NOMS TOPONYMIQUES FRANÇAIS

DE LA COLOMBIE-BRITANNIQUE /

FRENCH GEOGRAPHIC NAMES IN BRITISH COLUMBIACompilé par / Compiled by

Maurice Guibord, Société historique francophone de la Colombie-Britannique

(Mis à jour le 21 mars 2020 / Updated March 21 2020)

NOTE: Les entrées dont les noms sont surlignés en jaune ne se rapportent pas à des Francophones particuliers, bien que les noms soient d'origine française.

Names highlighted in yellow do not refer to specific Francophones, though the names are of French origin.

BIBLIOGRAPHIE / BIBLIOGRAPHY

Lorsque de multiples entrées proviennent d'une même publication, seulement le nom de l'auteur et la page citée paraîtront dans l'entrée, ce qui renverra le lecteur aux données complètes ci-dessous.

When numerous entries are found in a single publication, only the author's name and the relevant page will be cited after the entry, which then sends the reader to the complete reference below.

Akrigg: Akrigg, G.P.V. et Helen B. Akrigg. British Columbia Place Names: Third Edition. Vancouver: UBC Press, 1973. http://site.ebrary.com/lib/sfu/Doc?id=10136032&ppg=34

Scott: Scott, Andrew. The Encyclopedia of Raincoast Pace Names: A Complete Reference to Coastal British Columbia. Madeira Park, B.C.: Harbour Publishing, 2009.

-A-

ADAM RIVER: flows N. into Johnstone Strait (C-6). This river probably received its name from Adam Cove, a name in use as early as 1853. Note the name of the main tributary: Eve River. The Kwakwala Indian name for Adam River is 'He-la-de,' meaning 'land of plenty' with lots of berries, birds, animals, and salmon. (Akrigg, 2.)

1

ADAM'S RIVER: flows S. into Shuswap L. (D-io). Also ADAMS LAKE. Appears as 'choo choo ach' (see Chu Chua) on Archibald McDonald's 1827 map of Thompson's River District.' Subsequently renamed after a Shuswap Indian chief, Sel-howt-ken, who was baptized in 1849 by Father Nobili and given the name of Adam. Walter Moberly reports that, when he visited the lake in 1865, he 'made the acquaintance of Adam and Eve, an Indian and his wife.' (Akrigg, 2.)

ALAIN ROAD, Vernon: Louis Alain, though he was bork in SK, still speaks with a slight accent, the legacy of French-Canadian parent and French schooling. Born in 1909, one of eight children, he helped his father run a sawmill and then operated a 700-acre fram at Hudson’s Bay SK. Louis married Clara Lessard in 1937 and the couple had six girls and two boys. With three of their children, they moved to Vernon in 1963. Louis, already 54, had difficulty finding work so the couple began to buy, renovate and sell houses for “something to do”. They subdivided their five acres on Macdonald Road in 1967. […] In 1980 the couple moved into town where they keep busy with activities at Schubert Centre. (Hurst, Theresia. Vernon and District Pioneer Routes: The Stories Behind Our Street Names. Salmon Arm: Vernon Branch, Okanagan Historical Society, 1997, p.62).

ALBERT CANYON: W. of Glacier NP (D-n). After Albert L. Rogers, nephew of Major A.B. Rogers (see Rogers Pass), who assisted his uncle in his explorations. (Akrigg, 3.)

ALBERT HEAD: SW of Victoria (A-8). After Prince Albert, consort of Queen Victoria. (Akrigg, 3)

ALEC ROAD, Saanich: Bell, Betty. The Fair Land: Saanich. Victoria, Sono Nis Press, 1982.-p.45: Two French-Canadian families had built their houses up the hill in the woods ... the Lacoursieres and the Rochons. Alexander Lacoursiere, a builder, who was the contractor for our large new house, had married a daughter of the early settler Etienne Verdier, and 2 sons anda daughter were born of this marriage. The Rochon family owned a candy-making business in Victoria, but the actual candy manufacturers during our time were the offsping of the elderly couple who lived on the hillside. The grave of the two senior Rochons as well as of nearly all the members of the Lacoursiere family are grouped together in the Catholic cemetery, just as their two properties abutted each other during their lifetimes. Somehow neither of these households seemed to mingle very much with the rest of the community and except for the usual casual encounters between people who lived so close to each other, and having regular meetings with Mr. Lacoursiere during the exciting days when we watched our house being constructed, their paths and ours seldom crossed. Was this an earlyt instance of lack of communication between French-speaking and English-speaking Canadians? ...there does seem to have definitely been less contact between people with French names (Marcotte, Verdier, Lacoursiere, Rochon for example) and the rest of the settles... with English names. On the other hand, like all the men of military age and British stock who went away to fight, two Lacoursiere sons also joined the forces. After Mr. Lacourciere's death, a road (non existent in our time) had been named after him - Alec Road.

ALEXIS CREEK: After Chief Alexis, a leader of the Chilcotin Indians. After the Chilcotin Massacre of 1864, Governor Seymour led a force into his territory. He described his meeting with Alexis thus:

2

"...Chief Alexis and his men came on at the best pace of their horses, holding their muskets over their heads to show they came in peace. Having ascertained which was the Governor, he threw himself from his horse and at once approached me. He was dressed in a French uniform, such as one sees in pictures of Montcalm." [1759?]

Ten years later the CPR surveyor Marcus Smith met him:

"A ride of 14 miles ... brought us to the Alexis lakes near one of which the chief has a rough log-house, his headquarters... The chief Alexis looks fully 50 years of age, rather under the middle height, has small black restless eyes, expressive of distrust..." (Akrigg, G.P.V. and Helen B., 1001 B.C. Place Names, p.15-16.)

-"en 1786, à Port des Français [Liluya Bay], Alaska Panhandle, des Indiens ont enlevé un fusil garni d'argent ainsi que des habits de MM de Lauriston et Daraud, officiers de La Pérouse". (source?)

-"...tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... Alexis ...". (i, Oliver. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

ALICE ARM: Observatory Inlet (H-5). After Alice, wife of the Reverend Robert Tomlinson. Immediately after their wedding day in Victoria in 1868, Alice and her new husband journeyed for twenty-four days in a large Haida canoe manned by eight Indians (and an Indian woman to serve the bride) before arriving at their mission station at Kincolith. (Akrigg, 5.)

ALICE LAKE: N. of Squamish (B-8). After Alice, wife of Charles Rose, who settled in the district about 1888. (Akrigg, 5.)

ALLARD CRESCENT: FORT LANGLEY

ALOUETTE LAKE: NE of Haney (B-8). This was Lillooet Lake until 1917, when the name was changed to avoid confusion with the much larger Lillooet Lake north of Garibaldi Park. Presumably the new name was chosen because it harmonizes with the old. Alouette is the French for "lark." (Akrigg, 5.)

-... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... le lac de l'Alouette ... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

ALPHONSE RD. - Central Kelowna area, off Spall Rd., near railway track. Alphonse Lefevre, born in QC in 1841, to BC ea. 1870s, to Kelowna 1878, bought property of Isadore Boucherie. One of first School trustees. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.16)

ANNACIS CHANNEL: (49o 11'00" 122o 57'00" Lower Fraser R, between Annacis I & Lulu I) Annacis Island (49o 10'00" 122o 57'00" E of Lulu I. Francis Noel Annance, born in 1789 in St Francis, Que, was a fur trader of mixed abenaki descent who joined the NWC in 1818 and worked as a trapper in the Columbia district. When the company merged with the HBC, he stayed on as clerk and interpreter. In 1824 the literate, multilingual Annance accompanied James McMillan on a survey of the lower Fraser R, and in 1827, aboard Cadboro, he helped McMillan establish Ft Langley. Annance worked at Ft Simpson on the Mackenzie R, 1833-4, and then, frustrated at the HBC's refusal to promote mixed-race employees (and in trouble over an affair he'd had with the wife of his superior, John Stuart), left the company and moved back to Que, where he farmed, taught school and lived until at least the late 1860s. An early map correctly identifies the island as Annance's I, but a cartographic error crept into the 1858 Admiralty chart of the area and the name

3

was misspelled Annacis. It was also known in the 1860s as Murphy or Innis Murphy after Patrick O'Brian Murphy, a squatter. For most of its life, Annacis has actually been two islands; the NE part was once separate - known, after its owner, as Robson I. John Robson (1824-92) pre-empted this piece of land in 1861, the same year he founded the British Columbian, the oldest newspaper on the BC mainland. He went on to become the province's Premier, 1889-92. [...] When Annacis was developed as an industrial park in 1954, the channel between the two islands was filled up. The name Robson I was officially cancelled in 1957. (Scott, 45.)

ANNACIS ISLAND: SW of New Westminster (B-8). A slurred form of "Annance's Island," named after François Noël Annance. Annance was an HBC clerk who accompanied James McMillan when the latter sailed up the Fraser in the Cadboro in 1827 to found Fort Langley. He was also on the earlier reconnaissance of the Fraser Valley in 1824. (Akrigg, 7.)

-Island three miles long in Fraser River, 1 1/2 miles south of New Westminster. Real Name Annance's Island. François-Noël Annance was one of the clerks who accompanied James McMillan in the "Cadboro" in 1827 when the HBC established Fort Langley. Formerly with the N.W. he joined the HBC on amalgamation. He was also one of the members of the preparatory survey of the Fraser River which McMillan carried out in 1824. (Journal, Fort Langley, 1827-9) (Nelson, Denys. Place Names of the Delta of the Fraser, Vancouver, 1927.)

ANNANCE'S ISLAND: voir ANNACIS ISLAND

ANNETTE INLET, POINT, ISLAND: ... (Scott, 45.)

ANSE AU SABLE: voir L'ANSE AU SABLE

ANTOINE CREEK: 2 1/2 miles long, a tributary to Beaver Creek and about 7 miles north-west of Harper's Camp.

ANTOINE CREEK, Kamloops: Antoine Lemieux settled west of the river at Little fort in 1893; the creek still bears his name. He opened a store, but sold to “Spokane” B, Ross a few years later.

ANTOINE LAKE: 2 1/2 miles long by 1 1/2 mile wide

Antoine Lake and Creek were named after a French-Canadian prospector and trapper who lived for a number of years around the turn of the century in this locality. (Manning, Helen Brown. Place Names in the Cariboo. Unpublished B.A. Thesis, UBC, April 1943.)

ANTOINE ROAD, Vernon: Jimmy Antoine was the last native resident of Long Lake Indian Reserve No. 5, part of which encompassed Kalamalka Beach. (Hurst, Theresia. Vernon and District Pioneer Routes: The Stories Behind Our Street Names. Salmon Arm: Vernon Branch, Okanagan Historical Society, 1997, p.64).

ARÊTE PEAK: Le mont de l'Arête, au nord du parc national Yoho.

ARMENTIÈRES CHANNEL; ARMENTIÈRES ROCK: (53o 07'00" 132o 24'00", Between Moresby I and Chaatl I, QCI) Armentières Rock (49o o1'00" 125o 18'00" N of Bazett I in Pipestem Inlet, SW of Port Alberni, W side of Vancouver I.) HMCS Armentières, a 40-m Battle-class trawler [...] was built by Canadian Vickers Ltd in Montreal and launched in 1917 as a patrol boat and minesweeper. The ship spent much of its life on the BC coast and was stationed at Bamfield in winter to assist vessels in distress. In 1925, under Lt Colin Donald, it struck this previously uncarted rock in Pipestem Inlet and sank, but was refloated, towed to Victoria, and repaired. In 1935, [...], the

4

Armentières anchored in this channel (formerly known as Canoe Pass) while assisting CGS William J Stewart with QCI survey operations. The trawler also served as a training ship, a fisheries patrol boat, and during WWII, an examination vessel at Prince Rupert. After the war it was renamed Polaris and renovated at Everett as a timber survey vessel for use in Alaska [...]. Armentières, site of several WWI battles, is a French town near the Belgian border. (Scott, 49-50.)

ARRAS: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... Arras... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

"As far as I know, Mr. and Mrs. John Burns were the first white settlers to file on land in Arras, taking a homestead in 1915 or 1916. ...". (Coutts, M.E. Dawson Creek Past and Present: An Historical Sketch. Edmonton: Hamley Press, 1958, p.37.)

-un lieu de bataille de la Première guerre mondiale

ARTABAN, MOUNT: Gambier L, Howe Sound (B-8). Takes its name from the nearby Camp Artaban (Anglican Church in Canada). This camp, in turn, was named after a character in Henry Van Dyke's The Story of the Other Wise Man. (Akrigg, 9.)

-... (Scott, 404-5.)

ASSINIBOINE, MOUNT: Alberta-BC boundary (C-I2). After the Assiniboine Indians, who used to hunt in the Rockies. In turn their name is simply the Cree Indian word for 'stone,' which is said to have been applied to them because they cooked using hot stones. (Akrigg, 10.)

ASTROLABE ROCK: Off the south shore of Parry Passage, Queen Charlotte district 54 133 SE. (Gazeteer of Canada, BC, 1966 ed., p.24)

AUGIER LAKE: S. of Babine L (G-y). Named by Father Morice after Father Cassien Augier (1846-1927), Superior-General of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate. (Akrigg, 11.)

AZURE LAKE: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... le lac Azure ... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

-B-

BABINE LAKE: Central BC (G-6 and 7, H-6). Babine (the French word for a large or pendulous lip) was applied by the early voyageurs to the Indians living around the lake. Once female Indians reached puberty, they wore a labret (a plug of bone or wood) in the lower lip, gradually distending it far beyond its normal shape. Old Fort Babine (or Fort Kilmaurs) was founded in 1822, partly as a fur trading post but more importantly as a source for dried salmon should the Fraser River salmon run fail. Babine Lake was known to the Carrier Indians as 'Na-taw-bun-kut,' or 'Long Lake.' (Akrigg, 12.)

Also Babine Crescent, Prince George (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.152.

BACHAND ROAD, Prince George: “Henri Bachand arrived in Prince George in 1949 from Zenon Park, SK. His four brothers, Laurent, Yvon, Denis and Luc joined him and contributed greatly to logging in the Pionce George area. Luc died in 1978 in a truck logging accident.” (Canadian Federation of

5

University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.107.

BAKER, RUISSEAU: Elliott, Gordon R. Quesnel: Commercial Centre of the Cariboo Gold Rush. Quesnel, BC: Cariboo Historical Society, 1958.On décrit en détail les voyages de Jules Maurice Quesnel, commis de l’explorateur Simon Fraser, qui arrive avec ses Voyageurs en 1808. Fraser nomme la rivière en son honneur. La ruée vers l’or de 1857 mène à l’établissement de la ville en 1863. Cette année-là, trois Français achètent des lots à Quesnel – Fabien Picard, Fabien dit Lépine et Antoine Brousseau. Un autre Français, Jean Brosseau, qui avait combattu avec les Dragons en France, laissa le nom au lac Dragon. Encore d’autres Français, les frères Auguste et Jean Boulanger anglicisèrent leurs noms à August et John Baker, d’où le ruisseau Baker.William “Billy” Boucher et sa femme Lizette Allard, mariés au fort Alexandria en 1864, s’installent à Quesnel en 1869. Le lac et le ruisseau Bouchie [sic] le rappellent.

BARFLEUR PASSAGE: (49o 23'00" 123o 28'00" Between Keats I and Pasley I, W of Bowen I in entrance to Howe Sd). HMS Barfleur was a 98-gun, 1,766-ton ship of the line, built at Chatham in 1768. It had a crew of 758 men. After seeing action in the W Indies, it took part, [...] in the 1794 victory over the French in the English Channel engagement known as the Glorious First of June. The passage was one of many features Capt. George Richards named to commemorate this battle when he surveyed Howe Sd in 1859-60. the Barfleur was also present in 1797 at the Battle of Cape St. Vincent and later had a long career with the Channel and Mediterranean fleets. The vessel was broken up in 1819. (Scott, 59.)

BARRIÈRE; BARRIERE CREEK; BARRIERE RIVER, BARRIÈRE VALLEY: N. Thompson R. (D-g). Takes its name from the Barriere River, named as early as 1828. The 'barrière' was almost certainly a fish trap such as G.M. Dawson saw here and described as "two weirs or fences, each of which stretched completely across the stream." (Akrigg, 14.)

Very early voyageurs had called a place forty-five miles north of Fort Thompson the “Barrière” because of Native fish weirs in the North Thompson [river].” (Muriel Poulton Dunford, North River: The Story of BC’s North Thompson Valley & Yellowhead Highway 5, Sonotek Publishing, Merritt, 2000, p.34).

