E)�5 �ZU� "��i+� ;+1� $�&�« � w /H-�� $�F ¶��U+ ,-�� �H�S�� �#6� �H ��:� A

_`)uu(. �8 a&�� ;���Y a� �H�H�� _` ��� R�+1� $8 \��¸[ ,-�� �H ,��4L� _����� m#+

��K� �#6�� �H�S�� �#6�. �Z� $� �pOU+ ;���� QF � + !5 QF $��' D� �� �?-0o+ ;����� ;]�+��� ��� �&�#+�

&« �� ����+ �U�� b� U��� ��: !�� �:F A����2�� �%������ R���4L�� 3��#6� /� R�+1� $�)� �� !�O+ $'g� ���#� _` /� $�} � �Zp+ �H�4 $� !��� ;8�#�� �H�� �r���.

GH� Z �� D ����8 ,��4L� _����� z�}X5 �Z��W��� R�}�� � ��UH":\�w �H5R���4L� "�";��#6� �H5 \�w "�"��}��� �H5"�"������ z�8�5 \�w." D �|O[ R�}�� 6� ^-H �|��

;U� D��6� ,_p��� ����� R���4L� �%��� _��[�­� jH . �#� ;��#�� �%���� �%��� _��[ D��� GH����� /+���3��#6� ,�� "�O�� �¤"�³¡² jH����2� �p�_��[ D� A ���82� ���� �4��

�� �5 /+-��,� 6� �r�. ��2� /� ��O�� $�� \" ��� ����� �H�� �U� ���w� ;#+�p�� >�&�� /� !����6��

��: �¹� ������� �� 02�� º ����A�ZU���. A!P���� $� \I' ,-�� �X2� $'��+� �-H H_��[ !���+ ;�� �� �5 ��}��� �H5� � /O��

H�S�� _����� �-? -02� a� .� ��� DA����`F ZUO± R�w�-� ,� /&�[��H �5 R�"��� ;8�|¤ ��2� ���.

Page 234: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

209

��[ !5 !��+ ) H� ^"��� Z�� N�O�� !P���� D R���4L� �H5� ;�� �� R�w�-� �UH /�A�"��6� GH �H��� R�w-6� _��[ /� �H�S�� �H5 $��w �� ���wF �#8 � .� /� R���4F ���-0o+ ��5�

�+��� �w5 ~��p���5 R���4L� ��[ !5 ��� a+�p��� �H5 H�� ���8": ���� �UC�8� ��H�� !P���� !F� �����")u{(.

�������$� %$&��'��( ���)�* +� ,-� .� �� ���A$�F !P���� ���4F ��5Q�#[ $��w:d$�#� /� ;#� �: ��U�...s)u�( ;��' D ;+1��

/� .� $ H� �� ��w ��� .� QF �4�+ �X���� !5 QF ���4F �Z� !��+ ������ z�8�5 /O� A;y�I��\�w A ��w ��� /O� �r+5 �4�+ ������� A;��#6� : O�� D .� >��#U8�d /� ;#� �: ��U�

$�#�...s )u�( $�F !��X����d$w=� $�� ��w /��...s )u�(F !��%����$�. Q�#[ $��w�:d����6�� >������ R�w� ��� Fs)u­( z�8�5 /O�A ���I�� 3�� � D ;+1��

Q�#[ . ;UO�6�� ����� ��}�8 )F !�O[ ) z����� ��� .� BH��� !5 QF ���4F�Z� !��+ ������. .�U� BH��6� ��� ��[ .� QF ������ �"�6� �U� a�wFd R�w� �� � F����6�� >������s !F

�+�� ;w����� ����� ®}X ��� BH��6� ¥�8 R"�5)u°( . ��-�D Q�#[ $��w >��U�� ���� :d h!�iZh�n�hj+ h!�i"�hOh+ h) ����� >)��H f\�h&h�

E�|+f�h�s)u²(;+1� D $��w�:d .� fn_h f�Uf� n/f� h!�h� n�h�h� !P���� h!�i�ej8 h�h�hj+ h�h�h5 ����0� f$f� n��i�hyh�h� E�_f|h�s)u³( A D $��w��&Y ����: d»hi��h�njwh5 ¼z�i�ijw ��� n�h5 !P���� h!�i�ej8 h�h�hj+ h�h�h5s){¡(A R�+1� ^-Z�

/�8� �Z� $� !P���� !5 QF _p[ �Z�� . ) �5 ���O�� ��� �#U+ �� Q�#[� $'�} � .� ½!2 ��:� AE�|+�� !�Z��+ !�"�O+ !�&Z�+ ) �5 ��-8 �+�+ ) N�O�� !P���� R�+P D �8���� ��� Zr(�

!�&Z�+ Z� Z�<� /� V�¾ � !P����� Az�� ����� !2 A �H�� Z� ��� Zr� �5 A��O�� ��' ½�4 )� �H�� . ���8��+ !5 ��� Zer�� Az��K� /� ^"��� .� /� !�&Z�+ ) �5 ��-8 "��5 � F�

$[�+P D ���#8 $�F ��� + �� ��Zy ,-�� /C� �� �H ��:� A^"���� .� "� �� ��� ����+ ¦�){u(. .� �$&����/�� 012)��

/� ��+���� $y�05 ,-�� ��� $�P� $�� .� �X ¿U�� �Z� $ ' J�� �+"��2� D ���4F ��5\�w $'5 ��� $�� .� ��X .� \��� /� E���� /��� ;+���" : 3�� �O�� A/�8� �Z� ;+P �O�

a��� �� �O�� A��" QF E������ 3�� /8 /À��� � � ;+��� /� �&�+��� $y�05 ,-�� �+��� D� A\�w $'5 ��� $�P� $�� .� ��X .� \���" :"� #�� V� i( /�8� �Z� $� AÁ�#�� ¬« !P����"){{(.

Page 235: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

210

�Z� $� !P���� !o8 ®+� [ !�|+��� !�-H ���/�8� . Â/� �� �H ��� �ZS�� �H �� /O����: !�8 � >�&�#�� ���0�:

��� :�Z�+�o[ �ZUC�8�A�ZS�� ;+1��H��. �� � �85 \�w� : �H�H�� $8 Z w�� ��� ;]�6� �i2� /� Q�#[ .� �Ze w ¦�� º h��� !F

01� ��� �ZUC�8� A��w /� $8 ¢e�h� �+��� A��e�2� ��? �� 0L� ���#�+ !5 H�+-«� /+�? e�� �� �|� ? �}� AZ�#�� .. R�+P /� ;+P �� #+ �+���� Aº h���8 Ã�0 �-H /O��

!P����. �|��� E)�w B�U�� /8� �O�� : �� �ZU�8� A�#�� �H2 �Z'�#� /� �Z� �� �H�Z� !5 �H�

�%���� �H5 �Z�� .� a�C5 ¦�� ����2� /� $�U&r[. �H �-H/� ��� �ZS�� �#� � �w �� �Z45){�(.

\�2� �+��� � $��w ��5�" :�� 3�� �O��"�w �� ��� ^�U#&� A : ,5 A�� 3�� �O�z��#��� z��|�� /� ����� O� �O� �5 A^�U#� /� .� "��5 �&� �Z�U� .$��w� A�Z�5 \�2��" : �O��

a��� ��" E�r+5 �w �� ��� ^�U#� A :#6� /� ���` �O� $���#� QF $8 �X��i+ a��� ��O�2�� ��$8 "��6� ��� �w�+� .�w� : A��=�´� �U� ��01� D $�� a��+ z��#��� z��|�� /� $�}��+ �� ��

�Z�5 \�2��){�(. �� �� ������� 34 5�6$(�� 5��7

/� ZU�� =�y5 /� ZU&� H���5 $� ¬U+� [� A,��4L� _����� D >�&�#�� ���0� ZU�� A$#U� ��� [ .� /+" /� ����¹�� )�]��<+= ���� /� ZU�� A!���#�� �Y� !�±L� \�&� /� ^�� /� Q�#[ $��� !5�A;���� ¶�&�5 QF ��S'� ;+��� �_ 8 QF V��( �w" ~�]�6� !5 aw�����AQ�#[�

�=2� ���� ��� Gr�U[ ) B%�M�� �%�w"� ����5� H��� $� ¬#]� �#8 ��� =�M�F Q���+� A!� �4Ä�' J�� >�&�#�� >��P H5 ��#' !5 /O±�A!�±L� \�&�� !���#�� �Y /� ��: !�O� Ak�05

��: /&� A,��4L� _����� \� w b��4 �+�« D �?:

89 :-��� .;� <�� ;�o�� :-H /� �%���� !��� _ � �U��� !P���� D ;�� �� ��� D �%�� \o� �� �OU+ �

Åp�� 5��8�� $��Æ D ��: k�M� ���6� /� �W4 ���Ç !��� ��: /� a�;�� �� ��O� /�}��6�� \�w� : ¯�#� GH� F� !P���� _��[ $8 !��+�+ ) H

������ �U� ����Ç.

Page 236: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

211

!����+ �r+5 \�w�:d���O�� /� O'��+ /+-�����[�w ��U�P /+-�� �Z+5 �+s){�( ����w : GH\��+� ��: ��p+ J�6� Åp�� !��� A��U�� : QF ��4 z�w5� �U�F ��4 z�wo&�2 �U�+ /� \���8 �'��5

$��' !��'L�. �r+5 Åp�� \�w� :!����+ :d$��w QF ���' �U���5 �'Fs){­( �5 ��<��� ��#�� ��' \��+

��oO�-8 �'5� _�<�� ��� H�8��5 /� ��X �w �-H� $8 !�#��U+ �� $��� D H�U� .� G��+ !5 �ZÇ ) ���� /+��� G�[ Åp�� /� a&�+ �¤ "�r��)� )F $]�` ��� �H�@ �� �-� �%�����

Q�#[ $��w :d���O�� /� O'��+ /+-�� ���[�ws){°( ���6� !F� ��U�� $8 "��6�� _` \�w /�� �H�� "È�É �Z� ��:.

z�yo� :\�w $'5���6� ,������ /��� �5 ���L� /� R�y� : /À���� � �85 �UX\�w5 �'5���� ��� _��[ ��: !5 ����� �w !�� !g� _����� �%��� G&���� : $'5 ZU� $8 ���+ /¤ /S��

��: \�|�5 /� �¸4 \�w �:F !P���� D ����-6� ;&�O�� ��p�� BH-� $ H: )� �_��[ ��-+ � $'5;UC� �� ������ �O�� �w ��'�� ��-� !�� �� $'g� AS#��. $8 "�� �� _SU� ZU� ��: ��: � F�

\�w $'oO� ����-6� ;+1� D ��U�� \��w ��: /&� A_SU��8 ��-+ _SU�� !g� A!P���� : ��U�� \���8 �'��5���O�� /� �U�+ /�� ,T� �L�� ��?L� /� $� �6 ��: �|¤ ���H���+ � Z�� �� ��: a��){²(.

=9 3�>�#�� <�� �%� �� z�}X5� ��H���� z����� ��� �"����� ;'P���� R��� ��)� ËC�p�� ��+

:F�8�] ��� �ZC��4 \�&� ��� ¬}X �:

����5: !P���� /� ��M�'� �X5 !�O+ �� � ®} �� �� ��)� !g� AR�"�y�6� �%�� $# �+� _` �Z� �w�[ !g� A�w�[ _` /� !���2� BiMi� $� �_ �� ��' ¶�¾ k-�� �H ;�&��

������8 ��}��� �H5 $Ue8 �&� �� A���� _` �5 ®}X. ��'�&Z :R�"�y�6� /� ��M�'� �X5 !�O+ �� :� �� ��)� $# �+� A�Z�� �5 �Z%Iy!P���� .

A\�O45 _` /� !P���� /C�8 Z� � ��#� �H� A®}X �� ��)� ��-� \�2� !�� !g� �� ��� ;����� ;+���� �H� A!P���� $� \I' �� ��� ��� z����� ��� "�+ � F !P���� Z� !2 ��-� ¬'�� �:F� A¶�Cg8 ) A�����5� ���O��� B�£� A��e�O6� /� ���� �O8 ��+

�� !�� /h� )F ^�Ç �� ¯P���� �� ��)� !2� A���6� b�� �� ��� �p� �Z�+�C ��� �p6 � �&� A^"��� /� $� �� ��)� �U� !�y�¾ �� A"�Z�y� �5 ���[ ��� $8 E�&� $�H5 /� k=��[ ��� $� Z��� z��85 � ®��U[ �8 A^"��� /� $w�0o8 ��W���� $8 �&#�� D ��y�¾

Page 237: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

212

$��O�5$+��Æ ��� $'�+�� $8 E���#� !�O+ !5 ��: /� $�I�+� A . ��i' �� ��: ��� �H�p��� ;�"2� $�� \�[ ��� A;8�#�� $8 �r�[ �� ��� ��y $�� $'g� A$� Ì� �� �h�h��� Z� /�

;��p��. $� $w�CF ��� ^-05� A�=) !P���� /C�8 Z� D �� ��� /� �w����� ��|�� !�� !F� $'2 AaU�ª

!P���� Z� D �� ���8 \���� ® + �� A\�2� 3�Í){³(. ?9 3��@A��� ��B(�� 2�C 26)� ��

D �0�� A�C��K�� R���4L� ��[ ;���" ��� \� wL�8 ��U�� �w T�U�� �#8 !5 ¯�w�I�� k�+�� �-H ��� R�"���� ®'��� )F �H �� $�� ���L�� �8 ;U���� z��O�� !5 Z��� R�+�o��� /� �}U

�&U+5 \�K� a� ®�p�� �H ZU� z���6� !5� AR�Î )F �H �� ��2� !5 ��&�=� AR�Zy����� A;8�#�� Ã� U�� *�85 Z� D ;8�#�� ;<��� �'��w ���Ä( �� A;#+�p�� ���O�8 �����+ �� A®�4

��¾� !��W�+ �5 ��: /� GH"2�� $���� ;U�� .� z��� /+-�� A;���� �H5 H �5 T�U�� ! �� z� �2�8 -02� �r� /� ? ��� A��O��� ZU� ¥��5 )� [� .�8 ��� [�� ;+�<�� ����"5 A;UC� �� $� �&� ,-�� S#�� z� 6� �H .� �&#� �-H� Az�8�2�8� a� Z&�= D ���"

^����w /� $'�U8 ��[o+� $��X5 /� a+�p�������Z+�&� !5 �Ur��+ �&��6� �U'��0L ® U�� By��� A ��L A;+���6� ;+��4L� _������ �����|�5 /� ��r�U+ !5 Z�� _p'� A�� p�� ^-H D ~�w��� H�-¹ ���� ;����8 \�K� �Z� ¥��¾ �� �_|�� A������ ¥ r�� "��� /� ;y��0 �y���� ¶��:5 �Z��

� /����8 k�02�� �C� ��8 AR�Z p�� ^-H /� $U+�8 ��+ !5� ���I6� ^-H /� $��U8 koU+ !5 �w�#�R�Uy� ��+� ;<���� ;#+�p�� �'��w ��� �&Z���4� ;U���� z��O�� D $���5�)�¡(.

D9 3#��E�� +� 2�C 26)� �� ��� Ï!P���� _��[ D ;�� ����� ��o� : ����Ç �y���� !�#� GH � F� A�_��[ ��

D Zr#8 \��� �������U�:d f��e�iOn�� h/f� niOh'�i�hj+ h/+f-e�� ��i�f[�hw ��iUh�P h/+f-e�� � hZqj+h5 �h+s)�u( A��U�� "��6� !F$��' !��'L� QF >G4 z�w5� �U�F >G4 z�w5 ��2 A�U�+ /� \���8 �'��o�)�{(.

F9 3;�C .;� �� ��� /8� \�w": ��#�� �U&� AE����C5 !��'L� ��0 A��K� ��0 �6 e�hy� eIh� .� !5 ���

�U�� fO}�6� �U�� A��O�� �U�� ���� �U�� A��Z�6� �U�� �H���� �U�� A�'�#6�� � U6� �U�� A�H����6� �U�� A���o6�� _�2� �U�� AT���6�� �%��� �U�� A$� hO}�6� A"����� ����� �U�� A;w����� ��

�+�C /� $8 ����#�� $���Í � �W6� .� �H5 ��� ������ >�&�� /� �45 )� �45 .� ��0 ���

Page 238: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

213

;�%���� ^-� Z� A$8��0 R���4F� $8��� �#� Z&eZ�� A$��0 D ����5 Z}U� k-�� ��L� BH�������� Z�� ����� ;U������ �|� .!�� �6 \�� N���� �#�� $8 � � �� ��� aw���� "�y��� D ��2�

R���4L� QF �U8�}X5 . $��0 /� )� $+�+ �8 /� �C� �� $[o+ ) k-�� I+I#�� $8��� ��4 D Z��O� � ^�+F H�+��[ a� Z��' QF $�� ��: "�� A;#��U�� $'�#6 E�_��[� ;��� ��: !�� !F� AR���4F

�&�� A��&#�� H�U� $'�} � $8 e#� A����8 z��O�� \I' /+-�� !��l��� �H5 $&�#+ �&� A$� \I'Q�#[ \�w �&� �Zy��� :d nfZ f�i�'h5 D� ¶��1� fD �hUf[�h+P nfZ+f�iU h�s)��( D� ¶��1� D;�eIU6� R�+1� �#+

!�Zy� �� ;�eIU� ;+P �O� AZ��'5: �0P $y�� Z���' � $'��+ $y� !�&�� AZU� V�0 �&� $'��+ A_��[ $'F ��: D !����+ )� A��: QF ������ B��X $���� �'o� ���4F Z���' D $'��+ �� ��: D ����w�� A��� z��0 aw��¤ Z�Z� ��:� A$�� ��O��8 ��: D Z#Up[� H�p� ;+�w�

5 $�e�o[ �� º U[ ��� E��"�w !�OZ��� !g� Ak��� /U�8�#� �&� ��: a�� A$8��� D .� �H : V�"5 �8 ®�� �� ^"� � �Z&Z� ¦�� Ã� �0)� ��#� ���� ;��#�� !���8 ¬�I' J�� ;�L� R�&�O�� ��[ D

Zw=� k-�� Z��� �#8 �Z� �"...)�� (. G9 26)� H��*I� �� ';�C .;� %��J� '$C 3��K�� .��L

eh· !5 Ð�� /8� ��� �OU' ) /¹� �? Zi ¾� A$8� �5� $%��X5 z��w D .� �Z��i+ E���Z�5 B[���� ������ R�y�" D R���[ /� ZU8 �� ����¤ ��: � ZU8 R���[ ��� AH_` !�" b�p8 /O�� A$��� /� .� "��6 E�'�8� !P���� E�_��[ ��Z�2� ^-H !�O[ !5 $�� �OUi' ) �&� A\�X���

^-H !�O[ !5 A�H�+ + �H�4 �� !�O+ !5� A¯P���� Ð�#�� ��e��� \���� ¬« �0�[ !5 /O± ��Z�2� ) �� ��-� �H�+ + �� ~�p�� /� �� ��� A¯P���� ��e��� \���� /� ;y��0 ��Z�2� ^-H !�O[ !5 ��5

�� � w Ð�� !P���� !2 AQ�#[ .� "��6 !�8� ;+Ñ� _��[ $'5 ��� $� �' !5 /O± .�� A�U�w �&� >�4$'o4 D \��+ Q�#[� $'�} � :d h!�i&h�n#hj+ ¼�n�h�l� E�½f8h�h� E�'Pn�ijw i$i[�h+P n¬h�l i� xz�h�f�s)��(. I<�i+ !5 . �4���

\��+ �H� A$8��� � �SU�� �+�C ^"� � ��� �&#i+ �5A$[�+P D:d /f� n�hZhj� f� n�l-�f� !P���� �h'n�e�h+ n�h�h�h� ¼�f�e�q�s)�­(A)�°(.

G9 3>����� �� Q�#[ $��w D \�w �y� /� m�� �� /+��� V��� ���L� Å4 �¸� :d iah�nph+ ,f-e�� �h: n/h�

f$f'n:fgf8 e)fF i h�nUf�s)�²( ^�U#� !F :,5 Ï ½\: /� :\-�� /� .,: : h�p+ A��U�� QF ���4F : ��p�� /� z��y) n/h� .( i~ : AG���� /� ��5 �}�� $'o8 ¦�o�.

Page 239: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

214

Q�#[ \�w �w� :d�hUnjh�h� h!n�h�nh¾ h) �hUf[�h+P fD h!�i� f}n�ij+ h/+f-e�� e!fFs)�³( T� � /8� \�w : !5 �H$#]�� _` ��� ��O�� a]�+)�¡(.

�� �� ������� M��@ N�

GH� ;�Ò b��p8 )F )� �� !�O+ ) ,��4L� _����� !5 � � �&� �#+: uÓ )5N�O�� SU�� �#� /� �ZS+ ��� D�U�+. {Ó �H�S�� !�" ^��� "��6� $'5 ���+ )5. �Ó Q�#[ $��w Zr#8 _���� ��W� ��#8 �+�o[ !�O+ )5:d h�fU f�n}i&n�� hah&h� h.� e!fFh�s)�u(

;&�� �#@d hah&h�s ;&��� �]��d h�fU f� n}i&n��s $��#��. �Ó G��4 ���#� $� !�O+ )5G��� �5. �Ó ^�+ + G��4 �H�4 $� !�O+ !5.

���K�8� ���|�� /� \�2�8 >�U<��)� /O&� ;�0���� b��p�� ^-H !5 �8 ��CÄ4� ��-� )�5 N�O�� ����� $� ~�]�6� �#6� !�8 ����5 �&��8 �C�4 ;S��� /�(� a8���� /�

Ô+�p[ ,��4L� _����� �-H >��� /� !�O+ )5 �&Z'�� D �[o�� $� ���6� ����C�p�� /+-H ���+ �� µ�I<�� ��� D� J} '.

$8 -02�� $�� [� z�y�� �C��4 ¬��� B�}� $r�� ��� �#¤ $�� �� b��4 ^-H !F · � F� ���+ ) ��-� !�� �� ��� ~�p�� /� ^�r#+ ��H�4 $� !F · !P���� �H��� ��U�+ ) $'2 ��:

$8 -02� BÇ � ���[ J�� R����L� � w /� �H �8 $�� ;�)��� a]�+ � N�O�� SU�� !2�'���8 ���� )� ;<�8 ;� rU� _` �?�}X2)�{(.

��� E)� �� $'�� �#�� AE)� �� !�� ,��4L� _����� D R���[ �:F J�� b��p�� GH ^-H 3�U� _` $'� $r�� ��� ��5 A$8 -02� z�y� ) $r�� �� $� ��� A��#��� *� � *��8 )� �H�S��

;��p�� ;�"2� /� $]��#+ �5 $��U+. )� ��" ��� ���[ ) R�'��y���� AR�'��y��� � w /� $'� A$8 -02� z�y� ��� ��5�

$8� �8� $U8 ��� A$��' /� �� �� ^�Ç ��5 GH � F� A!�H�8 QF �U��[ . �&#+� $8 -0o+ !5 $���� ���^��� T�U�� /� E���5 $8 �I�i+ !5 !�" A^�r�

)��(. �� �� ������� O�� ��� .� !K��

;�Ò ���w5 QF ,��4L� _����� ;��' /� H_���[ D !��8���� !����6� ��'�:

Page 240: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

215

\�2� : �-H ;�|�5� A���: $� $� �Ö )� _����� /� !���� �-H /� ����L� �� ���5 /��_|� ~�U��.

¯�|�� : _����� QF ;��w R���4F a� �H�S��8 _����� _��[ �|�5 D �I��� /� ,��8��U�� _��[ $��|��A,��4L�.

���|�� : A�H�S�� _����� ;��8 $�F �r+ /O� A,��4L� _����� D $� B��` �#y /�,���� �Z� _����.

a8���� : _p+ )� ,��4L� _����� D $�� $� �#y /� _���� A�H�S�� _����� QF �����G&���� /À��� � � �5.

���K� : ����L� �� ����L� a� ,�SU�� D� �� _������ ,��4L� _����� �8 a© /���� /8� _���� ��:� A�H�S��8 _����� /�.

�±�w �Z�� !����6� !�� ;�Ò ���w5 ^-H , ���5 �Ö �O[ � �]��� QF R�� �:F� /�G&�� �� ��� A�_02� ;��|�� ~��'2� . "�y�&� ¯�|�� !���� ��5� A��|O8� "�y�6� �Z� \�2� !���� ��5

$�8�� /� ��|� �w5 /O��)��(. ;���#6� ;+��4L� _������ �#8 QF �UH _p'

8 9 ,Ä���� S#�� !P���� _��[ ;U� D��6� ,Ä���� .� � � /8 �Z� �&Y �85 �H�²� � �-H _��[� ;%�&|��� �'�×� ¢��

�H�S�� �H2 $������ a� ;�� �� ���� D ��� �w� ����� B����� !F� R�+1� �� B����+;�&� �� _��[ D \��+ :F $U� �y:�  ��F�:

" �)� �H .�� �y� I� .� �Æ 6�� �y� I� .� >�U� ����� �y� I� .� >�? >� ��� S�2� QF �� /� ��� B` QF B` �O� 3�� $Uª���� ��2� �8� �Z�� >��2� k�� ,-�

����] ����w \��� /� -01� T�'"2� /� �H���� )F $&Z� \�U+ ) ;��� QF ;��� /� ;���� ��!�±L�.

� ��� �C�#�� �H ����� ����� ��2� �8 �O6� 3��� /� ;X�0 $� �� /À���� ^"� /� ~Ä0� .� ��� �U8 ,5 �O8 �85 \�w N���� $&�� �8��� ;À� �X2� D >���8)�� ~���� D ¶=���8 !��w� !��� ���� /À��� $U� .� G]� B��C �5 /8 G�� \�w� �� $'2 ;À� >�4 �� $O��

^"� � /� �U� 6� /� b�U��� �&? .� ��U� �01� /� ¶�5 ����5. " ;±�O�� ;+1� _��[ D $��w �H�S�� �#6� /� B+�w �H �¤ _��[ /��.

Page 241: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

216

d�h[n�h&n�� Gfni« h�nh� ff�h5 lzh� i fH�h�nj8fF h\�hw n:fFh�s)��(\��+ ��: \o� ¦� $'�±F D ���4 !�O�5�� � F� �4 /� ��: $�� � /O+ � �Z� \��� $'�±F �Z#� ® � �IM#� ;+P $+�+ !5 $8� �"�+= � ��C !

\�w �� ^��[ )5 $��0 D �UOØ� .� ���w D �U�+ ����:d�h�hj8 h\�hw n/f�n ij[ nh�h�h5s)�­( � ���4 !�� ��� ) �ª $�|� !�� :F ��: .� �pO� �p�� Ä�� �� 8 �05 �H� �p�� $U� .� �� ��� �� 8 BÇ

��¾. �+I` $'5 _` M�� _<X z��O�� �-H� V�� /� _|� ��� �&�p� $��]�� D �"�6�

/� �¹ D a�+ R)�O4L� a�"� R�Z p���u� � ¤ ~� �� �H� ;}�X ;%�×��� ��p� a8�5)�°(. = 9 3*��I� ����

,"��< �� G���2� �&Y ���� /+��� z�Z4 ���� ;��#�� $�� �� ¯�#6� ��� _��[ �� ;U� D��6� "��<8 J��u{°¡�-H�A R�+��� $� S' �Z#©5� �Z#��5� _������ �y5 /� _�����

$À� ���4L� �+��8 Z�+ ��� ��� #�� �+��8 Z�+ �� �8 $� ��5� ;�� �6� ��K� >��P B'�@ �����$U� =��Ö� .�.

Q�#[ $��w ��� !5 �#8 ,��4L� _����� D $��w �ª�:d n/h� �h��i� �h+ ni�n�ijw n:fFh� h�h� h/f�nij' h!�i�iSnUhj[ ni�nj'h5h� i;h�f��e �� iiOn[ h-h0hoh� E�h�nZhy h$e��� kh�hj' e¦h�s)�²( $ ' �� \�w �H�#8 R�+1� �0P QF:

" � ' ¦� G���� !�±L� /� ' /� B���� ���� �+ ��w �:F� R�+1� D ���4L� ���� /��;���X O[-0o� !�#��� ��H�p6� ���� QF �5 !� w��[ �'5� Ù�-�� G�M��� D >�U��� �H ,-�� R�6�

D ������8 \�X���� ������ ;&#' ���Op[ GO� >�U��� �#8 >�� ��� ;���� ����8 ��U|#8 · !��H�p[R�-�� �Ú ¬ M� ���O� R�� �� G�Ö ��&` O�� �U���� �y� I� .�"\�w �� Û�.

_��[ �#8�0P a]�� D \��+�Q�#[ $��w :d ��i-i0 h��q��� iiOhwn�hj� �hUn#hj�h�h� niOhw�h|f� �h' n-h0h5 n:fFh� h!�i�ej�hj[ niOe�h#h� f$f� �h� ��i�i�n:�h� ¼�e�i�f8 ni��hUnjhj[P �h�s)�³( !���[ O�#� $� �� ����:�� ���8 OU[�> �� ��-0

$ ' �� \�w: "�#�� �%)�8 :�0o6� Ow�|� �'-05 :F� ��C Ow�� �U#��� R�� ��� \�#�2� ����8 �

��� QF $#��8� B���� ���� QF �����8 $'�} � ��45 �5 ��� w� ¯�#6� Z� /� /O&��� Ü����� ;Z�� QF O�� wg8 �]��5 · ������ �Z��� ��p�� ����[ GO� a%��p��� "�4�L� �y D $%�����

.� ;&O� )��� ��: �#8 ;����� S� O8 ��� ;8��#�� O��y�#� $��r�g8 $&O�� $��Z�g8; 6�.

Ð5 /� �H����8 ���+ .� QF... ���� �� �8 $["�8 BÇ � !g�

Page 242: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

217

;#�) ���'5� ;#'�+ ��+� �?�}X2 GH� ��H�p6�� �y��� �: �Z��#+ � F ���4L� ^-Z�")�¡(. ? 9 ������� PQ�JL

� � �85 �H_����� �-H �� ���� /8 �&Y /À��� G&���� ,"=2� ���� /8 �)��u{Ý( j��Í Z6��� ;�� �� Å4 .� $À� !��3� ��� D Q���� ��� $� A!�� /U� ��� _�����+I<�� �#���

�h�h���. �;+�H=2� ; �O6�8 !��C��É !��W�' $U�� AM�� _ � ���� ��Æ D _����� �-H.

:���2� \��+�¿H-��: ) $UO�� A!P���� ��� a© B����+ $[�y�� A_����� �-H D R5�w �H�S� $� ��#�+ ) �H� A�01� �Zr#8 /� �r<i+� �Zr#8 /� �O�+ �8 R�+1� �O� ��#�+ ) ��: ��� � ��+ :F �H�A,��4L� _����� �H� A���� ¥  ��� $ �� �� a© D k�y � F� A!P����

_����� !5 �#+_��[ ;���� D �l� i+ $'2 A"��� _` �H�S�� : ;���� �H5 _��[ a&Ç !5 B�5 $'5�H�S�� �H5 �#� �&� ����� z��� � . �Zr#8 ;���� �H5 R)��� a© $'5 /� �|�5 _����� �-H�

$�%��� D G&���� $U� ��U+ /h� H5� AR�+1�� ����� B�� ��� �Z [�� A�#8 QF :Y /8 ��#y �& A,Ä���� .� � � /8 �Z�� A��� /8 �r���� A�U��� A,��UO��� .� >��� /8�� A¶"� ��

_|� H_ �. G&���� \�w" :!P���� �%��� ~��'5 � ��� � �H��S�� ���#��8 ����6� ¬+5� �6 : AR�>��w /�

Þ��U�� AÅ��'� A����� A�&Æ� A;<�� Az���F� A��O�5� AR�Op�� A_���[� ��5 �<�p+ �� A R�+P� A>��� /8� T� #�� Ð5 QF ¬ �i' A;w���� R�+P )F ;���� !��� ��� $8��0 Z� a&@ ZU� A�Z�U�}��� E����� ��: D ZU� ¬#� �w ¬U�� AB[�[ _` ��� A�&Y /8 ��#y /� ��5 �f�i:

QF ;���� �H5 Å+�p� \��w5 ]5� AZ����� QF ��: ]5 !5 ¬ �5 ����� ��� $ [�5� A��: A,���i5 a© D� ��: D $8 i¬U#���� A��: /� >�4 a© D .� iR�W���� A¦w�C� �#�� B��

�#6� #'� ¿�� �H�")�u(. A ¿H-�� ������ A�C���� \���� $ ��X ���� _����� �-H ��� /#C

$8��� D GC������-+�A,�������AGO ����"/+���6� R�� C " /� /&]_����� �%��� B��X !5\��+� ;��� 6� /� _����� D �eUhX" :"�&Y _` _��[ !2 ���� �-H � $["=�5 � F� ."

\��+ ¿H-�� ������$U�":$�lUh i+ � $��� A_����� �%��� $� \��+ z��� $�� . �+�« $'g�BM#�� kÄ�� z��O�� �'�"� A;���w� ."

Page 243: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

218

GO ��� \��+�" AR�+�o[ ��: ��� $� � �w� $'5 �h fw /� $� ��O�� �|�A_����� �%��� z�����e��� �ZU� � U+ ;�� �� \�Y�."

k������ /��� �85 \�w�" : eUhX ����� !�� !g� A_����� �%��� G&���� /À��� � � �85 ���� ��� _��[ ��: !5")�{(.

�%�w !�#��� ^-H ��� ¿H-�� :���2� "�+�: /+�l��6� /&] D G&���� GC���� e�h� e!F�3�}yF� $U� ��` ~� �� �H5 /�.

+ ;���w� �+�« �%���� D �� !5 /� ¿H-�� ����� $��w �� ��5� /� ;������� _���� $'5 �+���: 3�Í ;�������� A�H�H��� ��� �H��S�� ��+ �y��� !2 A®}X _` �-Z� ;UC� ��.

�ZU� � U+ ;�� �� R�+�o[ ��� $�%��� D � �w� �w �&���� !5 /� GO ��� \�w ��5��Z�� �� ` ) �� ;&�� ^-Z� ��e���.

k������ \�w ��5� : !5 ����� �� $'F$� \��U� A�-H ^"�����8 ��O� _��[ �%���� � �� : � � �85 !F\�w � F� A_��[ �-H !5 ���#+ � /À��� : D ��-8 �e�X �&� A�?�8�5 ��� )F ¶�[� G�Î R���4F $'F

_����� �%��� ;����)��(. 36$��� ���� .� RH�6�

$�� ���8 �H O}� A$� >�y �� �#8 ,����� a&��.$��w _��[ D G&���� "��o� Q�#[:d iZnjUl� x�f�hw e)fF i�i�h#hj� �e� ni�f��h+f" /f� ��y�0� f�h5 niOh�i�nj'h5 ����w� f!h5 nfZnh�h� �hUnj h� h� �e'h5 n�h�h� ns

)��( \�w�r��� /8 �&Y :d niOh�i�nj'h5 ����w�s A�H��H ;���W¤d ni�f��h+f" /f� ��y�0� f�h5s,5 �'��� B� ��y�05O8��w /�d niZnjUl� x�f�hw e)fF i�i�h#hj� �e�s R�+)���� ������ �H5 H� A¯�#6� D _|� A"�#�� D;hw"� ��")��(.

ß�� ���� D Q�#[ $��w �U�_��[ D ��:�d i®f n i�hj� E>»h� >»&��� h/f� h\hI'h5 .� e!h5 h�hj[ nh�h5 E�e�hrniÉ ��2�s)�­( Zr#8 \�w : /� E�'�� ^"� � z��w QF ®���A;8�i��� B%�}� /� h;À��� ^�� \I'5;À��� >��;��#6� ;U+I8 R�r0�� ¬� 'o� A������ ¬#U+5� A!�±L� R�×5� . QF ¬��Z� ; ��8 R>�]5

¬#��'�� A$�� ¬� wo� ¬�O�� A$+�+ �8 ¬0�'5� A�Z�&? R���� �?� QF ¬w��4�� A�H�� /� ��+�� A�'i2� �[��8 D �_K� �� ��C5� A ���'5 /%�I0 �� ®��� A$�F ��� �H��P ��: Aa©5 !���2�

T����� ¶�p��")�°(. Q�#[ $��w_��[ D "��5�:d eU��� x;hZf��h� �hZf� nW i� E2� iR�h: n� h& f��s

)�²(\�w ": ���L�¶"�X��#y : D ;�8�� ���Xi5 A;��#6� ��M45 �Z� T�<� A$�'i5 ��+� $%���5 z��w D Q�#[ ��� �#y

Page 244: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

219

Q�#[ $��w �H� A!��5 �� D �'i2� ��× !�UÇ Z� A�Zp6� D ��r��8 ;&%�w �Z����� AH����5 :d��&�2� iR�h: �WU��� x;hZf��h� �hZf�s �Ç �� A!���2� R�: ,5 ��� A$�#� ��w �h�� E�'�� $U� �

;+)��� ���P� ;��#6� k"��8 /� $� ¬�4��")�³(. D9 3;�C .;� ����

D� �� GØ��� ��� /8 /+��� GY .� � � /8 �À5 /8 �&Y /8 G�� /8 �&Y .� � � �H ;U� ;��¤ ��� ¢��� $�����­¡ ;U� �p�" D D�[� ;%�&�Ò� ���­�² !�×;%�&��� �����. _��[ a C �w� ;+_�2� ;# �6�8 /+5Iy D ��� /8� ;U�u{²° �#8 ��%��� �'�×� a �

$8��� ; �0 D \��+ ��)�: ¿U�� \�w ¯��2�� �X��6� >��� �ª ¯�H"=�� ¯�[5 �w ��0 R��-[ �w�C�'� ¬��X �� /� R��� �� �r�5 $�� ¶"� �� G�2�" :P !P���� /� �� /�8� �Z� ��� )F ;+

a��� �� �O�� �� 3�� �O��")­¡( �� ���� �+�o��� �H /� ��� _����� �H �ZS�� !5 $U� ¬&Z����#�� ��6� "�Z4 ��� a��� $U� $�F �# + �� a��6�� ��O�� �#� /� ��Z�6� $�F �H�U�+.

$�� ¶"� �� �&Y /8 ��#y �8���� ���� ���L� /� ��' �w�\�w $'5 ����� : ��Ö ���!�� + ) /O�� $��� D ^"� #� Q�#[ .� . �� �� D �H� $�� �p<� �0 $'5 ����� $�� $U� k���

\��� ��: /� �¸��" :�? �O�6� /� �Z�#� ¦� ;+1� ""�5 ¬�= ��")­u(. Q�#[ $���� \��+ �� _��[ /� ,��4L� V:� :d i�i�noh+ h.� e!fF E�h�h�hj8 ��ih£ n-h[ n!h5 ni�s)­{( GH

�O� ���p8 �? ;X�K� \�#�2� /� �Z# U�� ���� �H ,-�� �H��H a&w �Z£:� ;'���� ��U��;]�+���.

��: �r+5� Q�#[ $��w _��[ D ��� /8�:d E;h� fX�h� h®+l��� h!�h&nh�i�f�h�$��w QF s:d kh�n�f:h� h/+f�f8�h#n�f�s)­�(���� /� >� '2�d h®+l��� h!�h&nh�i�f�h�s ��� /O&�6�� G�&#�� ��#�� !�&��� �'�W� ,5

k��� ®+� �� �� D ��U�� Á��d E;h� fX�h�s�?� H Dd ff�n�hof8 ,f�nhÖs$� ;#��d f�n�h n2� hQfFs5 ��z"2�� ;�����8 z���6� !� ��d�hZf� �hU n�h��h8 fJe��s ;�� �� \�&�2�� ;�]���� R�O�6�� ¶�02� I&�8

d ¼> nGh4 l�iOf8 �eUi�h�s\�&O�� z� �5 /�d h�f&f��h�sAd f�fC�hep�� h/f�h�s �W���� H��� �C�4d n/h� i$h� h!�iX�i<hj+s '�&|�� µ��� �£ D;%I�� ¯�#6� ��" !�y�W��+� ;d f�h: h!�i" E�h&h� h!�i�h&n#hj+h� h�s /�

�� R���U 6�� � ����� B�Ä�����|�5� R�8��O6� G������ ßd h�fSf��h� nih� �eUi�h�s +I�� /� *z-O��� �C� �� �+������ o�K��d hz�q+h5h�s ;]�+��� D >� �� ~��'o8 ;U}�&6� ;U¸&�6� ��U�� ;<�� ��

��H�´� D >��I�� \�&�d i$e8h� kh"�h' n:fFs �4 �'�� D z� ��� ��Z�� D a����� ;w���� Ü��8� �d l h5 q�qr�� h fme�h�s �IM#��� ���O')�� �#r�� /d h�ffÀ�e��� ih�n�h5 h¬n'h5h�s ������ ;#�����8d i$h� �hU nj hMh� n��h�s

Page 245: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

220

� \�&�2� �� /� \���2� ���8;UO��� \�I'� ;U'o&��� \�&� �Ud n/f� f$f8 �h� �hU n�hphOh� à�i]s �] /�B���� ��' ¶��4g8 z�O�� ;&�� $U� �U��'� ;+���� ��U8 ;]�+���d i$h� nHh5 i �hU njhj[Ph�s J�� ;��U�� k����

�8 �H�U��5� �H�UO��;���� ����8 �Z%��g8 ;]�+��d niZh#h� niZh�nj| f�h�s ���'5� ;'������ k���� "���F /�;%I�� ;#��U�� ���#�� \���5� ;��K� �%�r��� z� �5 Z���'���� ; ���� R�� ��)­�( .

F9 S��J�� PQ�JL '4 S����� TQ��C ;U� D��6�AD� �� ,=�_p�� AG�� �� A� U�� Ð5 /8 !�?=�� �&Y �85 �H _����� �-H �� �

­­­ ,=�_p������A jH �H�S�� _����� ��#�+ �� Ak��4L� _����� �H� ���� ßZU� ��� _��[ D;���6� D $��w ��: ��� \�+ AE)�5 $U� �8 ) $'5 ���#+ !�� !F� A\�£" : Q=2� $��� !5 iR�y� �6�

� /� 3�� �� ¬« !2 A$'�#� ;+� � $��&� QF ��5 *� + �� A/C� ��� �H�S�� D $� ;+�� ) $��� ;+�� )� $[�-� ;+�� ) \�&�� AN���� �X� $'2 A���'2� ���5 /� E���� A����2� ��£ /� E��£

Q�#[ .� \�wA$[�� �:d nRh�f�h' �e� ¼�in£h5 i;h# nj h� f f�n#hj8 /f� i q�ih± �} ��� x�h�nwh5 ¼�h�hMh4 /f� ��2� fD �he h5 n�h�h�.� iR�h&f�h�s)­�(\�w�:d iR�h&f� h� h�h�Uh[ !h5 h�n hjw �} �� h�

f�hUh� l�h� fR�h&f�hOl� E�"� h�f� �} �� h!�h� n�e� �iw l�h�s)­­( R���4L�� AR��=2� O� /� R���` ;�=2� ��} �� ^-H /� 3�`5 !5 ¬]�#��

i5� A>���2�8 E>���w� A>�&O�� \���� >�&�#�� ��Z�5 �ZU�� �[ ¦�� AR�+�82�� ;eUi�� A>���K�8 ��� R��� �� ;��� á���o8 A!P���� D /À��� ���4F� A!� �� �%���� A!P���� �%��� D i¬�eUX� A>��XÕ� ����� � �ª �¾�p� \��w5 Q�w �#8 i¬�"�5 · AÅ+�p6� �H�l��+ � ;+P _��[ R��: �¤�� A;�+�4

_|� i¬��[� A����8 3��5 �����4F� A���5 AE� �[ /��5� E�&Y �05 Ð��� !�O� �ZU� E� >���5� $8�}X5� $���� ;eUi�� E�¸C���� A^"��6 E������ !�O� A$8 i¬U#���� A��: � Q�#[ .� iR�W����

�#] �� B��� Ë�� �H� A$�e�i5 .. j8 $���"!P���� �%��� D !� �� �%���")­°(. ��X ��� ¿H-�� :���2� ��#[ �w\��+ �� $����� D $��w �� !� �� �%��� B": $'5

�%��� /� $� ¬}U� ®'��� )F �H �� $8��� D ��: �� !5 ���+� A!P���� ��H�S�� ��#6�8 3Ä#+ A$� $O�� ,-�� ���6�� $8��O� ;�X� �Z� k�[ �&� A/À��� B'�y /� $� ¬e�Ö R���4F� A!P����

$��w D ��5 �5 _`" :U#����$���� ;eUi�� E�¸C���� A^"��6 $8 i¬ " $8��� D �� �� !5 ���+ !5 �+�+ $'5 !2 A$� $&l��i' )� A$�� ��' ) �� �H �-H� A$U� ^"��6 E�'�8� .� z��O� E�_��[ )F �� ��#6� /�

e��� \���� ¬« ;�0�" !�O[ !5 /O± ) _��[ D �? Ùo+ J�� ; +�<�� ¯�#6� ^-H )� A¯P���� �� $8 "�� �� _SU� ��: ��5 ��� ��' !5 $ ��� A;�i2� "���2 $8��0 /� Q�#[ . �"��� !�O[ !5 ��#+

!P����)­²(.

Page 246: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

221

34 5�U �� V(; <��4 ������� �K� Q�#[ $��w_��[ D $�� � \��+ ��:d h)h� >»�#r�� �h�h� h�ne� h� h� n�� � h& n� h] � /+-�� �h�h� h)h�

xVh�h� h!�i�f�Ui+ �h� h!�i�fhÇ h)s)­³( D �&%���� AR��]��� ���Æ� AR� w��6� �H5 ���i= .� �X� Z���' ��]��5� AR��H�´�8 Z���y ���¹5 /+-�� AR��=2� ��£ D �w�<��6�� AR��H�p6�

��y�0� A�O��� D ��)�y� A��-�� ����8 ?��w ��8�:5� AR�]�+���8 �'��� /� A;�� �� H�%��#8 ��+�� �'i2� ��Æ D H��85� A!�}��)� Vh�h� $�r�8 ZU� a�� !o8 A;w� �� $[�H�p¤ ;'����

\�w�A!��+L�:d qr�� �h�h� h�ne�>»�#s �#+ A; �� ��w�5 �À Z�#]5 /+-��d h� h)h� h� n�� � h& n� h]�s /+-��AR�8� �� ����� Z]��5d h�h� h)h� h!�i�f�Ui+ �h� h!�i�fhÇ h) /+-�� �s !���2� /� !�"�M�+ /+-�� �+�M�8A�+����� �%���� ������d xVh�h�s A; �� ��8 !������ �2 A��H�´�� ;+"� #�� ;Zy /� z���

�]��� /�� /� H���� AB�� /� Z]��� A¶�p�� /� Z�#] A;�X��� z� 8 !������)°¡(. G�� �� ��: �r+5�Q�#[ $��w _��[ D ,=�_p��:d n�h5 �iH n�inى��h�h5 h) h fµ�h� h\�h�hj� _��� h�e�h�hj[h�

� %»<�� h/f� h!�h�. ¼�f q� ¼!�h�n�i�f8 lmhjf[nohh� n�h5 i$eUhh£n:h2 n�h5 E��+f�h4 E�8� h-h� i$eUhj8l-h�i2s)°u( ;���� _C !FA��� A;��� ^����� $ �w _C !�&��� ^����� A��-�� /� ���-6�8 E)�<p� A��� B` D E� %�` $ �w !

^�y� ��� . AE� %�` ��� D !��� ��� /� B%�` $'5 /S� Â$#� /O+ � !F $ �w /+5 $'o4 /� BM#�� D Zw��<��� \�&� /� �-H� AH /+5 !���#+ ) R���� ����#�� /� ��r�� �H5 ; ` !o4 �-H�

\��� A.�:d l-h�i2 ¼�f q� ¼!�h�n�i�f8 lmhjf[nohh� n�h5 i$eUhh£n:h2 n�h5 E��+f�h4 E�8� h-h� i$eUhj8s ���" ��� � ��8 $U8-�i2 �5 ; �� ��8 $U£:5 �5 A>�U��� /� ��+ · ��� A;��#6� /� ��OU�� �£ � $U��5� A;+������ ; w��6�

aC���8 B<�� /� �[o� �5 A�p#�� ��8\=2� ����5 ���'5.....)°{(. ; �O6�8 ;W�' $U� �y�[� A_ � ��Æ �&Z&r+ A/+>Iy D ~� �� _����� �-H� ;��� D ,�+I6� �+�� �À5 Åp�� ��}�8 _����� �-H R�_8 ;&�#�� B�O����" a C �U�����A;+�H=2�

>�Iy5. G9 ��;���/�� ����

�H_����� �-H �� � /+��� ��S' A½k��8��U�� G&��� ���� /8 �&Y /8 /��� �²�¡R�]�+���� ;&O��8 \�<�4� $� A���� !�OjH. ;��8 /� $�X5)w (��8��' D $UO�� ^opU��. $�

;U� $��5 A,��8��U�� _���8 3�#+ AR���Æ ;��� D !�w���� B%� �� !P���� B%��` �ZU� AB��²{² jH)°�(.

Page 247: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

222

�-H =��± �w� �p�� /� ��0� � w a� ��« QF V��( �� ��}�8� $[�� � ;��Z�8_����� ��� ��O��� _����� ����� /� ;���� �� \�5 D �w�2�� R�>����� ��� ��O�� �&Z�I��+ /+��o8 m� /8� _��[ Ô��H ��� �_Z4 ;# C ~� ���H� ����6� ��[ /� ;���� �� �0P D ,��4L� �+�o���

+�y_ � B+-� a� ,=���� �W��� _���� � �É �H� �)°�(. �H5 \�w \��+ R�+1� �5 ;+1� �#� �H�� ��� ��O�� D�+ !5 �#8 $'5 _��[ D $MZU�� ��: \�|� A!��U#�� �-H ¬« R�+1� �5 ;+1� ���� ,��4L� �#6� ¶��+ · �+�o��� \��+ �5 ���4L�

�� �H�S�� _����� �#8 \�w $'5Q�#[ $��:d E�h�h�hj8 ��ih£n-h[ n!h5 ni�i�i�noh+ h$e��� e!fF f$f�n�h�f� �h��i� h\�hw n:fFh�s)°�(

��[�� ��2� "�Z�� �H� ¯������ B���� ��� �Z£: D !g� ;&Z �� ��U�� ®8: QF ���4F ��� �� ®8:��[�Ø !5 � w . Ù��� �+ ���w� ... Ù�� G��w D !F

Ù�ª D Ù��� ... Ù�� D Ù�ª� ®8-�� ®� [ ��' ���8 ��F GH �� ;����8 G« ;# ���8 ¬� Zr#8 \�w� ;# ���8 G« �"��L�8 ¬�

¶� �� ��8d x�f��h� )s k���� �#r� �+���� ���� �%��� /� IM#� ;0�Wp�� /� D "��8 �#8�2� �#8 D� �� �w �&� ;'� ��d nOf8 )h� x�s �8 !��� �O� $+�Z��+ z� p�� Þ�4 /� D

Q�#[ $���� ��::d E;hUh� h�f#h8n�h5 h*h�hj8h� i e�i4h5 h*h�hj8 �h:fF e¦h�s)°­(.d i>�h� n�hX x�h�h�hj8s �y� ���X QF ���4F R�]�+��� z�}X5d�hZij'n�h� xafw�h�s /+= ���X ��5 �+�+��� �� �&� ��g� �4 ���X )d ) x\�i�h:

h�n�h n2� i_f|i[s )��5 Ã��� ;�»8 _|[ )� a&��� ;�: �&�« ���Z�p�� �Z���0= B��� �'���d )h� h¢n�hn�� Gf� n�h[s ���K� �U� $�H�y� >�¤� ��K� �U� $Zy� >�¤ �'��� ¢�� ���+ )� ��� BH-�

��K� �U�� ��� �U�d x;h&e�h�i�s �Z� �� ����X R��P /� .� _` B�C ;���d ��i"� h� �h�h� h!�i�h# n�hj+s A$���[ /��� .� �r� )�� ;# ��� �r��¤)°°(.

;+P �+�o[ D \�w�d E��n�hj' ni�n�hj�hjw n:fFh�s)°²(B���� m#+d ni�n5h��e"�h�s /� !�� $'5 ����0��5 !��p������2� ��U�� /� �5 �'��� /� �d i�i8f�n]� �Un�i�hj��Z frn#hj f8s ;��8-6� ��U�� ���8 !��� z�]

\�w� Q�#[ .� !:g8 G}� ��-�� ;����¤ B���� ��w ��� ¶� �� �O�8:d x�h��e�h h2 h�n�ejU�� e!fF f>�q���f8s)°³(Ad i�� n�h n2� i$nUf� i�eMh�hj�hj+ �&h� f�h��Mfn�� h/f� e!fFh�s)²¡( J��� A;���É ������ D z����� B[���

;Z p6� >�42� �#8 R��Zp��� R�-��� �Ä+ ����� ���'5 !��<�� �Z�� �ZS+ z��w ���2� �ZU� �M��+ �Z�� �ZS+ J�� GH >�6� �ZU� V�W� ��p[ J��� A"�U��� �'� H��� �# � !�O+ �&� R�"�#�� ¶�Í

�� ¶��ã� �U� R�w�2� �#8 D �&� ;���#6� ¯�#6�� R�+1� �#8 $+_� ����� ���'5 /� ;+�p �� BM

Page 248: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

223

�O� \� w /� ��6�� !�+"2� �H5 �# � !�O+ �� .� ;p0 /� ¥ � J��� A>�&O�� �# � !�O+H_ � �&��6� �8 ;�Äp� B[��6� ^-H� A;pK�� 3�K� �Z� a�� BM�� >��� /� ����� ���'5 .

�5 ¶����� ¬�� H_<�� A��y�"� �� w� ?�w D ���+I� !�±L� ��U8 ��+ � �&��6� D � R����O8 !�X� É !�&��6�� AZy������� H�#8� Z M�� H���` D ���+I� !�±L�8 ��+ �

$'�H�8 ;+��� ��� ���'5 G�Ö /� � �ZS[ R������. Ã��W�� R�+1� �>��g�d�Uf[�+P nfZ+f�iUh� f¶�� n1� fD nfZ f�i�nj'h5 fDh�s)²u(d h!�i�f�n#hj[ niOe�h#h� f$f[�+P niO+f�i+h�s)²{( �� D �&� Ã��K� º02 !�H��� �>��F /O�

���+d f$l8h� h!�Hn�ij8 k5h� n!h5 )n�h�s)²�(\��� !�H��� /� �� U� /8 /��� �¸�: z����� ��� "�[ R�"�����5 .��A�Z +-O[ /� T��U�� IM#��)²�(.

Q�#[ $��w _��[ D ,��8��U����: �r+5�:d �hZf� h�h�n-i+ n!h5 f$e��� h� fy�h�h� hahUh� n/efª ih�n�h5 n/h�h�

i$in��s)²� ("A�SU�� �H5 �U� �Z���5 �Z� ��-+ J�� .� �y��� G�K�� ����� A������ B����� ��U�� ��-� B��U� �ZU� �M�� �� ��:� ������ �H��M�6�. R�"� #��� R������ ��U�� �M�� ��-�

$� ��-�� aU�� ;��#6�� ������ B���� �M�� ��:� AR�¸��� ;�=��� R�U��� �Ä8 $� ��-�� aU������� $�� "��" QF .� ���5 �&� AR��Zp��8 ��#���� R�Z p��8 ��&���8 : �-'5� �-� "��" �+

#6� z����� !g� R��Zp�� �� �8�}X5;8�MY m� ����� R��Zp��8 ;�� . ¶�p�� ����� �M�� ��:� !�����8 $� ��-�� aU�� "�Zp��� ; w��6� ���� �M�� ��:� AR�UO�6�� á�S��8 $� ��-�� aU�� ; ��� R��H�p6� QF R����)�8 $� ��-�� aU�� "�y��� \-8 G�K� �M�� ��:� AR�8����� R����O�� QF

R��4�O6��"...)²­(. _���� \�´� �-H D �_Z4 B�� ��5 /+-�� /+���6� >�&�#�� /� _|� ��: ��� �r� G�� ����L !� �� ���� Ak�O�� /+��� MU� ;&MU�� R�+�o���� A,_p��� R���4L� �%���

��� _��[ D ¯�#6�� �%�����£�A,����� G���6 !P��������5 D !�w�������'5� A,����� Åp�� ¯�|6� a ¬« �������� ;y�" �U� _����� �-H /� ��� ��� ;«���� ������ ��}�8 ¬&w ,-�� ;+�" /+��� ä

!���¤ �+��= /+���>�? ;#��y D ����� � ������������ :���L� 3��4F. ��+� ;��Z�8 Iy�6� \��6� �-H /� ��O��� �&��+ §����� !5 ��y�5. ���� µ� .����.....

Page 249: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

224

الھوامش

u Ó ����$C:u{� { Ó ������%�6� A� :u�Óu­ � Ó G����� !� �� a&Æ:u/{ . �Ó µ�I<�� /+��� ���� >��F :u/�{�. �Ó ¿H-�� !����6��_�����:{/{�¡. ­Ó !����6��_�����¿H-��:{/{�u. °Ó $��'�� 6�. ²Ó !����6��_�����¿H-��:{/{­u. ³Ó ¯�w�I�� !���#�� �H�U�{/°².

D:5Ó7Ó2013 http://majles.alukah.net/showthread.php Ó u¡ uuÓ !����6��_�����¿H-�� :{/{­u. u{Ó µ�I<�� /+��� ����>��F:u/uu³. u�Ó ����¶���� A­� :°. u�Ó ����¶���� A­� :°. u�Ó ����¶���� A­� :°. u­Ó ����;8���� A³ :­¡.

D :5Ó7Ó2013 http://majles.alukah.net/showthread.php Ó u° u²Ó >��U�� ���� A� :°². u³Ó ���� A>��U��� :²{. {¡Ó A�&Y �����° :{�. {uÓ !����6�� _�����¿H-��:{/{­uA{­{ . {{Ó !����6�� _�����¿H-�� :{/{­{. {�Ó �8������ 6�. {�Ó �8������ 6�. {�Ó ���� A;8����³ :u{�. {­Ó ���� A��'°u :u. {°Ó ���� A;8����³ :u{�.

D:5Ó7Ó2013 http://majles.alukah.net/showthread.php Ó {² {³Ó ���_�� ¿H-�� !����6��:{/{°uÓ{°{.

D:5Ó7Ó2013 http://majles.alukah.net/showthread.php Ó�¡

Page 250: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

225

�u Ó ���� A;8����³ :u{� �{Ó ���� D !�H��� !P����:{/{u�. ��Ó ���� A¬� ��u :��. ��Ó ¿H-�� !����6��_�����:{/{°�. ��Ó ���� A¬� ��u :�. �­Ó ���� A�&����� :u°. �°Ó ¿H-�� !����6��_�����:{/{°². �²Ó A��� �� ����{ :{��. �³Ó ���� A¬� ��u :�¡. �¡Ó !��[L��C����:�/�°° . �uÓ ���� AR� OU#��{³ :­³. �{Ó �H�U� ¯�w�I�� !���#��{/²u. ��Ó ¿H-�� !����6��_�����:{/{²¡. ��Ó �p� a8���� !���� D_����� R�H�Ö�:u/�°�. ��Ó ���� A��� ��{ :{­¡. �­Ó ���� A��� ��{ :{­¡. �°Ó ¯�w�I�� !���#�� �H�U�:{/²�Ó²­ . �²Ó ���� A��� ��{ :��. �³Ó ���� A��� ��{ :­�. �¡Ó !���#�� �H�U�¯�w�I��:{/²� . �uÓ ¿H-�� !����6��_�����:{/{²� . �{Ó ¿H-�� !����6��_�����:{/{²­ . ��Ó $��'�� 6�. ��Ó A>��U�� ����� :­­. ��Ó ÃA_����� �%���:�³. �­Ó ���� Aß��{{ :­�. �°Ó ÃA_����� �%���:u�². �² Ó ���� A/À����� :uu. �³Ó ÃA_����� �%���:���. ­¡Ó D ,�< �� $y�05";U��� ��4"w�8:u{{!����� D ;�� K� z�8 A/��� /�. ­uÓ ¯�w�I�� !���#�� �H�U�:{/²° .

Page 251: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

226

­{Ó ���� A��� ��{ :­°. ­�Ó ���� A>� '2�{u :²uÓ²�. ­�Ó ¯�w�I�� !���#�� �H�U�:{/²². ­�Ó A!�&�� �����u :{°. ­­Ó A�ZO�� ���� u² :u¡³. ­°Ó !� �� �%���:u/u{ Óu�. ­²Ó !����6��_�����:{/{²³. ­³Ó ���� A;8����³ :³u. °¡Ó !� �� �%���:{ /�°. °uÓ A�&U�� ����{° :{¡Ó{u. °{Ó !� �� �%���:�/­� . °�Ó G���I�� ���2�:{/{u­. °�Ó ¯�w�I�� !���#�� �H�U�:{/­². °�Ó A��� �� ����{ :­°. °­Ó A3���2� �����­ :u�. °°Ó ,��8��U��_��[:u/�u�. °²Ó A��� �� ����{ :°{. °³Ó A���+ ����u{ :��. ²¡Ó A��� �� ����{ :°� . ²uÓ A¬� � �����u :��. ²{Ó A��� �� ����{ :°�. ²�Ó A���+ ����u{ :{�. ²�Ó ,��8��U��_��[:u/�u�. ²�Ó A��� �� ����{ :uu� . ²­Ó ,��8��U��_��[:u/�²¡.

Page 252: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

227

WU��6�� �X��6�� uÓ AG�� �� A� ' �5 /8 !�?=�� /+�����X �&Y �5 A!P���� �%��� D !� �� �%��� B�O����"

!�U � R�_8 ;&�#��. {Ó A¿H-�� A��� �&Y A������� A!����6��_����� ��H���� ; H� ; �O�. �Ó AG����� 5 A!�&�� /8 /À���� � /8 �Z�.A" A�p� a8���� !���� D _����� R�H�Ö� R���"F

A;+"�#��� ;&�#�� ¢�Z �� b:u u³²­�. �Ó AGp��I�� A�"�? /8 .�� � /8 �&Y /+�����8 B�O�� >��F��" A!P���� ���� D !�H���

A;8�#�� b:u u³�°A !�U � R�_8. �Ó AT��� /8 ��� /8 �&Y /8 "�&Y /8 /+���_0AG���I�� �2�A�� A�+�&�� �#����" b:u

R�_8. ­Ó A¯�w�I�� AS#��� � �&Y A!P���� ���� D !���#�� �H�U� �� �� ��� ;# �� ¿���

A^���4� b:� !�U � R�_8. °Ó AG&���� A,"=2� ���� /8 ���� /8 �&Y /À���� ��85 B�O����" A_����� �%���

A;&�#�� R�_8. ²Ó AGC���� A/+��� \�y �O8 �5 /8 /À���� � A!P���� ���� D !��[L� ;��#�� ;+� 6� ;¸��

z��O��. ³Ó AG����� A/��� /8 �r��� ����85 A!P���� _��[ D !� �� a&Æ ;���L� ;&�#�� ; �O�

!���. u¡Ó Aµ�I<�� A�&Y ���� �85 /+��� ����>��FA R�_8 ;��#6���". uuÓ 8��U��A,�� AG&��� ��� /8 �&Y /8 /��� !�w���� B%� �� !P���� B%��` B�O����"

;&�#��b A:u u�u­AÝ R�_8.

Page 253: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

229

������ ���� � �� �� ������� ������ �� ����� ���� ���" ���� !"��")$��!� $����(

Sameen Halbi’s Methodology in Morphological and

Syntactical Citation in his Tafsir “ Al- Durr Al- Masoon”

(An Analytical Study)

������� �� � ��*

Abstract

As natives, Arabs had no need of using the notation of the

vowel, and its manner of articulation but, gradually, there was

destruction in their use of dexterity especially when they started

interaction with the non-Arabs. Hence, they had to form rules of

Arabic Grammar which comprises of Morphology and Syntax.

The growth of syntax and diction in Arabic Knowledge has

been raised up under the influence of Qura’nic interpretation. Mufassireen used different methods in their exegesis regarding

Morphological and Syntactic citation. But Sameen Halbi is one of

those Mufassireen who are known as Linguistics and he focused on

explanation of verses of Holy Quran in special context of five branches of Linguistics: Syntax(������), Morphology(�������) Linguistic(�����), Semantics(�����), Diction( �!���). So the research on the

methodology of Sameen Halbi in his Tafsir “Al-Durr-ul-Masoon” is

more significant.

The article elucidates the word “Istishhad”, introduction and

importance of Sameen’s Tafsir, His methodology in morphological

and syntactical citation and his strong relation with Basri school of

syntax.

______________________________ *��� �"� �!# $%� �!�$��& �!&���� ��� .&��-�� , ��+��*�( )'وبكہ

Page 254: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

230

/!0 �����1��+ �!2�23� 4 ���� 5# 6�7�' 8*��+ 9����� �!&���� ����� 4 �� �:�!;< =�� 4 !�� >?+ 4@2�� ����& 5# �-�� A����� BC'�+ ,D�$�� E�F�� )�-C#

�:�G�-#+ �H��� F& I�:J�2K�+ �!LE�F�� M��$�� N�O+ �!��J�� 4�$?3� P��*�2� ��Q R S!8��� M��T� U:V R M@W��� X?+.