BASQUE: S. of Ashcroft. After the Basque Ranch, established and named by a Basque, Antoine Minaberriet, in the 1860s. He sold out in 1883 and returned to France. (Akrigg, 14.) (See also: http://www.michaelkluckner.com/bciw6pokhaist.html )

BASQUE RANCH: 9 miles north of Spence's Bridge; two old turfed roof log cabins beside the road formed part of the Minnbarriet or Basque Ranch. At one time a prosperous ranch, but the drying up of nearby streams caused the ranch to fail until only a small portion of the old acreage could be farmed. (Ramsey, Bruce. History on the Highways. Vancouver: Daily Province in cooperation with the BC Government Travel Bureau, 1966, p.26.)

BASTILLE: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... Bastille... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

BAUDRE POINT: (53o 05'00" 128o 32'00" Entrance to Khutze Inlet, E of Princess Royal I). Rev. Julien Michel Baudre, a French Canadian missionary and member of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate (OMI), was the first principal of the Roman Catholic boys' school established in Victoria in 1858/

6

This institution later became St Louis College, which opened a new building in 1864 with 40 pupils. Baudre had come W in the mid-1850s from Galveston, Texas, where he had completed construction of a seminary and college, and served as its founding principal. In 1877 he was in the Okanagan, conducting an OMI First Nations census. By 1887 he had been appointed superior at the St Eugene Mission in the E Kootenays. (Scott, 61-2)

BAYARD: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... Bayard... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

BEAUCHAMP STREET, WILLIAMS LAKE : ?

BEAUCHEMIN CHANNEL: (52o 37'00" 129o 15'00" W side of Aristazabal I). Joseph Ulric Beauchemin, a graduate of Montreal's Ecole Polytechnique, worked for the Canadian Hydrographic Service, 1912-47. While most of his career took place in Atlantic Canada, in 1922 he participated in a survey of Hecate Str and was placed in charge of a survey camp at Borrowman Bay on Aristazabal I. For many years he was officer in charge of CGS Acadia, involved in oceanographic surveys off Nfld and NS, in Hudson Bay and in the Gulf of St Lawrence. The channel was named in 1926. Ulric Point at the N end of Aristazabal I also commemorates him. (Scott, 64.)

BEAUFORT RANGE: SE of Comox L. (8-7). After Sir Francis Beaufort (17741857), Hydrographer of the Royal Navy. (Akrigg, 16.)

BEAUMONT ISLAND: (52o 17'00" 127o 57'00" NE of Cunningham I, NE of Bella Bella). Named by the hydrographic service in 1925 after R. Beaumont, who was a senior official with GTP Coast Steamships Co (later Canadian National Steamships Ltd) in the early 1920s. (Scott, 64.)

BEAUMONT PROVINCIAL PARK: SE end of Fraser lake, Range 5 Coast Land District […]Established per Order in Council 402, 16 Feb 1960, containing 276 acres. Area increased per OIC 400, 14 Feb 1964, and per OIC 317, 9 Feb 1965, and per OIC 718, 8 March 1966; the whole containing 497 acres. Area decreased thereafter […], the whole now containing 178 hectares (164 hectares of upland and 14 hectares of foreshore. […] This park is rich in historical significance. Here, natives traversed well-used trails to trade with other settlements. Later, explorers and fur traders journeyed between Fort Fraser, Fort McLeod and Fort St. James on these same trails. Situated on the southeastern shores of Fraser Lake, the park occupies the site of historic Fort Fraser established by Simon Fraser in 1806. Originally known as Natleh, its site was chosen for its commanding view of the lake and summer breezes which kept the mosquitoes at bay. Beaumont Provincial Park was a gift of Capt. E.G. Beaumont, a great benefactor of provincial parks. Besides Beaumont, two other parks were made possible through his generosity. (http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/2758.html , consulted June 2018)

Captain Ernest Godfrey Beaumont was a long-time resident of Discovery Island, BC, who was sometimes called the “King of the Island” […]. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Beaumont , consulted June 2018)

BEAUMONT SHOAL: ... (Scott, 64.)

BEAUX YEUX LAKE, HORSEFLY: Situé près du village de Horsefly, au NE de Williams Lake. Populaire avec les pêcheurs. Ni les musées de Horsefly et de Williams Lake, ni l’internet n’en ont éclairé les origines. http://www4.rncan.gc.ca/search-place-names/unique/JAFBZ

7

BEDARD SUBDIVISION, BEDARD ROAD, Prince George: “Bernard Bedard came to Prince George from Ontario in 1969 and, in 1972, bought land on the west side of the Hart Highway, near Northwood Pulp Mill Road, that he subdivided. He worked for Northwood Pulp Mill as a welder, and was also in construction.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.32.)

BEDAUX, MOUNT: see Bedaux Pass

BEDAUX PASS: Kwadacha Wilderness Park (J-7). This and Mount Bedaux commemorate the Bedaux Sub-Arctic Expedition of 1934. That year Charles E. Bedaux, a Franco-American entrepreneur, arrived at Dawson Creek with limousines, loads of baggage, champagne, asbestos tents, rubber pontoons, river boats, horses, axemen and packers, Mrs. Bedaux, her maid Josephine, her friend Madame Chiesa, cameramen, and five Citroen half-track trucks. One of the purposes of the expedition was to demonstrate the versatility of the Citroens by having them travel across the wilderness between Fort St. John and Telegraph Creek. Trouble began almost at once with the half-tracks taking up to four hours to travel a quarter of a mile through the gumbo. Ninety miles from Fort St. John, the Citroens were abandoned, two of them being driven over a cliff to provide sensational motion picture footage. Continuing by horse, the expedition got as far as Citroen Peak in the Cassiar before turning back. (Akrigg, 17.)

BELAIR'S RIVER: Sunday, 7th Sept. 1828, Peace River. "...Belair's river on our right at seven..." Archibald McDonald. (McLeaod, Malcolm, ed. Peace River, A Canoe Voyage From Hudson's Bay to Pacific by the Late Sir George Simpson in 1828, Journal of ... Chief Factor Archibald McDonald. Ottawa: Durie & Son, 1872, p.20.)

BELGO CREEK: E. of Kelowna. The Belgo-Canadian Fruit Lands Co., incorporated in 1909, built an irrigation dam here. (Akrigg, 18.)

BELROSE: A farming settlement 12 miles south-west of Chilliwack. Station on the BCER 64.6 mles from Vancouver. Named after Georges Belrose, one of the first fruit growers and farmers in the vicinity of Vedder Mountain. They are a French family who settled here about the year 1900, the original spelling being Bellerose. (From Mrs. Belrose, July 22, 1924) (Nelson, Denys. Place Names of the Delta of the Fraser. Vancouver, 1927)

BENDOR RANGE: S. of Carpenter L (C-8). After the Ben d'Or Mines Co. claims. Ben d'or, a Scots-French hybrid, means "mountain of gold." (Akrigg, 19.)

BENVOULIN: E. of Kelowna (B-io). When George G. McKay laid out the townsite here around 1891 in the hope that it would become the southern terminus of the Shuswap and Okanagan Railway, he named it after his home in Scotland. (Akrigg, 20.)

BERARD ROAD, Kelowna: Située près de Spiers et Gulley. Alex Bérad et sa famille arrivèrent en 1888 de Saint-Bonifcae, manitoba. Ils s’installèrent sur un terrain dans Okanagan Mission et leurs 12 enfants fréquentèrent des familles conn8ues tells Brent, Spear, McClure et Hosier. (site internet Les rues de Kelowna : Une histoire francophone)

BERLAND, MOUNT: N. of Radium Hot Springs (C-n). After Edward Berland, the HBC guide who saw Sir George Simpson through this part of the country in 1841. A pious Catholic, he gave religious instruction to the Indians and taught them how to keep track of the months and days by cutting notches in wooden sticks. (Akrigg, 20.)

8

BERNARD AVE. - Downtown Kelowna, main street.Bernard Lequime - born Marysville CA 1857. To Rock Creek 1860 with his parents Eli & Marie Lequime, then to Okanagan Mission 1861. School in New Westminster in 1870s, then 3 yrs in Victoria learning carpentry. Helped build Judge Begbie's residence. He and wife Margaret Dowling of SF have 2 kids. - Aida & James. Was partner in 1st townsite company.; involved in laying out the townsite plan of Kelowna Left for Grand Forks in 1904 for sawmilling; to Yakima 1930, retiring in L. in 1935. Died 1942. Margaret died 1948. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.27)

BERNARD CREEK: flows into Peace Arm of Williston L. (1-8). In September 1828 the HBC engage carrying Sir George Simpson on his back from the canoe to the shore slipped, and the two fell into the water. Simpson named the stream after the man. (Akrigg, 20.)

BERNARD ROAD, Prince George: “Mrs. Nora Marleau came to Prince George in 1950. […] She purchased land west of the city near highway 16 West which was later sold and subdivided as the Marleau Subdivision. All of the roads in this area are named for local loggers. […] The Roger Bernards came to Prince George from Vona, SK in the early 1950s.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.107.

BERTRAND CREEK: http://www.bertrandcreek.ca : Bertrand Creek flows south through the community of Aldergrove in the Township of Langley, and is a cross-border tributary of the Nooksack River. The Bertrand Creek Watershed drains approximately 113 km2 of land divided by the Canada/US border. While many changes have occurred to the stream over time owing to surrounding land uses, it still supports small populations of anadromous (spawning) and resident fish, including coho salmon. Bertrand is one of the very few watersheds in the world to support populations of Salish sucker and Nooksack dace; both on the endangered species list.

Bertrand Creek is an important landmark in the community. It has become the focus of a cooperative effort involving resident volunteers, the Township and the private sector to enhance and restore the stream’s role as both an environmental feature and a recreational corridor. To facilitate this endeavour, the Bertrand Creek Enhancement Society (BCES) was formed in 1993.

Historically, this watershed was once forested and its streams supported abundant populations of salmon and other aquatic species. Over the years rapid urban and agricultural development has impacted Bertrand Creek and its inhabitants.

Restoration efforts by the BCES like garbage clean-ups, stream enhancement, and stream side fencing and planting have involved hundreds of community members in an attempt to make Bertrand Creek a more productive stream.

http://www.bertrandcreek.ca/history-of-bertrand-creek.html : Named after James Bertrand, one of the surveyors of the 49th parallel in the 1800’s, Bertrand Creek was originally known as the “Sehkomehkl” to native inhabitants. The creek is a trans-boundary stream, with approximately half the watershed originating in British Columbia and the other half located in Washington State. The many small streams and wetlands comprising the Canadian portion travel through hilly terrain, with the watershed flattening considerably as it approaches the U.S. border. Early inhabitants described the northern most U.S. portion of the watershed as the “Bertrand Prairie” –a flat, wet, grassland- shrub area interspersed with the huge conifer forest stands common throughout the region (Jeffcott, 1995).

9

Native peoples inhabited the watershed for thousands of years prior to white settlement. In the 1800s a native leader named Skaleel reportedly lived to the age of 125 years in the northern open prairie along the creek. Lockanum, another native leader around that time, lived several miles away, down at the mouth of the creek along the Nooksack River. Lockanum subsisted on the abundant salmon and waterfowl available near his home and on wapatoes (potatoes) grown by his industrious wife. He also aided white explorers and settlers portaging around log jams on the Nooksack near the mouths of Bertrand and Fishtrap Creeks (Jeffcott, 1995). The Sehkomehkl watershed proved to be rich and productive not only for native peoples, but for the new inhabitants as well. The following description rings familiar to those who have loved and inhabited this area, but it was written over 100 years ago by Axling Road settler John Potgeter: “We can see the snow-capped mountain from here – it appears as if it is only two miles…Here we have every fruit…apples, plums, berries – no want for anything. The water runs through the ditches along the road the whole year…there are more fish than [anyone] could eat… [including] many salmon. The creeks have the nicest trout and the largest salmon in the fall. The trees are beautiful…here is rich land, a mild climate; [anything closer to] a heaven on this earth you could not find.” (Walcott, 1966).

Other watershed inhabitants of the mid-1900’s recalled the large salmon runs and plentiful wildlife. Farm wife Nellie VanderMey revealed that the code phrase used by Dutch settlers, “De hondjes zyn aan het lopen” [“The doggies are running”] meant that it was time to get to the creek to harvest the running salmon, often simply by pitchfork. Long-time residents such as Marshall Bayes and Myrtle VanderYacht related that other fish species, freshwater clams, deer, bears and beaver were plentiful enough to be taken as food also. Cougars and bears were not uncommon, and foxes and numerous birds of prey and other birds were in the area (personal communication).

By the 1950s the Bertrand watershed on both sides of the international border was primarily in agricultural use, with dairy cows and row crops supporting many small farms. Some of the finest soils on earth, in combination with a mild climate and plentiful rain, resulted in the highest milk production per cow in the world as well as the most concentrated raspberry production in the world, interspersed with productive salmon streams and wetlands.

BESSETTE : ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... Bessette... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

BESSETTE CREEK: flows NE into Shuswap R. (C-io). After Pierre (Peter) Bessette, a member of the early French-Canadian settlement in the Lumby area. He pre-empted land in 1877. (Akrigg, 20.)

BESSETTE ROAD, Vernon: In 1875 Peter Bessette sold the flat that is now Vernon’s business area for $20, throwing into the bargain several loads of fence rails, which he had cut on the property. Bessette, a native of St. Jean, near Montreal, came to the Okanagan in 1873 and, with Luc Girouard, was one of the earliest miners at Cherry Creek. Known as the founder of White Valley (Lavington), he took up that area’s first pre-emption in 1874. Eventually he owned over 1000 acres on which he ran cattle and grew prime timothy hay and grain. […] Bessette’s home served as the first White Valley post office and he was a partner of Charles Levasseur in constructing the water-powered White Valley Sawmill in 1888. In 1895, residents were shocked to learn of the deaths of both Peter and his wife Eunice within five months of each other. Eunice died at the age of 40; Peter, only 53, had a heart attack. The couple left 9 children, the oldest of whom was 17. (Hurst, Theresia. Vernon and District Pioneer Routes: The Stories Behind Our Street Names. Salmon Arm: Vernon Branch, Okanagan Historical Society, 1997, p.68).

10

BISSETTE CREEK: Of Hector Tremblay, first settler in the Pouce Coupé Prairie, travelling with another gold seeker, Joe Bissette: "We remember their decision in the names of several creeks. One Bissette Creek flows into the Pine River in the vicinity of Little Prairie, one into the Pouce Coupe River closed to the village of Pouce Coupe. Tremblay Creek flows into the Kiskatinaw at Arras." (Coutts, M.E. Dawson Creek Past and Present: An Historical Sketch. Edmonton: Hamley Press, 1958, p.20.)

BISSIT: renamed LumbyThe valley in which Lumby is situated is called White Valley, some say because of the white fog often found settled in the valley, others say it was named after George LeBlanc a French Canadian who had a mine on Cherry Creek and one of the first pioneers to settle in the area.Leblanc's business partner was Peter Bissette (also spelled Bessette) who was the first person to pre-empt land in the immediate vicinity of the present townsite of Lumby and is described by historians as the founder of the French Canadian settlement at Lumby. Since the late 1860s Lumby has had a few names including Bull Meadows, Bissit and White Valley. However in 1890 it was Louis Morand and Quinn Falkner who whould lay out the actual townsite. They decided to name the townsite after Moses Lumby the Government Agent in Vernon. (http://www.monasheetourism.com/Heritage.html)

BLANCHET, LAC et RIVIÈRE: Au sud-ouest de la province, le lac et la rivière Blanchet rappellent deux des premiers évêques de l'extrême ouest. (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

BLONDEAUX CRESCENT - South Glenmore are - off Highland Drive N, to Gillard Drive, Kelowna.

Born in France about 1920. About 1850, went to CA gold rush. He and his partner Auguste Gillard left CA & headed N, staking claim at Boston Bar on Fraser River. They did well there but got into trouble with the local natives so had to leave Fraser Canyon. They went to Hope, where they met Pandosy in 1862. He suggested they settle in the Mission (Okanagan) Valley, so they staked claims there. Blondeaux's 320 acres of land were W of William Pion's. It went W as far as present-day Richter St., N to Bay Ave. & S to Mill Creek. Gillard's pre-emption was W of Blondeaux's and extended to the edge of the lake. Blondeaux sold his ranch to Arthur Best, who then sold it to Arthur Booth Knox in 1883. At his point, Blondeaux's name disappears locally. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.29-30)

BOIVIN CREEK, BOIVIN STREET, Elkford: Mentionné dans le chapitre “Elkford: History of a Wilderness Community”, p.117 & 121, dans Norton, Wayne et Naomi Miller (éds.), The Forgotten Side of the Border: British Columbia’s Elk Valley and Crowsnest Pass, Kamloops: Plateau Press, 1998.