9���� 4��Y�2� R ZF&�-�� M�I :Q 5# I�C�2� Z�-�� ��!1< 5# X!1 X$V �!F�� U[�!? � C�+ 5�\�� A����� �]�^ D�$�� E�F�� M��E N�O+ _-C' R �;��� �+ 8*��+

5V ,D�$�� E�F�� _-C' R �� 8*��+ �!V���� M�I�:J�2K� R Z-�� `\&�:0� AKaH R ��� b�%� ) 8*��)M:defg( ��!13� I�V<+ �� ����+ �� 8*��+ �!V���� hI :i �:�O� )\��

�[��E N�O+ D�$�� E�F�� _-C' R ) 8*��+ R���� I�:J�2K� ��Q R �!'T�. I�C�� `I���# jL� 1 � �+�*'+ hI :1+ ('�C�a# Zk?���� 5# _�� I�� l��V 5$�+ ('�

R ) 8*��+ R���� I�:J�2K� R ('�m!n+ h��$V< 5# �!C�-L >? o " �� �\H �?< pq rD�$�� E�F�� _-C' . Z-�� _-C' R _-�� (F'�� =�� \^s� U$#�#< )\�� t8��� �\:V

uuuuu& =-�� b�%� ) 8*��" ��� ���� "��I�:J�2K� R h��� �+ (w:*# �J��*# ����+ R��D�$�� E�F�� _-C' R ) 8*��+ �� 8*��+ �!V���� ��� F��& hI�:J�2� �8] x�# �V���.

�:J�2K� y��� h��L+ ,�� ���� M�2����� � ] �$&< 5# �����+ ��J��+ 8*��+ 9����& I z@!�{ M��T� X!�{ R |+3� MK+�}� ~��< �:V ,(&���+ E�F�� ���# j�� R N " &

��=�� X!�I _ + ,�� ��+ ����O+ �� �+ �!V�] �H� O 5# �� B��' �# ���+ z�� j�� ���" E�F�� ���# "A��C��)M:���4( �2����� 5# ( !O+)M:���4( �G�-$��+)M:��e4(

5& pL �+ j!�?)M:d��4( 5# �:� �� �� )��3� _-C���+ ) ���� X!�8��� Z& ~�� ��� � ,��@&+ 9�]+ �+ _-C'" E�F�� ���� " ��1m��) M:���g ( l�8*�� �C�1 �<+)M :

���g(+ ," E�F�� ���� R �!���� "3� A�F��� �)�$��)M:����4( �z�!� U:��� R U:V ,C�< ��& ��� � ,��T� ��k� +�:J�-�+ ,�:V+�? R �:���J' ��� M��$�� +I� !V ,�:��

,5��^T� Z� 8*�� J��*� �\H yX� R UH+ ,UH���O<+ ����� 4@� 5# �H��a� �� U:G��E =����+yI�� +< U:G���& +\^s� ��+")�( .(� �!2 �\$H)M:d�f4( _k� �H� O (&��� �V�I Z& /��J�� 5#+ D�$�� E�F�� 5� 5&� � ,U�2+ (!�� �� =��� 2��� t�I�?< ��&+ �k*��+ �

Page 255: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

231

4�JH)M:df�uuuuuuH ( Uy!F�� (&��� R": =�� M��T�& ='< �� j����3� j�� 5� j!���� ��#���Y��� �:1 =�� +< I�:J�2K� �:1 =�� +< ,X!k��� �:1.

@� (uu� �u# yXuu� R C*u��� (uu2��q z���u!�F' z��uu#< �H� uJ�� � uu2 ��u�V R�uu��� l��uu��& �u� E�uF�� 5u# � u�C? �u� UH��su' /u# �:u"��+ �u:�� R M�C*u��� Z& S"�+ M+�C' =�� ) 8*��+

ZF&�-�� j�� 5# � �+ ��+ ��J�� 5#+ D�$��. �� U:W��V �u� ,����uJ�� �H� uJ�� ~u��CV �u��*� �uHK+<+ D�u$�� E�uF�� 5# �H� J��&

R 4�JH 5&� X�V"jH\�� �+\O N�O "� Zu- + z��u-'+ �G�# ~2 M��T� I�� ¡�&)fe� ( Z�@�+ /-'+ �G�# ��@� M�!&3�+ ,��E)��� ( z��!&.

¢£�# 5&� X�V ��+)M:f��uH( (&��� R" -¤� � �C�� " M��T� I�� ¡��& � 5��J�+ ��@�+ �G�#)��� ( Z�2+ ���2 M�!&3� I��+ ,��E)fd ( z��!&.

��J�� �H� J& �� U:W�&+ R (� �!2 X�V �� D�$�� E�F�� 5# �H� J�� I���� R ~��CV"���$�� " Z�&�<+ �z��2+ �G�# /&�< M�!&3� I�� ¡�& �)¥¥d ( �zC�< M�!&3� I�� ¡�&+ z ��E

�G�# p +)�e�� (�z�!&)�(. �:V t8��� �\H 4�#< ��¦23� �#<:

zK+< : �L�$# �#" ��� ���� "§4@2�� A��� �*� �z!L�� :§h_-C' R �� 8*��+ �!V���� �H� J�� I��� R Z-�� �:*# �# �zk��� :§h_-C' R ) 8*�� Z-�� h�¨� �# �z�&�� :§h_-C' R ) 8*��+ R���� Z-�� I�:J�2� �I��# �#

�z-#�^ : §h_-C' R ��8��2K�+ l�!F��& Z-�� ��@� �# 3� h\H 5� M�&�1�� R<��L < X�� I�:J�2K� ��� =�� A W�� �F�L < ���0� 5# �� ��¦2

�z?@©]�+ z���. '$(� �� �����

¢ª�# X�V 5# ���C�2� H I�:J�2K�"�:O ") 8*�� �H�J�� j�« )< . U2� �H�J��+ 5# X��V"(*��� �� ¬!J�� �:O ." H ����� R �H�J�� y s& � F�� 5$q �\�" : By� �� /«�F���¤�

�� ZF«�*�� 5� ����� r�� (�+�� )\y��")�( .� F� �!� �� � �����+" : 8*�� R �H� J��+

Page 256: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

232

�^<�����& ZF«�*�� 5� ����� A��� �:� -� ,�F­� # ��«�� ��")¥( . �\H =�� I�:J�2K�+�kL +< ��O 5# `���F�� =�� ��K��� R /«�� H �� ���^�� H.

'�)*+,- ".���� H �H� J�� o Q+ ,�!&���� ��� F�� A�*& R �yw? $� < yS�� )\y�� S!�C�� 4@$�� H+

� ����� ®� �� R �LI��1< BG��«+ �*��� ��� � (*# � ©�*�2�+ ,A����� h<�F�2� )\y�� y���� UYW� � �� R ���J�� 4m0�& U:-CL< A����� \^< ��+ ,_����� R U:$��-#+ U:���+ U:#@� j!'�'

��� F�� ���!] R �yw? h+\ y°� )\y�� 4@$��. �« !uu-�� � uuF� �\uu�)M:�e�e4 ( (uu&��� R"N� uu�K� "�H�uuJ�� 5uu�" : R ~uu�� �uu# uuH+

(u!�� �� =�u] (u±!�L 4@u�+ ,D�u$�� E�uF�� H+ ,|��' �� 4@� XJV ,(�?��C& B� � 5# 4@� z��ukL+ z�u�L 5��u­� �� �uk$& �*u-�3� M�u-V < | h��&+ (*#² R+ (�k�& X�� A����� 4@�+ U�2+

�V�� +< U�-# 5�")e(. ��� ��+ �u2 �T�)M:���¥4 (�H�uJ�� �u���' R": M�u��� ��\u�� )\uy�� y�uGm0� uH

U:�­!&��& � � �� ����� �� �< 5# � � +< X�m*��� 5# ���� `���F��")f(. � �� R X!� z��kL +< z���O y��� � � H N@©]K� R �H�J�� y s& � F�� 5$q (!��+

+< � � =�� (& ��w�?K� I����+ ,��w�?K� `���� +< )<�)d(. X]3� 5� �+�¤� �!�� +< ,�:!V o²�*�# �!Gm1 `���� ���F�� ³s� �H�J�� . �!�$�� ��� F�� �y#<

(­L< +< U2� (yLs& X��C�� =�� I�:J�2K� 5� `�8*�� �-#< �\�+ ,�H�O | ���{ K � y�´V ,�V��# (L � =�� K+ ,<����� �!µ� =�� �+�:J�-� r+ ,o V�# `�8*�� M�Cy*�# R �H�J��V–

z�����– �1��^ +< ,`�G�² � #3 �y#. ) 8*�� Z-�� �� & ³sL < T� �*� j2�*� ,�z?@©]�+ z��� I�:J�2K� ��# �L��� < ��& �#@2�� ®� �� R ��!V��� (�L�$# �*#�#< SW�' >? ����^�& �+ �!���� hI :1+ b�%�

U!����. ��/ 01�2�����

buu�%� I �u-# 5uu& �uu� 5u& �uu2 � 5uu& �u·< l�uu���� uu&< 5��u�� ��:uuO uH)�(. + juu±F����:*�� ���� R (*� A�1+,b�%� Z-��& �2 � 5& �·< 5���� ��:O)�(": �2 � 5& �·< H

Page 257: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

233

) uu8*�� Zu-��& 9+�uu��� buu�%� l�uu���� u&< I �uu-# 5uu& �uu� 5u&" (uu�F� y < ��\uu!V ,"Zuu-�� " (uu�!*�+"l�uu���� uu&<" +, =uuF�'"buu�%� Zuu-�� " 5uu# z�_uuk� h+I�uuV< ,A@uu1< A�uu�� )�uu�< =uu�� (uu# ��

( !uO 5u# u �a�� ��\u�+ , u*C��+ 4 ���� : ¡G�u��� �uF���)f�f¸ d�eg ( �u2 y& y��� pL u�+)d�� g( ��uuJ���+ ,)d�f g( �uu!? uu&<+ ,)d¥eg ( j?�uu]"£!uu}� �uu8���"+ ," 9�uuJ'��

��uuW��"+ ,"X!:uu-��� N�uuO "�uu��# 5uu&K)��( +, U*uu� �uu�!« �uu���' buu�%� Zuu-�� 4�uu#�� �*�?�uu] ¹�uu' (uu��� 5uu#+ ,�uu!���� (uu�L�$#+ ��uu2� �� (uu�V�F� 5uu�" : uu��� ��uu��"+ ," E�uuF�� _uu-C'"+ ," � uuF��

m!1 ��"+ ,"X!:-��� N�O"+ ,"�!�«�J�� N�O"+ ,"º�C�3� 9�O< _-C' R º�C%� `��")��(, A�uu©���& �uu�V�? `�uu!? �uu�&+ ,�!�suu���+ + R uu'– �� (uu·�– /�uu2+ Zuu- + ~uu2 �*uu2 �H�uuF�� R

�G�#)��(.

34 $5�6�" ��6�� 7��6�� 8��9 �� ���� !"��" uuuuuu& =uuu-�� buuu�%� Zuuu-�� ��uuu�� suuu& (uuu!V �uuuO K" : ��uuu�$�� 4 uuu�� R uuu��� ��uuu��

uu*$�� "(uuu-C*& � uuuF� �uu�� R+ ,�uuu!&���� 4 uuu�� Xuuu$& XuuuV�? �Cuuu2" : �\uuuH+ �uuuF!F%� R �!*uuu����)�HI _^�+ )�� �w!�L")��(.

0�:� ;��" ���� !"��" �!�suu' | (u��VI �uu�� ���u23� �uu�' M� u©^ �uu*� bu�%� Zuu-�� (�?�u] �uu�� �u�

� uuF!V ,��uu»� �\uuH R U!uu���� ��uu�$�� �uu��" : =uu�� (uu�mL< ,�uu�!�0� �� juu�� XuuWV< E�uuF�� �uu#�� (uuF�^ _uu^ ... Uuu:V �uu�� �uu*­k?+ (uu!L��# ... Xuu6#s' _uu� 5uu# h7I�uu 72+ (uu7�C? I��uu�

�� p!uu�Vh�]�F� U6:7C7u' K+ h�*��")�¥(.

� uuF� y� : �uu�m*�� h\uuH 5uu� (uu ¼-C*& 7suu&½�7u� < juu!�y��� ¼5uu¼©7C��+ ¼juu��3� Xuu�����& |+3�uuV ¨ �uu�& �uuH+ ,�H�uu�E+ �uuu:±;< =uu�� (uu# �� 5uu# /uuu�­©!V ,�y!*uu ­-�� �uu�'���& �H\uu^s�+ ,�uu­!L��� �uuu�

4 uu�� �uu-  +@���uu& (uu��C�< : Uuu��+ ��uu��� Uuu��+ �uu���� Uuu��+ ���uu���� Uuu��+ ���uu��� Uuu�� �!���")�e( � F�+ �:�#� + ������ h\H B!F8�� � #�� �� A����� ­ s& 6�¼F�� H+ :

" A�uuuu���� �uuuuk�< �uuuu�+– �� Uuuuu:·�– �uuuu��� (uuuu& � uuuu 6�H�+ ,�uuuu�� 5uuuu� tuuuu8��� 5uuuu#4��HK�)"�f(.

Page 258: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

234

@� (uuy*$�+4 uu�� �uu-  �uu ­�< x�uu�+ , E�uuF�� 4 uu�� /uu¾ �­*uu�# �!�suu' �+�uu" ¿uu? : _uuuJ�� �uuu ­À �uuu��8­��� �\uuu� �HI±�uuu� �#�uuu*� uuuH+ , �uuu!���+ ��uuu���+ �uuu�6���+ ���uuu�­���+ ���uuu��� �ukÁ 4 u���� h\H k8�� � L�� A����� ­ s& 6p¼�� (y*$�+ ,(H� ± � ��!�«+ ¼(]���^� | ��\&

�I�C*# M�I�uC# =u�� �u���� ½57# U:*#+ ,£FV ������ ��� =�� ����� ¼57# U:*# ­ < ��� , �u���� ½5u7# U:*u#+ ,�u���� ��F�uO�& Bu����� ���u�y��� U�� 5# �_k� �¦!O ¹�'+ ,£FV º�C�3�

(��@&+ (�L �2��I =��. �\uuuH U��uuu�+ ,���uuu& �:uuuW�& ��uuu�±'K� `���uuuO �uuu&��w�# 4 uuu���� h\uuuH y < y� )<�uuu��

(uu� F&" : (C��uu�' �uu!C!� 9�uu�� r+ ,@kuu# <�uu��# +< K uu�C# +< @��uuV �\uuH ½ uu 7� 797�uu7� ½5uu7# ­ ´uuV`­ 1��� ������ B±F� r U�­*�� 5# (��¼�½ 7# �!� K+ ,(��F�O� K+")�d(.

Zuuu-�� � uuuF� �" : h\uuuH R l�uuu*�� h�uuu�� �uuu# =uuu�� ~uuu��«�+ ,��\uuu� ~uuu�<� �uuu�VU:�uuuu�<�+ , uuuu*C�� :� �uuuu# 5uuuu# buuuu*13� K (uuuu!�� (uuuu!�*��� ��uuuu� r )\uuuu�� ±Zuuuu��� Suuuu"� �� �z�uuuu���uu#+ ,���*uu��� X$uuJ�� =uu�� �uu��F���uu7�7�½� ¢¿uuC�¼&¸ R 7Zuu��� ­)¼ uuF�� 7D�uu$�� 7�� �M�Y�uu2�

¼�V� �� ±¿%�& ¢U½�¼� ±X� 5# � z\^E ,4 ���� h\H 9��«< /�")��(. j�uu-�� +< Zuu-�� 9�uuH �uu*� SuuW�� B�uu2 �uuV �uuÀ ��uu�$�� �\uuH �!�suu�� /V��uu��

M�©!uu2 �uu� /uu0� �uu­!�F� ­ suu& 6�uu¼F�� uu:V ÃZF&�uu-�� juu�� 5uu# 4 uu���� h\uuH 9��uu«< /uu� uuH��uu�� <�uuFL �uu­# �_uuk� 58*uuV ,�uu�� =uu�� �H�uuO (uu�w� ��uu�$��+ ,�uu������ \uu*# (uu!��" : �uu:!V+

M�A��� �J� �:!V+ ,(1+< �J� ."| (u"�� x­�u��!� Zu-�� 5u$� r+ ¼_u� x�u^3� 4 u���� h_uuu�+ �uuuy!? uuu&< (Y!uuuO /*uuu] �uuu� ,� �\uuu�� �uuu-¤� . ���uuu2< ¼ª½�uuu7�& @kuuu# 6U�uuu:� K uuu:V

��uuuuF��& ­K (uuuuFC��+ _uuuu-C­���& �uuuu y�:# 5uuuu$� r+ ,�uuuu:!� ���uuuu��� ���uuuuF' ��uuuu�?� �� ­K �+muuuu6*���+�" �yÄ $� t!? _-!��.

�9 <��2�� <�!= " ���� !"��" ����C!�^ �1�?)M:��fdg (���$�� �\H 5�" : yX1< h_� =�� (���O� /# :V (!V �y*] �#– E�F�� ���� U�� )<– �-¤� 4 ���� /� (L3 : ,�������+ ,������

�!���+ ,�����+ ,�����+")��(.

Page 259: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

235

�« !-�� ���)M:�e�e4( E�F�� ���� �V��# R t��%� �*� z�W�<" : ����+�:y�1< Z-��"...)��(. )I++���� ���+)M:�¥eg ( : ��� ���� 5� z�W�<" .... ­K (Y!O `�!? R (Cy�< (­L<

�*-? �J��*# /"� # R (J��L+ ,(!�� I�²")��(. �� �3� h\H 5#+ m!1 �� �$�� �\Å �� �# ¹��� < Æ��F�� /!©�-� �!�� �L�$# ��U!�� � ��# sO+ �!���.

>4 �� ���� � �� ".����� ���1- �� $1������ $�����" ���� !"��" + H Z-�� �:*# | ³sL �#�*�(w:*# �*� ­Z& (-C*& z@G�� :

..." z©&�u" ,4 u���� h\uuH �u�� � 5u# �uu!�� `�u��� ~u ½"�7� ±� ,9��uu«3� �uJ�*# ��suu-� � ��� M��� ��+ ,���*u­��� �u�' XuH< �u*� ��u�Y�� uH �u# ­K �u��< K+ ,4 uF�� ju�� 5# (� �zI�Q

(uuu!�� M�uuu"� �K�+ (uu�GKI 7�uuu ½�¼� ��uuu�$�� �\uuH Xuuu�� �uuuFV Uuu���� XuuuH< 5uuu# �uu?3 �z�H\uuu# M�uu��U���� ��� j�� =�� (��!?�sV �X�� K ��+ ,�h�����sV (*� �� 0�+")��(.

y +"buu�%� Zu-�� "uu�& �uuC�$� , `I�uu��# A��E | ��uO�� �– Xuu!�� Xuu�� ��uu� �u�¸ :"���*��� ��' XH< �*� ���Y��&" ��k# (�!��'+ (�GKI +< ���Y�� �\H =�� ('�"� �� ��\� ��+ ,

)�uJÂm�� Uu2�F�� �< =u�� `I�� �� M�J��*�� 5# �z_k� ��� (yLs& (�#�F# R ��� h��L)M:e��g( �uuu!©� 5uuu& �uuu� �<+)M:e¥�g( A�uuuF��� �< 5��uuu�� juuu�+)M:����4( �� uuu0� 5uuu$#< + ,

U:*� A�J&('���)��(. Ny�u�� (u*$�+ ,� u¾+ Uu:�# � u��+ UH�+�u� h��uL �À+ ,UÅ� �< ª�7�& �C�$� K (Ls$VA�F��� �<+ �!©� 5&�+ �!? �<+ )�JÂm��� U:*# ���� =�� �!?3� U��# R my��� �� (Ls&.

��uO�� ���V �� u0� � u�# 4�uF' R Z� u8*�� �u�& �u*� ²� u0� | `– �uzV�� �u� �� �z�+�uQ +<– Zuu-�� ��u� Ã�uu�k#3� �uu�& �uu��+ Xuu#���� =uu��" : R ��\uu�� X!uu�C' ��suu-�� h\uuH R+ 8*�� U��")�¥(.

R z@uuQ `�uu8*�� �� uu�< Zuu-�� 4y�uu� < �uu�& �\uu$H+ ��suu-# �+�uu»�+ y��uu0� �uu#�� 4�uuF# ��ÃXuu��C ��uu�": 5uu# juu�©�!�V o uu" �� �\uuH �uu:��� K ,�uu& 1<+ M�uu"� ��+ XuuGKI �� uu�3� h\uuÅ+

`�8*�� j��")�e(.

Page 260: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

236

7�uu 7�7� < �uu�& �uu�+&�uu�C� R jH�\uu��+ M�A��uuF�� �uu� "I uu��+", � uuF�": | �uu1�? @uuV�uuF��� R �uu�� Buu!F{ 4�uuF'+ ,�uu*H (uu'I��")�f(�uu�C� R+ , " ��78uu 72"�Zuu-�� � uuF" : ��78uu 72+ :"V (uu!

(uuu& Buuu!�3� uuuH � h�uuu�� �uuu*� �� A�uuuO (�!uuu�C' ³suuu� ,_uuuk� 4@uuu�")�d( . 5uuu� (uuuk��? R+"4K I uu80� "� uuF� � ,�uu:!V Z� uu8y*�� jH�\uu# | Zuu-�� _uuJ��" : M�uu"� ��+ XuuGKI �� uu�3� h\uuÅ+

X!:-��� N�O R ('��� �� �*H �:*� ~!*��2� , 8y*�� j�� R � �\#")��(. ?4 ��@�� ���� ������ ��" ���� !"��"

­-��+ r + ,h� yK� y)��& �� M��7�7L 5# (yk�� �#+ A��E 5# h�y�F� �# X7½�Q R Z ��Ç )\y�� :V �'_�$�� ��2���� (���� �# ª��� < I��< ��´V ,�G�I (�y����& Ny�7��� 5$�

(-CL ~� �� R+ ,(� N�'��+ ����� )<� | ����� /#+ ,(2�2< 5# (WV�� +< �V $�� )<� �±�7W�X!�� ��& h��L �� Z!V $�� A���& U�:� �� ���.

��suuu-# �uuuCV" yUuuu �:y���")��( Xuuu]3� ­ < ��uuu���� x�uuu� : ,A��uuu±*�� 9�uuu? 79¼\uuu? y� ,�� �uuu� ,9+\u� Xu�V �uy!F& `I­�uJ�� U!u�� ­ < u!V $�� x�u�+ ,`Iz�uJ�� U!u�� h\uH (u*# ~7"y ��+h���uF' :

� uuF�+ Z��uu���� �uu��*� ZF��uuC�� Xuu!�I Zuu-�� ª�uu�� < �uu�&+ ,_uuÈ �uu*6#�<" : jH\uu� \uu^3� ­ (L@©& 7 �7�V ��2�V ���� X�¾ Z!V $��")��(.

²+ R+ "~uuuu±!7#")��( (�uuuu]< ­ < uuuu!V $�� x�uuuu� h�G�uuuu�L+"~uuuu�¼ 7#" (uuuuL< ��uuuu���� x�uuuu�+ ,uuu½! 7#ZF��uuuC�� ��uuuw�?� ��\uuu� < �uuu�&+ ,M¼ � uuuF�+ ,U:�!uuu�I+ Z��uuu���� yI� 5uuu-8�-� " : yI� uuuH+

5-?")��(. ²+ R+"�� '")��( ���½C7u' (L< !V $�� x�� " ,(uWV��+ )<�u�� �\uH j­F��� Z­-�� �É+

� F�+" :(!� 7�1�? K"@G�� (!�� X!� y���& U:���©�+ ," :�:!�� X!�I K x �I H+")�¥(. 5� ��Ç �� Z7-�� x�L ��� /# Zu­-�� �uF� z@ku# Z!V u$�� 7�u±�a�!� Z��u���� �u�� �

(uu� �uuH ½5uu7# _uu� =uu�� �Cuu±��� �uu��1 o uu" # R �uu±�a�� �uu� # Z!V uu$�� 5uu# : S��uu���� juu¾ XuuHu­��� 75uu ¼#< �� uu�1 � K AKau:V §_uu­W��& �u:�# ½� ��suu-�� Zuu-�� ª�u��+ , uu�1 � ��uu����+ ,p

� F�+" :� =J�� � ­À �\H+5-? jH\# H+ ,Z!V $�� )<� =�" jH\u�� Uu�I R �uWq ­� , z���O+ �LE�� I�� �� o�-��& R $��)�e(.

Page 261: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

237

R M���O�� A�µ< 5# A��*�� 9�? 9\? R Z!V $�� jH\# Z-�� �­�< �\$H+|��' (� �:Ê ½U�� ½w71�7? AK�a7H ½U��L7<� 7HË)�f( ���":U�L< "+ ,<���#"U�w1�? "+ ,h�^"KaH A

xI�*# ." z���O I�� �� o�-��& R $�� jH\�� U��� <�& �)�d(. R+Ê(­*�u*±u! 7u���7�Ë)��( �`A��� =� �� ���)��("(L �*±u!7u���7� " 5# 9+����+ ,�!� ' _� 5#

Z-�� I�+< � ,4@$�� ��72 R �:����' +m!¾ !V $��+ ,z��# �:�#+m� Z������ jH\#�!����� �H� J��:

�L< �5¼�+�3 =�2 �� z�*!q �X�F�� (­L< �+ ¢X ½87� ½-�# ¼~½¦ ¼O �¼�)¥�( �^E ���+)¥�(:

¢Ax�#� ­X� ��7�½u&73 z�*!q �X�C� K+ zK � �9¼� ½ 7m�u� �H�?+ ¼4@��& ='sV)¥�(.

$1����� $9�����/ 8�A���� =uu�� ¿V�u�+ �u� 4muu��!V ,±4�u��� 4� u?K� �uu� # �u� 8­*�� ���*u±��� ��uu« 5u# �u±�a�� �uF�

5uuu# Suuu"� �� (uuuC� # (uuu&��� R x�uuuL+ ,�uuu[��77Ä Z&�uuu��� A�uuuF��� �< =uuu�� ª¯uuu�� �uuu� �uuu­# �_uuuk� (uuu­Ls&V ,���*uu��� I uu!� 5uu# y��uu8��� �uu�mL U:*uu# �uuF�� Zuu? �uu!©� 5uu&�+ )�uuJ­m��+uu±�a�� �:*uu! �:*uu# �

+I Bu��« ���su& �u�T� � u©*# |� Xu�� u� 6I u�+ , �y!��*u±��� ('@�+s' U��# R �H�­���& 4�m��K� )�u0� +< ,�u:!V 5u$� �uÌ �uk�< `I��� A�©� +< ,�C�� +< _^s'+ D�F' +< ��" | y�©W� <

A��+ M�?�J# �:G��+ 5# XG�« K. |��' (� � R+ :Ê �$¼�7� �7­À¼ �hA�7!¼�½+7< �9± 7�Ç � �7©½!­J�� �UË)¥�( U:W�& ��� : Z� �C�� ­

+ , �V+\�"hA�!�+< "���F���+ ,�V�¤� P�F2 =�� j�L" :hA�!�+s& �J�� U$V Ç " A����+ y7�< `A��� y)<� XG�F�� �\H ­ s�+ ,U$� �� Y��� ��E UH L $!V ,hA�!�+< j�-& )< ,j�-�� :

hA�!�+s& 9 7�Ç" A���� ~V\? ­� ,X]3� R �:�k# � :0� `A��� ­ < ­5�V .Z­-�� ���" : p!�+(� �+�" K �# A��±I� | �1�? K � ,��\�")¥¥(.

B4 �� ���� ���� C1�6�� =�D��/ ��& Z-�� 4m��� ��D�$�� E�F�� � �<I+ ,(& I�:J�2K� 5# �k�<+ ,('�A���+

M��� 5# S!�C�� =�� �G�I (�� < �*� ���*� (­L<+ ,(6�1<+ o�-�� (­Ls& _�­\��� =��

Page 262: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

238

�� U:W�& ­ < ��� 5#+ ,�H_��' ��$O<+ ����� X±w-� zH 1+ (� � ���� R �C!�" �|��' :Ê �:�u& ±\7��s7V ½�+��7C7� 75�¼\­�� �­#7s7V ½UË

)¥e( @G�� Z­-�� (!�� ­I�V" : ² ¾ K < ���*� �\H+4@� S�V< R � y�1 �!�" (1+ ��$'�� /# ,(!� �1�%� 4���")¥f(.

5u# A�uC�� 9\u? =u�� M�u�T� �u�& �±�uÇ < �+�u? )\u�� A�uF��� �u&< U1�:� ��+� :J�� ~!���& � z�:J�-# P�J�� �� 1 :V ,�H�$J� ��� ¼M�*-%� ¼X�C� 5# �u�� (u!�� 6I_

@G��" :§ �+�" R K ² ¾ K H+ ,~!���& ��T� )± -� �!�+")¥d(. +"�uu½L¼m½�� "|�uu�' (uu� � R:Ê ¼�uu ½C�$½�� ¼R 7 ��¼��uu 7-�� 75�¼\uu­�� 7�uuL�m½7� 7K7+Ë)¥�( `A��uu� =uu��

/V�uuuL)¥�( 5uuu# ����uuuW�� 9�uuu? UuuuW&" muuu?< " ,z�uuu!�@� (uuuL7m7? 5uuu# A�uuu!�� S�uuuC& ��uuu���+ z�uuu!��&�X!FV : z��� X7�½uV7<+ X7�7uV (!V A�1 �# ��& 5# �;"X!�+ , : (u!V Xu�1 (u7L7m787V ,��# ¼9@�^�&

� z�L½m�? :)< (u� 787�+ (*7H7I :(u7L7m ½?7<+ (u7L7�7? ­ 7< 6Bu%�+ ,z@u ½8��+ z�u* ½H�I (u!V Xu�1 ��!uO�V �u�����u� A�uF��� u&< �u� ½ + Z'�'� �# �[ �k�)e�(": Í�u�!�� Í�u�� mu?< ­ " BuC'� �u# ¼ju!w� ½5u ¼#+ ,

z�u�V�L <¸ �� (uu·�¸ 5uu# `I�uu�� h\uH <�uuF�" mu?<" o�uuF�F�� 5uu& �uu�m� �uC�1 �uu&< (Y!uuO <+ , 5# �H��F�"(L7m7? " �A��F��+ ,Z����� Z& /0� 5# �\H+ ,z�!�@� Í��7�­��# Í�­*�2

)e�( . juuuu'��# =uuuu��< R h6�uuuu��7u�+ , o�uuuu-�� 5uuuu# o uuu­*�� �\uuuuH 6Xuuuu¼�¾ Zuuuu-�� �L�uuuu1+ �\uuu$H+

�?��C��. �� ����� 01���� E���F��� G1"���/ 5uu# +�uuk$� buu�%� Zuu y-��+ Xuu!F� 5uu&�+ 4�uuJH uu&<+ �uu��# 5uu&� ��uuk#< 5��± suu��� x�uuL

���J�� ) �*�� t��%�& I�:J�2K� � L�u�+ ,��u��� M�uwÅ 5u# �wÅ M��� +< ,UH��� � U����uu� 8­*�� ���*uu±��� R 4< �uu�6��� R A� uu2 (uu& � uu� �� o�uu-�� o� uuL< 5uu# �uu� L (uuL+6���� . �uuÉ �uu*H 5uu#+

R ��m� t��%� `I�#" ��� ����." uuuu& I���� ª�� ��+"��$�� " �� j�� 5# �;_�+ X!É��+ `�� ��� I �F�� � Ã/0�

(� � �\H Xk#+ ,(W��& /0� 5� y��V ,��m*�� |��'4@-�� (!�� :" ��¼��­J�� �7Å�7� ¢� 7¼� 7� ��7�½]< ¢�½!¼�7� ��77��")e�( (� � ����)e�(:

yX� K7< A�O �X«�& 7�� @^ �# �+ U!�L yX– 7���� K– �XG�²

Page 263: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

239

)�uuuuJÂm�� � uuuu� I�+< �uuuu�+)e¥( ,z�uuuuV��# 7 uuuu$� < N�uuuu�� =uuuu�� ¼juuuu��*�� ±Buuuu? 5uuuu# (uuuuLs&�� F�" : � ��%� 7�!%�" 4@-�� (!�� (� �+:"®7� �L K A�!�L3� 7�O��# �­L")ee( .