BOLEAN CREEK: flows SE into Salmon R. (C-io). A misreading of Riviere Boleau [bouleau] (Birch River) produced this name. (Akrigg, 23.) Ruisseau Bolean

BONAPARTE LAKE: on sera peut-être étonné de rencontrer un lac Bonaparte (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

BONAPARTE RIVER: flows S. past Cache Cr. Since this is mentioned by name as early as 1826, it would seem that the river was named directly after the great Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821) rather than the Kanaka labourer who is known to have been nicknamed Napoleon. (Akrigg, 23.)

BONNEAU CREEK: 4 m. lomng, enters Ferry Crk E of Lumby; after Casimir Bonneau, pre-emptor, 1884 (12th report of Okanagan Historical Society, 1948, p. 198)

11

BONNEVIER CREEK: E. boundary, Manning Park (6-9). After the Swede (Charles Bonnevier) who was the first homesteader at the eastern end of today's Manning Park. He did a lot of prospecting and in the early 19403 at the age of eighty was still to be seen with shovel and gold pan, and a pot of mush or mulligan, prospecting in the hills. (Akrigg, 23.)

BORDE ISLAND: (53; 05'00" 129o 07'00" Off W side of Princess Royal I, S end of Whale Channel). Hippolyte Borde (1856-1942) was born in California and came to victoria with his family in 1959. He and his brother Auguste (1854-1919) opened a restaurant, the Louvre, in Seattle in 1889 but continued to live in Victoria, where Auguste was a volunteer fire chief, and, for 28 years, the city's water rates collector. Hippolyte is believed to have taken part in the great Victoria old-timers' reunion of 1924 [...]. Formerly known as Trouble I but renamed by the hydrographic service in 1926. (Scott, 79.)

BORDELAIS ISLETS: ((48o 49'07" 127o 13'47" SW side of Trevor Channel, Barkley Sd, W side of Vancouver I). The 200-tonne Bordelais, under Lt Camille de Roquefeuil (1781-1831), was an early visitor to Barkley Sd. Roquefeuil circumnavigated the globe in 1816-19 on a trading voyage, attempting to find new markets for France. He spent two weeks at Barkley Sd, mostly in Grappler Inlet, in Sept. 1817, then returned to Alaska and BC coasts the following year, passing time in Haida Gwaii and with Chief Maquinna at Nootka Sr. Roquefeuil's account of his voyage, published in 1823, provides a detailed European view of early First Nation life on the BC coast. These islets were formerly thought to be one land mass and were shown on Admiralty charts as Ship IT until 1934, where they were renamed. (Scott, 79-80.)

BORLAND CREEK: E. of Williams L. (£-9). After Robert Borland, founder of the Borland Ranch, who pre-empted here in 1865. (Akrigg, 24.)

BORNAIS RD. - Rutland area - off Holbrook Rd E.Alcide Valentine Bornais was born in St. Valentine, QC in 1876. When 7 yrs old, his family moved to Tilbury ON. Alcide later moved to Edmonton, as a farm worker. In 1908, moved to K, working as teamster for Jenkins Livery Service. Also on several local tobacco farms & for British North American Co. Tobacco was also grown on the Bornais farm in Ellison. In 1912, he married Joséphine Christian (she spelled her name this way), niece f Central Okanagan pioneer Joseph Christien [sic]; they lived on the Saucier Ranch. There were the second couple to be married in the new Catholic Church at K, which Alcide had helped build. At this time, he was working for the Barlee family, who owned a big farm just outside K.A short time later, he built a new house close to the Occidental Company. This house was bought by the Cannery, so Alcide built a new one on Pendozi [sic] [Pandosy] St., right on Mill Creek. Four children: Ernest Joseph, Mary Stella Jane (died of pneumonia), Lawrence & Stella Mary. Alcide didn't like living in the city and always wanted his own farm, so sold the house & bought a 24-acre farm in Ellison, next to the Christien Ranch, ca.1920-1. For several years, the Bornais family moved into K for the winter, and Josephine worked in the cannery to help make ends meet. They returned to Ellison in the spring. Their son, Ernest "Ernie", born inKelownaca 1913 remained on the farm in Ellison and was active in the Ellison district, including serving on the board to the Scotty Creek Irrigation district. later worked for the Rutland School District. Married Blanche Gloux Carson & they had one daughter. He built a home on the property and lived there until his death in 1995. His descendants continue to occupy the property - 2010 -. Alcide died in 1931, Joséphine in 1961. Both are buried in the Catholic cemetery inKelowna(Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.31)

BOTANIE MOUNTAIN: Akrigg, 25

BOTANIE VALLEY:Botanie Valley is in British Columbia's southern interior near Lytton. It is a traditional food source

12

for the Nlaka'pamux people. The name itself means "covering" possibly referring to the abundant plant life covering the area. Botanie Creek enters the Thompson River a few kilometres upstream of its confluence with the Fraser River,[1] making Botanie the Thompson River's last tributary.Due to the centrality of its location between the larger Thompson and Fraser watersheds, the Valley was a traditional First Nations meeting place. It was not only a meeting place for people of the Nlaka'pamux nation. Secwepemc, Stl'atl'imx and others met, sometimes as many as a thousand at a time.[2] Ethnobiologist, Nancy Turner said of these meetings, "They met, at least in part, to take advantage of the great abundance of a number of different "root" vegetables and berries to be found there. Also important was the cultural "glue" created at these gatherings, where women harvested plant foods, men hunted, and everyone traded and socialized". The Valley was settled by Europeans in 1876. It has been used for ranching and homesteading since that time. In 1926 a small dam was built, creating Botanie Lake. In modern times the Lytton First Nation has hosted an annual Healing Gathering at Pasulko Lake.Botanie Valley has a rich diversity of plant life owing in part to its location between the rainy Coastal Mountain Range and the dryer Interior Plateau. Occurrence of wildfires also turns forest lands into diverse flower meadows in the higher sub-alpine elevations. In 1978, in an attempt to preserve this diversity, the Province of British Columbia created the Skwaha Lake Ecological Reserve. The reserve contains four blue listed species, and two redlisted species, Nuttall's Sunflower and Oniongrass. Invasive species and climate change are named as threats to these species. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/)

BOUCHERIE, MOUNT: West end of Okanagan Lake, Osoyoos District 49 119 NW. (Gazeteer of Canada: BC, 2nd Ed., Ottawa, 1966, p.70) Aussi connu du nom de BOUCHIER MOUNTAIN (12th report of Okanagan Historical Society, 1948, p.198).

BOUCHIE LAKE: NW of Quesnel (F-8). After "Billy" Boucher (Bouchier), a homesteader who at one time operated a ferry across the Fraser River. Boucher was the son of Jean-Baptiste Boucher, one of Fraser's party on his famous journey to the Pacific in 1808, later known as "Waccan", the HBC's feared enforcer of discipline. (Akrigg, 25.)

BOUCHIE, RUISSEAU: Elliott, Gordon R. Quesnel: Commercial Centre of the Cariboo Gold Rush. Quesnel, BC: Cariboo Historical Society, 1958.On décrit en détail les voyages de Jules Maurice Quesnel, commis de l’explorateur Simon Fraser, qui arrive avec ses Voyageurs en 1808. Fraser nomme la rivière en son honneur. La ruée vers l’or de 1857 mène à l’établissement de la ville en 1863. Cette année-là, trois Français achètent des lots à Quesnel – Fabien Picard, Fabien dit Lépine et Antoine Brousseau. Un autre Français, Jean Brosseau, qui avait combattu avec les Dragons en France, laissa le nom au lac Dragon. Encore d’autres Français, les frères Auguste et Jean Boulanger anglicisèrent leurs noms à August et John Baker, d’où le ruisseau Baker.William “Billy” Boucher et sa femme Lizette Allard, mariés au fort Alexandria en 1864, s’installent à Quesnel en 1869. Le lac et le ruisseau Bouchie [sic] le rappellent.

BOULEAU CREEK, LAKE, MOUNTAIN : Bouleau Creek: 10 m. long, enters Whiteman Creek, upper W side of Okanagan Lake. Bouleau Lake: 1 ¾ m. long, ¼ m. wide. Bouleau Mountain: 6000’. This name probably comes from the days of the fur trade. Bouleau is the French word for birch; this is the meaning of the Shuswap name of Whiteman Creek, Mun-kli-num. (12th report of Okanagan Historical Society, 1948, p.198)

BOULEAU, RIVIÈRE: - voir Bolean Creel

BOUSSOLE ROCK: (53o 58'00" 133o 09'00" NE of Frederick I, NW of Graham I, QCI). The 41-m, 500-tonne frigate Boussole (formerly the storeship Portefaix) was commanded by Capt Jean-François

13

de Galaup, Comte de Lapérouse, who was in charge of a scientific expedition sent by France in 1785 to circumnavigate the globe and find the NW Passage. Lapérouse and his fellow Capt, Paul-Antoine-Marie Fleuriot de Langle, commanding the Astrolabe, sailed along the BC coast in 1786 and named many features in the QCI, which Lapérouse suspected were an archipelago and not part of the mainland. In 1788, after crossing the Pacific, exploring the NE coast of Asia and visiting Australia, both vessels were wrecked in Vanuatu (Formerly the New Hebrides), a loss not confirmed until 1827 when artifacts from the ships were found by Irish sea capt Peter Dillon. No one knows what became of the crew members. Boussole is French for "Marine compass". (Scott, 81-2.)

BOUT DU LAC: “Natives had traditionally crossed the [Thompson] river at the west end of Kamloops Lake. Next came the fur-traders who called it Bout du Lac (End of the Lake).” (Muriel Poulton Dunford, North River: The Story of BC’s North Thompson Valley & Yellowhead Highway 5, Sonotek Publishing, Merritt, 2000, p.99).

BOUVETTE ST. - Near Okanagan College campus - off KLO Road, Kelowna.William Francis "Frank" Bouvette was born in St. Jean, on the Red River, in 1861. As a young boy, he was anxious to learn about life, so he ran away to the American west. His experiences were not happy ones, so he returned home. He played a minor role, transporting supplies, in the 1885 Riel Rebellion, then joined the CPR., helping to construct the last stage of the transcontinental railroad. He was present at the driving of "The Last Spike" at Craigellachie in 1885. Winter was coming so he moved on to the Okanagan Valley where he found work with Eli Lequime. While there he met Rose Evelyn Smithson, b.1868, whom he married in 1886. Bouvette was a skilled cabinetmaker and coach builder. In 1890s he helped build Okanagan Mission's first school, on Fred Gillard's property on KLO Road. He had a contract for delivering mail and drove the first mail stage intoKelownaWith the expiration of the mail delivery contract, the Bouvette family moved to Rainbow Ranche in Okanagan Centre. Large family: William Francis "Frank", Alfred James, Emma, Robert Richard, Wilfrid Sifton, Effie May, Joseph Clifford and Lulu Rose. Rose died in K & was buried at Immaculate Conception Cemetery on Casorso Rd. William Francis Bouvette died in Vernon aged 88. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.32)

BRABANT CHANNEL: Clayoquot Sound (B-6). After Father Augustus J. Brabant, who arrived on the west coast of Vancouver Island from Belgium in 1869. He spent the next forty years here as a missionary priest, acquiring extensive knowledge of the Indians and mastering their language. In 1908 he became Apostolic Administrator of the Diocese of Victoria. (Akrigg, 26.)

(49o 12'00" 126o 04'00" NW of Vargas I and Tofino, Clayoquot Sd, W side of Vancouver I) Brabant Islands (48o 56'00" 125o 19'00" Part of the Broken Group, Barkley Sd, w side of Vancouver I). Pioneer Roman Catholic missionary Augustin Joseph Brabant (1845-1912) was born and educated in Belgium. He came to Victoria in 1869 and in 1875 established the first mission on the W coast of Vancouver I, at Hesquiat, N of Clayoquot Sd, where he worked for 33 years. Brabant compiled a dictionary of the Nuu-chah-nulth language and published and important history, Vancouver Island and Its Missions, in 1900, the same year he helped found the Christie residential school at Kakawis. In 1908, he became administrator of the diocese of Vancouver I. Brabant Channel was formerly known as Ship Channel but was renamed in 1934; the Brabant Is, originally thought to be a single feature, had their name changed from Pender I in 1924. (Scott, 83-4.)

BRABANT ISLAND, Barkley Sound. Formerly Pender Island, name changed by Geographic Board of Canada, 1905. After Rev. Augustus Joseph Brabant, native of Courtray, West Flanders, educated

14

there, completing his studies at the famous university of Louvain. Ordained priest in the Roman Catholic Church in 1868, and the following year came out to this coast. In 1874 he established the mission at Hesquiat, west coast of Vancouver island, and has since resided there, and so has at this date (1906) been over thirty years working for the advancement of the Indians of the coast. Although his headquarters are at Hesquiat, he has constantly travelled from one tribe to another, and is thus universally known along this coast, hardly a point or bay of which he cannot call by its proper Indian name. Having a thorough knowledge of the Indian tongue, he has gathered a fund of information and anecdote relating to these tribes of those parts. The traditions of the first appearance of white men on the neighbourhood of Hesquiat, the attack of the Boston and the murder of the crew, and a graphic description of the blowing up of the Tonquin in Clayoquot sound, have all been given to him by Indians who had the facts related to them by eye witnesses of, or participator in, those events. He is thus a link between the past and present history of the west coast Indians. which are gradually becoming themselves a thing of the past. Residing at Hesquiat, 1906. (British Columbia Coast Names, 61.)

BRASSEAU BAY: (50o 24'00" 125o 58'00" At Say ward, Vancouver I, S side of Johnstone Str.) Named about 1938 after Pete Brasseau, a fisherman and logger who lived at this site for two years before settling on Quadra I. He applied for water rights on the creek that flows into the bay. (Scott, 84.)

BRODEUR ISLAND: (52o 01'00" 128o 17'00" In the Admiral Group, SW of Bella Bella). Rear Adm Victor Gabriel Brodeur (1892-1976) was born at Beloeil, Que. He was among the first group of cadets to graduate from the Royal Naval College of Canada in 1911, and he commanded a number of RCN destroyers over his career, including the Champlain (1929-30), Skeena (1931-32, 1937-8), Fraser (1937), and Ottawa (1938). Brodeur was CO at Naden and Esquimalt, 1932-34, and CO Pacific Coast, 1938-40 and 1943-46. He was promoted to commodore in 1940 and rear adm in 1942, and he spent three years in Washington as a naval attaché and RCM representative on the Canadian Joint Staff. As well as the CB and CBE, he was also awarded the US Legion of Merit and the French Légion d'honneur and Croix de Guerre. Brodeur I was named by the hydrographic service in 1944. (Scott, 88.)

BRÛLÉ CREEK, BRÛLÉ HILL :

BRÛLÉ CREEK : Flows SE into Nation River at N end Tchentlo Lake, NW of Fort St. James. Brûlé Creek adopted 21 May 1981 on 93N as required by BC Forest Service to identify a forestry access road crossing. So-identified by Forest Service since the mid-1970's, in association with Brûlé Hill. (BC Place Geographical Names website, http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/1569.html)

BRÛLÉ CREEK : Flows E into Elk River, N of Sparwood, Kootenay Land District. Brulé Creek adopted 12 December 1939 on 82/NE, as labelled on BC map 1EM, 1915. Form of name changed to Brûlé Creek 4 May 1950 on 82G (file F.1.49). Spelled "Brule" on BC map 4D, 1913. Brûlé is French for burnt or burnt-off. (http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/54413.html )

BRÛLÉ HILL : W end of Tchentlo Lake, an expansion of Nation River NW of Fort St. James, Cassiar Land District. Brûlé Hill adopted 2 June 1950 on 93N, not Brulé Hill as spelled on BC map 1G, 1916. Elevation 1495 feet. The mature timber being harvested here is approximately 80 years old (April 1981 advice from BC Forest Service); as Brûlé is French for burnt or burnt-off, this well-established name probably refers to a fire here in the last century. (http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/1568.html )

15

BRÛLÉ HILL : S end of Mount Robson Provincial Park on W side of upper Fraser River above Geikie Creek, Cariboo Land District. Brûlé is French for burnt or burnt-off, and in this case refers to a burned stand of timber. (http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/38893.html )

BRÛLÉ LAKE : W side of Nukko Lake, NW of Prince George, Cariboo Land District. Brûlé Lake adopted 2 October 1952 on 93J/3. Brûlé is French for burnt or burnt-off. (http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/1571.html )

BRULE, MOUNT : In Sea to Sea Reigonal Park west of Victoria, it offers spectacular view of the Sooke Basin, East Sooke Regional Park and the Olympic Mountains. (https://www.crd.bc.ca/parks-recreation-culture/parks-trails/find-park-trail/seatosea)

Was named after Jean Baptiste Brulez, a French Canadian fur trade employee of the HBC (ca.1809 - ?). (Bruce McIntyre Watson, Lives lived west of the Divide: A Biographical dictionary of fur traders working west of the Rockies, 1793-1858, vol. 1, p.234, UBC, Centre for Social, Spatial, and Economic Justice, Kelowna, 2010.)