R+ 9+�? A�µ< 9\? Xk# ��]�*�� "5$�"|��' (� � R:Ê ½5¼$7�7+ ½U�:7-�C½uL7< 7 �¼�½�7�Ë)ef( :����� `A��� =��)ed( 7 $� < �:�: ½17++ ,`I�J#"U:7-CL< "+ ,�:µ�" ��� "

h����F' Í9+\� U2K� =�� ���¤� ��0� 5# ��G����+ ,��¤� : ,9¼\�8V ,�� ��� U:7-CL< ­5$�+�+�" K ² ¾ K 9+�%� h\H ¼U2� 79½\7? ­ s& �\H ­I�� ��+ (� F�)e�(:

z�# � 7�-!*$�� ¼X^�� ½57# ­ 7A���+ z����1 �:!V 7B½�7u� U:W�& < =�� (� F& z��:J�-# , �+�W�� =�� h���½F7u� K4@-�� (!��:" z�&�\� l�*�� �O< 5# ­

�#�!F�� 4 � +� ���")e�(��� ,":(L h���F'" ,U:W�& h­I� ��+ , `I��² =�� t��%� �­� 7 +" ½5¼# "���F���+:l�*�� ­�O< ­ . `I��² +m! �¾ K ������+"5# "ÎC^3� K ¼j!� �� �\H Xk# R)f�(.

Xuuk# �+�uu»�+ ��uu0� uu� 4�uu� R+" ¼(uu­��� 75uu ¼# "XF�uu-' K (uuL3 (uu� � R I�*uu2�� `�uuG�V (uu&|��': Ê ­K¼ ¢A ½�7O ¼R ¼(­��� 75¼# 7p½!7�7uV `�7F�u' ½U�:½u* ¼# ½� �F­u�7u' 7<Ë )f�( : =�� ¢j�L ±X� R (­L< ��¼H����

5# ��%�"A�O "(� z�C] 7 �$� �­ s' � (L3 .+"A�O R " ��G�V 6XF�-' (& 3 ,p!� ��^ H���F���+ ,I�*2 ¼�� :)< 9�W# 9\? 5# �& K+ ,�� 5# ¢5G�� A�O R p!�V : ��K+ 5# p!�V

�+ ,��X! :�� ¼5�¼I ½5¼# .��&�*�� ~!�& �q�$�� ��T� U:�W�& �­�7L+)f�(:

z�� �w�V ¢�2< R 7~½�7+�? �� * ±�¼# 7~½-7�+ �*# �~½-7� ±�´V Ï!uuJ�� ��uu�)f� (" : ­ 3 ,¢�uu!i p!uu� _uu�*���+"�uu*# "+"�uu# " �uu^"p!uu�" (uu& XF�uu-' ,

��T� R+ ,`�G�C�� : (�� � ��¤�"A�O R " p!�V��T�� ~!���." 7�!©� �5&� �� ��+)f¥ ( �\H =8*��

��uuFV U:uuW�& 5uu� (uu'��� )\uu��" : �\uuH+ ,�� uu���+ ��uu$�� =uu�� Ð�uu ¼"½�7# A�uuO R �� 5uu# p!uu�VU�uuu2+ (uuu!�� �� =�uuu] buuu*�� ��uuu� �uuu�:"�uuu­* ¼# 7p½!uuu7�7uV �7*uuu ­J7� ½5uuu7#")fe(. ¢9�uuuW# �9½\uuu 7? ¼4@uuu$�� R+

�h����uuF' :�� | �6�uuF��� 5uu# p!uu�V(uu�� �+ ,�\uuH uu�+ ¼�� uuk��+ " :A�uuO R " ¢juu�L ¼/uu ¼" # R uuH ¼(¼� � R )\�� ¼_W�� 5# ¼��%� =��":�� 75¼# p!�")ff(.

-�� ���� H���� E�/�2�� �2I���/ �k�< 5# �CG�« I�-� < +I (&��� 5# ���+ � �° @V ,��±J��& I�:J�2K� 5# Z­-��

��*' �y�� ,���O3�– �:*# @!�� ��� �#– �8!�C�� ��6��� � �� |.

Page 264: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

240

�� 5�\­�� �# �^ =�� ±I��� XG�2+ 5# ��!2+ �:#�Y�-� (­L< R �:*# ('I�V SW­�'+!V ,h�­�� �yÌ `���� WV��@k# �H� ­J�� h\H ��& U:#�#< /W: U:W�& /*# �FV)fd( ,X�C�� � �� X��# A�O =�� �z�G�� �z_" X��C�� �� �� (­L<

���­J�� � F& (!�� 6I_V)f�(: ½�7� K+ 6t ¼8�-� ¼A��� �X717< ��#3� 7� �? ����� �� )�

u& Ñ -*�� <����� �^ R A�C�� � ^I U:W�& /*#+" ­ � "u& +<" ­5$� " �� �� ���­J�� � F& U:!�� 6I_V ,P�­J��& � ] �� (!�J�� ���+ ,K ] # �µ�)f�(:

½���7V �# ¼�� V���@7# 5� ½U�$ $� 9 -V =7W½F�u� �# y5$�+ � F�+" :(!�� �7w? o�-��+")d�(.

� �V��+" ½ 7< "���+ ,�C­*�� ³s' �? �C��" :£��2 � � �\H+ 5# ��� �~��½k7u� r ������ �-�")d�(.

5-%� `A��� �!�s' R ���%� � � )�JÂm�� ��� �#�*� Z-�� �+s' ��� /#)d�( R A�!�� 9\? =��"� ����' "|��' (� � R:Ê ½X�F7uV�½ 7��7�7u' ....Ë)d�( Ò�����:

........................ 74 Å� �½µ��< ¼Ò��' ¼Ò��')d¥( 4@�� ¼�-$&"��FV ," :�\H ��J& hI�:J�2� R (!�� ¼2�*�� ���& 7��� ��+ �� �� p!�+ ,�^s���

j!�% 7�7J½L7< �� �\H+ z�2�*¦�2� h7�7�7� (L´V ¢j!�&)de(:

7~­7Ä ­7Ò�? � 77�½�7< �;�!7� ½17< ....................... �� �!$V (*� (��½#­�7� �� ��� 5� H �\���+ �7\7���+ (!�� (­�7uL+ (7V7�7� ÍA�O (!�� ����

§ (*�")df(. R+"�# " |�u�' (u� � R �uC*�� �uWF�*# �u�:�� �u�²�w%�:Ê Í� u�27� ­K¼ Í�u­7�� �u7#7+Ë)dd( :

Zuu-�� ��uu� :�uuH" ­ 3 ,Zuu!!���+ Z�²�uuw%� �uu�� =uu�� �uu�< z�uuF�©# �uu*H �uuÅ 7Xuu� K+ Í�uu!V�L K Z!!�������� �� �½��u� .�:*# P+�J& �� �½��u� �²�w%�+ :uuuuuuuuuu& ��uC*�� 7�F�*� ­K<"K" � ,

uuuuuuu& �:�:7u� 7O H+ (�13 ½~7�¼7� )\�� j�-�� �+m�"p!� " � $!V ,��%� �CL R"�� " ,z<���#+"� uu2� " + ,�uu:�!CL 7�uu¼F�L �� �uu 7Å�; �uu�< ,� uu:0� jH\uu# uuH �\uuH ,h7�uu^ �uu 7Å�� ²�uu1< �uu�

�JL<+ ­K´& ¼�C*�� z�WF�*#)d�(:

Page 265: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

241

zL * 7w*# K ��H��� �#+� (¼�Hs& �& ­\7��# K M�1�%� �j?�] �#+ 7j7�7*7uV" z�L *w*# "+" z�& 7\7��# " ¼�^ =��"�#" 7��& �;+ ,": ­K"�^T� � � (��k#+ ,)d�(:

�� ��½�7u� )\�� 6B7? �#+�z� K�$7L ­K (7�!� ��¼� ½-7�+ uuuuuuuuuuuuuV"Buuu? " �Uuuu2�"�uuu# " zK�uuu$7L+ " 7�uuu¤� ­ < =uuu�� 7�H� uuuJ�� h\uuuH � uuu:0� 7�­+suuu'+ ,�uuuH��^

����uuuF���+ ¼9+\uuu}� �uuu¤� ��\uuu� Í� uuu�# �� uuu�*�� �\uuuH+ , Í9+\uuu� : 7 ��+I ��+�uuu� ­K ��H�uuu�� �uuu#+ �juu]�*�� �Xuu�C�� 79¼\uu �8V , uu*w*#uuuuuuuuuuuu�" ��+I" R (uu#�F�# (uu!� �9�uuW�� U!uu��<+ �9�uuW�� 79¼\uu�? � ,

�\�+ ,������" z�&\�# K "h���F' : U!��<+ X�C�� 79¼\�87V ,z���\�' �­\7��u�" z�& ­\7��#" # 74�uF"j�\u½�7u' "|�uuu�' (uuu¼� F� :Ê ¢�­muuu7�Ì ­Xuuu �� ½U�H�uuu7* ½u�­m7#7+Ë)��( )<: zK�uuu$L K �\uuu�+ ,Buuu�mn ­Xuuu� " �uuu# �uuu6�$��� (uuu!V+

x�')��(. ����� R+ )\�� ��@k�� Xk# ,o�-�� (!V j��3� �À+ ,�#�� `���� (${ K"X½�7uV "

+"�uuuuuu� ��V : "uuuuuuuuuuuu�" �¡uuuuuu½�­m�� "|�uuuuuu�' (uuuuuu� � R:Ê ½U¼¼� uuuuuu���u� R 75�¼\uuuuuu­�� �uuuuuu­#7s7V Í¡uuuuuu½�7² 7(7&�uuuuuu 7J7' �uuuuuu 7# 7 uuuuuu��¼�­�7!7uV �(½* ¼#Ë)��(:��F� : �¡�m� 7Ó�² z�� ��²+ z�L��7�7²+ z�7� ��²+ z��½�7² .A��uC�� ���" : ¼M�+� ¼�u#�� R � uF' ���u���+

Xuuk# �~uu½�¼² (�uuJ� �uu­ ¼Ì A�uu!�� : �M½�uu¼«+ �M½�uu ¼]+ �M½�uu ¼2 : ,`I+�uu½! 7? �M½�uu ¼?+ ,z�+ ½_uu7«+ z�+ ½_uu7]+ z�+ ½_uu 72Xuk# +� u�� M�+� �u#sV ,z�uk� �u�� �u�?�< K ,�� �½!7# �~½� ¼#+ : ~!u ¼"�+ ~u��� �u�� � u� F� r U�´uV

º�C�< ��&�< R K :M½�u�2 5u# `I+�!u­-��+ ,o� u�Å� 5u# �u� �� ½u!7Å�+ ,4�I 5u# �# ½q­���+ �L *½! 7$�� ." � uuuH+ Xuuu]3� (uuu!V /uuu ¼�µ �uuu� (uuuL<+ ,(uuu!V 5uuu� �uuu� ¼Buuu���# 7_uuu� z�_uuuk� z�uuu#@� �uuu��"�uuuL *­! 7� " � uuu� R

���J��)��(:

u ................. ��8��� 7I �� ­>7? ½(7L *­! 7� )�¥(

�\uuuuuuu$H"� uuuuuuu��7uV" +"� uuuuuuu��V "uuuuuuuuuu�"� uuuuuuu��7u� "|�uuuuuuu�' (uuuuuuu� � R:Ê ¼& �uuuuuuu 7:6u&7� �uuuuuuu 7:7�­u�7F7u�7uV ¢� uuuuuuu��7F ¢5uuuu 7-7?Ë)�e(:��uuuuuF�,A�C�� S�uuuuV � uuuu��7uV =uuuuu�� ½M7A�uuuu 71 �uuuu�� �I�uuuuu��� 5uuuu# : zK uuuuu�7� A�uuuuJ�� �~uuuu½�¼�7� .

��uuuuuuu1m��+ A��uuuuuuuC�� ²�uuuuuuu1<+)�f ( 5uuuuuuu# 9�uuuuuuuF�� ­Uuuuuuuu""� uuuuuuu��" , ,�+�uuuuuuu�¤�+ � ^6�uuuuuuu��� �l�uuuuuuu!F�� uuuuuuuH+��uuuuuu��� 5uuuuuu� ���uuuuuu�3� 5uuuuuu&� �uuuuuuH�$?+ : 5uuuuuu� z�uuuuuu��µ �:±uuuuuu"+ 9�uuuuuuF�� S�uuuuuuV zK uuuuuu���+ zK uuuuuu�7� (uuuuuu����

+ ,�����"� ��� (:1+ =�� "�+�JL<+ ,UW��& K �*H ½X7F�u� r ��� ,�_� K)�d(:

.................. ............ (!�� (1 ��+� ��F�� 9�F�� UW& U:�W�& �h�$? �\�

)��(.

Page 266: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

242

J4 -8�A�� ���� K�D��/ R (��k#< 5#+ ,I�­©�� ����2K� =�� h�W�F� )�¾ ,���*±��� � ]< 5# H+" 6�6��� ��� " l�!F�� �V� �FV ,_k$�� I�­©�� =�� l�F�� � ­À+ ,�I�­*�� =�� l�F�� K (yL< Z-�� x��

�y�� �H� ­J�� ��& =�� �:!V MA�1" ½ 7< "� F� ­� ,�V+\� �H+ ��#�� ��]�­*��" : �\H ­ < ­Kp!F# _�")��( ³s� < (�W½V7� X!�F�� �\H 5#+ ,"X!�V " � �7�7��uV =�� �� Q �] �� : �¼7�

� F�+ ,`���+" :(!�� l�F�� K t!Á �+��*�� 5# (­L�")��(. -8�A�� ���� 7�������/

Xuu]< �uuuzW�< uuH+ uuuH+ ,���*uu±��� � uuu]< 5uuu#" R (6F8�uuu-� �uuu# =uu�� ¿uuuC­��� ��uuu? A�uuF& X]3� 5� XF­*�� X!�I 4�� �*� X]3�"����� ��I3� 5# H+)��( . s& ��\� Z-�� < �:*V

­ < Uuu�² A�­�uC��"`�� uu' " �uu�²+"�uu7�¼�½C7u' "�uu8�V �uu-$�� �~7�¼�uu½&�s7V¸ �uu*��� �\uuH ­ suu& ��uu���� (uu!�� ­I�+ A �­+< R �u:��� 9@È � �� /"� # R ­K K­+< �I7m�u' r A�­���+ ,K­+< A�­��� `I��² (*# 4m�� (­L<+ ,X!��

u� , m; �~7�¼��� K­+< ~��+ �� +� �� ­ < ���+ ,~&�� (­L´V ��$�� : u� A�u' +< ,h u1�< : ­� ,h�u �Z­-�� � F�" : 7< 7�¼:�� �# o��±'�+�7:½��u� r �# o��±'� 5# 7|½+")��(. G���� �L��5

­] ' ��� �G��*�� UH< Xw2< < �*H x�<+Ò����� t8��� �@^ 5# �:!� ~�: � 4�uuu� (uuu��@& ²��uuu& +< (�!��uuu2< Uuuu:V+ (uuu&���� �uuuzL�!&+ (uuu����� E�uuuF�� N�uuuJ� A�uuu���� �uuu�&

(�L+ h²�w� �J�+. � R N u" & h��uL+ ,�u� ���� M�u2����� � u] �u$&< 5u# ) u8*��+ R�u��� I�:J�2K� 6�7��u�

)�uu$���+ l�uu8*��+ ��uu1m��+ A��uuC�� (uu&���+ E�uuF�� ��uu�# juu�� Zuu-��+ 3 ,�uuH_�+ M�u�$�� �+I�+<+ (u!�� ��u' )\u�� ) u���� �u���+ �u�$�� Xu]< ��\u� � u"��' U��8]<

+ �uuuuu:V+�? R �:���uuuuuJ' �uuuuu�� ��uuuuu��� 4@uuuuu� 5uuuuu# UH�uuuuu�a� �uuuuu� Uuuuuu:G��E =uuuuu�� �+�:uuuuuJ�2� +< U:G���uuu& +\uuu^s� �uuu�+ ,5��uuu^T� Z� uuu8*�� uuuJ��*� �\uuuH Xuuu� R UuuuH+ ,UH���uuuO<+

U�+6I�� .

Page 267: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

243

� ) ���� _-C��� j�� UH< 5#" u*$�� ��u�$�� 4 u�� 5u# u��� ���� " Xu!�0� r�u��� X!�{ R MK+�}� /� )\�� b�%� ) 8*�� Z-�� B��' �# ���+ �� �� z@!�{ M��T�

N " &�� ��+ ����O+ �� �+ �!V�] �H� O 5# ��. ¥ h�¨K� ­)��& �� M��7�7L 5# (6k�� �#+ A��E 5# h��±�F� �# X7½�Q R Z-��+. e uH V �u� 8*�� ���*u���+ �u!LE�F�� M�A��uF�� R ¿V�u� 4mu��# D�uu$�� E�uF�� �u��& 4mu��� �uF

K� �k�<+ (u�� < �u*� �u��*� (uL<+ ,(�1<+ o�-�� (Ls& _�\��� =�� �<I+ ,(& I�:J�2�H_��' ��$O<+ ����� M��� 5# S!�C�� =�� � zG�I.

f +�-C�� ,UH�u�� � U��u� ���uJ�� ) u�*�� t��u%�& I�:uJ�2K� 5# �k�< 5��^s��� Xk#uuu# �uuuz� L (uuuL+ 6���� 5�\uuu�� 5uuu# uuuH+ ,��uuu��� M�uuuwŠ5uuu# �uuuwŠM�uuu�� +< o�uuu-�� o� uuuL< 5

�� 8*�� ���*��� R 4< ����� R A� 2 (& � � ��. d (uuyL< �uu� I�uu-� < +I (uu&��� 5uu# �uu��+ uu�° K+ ,��uuJ��& I�:uuJ�2K� 5uu# �uuk�< �uu zW�<

�uuuu���� � uuuu�� | �uuuu�� M�uuuu!&3� 9KE h�uuuu*� ~uuuu��& �uuuu� >uuuu? ,���uuuuO3� 5uuuu# �uuuuCG�«�8!�C��.

� +(uuyL< ��\uu� F�� R Z��uu���� �:*uu� 4muu��� l�uuF� �uuÀ+ ,�I�uu*�� =uu�� l�uuF� K (uuL< R l�uu!_k$�� I�©�� =��.

� 8uu��2K�& 4muuu��� �uu zW�< Zuu-��+ uuuH+ ���*uu��� � uuu]< 5uu# Xuu]< uuuH+ �� ��uuu? A�uuF&¿uuC��� �uu�I3� 5uu# uuH+ Xuu]3� 5uu� XuuF*�� Xuu!�I 4�uu� �uu*� Xuu]3� R (F8�uu-� �uu# =uu�������.

��¸ _-C' +" ��� ���� " 8*��+ 9���� XG�-# 5# �!F!�©��� M�� ��� �� À _^ 9����+ 8*�� �2���� ) 8*��+ R���� B!�©��� =�� 2����� AKaH 9���� �$�

�!LE�F�� M��Õ� . ��¸ �:� 5�\�� z�]�^ �!L��-����� �!*���� l����� b��©� � Ô�1 �!C# _-C��� �\H +

��& j!�)������( ¢(1 & �!?�*�� h\H 5W�!&��$�� �\H 3 �Ô� CO ) 8*��+ R����Ö< .

Page 268: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

244

��¸ R M�uu�#�0�+ �uuH����+ l���uu�� R �uu����1 `I�uu� ��uu�$�� �\uuH l��uu� < 5uu-?3�+ �u��� �� Xu0�+ M�u�$�� �uC��Y�� M�u:!1 ��� R ��@« /2 �� �$� M�� �-�� /!�

!&���� M������� R z�]�^ �!LE�F�� M��T�+ z�#�� � . M�)���N��� M�,����

R Zuu-�� �:*uu# =uu�� � uu�F# ,o uu" �� �\uuH �@uu^ 5uu# ~uun �uu�� ,�uu2����� ~uuL�� h_u-C' R ) u8*��+ R���� I�:J�2K�" u��� ��u�� " �u*!V��� ���u�� 5u# �z_uk� Xwu2< Uu�V

4�uu#< /uu2�+ ��uuu»�V ,_uu-C��� �\uuH R �uu*#�$�� MK�uuu»� R h��I 5uu� � CuuJ�$� �uuu� Zk?�uu��� P�uuF*�� R /!uu"� �� �uu�' �uu�& | _uuJL+ ,�uu!���� MK�uuF��+ ® uu8��� �@uu^ 5uu# x�uu^3�

�!�����: � Zuu-�� \u^< R �u� 8*�� +< �!V�u��� �u!?�*�� 5uu# �u2����� ju�^ u$� < 5u$q

R �u!? �< h���u2< =��"£!u}� �u8��� " ­8u] (uLs& ju�$�� 5u# h_u�+ 5u# �z_uk� SZF&�-�� A����� =�� s©^3�.

� )�uuuuuJÂm��+ �uuuuu!? �< Zuuuuu& `I�� uuuuu�� M�uuuuuJ��*�� R �uuuuu2����� U�uuuuu' < 5uuuuu$q �uuuuu�+�z_k� �!?�*�� h\� (#��HK XF�-# tÁ R �:*!& Z-�� 9��L+.

� R �uuuu!�@��� �H� uuuuJ�� R �uuuu2����� U�uuu' <" uuuu��� ��uuuu�� " h\uuuu� (�?�uuuu] 4�uuuu�HK� �!?�*���� 8*��+ �!V���� Z�2�����& (#��H�.

¥ �uu� 8*��+ �!V�u��� �u[�:!1 '+ �'� u��� �uu!LE�F�� M�A��uF�� R XF�u-# tuÁ ju�$� < R" ��� ����."

Page 269: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

245

�O��� �

� ���# &< ,(&���+ E�F�� ,��1m�� )�-�� 5& U!H��& ��82 ,b�O h��� X!�0� ��� � ����� B!F{�/� �¦!Å� ,

,��_#3� /&�©�� +aJ� �#������d¥ , +�^T�+ �#�' � ����� B!F{ ,l�8*�� �C�1 &< , E�F�� ����+ ,4�/� , �H�F�� ,t��%� ��I ,���d�� ���� R �!����+ ,4 ,)�$��� Z-%� 5& �� ��� A�F��� &< , E�F

I Ø ,)+�w��� �� ��� �#�F#¸ ,��� h����O+ b�%� ����� =-!� ���©# , g��df 4 . �¸ ,� F�� /��& X!# � ����� ,�!&���� ����� �H� O R X�C�� Uw����/d�f ,M+_& ,�!���� j�$�� ��I ,

,|+3� ���©�� , �*�����f4 . �¸ ,�"� �·< Ï!J�� ,����� Ù# Uw�#�/��e , �*�� ,M+_& ,`�!%� ���$# ��I M�� J*# ,��e�4. ¥¸ Ø ,�!� �� � ����� ,�����& I�:J�2K�+ ���+���: ��¥ , �H�F�� ,j�$�� r�� ,��df4. e¸ Ø ,�« !-�� 5���� �@1 ¿V�%� , 8*�� U�� � ]< R N� �K�: ¥� ,�*Å� ,�ÅI ���« ,����g. f¸ 5·��� ��� �L�� B!F{ ,�2 �T� )�$O I � �±!-�� ,I�:J�2K� (& yS�� �# �!& R I�Q3� 9�{

Ø ,)�+���:�e ,�!������ ��� :0� ,I���& ,I�O��� ���©# ,����4 . d¸ ,��V���� �I�] =C©�# ,����� ��IE Ï���'�/¥d�k��k�� ���©�� , �H�F��& �#�F�2K� ���©# , ,��e�4. �¸ ,)I++���� 5���� pÚ ,5��-C�� M�F�«�/��� ,|+3� ���©�� , �*�� ,M+_& ,�!���� j�$�� ��I ,

���� ,�@F-��� �w? 5&� ,�*#�k�� �G��� �!�< R �*#�$�� �����+ ,4�/��� , �*�� ,M+_& ,X!0� ��I , ,�« !-�� 5���� �@1 , �"�}� 5-?+�/¥¥���� j�$�� ��I , ,|+3� ���©�� , �*�� ,M+_& ,�!����d ,4

,����m�� ,4@�3�+�/�d¥.Ø ,lI�-�� U-F�� ,�:V I � ���' , ���+�& ,����� �I3� Ï���'+¥ed – ¥e� ,���$�� �#���� ������ �¦!Å� ,���e4 .

�¸ ,)�m0� 5& �� 5& �� _¤� �< 5���� pÚ ,A��F�� M�F�« R ���:*�� ���� �/��� ,�!���� j�$�� ��I , ,|+3� ���©�� , �*�� ,M+_&���f 4 .

��¸ � ,���:*�� �����Ø ,�� ,����m�� ,4@�3�+ ,d/�e�Ø ,4@�3� R �w*��+ ,: �e `�8*�� M�F�«+ , ,X!w� ª�!� 5-� � ����� B!F{ ,��V�J�� )�23� ��:O �"�� 5&� 5���� �F' 4�#�� ,Z� ����+

Ø:��� , ,�!������ ��� :0� ,I���& ,9�O3� �w*�� , ��*�� ���©#��d� 4. ��¸ � ,5��-C�� M�F�«�Ø ,��� ,�*#�$�� �����+ ,�/��� �·< 5& ى�%� ��� N@C�� &< ,jH\�� M��\O+ ,

,���*%� I���� 5&� �� 5&f/�d� ,�!L�k�� ���©�� ,M+_& ,_-�� ��I ,��d� R M�*0� M�"+�+ ,4< ,)��-L� ¤� ���& �� �²_# ,M�I�-��+ A����� �� ?�/��� , ��� ,U� ,���� M�F�« R `�� �� �!�&+ ,g

,�« !-�� 5���� �@1 ¿V�%� ,`�8*��+ Z� �����/¥�� ,M+_& ,��!] ,������� ���$�� ,��f¥ 5-?+ ,4 , �"�}��/¥¥�,����m�� ,4@�3�+ ,�/�d¥1��' R ZC�a�� Uw�#+ , �"� �� ,�!&���� j�$�� �C*�# U ,���8$���/��� ,M+_& ,����� ®� �� A�!? ��I ,��dfg .

Page 270: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

246

��¸ Ø ,) *23� U!?��� ��� 5���� ��� ,�!�V�J�� M�F�«: ¥�� ,|+3� ���©�� , �*�� ,M+_& ,�$C�� ��I ,

���f4 ,5��-C�� M�F�«+ ,�/��� ,��:O �"�� 5&� ,�!�V�J�� M�F�«+ ,�/���+ , ,�*#�$�� �����/��� ,jH\�� M��\O+ ,f/�d� ,M�*0� M�"+�+ ,�/���Ø ,`�� �� �!�&+ ,:�Ø ,:¥�� .

��¸ �� �·< � ����� B!F{ ,b�%� Z-��& 9+���� �2 � 5& �·< , *$�� ���$�� 4 �� R ��� ����,��a�� �#�F# ,P��¤��/f ,|+3� ���©�� ,M+_&+ BJ#I ,U�F�� ��I ,���f4 .

�¥ ,b�%� Z-�� , ��� �����/�. �e¸ ,(-CL ������/¥. �f¸ (-CL �����. �d¸ ��(-CL ��� . ��¸ ,(-CL ������/e. ��¸ , *���+ j�$�� =#�2< 5� *��� �J��/��� ,M+_& ,�$C�� ��I ,����4. ��¸ , E�F�� 4 �� R �F'��� B!��'+ D�F' ,�« !-�� 5���� �@1 ¿V�% ,������ j�I =C©�# � ������/��� ,

,|+3� ���©�� ,BJ#I ,_k� 5&� ��I���d4. ��¸ ,5��-C�� M�F�«�/���. ��¸ � ��� ��� ,�/e. ��¸ (-CL �����. �¥¸ ,(-CL ������/ ��� – ���. �e¸ ,(-CL ������/¥fe. �f¸ ,(-CL ������/�d . �d¸ ,(-CL ������/�� . ��¸ ��(-CL ��� ,�/fd – f� . ��¸ , ��� �E � 2� :ff. ��¸ �� , ��� ���/��e. ��¸ , ��� �E � 2� :�d. ��¸ �� , ��� ���/d�. ��¸ , ��� �E � 2� :�. �¥¸ � , ��� �����/e�d . �e¸ ,(-CL ������/��. �f¸ , ��� �E � 2� :ff. �d¸ , ��� �����/�¥� .

Page 271: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

247

��¸ , ��� �E � 2� :��d. ��¸ ,£!}� �8����/��f . ¥�¸ ,£!}� �8��� R H+ ,� :Q (�G���/��f. ¥�¸ 5& ��� 5& �� �V���� &< ,���# 5&� �!C�< =�� � Ú3� N�O =�� ����� �!O�? R H+ ,� :Q (�G��

,�!��� �H� J�� N�O (�#+ , ������/��e ,U� ,�"��� M�� J*# ,��f�uuuH . ¥�¸ , ��� �����/e�¥. ¥�¸ , ��� �E � 2� :�de. ¥¥¸ , ��� �����/¥��. ¥e¸ , ��� �E � 2� :ef. ¥f¸ , ��� �����/��e. ¥d¸ ,(-CL ������/��f. ¥�¸ ��� �E � 2 ,�: �df. ¥�¸ ,j��« �< 5& �$# �� &< ,�J$���/�feP , ���2��� �-2a# , �W#� 5���� �� � ����� B!F{ ,� ,

���¥4. e�¸ , E�F�� ���� R �!�����/�e�. e�¸ , ��� �����/¥�¥¸ ¥�e . e�¸ t��%� U�� ,)��Y��� S!8] :��¥�t��%� U�� ,X�*? 5& �·<+ à :��fd. e�¸ Ø ,(L� �I :�ef . e¥¸ ,)�JÂm�� �� 5& I � U2�F�� &< �� ��1 ,9�J$���/¥�d ,|+3� ���©�� , �*�� ,M+_& ,�$C�� ��I ,

��dd4 . ee¸ t��%� U�� ,)��Y��� S!8] :e�e�t��%� U�� ,�G�-*�� 52+ , :¥�e�. ef¸ , ��� �E � 2�: ��d. ed¸ ,�-��L3� �!? 5& �2 � 5& �� 5���� _�< ,£!}� �8����/�� ,�!L�k�� ���©�� ,M+_& ,�$C�� ��I ,

����4 . e�¸ �Ø ,�� -!�� ��%�] ©L< �3� B!F{ ,(L� �I R H+ ,X©^Ü� ~!��: �df ,�!$!� ��$�� ���©�� ,

,M+_&����4 . e�¸ t��%� U�� ,)��Y��� S!8] :�ee�d, t��%� U�� ,U�-# S!8] :ee�� . f�¸ , ��� �����/�f�¸�f� . f�¸ , ��� �E � 2�: �� . f�¸ ��!&\�� ��&�*�� � �IØ ,���-��� 4�� B!F{ ,��H�0�:�d¥ ,M+_& ,�I�] ���$# ,��e�4.

Page 272: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

248

f�¸ ,£!}� �8����/¥�� . f¥¸ U!H��& 5& �� ��� B!F{ ,�«�L���� �!©� 5& 5·��� ��� 5& B%� ��� ,m�m��� ���$�� _-C' R m!1 �� ��}�

, +�^E+ )���L3��/d� ,�!#@2�� +aJ��+ 9��+3� ��²+ ,l�V , ,���WV ���©#��de4. fe¸ t��%� U�� ,U�-# S!8] :��� t��%� U�� , I��I �< 5*2+ à :�¥e� . ff¸ , ��� �����/��d¸ ��� . fd¸ ,£!}� �8����/¥�� . f�¸ ,(-CL ������/¥��. f�¸ ,��w*�� ��� �� B!F{ ,�1 5&� ,ÝG��¤� R H+ ,)I+3� h VÜ� ~!����/�ej�$�� ��I ���©# ,

,��������ee4. d�¸ , ��� �����/�� . d�¸ ,(-CL ������/�ef . d�¸ Ø ,(� ��^ 5& �·< 5& Z-%� ,M�A��F�� R �� J��:�� ,��# ,�!L�·��� ���©�� ,���¥4. d�¸ , ��� �E � 2� : f� . d¥¸ Ø ,(L� �I:��eh��]+ ,M+_& ,`�!%� ���$# ��I M�� J*# , : 7�7�½L7< �y# �'��1 ��< �*7*!& ��H��� . de¸ ,4�m� h��� �� B!F{ ,)m����� j!©¤� N�J& 4�n �< � �I�/�ed ,��# ,9����� ��I ,��e� ,4

hmw�+ : 7j7! ½O7< 7I7�½#7< ¼(1+ 5� �:!#@� . df¸ , ��� �����/��e¸ ��f . dd¸ , ��� �E � 2� :�¥¥ . d�¸ =�� ����� �!O�? H+ ,��2 �& �?3 ~!��� ,� Ú3� N�O�/�¥� . d�¸ pÚ �·< B!F{ ,�« !-�� 5���� �@1 ,/#� 0� /� N�O R /#� Å� /; R H+ ,£!F� 5& p��� ~!���

,5�����/��� ,|+3� ���©�� , �*�� ,M+_& ,�!���� j�$�� ��I ,����4. ��¸ ,s�2 � 2�¥ :�� . ��¸ , ��� �����/¥�¥¸ ¥�e . ��¸ ��� �E � 2 ,� :d . ��¸ ,)���L3� M����� &< ,9@¤� XG�-# R 9��L�� R H+ ,� :Q (�G���/��� , �H�F�� ,/G@©�� ��I ,

���eh��]+ ,4 : ½�7* ½u!¼C 72 �*­y" �­L7< 7~½!7� �7� . �¥¸ , ��� �����/�d . �e¸ , ��� �E � 2� :�d . �f¸ ,��1m�� (&���+ E�F�� ���#�/¥�¥.

Page 273: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

249

�d¸ (�G�� Xk# 5# X]3� R 4�¤� ��]< ��+ ,� :Q :� �F�� (!�� (1 ��+ �-��& X�� r + A��� �� �� ��¸ , ��� �����/�¥� . ��¸ ,(-CL ������/d¥ . ��¸ ,(-CL ������/���. ��¸ Ø ,N� �K�:d . ��¸ , ��� �����/��.

Page 274: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

251

������� ��� �� �� �������� ��� ���� )������ ������ �!"# $��%�# &��'�� ()�(

Calling Non-Muslims to Islam as an Institutional Pattern

(Islam Presentation Committee as an Example)

����� �� � ��� ��� *

���� �� ��� ������� **

���� ��� ��������� ***

Abstract

In fact calling to Almighty Allah is the major responsibility of

Messengers and Prophets who are chosen personalities and ambassadors

to the human being. And it is further responsibility of successors and

inheritors Ulemas. No doubt calling to Allah is the best deed after the

believe in Allah because its purpose to guide the people towards truth,

lead them to right way, to haten them from the bad way and to bring them

out from the darkness towards the light.

Islam has more emphasized on collective effort than that of

individually conducted as well as it is the unique feature of Islam that it is

necessary for all Muslims to call others towards right path and forbid them

from bad path.

Islam Presentation Committee owned by Al-Najat Charity

Society(A Kuwait base Committee) is an example of collaborative and

institutional work for invite the non-muslims towards Islam with their

different religious backgrounds. It has many departments for different sort

of people involving in the act of Dawa’h wa Al- Irshad. This is an

introductory Article about the activities of the Islam Presentation

Committee which might beneficial for all those who involve in the great

act of Da’wah wa Al-Irshad

____________________ * !�" �#� $��% �&'(��) *( ���+,��� *-.���/ *(.0�1� 2��34� *(�,/ .

** 6���� ���0-�� ��7� �&�#� 8���� �� ��� ������� 89��:#� ;���<�)>(�?� (*-.���/ �&'(��) *( ���+,���. *** �� $��%2������ �&'(��) *( ���+,��� *-.���/ *(.0�1� 2��34� *(�,/ .

Page 275: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

252

,-.�� /0��

AB�� C�� 8AD�C EC. �� 2!CF �CG E&HC�� I�C(�<�� JC���� *C�K. L�-M �� LN 2���� ON �CCG� 8P�D�CCQ�� P(��CC/���� 8P�.�CC-�� I�CC��-�� ECC. �K�CCR��� JCC���� I�CC �F *CC�K. �CCG� 8SCCT�F LN!CCC?� U �KCCC(V� 8WCCC4� LN X�CCC+�� *CCC&��G �CCCY�Z O< [L�CCC-M ��CCC/ O�CCC\1� �CCC-/ ]�CCC�<� JCCC3^� 8

��CC+�� LN ��CC��_�� ECC. �K ��CCFN� 8�CC:��� JCC%��� ECC. �G!CC +M�� LaN �CCD bECCc ad efb�CCC� gECC" bh� bECC.� Pa�a�CC b"g�b�� ECC a. aiCCc�aN ]�CC�� �ea4�CCj JCC a�� aSCCc����)k(. I�CCl�/�� 8SCC+&D LN 2��CC�� �CCG �� LN 2��CC���

��CCC^N� 8m�<� U SCCCnK+. �CCC,V� 8A��CCCG JCCC� ECCC. 2I�oCCC��� 8*CCC�p��� *��-�CCC�f�� 2D�CCC-��/ L�CCC-M AD ���-#�CCC/ �CCC.f�� JCCCp/� �CCC. ]�CCCp/N� 8�� WCCCh� �CCC. q�CCCThN� 8�� O�D ECCC. r�CCCpM sCCC�� tCCC(u��p��

��� 8�C,+#� EC �CK+����� J(C� U D�CK .A' �C. 2��C-/� : 8e0.�C,�. e�CQ��F w0C�1� LN 2��C�� AHCCG JCCx.� 8�'CCy f� z�CC:. !CCuPCC{� �.<�CC/ tCC"(� |�CC-#� AHCCG LN 2��CC�� . }CC~�� �HCCG U�

�"��#� J�-�� ]0F E. P��"#� !u 2�D �o� ���"� ;�� w0�1�/ �&�-��� *+� " �CG��K^��G� E.� 8P��"#� !u 2�D U 2'(�#� O�n��� J3^� E.:

1����2���� ��3� $��%�# &��'��� ��"2'4��� 2����# $�2�'56� 23��� 7�2�8 1$�2�9� �"2)�1�224# ��:;�222(�� �22�3� 22�#��� ��222���� <�22���)�� =222���8 .�CC+x� ��CCC� O�,(CC�� 8�HCCG : �CCC&�-M

8w0CCC�1�/ �CCC&�-��� *CCC+� ����DN� w�CCC"�� 8w0CCC�1�/ �CCC&�-��� *CCC+� ECCC 2HCCC� 8O��CCC+-�� ��D�CCC .+� U *(��#� D���#� 8w0�1�/ �&�-��� *+� U *&���� �&��:#�*��?�� 8w0�1�/ �&�-��� *.

�!?� @�-��� A B��(�� <���C� &��8 3� ���"��

2�D : ��CQ/ �C(�N I�C:�� JC(� O� �CG� 8�Ch�� JCj� 8JC�-#� ��C4�� 8PC-��� 8]����]�CCTM 8�CC+. O�CC,& w0CC�� : $CC"+�� U 2��CC��� 8�� ��CC/ w�CC-p�� LN 2��CC��� 8I�CCD �CCD� ��CCD

�CC",��/ .CC4� U I�CCDf��z�: O0CC^ ECC/� �CC�� ]�CCTM O� �CCG� 8I�'CC�f� .�CC��� *CC(�D�: U 9�CC& �CC. �CD ]�<� O�C,^ 8A�C-/ �CF�� �Ch�� �TC� �;N �C�;� 8O�p(4� t��M� 8A�-/ �. ��(� r�3��

|�CCCx�� .z�CCC-�� O�CCC"� $h�CCCj ]�CCCT&� :2��CCC#�� 82��CCC#�� 82��CCC��� : w�CCC-% ECCC. SCCC(�N ��CCCD �CCC.z��CCCC��)�(

. JCCCC � 'CCCC �� ]�CCCC��:� ����CCCC aj LaN gI�CCCC:& bECCCC. �a�CCCC bKC&� aw0CCCC c"�� a��D LaN ��g b�CCCC& gSCCCCc����

Page 276: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

253

��(aT� b"g.�)�( .w0"�� ��D : 8w0C"�� ��D *C+�� O�C,M O� ��C�� 8�� �CG w0C"��� 8*C+�� �CG

�CCCC�� �CCCCK(�N SCCCCT�F �� I�CCCCD� 8I�CCCCT��� *.0CCC"�� ��D �� LN X�CCCC+�� JCCCC ��� ��CCCC& �� 82��CCCC.S(�N X�+�� ��& w�-%� �GH��& */D�.)�(. ]�C� ��C�� SC(� �� ��Cj �� ]�C�� O� }&�4� U� :

"$CCn(�^ w�CC-% LN ���CCh� �CCD �;N)�(. ��CCQ#� U I�CC � :I�CCD 8�CCD� 8�� ��CCD : tCC�K�/� e��&� ��D� 8!?� E. A�+ ��(^ tu�� 8]��"��/ S(�N :�D 8S���N t�%� S�&D�� X�+�� O;�#�

�CC���� 8�� �CC�D �CCK^ 820CCQ�� LN :�CC(h���� LN WCC�?� �CC�D �CC+��� 8O�CCD� 82�CCD)�(. ]�CCT&��CC�� SCC(� �� ��CCj ]�CC����" : f 8SCC-M ECC. ��CC � JCCx. �CC <� ECC. SCC� O�CC� ��CCG LN �CCD ECC.

EC. w�CR� JCx. �1� EC. SC(� O�C� 8*�0C� LN �CD EC.� 8��(C� �G�� � E. ��; �T+& f 8SC-M��(� �K.�R� E. ��; �T+&")�(.

E�F�GH� ���"�� U �K^0�CFf e�C-M [Pxh�C��� PM�C,�� ��C� �D�-M� 82���� �� �� &�-M t ��F�

2��C�� LN �C_� EC. 9�C+K^ 8��CF� *CK EC. �CK(�N �Y�C_� ���C M� *CK E. 2����  -. �&�Vh� w0C�1� SC/ I�C �C# O�(/� ¡(�M �¢� �� 8�(C�-M� �C� �C¢� �C� �CK(�N �C_� EC. 9�C+G� 8$C"

�GH( +�� �T(p��� $���� E �GD� � .. e�C.� e�C &�-M S � E. 9�+G� 8���_� E. ��; !u LNSCC(�N 2��CC�� w�CCK .� E&�CC�� w�CCK . PCC/ £'CC\ . 82��CC�� r�CC��. *CC-(% ��CC &�-��� tCC���+M ��HCC��,^ 8�K�¤�C��� 8�K(���� 8�K^��G�� 8�K.�K. LN �CK+. �Cj���/ �C&�-��� LN z�C�� �&��C-��� tC�

���-�� W(p��� LN z��� 2���� O� ��; $�� 8�&�-��� ����� S/ £�¥ �H�� �4�/ �&�-��� 8*(�CC:�� w�CC�-�� r��CC^ �CC(�¦ ]�CCQM1� 2�&�CC� 2��CC�� O� �CC� 2�0CC 8�CC��-�� E&��CC��� LN �CCK+.

fN 8�CCK+. JCC,� �CC��-�� WCC(p��� ECC. I'CC �CCK^ ECC. e��CC^�� e�CC_h ]�CC� e�CC(�� 2��CC�� §�CC-. ���CC/N O� I���-�� D�K )¨(.

���"�� �I J����� ���KL M – ���8 �#�

L�-M S��� E �� S�� *(�(M E/N w0�1� ©(� J�� :� aSCc��� LaN �CgbD� �a�(aC� aAaHG bJg� O�~bg�� ai-CcCM� aE.� ��� �2! aQ/ �� Pa�a�C b:g�b�� EC a. ��� �.� aSc����)ª(. U PC-�M *C.� 2��C�� JCG�

w� 2��C�� AHCG U JCF�D �C,+#� E �K+��� ���-#�/ �.<� JG� « f w� *��".� ��". J� Wh

Page 277: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

254

f �C�� P��C"#� D��C^� EC. D�C^ JC� �C� ��C ���� EC. �C¬ JCK^ 8�C��,& § �� P�F�D ���� �;N� « « f w� w�CCTMCCT�p. O�CC� JCCK^ PCC �� �CC��� �;N�f w� ��KCC"/ *TCC:#� D�CC � �CC. e� �CC.­� JCCG� «

�CC�% LN �D�CC& 0�CC� 8�CC�; U A�;� �;N SCC(� |�CC�� ECC. ��CCT& O� �CC,+#� ECC �G�CC+��� ���-#�CC/« f w� e�CT�p. L�� SC��M JCK^ 8��; S� O�� �;N� « f w� W4� $�� U S+. .�� *C�� z�C �^:

� �CC�4�P#�CC-�� z� .. 8S�CC�� SCC/ �I�CC �CC)� 8SCC/ O�CC\1� LN 2��CC�� �CCG L�CC-M �� LN 2��CC�� w�CC�N� 8PMD�KCC:�� LN 2��CC�� E�CC3�& �CC�;� 8���CC.� �CC�(^ �K��CC%� 8SCC/ ��oCCF� �CC�(^ �KT&�CCQ�/

S�C��� 8SC��� 8SC�,¤0.� 8��C/ O�C\1� LN 2����� 8t(�� >h� 82��'�� I��&N� 820Q�� .�C��^ 2� ��H/ �� }-/ ��� 8S� �&�� f A�h� SMD� ��; Jj�� 8S+&D LN �-�� 2��/ O�,M �� LN

S�� S/ ]'��� 8S���)k®(L�-M ]�� 8: � O�g��G LaN bJ a�b��` a|�"a� gWa�pb+C& f� �a� b�j gW( a3&��)kk(. O – B�"�P 7����� ".�

]�T& O��&� �,�� � �������" :�QT� 2����/ 2���� LN 8�� ]�� L�-M:� aAaHG bJg� ai-CcCM� aE.� ��� �2! aQ/ �� aSc��� LaN �gbD� �a�(a��)k�(. D�QT#�� 2���� LN �� 2���� LN S(+&D

�G� w0�1�:� cOaN E& °��� �b+a aSc��� gw0 b�ab1��)k�(. �H�� �� I� S/ ��� ��j �� S(� ���� E. S/� ..w0�1�^ �G r���. 2���� �K�T(Th� �HG� �G Jj<� ]�<� 2���� .�T^ ¡c�/ ���

���� S(� �� ��j �HG w0�1� �(_-�� E"h� ¡(�M S����� ±J²� ��& LN �� H+. O� S.��� �� *������/ LN Ph S��T��� LN ��� S/� �,�� �H{� S���� �� L�-M:��& �K³C&� ³ a�c+�� �c�aN 9�+b��b��

� e�aG�� �e�°:g.� �e�&aH�� �e(a�D� LaN aSc��� aSa�b;aa/ � e �� a�� �e!a+g.�)k�(. �K^ ����� ]�<� LN w0�1� ..�����^ O;N �G Jj<� |�x�� 2���� .E&H��� �G�D ]��� �� ��j �� S(� ���� LN w0�1� �Kl±�/� S����� �G z�-�� �G!u� O< S����� *.� LN �(µ �:�� !u 2��QT. �� z�-�� ..]�� L�-M:� 9�+b��b���.� e*c �� cfaN aX�c+�a� �e�&aH���e! a:/ cEa,�� �Cx b�� aX�c+�� O�g��b-C&f�)k�(8

±��#�^ LN w0�1� O;N �G Jj<� }��x�� 2����. ��� w�� ]��� �� ��j �� S(� ����

2����/ LN w0�1� J¤�����/ * ���#� AHG� J¤����� �G Jj<� �/���� 2���� 8*(.0�1� ]�j�^ 2���� O;N *-/�� :8�K���. 8������ ��#�� J¤������")k�(.

Q – ���R3��

Page 278: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

255

�� SCC�� 6�'CCl�� �CC�� ©(CC:�� ]�CCT&" : �CC¢N ���CC-#� �CC(µ SCC¤��%� U �CC3& JCC.�� >.�CC��/ �CCCK-�¶ sCCC�� WCCC&�p�� §�CCC-. �� CCC:,�"(�� 8�G�CCC(� ECCC. *CCC&�l�� ���CCCQ(� X�CCC+�� �CCCK(�N £�CCC�· sCCC�� ECC,� 8*CC( %�-��� *CC(+GH�� ��CCT��� �D�CC#� I�CCTM�f� ECC. �K�CC"�� U ��CCQ-�� �&�CCl�M �CC�� 8E&�CC���

,& �. �� *&��G E. w�-& f J( �� U O�"�1�S(+l&� S(. ��CQM ��CF� *^��N LN A�-/ X�+�� *nh f �. w�,hf�� ���T�� E. ��H� E�3M�

]���� �� ��-��¸� �� X� +�� �¹")k�(L�C-M ]�� 8:� bEC a. b�aKb(C� � e�( aKC� �*Cc.g� °JCg� aU g}C- bCC� wb�CC&� aIfg�CCG �CC� � e�( aKCC� �CCa/ �CC+ bC� a � b�aKCC a"g bC�� e*CC b��� �e�CC gG� �I b�CC� °JCCg,a� �CCe��( bCaM z�CC�a,b�� �CCb(� �CC+b�c'C��

Pa�a� b"g�b�a� ��b:g/��)k¨(. S A @�'0��� &��'��

P�&� �+� E. r��y �. W� ±O� 2���� LN �� �G ��-�� �H�� S/ ��-gM *^�� 8q�p�� J¤������ �f��7�� 2D�-�#� 2D�{� LN ¡(�M §�-�� �µ� 8w0�1� gSg+(a-gM� �� O�\1� 8S/ ]�F���� 8S(^ e����Q. S��T� L�-M:� bJg� aAaHG �a�(a� �gbD� LaN aSc��� �� �2! aQ/ ��� aE.�

ai-`CcCM��)kª( .�¢´/ 2���� �j� E,\� e�3&� E^ ST � 2!Q/� *�,h� P-M ����� LN �� U �:� S+&D �H�� A�3M�� �� L�-M P#�-�� U J� I� �� 2���-#� e����Q. S��T� L�-M:� gA�aKb_g(a�

aS°�g� aE&°��� �����®�. ³ºg· �� L�-M U O��T�� �,�� P+.�#� �� 2���� �H a{ E&��� ..f� �� O� 2���� LN �� �.<�� ���-#�/ �K+��� E �,+#� �G $pT�� �_<� U E&��� *�K#�� s�� }-/ �� �{ »�F P(+�� P���#�� s��� �Gf�� $GH� D�QT. *������ r��� ��G 8*x-��

�: � D�" �� ±�� ]03�� �+.� ��{� !?��. �H{ I� z� � 2���� �.<�� ���-#�/ �K+��� E �,+#� z��,��/ *+"��� S(�� �T-�� r�µ1� )�k(. ��� W M� I���-�� U �,h ¡(�M 2���� LN �� �� 8�¹� � �K+,�� �� ��F� U *(�� 8z� ��� JG �G �� P(-��� w� �� *&� ,��. ±ON I���-�� E&H�� ��G; LN cO� 2���� LN �� $ ��  ( �� J� ��". gA�g�±(C� 8*�p��1�/

���K:���� ¼½�/:

Page 279: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

256

¾ ¿ ]�� L�-M:� bEg,�b�� b�g,b+a. À*c.g� O�g b�& LaN ab! b?� O�g�g.b�&� a��g�b-�b��a/ Ob�K bC+C&� aE a�,b+g�b���)��( .�K�(�D� � bEg,�b�� b�g,b+a. À*c.g�� �� O� � bEa.� *(��(/ Á(�� 8*(3(-M ��"#�^ ��,. 2����/ LN �� $"h SM�(��,.N.

 ¿ E.� *+"�� 2�Kp#� w��-/ ]�� �+�� ���� S(� �� ��j":¡°�(� �G�:�� 8$¤�l�� O´^ �G�:�� �" O� ¡±�`CgC& E. �G ��� S� S+.")��( .

à ¿ �.� I���-�� E&H�� ��G; LN O� 2���� LN �� $ �� �¤� � �� �;N w�� S/ º-�� �T� �(�,��� E 8E&�F½� ������� �� ��; S��T/ L�-M:� bEg,�b�� b�g,b+a. À*c.g� O�g b�& LaN ab! b?� O�g�g.b�&� a��g�b-�b��a/ Ob�K bC+C&� aE a�,b+g�b���)��(8 ����� *��� � bEa.� U S��� � b�g,b+a.� º(-��� A�+-.� O� E&�.½� $� O� O�,& I��� Á(�� J� X�+�� I��� .

J(�� O� 2���� LN �� e�.�� �G $ �� �¤� � �.� �� P(-��� �K^ �,h �z�� z�+(^ �(µ P��"#� LN w�(T�� [2����/ eff���� S��T/ L�-M: � bE.� gE" bh� efb�C� bEcad �D LaN

aSc��� Ja�� �ea4�j ]��� aic�aN Ea. Pa�a� b"g�b���)��(. ������� ���

�CCC"��#� JCCC�-�� ON )*CCC"��. ]0CCCF ECCC. JCCC�-�� �� (*(CCC"��#� *CCC(+GH��/ JCCC�-�� �� ( |��CCCCCC-��� JCCCCCC�-�� SCCCCCC(� WCCCCCC�p� �CCCCCC. �� X�CCCCCC+�� PCCCCCC/ O��CCCCCC-��� ECCCCCC !CCCCCC-��� ]�,CCCCCC�� ECCCCCC. J,CCCCCC�

)collaborative work( ��CC��� JCC�-�� ]�CCT� JCC(#�� 8)teamwork( e0,CC� S�CC���d� 8C� �¤�C� �_+C. W"+/ J�-�� I�D�� 8e�h��� e�Q� 8e����3.� *C(�(_+M �(C�� O�C���� ÄD�C.� ÁC�� �

2D�C�)organized work .( JCC/ 8w�C(�� §�C U e���C(�F� Á(CC� *C-(p�� AHC¹ �C"��#� JC�-��� w�C(�� O�C,. f }C(h 8JC3^<� ¯�TM J � E. *"^�+#�� 8D� ��� �� Å� 4�� I�T�� 2���� �G

�D� �� J�-��)���p�<� w�K #�/ .(µ�M �"��#� J�-�� ON *C�(_ *C(+&D �(C�� ÄD�C# *(�� *JCCx.: ���CC bTcC���� ° aoCCb�� �CC� ��g���CC-CM�Æ)��( 8� aSa�(aCC� aU O�g�aM�CCTgC& E&aHCCc�� ³$CCag· SCCc��� cOaN �Ç CCj�)��( 8��CCCe- bC( aµ a�� aJCCCb` a� ��g�CCC aQ�b���)�¨(� 8���CCC+�� LN ±HCCC� �CCCT^ ±HCCC� ECCC.� *CCC���� �CCC. �� �CCC&")�ª( .

�"��#� J�-�� 2���� �� ���M s�� �G��:��� |�-#� E. !x� �G!u�)�®(.

Page 280: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

257

���T�� @�-��� A $��%�# &��'�� ()� �� �U.�

8tCC&�,�� *CC���/ *CC&!?� 2�CCn+�� *CC(-�� *CC-/���� O�CCn��� ��CChN �CCG w0CC�1�/ �CC&�-��� *CC+� �CC� }CC�R �CC�-�� �HCCG� ���CC�� JCC�-�� ECC. e�CC.� PCCR0R �CCG�� oCC�-&!CCx� }CC�x��� e�CC&�TM O . O�CC��

*(� �� E. *��y �K¤�:�´/ ��.�� E&H��� 2!lj * �u 2�:+�� *&��/ U �G±�T.� b�a°¹�a/ �b�gC+.� À*( bC�a b�gKcC�aN�e�gG b�gG��bDa���)�k(8 G� �K.�C.� ���C � �C�+(h *C(� �� If� !Cu 2��C/ ����C/ 2��C�� *CQF �C���

�C���) P��"#� *C-��� w�C& �C�; O�C�� 8w0C�1� ÄD�C.� 8*C(/�-�� *Cl��� �K�(C�-M� 8�Y�(C"+ O�CC(/� 8*~�CC"�� SM��CCj ��CCK²N� 8*CC�(��� w0CC�1� ÄD�CC. ��CCK²N �K^�CCG O�CC�� r�CC�� JCC� ECC.

��F<� ����&���/ w0�1� *�0. » �CK(� E&DD�C#� D� �&�'M� 8�K ���� 82�, �� ��:��� �-/�� U *T� ��n����tC&�,�� *C���/ *(.0C�1� O��C:��� ��C��<� 2����C� �/�C��� ��C-�¸� �h. �C.�

*CC�{� �CC�� 8�CCK(� P�¤�CCT�� I�CC3<� �CC+ 2�CC, �� ��CC��� 8*CC+n��� ��CC:� �CC&�'M� 8tCC���� ���CC. e���-� �{ ���- �8 �G�&�pM �� ��HF� "P#�-��� *�� w0�1� " e� �K+.� .� �°/� aJ(a� LaN grbD�

gEC" bh� �C aG asc��a/ b�gb{aD� � a*+" b4� a*_ab��b��� a*� b,ab4�a/�)��( 8 w0C"��� 20CQ�� SC(� ]�C���� ]�C��SCCCC+ �� �CCCC�� $CCCC��% � ECCCC/ �CCCC�-�" : �CCCC� ECCCC. �CCCC� !CCCCF e��CCCCh�� e0CCCC � �CCCC/ �� ��CCCCK& O<

�-+C��")��( . U 2�CC¤���� *C+n��� O�CC,M O�C/ �CCG� *C&B� �CC{ ��C�- ��HCC� *CC&��� w0CC�1�/ �C&�-��� e��(� �{ t�- ��H�� 6����� ��7� ���"#� �� ��(����� D��� P��"#�)*���¿ *�,h¿

��¿ * ��¿ '(� .(*&�u �{ t�- ��H�: ¾¿ w0�1�/ �&�-��� 6����� ��7� ������� ��:��f�. ¿ ��(����� E&��K#� E. '(��. 2�D J( >&�É� $&��M. ÿ $&������ *&��D1�� *(��#� �_+�� U '(����. �¿ z�:�� J(G�M ����� ]�¸� U ��-�� s&�,��.

*(��-�� �%<� W � �"��#� J�-�� W � J�-M t~j�� *+n��� ��:� D��� J�-�� ����� ������CCCC��� *CCCC��/ ��CCCC��� JCCCC�-�� U O´CCCC^ [*CCCC(����� . U !CCCC,�� �CCCCG�T. ���CCCC�F� *CCCC+n���^ �CCCCh�

�G� t&�,�� � �"."Ê�j 0#� �n".")��( .����� A���/ w�(T�� Ë(K.� ±�-. �T#�� . ��(�F�� U �nCCC"#� ��D� *CCC(¬< �CCC�;� e�CCCT �. e���CCC(�F� O�CCC� �(CCC"(¤� ��CCCT. �nCCC"#� *CCC+n��� �CCC� P�¤�CCCT��

�� LN 2��CC�� .SCCT � 8*CC^�TR� 8�CC� ��; ]�CC � LN £�CC�V *(.0CC�1� 2��CC�� tCC��� �;N� WCC(�

Page 281: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

258

O� �&�& E. S(�N �n�& �H�� J¤�#� O�� �n"#� O´^ [z��T�� �(��M U SnK+.� 8w0�1� �(��-�� *C(�� ��I�CT� w0C�1� ��D E. O�,. J� U � �"#� U ��-�� ��T�h t���� 8E&��� U ST �&

I�CCC:& �CCC�� SCCC+. JCCCK+& O� �CCC�-�� U $CCCu�� JCCC,� �CCC ±"(M *CCCh�� . . O�CCC���& E&HCCC�� If�CCCG O�CCC�� U A��CCC&D JCCCF�D U w0CCC�1� 2�CCCD �CCCG ��CCCT�4� AHCCCG Ì�(CCC� ECCC �CCC�-�� O�CCC±T��&� � �CCC"#� ��CCCT�h

�CCCCK ��F� . �(CCCCQ��� ��CCCCK+��� JCCCC(��� U �CCCC¹�h� U �CCCC(��� �CCCC"M *(-CCCC� *CCCC-.� �nCCCC"#� oCCCC�-&�I��CCC:��� . f� e�D�CCC(� �CCC3M f� e�CCC+(.�M f� e�.�CCC�� ��CCC:M f 8e�(CCCj w� O�CCC� e��(CCC� e�CCC��% D�CCCM f�

��JCC(� . 8z�D½� ECCC���� 8w��CC,.� 8��D�CC-�� º¤��CC � 8�CC¤�T-�� �CCC��� �CC±�-M AHCCK� *CC-.� *CC±&� �CCCK V� 8*+(,CCC"�� �CCCK(� ]'CCC+M� 8*CCC���� �G�CCC:lM ��CCCT�h �CCC�-�� �CCCK(^ �CCCT-M� 8�0.�CCC-#� WCCC¤��%� JCj� �C. JC� tC�Í JC/ 8ºC7� i&�C�� �C�-�� �� 2��QT. � �"#� ��T�h E,M §� « *,¤0#�

-�� SCCC(�N*(��CCC"�N� *CCC(/D� ���CCC-. ECCC. �.0CCC�1� JCCCT)��( . r��CCC^ w0CCC�1�/ �CCC&�-��� *CCC+n�� ��HCCC�� *C �4� $C"/ �C&�'M U �CG� tC&�,�� *C��D W%�C+. �C��Î U e�C�^ e��C: *C"Ï LN JQM ��F�

P��". !l�� 2���. ,��T�� @�-���– $��%�# &��'�� ()� $��KL! <�@��V ��5)��( �!?� ��4�� : �@��V ���"�� B�WX��

WCCCC(TV JCCCC � ECCCC. ����D1� ���CCCC/ �K�.�CCCCF U w�CCCCTM sCCCC�� 2��D1� �CCCCG *CCCC&���� O��CCCC:�� D�CCC�� E&�CCC�K#�/ w�CCC��Gf�� 8P��CCC"#� !CCCl� w0CCC�1�/ �&�-���CCC/ w�CCCTM �CCCG� 8�CCCY���ÐN� �K^��CCCG�

U *(C������ ]�CQ �� �C� ��C:M� 8D0C�� U 2D�C �#� *(.0C�1� ��C(���� P/ W("+���� *C+n���w�"�� *-/�� E. 2��D1� AHG O�,�M�:

k. D���1�� 2���� �"�. �. D��� E&��K#� �"�. �. *(������ ]�Q �� �"�. �. *��"#� ��(���� �"�.

�!?� 7�:��A ��Y@%�! ���"�� 7�K *(¤�#�� *&�Q��� *(-�"�� J¤����� e�.���". S(�N �Y�D� w0�1�/ P��"#� !u �&�-�/ w�T&.

Page 282: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

259

7�:�� Z�"5L ¾¿ w0CC�1�/ �K &�CC-M� P��CC"#� !CCu 2�CCD .¿ �CCK���� �CC(�¦ *CC&���� J¤�CC����� D��CC#� ! �CCM .ÿ �K�&��� 2���� *.�F.

E6!L :$��%�# 74C��8! �������� ��� ����

k ¿ *CCCCCC ���#� ��CCCCCCl���/ ���CCCCCC:+�� �CCCCCC&��M.¿ !CCCCCCu ��CCCCCC-�¶ E��CCCCCC.< *CCCCCC(���(#� ����CCCCCC&'��P��C"#�.ÿ w0C�1�/ *CC( &�-��� ��TCQ�#� �CC��� �C&��M.�¿ *%�C�<�� $CC�,�� �C&��M) tCC����&�( �.(�¿ w0�1�/ �&�-��� U w���G� S&�� E. *-/��..� ¿ ���:+�� ����� *-/��.� ���

��-�n��� E��.� U. E����[ :�4����L \��)# ���"�� ]�����! ������ ��I�8! ��.;

k ¿ � *�% $��� ��(�P��"#� !l� *&�D.¿ . *�% *pC:�Ñ� ���:� �� ��&�p*C&����.ÿ *CC&�D *%�C�� ���CCjN)*CC(¤�.� 8*C(-Ò.(�¿ *CC(��&' ���� >.�oC�� U *���CC:#�� D��C1�

�0¸�� *(^�~Q��� *(�;1��. E�T��[ :74'���@! ���"�� �"

k ¿ �CCCC{ J¤�CCCC���� �CCCC(µ ! �CCCCM. ¿ 2��CCCC�� PCCCC/ ��oCCCC?� J(CCCCj�M £��CCCC?�� JF��CCCC�� U�K+CC(/ �CCK�T�� J¤�CC��� $(��CC�� ECC. �K&�CC� �CCd 2D� �CC�f��.ÿ *CC�(Y� tCC&�,�� U 2��CC�� *CC&��

*CC&���� JCC�-�� �CC{ *CC��+#� ���CC_�� �CC(µ.�¿ w�CC�-�� �CC(�¦ A�CC&�'M� *CC(���� ���CC") I�CCTM�f� ��¤�� O�,& ����K#� J��,. *(�D �Q& sh *&��D1�� *(+ ��� *(�:��AD0/ LN SMD� �+.