BRUNETTE RIVER: New Westminster area (B-8). Named around 1860 by William Holmes, the first settler in Burnaby. He chose this name because the peat lands near the head of the stream had given a dark colour to its water. (Akrigg, 31.)

-C-

CACHALOT INLET: (50o 00'00" 127o 09'00" E side of Kyuquot Channel, SE side of Kyuquot Sd, NW side of Vancouver I). Cachalot if the French word for sperm whale. A whaling station by this name - operated here from 1907 to 19245 by Sprott Balcom and the Pacific Whaling Co - was the most productive in BC in terms of numbers of whales landed. In 1926, Wallace Bros acquired the property, converted it to a reduction plant for pilchards and ran it for another decade. Cachalot post office was open from 1918 to 1935. The remains of the station and plant were still visible in the early 2000s. The inlet used to be known as Narrow Gut Ck. (Scott, 98).

CACHE CREEK: flows W. into Bonaparte R. (C-g). Commander R.C. Mayne, in his account of his inland journey in 1859, mentions camping 'by the side of Riviere de la Cache, a small stream flowing into the Bonaparte.' Cache Creek was earlier noted on David Douglas's sketch map of 1833. This latter mention of Cache Creek, many years before the discovery of gold, demolishes Gosnell's explanation that miners cached provisions here, and similarly the story, told in loving detail in Winnifred Futcher's The Great North Road to the Cariboo, of how a lone gunman, having murdered a miner travelling south from Barkerville and stolen his eighty pounds of gold, was seriously wounded by a pursuing settler, cached his stolen gold, and disappeared forever, leaving only a riderless horse with a bloody saddle as evidence of his fate. The story has all the marks of a fine Cariboo yarn but is nothing more. All we can say is that, at some time in or before 1833, somebody cached something in the vicinity of Cache Creek. Mary Balf, formerly of the Kamloops Museum, may be right in suggesting that there was a collection point at Cache Creek for furs en route to Thompson's River Post (Fort Kamloops). Today the word cache often refers to a place where supplies have been deposited on a raised platform out of the reach of wild animals. The meaning of the word in French, however, is 'a hiding place,' and the cache of an early fur trader was exactly that. A round piece of turf about eighteen inches across was removed, leaving the mouth for a large bottle-shaped excavation. This excavation was lined with dry branches, and the cached goods were then inserted. Finally some earth and the round piece of turf were put on top

16

and the surplus earth all carefully removed. If the job had been done expertly, possible marauders would see no evidence that they were passing a cache. (Akrigg, 35.)

CAMBRAI: battle in World War I

CAMP DES LOUPS: - voir Kamloops

CAMPEMENT DES FEMMES: Former name of Tulameen. (Akrigg, G.P.V. and Helen. 1001 B.C. Place Names, p.113.)

CANICHE PEAK: Mount Robson Park (E-io). A.O. Wheeler suggested the name Poodle Peak because the summit resembles in shape the head of a poodle. Subsequently the French word for 'poodle' was chosen to give the name more class. (Akrigg, 37.)-le pic du Caniche, nom français au parc Jasper (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

CANOE: NE of Salmon Arm (C-io). Reputedly early white travellers were impressed by the number of Indian dugout canoes drawn up on the fine beach here. (Akrigg, 38.)

CANOE PASS: S. of Westham I. (B-8). Gold miners of the 1858 rush who hoped to elude naval patrols checking on mining licenses are said to have used this minor entrance into the Eraser. Perhaps they tried to sneak by in canoes. (Akrigg, 38.)

CANOE RIVER: flows E. into Kinbasket L (E-io). Given this name in 1811 by David Thompson. At Boat Encampment, near the confluence of this river and the Wood River with the Columbia, Thompson built the canoes in which he travelled to the Pacific. Since the building of Mica Dam, the lower Canoe River has been swallowed up in Canoe Reach of Kinbasket Lake, and Boat Encampment is no more. (Akrigg, 38.)

CARIBOO, THE: east-central BC (D and E-8 and 9). A regional name first applied to the goldfield area around Quesnel and Barkerville but now generally extended to cover the country between Cache Creek and Prince George. Visitors to the province should note that it is an unforgivable solecism to spell the name 'the Caribou.' In a despatch of September 1861 to the Duke of Newcastle, Governor Douglas mentioned:'... [the] Cariboo country, in speaking of which I have adopted the popular term and more convenient orthography of the word, though properly it should be written "Cariboeuf," or "Reindeer," the country having been so called from its being the favourite haunt of that species of the deerkind.' As Douglas indicates, 'Cariboo' derives from cariboeuf or cerfboeuf, which is a French folk etymology for xalibu, an Algonquin Indian word meaning the 'pawer' or 'scratcher.' (Akrigg, 38.)

CARREBEUF LAKE: renamed Quesnel Lake. “The [North branch of the Thompson] River flows from the Rocky Mountains, and some of its tributary streams come from the direction of the Carrebeuf (Quesnel) Lake.” (Muriel Poulton Dunford, North River: The Story of BC’s North Thompson Valley & Yellowhead Highway 5, Sonotek Publishing, Merritt, 2000, p.44).

CARTIER, MOUNT: SE of Revelstoke(C-io). After Sir George-Etienne Cartier (1814-73), the leading French-Canadian champion of Confederation. (Akrigg, 40.)

17

CASTILLIAN / CASTILLOU CREEK: on the property formerly owned by Judge Joseph Castillou, now on the Coldwater Reserve south of Merritt (From Jolene Cumming Castillou, Oct. 14, 2019)

CATALINE CREEK: Flows NW into Babine River, NE of Hazelton, Cassiar Land District. 55°35'55''N, 127°10'03''W at the approximate mouth of this feature. After Jean Caux, better known as "Cataline", an early frontiersman who operated a pack train out of Hazelton at the beginning of the 20th century, according to Article 20 of Sperry Cline's memoirs. (http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/3414.html)

CATALINE DRIVE: in Williams Lake (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cataline)

CAYENNE: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... Cayenne... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

CENTREVILLE: see Vernon.

CEREISE [sic], RIVIERE EN: Cherry Creek – [The proper spelling would be rivière en cerise.] "Riviere en cereise [sic]" was used by the early fur-traders as good pastures for their horses. [...] Donald McAulay, who had started work at Thompson's River post in 1851, left the service in 1860 and settled at the mouth of Cherry Creek. A few months later his friend John McIver, who had arrived in 1854, took up adjoining land. [...] (Balf, Mary. Kamloops: A History of the District up to 1914. Kamloops: Kamloops Museum, 1969, p.128.)

CERISE CREEK: NE of Pemberton

CHAPERON / CHAPPERON LAKE: Nicola Valley Mission 1882-1910. Father LeJacq, OMI, visited Chaperon Lake, east of Douglas Lake on July 1 1882 where he baptized Jean Guichon. son of Laurent Guichon. This is the earliest record found so far of a priestly duty carried out in the Nicola Valley. Chaperon Lake does not appear to have had a regular mission. Within the decade Laurent Guichon left the Nicola for the lower mainland and Joseph Guichon moved to Quilchena. The Guichon lands around Chaperon Lake became and remain today a part of the Douglas Lake Cattle Company Ltd. holdings. (Lean, Pat. Sacred Heart Parish, Merritt, British Columbia, Canada. Merritt: Parish Council, Sacred Heart Church, 1986, p.22.

-NE of Douglas L (C-g). After François Chapperon, a packer who used to keep his horses near here. In 1883 he sold the property, which eventually became part of the Douglas Lake Ranch. (Akrigg, 42.)

-François Chapperon (1814-1886) was born in Savoie in eastern France […]. When he came to Canada and how he ended up in Yale remain a mystery, although his name does appear on a Kamloops district claim register in 1880. During the railway construction boom in Yale, Chapperon was the proprietor of the French Bakery, located on Front Street [in Yale]. A Roman Catholic, chaperon does not appear in the St. John the Divine burial records. He was most likely buried by the Catholic church, but in the Church of England cemetery. Chapperon was 72 years old at the time of his death by natural causes on Sept. 12 1886. (Brown, Ian. Hallowed Ground: Stories of the Yale Pioneer Cemetery. Victoria: Friesen Press, 2017, p.57.)

CHARLES CREEK, Kamloops: Charles Fadear, carpenter, left Kamloops about 1892 to settle on the creek that bears his name, gradually extending his ranch, and obtaining some gold from the creek.

18

He later became unpopular with more northern settlers, since he refused them access through his land. (Balf, Mary. Kamloops: A History up to 1914. Second edition. Kamloops: Kamloops Museum Association, 1981, p.123).

CHARTRAND CREEK: Also know as Jack Creek, flows southwesterly into Guichon Creek, north of Meadow Creek, in the Nicola Valley. For the French Canadian Archiel (Jack) Chartrand, who pre-empted Lot 780 in 1886. On Feb. 25 1922 he was murdered by his insane neighbour George McLure, who was unhappy because he had served in the First World War whie Chartrand had not. Chartrand had married Melvina Brand, a young recent arrival in BC with her mother, stepfather, one brother and three sisters, from Oklahoma. Jack and Melvina had three children, Adolph (1916-1979), Elma (Paddy) (1918- ), and May (1920-1991). After Chartrand's murder, Melvina sold the ranch, moved to Merritt and married Frederick Voght Collett, son of Alfred and Christina (Voght) Collett. All the streets in Logan Lake are names of minerals, except for Chartrand St., named to commemorate Jack Chartrand. George McLure had homesteaded the N 1/2 Sec 36 Tp 17 r 21 for which he received a patent in 1921. (Nicola Valley Historical Quarterly, 11:4, Dec. 1994, "Place Names", p.4.)

CHARTRAND LAKE: Latitude. 51.0665°, Longitude. -120.9859°. Chartrand Lake is a lake located just 7.9 miles from Coal Creek, in East Kootenay Regional District, in the province of British Columbia, Canada. (http://www.hookandbullet.com/fishing-chartrand-lake-coal-creek-bc/)Located around 36 km from Cache Creek, British Columbia, Chartrand Lake has much to offer anglers of all skill levels. Other nearby cities where anglers can stop to get some food or get some bait near Chartrand Lake include Clinton, Ashcroft and Kamloops. If Chartrand Lake doesn't satisfy, there are also multiple rivers, creeks, and streams near by. Some of these are Moose Creek, Tobacco Creek, Sherwood Creek, Gorge Creek, Hamilton Creek, Yard Creek, Coal Creek, Brigade Creek, Joe Ross Creek and Barricade Creek. (http://www.sportfishjunkies.ca/fishing/chartrand-lake-british-columbia-canada-1)

CHARTRAND STREET, Logan Lake: All the streets in Logan Lake are names of minerals, except for Chartrand St., named to commemorate Archiel (Jack) Chartrand. Chartrand Creek, also know as Jack Creek, flows southwesterly into Guichon Creek, north of Meadow Creek, in the Nicola Valley. For the French Canadian Archiel (Jack) Chartrand, who pre-empted Lot 780 in 1886. On Feb. 25 1922 he was murdered by his insane neighbour George McLure, who was unhappy because he had served in the First World War whie Chartrand had not. Chartrand had married Melvina Brand, a young recent arrival in BC with her mother, stepfather, one brother and three sisters, from Oklahoma. Jack and Melvina had three children, Adolph (1916-1979), Elma (Paddy) (1918- ), and May (1920-1991). After Chartrand's murder, Melvina sold the ranch, moved to Merritt and married Frederick Voght Collett, son of Alfred and Christina (Voght) Collett. George McLure had homesteaded the N 1/2 Sec 36 Tp 17 r 21 for which he received a patent in 1921. (Nicola Valley Historical Quarterly, 11:4, Dec. 1994, "Place Names".)

CHEVAUX NOYÉS, LAC DES: HORSE LAKE; LAC CHEVEAUX [sic] 5: SE of 100 Mile House (D-g). This name appears on A.C. Anderson's map of 1867 with the notation 'Lac des Chevaux Noyes [Lake of the Drowned Horses] 1827.' The first HBC brigade trail from Kamloops to Alexandria passed by here. (Akrigg, 116.)“[Chief Factor of the Columbia District Samuel] Black drew the brigade trail from Fort Alexandria, He showed it crossing the plateau by “Ax Lake” (Lac La Hache […), then by “Lac Cheveaux” […],

19

past “Lac Tranquil” (Bridge Lake) and “Lac de la Roche” (sic), to the “traverse”[…]” (Muriel Poulton Dunford, North River: The Story of BC’s North Thompson Valley & Yellowhead Highway 5, Sonotek Publishing, Merritt, 2000, p.34).

CHRISTIAN COURT - Lower Mission area - short road off Tozer Court, off Gordon Dr.Joseph Christien [sic] arrived in the Benvoulin area in 1861. Many of tis relatives arrived in the Lumby area around this time. The Christien Valley is named after this large family. Joe Christien opened a store in opposition to Lequime's store. Unfortunately, he had too many relatives and hangers-on with no money and he went broke. On his Benvoulin property, he planted apple trees. In 1870, Annie was born to Joseph and Annie (nee Curran). She was probably the first white girl born in the area. Mrs. Ch9irsitne passed away when Annie after the birth. With the assistance of a niece, Joseph devoted the rest of his life to raising Annie. Joseph sold his property in 1890, moved to the Ellison area onto property purchased From Dave McDougall, apparently for three cayuses and 2 bottles of whiskey. McDougall had built a large log home on the Ellison property, which has since been taken down, log by log, and rebuilt on the Father Pandosy Mission site on Benvoulin Rd. In 1894, school was held in an upstairs room until the new log school was built on land donated by George Whelan. Christien is credited with bringing the first coal-oil lamp into the vicinity. He was one of the first trustees of the Okanagan School District, formed in 1874. Joseph gave a bell (from SF) to the Catholic Mission Church at the Mission site in 1884. the bell is presently at the Immaculate Conception Catholic Church on Sutherland Ave. Joseph died in 1916, aged 87. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.50)

CHRISTIAN PLACE, CHRISTIAN VALLEY Kelowna: Située au coin de Gordon et DeHart, à Mission. Joseph Christien (et non Christian) arrive en 1861. Plusieurs membres de sa famille s’installèrent dans la région de Lumby à la même époque et donnèrent leur nom à la Christian Valley

CHUTE LAKE, NE of Penticton (B-io). From the French word for a waterfall or rapid. (Akrigg, 47.)

CINEMA: N. of Quesnel (F-8). Asked why he named this settlement Cinema, Dr. Lloyd Champlain is reported to have replied, 'Cinema means action. Cinema is pictures in motion, and that is what we are, action.' On the other hand, according to a local history published by the Hixon Women's Institute, Dr. Champlain and his housekeeper hit on the name to commemorate a trip they made to Hollywood around 1920. Cinema post office opened on 2 January 1924 and closed on 12 January 1964. (Akrigg, 47.)

CLAUDET ISLAND: (53o 13'00" 132o 09'00" In Kagan Bay, Skidegate Inlet, QCI). Claudet Point (53o 05'00" 129o 07'00" W entr to Barnard Hbr, NW side of Princess Royal I). Metallurgist and amateur photographer Francis George Claudet (1837-1906) was born in London, England, youngest son of inventor and pioneer photographer Antoine Claudet. He arrived in BC in 1860 as superintendent of the colonial assay office at New Westminster, and the following year was sent to San Francisco to buy equipment for minting coins. The BC mint never got off the ground; only a handful of $10 and $20 gold pieces were produced, and they now rank among the worlds' rarest coins. On the strength of Claudet's assays of coal samples from the QCI, the Cowgitz Mine on Kagan Bay was established in the mid-1860s. He married Frances Fleury (1836-99) at Victoria in 1863 but returned to the UK with his family in 1873 and worked for several London chemical and metallurgical firms. His sons eventually made their way back to Canada and settled in BC. Claudet I was formerly known as Wedge I. (Scott, 121.)

CLEMENCEAU ICEFIELD: S. of Jasper NP (E-io). After Georges ('The Tiger') Clemenceau, Premier of France 1906-9 and 1917-19. (Akrigg, 48.)

20

COCCOLA, MOUNT: W. of Bear L. (1-6). After the fiery Corsican priest Father Nicholas Coccola, OMI, who - from 1880 until his retirement in 1934 - laboured in the mission field in British Columbia, first in the Kamloops area, then in East Kootenay, and finally in the region of Fort St. James. He died in 1943. (Akrigg, 49.)

COSTE ISLAND: S. of Kitimat (F-5). After Louis Coste, chief engineer in the federal Department of Public Works, who in 1898 examined the heads of various inlets in quest of a suitable terminus for a proposed railway to the Yukon. (Akrigg, 54.)