���T�� 7�:��A �")�� ��"'4��� 7�K

SCC (TxM �CC� ���CC�1�� S.0CC�N w�CC& ECC. ��CC�K#� *CC-/��.� w0CC�1� ��KCC�N *CC(��-/ w�CCT& i&�CCC�� �/��CCC�� �CCCK(�N �CCC��+& sCCC�� *CCC(���� �CCC. SCCCp/�� �CCCK(�N £�CCC�· sCCC�� *CCC(��� f� *CCC&���� ! �CCCM�

JG� E. �G� e�j�QF �K-. ���� f��S�l� O���,�& A��/. 7�:�� Z�"5L

k ¿ ��/ ECCC. D�CCC�� E&�CCC�K#� *CCC-/��.�K.0CCC�N *CCC&.¿ ��� ! �CCCM E&�CCC�K��� *CCC(��� f� *CCC&�D�CCCCC��.ÿ E&�CCCCC�K#�/ *CCCCCj�?� ��CCCCC������� JCCCCC(��~���� ��I�CCCCCQh1�� ��CCCCC.��-#� ÓCCCCC h� �CCCCCµ

Page 283: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

260

D�CCC��.�¿ *CCC(.01�� *CCC(K( ���� *CCC(��� f� *pCCC:�Ñ� �(CCC_+���.�¿ �CCC�K#� q�CCC4N �����CCC��/ E&i&��� A���") I�TM�0� *(.0�1� *&�/���� *(�:��.

E6!L :74���V ��"# �� �")�� ��"'4��� #�'�

k ¿ *CQ��#� ��CK�� EC.� *C+n��� U w0C�1� ��KC�N *C(�� �(C_+M.¿ 2D�KCC:�� £����C�����K��� *(Ò���.ÿ *&�D D��. E. S(�N £��· �) ���K#� �&�'M.�¿ J��p/ �C�. *Cj�F *C�

�&��� ���K#� *-/��).�¿ �G� C� ]�h *( ��?� *-/��#� '���# E&��K#� I�Ò� ]���N.�¿ JC�E&�CC�K#� w�CCTM ��CC. Ô�CCF ��+CC� �CCQ� �CC&�TM.Õ¿ ��CCFN� ���CC:+��� J¤�CC����/ ��CC�K#� �CC.

*����#� W&�% E *+n���. E����[ :"�")�� ^"'4��� ����'�6� ������ ��I�8

¾ ¿ 2��'��� ����"#� *+� LN �K- �� * ��7� �f�4� *���D.¿ ���K#� 2��". U*&��<� J��:#� �� $�l���.ÿ S� $��+. J� E }~�� U ���K#� 2��"..�¿

���D J,:/ �K�-/��.� 6½� $��4� U ���K��� *.�T#� ��.�?� ]�FDN. E�222T��[ : ! <�J�222_F%�! <�222������ `222CF! \222�� ��"222'4���# 222H�0�� <�222��@"��! 222���-'��

�")��

¾¿ z�CC��4� U �C&��� ��CC�K#�/ *Cj�?� ��CC.��-#� �CC(µ ]�CFDN ECC. �C�����.¿ �CC����� ��. D� � E.*C+n��� U S.0C�N �KC:& �C�K. J,�.ÿ EC. E&�C�K#� *C�¤�� �C� ]�CQ4�

*(-:��� *(Ò��� ��K�� J�.�¿ �&�T��� £��FN E w�-�� ��K:��D��� E&��K#�.�¿ JC�-��E&�CCC�K#�/ *CCCj�?�� *&�+CCC"�� �CCC/� JCCC(��~���� ��(¤�CCCQh1� £����CCC�� �CCC�.�¿ JCCC�-/ w�CCC(T��

��(j����� J��:#�� D��1� �É E&��K#� E �����D. E�#�@ : ����V! �4�I�8! ����'�� GX�L 7�a(8

¾¿ (_+MD�C�� E&�C�K��� *(K( �M �0h� �.¿ ^�TR ��T/�C". JC�*C(.ÿ *pC:�� �(C_+M*(CCCCC��&�.�¿ *pCCCCC:�<� LN SCCCCCM�D� e�&�CCCCC&�/� e�CCCCC( M�G ��CCCCC�K#�/ ]�CCCCCQMf�.�¿ *CCCCCQ� E&��CCCCCM��C�K#�.�¿ �CK�/��,^ 2�R�C. *CQT�� tC��� �;N w0C1� �C"� �C. W(C"+���/ �C:+��.Õ¿ JC-

�Q+��� *(���� ������ U S.0�N *Q� E ��,�& ���K#�.

Page 284: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

261

,��T�� 7�:��A <����)�� 7�K I�+/�/ w���Gf�� 8*(.0�1� !u� *(.0�1� ��(���� ���Î E. 2���� �(²��/ w�T& $pF� *+n�� *-/���� � �"#� �� ����1�� 8w�?�� *���-�� �(�-M �� ����1�� ��(����

*-���. 7�:�� Z�"5L

k ¿ xM� *-/��# *(.0�1� !u� *(.0�1� ��(���� ����# 2���� �(²�M� �&�pM i/ �(TK+%�*&��D1�� *(�:�� �h��+�� E. �. ¿ ��(����/ w���Gf�.ÿ �(�-M r��:. �� ����1�

w�?�� *���-��. E6!L : #�'�� ����%� ���! ����%� <����)�� &�'0�� ���"�� &�b�8! ���G8

�@��%�! ���X�� �F��(�� �� 74(;! �(# &�:T8!. ¾ ¿ ��(���� �. W("+M�¹ *p:�<� 2��DN� 2D� �#�.¿ *-��� $pF �(_+M �������

* ��Î ��l�/ *(���.ÿ ����p��� ��(��,.1� E. 2D� ��0� º-/ �. �K3-/ ��(���� �/��K(+/ ��(^.� ¿ *(�� J,� *p?� D��N U 2��"#�.� ¿ *(��&� ���� �K.� ��T/�". *.��N

�0h�� *(K( �M�.�¿ � ��(�� I�:�N2�&.Õ ¿ M*&��DN� *(+ � *(�� ����D �(_+.Ö¿ �&��M�&�(^ m��� J� *%���� ��(��.

E����[ :<����)��# $��'56�

k ¿ (Tx��� *p:�<� *.��N��(���� I�+/< *(K( ���� *( .¿ j�F *("&��M ����D *.��N *��+��� Df�<�/.ÿ ��(���� I�+/� ����� U ��T/�". �(_+M.

E�T��[ :$"0��! ����� c!�X� d�� Z��Y%�

k ¿ �.<�� *(������ ]�Q �� '(K¶� D��N*(�(�-��� J¤������ *��+#� E�.¿ '(K¶� D��N-��� �p?�P������ ����� ��&��") *(�(�.ÿ �:+��� *&��D �(�-M ]�Q � ����D �(_+M

�K+. \#���� 7�:��A ���@"�� ��_C�� 7�K

��K#� �(Tx�/ w�T&*l��� Á&���/ w�T&� 8*(�:�� w��-�� U e�(.0�N �&��� � *(/�-��

Page 285: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

262

!l� ��("+�� ����# �¹ PT%�+��. 7�:�� Z�"5L

k ¿ e�(.0�N �K(�N £��· s�� ��.��-#�/ A�.� ���K#� �(TxM .¿ !l� *(/�-�� *l��� �(�-M�¹ PT%�+��.

E6!L : �'�� <�������# e"�! ^"'4��� &�:T8 E�����V �4��'-� ¾ ¿P������ J(n"M� ]�T��N. ¿*(������ ]����� D��N .ÿ �(�-M U ����D �(_+M

w0�1� ÄD�..�¿�,�� O��T�� Ó( V U ����D �(_+M.�¿ 9���f� �� ���K#� �(n:M��D�K:��� '¤���� S¤�p´/ ������� U.�¿ *"+��/ z�(l��� ��34� �� ����1�

P������.Õ¿ P���#� �� ����1� .Ö¿P������ *(¤�.� *(-Ò *%���� $�� ! �M .× ¿ �¤�� ;���� ������ J� .¾Ø¿*(������ >G�+#� �&�pM �� e��¤�D J�-��.

E����[ :�4# ��:;�(�� ��3� �#��� 3��� 7��8 ¾ ¿ *�� J�2��D J� *&��/ U *�_+. *(.0N .¿P������ J(n"M� ]�T���.à ¿

��("+�� �(�� ���Î ��&��") ������� �(_+M.�¿ P������ �� *-/��#�� ����1�P���#��.� ¿*(�(�-��� *(��-�� �� ��"M s�� J¤������ $�,�� ! �M. �¿ �� e��¤�D �(_+M

*(������ >G�+#� �&�pM .տS/ J�-��� ��l��� o��#� �&�pM. ���T�� ��4�� :]��(�� B!�X�� �@��V �

�,M E. e0j� *-/�+��� 8�¹ *T¤0�� *(��"�1� *��,. 2��#� �p�^ w0�1� I� I�-µ *&�:�� w0�1�)��( L�-M ]�� :� b�gG�+b���� a� b~b��� °�Cb�� aU b�gG�+b�`�� wD� ai/ �+b.c�� b�T��

�!ax� �� b�gG�+b�c3`� a��°(cp�� E a. e0( a3b CM �+ bT�F bEcad�)�¨(. �K��Th *^�� 2����� w0�1� �±�� ��� *��:#�)���("��� 8�D�Q��f�� 8���� f�� 8��:�� .( J ��� P/ w0�1� ���� �T^

*(�:�� �(��,��� U 2��#��)q0F<�� ��D�-�� (L�-M ]��:� g�( a�g� f °|� b�gK³C/� b�g{ z�n� b��^ �xbC�g� b�� ���; bEa. b�g,b+a. �Ja.� J�....�)�ª( . q� M § s��� 8*(���T�� ��I��+�� ��; LN ���

Jx. 82��#�� J ��� P/� & ³C&� � K� c�� aH b& E .� gC+ b��� 8� & ³C&� � K c+�� � gX�� 8� & / � b ai D� w� E. �G!u� 8*(���T�� ��I��+�� .

Page 286: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

263

��� ��� ]�T& : ON �F �G �. �K+.� ���H��/ �F �G �. �K+. *(.0�1� *-&�:�� w�,h���1�� ���H�� P/ 9�:. �G �. �K+.� I�"+��/ . �(�� 0��. ���� S(� �� ��j O�� �#�

EK+&D ��.� I�"+�� S(� �T��& O�/ �3�T& �HG O��� �x��� ��; P/ q�^ f *^�� X�+�� . O���~�"M �. ��.<� AHG E. E,��& Úh �K�x. �x�� E. �� �K �� E. fN S+ ]��"�� E. 2��#� �

EK(� �(+4� E&��� �(��-M �T�M E. ��+.�#� ����"#� I�"+��)�®( S(� �� ��j ]�� ��� 8 *:¤� 2�("�� U ����":I�!�4� AHG E. �,+&D �Q� ��HF")�k(.

l� w0�1�/ �&�-���/ w�TM *(¤�"+�� O��:�� 2��DN� ��&��K#�/ w���Gf�� 8����"#� !*&�D J¤���� ����% E. E,�\ �) S(�N EY�D� *(�:�� w��-��/ �G�.� �K�&��� ���.

7�:�� Z�"5L ¾ ¿w0�1�/ EK &�-M� ����"#� !u 2�D .¿ J¤������ D��#� ! �M� £���N*&���� ÿ

EK�&��� ��(���� *.�F. E6!L : ��� ����$��%�# �4C��8! <�������

¾ ¿* ���#� ��l���/ ���:+�� �&��M.¿����"#� !u ��-�¶ E��.< *(���(#� ����&'��. à ¿ *%��<�� $�,�� �&��M)8t����&�(^.( �¿ �� �&��Mw0�1�/ *( &�-��� ��TQ�#� �� .� ¿w0�1�/ �&�-��� U w���G� EK&�� E. *-/��.. �¿ ����� *-/��.� ��� U ���:+��

��-�n��� E��.�. E����[ :�4����L \��)# ���"�� ]�����! ������ ��I�8! f�'�V

¾¿ � *�%P��"#� !l� *&�D $��� ��(�.¿ *&���� *p:�Ñ� ��&�p. *�%. à ¿ *&�D *%��� ���jN)*(-Ò¿ *(¤�..(� ¿ *(�;1�� *(��&' (���� >.�o�� U *���:#�� D��1�

�0¸�� *^�~Q���. E�T��[ :74'���@! <����"�� �"

¾ ¿ � $(���� E. EK&�� �d 2D� ��f�� £��?�� JF���� U ��(���� P/ ��o?� J(j�M EK+(/ �K�T�� J¤��� .¿ J�-�� E{ *��+#� ���_�� �(µ *�(Y� t&�,�� U ��(���� *&��

����� .ÿ M� ��(���� ���") I�TM�f� Úh *&��D1�� *(+ ��� *(�:�� w��-�� �(�¦ EG�&�'EGD0/ LN EYD� �+ �0��,. ��(�D E~Q&.

Page 287: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

264

�")�� <��"'4��� 7�K ��(��-/ w�T&)w0�1� ��K�N ( �� ����1�� 8�K.0�N w�& E. *&��K#� *-/��.�

�K(�N £��V s�� *(��� f� *&���� ! �M� 8 �K (TxM. 7�:�� Z�"5L

¾ ¿ EK.0�N w�& E. ��&��K#� *-/��. .¿ ��&��K��� *(��� f� *&���� ! �M .ÿ ��&��K#�/ *j�?� ��������� J(��~���� ��(¤�Qh1�� ��.��-#� Ó h� �µ.�¿ �(_+M

*(.0N� *(K( �M� *(��� � *p:��.�¿ *(.0�1�� *&�/���� *(�:�� �������/ *&��K#� q�4N I�TM�0�i&��� �G���").

E6!L :�4���V $�� �� <��"'4��� #�'� ¾ ¿ *Q��#� ��K�� �.� *+n��� U w0�1� ��K�N *(�� �(_+M . ¿ 2D�K:�� £������

*&��K��� *(Ò��� .ÿ *&�D D��. E. S ��V �) *&��K#� �&�'M .� ¿ *j�F *��p/� ��. J�2�&��� *&��K#� *-/��) .Û ¿ Ò� ]���NEG� � *��h *( ��?� *-/��#� '���# ��&��K#� I�. � ¿

*&��K#� w�TM ��. E Ô�F ��+� �Q� �&�TM J� .Õ ¿ ���:+��� J¤�����/ *&��K#� �.*����#� W&�% E *+n��� ��FN�.

\#���� @�-���A $��%�# &��'�� ()� �I ���"�� \�@�X��� �!?� c!�X��� :�%�# &��'�� c!�X��������� ��3� $�.

L. ���"4�� .�:F

��l��� �(�¦ ���:�� *%���� $�� �� ���V *(Th �G� ) 86�K+� 8�D�� 8��+G�"��^ 8��+�&�M 8�"(����N 8�'(�ÐN 8£���¶ 8�l�M 8i(j 8��(.�M.( 2�h���� *(T4� �-�

)Ûs&�� ��+&D (J.�,�. �!F r��:. �K^. �G �{ w�TM s�� ��� �� 8I�~�"�� SM��j� w0�1� * �-# 8P��"#� !u O��^����

*��"#� ��(���� e�3&�� 8�G�.�/ w���Gf�� �K�&�� U *¬�"��� *&��{�/ �K(� �� ±E. E&H����K&�� *T��-�� ��(�"�� �� I�3T��� i&��� ���� 2D�&'� *(/�-��/ *T%�+�� !u.

Page 288: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

265

g. ���"�� ��Ch

E. *+n��� ��Y���l��� J,/ ��(���� �(µ E. 2���� J(G�M LN r��:#� �HG I��� w0�1�/ P��"#� !u �&�-�� O��^���� �¹ Ù�~�& s�� . r��:#� *�(�)ÂÛØ s&�� ��+&D (

E,"��� 8JT+��� 8$M���� J�:M �h�� *(�D *�� �.

f. ����%� <�.'����

�1� $�,�� ! �M �G r��:#� �HG E. m�l��� �(�¦ ���:+��� *%��<�� *(.0t&�,�� £��F� JF�D D��� E&��K#�� *��"#� ��(��n�� ��l���.

2���� *�� �� *&��{� *(Th LN � �& �K-&�� ��x�"M ]��.� S� ���M r��:#� �HG�*(.0�1� ���,#��. ���T�� c!�X��� :��"'4��� ���@ c!�X�

*��y r��:#� �HG tV £��+&��.<� E.:

L. $��%� 7��8

}(h 8*(������ ]�Q �� U S��3�h�� ���K#� *&�� ±��M E&��K#� w0�N ��K�N �-/ *(/�-�� *l�� S����D� 8*(�:�� w��-�� E. *(+&D ������� ���(�-M� ��K( �M LN £��· S�N

$"h D�V 2D�-�. ����D ]0F E. ��:+�� �HG ��&� 8 �,�� O��T�� Ó h� *pF� >.���/ r��:#� U *¬�"#� *�(� 8*&���� O��:�� J� E. *(���D)ÃØØ s&�� ��+&D ( ���M }(h

E&��K#� *&�� r��:. �� ��Q& �&���� 8���x��f� U JF�M� ]��.<� AHG. g . �4�I�'�� i���.��! GX�?�

T/�".� ����� *.��N� *(K( �M �0h� �(_+M �{0F *+n��� J�-M� E&��K#� P/ �� r��:#� U *¬�"#� *�(� 8�K�� � U 2�F<� ��� r�'� ��(���� Ú� E. D���)ÛØD.9 (

*(K( ��� >.�o��� *p:�<� �� ��Q& �&���� 8���x��f� U JF�M� ]��.<� AHG ���M }(hD��� E&��K���.

,��T�� c!�X��� :����%� $��%� c!�X�

���/N S+. ��{�E. *~�"�� S¤D�.� �.0�1� E&��� �(G� . �(��M� �!?� J�-��

Page 289: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

266

t���<�/ *+n��� ���. ]0F. k ¿ *(+&��� *(��&' ���� >.�o�� :I���-��� ��,�� 2���� �. �0/�T#�� ��I�T���. � ¿ �K ���´/ *+n��� w�TM s�� *(�;1� >.�o��. � ¿ *�y"��:�� "#� *&�� U *¬�"#� �K+. ��{�� J�-�� *-(% �:�� D��� E&��K

w0�1�/ �&�-��� *+� S/ w�TM �H��. � ¿ ���'�� ��� ]�T��� �+ w01� J¤��� *^�,� *( ~Q�� �����#� �T. � ¿ t&�,�� U w0�1�/ �&�-��� *+� ���/ *(.0�N *(¤�3^ 2�+� I�:�N. � ¿ r��:#� U *¬�"#� *�(�)�ØØ D.9 ( U JF�M� ]��.<� AHG ���M }(h

�.0�1� w01� r��:# 8���x��f�. \#���� c!�X��� :�����! i-�� c!�X�

��K& ©(��� e�&�+� D��� E&��K��� 2��-��� >4� �0h� J�-� r��:#� �HG *��T#� E��.<� 2��&� ]0F E. E&��K#� X� � U >4� ���+.� *(.0�1� 2�(T-��Jx. : J

]����� �n". 2��&� 8�(T�� 8��R ��u 8I��h ��u 8*���� J 8��+�� ��� � S(� �� ��j . 8w0�1� J² U ]�-��� 82���"#�/ X�"h1�� 8£�n4� P&0. ��� �(_-�� |�\1� ��-:��^

*j�F P��"#� Á � U ��� �R� �{ w��4� �n"#�/ 20Q��� 8���p��� 8�-"��� ���K#��&���.

*+n��� 2�D *p���/ �K�&�K+� *�h��� *&��/ >4� *3&�^ E *(+&D ������� >.��/*(�� J,� . �h���� £�~�� *¬�"#� *�(�)�ØØ D.9 .(

j��0�� c!�X��� :^"'4��� ���� c!�X�

L�-M ]��:Ü c>h bE�` aSc��� a�a¤�-� bEa. 2�b��b��� � cQ�� cOaN ��+g 0` ���b� a�� tb(Cb�� À�(a� À�a��� Sc��� cOa^ �e� bC(F rc�pM bE.� ��aa¹ �c�cp& bO� aSb(�Æ)��(. D� � ]���N U *+n��� ��D

��� *(��\1� *��� 2D�&� ��¹ 2��-�� ���+.� >4� *3&�^ I�D< w��4� �� t(/ LN E&��K#� �&�+� E&��-#� D�� 8*��T#� E��.<� 2��&� ����� >.��o�� ]0F E. E&��K#�)¾�Ø

���K. (>4� *3&�^ I�D< �K~(��M ��& �G�-/ 82��-�� O�D�&. r��:. U *¬�"#� *( ���

Page 290: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

267

�K��(� 2��-��)Â�ØD.9( I�D< �K-&�� ��x�"M� 8���M 2��-��� 8>4� U P¬�"#� ]��.�� 8D��� E&��K��� 2��-��� >4�.

k����� c!�X��� :@�:�� ��"'4��� ���@ c!�X�

r��:#� E. ��{� ¾ ¿ w0�Ý� P��"#� !u 2��� 2��� E&��K#� J(G�M. � ¿ e�(" �� e�(��� � D��� E&��K#� *&��. � ¿ ��l��� J,/ *%��<�� ���:+��� $�,�� *�%� *&���� J¤����� �(µ ! �M. � ¿ * &�:�� *&�+�� 2!"��� �,�� O��T�� *���D� Ó( V ]0F E. |�\1� �-�� *(�+M. � ¿ *��"#� ��(����� D��� E&��K��� 2��-��� >4� J^��� *&��. � ¿ �� LN 2����� D��� E&��K#�/ w���G0� s&�,�� z�:�� �(n:M� J(G�M� $&��M. � ¿ 2�&�'�#� E&��K#� D��� z�-(��f ���T. A�¶�.

P/ ����& �K"�� *�(� )¾ÕØØØ ��+&D ( LN)ÂØØØØ ��+&D( ¡�. E&�,�� ��;� 8)×ÖØ ��+&D ��� (� S-&�� ���1� ]0F E. ��x�"& ��T I�+�r��:#� ���G� W(T~�.

\#���� c!�X��� :��l� @��T'�6� c!�X�

O�(�. E. z�T& �. e�&�+� r��M �¢�� 8*+n��� �����jN �(µ *�p� *(�� *-p. I�:�N E. �x��� * ���#� ��l��� J,/ 2�:�)Õ�Ø ��� ( J,/ �&�� O�(�. E. �x��� 8$(��

e�&�+� �K-&��M ��& *�p�� �� j��.. * �,M *�p��)ÃØØ ��+&D ��� .(

�5����� �C�h: * �,��� *�(� E. ¡�. �^D ��  #�� �f½� I��:/ ro���. j��0�� @�-���A $��%�# &��'�� ()�� ������ �@�����

s�� ��&���3�� E�^ 8]�#� *(¬� E }&�4� E. �/f *(��#� D���#� E }&�4� J���� Ê�Q. �(T�"M f ]�� ��� 8�K4�Q. w�(� S/� 82�(4� $Q �K^ 8]�#� �¹ fN �(�

L�-M:� b�g,��� b.� I�K c"�� ��gMb�gCM f�..�)��(.

Page 291: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

268

J� ]�#� E. D�TQ#� O� �+�� �;N e�j�QF 8*.<� �� 8*����� D� �� Wh U ]�#� LN * �4��Á(�� 8A!u �� �T� �� r��. E. O�"�1� S�±���& �. LN �D��& �� ��� E&�T+��/ e�j�F �G

º-�� O�G;�)��( . O� fN �Y'� �K���� *&�TM� *.<� w�_� Ó 4 �I� *-&�:/ E_& �. ��H�w���Gf�� ���f� E. �.�"�� O�,#� �G�_� U *.<� 2��x� O�,& . E. *-&�:�� *�D� �+&�T��� �;N�

.<� ]�) *&�+-�� �� *+"��� �,�� O��T�� �K¤��� I�3�� �{��� w��� S/ O� LN 2!:#�� 8�Y��R� *S/ O�K�"& f e�_h *-&�:�� �_� U ]���� O�/ e�+(T& �Y�x� ���( M 2!x� *�D� ��; E. �Ð)��(.

����� &��8 3� �����: w� e�+( O�� I��� I�� J� E. 8J- ��/ A��h� O�"�1� S,�� �. J� �� W�p&

§ �. �.� 8*- +. U !p��� *l��� U f�. �-& f J- ��/ SM��(h U JF�& §� 8O�"�1� S,�\ I�#� U ��"��� I��{�.

� EF�GHV �����: S��/ I���-�� ��Kµ S ±� : ��� �� � 8X�+�� P/ *&D�. *�(� S� O�� �.��(�Ff�� *-"�� ]�h U S/ r� ��f� . o�-M *3 ��� $GH��� ����T-��� ����<�� I�(�<� O�(��

ef��.�)��( . �j�+ }(h E. �� LN 2���� * �h O�(/� *+n�� *(��#� D���#� E. ��H� ���� 2���� �G���/ w�TM Úh 8]�#� �Q+ LN £��V $(���<�� J¤������ ��#�� *(����/ *�x��.

S � J�� ��. ������ @��_���

E. *Tx�� �� t�Qh s&�,�� ���¸� JF�D *+n��� �¹ w�TM s�� *&���� *p:�<� ]0F E.�F� t&�,�� JF�D E. 2�D� I��� E. *Tx�� �� ��H� ���¸� I�+/��K �.

������ �� �� <��hR8 ¾ ¿ ���H#� ���F ������� : W(pM ]��,��� �� J�-�� �(�-�� *&��:��f� *+n��� Á(¤�

*+n���/ ����Q��� 2��'�� �� ��:#�� *(.0�1� *-&�:�� w�,h�.  ¿ ��:+�� J(n ������� : O��:��� ����<� 2����/ *(KT �� *���#�/ �3

*(.0�1� .

R8������ f@� �� <��h � ��,�U ۔ ¾ �� �.0�1� *(����)*(.0�1� ÈD *"��. Á(¤�. (

Page 292: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

269

 ۔ D�-� ��#� *-.�¦ Á&����� *�(G �3 � &�-�� ��� �������. à ۔�~(�� �(G��/N E/ �· ������� :�� *(#�-�� *�({� w� P.�2��+#� *+&�#�/ w0�1�/ �&�-�. �)��O ۔ �� �������AD�-�� �K^ E/ : w�(�� w0�1� ���# w�-�� ��:#�.

*+n��� LN Po�#� ��Kµ �� �R� �{ ��(�'���� *Tx�� AHG�.

mA <���.'��

s�� �0�4� ]0F E. �K�p:��� *&���� �K-&��:. ��o��� ��¦ *+n��� w�TM w01� J¤��� U� � �"#� U ��o��� �� X�+�� ��Kµ �¹ }V �µ U q�% �K&���

o��� �� ��� z�"h ��K:�� r�pT��f� W&�% E �� ��T� ro��� O�,& O� �±.Nؾ¾×Ö¾ØØØÕ |��,�1� ���#� W&�% E roM �� t&�,�� *��D O�(/�/ �+/:

WWW.SACLQAH.COM.KW nA &K��� )op(

w0�1�/ �&�-��� *+� t-� *+n��� *p:�� J&���� �(���� e���Q. ����� O�,& O�/ �� �K-&��M� *&���� �K-&��:. �(²��/ �&�-��� *+� t.�� ��H� 8t/�R ��Q. S�N }(h

*+n��� U 2���� w�É s�� ��( ���� �G�� 8�&��:#� Á � �� �K-&� J&���� ��( ��: ¾ ¿ w0�1�/ �&�-��� ���.

 ¿ �� O��T�� *�% ���*(�:�� w��-��� �,.

à ¿ E&��K#� *&�� ���.

� ¿ 2���� *�� � ���.

� ¿ D��� E&��K��� >4� ���.

� ¿ D��� E&��K��� 2��-�� ���.

Õ ¿ *(.0�1� ���,#� ���.

Ö ¿ w0�1�/ �&�-��� '���. ���.

�&��:#� J&���� �K-&� O�,&� �G���x��� ��& � ��( ���� *T/�"�� ��Q�� ��o��� �µ ��&*&!?� : � ���� �K"�� *�(��Â�Ø ��+&D.

Page 293: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

270

�8�0�� 82��Q�� AHG LN Jj� Úh }~�� �HG w��N �� �+��� �H�� P#�-�� z� � ��4�

e��F�� ef�� S� *+#�� J3 ��^:� gSc��� �gG� aSb(�aN� g�b,gb4� gS�� a2� aF b½�� L�g b<� aU g� b� b4� gS� �gG cfaN S�aN f O�g- b�gCM�)�¨(. �,�� SK �� �Q��F O�,& O� �&�T�� ��-�� �� ]�"�� . *���#� *�h��� AHG �-/�

– L�-M �� I�� ON– }� �. "�"��#� J�-�� ]0F E. P��"#� !u 2�D " �&�-��� *+��G� 8*"�?� A���� �� �+ % S�0F E. s��� 8w0�1�/:

¾ ¿ O��+-�� ��D� . �&�-M.  ¿ w0�1�/ �&�-��� *+� E 2H�. à ¿ w0�1�/ �&�-��� *+� ����DN� w�"��. � ¿ �&�-��� *+� U *&���� �&��:#� w0�1�/. � ¿ w0�1�/ �&�-��� *+� U *(��#� D���#�.

O´^ 8�����#� �+�K^ S(�N Jj�M� 8t���� S/ �Ò� 8���K S-�� �. � 8�+(� S/ �� cE. �. �HG� A�h� � ]��,��^ 8�+" �� E�^ �pF �� �T� S(^ E,& ON� 8�&�T�� ��-�� �� E�^ e�/��j E,&

�T+��� 8L�-M� S��~���:�� Á+�� �� j E. �_+�� ��K � �0�F�� ��QT��� . �!F�� �� S�N 8P��"#� E. �+M��F�� �+���FN � +&� 8}~�� �H¹ i- +& O� �&�T�� ��-�� �� ]�"�

�&�� ��; . AD� ��f�� *(.0�1� D0�� U P��"#� !u 2�D U O���-& E. �K+(/ E. �� 8A�&� �� S/�n��� AHG E. �� *h�("�� P��"#� !u �G�QT& s�� *(.0�1� ]���� ��� ��H�

�K ��² $"h P��"#� !u 2��� *"��#� AHG Jx. � �M O� ����+#� �� J�-�� �� 82��n���*&�:��� *&D�#� �Y�(��,.N�.

Page 294: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

271

q���4��

k ¿ t�Q^ 2���8�k: ÃÃ. � ¿ � 8 O�+� 8 ��!/ 8 È�-�� Ù���� I�(hN ��D 8 z�-�� O�"� 8 ��_+. E/� à 8)�/Ã�¾ . ( � ¿ Á��& 2���8¾Ø :Â� . � ¿ Ô 8È�-�� Ù���� I�(hN ��D 8*l��� Á(&�T. �n-. 8X��^ E/ ��� :ÃÃÕ 8��!/ 8� 8O�+�¾ 8ÂØؾw. � ¿ 2�D LN ����� */� ´/ �.<� z�/ 8��". �(~j 8S(� W �. }&�4��/¾�à �(~j ��� ����� �� � 8

�nh E/f 8�������/Â�Õ��!/ 8* �-#� ��D 8. � ¿ Ô 8!+#� ��Q#� 8�.�( ��:Õ� �G�-/ �.�. � ¿ *+"h *+� E� E. z�/ 8��-�� z��� 8S~(~j U ��". A��� *�(� ��) ...�/ÂØ�Ø (��� }&�h: �Öþ. ¨ ¿ � 8 O�(�� ��D 8 2����� ST �� P/ *�0-�� 8�( ��� �( ���F �( .¾ Ô 8: ÂÖ t&�,�� 8 ¾�¾� CG

¾××�w . ª ¿ ���& 2���8 ¾Â :¾ØÖ.

k® ¿ �Q. *%�� *"��. ���� �� r��y 8 S(�(M E/ ��� w0�1� ©(�)�/¾�� – ¾�� ( kk ¿ 2���I��-:��8 Â� :¾Ã. k� ¿ ���& 2���8 ¾Â :¾ØÖ. k� ¿ O��� ]� 2���8 à :¾×. k� ¿ �� 2��� 8Ã� :�� C��. k� ¿ �� 2���8 Ã� :ÂÖ. k� ¿ *-p�� O��&� �,�� � 2���� ]�j�× Ô: �. k� ¿ Ô 8�Q. 8 *x&�4� $�,�� ��D 82����� 2���� U �����D �� �. 8 6�'l�� ��� ©(:��: ¾Õ . k¨ ¿ J~+�� 2���8 ¾� :Ö×. kª ¿ ���& 2���8 ¾Â :¾ØÖ. �® ¿ �Q�� 2���8 �¾ :×. �k ¿ � �0 �� *�,. 8 �� LN 2���� 8 ����� W( �M ����D:¾ Ô :�Ö . �� ¿ O��� ]� 2���8 à :¾Ø�. �� ¿ ��� }&�h �.�� E. ��� ¡�. z� z�/ 8 ��-�� z��� 8 S~(~j U ������ S �F�: �Õ 8 )¾/ÃÕ.( �� ¿ O��� ]� 2���8 à :¾Ø�. �� ¿ t�Q^ 2���8 �¾ :ÃÃ. ��¿ 2�¤�#� 2���8 � :Â. �� ¿ �Q�� 2���8 �¾ :�.