COURCELETTE PEAK: headwaters of Fording R. (C-I2). After a village in France captured by Canadian troops in September 1917. (Akrigg, 54.)

COUTEAU, RIVIÈRE AU: Dans la région Cariboo, aujourd’hui nommée Knife Creek. (Stangoe, Riene. « Looking b ack : Only the names have changed”, Williams Lake Tribune, April 17, 1984)

CROSS RIVER: flows SW into upper Kootenay R. (C-i2). Translation of the Stoney Indian name, which alludes to Father De Smet's raising of a cross in 1845 at the pass at the head of the watershed. (Akrigg, 56.)

-D-

DACRES POINT: ... (Scott, 146.)

DALLAIN POINT: ... (Scott, 146.)

DALLES DES MORTS: Now called Death Rapids. The Dalles des Morts of the fur traders, one of the most dangerous stretches of the Columbia River route to Athabasca Pass. The worst of the many disasters here occurred in 1838 when 12 people drowned, among them the young botanist Robert Wallace and his bride, a daughter of Governor Simpson of the HBC. [source?]

Dalles des Morts, also known as Death Rapids in English, was a famously violent stretch of the Columbia River upstream from Revelstoke, British Columbia, Canada, now submerged beneath the waters of the Lake Revelstoke Reservoir. [...]The more famous "Dalles" in the Pacific Northwest is the namesake of The Dalles, Oregon, which was the site of the Grand Dalles de la Columbia and also the Petites Dalles or Little Dalles before the inundation of that portion of the Columbia. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalles_des_Morts)

DE COURCY GROUP: ... (Scott, 154.)

DE COURCY ISLAND: S. of Gabriola I. (B-8). After Captain (later Vice-Admiral) Michael de Courcy of HMS Pylades, on the Pacific Station in 1859-61. (Akrigg, 61.)

De GRACE ROAD, Prince George: Lawrence (Larry) A. de Grace (1914-1972) came from Alberta in 1952. He bought property on Toombs Drive, which he subdivided into several lots. Access to one of these lots became de Grace Road. Lawrence and his wife Marion had one son, Robert, an accountant in Prince George, and three daughters, Fran, Leslie and Margaret. Larry owned Industrial Forest Service Ltd and was well known in the BC Forest industry. He was active in professional forestry associations. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.156.)

DE HORSEY ISLAND: mouth of Skeena R. (G-4). After Rear-Admiral Algernon F.R. de Horsey, RN, commanding the Pacific Station 1876-9. (Akrigg, 61.)

21

... (Scott, 155.)

DE LA BECHE INLET: ... (Scott, 155.)

DE LA TOUCHE, BAIE: renamed Englefield Bay [source?]

DE LA TOUCHE, MOUNT: (52o 42'07" 132o 02'10" SE of entrance to Tasu Sd, W side of Moresby I, QCI). This conspicuous 1,123-m pea, visible from all points of approach at sea, was named in 1786 by Jean-François de Galaup, Comte de Lapérouse, while sailing S along the W coast of the QCI on his never-finished circumnavigation of the globe. He also gave the name Baie de la Touche to the present Englefield Bay. It is not known who precisely de la Touche was. He may have been Lapérouse's 1st lt aboard the Boussole. Most historians, however, believe that the French navigator intended to honour Louis-René Levassor [sic] de Latouche-Tréville (1745-1804), who, as a capt, had joined Lapérouse in 1781 in a successful attack on an English convoy near NS. Latouche-Tréville later became a French adm and a hero of the American Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. He was one of the French adms to engage Lord Nelson and come away victorious. He commanded French fleets in the W Indies and Mediterranean in the early 1800s and was about to play a key role on Napoleon's planned invasion of England when he died of a sudden illness aboard his ship, the Bucentaure. The Haida First Nation name for the mountain is Qanra Cayaa. (Scott, 405.)

DEL LAVERDURE WAY, Prince George: “Leads to baseballs’ Citizen Field. Was the publisher of The Prince George Citizen newspaper ofr nine of hits seventeen years with the paper. He died at age 50 in April 2008. He has lived in Prince George since he was ten. […] He lived in Prince George with his wife and three children.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.40)

DE MONTREUIL COURT - Central Kelowna area - short road off KLO Road.Henri Beauvillain de Montreuil was born on island of Reunion about 1894. The family, including Henri's sister, Marguerite, came to Canada in 1910, eventually settling in the Okanagan in 1921. That year, he married Anna Marty. Marguerite married Frank Cyprien Saucier in K in 1924. Henri did various jobs around K, including farming and as field man in canneries, and was selling agent for Wear-Ever Aluminum Cookware. For a time he worked on the dairy farm owned & operated by K pioneer Alan Henry Crichton. When the latter became ill, Henri rented the farm, which had a fine herd of Holstein cattle. In 1936, the family purchased 100 acres along Mission Creek. The flood of 1942 devastated the crop. Henri died in K in `1969, aged 74. Anna died in 1982. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.59)

DENIS SUBDIVISION, Prince George: This small subdivision off North Kelly Road is incorrectly spelled on city maps. It was developed by Leo and Frank Denis Junior. Their father, Frank Senior, had bought the land from Tom Austin in the 1940s.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.66)

DENISE AVENUE, Prince George: “Westwood Subdivision was privately developed by George Cruezot on land purchased from the Prince George Gold and Country Club. When naming the subdivision, his brother Henry Creuzot, wanted the word ‘wood’ to appear, as wood plays such an important role in our economy. Several of the streets in the area are named after members of George Creuzot’s family. […] Denise Marty was the granddaughter of George Creuzot, the contractor of the subdivision. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.165)

22

DE PENCIER BLUFFS: Mt. Seymour, North Vancouver (B-8). After that redoubtable mountaineer the Most Reverend A.U. De Pencier (1866-1949), Anglican Archbishop of New Westminster. (Akrigg, 62.)

DEADMAN RIVER: flows S. into Thompson R. near Savona (C-g). After Pierre Chivrette, or Charette, killed here in 1817 in a quarrel over the choice of a campsite. (Akrigg, 60.)

DEATH RAPIDS: N. of Revelstoke (D-io). The old Dalles des Morts of the fur traders, one of the most dangerous stretches of the Columbia River route from Athabasca Pass. The worst of the many disasters here occurred in 1838 when twelve people drowned, among them the young botanist Robert Wallace and his bride, a daughter of Governor Simpson of the HBC. (Akrigg, 60.)

DELAIR: Station on the BCER Fraser Valley line, one mile south of Abbotsford; 53.2 miles from Vancouver. Named after W.W. Delair, an early settler and original owner of the land, originally from Horsefly in the Cariboo district (info from Thos. Yorke Huntingdon) (Nelson, Denys. Place Names of the Delta of the Fraser. Vancouver, 1927.)

DELLA FALLS: NW of Great Central L. (6-7). Also DELIA LAKE and DRINKWATER CREEK. These falls, really a series of cascades descending 1,443 feet * (44° metres), have been claimed to be the highest in Canada. They were named by Joe Drinkwater [=BOILEAU?], a prospector, after his wife, Delia, whom he married in 1899. (Akrigg, 61.)

DELPHINE CREEK: flows E. into Toby Cr. (C-n). Named after the wife of pioneer settler George Starke. (Akrigg, 61.)

DELURE CREEK: The [gold] mines are situated on Stickeen [sic] River, on the third North Fork, on Thibert Creek, (so called from its discoverer,) a tributary called Delure Creek, and Deases's Creek; running out of Deases' Lake. (First Victoria Directory, 5th Issue, 1874, p.52; consulted online Dec. 12 2016)

DEROCHE: E. of Mission (B-8). After Joseph Deroche, the first settler here. He arrived in British Columbia from California in 1860, became a teamster in the Cariboo, acquired a farm here, and died in 1922 at the age of ninety-nine. (Akrigg, 62.)

DE ROO ROAD, Vernon: John De Roo, a Belgian, moved to Canada in 1901 with his wife Marie. The couple first settle at Duck Range near Kamloops, where two sons were born. The family returned to Belgium in 1910 where five sons were born. The family returned to Canada permanently in 1920 and in 1932 the De Roos purchased tha land adjacent to De Roo Road in the BX. John died in 1953, aged 77; Marie in 1975, aged 95. John and Marie’s son Omer was born in 1914. […] (Hurst, Theresia. Vernon and District Pioneer Routes: The Stories Behind Our Street Names. Salmon Arm: Vernon Branch, Okanagan Historical Society, 1997, p.83).

DES ROCHES: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... Des Roches... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

DESBRISAY BAY: ... (Scott, 157-8.)

23

DE SOUS CREEK; DE SOUS MOUNTAIN: "This appears to be the phonetic spelling of the pioneer name Dussault. Joseph Dussault was born in Quebec in 1819, later drove oxen on the Cariboo road, and settle at what became Dussault Creek (De Sous) near the Chilcotin bridge west of Williams Lake. (Strangoe, Irene. Looking Back at the Cariboo-Chilcotin. Surrey BC; Heritage House, 1997, p. 154.)

DEVEREUX CREEK: flows S. into Klinaklini R. (0-7). For F.A. Devereux, the surveyor who in 1895 tried to find a practicable route inland from the head of Knight Inlet. (Akrigg, 62.)

DEVILLE: Une intention du même genre (un mémorial) fit donner à une montagne le nom de Deville, hydrographe fançais, arpenteur général du Canada, qui applique le photoigrammétrie dans les Rocheuses, dès 1885. (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

DOLLARD ROAD, Prince George: Named for the family who owned the property. No information about the family was available. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.161)

DRAGON, LAC: Elliott, Gordon R. Quesnel: Commercial Centre of the Cariboo Gold Rush. Quesnel, BC: Cariboo Historical Society, 1958.On décrit en détail les voyages de Jules Maurice Quesnel, commis de l’explorateur Simon Fraser, qui arrive avec ses Voyageurs en 1808. Fraser nomme la rivière en son honneur. La ruée vers l’or de 1857 mène à l’établissement de la ville en 1863. Cette année-là, trois Français achètent des lots à Quesnel – Fabien Picard, Fabien dit Lépine et Antoine Brousseau. Un autre Français, Jean Brosseau, qui avait combattu avec les Dragons en France, laissa le nom au lac Dragon. Encore d’autres Français, les frères Auguste et Jean Boulanger anglicisèrent leurs noms à August et John Baker, d’où le ruisseau Baker.William “Billy” Boucher et sa femme Lizette Allard, mariés au fort Alexandria en 1864, s’installent à Quesnel en 1869. Le lac et le ruisseau Bouchie [sic] le rappellent.

DUBOIS DRIVE, Prince George : « Was named after a Mr. Dubois who had a floor-laying business in Prince George. He lived on the street for about seven years during the 1960s. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.100).

DUCHESNAY, MOUNT: SE of Field (D-11). After E.J. Duchesnay, CE, Assistant general superintendent of the Pacific Division of the CPR, killed by a rockfall in a tunnel near Spuzzum in 1901. (Akrigg, 68.) **voir mon document Duchesnay - lac & col

DUDEVOIR PASSAGE: (54o 38'06" 130o 26'22" Between Tsimpsean Peninsula and Maskelyne I, N of Prince Rupert). Alfred Dudoward (c1849-1914), known as Skagwait (or Sgagweet), was the respected chief of the Gitando branch of the Tsimshian First Nation at Ft Simpson (Lax Kw'alaams). He was the son of a high-ranking Tsimshian mother, Elizabeth Diex (there are many variant spellings of her hereditary name). His father was Félix Dudoaire (Dudoire or Dudevoir), a French Canadian tailor at the HBC fort. After Félix's death, Alfred's surname was anglicized. In 1871, Alfred married Katherine Holmes, who also had a high-ranking Tsimshian mother and a white father. She had attended Anglican school in Victoria and been raised on a non-Native home. Following Elizabeth Diex's lead the Dudowards became Methodists in 1873 while on a visit to Victoria. They persuaded Thomas Crosby to establish his Methodist mission at Ft Simpson in 1874, and both Alfred and Kate were deeply involved in mission activities. However, ongoing

24

conflicts between Christian and traditional beliefs led the Dudowards to leave the church in the mid-1890s. The family operated a store at Ft Simpson and owned a trading sloop, the Georgiana, in the mide-1870s. Alfred and Kate's children included the well-know carver Charles Dudoward. Dudevoir Passage was formerly known as Canoe Pass. (Scott, 171.)

DUPONT ISLAND: ... (Scott, 175.)

DUPRE AVENUE, Prince George: Named after Cyril Dupre 91891-1952) who was born in England.

DURIEU: N. of Hatzic (B-8). After Father Paul Durieu, OMI. Appointed a coadjutor bishop in 1875, Durieu became Bishop of New Westminster in 1890. He died in 1899. (Akrigg, 70.)

DUSSAULT CREEK: voir De Sous Creek

DUTEAU CREEK, près de Lumby CB. http://globalnews.ca/news/588123/lumby-hit-hard-by-flooding/

22 m. long, enters Bessette Creek near Lumby; after Vincent Duteau, settler in the 1860s. Formerly Jones creek, after Robert Jones, Cariboo miner who settled here in 1891. (12th report of Okanagan Historical Society, 1948, p.202)

DUVAL ROCK: ... (Scott, 175.)

DU VERNET POINT: ... (Scott, 175.)

-E-

EAU CLAIRE RIVER: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... la rivière Eau Claire ... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

EAU CLAIRE / FORKS L’ : a location partway of the Clearwater (=eau claire) [river], the name jotted down by Samuel Black, Chief Factor of the Columbia District. (Muriel Poulton Dunford, North River: The Story of BC’s North Thompson Valley & Yellowhead Highway 5, Sonotek Publishing, Merritt, 2000, p.34).

EHOLT: After Louis Eholt who began ranching in the area around 1890. Eholt was a busy rail centre during the mining activity at Phoenix and elsewhere early in this century. (Akrigg, G.P.V. and Helen B., 1001 B.C. Place Names, p.57)

ELI AVE. - Downtown Kelowna - now Harvey Ave.Now named Harvey Ave., this avenue ran from Ellis St. to Abbott St.Some records indicate that Eli Lequime was born in Bordeaux, France, in 1811. His parents apparently died when he was young so he was raised by an uncle, Anton Lequime, who had a wine business. Eli ran away to sea at 14, and spent the 24 years travelling the world. He landed in CA about 1852, spent 2 years in the gold fields, returning to France in 1854. He joined the French Army & went to the Crimea where he fought at Sebastopol.. After the war, he met Marie Louise Atabagoeth (b.ca 1831 in village of Bau, France). They agreed to marry, and Eli left France in 1855, arriving in SF in early 1856, where he opened a French laundry, where Marie L0uise joined him and they were married in 1856. A short time later, they sold the laundry and moved to Marysville CA, where they opened a saloon. It was there that their first child, Bernard, was born. Eventually, the Lequime family moved N into BC, and by 1861, were living at the Okanagan mission, where they became well-known for their ranch, store and hotel/tavern. Eli had the first blacksmith shop, post office and hotel-saloon in Kelowna. Eli was the father of Bernard

25

Lequime, who founded Kelowna in 1892. In 1888, Eli sold his ranch and moved to CA, along with daughter and grand-daughter. Marie joined him several years later. Eli died in SF in late 1898, Marie in 1908. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.68 & 115.)

EUGENE ROAD, Prince George: “Henry Theodore (1903-1967) and Helene LaFreniere, originally from the United States, came to Prince George in the mid 1950s from Chilliwack where Henry had a coal business. The couple bought a section of property off Highway 16 west and lived in the area from about 1956 to the late 1960s. Henry was self-employed and cleared the land, hauled the gravel and put in the roads. When this land was subdivided, Henry LaFreniere sold the lots privately. He worked as a truck driver and also sold peat moss from his land. Mr. LaFreniere died in the Okanagan in 1967 but is buried in Prince George. […] The LaFrenieres’ son, Eugene, died at a young age in 1966. Eugene had lived in the United Stted but moved to Prince George after his parents moved here.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.103.)

EXLOU: Just south of Barriere on the North Thompson River. “South of Louis Creek [the community of] “Exlou” appeared, fabricated from the Latin ex (“out of”) and the first letters of Louis.” Muriel Poulton Dunford, North River: The Story of BC’s North Thompson Valley & Yellowhead Highway 5, Sonotek Publishing, Merritt, 2000, p.223).

-F-

FALAISE PARK, VANCOUVER: -https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falaise Park : Falaise Park is a large urban park in East Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It is located on Vancouver-Burnaby border, between Rupert Street and Boundary Road, just south of Rupert Station of the Millennium Line.[1]

Falaise Park consists of two parts, an upper one and a lower one, separated by an elementary school. Both have children's playgrounds. The lower half that borders on Grandview Highway also has sports facilities.[2]

References1 "Falaise Park Vancouver". Petsmo. Retrieved 26 January 2010.

2 "Falaise Park listing on Vancouver Park Board website".

-http://covapp.vancouver.ca/parkfinder/parkdetail.aspx?inparkid=153 :With four adjacent sections, Falaise Park stretches into the surrounding community. The rolling slopes are pleasant to walk, with tree-framed views of Vancouver and Burnaby available from nearly all corners of the park. The slopes that afford the expansive views also provide prime sledding ground for winter fun.The Park Board named this site on July 16, 1956 after a bounding street. The street was named for a small village in France famous for its military action during World War II.The Falaise Park Wetland Garden was officially opened September 24, 2006 transforming a previously boggy, turfed area into a perfect environment for specific native plants and wildlife.In November 2010, a fruit orchard was added (alongside Dieppe Drive). Twenty-five fruit trees—apple, cherry, plum, pear and peach—will provide an opportunity for the development of community stewardship programs. Students at Vancouver Christian School, Renfrew Elementary School and Windermere Secondary School will also use the trees as an educational tool for ecology programming. Falaise Park was selected as a site for the orchard because it offers good sun exposure and air circulation. A bug garden, designed by horticulture students from Kwantlen Polytechnic University to control pests and pollinate trees, will be installed in the orchard in 2011.

FANTOME POINT: (50o 47'00" 126o 55'00" SE end of the Polkinghorne Is, W of Broughton I, NE side of Queen Charlotte Str, NE of Port McNeill). Named about 1865 by Lt Daniel Pender of the Beaver in in association with Brig Rk and the Polkinghorne Is (qv). Charles Polkinghorne had been master of

26

the brig, Fantome, under Cdr John Gennys, on the Australian Station, 1850-56. The 438-tonn, 16-gun vessel, launched in 1839, saw service at the cape of Good Hope, off W Africa and S America, and in the Mediterranean before being decommissioine3d in 1864. (Scott, 196.)

FAUQUIER: Lower Arrow Lake (B-10). After F.G. Fauquier, pioneer rancher and fruit grower. In the 1890s, he served as government agent, mining recorder, customs officer, and first policeman at Nakusp. (Akrigg, 80.)

FERN CRESCENT, Prince George: “Westwood Subdivision was privately developed by George Cruezot on land purchased from the Prince George Gold and Country Club. When naming the subdivision, his brother Henry Creuzot, wanted the word ‘wood’ to appear, as wood plays such an important role in our economy. Several of the streets in the area are named after members of George Creuzot’s family. […] This street was named for Fern Ruth Creuzot [George’s wife].” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.165-166)

FEUZ PEAK: Glacier NP (D-11). This and nearby Hasler Peak, both part of Mount Dawson, were named by Professor Charles Fay and Herschel C. Parker of the Appalachian Mountain Club after the guides who accompanied them in 1899 on the first ascent of Dawson. Edouard Feuz Sr. and Christian Hasler were two of the Swiss guides brought out by the CPR to encourage wealthy alpinists to make expeditions to go Glacier, Yoho, and Banff National Parks. These men lived in Eidelweiss, a "Swiss village", just outside Golden. (Akrigg, 80.)

FINDLAY CREEK: flows E into Kootenay R. (C-12). Findlay (or more correctly Finlay) was a part-Indian son of Jaco Finlay, an associate of David Thompson. A prospector and fur trader, he found gold on this stream in 1863. (Akrigg, 81.)

FINLAY RIVER: flows SE into Williston Lake (J-7). After John Finlay of the NWC, who ascended the river (possibly as far as its junction with the Ingenika River) in 1797. The lower part of the Finlay River, including Finlay Forks (where the Finlay and the Parsnip came together to form the Peace), has been swallowed up on Williston Lake as a result of the building of the W.A.C. Bennett Dam. (Akrigg, 81.)

FINISTERRE ISLAND: (49o 25'00" 123o 19'00" NE end of Bowen I, Howe Sd, NW of Vancouver). Named after Finistère, the westernmost dep in France, or Cape Finisterre, one of Spain's most westerly headlands. The word derived from the Latin finis terrae, meaning "end of the earth", and was sometimes used on ancient maps to indicate land's end. The owners of the island, which is connected to Bowen at low tide, access their property through an artificial tunnel. (Scott, 199.)

FLAMEAU: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... Flameau... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

FLEURIEU POINT: (54o 05'00" 133o 05'00" N of Beresford Bay, W side of Graham I, QCI). Charles Pierre Claret, Comte de Fleurieu (1738-1810), was an influential French naval office and geographer who published a narrative of the 1790-2 round-the-world voyage of Capt Etienne Marchand, Marchand and La Solide, a well-built vessel equipped by French private interests for scientific inquiry and commercial trade, anchored at Cloak Bay for several weeks in 1791and charted the NW QCI, Marchand died in 1792 and his papers were lost; Fleurieu based his account on the ship's log and diaries of other crew members. The count had a notable career. In 1768, on the Isis, he commanded an expedition to test the newly invented chronometer of Ferdinand Berthoud. He became inspector gen of ports and navy yards in 1776 and played a key role in France's naval

27

involvement in the American Revolutionary War. Fleurieu occupied a number of senior government posts, including minister of the navy in 1790-1, and was the French official who signed the treaty ceding Louisiana to the US. He became a senator, and administrator and gov of the Tuileries Palace, wrote numerous books and published a famous atlas. He is buried in the Pantheon. Fleurieu Point was named in 1907 by Capt Frederick Learmonth of the RN survey vessel Egeria. (Scott, 203.)

FLEURY ISLAND: 53o 13'00" 132o 07'00" S of Lina I, Maude Channel, between Graham I and Moresby I, QCI). Victoria pioneer Frances "Fanny" Fleury (1836-99) marries Francis Claudet, superintendent of BC's colonial assay office, in 1863. He assayed QC coal samples from the Cowgilz Mine at Kagan Bay. The Claudets lived for 10 years in New Westminster, where Francis attempted, without success, to establish a mint for BC. The family then moved to London, England, but two sons returned and settled in BC in later years. Formerly known as Tuft Island. Claudet I (qv) is nearby. (Scott, 203.)

FOCH LAKE: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... un lac Foch... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

FONTAINE: Durieu, 1904, Henderson's Gazeteer & Directory, 1904.

FONTAS: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... Fontas... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

FOUCAULT BLUFF: (48o 54'00" 125o05'00" SE side of Tzartus I, Barkley Sd, W side of Vancouver I). Named for the 1st mate of the French ship Bordelais, under Capt Camille de Roquefeuil, which visited Barkley Sd for two weeks in Sept 1817 while circumnavigating the globe on a trade voyage. Foucault, whose first name is unknown, had served as a lt in the French navy; on the BC coast he explored Bamfield and Grappler inlets with the ship's boats. Roquefeuil returned to the PNW the following year, visiting Nootka Sd and the QCI. See also Bordelais Islets and Roquefeuil Bay. (Scott, 206-7.)

FOUGNER BAY: ... (Scott, 207.)

FRANCE WAYS: expression géographique traduite en français (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

FRANCHÈRE: un nom historique, dans le parc Jasper, celui de [Gabriel] Franchère, qui rappelle le célèbre traitant et auteur de Mémoires (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

FRANÇOIS LAKE: W of Fraser Lake (F- and G-6 & 7). According to Father Morice, the Indians called this Nitapoen (meaning "lip lake") because of its shape. Due to confusion with the Indian word neto, meaning "White man" (most white men seen here being French-Canadian voyageurs), the Indian name was mistranslated Lac des Français (French Lake), which became François Lake. (Akrigg, 86.).

Also Francois Crescent, Prince George, with the same antecedents.

FREDETTE AVENUE, Hudson’s Hope: Fredette Avenue is named after Dr. Louis Gilbert Fredette. Fredette came to Hudson’s Hope with the Jamieson party in March of 1912. Dr. Fredette was born in Quebec in 1869 and came west in 1907. He was a trained as a veterinary surgeon and was

28

married when he arrived in Hudson’s Hope. He applied for title on his homestead in 1915 but was refused, so he headed back to Quebec for the winter, returning in 1917 with his wife. In 1917, with the help of some of the other early pioneers, he built his house and was granted the title to his land. Fredette appears to have spent a large amount of his time in Edmonton. When he was in Hudson’s Hope his Medical skills were called upon often to help both animals and humans. (Hudson’s Hope Museum, http://hudsonshope.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/June-2017.pdf ) (Ventress, Cora, Marguerite Davies and Edith Kyllo. The Peacemakers of North Peace. Self-published, 1973)

FRENCH BAR: On left side of Fraser River, one mile below Strawberry Island. (Nelson, Denys. Place Names in the Delta of the Fraser. Vancouver, 1927.)

FRENCH BEACH PARK: W of Sooke (A-8) ... (Akrigg, 87.)

FRENCH CREEK: N of Revelstoke (D-10. During the Big Bend Gold Rush of 1865, some French-Canadians, former engagés of the HBC, worked this stream. (Akrigg, 87.)

FRENCH LAKE: see François Lake

FRENCH RIVER: la French River - traduction (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

FRENCHMAN’S CREEK: Just S of Barriere on the North Thompson River.

“When Louis Barrie and François Lavieur [sic] gleaned some gold from a tributary creek in 1860, it was called ‘Frenchman’s Creek’, and then ‘Louis Creek,’, which it has remained, usually with English pronunciation.”. (Muriel Poulton Dunford, North River: The Story of BC’s North Thompson Valley & Yellowhead Highway 5, Sonotek Publishing, Merritt, 2000, p.41).

FRENCHTOWN: Frenchtown's name was eventually changed to Lumby to honour its first English-speaking settler. (Barman, Jean. French Canadians, Firs, and Indigenous Women in the Making of the Pacific Northwest, p.399, note 29.)

http://www.monasheetourism.com/Heritage.html

The valley in which Lumby is situated is called White Valley, some say because of the white fog often found settled in the valley, others say it was named after George LeBlanc a French Canadian who had a mine on Cherry Creek and one of the first pioneers to settle in the area.

Leblanc's business partner was Peter Bissette (also spelled Bessette) who was the first person to pre-empt land in the immediate vicinity of the present townsite of Lumby and is described by historians as the founder of the French Canadian settlement at Lumby.

Since the late 1860's Lumby has had a few names including Bull Meadows, Bissit and White Valley. However in 1890 it was Louis Morand and Quinn Falkner who whould lay out the actual townsite. They decided to name the townsite after Moses Lumby the Government Agent in Vernon.

FRENCH TOWN, Fernie: La carte du Great Northern Railway à Fernie sur la rivière Elk montre un Slav Town, un Italian Town, et un French Town. (Scott, David and Edna H. Hanic. East Kootenay Saga. 1974, p.113.)

29

FRIGON ISLETS: (50o 25'00" 127o 29'00" E side of Neroutsos Inlet, N of Port Alice, NW Vancouver I). Edouard "Ned" Frigon (1834-1917), from Que, Came W to BC in 1858 to follow the gold rush. He was one of the first white settlers on N Vancouver I and established trading posts at several locations, including Hope I off the N end of Vancouver I and Koprino Hbr in Quatsino Sd. He opened a store on Limestone I, opposite Quatsino village, and built the Central hotel there in 1909, where he had earlier obtained Crown grants of land. The Frigon Islets were originally known as the Dog Islets. (Scott, 211.)

-G-

GAGNON PLACE - Central Kelowna area, short street off Hwy 97. Abel Gagnon was born in Chicoutimi QC in 1867. As a young man he "ran logs" on the Ottawa River, but by 1964 he was living in Vermont, where he and his elder brother Georges worked in a lumber camp. The two brothers soon headed W along the OR Trail, Abel travelling N into Canada, and Georges settling in Vancouver WA. From 1883 to 1885, Abel worked on construction of the CPR, and was present at the driving of the last spike at Craigellachie. For the next few years, Abel found various work, arriving on Okanagan Valley in 1892. He worked on SS Aberdeen, eventually rising to the position of stoker. Later found work as a planer at the local Lloyd-George sawmill inKelownaAt that time, he lived in a small cabin on Ellis St., fronting on Bernard Ave. He later traded this land and built a home on property at corner of Pendozi [sic] St. and Harvey Ave.. He became good friends with Adolphe "Joe" Marty and through him, met Joe's sister, Victorine. They were married in 1906 and had four children, Marcel, Abel, Yvonne and Madeleine. Abel worked on a number of local construction jobs, including irrigation systems and tobacco farms. Active in the local Catholic Church, in 1912, he was involved in the construction of the new church inKelownaAbel died in K in 1932, Victorine in 1955, at age 69. Both were buried in Immaculate Conception Cemetery on Casorso Rd. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.77)

GARNIER BLUFF: ... (Scott, 214.)

GARRARD GROUP: ... (Scott, 214.)

GASPARD CREEK: flows E into Fraser River (D-8). After one of the early settlers in the Cariboo, Isidore Versepuche [sic], also known as Vespuois Gaspard, who pre-empted on nearby Dog Creek in 1861 and built a flour mill, bringing in millstones from California. (Akrigg, 90.)

GASTON AVE. - Central Kelowna area - between Richter St. and Ellis St.Gaston A. Lequime, the second son of Eli Lequime, was born on Strawberry Island on the Fraser River between Hope and Yale. As a baby he drowned in a miner's ditch at Rock Creek in 1860. A third son was born to the Eli Lequimes in 1861, and also named Gaston. This Gaston married Marie Louise Gillard in 1885. He was fatally injured in 1889 while rounding up cattle for Isadore Boucherie near the present-day Rutland CNR siding. His widow later married Fred Barnes and moved to Enderby, where Mr. Barnes served as mayor of that town 191-21. After the death of Gaston, his daughter was raised by grandparents Eli and Marie Louisa Lequime in SF. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.79-80)

GAUDIN ISLANDS, PASSAGE, POINT, ROCK: ... (Scott, 215.)

GAUTHIER ROAD, Prince George: “Two Gauthier brothers fgrom eastern Canada owned property on the corner of Gauthier Road and Highway 16. In the mide 1960s they worked on road construction […]. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.161)

30

GENELLE: N of Trail (B-11). After the Genelle brothers, active in the Kootenay lumber industry as early as 1890. (Akrigg, 90.)

-After Pete Genelle, a French-Canadian lumberman with a sawmill in the area. Genelle was drowned in 1905 when he fell from one of his tugs at Nakusp. (“Why is it called that? Origins of some local place names.”, in Trail Journal of Local History, Second issue, 2004, p.37.)

GENEVIEVE CRESCENT, Prince George: “Genevieve Lake is located SW of Prince George and due west of Ahbau Lake.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.104)

GENIER : CHINOOK COVE: N. Thompson R. (0-9). This CNR station was formerly named Genier. Its more recent name probably refers to chinook (spring) salmon, which travel hundreds of miles from the sea to spawn. (Akrigg, 46.)

GILLARD DRIVE, Kelowna - Glenmore area - off Pinecrest Lane, off Mountain Ave.Auguste [spelled August in this publication] Gillard was born in France in 1925. At the age of 25, he sailed for CA, enticed by the gold rush. He arrived in central Okanagan in 1862, travelling from Hope with Father Pandosy. He worked at ranching and clearing land, finally staking out 320 acres extending from what is now Richter St. to Okanagan Lake. This later became the townsite of Kelowna. Auguste lived in an underground type of shelter (keekwilly). Some Indians passing by thought he looked like a brown bear coming out of hibernation with his huge red beard and long hair. They called in "kim-ach-touch" (brown bear). Bernard Lequime remembered this story when he named the new townsite, but though the name too difficult, and so settle for "Kelowna" (grizzly bear). August died in the Central Okanagan Valley in 1898, aged 73. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.81)

GILLARD CREEK: West fork of Bellevue Creek, 4 ½ m. long, 5 m. S of Kelowna; after Augustus Gillard who pre-empted at the site of Kelowna in 1862 and is curiously connected with its name. Born in France, 1825; blacksmith; California Gold rush, 1850; died 1898. (12th report of Okanagan Historical Society, 1948, p.204)

GINNARD POINT: (49o 08'00" 125o 51'00" SW side of Meares I, SE of Tofino, Clayoquot Sd, W side of Vancouver I). A French settle named Ginnard is believed to have built a home on the point in the 1880s. Nearby Ginnard Creek, Torino’s backup water source, is named for the same person. The feature is known locally as Spittle Point or Spittle's Point after Bill Spittle, who squatted there in the 1910s and '20s with his dog, Joe Beef. (Scott, 223.)

GIRARD POINT: 53o 00'00" 131o 40'00" NE side of Louise I, off NE Moresby I, QCI). Emmanuel Girard (1860-1943) was a pioneer resident of Queen Charlotte City. He arrived in the QCI about 1908 to take charge of the Moresby Lumber Co. sawmill, bringing his wife and four daughters (a fifth daughter and her millwright husband arrived soon after). Girard was such an efficient manager that the lumber company's director, James Corlett, was able to indulge his passion for mining speculation on a full-time basis. Girard died in Maillardville, the French-speaking community in Coquitlam. (Scott, 223.)