Page 295: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

272

�¨ ¿ O��� ]� 2���8 à :¾Øà . �ª ¿ �H.��� S �F� : z��� ��� *���� w�'� z�/)Õ ( ��� á �� z���)Ã� ( }&�4� ���)¾�� ( I�(hN ��D

È�-�� Ù�����/���. �® ¿ w���|���-�� :r��/1� §� *�y ���. 8 *"��#� 2�(h 2��D� �"��#� J�-�� * "�^. �k ¿ �K,�� 2���8 ¾Ö :¾Ã. �� ¿ J~+�� 2���8 ¾� :¾Â�. �� ¿ ������ S �F� : }&�4� ��� )ÃØØ× ( z��� ��� J � S&�& �� ���� E. J3^ z�/)¾�à ( I�/ z���

��� �h���)¾ (� 2�G�T�� $-:�� ��D¾ 8¾�ØÕ 8 CG¾×ÖÕ w . �� ¿ Ê�j 0. �n". : *+� z��,�� Á(¤� ��� 0. E/ Ê�j 0. S"��¾ÃÃÖ CG , S(¥����� � �"#� E. o�-& �

U A�(� � 6��:�� S���� U �nh ]�� ��Q�� §�� ©(:�� ��� }(h)S(4�Q�� �h ( �Ò �4� �HG �Ê�j 0. E"~���.

(http://www.kuwait¿history.net/vb/archive/index.php/t¿374 .html) �� ¿ �����T�� ���&– Ô w0�1� U AD�-�� :¾Â�. �� ¿ ÃØ I�p-�� E. e�.� / $(��– w0�1�/ �&�-��� *+�. �� ¿ û��� '.�� �·– |�(� �� ���F¿ � 8*(.0�1� *^�Tx�� U ������¾2!"#� ��D 8 ¿ OD�f�. �¨ ¿ I���1� 2��� 8¾Õ :ÕØ. �ª ¿ O��� ]� 2���8 à :¾×�. �® ¿ S� "� � �&�:��� *�,h 8��� ��� ��� �� ©(:��¿ A�(��� 2D�"�� ¿ �Q.. �k ¿ r���. :Cj *���#� }&D�hf� U *��¸� �¤�� �� U |���:�� S��� : Ã×× S� ��� f �nh E/� ]��� 8

����"�� *+"4� �j�T#� �_�� �_�� A� �-& ��^ �'#�� �GH�� S+ J��� e�D�+�N . �� ¿ 2�T�� 2���8  :¾�Ö. �� ¿ I�"+�� 2���8 � :�. �� ¿ D .Ô 8*(.0�1� *-&�:�� �j�T. 8�%��� �(-� ��� :ÂÖÃ. �� ¿ &�:�� �j�T. 8���� E/ �G�p�� ��� w�.1�Ô 8*(.0�1� *-:¾��. �� ¿ D .� 8 û��� '.�� ü· .Ô 8*(.0�1� *^�Tx�� U ������ 8 |�(� �� ���F :ÂÃ�. �� ¿ ���Q�<� J(�Ò� ��� ;���<� �. I�T�– w0�1�/ �&�-��� *+n�� w�-�� P.<�. �¨ ¿ �QT�� 2��� 8ÂÖ :ÕØ.

Page 296: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

1

THE CONTRACT OF GUARANTEE AND ISLAMIC BANKING

Dr.Samia Maqbool Niazi*

Abstract

It may be stated at the outset that a comprehensive treatment of the topic of guarantee is beyond the scope of this paper. Accordingly, we will not discuss issues like the taking of a guarantee, that is, clauses usually incorporated in the forms of banks, variations in the position of the guarantor; variation in the terms of the original contract; and special types of guarantors. In other words, the focus of this paper will be on the nature of the contract of guarantee itself, so that it can easily be compared with its counterpart in Islamic law. The description of guarantees in law will, therefore, attempt to highlight those points that are needed for comparison Key Words: Guarantee, Dama’n, Surety, Liability, Islamic Banking.

Introduction

Charles Dickens said that “Credit is a system whereby a person who

can’t pay gets another person who can’t pay to guarantee that he can pay.” In contrast to this, it is said that a guarantor is “a fool with a fountain pen”(1). The purpose of this paper is to identify with precision the contract of guarantee in law, distinguishing it from closely resembling contracts and relationships, and then to elaborate the Islamic version of this contract with equal precision along with its applications in Islamic banking as it is prevalent today.

The words “guarantee” and “guaranty” are both used as nouns as well as verbs. The noun in both cases denotes the contract of guarantee or guaranty, while the verb denotes the act of providing a guarantee or guaranty(2). It appears that there is no major distinction between the two words, and “guarantee” is preferred in England as well as in the United States, while “guaranty” is mostly used as a noun(3). The terms guarantee _____________________________ * Assistant Professor, Department of Law,Faculty of Shariah and Law

International Islamic University Islamabad.

Page 297: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

2

and suretyship are sometimes used interchangeably. According to some,suretyship is the old term for the contract of guarantee(4). There is a historical distinction between “guarantor” and “surety” in that a surety was once a hostage, but there is no contemporary legal distinction and the use of both words together is redundant(5). Yet, Black’s Law Dictionary says that although the terms are used interchangeably, the two terms should not be confounded(6). The contract of suretyship provides, it says, a joint undertaking with the principal debtor, while guarantee is an independent separate undertaking(7). The Pakistan Contract Act uses the term “surety” in place of “guarantor”(8). The Act also states that the liability of the surety is “co-extensive with the principal debtor”(9), but that is not joint liability. To avoid confusion, in this paper we will use the term guarantee and not suretyship. The word “surety” will be used in the meaning assigned to it by the Contract Act, 1872.

It may be stated at the outset that a comprehensive treatment of the topic of guarantee is beyond the scope of this paper. Accordingly, we will not discuss issues like the taking of a guarantee, that is, clauses usually incorporated in the forms of banks, variations in the position of the guarantor; variation in the terms of the original contract; and special types of guarantors. In other words, the focus of this paper will be on the nature of the contract of guarantee itself, so that it can be easily be compared with its counterpart in Islamic law. The description of guarantees in law will, therefore, attempt to highlight those points that are needed for comparison.

The Contract of Guarantee in Western and Pakistani Law

Parties to the Contract and Their Rights and Liabilities

The Contract

A contract of guarantee is one in which the guarantor agrees to perform the obligation, or to discharge the liability, of a third party if the latter fails to do so(10). There are three parties to the contract(11):

1. The principal debtor: He is the person primarily liable for the obligation or liability whether existing or contemplated.

2. The creditor: He is the person entitled to the benefit of the obligation or liability.

3. The guarantor: He promises the creditor to discharge the liability of the principal debtor if the debtor should fail to do so(12). The guarantor is called surety in the Contract Act, 1872, as already stated.

Page 298: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

3

The obligation that is being guaranteed is most often the payment of money. It does not have to be, and may be the performance of a particular act(13). The consideration moves from the creditor and is in reality his assurance to the guarantor(14), who has made the request, that he will forbear for some time, that is, he will give time to the principal debtor(15). This is valid as consideration does not have to be passed on to the guarantor(16).

It is obvious from the above explanation that the guarantor has secondary liability

(17), and the liability arises only on default by the debtor(18). The contract of guarantee is a contract and not a mere unilateral promise. It is covered by the general principles of contract law as to its creation and interpretation. In addition, the special rules of guarantee law also apply to it(19). Although liability of the guarantor is secondary, it is not necessary that the principal debtor be sued first. The creditor can bring action against the guarantor immediately a default has occurred(20). The guarantor, however, is not liable, unless the debtor defaults. A contract of guarantee may be either oral or written(21), but oral guarantees are useless as far as banks are concerned. A guarantee obtained by misrepresentation or concealment is not valid(22).

Liability of the Guarantor

The liability of the guarantor commences upon default by the debtor(23). In other words, as stated earlier, the liability is secondary. Thus, upon default by the debtor, the creditor need not sue the debtor; he can sue the guarantor directly(24).

The scope of the liability depends upon the terms of the guarantee. The guarantee may cover the entire debt or a particular amount(25). Again, the guarantee may be specific, extending up to a specified time, or continuing(26). There are guarantees that are called “all monies” guarantees. These create a very broad liability, but are discouraged by the law(27). The courts in general interpret guarantees strictly, and in case the terms are vague, they tend to favour the guarantor(28). Where there is more than one guarantor, they may be severally and jointly liable, and the creditor can have recourse to any one of them(29).

Rights of the Guarantor After he has Discharged the Liability

When the guarantor is required to pay, he is “subrogated”(30) to the creditor’s rights, that is, he stands in the shoes of the creditor(31). He can now sue the principal debtor for indemnity(32). This is why guarantee is a contract and not merely a unilateral declaration. To protect this right of recourse of the guarantor, the creditor is placed under a duty not to modify

Page 299: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

4

the principal contract without the express or implied consent of the guarantor(33). The guarantor also has the right to set-off any proper counter-claim against the creditor(34). The subrogation also entitles the guarantor to benefit of any securities of the debtor held by the creditor(35). The fact that such subrogation is not mentioned in the guarantee does not prevent the operation of such right(36).

The guarantor who is obliged to pay is entitled to demand contribution from the co-guarantors(37). This form of liability is not affected by multiple or separate documents of guarantee(38).

Guarantee Distinguished From Other Contracts

A contract of guarantee is different from indemnity in a number of respects. A contract of indemnity is where one party (the indemnifier) undertakes to become liable to another against any loss arising out of a transaction with a third party. The liability arises irrespective of any

default(39). Indemnity involves an undertaking to keep the party to whom it

is given free from loss(40). An indemnity contract involves two parties, while guarantee involves three(41). Liability on an indemnity is primary, and is activated in the event of something happening. The guarantor, however, is liable only if the principal debtor defaults. The guarantor’s liability is, therefore, secondary(42). The liability on an indemnity may arise from the terms of the contract of indemnity or by legal implication(43). This shows that an indemnity need not be written.

It is important to note that a distinction between a guarantee and indemnity is often blurred and to avoid problems lenders frequently require both undertakings in support of a loan(44).

A letter of credit issued by a bank on behalf of a client to a third party in reality constitutes a guarantee, but is not strictly regarded in law as a guarantee, and particular rules of law applicable to guarantees are not applied to letters of credit as regards interpretation and enforcement(45). As compared to this, a letter of comfort, for example one issued by a holding company about the future financial stability of its subsidiary, is not considered a guarantee and the rules of guarantee do not apply to it.

Discharge of the Guarantor (Surety)

The ways in which the guarantor is discharged from liability are listed below with brief explanations. 1. Discharge by payment. A guarantor is discharged from his

obligation under the guarantee if the principal debtor pays the principal debt. Such discharge is revocable as the payment may be fraudulent(46).

Page 300: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

5

2. Discharge by release of the principal debtor. An express release of the principal debtor from all further liability will discharge the guarantor, because such release extinguishes the guaranteed debt(47). This includes any act or omission of the creditor the legal consequence of which is the discharge of the principal debtor(48).

3. Discharge by agreement to give time. The Contract Act states that the surety is discharged when a contract between the creditor and the principal debtor leads to a composition, the granting of more time, or an agreement not to sue the principal debtor, unless the surety assents to such contract(49). In contrast, when the creditor makes a contract with a third person to give more time to the principal debtor, the surety is not released(50). Further, mere forbearance on the part of the creditor will not discharge the surety(51).

4. Discharge by material variation of principal contract. Any variance, without the surety’s consent, in the terms of the principal contract discharges the surety as to transactions subsequent to the

variance(52). 5. Discharge by material variation of contract of guarantee and

creditor’s act or omission impairing surety’s eventual remedy. If the creditor departs from the terms of the guarantee, like not giving a period stipulated to the principal debtor, or does any act inconsistent with the rights of the surety, so that eventual remedy against the principal debtor is impaired, the surety is discharged(53).

6. Discharge by change in legal position of the parties. This is not mentioned by the Contract Act, 1872, however, it is settled law in England. It covers, for instance, cases of partnerships where the constitution of the partnership is subsequently changed or new partners are admitted(54).

Determination of Guarantees

1. Determination by notice. A continuing guarantee may be revoked any time as to future transactions, by notice to the creditor(55). It is possible, however, to include a clause in other guarantees that they will be revoked by notice(56), but it is difficult to imagine a bank accepting such a condition.

2. Determination by death. In the absence of any contract to the contrary, the death of a surety operates as a revocation of a continuing guarantee with respect to future transactions(57).

3. Determination by mental incapacity or bankruptcy. This will apply to future and not to past transactions. Mental incapacity will be governed by sections 11 and 12 of the Contract Act, 1872.

Page 301: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

6

Applications of Guarantees

Lenders require that the repayment of loans be guaranteed, especially where otherwise unsecured(58). Wherever an amount has to be repaid, guarantees are obtained. As a guarantee is the simplest form of security it is for that reason the commonest(59). A guarantee, however, is not a particularly safe form of security(60). Unless a charge is taken over some form of property, a loan secured by a guarantee is regarded by bankers as an unsecured loan(61).

The Contract of Guarantee in Islamic Law

The broad features of the contract of guarantee in law have now been identified. These features will enable us to compare this contract with its counterpart in Islamic law. For purposes of comparison we will rely mostly on Sharï‘ah Standard No. 5 issued by the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI). The title of the standard is Ḍamānāt. The word has been translated as “Guarantees”(62). Where needed, we will also refer to the works of the earlier jurists and modern scholars.

The Meaning of the Word Ḍamàn

The word ḍamān in its literal modern sense means: to be or become responsible; be guarantee; give security or guarantee; ensure; safeguard; to insure; to be jointly liable; and to have joint responsibility(63). When we examine the literature on fiqh, we find the term ḍamān being used in almost every area of the law. Thus, it is found in criminal law, in the sense of paying compensation for an injury caused. The meaning of compensation is found in other areas of the law as well. Another meaning is that of liability, which is also the modern meaning. Thus, we say “so and so will be held liable for this” or “will pay compensation for this.” It is also used in the sense of the capacity or readiness “ to bear loss” as in the qā‘idah: “al-kharāju bi’ḍ-ḍamān.” Nevertheless, despite this variety in meanings, we do find the earlier Muslim jurists using the term ḍamàn for the contract of guarantee in Islamic law. This is the contract of kafālah where it applies to wealth and debts, that is, kafālah bi’l-māl

(64).

Ḍamàn and Sharī‘ah Standards for Islamic Banks

Sharī‘ah Standard No. 5, referred to above, uses the term ḍamānāt (guarantees) in the modern sense and then includes a large number of contracts under it that are not guarantees, but independent contracts, even though their purpose is the provision of security or collateral. The use of the term ḍamān in this imprecise way brings vagueness into the study of

Page 302: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

7

Islamic law and we feel that there is a need to be more precise. The following contracts and transactions are included in this standard under the heading of guarantees(65). 1. Guarantees in contracts of trust (amānah). 2. Guarantees for existing leased properties. 3. Personal guarantees (kafālah). 4. Pledges (rahn). 5. Letters of guarantee. 6. Documentary credits.

Types of Kafālah: Surety and Ḍamān

Examining the Evidence (Dalīl) for Kafālah

In almost every book on fiqh, whether classical or modern(66), the following verse of the Qur’àn [Qur’àn 12:72] is quoted as evidence for the legal validity of the contract of guarantee or kafālah:

They said: “We miss the great beaker of the king; for him who produces it, is (the reward of) a camel load; I will be bound by it.”

The argument advanced is that as the word za‘īm means kafīl (surety), therefore, the contract of kafālah is legally valid. We find it difficult to agree with this reasoning. An examination of the transaction that is the subject-matter of the verse reveals that this is not the contract of kafālah, but what is called a “general offer,” a unilateral contract that becomes binding on both parties once the promisee completes the act required. In Islamic law it goes by the name of ju‘ālah, also ji‘ālah. In this case, the promisor is merely saying to the promisee that if he can bring the king’s beaker he will have a camel load. The contract would have been valid even without the words “I will be bound by it.” In our view, this evidence does not justify the contract of kafālah.

Thereafter, a tradition is quoted to support the contract. This is the tradition of Salmah ibn Akwa‘ in which the Prophet (pbuh) refused to offer funeral prayers over the indebted deceased till one person offered a guarantee for its repayment(67). This tradition has another problem even though the contract of guarantee is clearly mentioned. It implies that the consent of the principal debtor is not required (dead in this case). If consent is not required, it is difficult to see how the guarantor will recover the debt from the principal debtor.

Consensus of the jurists (ijmā‘) is also claimed for the contract(68). The consensus also upholds the illegality of charging for the provision of

Page 303: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

8

guarantee, because guarantee is a kind of a loan to the principal debtor and charging for it will convert it into a contract of ribā

(69). The evidence for guaranteeing an unknown amount or a future

obligation is the tradition al-za`īm ghārim. It may be translated as: the gurantor is liable (for the debt)(70). The Åanafï jurists rely on this tradition for the legality of kafālah(71). As the tradition conveys an unqualified meaning, it is considered to cover all eventualities.

Types of Kafàlah

Kafālah in fiqh is primarily of two types(72). The first is kafālah bi’nafs or surety for the person. This is the old contract of suretyship for producing the person, and in which the guarantor sometimes became a hostage(73). It can be compared to the provision of bail in criminal cases today. The other type is kafālah bi’l-māl or standing surety for debts. This second type is the subject matter of this paper and we shall focus on this type.

The Liability of the Surety and the Principal Debtor in Islamic Law

The Nature of Kafālah and Liability

In order to understand the liability of the principal debtor and the surety in Islamic law, it is essential to see how the nature of the contract of kafālah is understood and how its meaning is traced in fiqh. The meaning of kafālah is understood in two ways:

1. Merger of Liabilities With Respect to the Demand: The first way of considering the nature of kafālah is to treat it as the merger of liabilities for purposes of demand of the debt for the parties, but not with respect to the debt itself. The debt remains the liability of the principal debtor as it was originally. The surety, however, becomes subject to demand from the creditor just like the principal debtor. This case is similar to the separation of demand for the debt in the case of the agent and the principal in the case of a bay‘ (sale). The ḥuqūq and the ḥukm are separated. Likewise, in this case the demand is directed towards the surety when the debt remains attached to the dhimmah (liability) of the aṣīl (principal debtor). It may also be compared to rahn (pledge) where the right of disposal is separated from the ownership of property. Likewise, in this case(74).

2. Merger of Liabilities With Respect to the Debt. The second way is to merge the liability (dhimmah) of the surety with the liability of the principal debtor for the debt itself. The basis here is that kafālah here is a credit given to the principal debtor attached to his dhimmah and the obligation for meeting the demand of the debt. The obligation for

Page 304: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

9

meeting this demand depends upon the original debt. In this situation, even though the debt is due from them both, the demand can be directed to either one of them, just like the case of the usurper who has usurped from the first usurper (ghāṣib). Each one of them is liable for the value of the property, but the property itself is due only from one of them(75).

Liability in Kafàlah Compared to Liability in Ḥawālah

To better understand the meaning of kafālah, it needs to be compared to ḥawālah (transfer of debt). Ḥawàlah and its derivative meanings convey the idea of transfer from one location to another. The legal meaning is the transfer of the debt from the liability (dhimmah) of the principal debtor to that of another person within a relationship of trust and creditworthiness. The jurists disagree about the legal implications of the two contracts.

1. The Ḥanafī view. According to the H;.anafï jurists, the difference between kafālah and ḥawālah is that in kafālah the principal debtor is not absolved of liability (he remains liable for the debt), while in åawàlah the principal debtor is no longer liable for the debt after the contract of ḥawālah is concluded(76).

2. Ibn Abī Laylā’s view. In Ibn Abï Laylà’s view, the contract of kafālah absolves the principal debtor of liability as in the case of ḥawālah. The basis is that the debt is established against the liability (dhimmah) of the surety and this necessarily absolves the principal debtor of liability. The reason is that as long as one dhimmah holds the debt completely, all other dhimmas have to be free of it. If it moves from this to another dhimmah, the first one becomes free. As the debt is established against the dhimmah of the surety, the dhimmah of the principal debtor becomes free. Thus, in his view, in both ḥawālah and kafālah, the principal debtor is absolved of liability(77).

3. Imām Zufar’s view. As distinguished from this view, Imàm Zufar maintained that in the contract of ḥawālah the principal debtor is not absolved of liability. Thus, in both ḥawālah and kafālah, the principal debtor remains liable. In his view, the only thing that is added through the contracts is that the demand for the debt has been strengthened or doubled, not that it has been removed altogether from one of the parties(78).

4. The Response of the Ḥanafï jurists. To counter these arguments, the Ḥanafï jurists maintain that each contract, that is, ḥawālah and kafālah, has been assigned a different name and this indicates

Page 305: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

10

different legal effects. Likewise, the contract of salam has been given a specific name for legal effects that are implied by the term used for the contract. The legal effect is the immediate payment of the price and its possession within the session of the contract. It also implies the delay of the goods bought. The meaning of ṣarf is the payment of each counter-value within the session. In the same way the contract of kafālah conveys the meaning of merger of liabilities. The implication is that one dhimmah be merged with another. This is not possible if the principal debtor is absolved of liability. As distinguished from this ḥawālah means transfer, and this meaning is realised when the liability is transferred from the dhimmah of the principal debtor(79). The above analysis leads the jurists to conclude that the creditor has

the choice to claim the debt from any of the two debtors, the principal debtor or the surety, and to make a demand upon any of them. It may be added here that under certain circumstances the principal debtor can be absolved of liability in a contract of kafālah through stipulation. From this we may conclude that primary and secondary liability can also be varied(80).

The Rules of the Contract of Guarantee (Ḍamān) in Islamic Law

The rules for kafālah will now be stated very briefly with the purpose of comparison with the contract of guarantee in Western law. For this purpose we have relied upon the Sharī‘ah Standard alone, although most of the rules can be derived from the books of fiqh, both earlier and modern. 1. Kafālah is of two types: Kafālah that is with the consent of the

principal debtor and kafālah that is without the consent of the principal debtor. The banks only accept the form in which the principal debtor has given his consent(81).

2. It is permitted to fix a period of the guarantee and to determine and amount to be paid(82).

3. It is also permitted to make the contract conditional and to associate it with a future obligation(83).

4. It is not permitted to charge an amount for providing a guarantee, but the guarantor is entitled to the costs incurred(84).

5. It is permitted to guarantee a debt that is not determined as yet or one that has not become due as yet(85).

6. It is permitted for the creditor to demand the debt, at his choice, from the principal debtor or from the guarantor(86).

Page 306: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

11

7. It is permitted to the guarantor to set an order in which the demand is made, that is, the creditor demanding the debt from the principal debtor, and upon default, demanding it from the guarantor(87). This means that secondary liability for the guarantor can be created, but is not essential and he may consent to have primary liability.

8. If the creditor absolves the principal debtor of the debt liability, the guarantor’s liability is terminated. If the creditor absolves the guarantor of liability, the liability of the principal debtor still stands(88).

9. The contract of kafālah may be part of a loan agreement or be independent of it(89).

10. It is permitted to have more than one guarantor(90). 11. In the case of future obligations, the guarantor may determine the

guarantee by notice served upon the creditor, but this is done before the debt liability has arisen(91).

The Standard does not discuss ways in which the contract of guarantee is determined. A perusal of the books of fiqh shows that this is almost the same or the same rules can be easily derived(92). We are not dealing with this issue here.

Conclusion

A comparison of the contract in both legal systems shows that the contract is almost exactly the same. This does not mean that there are no problems when the contract is compared with fiqh literature. For instance, the jurists may not allow a guarantee for an unknown debt or for a debt that has not come into existence as yet(93).

Page 307: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

12

Reference 1. Clive Boxer, Professional Liability Today (1988). 2. Black’s Law Dictionary, s.v. “Guarantee” and “Guaranty”. 3. Leaving the rest of the world confused. 4. P.J.M. Fidler, Sheldon and Fidler’s Practice and Law of Banking, 11th ed. (London: Pitman, 1985), 303. 5. Andrew Terry and Des Guigni, Business, Society and the Law, 2nd ed. (Australia: Harcourt Brace, 1997), 945. 6. Black’s Law Dictionary, s.v. “Guaranty”. 7. Ibid. 8. Contract Act, 1872, section 126. 9. Contract Act, 1872, section 128. 10.Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and the Law, 945. The Contract Act defines it as follows: “A contract of guarantee is a contract to perform the promise, or discharge

the liability, of a third person in case of his default.” Contract Act, 1872, section 126. The words “in case of his default” distinguish it from the contract of indemnity.

11. Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and the Law, 945. 12. Ibid. 13. M.L.Barron, Fundamentals of Business Law, 3rd ed. (Australia: McGraw Hill, 2000),

340. 14. Consideration in a guarantee is defined as: “Anything done, or any promise made, for the benefit of the principal debtor.” Contract Act, 1872, section 127. 15. The creditor’s forbearance to sue does not discharge surety. Contract Act, 1872,

section 137. 16. Fidler, Practice and Law of Banking, 305. 17. Barron, Fundamentals of Business Law, 340; Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and

the Law, 945. 18. As stated in Contract Act, 1872, section 126. 19. Barron, Fundamentals of Business Law, 342; Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and the Law, 945. The special rules for guarantee in the Contract Act, 1872 are

contained in sections 127 to 147. 20. Barron, Fundamentals of Business Law, 342. 21. Contract Act, 1872, section 126. This is strange as the rule in England, much before

the Contract Act was drafted, was that guarantees be written. 22. Contract Act, 1872, sections 142 and 143. 23. Barron, Fundamentals of Business Law, 342; Terry and Guigni, Business, Society

and the Law, 948. 24. Barron, Fundamentals of Business Law, 342. 25. In Pakistani law, the liability of the guarantor is co-extensive with the debtor, that is,

if interest is owed on an amount due, the surety is liable for that too. Contract Act, 1872, section 128.

26. A guarantee that extends to a series of transactions is called a continuing guarantee. Contract Act, 1872, section 129.

27. Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and the Law, 948, citing A Pocketful of Change (Martin Report).

28. Ibid.

Page 308: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

13

29. The Contract Act provides the details of such liability and requires the co-sureties to

contribute equally. Contract Act, section 146 and other sections following. 30. Is entitled to. 31. This right is affirmed by the Contract Act. It says that on payment or performance,

the surety “is invested with all the rights which the creditor had against the principal debtor.” Contract Act, 1872, section 140.

32. Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and the Law, 948. 33. Ibid. The Contract Act says that the surety is discharged if any variation is made in

the principal contract without the surety’s consent. Contract Act, 1872, section 133. 34. Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and the Law, 948. 35. The Contract Act grants the surety the right to benefit of the securities that the

creditor holds against the principal debtor. If the creditor loses or parts with such securities, the surety is discharged, even if he is not aware of such securities. Contract Act, 1872, section 141.

36. Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and the Law, 949, citing the decision by Lord Eldon in Aldrich v Cooper (1803), 32 ER 402 at 405 and Dixon J. in Williams v Frayne (1937), 58 CLR at 738.

37. If one of the co-sureties is released by the creditor, the other sureties are not discharged, and the released surety remains liable to the other sureties.

38. Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and the Law, 949, citing A.E.Goodwin Ltd. v A.G.Healing Ltd. (1979), 7 ACLR 481 at 490.

39. Barron, Fundamentals of Business Law, 341; Terry and Guigni, Business, Society

and the Law, 945. The Contract Act defines the contract of indemnity and says that loss may be caused by the indemnifier himself or the conduct of another person.

40. Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and the Law, 945. Such loss includes any damages paid by the promisee or costs incurred in a related suit. Contract Act, 1872, section 125.

41. Barron, Fundamentals of Business Law, 341. 42. Ibid.; Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and the Law, 945. 43. For example, an indemnity in favour of employees in respect of liabilities incurred

by them in the course of employment. Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and the

Law, 946. 44. Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and the Law, 946. An examination of the form

of guarantee required by Pakistani banks may reveal that the document has both guarantee and indemnity mixed up in the same document that goes by the name of guarantee.

45. Ibid. 46. Fidler, Practice and Law of Banking, 305. 47. Ibid., 321. 48. Contract Act, 1872, section 134. This section mentions a contract between the

creditor and the principal debtor. 49. Contract Act, 1872, section 135. 50. Contract Act, 1872, section 136. 51. Contract Act, 1872, section 137. 52. Contract Act, 1872, section 133. 53. Contract Act, 1872, section 139. The section should also cover unlawful disposal of

the securities held against the principal debtor, as stated above, but the Act has mentioned it expressly.

Page 309: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

14

54. Fidler, Practice and Law of Banking, 329. 55. Contract Act, 1872, section 130. 56. Fidler, Practice and Law of Banking, 330. 57. Contract Act, 1872, section 131. 58. Terry and Guigni, Business, Society and the Law, 945. 59. Fidler, Practice and Law of Banking, 303. 60. Ibid. 61. Ibid. 62. See the English translation of Sharï‘ah Standard No. 5 issued by the AAOIFI, on

page,53. 63. Hans Wehr, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, s.v. “ðamàn”. 64. See Abū Bakr al-Kāsānī, Badā’ī‘ al-Ṣanā’i‘, vol. 4, 600 (see also the Urdu translation

of this book). Wahbah al-Zuhaylī attributes the use of this term to al-Māwardī in a classification given by him. See Wahbah al-Zuhaylī, al-Fiqh al-Islāmī wa Adillatuhu, vol. 6, 4141.

65. See AAOIFI, Sharī‘ah Standards: 1423 H–2002, 57–67. 66. See Sharī‘ah Standard No. 5, 74; Wahbah al-Zuhaylī, vol. 6, 4141; the verse is relied

upon for kafālah in most books of fiqh, as already stated. 67. The tradition is recorded by al-Nasā’ī, Ibn Màjah and al-Bayhaqī in their Sunan. 68. See Sharī‘ah Standard No. 5, 74. 69. Ibid. 70. The tradition is recorded by Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, Abū Dāwūd, al-Tirmidhī and others. 71. Abū Bakr al-Kàsànï, Badā’i‘ al-Ṣanā’i‘, vol. 4, 600. 72. For the details of the two types of kafālah, see Abū Bakr al-Kāsānī, Badā’i‘ al-

Ṣanā’i‘, vol. 4, 600 onwards and Wahbah al-Zuhaylī, al-Fiqh al-Islāmī, vol. 6, 4141 onwards.

73. As stated above. 74. Abū Bakr al-Kàsànï, Badā’i‘ al-Ṣanā’i‘, vol. 4, 611; Wahbah al-Zuhaylï, al-Islāmī,

vol. 6, 4144. 75. Abū Bakr al-Kàsànï, Badā’i‘ al-Ṣanā’i‘, vol. 4, 611; Wahbah al-Zuhaylï, al-Islāmī,

vol. 6, 4144. 76 Abū Bakr al-Kàsànï, Badā’i‘ al-Ṣanā’i‘, vol. 4, 611; Wahbah al-Zuhaylï, al-Islāmī,

vol. 6, 4165. 77. Abū Bakr al-Kàsànï, Badā’i‘ al-Ṣanā’i‘, vol. 4, 612; Wahbah al-Zuhaylï, al-Islāmī,

vol. 6, 4166. 78. Abū Bakr al-Kàsànï, Badā’i‘ al-Ṣanā’i‘, vol. 4, 612; Wahbah al-Zuhaylï, al-Islāmī,

vol. 6, 4166. 79. Abū Bakr al-Kàsànï, Badā’i‘ al-Ṣanā’i‘, vol. 4, 612; Wahbah al-Zuhaylï, al-Islāmī,

vol. 6, 4167. 80. See Wahbah al-Zuhaylī, al-Fiqh al-Islāmī, vol. 6, 4167. 81. Sharï‘ah Standard No. 5, item 3/1/2. 82. Ibid., item 3/1/4. 83. Ibid. 84. Ibid., item 3/1/5. 85. Ibid., item 3/2. 86. Ibid., item 3/3/1. 87. Ibid. 88. Ibid., item 3/3/2.

Page 310: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

15

89. Ibid., item 3/3/3. 90. Ibid., item 3/1/1. 91. Ibid., item 3/1/4. 92. For example, Abū Bakr al-Kāsānī discuss it in Badā’i‘ al-Ṣanā’i‘, vol. 4, on page

613. 93. See ibid., 606. The Author stipulates that the debt should be known.

Page 311: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

17

ASSESSING THE PERSPECTIVE OF ORIENTALISTIC

SCHOLARSHIP OF ISLAM

Dr. Muhammad Feroz-ud-Din Shah Khagga*

Dr. Ghulam Hussain**

Abstract

In this article, an effort has been made to find out the answers of

the two basic and fundamental questions; first, is an Orientalist to be a

Western scholar can justify his academic antagonism against Islam or to

what extent he can perform his scholarship without prejudice? Secondly,

as the Muslims around the globe, have their inner strong belief in Islamic

teachings and hence, they show their reverence while dignifying the

stature of their religious dogmas, in the same sequence, an Orientalist,

being a Jew or a Christian could be declared as an impartial in his critical

approach towards Islam?. It is very well known that Orientalism is an old

phenomenon historically, noticeable with some marvelous contributions to

Islamic studies and Arabic literature. However, to Muslim circles,

Orientalism normally blemished with obvious or concealed antagonism.