GIVENCHY ANCHORAGE: 53o 18'00" 132o 33'00" Head of Kano Inlet, SW Graham I, QCI). HMCS Givenchy, launched in 1917, was one of 12 Battle-class trawlers used by the RCN. It served as a minesweeper in WWI, then was employed by the Fisheries Protection Branch on the BC coast from 1919 until WWII. [...] The 40-m, 324-tonne vessel assisted the hydrographic service in surveying the inlets on the W coast of Graham I in the 1930s. HMCS Givenchy was later (1941-7)

31

the name of a naval shore establishment at Esquimalt for reserve and auxiliary vessels and dockyard administration. (Scott, 223.)

-The namesake for the HMCS Givenchy is the town of Givenchy0en-Gohelle, in France, where the Vimy War Memorial is situated. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMCS_Givenchy)

GOBEIL BAY: 53o 52'25" 128o 40'28" N side of Kildala Arm, just inside entrance, s of Kitimat). Gobeil Island (53o 51'54" 128o 42'06" Entrance to Kildala Arm, NE side of Douglas Channel)> Joseph E. Gobeil was a government employee who accompanied Louis Coste (See Ciste Island), chief engineer of the federal Dept of Public Works, as private secretary on a W coast tour of inspection in 1898. They travelled on CGA Quadra, commanded by Capt John Walbran, who name Gobeil Island. Nearby Loretta Channel and Loretta I. are named after Gobeil's wife. The Haida name for Gobeil Island is Elsdem, meaning "place of graves," according to anthropologist Jay Powell. (Scott, 224).

GRANBY BAY: 55o 24'00" 129o 49'00" W side of Observatory Inlet, W of Alice Arm, S of Stewart), Granby Peninsula (55o 21'00" 129o 49'00" Just E of Granby Bay), Granby Point (55o 25'00' 129o 47'00" N end of Granby Peninsula). The Granby Consolidated mining, smelting and Power Co operated a major copper mining and smelting operation here, 1912-35. At its peak the mine was one of the most productive in N America, and the nearby town of Anyox had a population of 2,700. The company was named after the Que hometown of its founder, Stephen Miner, who transformed a family tannery into a vast industrial empire. [...] (Scott, 233.)

GRAND QUÊTE: see MOYIE RIVER

GREGOIRE POINT: (49o 54'00: 127o 11'00" Between Esperanza Inlet and Kyuquot Sd, NW side of Vancouver I). Flying officer Leo Joseph Robert Gregoire was killed in action Mar 3 1945, aged 24. He was born in Alberta and was living in Vancouver, working as a plumber's assistant, at the time he enlisted. Gregoire, who was awarded the DFC after completing 26 sorties over Germany, often under fierce anti-aircraft fire, was a member of RAF No 153 Squadron, flying Lancaster heavy bombers, and is commemorated on the Runnymede Memorial in England. (Scott, 236.)

GROUARD: "From Grouard to Peace River the bad road made going nearly impossible...". (Coutts, M.E. Dawson Creek Past and Present: An Historical Sketch. Edmonton: Hamley Press, 1958, p.23.)

GUERRIER PLACE, Prince George: The street is named in honour of Rick Guerrier, a local businessman and partner in the development of the subdivision. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.107.

GUICHON CREEK, Burnaby: “Guichon Creek: Restoring an Urban Stream”, in Vanc. Sun, Sept. 14, 2010.

GUICHON CREEK, GUICHON MOUNTAIN: Guichon Creek flows S into Nicola River (C-9). After Joseph, Pierre, and Laurent Guichon, "Old Country French", not French-Canadians, who settled in the district in 1873. Joseph later founded the Guichon Cattle Co. Ltd. at Quilchena and became one of B.C.'s cattle kings. (Akrigg, 100.)

GUICHON SLOUGH, Nicola valley: On the Mickle Place, Lot 108 near Hwy 5A. An archaeological site of late fall or early winte rhomes of natives believed to be approximately 2500 years old. (Nicola Valley Historical Quarterly, 11:4, Dec. 1994, "Place Names", p.6.)

32

GUILLOD POINT: ... (Scott, 239

GUISE BAY: ... (Scott, 239-40.)

-H-

HEBER RIVER: flows SW into Gold River (B-7). After Heber [sic] DeVoe, a member of the party that in 1913 made the first survey of Strathcona Park. (Akrigg, 109.)

HELENE ROAD, Prince George: “Henry Theodore (1903-1967) and Helene LaFreniere, originally from the United States, came to Prince George in the mid 1950s from Chilliwack where Henry had a coal business. The couple bought a section of property off Highway 16 west and lived in the area from about 1956 to the late 1960s. Henry was self-employed and cleared the land, hauled the gravel and put in the roads. When this land was subdivided, Henry LaFreniere sold the lots privately. He worked as a truck driver and also sold peat moss from his land. Mr. LaFreniere died in the Okanagan in 1967 but is buried in Prince George. [This road was named after Helene LaFreniere.] […] Helene had a collection of over one hundred dolls.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.103.)

HENRY ROAD, Prince George: “Henry Theodore (1903-1967) and Helene LaFreniere, originally from the United States, came to Prince George in the mid 1950s from Chilliwack where Henry had a coal business. The couple bought a section of property off Highway 16 west and lived in the area from about 1956 to the late 1960s. Henry was self-employed and cleared the land, hauled the gravel and put in the roads. When this land was subdivided, Henry LaFreniere sold the lots privately. He worked as a truck driver and also sold peat moss from his land. Mr. LaFreniere died in the Okanagan in 1967 but is buried in Prince George. […] This road was named for Henry LaFreniere. It has been misspelled as Henrey on city maps.”” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.103.)

HERIOT BAY, HERIOT ISLAND: Quadra Island.... (Akrigg, 111.)

HOMFRAY CHANNEL: ... (Akrigg, 114.)

HORSE LAKE: see Chevaux Noyés, Lac des.

HUBER, MOUNT: NE of L. O'Hara, Yoho NP (D-n). After Emil Huber of the Swiss Alpine Club, one of the three climbers who in 1890 made the first ascent of Mount Donald. (Akrigg, 118.)

HYACINTHE BAY, HYACINTHE LAKE: Quadra Island (origine?)

-I-

IMPÉRIEUSE ROCK: 49o 16'00" 124o 27'00" N of Entrance Rocks, Nanoose Harbour, SE side of Vancouver I). HMS Impérieuse, a 7,620-tonne armoured cruiser with 14 guns, was based at Esquimalt, 1896-88, under Capt Charles Adair. It was the flagship of the Pacific Stations' cdr-in-chief, Rear Adm Henry Palliser. Before BC, it had been the flagship of the China Station, 1889-94.

33

Launched in 1883 at Portsmouth dockyard, the Impérieuse was something of an anachronism. It was one of the last vessels designed by the RN to operate with auxiliary sail power, a concept quite ludicrous considering the weight of the ship. The Admiralty's belief in the redeeming value of sail was so engrained, however, that it took until the 20th century for the old ways to be discarded. The Impérieuse struck the rock named for it in 1896. It was turned into a depot ship at Portland in 1905., briefly renamed HMS Sapphire, became Impérieuse again in 1909 and was scrapped in 1914. (Scott, 279.)

IRENE ROAD, Prince George: “Henry Theodore (1903-1967) and Helene LaFreniere, originally from the United States, came to Prince George in the mid 1950s from Chilliwack where Henry had a coal business. The couple bought a section of property off Highway 16 west and lived in the area from about 1956 to the late 1960s. Henry was self-employed and cleared the land, hauled the gravel and put in the roads. When this land was subdivided, Henry LaFreniere sold the lots privately. He worked as a truck driver and also sold peat moss from his land. Mr. LaFreniere died in the Okanagan in 1967 but is buried in Prince George. […] Irene was the LaFrenieres’ eldest daughter.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.103-104.)

ISLE PIERRE: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... Isle Pierre... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

-J-

JACQUES CREEK: In 1812 Alexander Ross headed an expedition up the Columbia River, then the Okanagan River, to establish a fur trading post in the B.C. interior. They established Fort Kamloops, and named Trepanier and Jacques Creeks. (Smith, Richard R. (ed.). Peachland: A Pictorial History of the First 100 Years. Peachland: Peachland Historical Society, 2008, p.1)

JEAN DE BEBEUF CRESCENT and PLACE, Prince George: Jean de Brebeuf [Brébeuf] was a Jesuit missionary and martyr who established the first missions among the Huron Indians on Georgian Bay.. […]. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.53)

JEUNE LANDING, JEUNE CREEK: ... (Scott, 291.)

JEUNE LANDING: Neroutsos Inlet, Quatsino Sound (C-6). After the Jeune brothers, Channel Islanders from Jersey, who manufactured canvas products at Victoria from the time of the gold rushes. This was a drop-off point to which the firm shipped tents, tarpaulins, etc. ordered by surveyors, loggers, and others. (Akrigg, 155.)

JOFFRE, MOUNT: Alberta-BC boundary (C-I2). After Marshal J.J.C. Joffre (1852-1931), Commander-in-Chief of the French Army on the western front 1914-16. (Akrigg, 126.)

JOSEPH ISLAND, JOSEPH ROCKS: ... (Scott, 295.)

JOSEPH'S PRAIRIE: The area round Cranbrook was formerly know as Joseph's Prairie, and here the Kootenay Indian village of A' qkis ga'ktleet once stood. (Akrigg, G.P.V. and Helen B. 1001 B.C. Place Names, p.47)

34

JOSEPHINE FLAT: Menzies Bay, VI (€-7). In 1895 the officers of HMS Nymphs attended an amateur performance of 'HMS Pinafore' at Nanaimo. Smitten by the charms of the girl who played the part of Josephine, the captain's daughter, they gave this name as they proceeded with their resurvey of the coast to the north. (Akrigg, 157.)

-... (Scott, 295.)

JOSEPHINE ROAD, Kamloops : Named after the ranch of Ed Fortier on Heffley Creek, which he named “the Josephine”, which was the name of his Shuswap mother. (Muriel Poulton Dunford, North River: The Story of BC’s North Thompson Valley & Yellowhead Highway 5, Sonotek Publishing, Merritt, 2000, p.238).

JOSEPHTE: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... Josephte... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

JOSETTE POINT: 53o 12'00" 132; 15'00" N side of Long Inlet, N of Skidegate Channel, Graham I, QCI). After Josette Legacé, a pioneer resident of colonial Victoria and the wife of senior HBC official John Work. (see Legace Bay) (Scott, 295.)

-K-

KAMLOOPS: "Kamloops" is the anglicized version of the Shuswap word "Tk'əmlúps", meaning "meeting of the waters". Shuswap is still spoken in the area by members of the Tk'emlúps Indian Band. (Tk'emlúps Indian Band, Tk'emlúps History, 2011. Accessed 2011-06-01)

An alternate origin sometimes given for the name may have come from the native name's accidental similarity to the French "Camp des loups", meaning "Camp of Wolves"; many early fur traders spoke French. (Kamloops, BC Geographical Names). One story perhaps connected with this version of the name concerns an attack by a pack of wolves, much built up in story to one huge white wolf, or a pack of wolves and other animals, travelling overland from the Nicola Country being repelled by a single shot by John Tod, then Chief Trader, thus preventing the fort from attack and granting Tod a great degree of respect locally. (Wikipedia)

KASLO: W. side of Kootenay L. (B-n). Originally the settlement here was known as Kane's Landing after George and David Kane, who built the first house here on land pre-empted by George in 1889. When a post office was opened in 1892, it took the name of Kaslo from Kaslo Creek, which enters the lake at this point. David Kane, who became the second mayor of Kaslo in 1894, used to explain that its name was an anglicized spelling of 'Kasleau,' the creek having been named after John Kasleau, a prospector who had arrived many years earlier as one of an HBC party that had come to get lead for bullets from the site of the future Bluebell mine. There is independent evidence for the existence of 'Johnny' Kasleau, and Kane's account has generally been accepted. On the other hand, we have the rival 'blackberry theory' set forth by I. William Cockle, an early postmaster at Kaslo, who wrote to the Chief Geographer at Ottawa on 17 August 1905: The name Kaslo according to the evidence of an old Kootenay Indian named Sebastian who claims that his grandfather told him the names of stopping camps on Kootenay Lake is derived from the word Cassoloe, a blackberry. The affix 'a' to this denotes a place where blackberries grow, this when modified by use results in the word 'Ah-Kas-loe,' by which name the place was known to the Indians - Kaslo, The place where blackberries grow. (Akrigg, 132.)

35

KEROUARD ISLANDS: (51o 55'00" 131o 00'00" Off the S tip of Kunghit I, QCI). Named by Jean-François de Galaup, Comte de Lapérouse, after Georgette de Kerouartz, a French aristocrat and wife of Paul-Antoine-Marie Fleuriot de Langle. Lapérouse, aboard the Boussole, and de Langle, on the Astrolabe, were sent by France in 1785 to circumnavigate the globe and search for the NW Passage. They sailed along the BC coast the following year. De Langle was later murdered in Samoa, and both vessels were wrecked in the S Pacific. Kerouartz was also the niece of the Comte d'Hector, naval cdr at Brest, the port from which the expedition sailed, and Lapérouse gave the name Cap Hector to the feature that would late be known as Cape St. James. The islands were also known as the Islas de Aves and the Ladrones by Spanish explorers, and they appear on other early charts as the Proctor Is. They were designated an ecological reserve in 1979 to protect large breeding colonies of murres, auklets and puffins. They are also home to BC's largest breeding population of Steller sea lions. (Scott, 305-6.)

-L-

L&A ROAD, Vernon: In 1907, a Belgian syndicate came to B.C. to buy land. Inbcorporated in B.C. as the Okanagan Land and Agricultural Company, the syndicate intended to commence commercial operations as well as subdivide land into acreages for Belgian émigrés. Elizaben Greenhow, who had managed her ranch for almost 20 years […] decided to sell. The L&A […gained] control of most of the agricultural land north of Vernon encircling Swan Lake. Soon, much of the land was put into fruit production. […] (Hurst, Theresia. Vernon and District Pioneer Routes: The Stories Behind Our Street Names. Salmon Arm: Vernon Branch, Okanagan Historical Society, 1997, p.110-111).

LABOUCHERE CHANNEL: W. of Bella Coola (E-6). After the HBC paddlewheel steamer Labouchere, which made her maiden voyage to British Columbia in 1858-9. She was named after the Rt. Hon. Henry Labouchere, Britain's Colonial Secretary from 1855 to 1858. (Akrigg, 147.)

LABOUCHERE PASSAGE, LABOUCHERE POINT: ... (Scott, 322.)

LAC DES CHICOTS: Stump Lake, or Lac des Chicots, ... derives its name from the fact that stumps and prostrate trunks of trees are found submerged along its edges, and even far out from the shore, showing that it cannot long have occupied this part of the valley. The Indians, indeed, say that some among them still living can remember the time when no lake existed here. (Dawson, G.M. Preliminary Report of the Physical & Geological Features of the Southern Portion of the Interior of B.C., 1877, Montreal, 1879, p.29B)

LAC DES ROCHES; LAC DE ROCHE : N. of Kamloops; SE of 100 Mile House. E. of Bridge L. (D-g). 'Lake of the Rocks,' on account of the many rocky islets in it. On the original HBC brigade trail (via Little Fort) from Alexandria to Kamloops, this lake has preserved the name given to it by the French-Canadian voyageurs. (Akrigg, 147.)

NOTE: Ce n’est pas le même lac que Roche Lake.

LAC DU BOIS: NE of Kamloops (Bulman, T. Alex. Kamloops Cattlemen: One Hundred Years of Trail Dust! Sidney BC: Gray's Publishing, 1972, couverture intérieure).

-“Because most of the early fur traders were French speaking, French names were given to many locations during the 1800s. Even the small lake at timberline near the north end of the range which was called ‘Hloolêu’, an Indian name meaning hell diver or grebe, became Lac le Bois. Much later, a school principal in Kamloops, Allan Matthews, apparently felt that for grammatical

36

reasons, Lac le Bois should be changed to Lac du Bois […] which indeed became the commonly used name for the entire area between Halston Station and McQueen Lake. (McLaren, Karen and Kenna Cartwright. Treasures of Lac du Bois. Kamloops: Peerless Printers, 1981, p.2).

-Lac du Bois Road: Gradually developed from a trail into a maintain dirt wagon road with both the government and the homesteaders taking part in its upkeep. […] In 1972 many of the curves were straightened out and the road widened. (McLaren, Karen and Kenna Cartwright. Treasures of Lac du Bois. Kamloops: Peerless Printers, 1981, p.95).