Prejudice, misconstruing the Islam and redundant comments regarding

Qur’ān and Sunnah, occasionally reach the point of ludicrousness.

Key words: Orientalism, Islamic Sources, Methodology, Textual Corpus.

SKETCH OF ORIENTALISM

In ancient Arabic literature the term Orientalism is not found and it has not

been used in its present meaning among Arabs. Basically, this term has

been produced and fabricated by Western scholars and it refers to the

science in which people acquire expertise in Eastern languages, literature

and social rites and rituals. However, in Arabic “Mustashriq” is a western

scholar who shows his grave interest in Eastern studies, literature, and

societies. According to Zulfu Madina, the meaning of Mustashriq can be

________________________________________

* Assistant Professor of Islamic Studies, University of Sargodha

** Assistant Professor of Islamic Studies, PMAS Arid Agriculture University,

Rawalpindi

Page 312: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

18

more confined to a western researcher who takes interest in the study of

Islam, Islamic civilization, social activities and its languages(1)

.

Edward Said has declared Orientalism as an integral part of

European culture and civilization that puts strong influence on

imaginations, theories and approaches of its people in various forms. For

this, we may find a broader definition of Orientalism. According to him,

he says:

“I will be clear to the reader (and will become clearer still throughout the

many pages that follow) that by Orientalism I mean several things, all of

them, in my opinion, interdependent. The most readily accepted

designation of Orientalism is an academic one, and indeed, and indeed the

label still serves in a number of academic institutions. Anyone who

teaches, writes about, or researches the Orient and this applies whether the

person is an anthropologist, sociologist, historian, or philologist either in

its specific or its general aspects, is an Orientalist, and what he or she does

is Orientalism. Compared with Oriental studies or area studies, it is true

that the term Orientalism is less preferred by specialists today, both

because it is too vague and general because it connotes the high-handed

executive attitude of nineteenth-century and early –twentieth- century

European Orientalism. Nevertheless books are written and conferences

held with ‘the Oreient’ as their main focus, with the Orientalist in his new

or old guise as their main authority. The point is that even if it does not

survive as it once did, Orientalism lives on academically through its

doctrines and theses about the Orient and the Oriental”(2)

.

Dr. Aḥmad ‘Abd al-Ḥamīd Ghorāb, an Arab Muslim scholar, has

mentioned several definitions of Orientalism in his work “Ru’yah

Islamiyyah Lil Istishrāq”, where he comprehensively deduces the

conclusion out of all the discussion he made. He points out that

westerner’s impartial research study of Eastern history, civilization,

religions, languages, political and social system, resources and future

benefits on the bases of ethnic superiority and to get political control over

the eastern countries is called Orientalism3. Almost similar assertion has

also been made by Edward Said that clears the role and objective of this

movement:

Page 313: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

19

To speak of Orientalism therefore is to speak mainly, although not

exclusively, of a British and French cultural enterprise, a project whose

dimensions take in such disparate realms as the imagination itself, the

whole of India and the Levant, the Biblical texts and the Biblical lands, the

spice trade, colonial armies and a long tradition of colonial administrators,

a formidable scholarly corpus, innumerable Oriental "experts" and

"hands", an Oriental professorate, a complex array of "Oriental" ideas

(Oriental despotism, Oriental splendor, cruelty, sensuality), many Eastern

sects, philosophies, and wisdoms domesticated for local European use the

list can be extended more or less indefinitely(4)

.

THE ORIGINS OF ORIENTALISM

At the origin of the game of opposing essentializing attitudes

between the "West" and "Islam" there is an obvious phenomenon: the

preliminary construction of a Self-Other polarity in mediaeval Christian

Europe, due to the experience of a menacing, neighbouring "world of

Islam." A similar, specular construction also characterized the opposite

side, reinforced, since the era of the Crusades, by signs of a possible

reverse in the power relationship between the two worlds, which was, up

to that moment, favourable to Islam. We can admit that in this pre-modem

stage Other-constructions are still defensive, not broadly instrumentalized

and still tightly dependent on the protection of a Self defined by the past.

But the dichotomization of the broader universe of experience, which led

Christian Europe to conceive Islam as an anti-Christian apostasy(5), was

about to acquire a new meaning as Europe began to perceive itself as

bound to a fate of progress, evidenced by its growing power in controlling

nature, territories and, eventually, enemies(6)

.

Edward said presented three different approaches about orientalism in

view of academic discipline. His comments are very important in regard

reality of orientalism.

“The three definitions as expounded by Said illustrate how Orientalism is

a complex web of representations about the Orient. The first two

definitions embody the textual creation of the Orient while the latter

definition illustrates how Orientalism has been deployed to execute

authority and domination over the Orient. The three are interrelated,

Page 314: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

20

particularly since the domination entailed in the third definition is reliant

upon and justified by the textual establishment of the Orient that emerges

out of the academic and imaginative definitions of Orientalism.”(7)

.

POWER BETWEEN THE OCCIDENT AND THE ORIENT:

The true contribution of Edward Said is that He pointed out the

limits of orientalists workings. His approaches regarding orientalists

exposure are up to the mark.

“An integral part of Orientalism, of course, is the relationship of power

between the Occident and the Orient, in which the balance is weighted

heavily in favour of the former. Such power is connected intimately with

the construction of knowledge about the Orient. It occurs because the

knowledge of ‘subject races’ or ‘Orientals’ makes their management easy

and profitable; ‘knowledge gives power, more power requires more

knowledge, and so on in an increasingly profitable dialectic of information

and control’. The knowledge of the Orient created by and embodied within

the discourse of Orientalism serves to construct an image of the Orient and

the Orientals as subservient and subject to domination by the Occident.

Knowledge of the Orient, because generated out of strength, says Said, in

a sense creates the Orient, the Oriental and his world”(8)

.

THE LATEST PHASE OF ORIENTALISM

The latest phase of Orientalism corresponds with the displacement

of France and Britain on the world stage by the United States. Despite the

shifting of the centre of power and the consequent change in Orientalizing

strategies, the discourse of Orientalism, in its three general modes,

remains secure. In this phase, the Arab Muslim has come to occupy a

central place within American popular images as well as in the social

sciences. Said argues that this was to a large extent made possible by the

‘transference of a popular anti-Semitic animus from a Jewish to an Arab

target ... since the figure was essentially the same’. The dominance of the

social sciences after the Second World War meant that the mantle of

Orientalism was passed to the social sciences”(9)

.

To maintain a view of Orientalism as a discourse is to give it a

focus that opens up gaps in its coverage. Placing the beginnings of

Orientalism, as late as Napoleon’s invasion of Egypt rather than in the

Page 315: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

21

eighteenth-century upsurge of interest in the Indo-European languages

better suits Said’s demonstration of European power in the discourse(10)

.

Furthermore, Edward Said presented true patron of orientalists

intellectual status.

“For these and many other reasons, Orientalism immediately stimulated

and continues to generate responses from several quarters and with

varying degrees of hostility. The vigour and range of these criticisms

reveal how profound the influence of the book has been. But the nature of

the criticisms has invariably tended to confirm Said’s claim about the

constricted nature of intellectual work in the academy: its ‘theological’

and exclusionary specialization, its disciplinary confinement, its tendency

towards caution and its retreat from the human realities of its subject

matter”(11)

.

EVALUATION OF ORIENTALISTS’ CONTRIBUTION:

As far as the modern Orientalistic endeavors are concerned, these

have to a great extent been able to liberate themselves from the manacles

of medieval chauvinism, unjustified deformation and open hostility, the

overall unsympathetic attitude of Orientalists to Islam; yet its fundamental

sources have not changed absolutely. The rude attacks on Islam and its

fundamental sources have given a way to subtle techniques of research

and interpretation, and the open criticism of Islamic history and its culture

has now been clothed into modern apparel of objective study and

paraphernalia of academic disciplines. It is not uncommon that in many of

the writings of great Orientalists of modern times one finds reappearance

of the hoary story of Judo-Christian origin of Islam and portrait of Islam

as a religion of immoderation, narrow-mindedness, intolerance and

aggression. With few exceptions, the modern breed of professional

Orientalists, in imitation to their predecessors, directly or indirectly

continue to present deformed picture of Islam to their students and do not

hesitate in extending their distortion and misrepresentation to many of

their so-called masterly writings on Islam and Muslim history. Some of

them present a fossilized and mummified version of Islam which belongs

to the bygone time and has no relevance to the present age. While some

others study Islamic history and literature with prejudiced mind and

Page 316: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

22

preconceived notions to present frightening picture of slam which is more

likely to cause revulsion than understanding in the Minds of the readers.

Still some other have been commissioned for or taken themselves the job,

as it were, of a sanitary inspector to report about the drains and cesspools

of an otherwise lush green garden with its beautiful green lawns, flower

beds and magnificent landscapes. Since they are not concerned with the

beauties of the garden, they present a stinking picture of the garden of

Islamic history from the mission of the Prophet to the engineered downfall

of the Caliphate and the modern wave of global Islamic resurgence. They

select some isolated evidences, magnify them out of proportion, piece

them together like a jigsaw puzzle and present an astonishingly different

picture of Islam which has hardly any relevance to the Islam believed and

practiced by millions of Muslims in the world. 12 For the same reason, in

the Muslims’view, Orientalism is an 'intellectual weapon' of

Christianity and the West for weakening Islam by way of blurring

Islamic doctrines and disconnecting Muslims from Islam(13)

.

Ever since the colonial period the Western Universities have

monopolized the teaching of Oriental Studies and have been attracting

Muslim students to study Islam and receive higher education under the

guidance of Western Islamic scholars. Consciously or unconsciously, most

of these Western educated Muslim scholars have developed a habit of

looking at their religion through the eyes of their Western teachers and of

communicating the same distorted image of Islam to Muslim students in

their own countries as well. It is not surprising when one finds a Western

trained Muslim scholar like Syed Ḥossein Naṣr complaining that the

prejudice and misunderstanding of Western Orientalists is ‘wreacking

intellectual havoc among many modernised Muslims’. It is therefore

alleged not without justification that since what is taught and published by

the Orientalists is not free from prejudice and hostility, they bear great

moral responsibility for indoctrinating their many immature and

defenceless Muslim students. In addition to this they also have a large

share in the disillusionment with Islam, scepticism, moral and spiritual

apathy and the overpowering urge of modernism found in the ruling elite

of Muslim countries today(14)

.

Page 317: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

23

INCEPTION OF ORIENTALISTIC ORGANS:

It is interesting to note that in 1901, one of the prestigious organs

of the colonial press, the fortnightly “Questions Diplomatique at Colonials

of France” conducted a comprehensive investigation of the prospects of

Islam in the 20th

century. All the leading Orientalists of the period were

invited to deliberate on the issue. The French Orientalist Carra de Vaux,

who has contributed many articles in the Encyclopaedia of Islam 1st

edition, passionately advocated for ‘segmenting the Muslim world’ and

weakened Islam by encouraging nationalism and heresies so that it

becomes incapable of great awakening. He wrote:

I believe that we should endeavour to split the Muslim world,

to break its moral unity, using to this effect the ethnic and political

divisions…… Let us therefore accentuate these differences, in order to

increase on the one hand sentiments of nationalism and to decrease on the

other that of religious consciousness of the ummah among the various

Muslim races. Let us take advantage of political conditions…in one word

let us disintegrate Islam, and make use, moreover, of Muslim heresies and

the ṣufī orders(15)

.

Although this was suggested eight decades ago, the echo of such

sermons can still be found in the treatment of Islam and the Muslim world

by many Orientalists, pseudo-Orientalists, policy makers and

administrators. It will not be out of interest to note that according to one

estimate, between 1800 and 1950 some 60,000 books on Islam have been

published from the West(16).

PROBLEMS OF ORIENTALISM:

The deficiencies of the Western scholars while delving into the

textual study of the Qur’ān and their views derived from two major

quandary aspects:

� Sources

� Methodology

Most of the scholars of Islam and its textual history depend on

manuscript sources, largely Arabic chronicles, even though they have not

subjected them to sophisticated criticism(17)

.Although they disdain

Page 318: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

24

chronicle paraphrases like those of the pioneering scholar William Muir,

many recent scholars have in fact added only vigorous skepticism.

Because manuscript sources are relatively plentiful and deceptively

straightforward, they have been relied upon as the evidential core; because

they are largely literary and historical, they have been criticized by

philological and chronological methods. Consequently linguistic, not

theoretical, expertise has continued to be the sine qua-non for writing

Islamic history, even though the work of scholars without language skills,

often in fields other than history, has contained potential contributions(18).

Dependence on such sources has recently narrowed the range of topics

studied and has discouraged the use of other disciplines' methods, which

are also often relevant to non-political or chronological subjects. In short,

the limitations of the sources and of their handling by scholars have

produced a paucity of even the simplest use of the data and insights of

other disciplines. Often when they are used, they are used poorly--without

an understanding of the disciplines from which they come and with usual

characteristic of Orientalism.

Passing remarks of non-philological, non-historical, indeed non-

Islamic scholars have or could have cut away many of the myths which

have encrusted the field. Two examples, connected with Muhammad and

with the Qur'an, the former from Slater's recent sociological work and the

later from Frye's slightly older work on the theory of literary criticism,

will help illustrate this point(19)

.

MAJOR OBJECTS OF CRITICISM:

Most scholarship on the origins of Islam, except for a few

anthropologically oriented works, has centered on Muhammad and

Qur’ān. Of course, most primary sources focus on Muhammad's

experiences, and such a focus reflects the individualistic assumptions of

modern European and American culture(20)

. But Slater looks at prophecy

from the point of view of the group that "extrudes" the prophet and then

must make a place for him and incorporate his outre experiences. In so

doing, he suggests new lines of questions about the origins of Islam. He

also unintentionally begins to explain many issues unresolved by the

Muhammad-centered approach, such as the complexity of Meccan

reaction and the social significance of stories about prophets contemporary

Page 319: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

25

with Muhammad(21)

.

It is ironic that Islamic studies seem to be returning to their

beginning a kind of "Orientalism", before they have run the gamut of

reaction to it. "Islamic history" as a discipline is relatively new, a product

of many individuals' disenchantment with what they felt to be the

undisciplined sloppiness of orientalists, most of whom were felt to have

begun with language study and never to have mastered the fields in which

they later dabbled. I hope that interdisciplinary Islamic studies will not be

the only topics of orientalism at large, but rather elaborating on subjects

like the Dār al-Islām or related culture which takes advantage of what each

of the specializations has to offer without sacrificing the dream of the

seamless web of knowledge(22).

APPROACHES TO ORIENTALISM:

Approaches can be determined through several means but the most

appropriate way is to define first, through this organ we may be in a best

position to explore aims and objectives. However, Orientalism can be

defined simply with just a meticulous study of its old historical status.

This historical study will assist us to identify its boundaries, limits and

characteristics without any obscurity.

THE CRUSADES ANTAGONISM:

It is without doubt that, with the various crusade's increased

antagonism against Islam, it at the same time played an important role in

the mis-understanding of Islam; more so, in the Western World. As

Maulana Abul Ḥasan ‘Alī Nadwī has rightly pointed out:

The Crusades in their wake, the clergy and the missionaries and

those European authors, who neither had a bent for research nor possessed

religious values, were mainly responsible for keeping Europe estranged

from and antagonistic to Islam i.e. the Qur’ān and its Prophet. They have

presented both the Prophet and his Message in shockingly hideous colors as a

result of which astonishingly false and baseless talks have gained currency

about them(23)

.

Although antagonism against Islam spread on one hand, Islam too

made inroads for deeper in the hearts of Eastern and Western Europe. When

Page 320: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

26

the Crusades returned from the Muslim Lands, they brought with them the

happy memories of the advanced culture of Islam. This was especially so in

respect of art, architecture, the traditional garb, and other aspects of life

generally. This influenced the minds of Europeans so much that even the

architectural edifices of churches took on an Islamic character. Arabesque

and decorative motifs were developed closely resembling those of Mus-

lims. However, misinformation continued to be disseminated. This is evi-

dent from what Maulana Abul Ḥasan ‘Alī Nadwī says, "Even to-day many

a zealous western author refers to and repeats these accusations, though

with novel techniques and from new angles"(24)

.

Books written by non-Muslims or references to Islam made by them

are often derogatory to the personality of the Prophet (PBUH), the Revela-

tion, the Holy Qur’ān as well as the aḥādīth. They searched out offensive

remarks made by the munafiqūn [hypocrites], the pagan Quraishite chiefs,

the Jews and Christians of the Prophet's (S.A.W.) time and magnified them.

Some of these plots against Islam are mentioned in the Qur’ān itself which

they picked out and used out of context. It is also true to state that hypocrites

had fabricated false charges against the Prophet (S.A.W.) and the ummah in

its formative period with the object of bringing the spread of Islam to an end.

A Masjid Ḍirār, 'the mosque of mischief was built especially for this

purpose where false propaganda was dished out against the early Muslims

and Islam.

In the later period of Islamic history, the European writers saw Islam

and Muslims from a different perspective: that of the behavioral pattern of the

Turks, who were by then virtual rulers of certain parts of Europe. Abul

Ḥasan ‘Alī Nadwī has observed, "whenever there was occasion for Europe

to ponder over Islam, the Ottomans were before her as its [Islam’s accred-

ited and sole representatives on the Continent."(25). The misbehavior of the

Ottomans was seen as the erroneous practices of Islam. If they [the Otto-

mans] involved themselves in the aberrations of their time, then, Islam too,

was tainted.

Various innovations as well as other un-Islamic ideas were regarded

as a reflection of the tenets of Islam. Their perceptions were formed

primarily from the manner in which the Ottomans reflected what purported

Page 321: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

27

to be Islamic behaviour. Consequently, their appraisal of Islam was

incorrect, if not, downright false(26).

However to Muslims, this appraisal is downright false and

suspicious descriptions and slander about Islam. According to Daniel,

suspicion and misunderstanding which had been shaped in that period,

basically, still remains in place for the majority of Europeans. He notes:

The earliest Christian reactions to Islam were much the same as

they have been until quite recently. The tradition has been continuous and it

is still alive. Naturally, there has been variety within the wider unity of

tradition, and the European (and American) West has long had its own

characteristic view, which was formed in the two centuries or so after 1100,

and which has been modified only slowly since(27)

.

Keeping in view the perspective of Orientalism, it can easily be

derived that their approach has been once again derailed in the field of

religious research.

Page 322: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

28

References

1. For a detailed study on Orientalism (Istishrāq) following Urdu sources are

very important: Muhammad Yousaf Rāmpurī “Taḥrīk Istishrāq” Mujallah

Dārul ‘Ulūm Dewband, India, March 1988. Professor Dr Muhammad Akram

Chouhdry, “Istishrāq” Takmilah Urdū Dā’irah Ma‘ārif Islamiyah, University

of the Punjab, Lahore. “Islām Aur Mustashriqīn” (ed,) Syed Sabaḥ-ud-Dīn

Abdur Raḥmān & Others, Dār al Muṣannifīn, Shiblī Academy, A‘zam Garh,

India, New Edition, comprises on seven volumes, published in 2007.

Muhammad Feroz-ud-Din Shah Khagga, “Tahrīkh Istishrāq Aur Us kay Ahdāf

o Maqāṣid” Mujallh Al-Shariah, Gujranwala, 2005.

2. Edward W. Said, Orientalism,( London: Penguim, 1977), p 2; however, there

is an immense criticism on Said’s definition of Orientalism, as Fred Halliday

comments that the term 'Orientalism' itself is contestable: we should be

cautious about any critique which identifies such a widespread and pervasive

single error at the core of a range of literature. There is what, in philosophic

terms, can be termed the search for the expressive totality, or, in more mun-

dane language, the root of all evil. Over the last twenty years we have had a

long list of these-economism, humanism, eclecticism, historicism, empiricism

and so on. More recently we have Eurocentrism, ethnocentrism, foundation-

ism. 'Orientalism'-while it can be used in a precise way, as I have tried to do

above-may be open to such a promiscuous application. Orientalism in Said's

usage acquires an almost metaphysical power to pervade very different epochs

and genres of expression; in so doing it loses analytic or explanatory purchase.

See for detail Fred Halliday,'Orientalism' and Its Critics, British Journal of

Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 20, No. 2, 1993, p.158.

3. Dr. Aḥmad ‘Abd al-Ḥamīd Ghorāb, Ru’yah Islāmiyyah Lil Istishrāq, Dār al-

Iṣlāh wal -Nashr, Riyaḍ, Sa‘ūdī ‘Arabia, 1988, pp. 7-8.

4. Edward W. Said, Orientalism, p. 4.

5. See Norman Daniel, Islam and the West: The Making of an Image,Edinburgh,

1962 and 1966.

6. Armando Salvatore, Beyond Orientalism, p 459.

7. Ashcroft, Bill & Ahluwalia, D. P. S., Edward Said, Taylor & Francis

Routledge, London and New York, 2001, p57.

8. Ibid, p. 63.

Page 323: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

29

9. Ibid, p. 66.

10. Ibid.

11. Ibid, pp 69-70.Bill Ashcroft teaches English at the University of New South

Wales. Pal Ahluwalia teaches Politics at the University of Adelaide. Both

have published widely in the field of post-colonial studies.

12. A number of books and articles have been written for and against the

Orientalist contribution to Islam. For a list of such writings see M.M. Ahsan,

Orientalism and the study of Islam in the West; a select Bibliography, Book

Review, The Muslim World, Vol.1, No.4.

13. Moeflich Hasbullah, Assessment on Orientalist Contributions to the Islamic

World, HARMONI, Jurnal Multikultural & Multireligius, Volume IV,

Nomor 13, Januari-Maret 2005, p. 1.

14. See Nadwī, Western Civilization-Islam and Muslims, p. 173; Tibawi, ‘On the

Orientalists again’, The Muslim World, 1930, p. 61; Hamid Algar ‘The

Problems of Orientalists’, Islamic Literature, 1971, p. 32; G. H. Hansen,

Militant Islam, pp. 76-77.

15. Questions Diplomatiques etc. Colonials, May 15, 1901, p. 588 as quoted by

Marwan R. Buheiry, Colonial Scholarship and Muslim Revivalism in 1990,

Arab studies Quarterly. Vol. 4, Nos. 1-2, spring 1982, p.5.

16. Cf. Time 16, April, 1979, p. 40.

17. Waldman, Untitled Review Article, Religious Studies Review, II, 1976,

pp.22-35.

18. Roger Owen, Studying Islamic History, Journal of Interdisciplinary History,

IV, I973, pp. 287-298.

19. Philip Slater, Earthwalk, Garden City, New York., 1974, pp. 69-IoI; Northrop

Frye, The Anatomy of Criticism, Princeton, I957, pp.55, 294. See also Mary

Douglas, Purity and Danger, London, 1966.

20. Marilyn Robinson Waldman, Review: Islamic Studies: A New Orientalism?,

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Vol. 8, No. 3 ,Winter, 1978, p. 546.

21. Ibid., p. 547.

22. Ibid., p. 562.

23. Nadwī Abul Ḥasan ‘Alī, Speaking Plainly to the West, Lucknow, 1979, p.35

Page 324: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

30

24. Ibid.

25. Nadwī, Op. Cit., p. 36.

26. For more detail please see Prof. Dr. ‘Abd al-Raḥmān I. Doi, The Sciences of

the Qur’ān: A Study in Methodology and Approach, Sterling Publishers,

New Delhi, 2000, pp. 290-312.

27. Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, the Making of an Image, Oneworld

Publications Ltd, 1993, p. 11.

Page 325: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

I

H.E.C. Approved Research JournalResearch JournalResearch JournalResearch Journal

MA‘ARIF-E-ISLAMI Volume No.14 Issue No.1 January 2015 to June 2015

Faculty of Arabic & Islamic StudiesFaculty of Arabic & Islamic StudiesFaculty of Arabic & Islamic StudiesFaculty of Arabic & Islamic Studies

Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad

Page 326: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

II

ISSN: 1992-8556 H.E.C Approved Research Journal MA‘ARIFMA‘ARIFMA‘ARIFMA‘ARIF----EEEE----ISLAMIISLAMIISLAMIISLAMI

Volume No.14 Issue No.1 January 2015 to June 2015

Faculty of Arabic & Islamic StudiesFaculty of Arabic & Islamic StudiesFaculty of Arabic & Islamic StudiesFaculty of Arabic & Islamic Studies

Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad

Page 327: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

III

H.E.C Approved

Research Journal

MA‘ARIF-E-

ISLAMI Volume No.14 Issue No.1 January 2015 to June 2015

Patron –in-Chief:

Dr. Shahid Ahmed Siddiqui, (Vice Chancellor)

Editor-in-Chief:

Prof. Dr. Ali Asghar Chishti

Editor: Dr. Abdul Hameed Khan Abbasi, Dr. Khalil ur Rehman

Associate Editors: Dr. Muhammad Sajjad, Dr. Mohyuyddin Hashmi, Dr. Zakriya

Editorial Board

Prof. Dr. Ali Asghar Chishti

Chairman,

Department of Hadith and Seerah,

Allama Iqbal Open University,

Islamabad.

Prof. Attaullah Siddiqui

Director,

Institute of Higher Education Islamic

Foundation,

United Kingdom.

Dr. Ghulam Yousaf

Chairman,

Department of Islamic Law, Allama Iqbal

Open University, Islamabad.

Dr. Azzeddine Ben Zeghiba

Editing Director,

Afaq Al -Thaqafah Wa Al - Turath,

Juma Al Majid Center for Culture &

Haritage, Dubai.

Prof Dr. Tahir Mansoori

Director General,

Sharia’h Academy,International Islamic

University, Islamabad.

Prof. Dr. Khalid Mahmood Sheikh

Street No.75. House No.695,

G-10/4, Islamabad.

Prof. Dr. Hafiz Mahmood Akhtar

Ex-Dean, Faculty of Islamic Studies,

University of Punjab, Lahore.

Prof. Dr. Sajida Alvi

Emeritus,

Institute of Islamic Studies,

Canada.

Prof. Dr. Dost Muhammad

Director, Islamic Centre,

University of Peshawar.

Dr. Abdul Ali Achakzai

Chairman,

Department of Islamic Studies,

University of Balochistan, Quetta.

Prof. Dr. Shahid Iqbal Kamran

Chairman, Department of Iqbaliat,

Allama Iqbal Open University,

Islamabad.

Prof. Dr. Tanveer uz Zaman

Dean, Faculty of Education, Allama Iqbal

Open University, Islamabad.

Prof. Dr. Anees Ahmed

Vice Chancellor, Rifah International

University, Islamabad.

Page 328: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

IV

ADVISORY BOARD

Prof. Dr. Khalid Masood

Ex-Director General, Islamic Research

Institute, International Islamic University,

Islamabad.

Prof. Dr. Abdul Muqsood

Faculty of Usool Ud Din,

Al Azhar University, Cairo(Egypt).

Prof. Dr. Jamila Shaukat

Ex-Director, Sheikh Zaid Islamic Center,

University of the Punjab, Lahore.

Prof. Mustansar Meer

Youn’s town university,

America.

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Al Ghazali

Islamic Research Institute,

International Islamic University,

Islamabad.

Prof. Dr. Miraj Ul Islam Zia

Institute of Arabic & Islamic Studies

University of Peshawar, Peshawar.

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Akram Rana Department of Islamic Studies,

Baha ud Din Zakariya University, Multan.

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Zia Ul Haque Director General, Islamic Research

Institute, International Islamic University,

Islamabad.

Prof. Dr. Khalil-ur-Rehman

Ex-Professor, Department of Arabic,

Allama Iqbal Open University, H-8,

Islamabad.

A REFERRED RESEARCH JOURNAL

Faculty of Arabic & Islamic Studies

Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad

� Deals with contemporary and new issues from the Islamic

perspective.

� Its contents cover most of the disciplines of Islamic Studies: such

as Hadith, Fiqh, Islamic Thought, History & Culture, Economics,

Contemporary Islamic Books and fatwas reviews, and comments

on the academic issues.

� Contributors are generally faculty members from various

universities & research institutes.

� Paper are subject to evaluation according to the regulations laid

down by the Editorial Board of the journal by leading scholars and

specialists of Islamic studies with the purpose of promoting

Islamic academic research to better serve the Muslim Ummah and

its cause.

Page 329: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

V

RULES AND REGULATION FOR PUBLICATION

Following are the basic rules for publication of a research in

“Ma’arif-e-Islami”:

1- Research Papers submitted for publication, should be

related with the Fields of Islamic Studies

2- Research should be objective and comprehensive. It should

follow a scientific method in terms of depending on

original references, documentation and explanation of

“Ahadeeth” showing their degree of authenticity.

3- Any Research submitted for publication, should not have

been published in either a book, a journal or any other

means of publication.

4- Research should be concluded by brief summary

manifesting results and opinions included therein.

5- An abstract of the article in English should be attached with

the research paper.

6- Research will be forwarded for peer review to two experts,

nominated by Patron-in Chief.

7- Pages of research should be at least fifteen of the journal.

8- Researcher’s name should be written in complete along

with current position, if any.

9- Researches, which are not be published, will not be

returned.

Note: All researches published in “Ma’arif-e-Islami” express

the viewpoints of their authors.

All Correspondences should be addressed to:

Editor: Prof. Dr. Abdul Hameed Khan Abbasi

Chairman, Department of Quran & Tafseer,

Faculty of Arabic & Islamic Studies

Allama Iqbal Open University, H-8, Islamabad

E-mail:[email protected], Tel:051-9250166– 9057870

Subscription Yearly: Rs. 350/- Single Copy: Rs.100/-

Composing & Designing: Mr. Muhammad Tayyab Khan

& Mr. Assad Iqbal

Published by:

Faculty of Arabic & Islamic Studies

Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad

Page 330: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

VI

CONTENTS

Urdu Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Shahbaz

Hasan

Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Israeel

Farooqi

Non Arabic Word in the Holy Qura’n

(A Research Overview)

1

Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq Methodology of Qazi Baizavi in His

Tafsir “ Anwar al Tanzil wa Asrar al

Tawil”

29

Dr. Mohsina Munir Research Review of the Contemporary

Authoring Styles on Khasais e

Nabavi(Prophet ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص’s Characteristisc)

45

Dr. Farooque Hasan Development of Principles of

Jurisprudence in Medieval Sub-Continent

59

Ghulam Haider Reality of Mohatra Contract & Its

Current Forms

75

Sumayyah Rafique Introduction of Qura’nic Orthography

(An Overview)

89

Dr. Zulfiqar Ali Rights and Duties of Non-Muslims in the

Islamic State (A Special Study in the

Light of Islamic Legal Maxims)

101

Dr. Memona Tabassum “Tafsir Ahsan ut Tafasir”, Its

Methodology & Characteristics

(Research & Analysis)

123

Arabic Tahir Siddique

bin Muhammad Siddique

Objectives of Prophetic Dialogue and the

Limit of Its Usage in the act of Da’wah

(Examples from the Selected Ahadith of

Sahihain[Sahih Bukhari & Sahih

Muslim])

143

Dr. Sami ul Haq

Hafiz Muhammad Tariq

Jurist’s Views on Conflict & Preference

amongst the Islamic Legal Evidences

(An Analytical Study)

173

Dr. Iftikhar Ahmad Khan Al-Taukeed in the Holy Qura’n 195

Dr. Hafiz Abdur Raheem

Sayyid Muqeel Hussain

Allegorical Exegesis and Its Important

Books

205

Page 331: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2

VII

Dr. Muhammad Iqbad Sameen Halbi’s Methodology in

Morphological and Syntactical Citation in

his Tafsir “Al-Durr Al-Masoon” (An

Analytical Study)

229

Jasim Ahmad Abdullah Al-

Jasim

Dr. Noorullah Kort

Muhammad Ashraf Ali

Farooqi

Calling Non-Muslims to Islam during the

Institutional work(Islam Presentation

Committee as an Example)

251

English Dr. Samia Maqbool Niazi The Contract of Guarantee and Islamic

Banking

1

Dr. Muhammad Feroz-ud-Din

Shah Khagga

Dr. Ghulam Hussain

Assessing The Perspective of Oriantalistic

Scholarship of Islam

17

Page 332: Urdu Title 3 · 2019-05-23 · Scholarship of Islam ... c*M 30 l^ßne æ ànfÚ(á^³nfi X10 3] ... ^fÚ X27]c*M3 ð^ËI X30 3]c*M †ñ^’e X29]c*M2 oÞ^%Ú X32 ]c*M3 É ¡e X31]c*M2