LAC DU CHIEN: in 1930 officially named Skaha Lake (Skaha is the Shusqap Indian word for dog) to recognize local usage (Akirgg, G.P.V. and Helen B. 1001 B.C. Place Names, p.158)

LAC LA HACHE: NW of 100 Mile House (D-g). Means 'Axe Lake.' Interviewing in 1946 a great-granddaughter of Peter Skene Ogden, the famous HBC Chief Factor, we were told that, after a mule with a load of hatchets fell into the lake (possibly through the ice), it became known as Lac la Hache. Confirmation is supplied by an 1871 entry in the diary of G.A. Sargison in the Provincial Archives: 'Derives its name from the Hudson's Bay Company having lost a lot of axes loaded on an animal.' (Akrigg, 147.)

- D'abord nommé "Lac à la Hache": carte dans Smet, Père de. Missions de l'Orégon..., 1848.

LAC LE BOIS : voir Lac du Bois

LAC LE JEUNE: S. of Kamloops (€-9). Originally known as Fish Lake. Renamed in honour of Father Jean-Marie Raphael Le Jeune, OMI (1855-1930), who arrived from France as a missionary priest in 1879. He served first in the East Kootenay, then at Williams Lake, and finally at Kamloops. Using the Chinook jargon printed in the French Duployan shorthand, he published for the Indians a number of books and one newspaper, the Kamloops Wawa (wawa is the Chinook jargon word for 'talk'). (Akrigg, 147.)

LA CROIX GROUP: )49o 090'00" 126o 00'00" SW of Vargas I, Clayoquot Sd, W side of Vancouver I)> George [sic] Wilfrid La Croix, born in 1909 in Tisdale, Sask, joined the Canadian Hydrographic Service as a junior engineer aboard CGS Lillooet in 1931. He ran the tidal section, in Victoria, from 1940 to 1953, doing surveys for the RCN in the war years, including a new one of Esquimalt naval base. From 1953 to 1958, he was chief hydrographer aboard CGS William J Stewart. He became the first Atlantic regional supervisor in 1959 and served as superintendent of hydrographic field requirements from 1963 to 1970, when he retired. This feature was formerly known as the Rugged Group but was renamed in 1947. Nearby Wilf Rock also commemorates La Croix. (Scott, 322.)

LADY LAURIER PEAK: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... un mont Lady Laurier... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

LAFOND’S ALLEY, Vancouver : Portait le nom de son premier résident, Alfred Lafond, qui tenait une salle de billard au 915 Westminster (auj. rue Main). Fils de Joseph Lafond et Geneviève Desmarais, né en 1848. Épouse Azilda Desmarais (1863-1944, Weedon QC). Ils ont un enfant, Lodivine, qui épousera Henry Joseph Allen à Danielson CT, et qui décède à Burnaby en oct. 1919.

LA FORME CREEK: flows W. into Columbia R. (D-io). After George La Forme, who was a packer in the area. About 1895 his pack train was snowed in around here, and the animals had to be shot. (Akrigg, 148.)

37

LaFRENIERE SUBDIVION, Prince George: “Henry Theodore (1903-1967) and Helene LaFreniere, originally from the United States, came to Prince George in the mid 1950s from Chilliwack where Henry had a coal business. The couple bought a section of property off Highway 16 west and lived in the area from about 1956 to the late 1960s. Henry was self-employed and cleared the land, hauled the gravel and put in the roads. When this land was subdivided, Henry LaFreniere sold the lots privately. He worked as a truck driver and also sold peat moss from his land. Mr. LaFreniere died in the Okanagan in 1967 but is buried in Prince George.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.103.)

LAGARDE CREEK: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français... la crique Lagarde... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

LA JOIE DAM, LAKE, CREEK, townsite, neighbourhood: d'après Joseph Zotique La Joie, de Terrebonne? Voir ce dossier.

LALONDE SUBDIVISION and ROAD, Prince George : « Edelbert Lalondecame from Arborfield, SK in 1951. He bought land west of Princ egeorge in 1957 and subdivided it. The history of the Lalonde family nad been extensively traced back to 1665. At that time, Jean de Lalonde came to Canada from Normandy as part of a military regiment. […] Edelbert is a seventh generation descendant of Jean’s son, Jean-Baptiste and, with eleven children of his own, maintained the dynasty.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.106)

LAMARQUE PASS: E. of Tucho L. (K-6). This pass through the Cassiar Mountains is named for the well-known surveyor E.C.W. Lamarque, who discovered it in 1934. In his typescript memoirs, he described it as 'about 5 miles long, of a wide U shape and, with the exception of a few scattered balsam firs and willows, quite open and treeless.' (Akrigg, 149.)

LAMBERT DRIVE and PLACE, Prince George:, J.B. Lambert was an alderman in the first elected council under Mayor W.G. Gillett. Mr. Lambert established one of the first general stores, located on George Street, around 1914. His daughter and son, Maurice, completed school in Prince George. Maurice later became a member of a large construction firm in Vancouver. For many years, Lambert’s wife an daughter had a Ladies’ Wear shop on Carson Street in Quesnel.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.50)

LAMBERT CHANNEL: between Denman I. and Hornby I. (6-7). After Lionel Lambert, RN, flag lieutenant to Rear-Admiral Baynes on his flagship HMS Ganges 1857-60. (Akrigg, 149.)

LAMBERT DRIVE, Vernon: Stehen Lambert was a farmer in Lavington in the 1880s. Born in Manitoba, and most likely a Métis, he was married to an aboriginal woman named Mary. Their children were among the first to attend the new Coldstream School in 1886. (Hurst, Theresia. Vernon and District Pioneer Routes: The Stories Behind Our Street Names. Salmon Arm: Vernon Branch, Okanagan Historical Society, 1997, p.111).

LAMBLY CREEK: flows SE into Okanagan L. (B-io). Formerly Bear River or Creek. The name was changed in 1922 in honour of Charles A.R. Lambly, member of a pioneer Okanagan family, who had been government agent at Rock Creek, Camp McKinney, Osoyoos, and Fairview. He died in 1907. (Akrigg, 149.)

38

L'ANSE AU SABLE: KELOWNA, Okanagan L. (B-io). The fur traders and trappers of the early nineteenth century called the place L'Anse au Sable (Sandy Cove). The name Kelowna (originally pronounced so that the second syllable rhymed with 'allow') entails a curious story. In 1862 one August Gillard pre-empted here. For his abode he had a strange dwelling, half shanty and half underground Indian keekwillee. Gillard was a great hairy man, and one day, when he crawled out of his dugout, some passing Indians, seeing a resemblance to a bear coming out of its den, laughingly cried out the word kemxtus (anglicized as kimach touche and meaning 'black bear's face'). This became the local name for Gillard and his residence. In 1892, when Bernard Lequime had John Coryell, CE, lay out the townsite, the question arose as to the name for the new settlement. The old story of 'Kimach Touche' was recalled, but this name seemed too uncouth. Then someone came up with the bright idea of substituting the word kelowna, Okanagan for 'female grizzly bear,' and Kelowna it became. (Akrigg, 133.)

LAPOINTE PIER, Vancouver: quai commercial dans Coal Harbour à Vancouver, au pied de la rue Salsbury, détruit par un incendie en 1958. Nommé en l’honneur d’Ernest Lapointe, député Libéral et Ministre de la marine et des pêcheries, puis Ministre de la Justice de 1924 à 1930. Il fut le lieutenant politique québécois et l’un des ministres les plus influents au cabinet de William Lyon Mackenzie King. (Encyclopédie canadienne)

LA PÉROUSE BANK (48o 45'00" 125o 55'00" SW of Barkley Sd, W of Vancouver I), La Pérouse Reef (54o 01'00" 133o 10'00" Off White Point, NW side of Graham I, QCI). Mount La Pérouse (53o13'39" 132o 30'37" E of Cartwright Sd, SW Graham I). Jean-François de Galaup, Comte de Lapérouse (1741-1788), was a distinguished French naval officer chosen in 1785 to lead a scientific expedition intended to circumnavigate the globe and search for the NW Passage. He had joined the navy in 1756 and participated in numerous actions in the Indian Ocean, off the US coast during the American Revolutionary War, and in the W Indies, where he was on the losing side in the Battle of the Saintes. In 1782, Lapérouse (as his name is most commonly spelled) and a small squadron destroyed Ft Prince of Wales and Ft York on Hudson Bay. He commanded the Boussole on his great scientific journey, while Paul-Antoine-Marie Fleuriot de Langle had charge of the Astrolabe. They sailed S along the BC coast in 1786, naming many features in the QCI, and were the first European navigators to record the existence of the bank now named Lapérouse off Vancouver I. In 1788, after crossing the Pacific, exploring the NE coast of Asia and visiting Australia, both vessels disappeared and were never heard from again. Not until 1827, when artifacts were found by Irish sea capt Peter Dillon, was it discovered that the ships had been wrecked in Vanuatu (New Hebrides). No survivors were found. Mt La Pérouse is the highest point on Graham I at 1,1120m. (Scott, 328.)

LARDEAU: N. end of Kootenay L. (C-n). After an early prospector. Lardo post office, opened in 1899, became Lardeau in 1947. (Akrigg, 150.)

LARONDE PARK, White Rock: Au 1806 – 130 St., Surrey, voisin de l’école Laronde (District de Surrey), au 1880 Laronde Drive.

LA SALLE AVENUE, Prince George: “It has been suggested that this was named after J. Lasalle, an American association with Cooke and Clark in the purchase of the South Fort George Townsite in 1909.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.150)

LASCELLES POINT: ... (Scott, 328.)

39

LAURENCE RD. - Benvoulin area - off Benvoulin Rd. Laurence Rd no longer exists; it was renamed "Pioneer Road" about 2005.Brothers Cyprien (b.1808) and Théodore (b.1810) Laurence were from St. Sulpice, Assomption, QC. By the late 1850s, there were living "out west". Cyprien married Thérèse, a Flathead native. in the fall of 1959, they left Fort Colville and headed N to the Okanagan Valley, accompanied by the Oblates. They spent the long and very cold winter of 1859-60 at the S end of Duck Lake. In spring 1860 they relocated, eventually taking up land at the site of the Mission of the Immaculate Conception (Father Pandosy Mission). Cyprien Laurence recorded his claim of 160 acres at the Okanagan Mission in 1860, the first land settled in the valley. Cyprien died suddenly in 1868 and was buried the same day across from the Mission site. Théodore did not marry. He died in 1880. Thérèse died in 1892, aged 55. At least 5 children were born to Okanagan pioneers Cyprien and Thérèse Laurence: Joseph, Marie, Angélique, Théodore and Éléanore. The latter married Joseph Saucier. There are still Saucier (Laurence) descendants living in the Central Oklahoma (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.113)

LAURIER AVE. - Central Kelowna area - between Gordon Dr. and Ethel St.Named after Sir Wilfrid Laurier, PM of Canada 1896-1911. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.113)

LAURIER PASS: E. of Finlay Reach, Williston L. (1-8). Named after Sir Wilfrid Laurier, Prime Minister of Canada, by Inspector J.D. Moodie of the NWMP. Moodie discovered this pass through the Rockies in 1897 while leading a patrol of four constables on a notable trail-finding expedition from the Peace River country to the Yukon. Immediately to the south of the pass is MOUNT LAURIER. A slightly higher mountain to the southwest is named after Lady Laurier. (Akrigg 150.)

-LAURIER COVE, MT SIR WILFRID LAURIER, MT LAURIER: ... (Scott, 330.)

-LAURIER CRESCENT, Prince George: (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.63-64)

LAUSSEDAT, MOUNT: N. of Golden (D-n). After Colonel Aime Laussedat (1819-1907), the Frenchman who in 1849 first applied photography to surveying. (Akrigg, 150.)

LAVAL PLACE, Prince George: “Named for the oldest university in Canada, a Roman Catholic co-educational school in Sainte Foy, Quebec. It was founded in 1663 by Bishop Laval, the first Roman Catholic bishop of Quebec City. […] (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.54-55)

LA VIGNE BROOK: From map conserved at Fort Langley historical site, BC. (Thompson, David. Map of the North West Territory of the Province of Canada From Actual Survey During the Years 1792-1812 [...].)

LEMOYNE DRIVE and PLACE, Prince George: Lemoyne College is located in Memphis, Tennessee. […] (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.54)

LAWRENCE AVE. - Downtown Kelowna, between Abbott St. and Burtch Rd."Lawrence" is "Laurence" misspelled. Brothers Cyprien (b.1808) and Théodore (b.1810) Laurence were from St. Sulpice, Assomption, QC. By the late 1850s, they were living "out west". Cyprien married Thérèse, a Flathead native. in the fall of 1959, they left Fort Colville and headed N to the Okanagan Valley, accompanied by the

40

Oblates. They spent the long and very cold winter of 1859-60 at the S end of Duck Lake. In spring 1860 they relocated, eventually taking up land at the site of the Mission of the Immaculate Conception (Father Pandosy Mission). Cyprien Laurence recorded his claim of 160 acres at the Okanagan Mission in 1860, the first land settled in the valley. Cyprien died suddenly in 1868 and was buried the same day across from the Mission site. Théodore did not marry. He died in 1880. Thérèse died in 1892, aged 55. At least 5 children were born to Okanagan pioneers Cyprien and Thérèse Laurence: Joseph, Marie, Angélique, Théodore and Éléanore. The latter married Joseph Saucier. There are still Saucier (Laurence) descendants living in the Central Oklahoma (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.113)

LAWRENCE Road, Kelowna: Au coin de Benvoulin et Casorso. Cyprien et Théodore Leurent (prononcé Laurence) arrivèrent avec le Père Pandosy en 1859, les premiers habitant blancs à s’installer en permanence dans l’Okanagan. (site internet Les rues de Kelowna : Une histoire francophone)

LE BOURDAIS LAKE: NW of Quesnel Forks (E-g). After Louis Le Bourdais, who grew up to be a cowpuncher, then turned telegrapher and served at Lac la Hache, Golden, Vernon, and Quesnel. From 1937 until his death in 1947, he was MLA for the Cariboo. To promote the Cariboo, he presented his fellow members with succulent beefsteaks wrapped in cellophane with small sacks of edible alfalfa. He was a marvellous teller of Cariboo stories. (Akrigg, 151.)

LEBAHDO: Slocan R. (B-n). This community takes its name from the Chinook jargon word for 'shingle' (for roofing). From the French "le bardeau." (Akrigg, 151.)

LEFEVERE AVE. (Lefevre misspelled) - Upper Mission area, off Seon Court, off Frost Rd.Alphonse Lefevre was born in QC in 1841. In 1878, he married Susan Walker (born at Hope in 1862, of Scottish and Native parentage), and they soon moved to the Oklahoma They acquired property in the Five Bridges district of Kelowna from John B. Moore and farmed this land for about 13 years. In 1891, they sold it and acquired property, including 230 head of cattle and 8 workhorses, from Isadore Boucherie for the sum of $10,000. This property was adjacent to Mill Creek, W of present-day Rutland. Thy had 9 children: Archie, Joseph, Annie, Mary, Alphonse, Henry, Maria Victoria, Norman and Léontine. Alphonse was very involved in the community, elected in 1880 as a trustee of the Okanagan School. He died in 1902. Susan remained on the farm for a number of years and then moved to 742 Wilson Ave. She died in 1952. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.115)

LEFROY, MOUNT: Yoho NP (D-n). Named by James Hector after Major General Sir John Henry Lefroy (1817-90). Between 1842 and 1844, Lefroy travelled over 5,500 miles in the Canadian northwest making magnetic and meteorological surveys. He headed the Toronto Observatory from 1842 to 1853. During the Crimean War, he investigated hospital conditions in Constantinople and became a friend of Florence Nightingale. He was Governor of the Bahamas from 1871 to 1877 and of Tasmania from 1880 to 1882. (Akrigg, 151.)

LEGACE BAY: (54o 31'00" 130o 14'00' E side of Work Channel, N of Prince Rupert), LEGACE POINT (52o 28'00" 128o 25'00" SW end of Susan Island, Finlayson Creek, NW of Bella Bella). Josette Legacé (c1809-96) was born near Kettle Falls, WA, daughter of a French-Canadian fur trapper and a Spokane Native American woman. She became the wife of HBC office John Work in 1825, accompanying him on his trading expeditions in the western US and joining him in 1836 at Ft Simpson, where he was in charge until 1846. During that period, Work visited the QCI, and in 1840, made the first census of Haida Gwaii, noting also the numbers of houses and memorial

41

poles. In 1849 the Work family moved to Ft Victoria, where John, now a chief factor and senior HBC official, purchased a large property and built a mansion, called Highside. He was later a member of Colonial Vancouver Island's legislative council, 1853-61/ Josette successfully made the transition to upper-class chatelaine and was known in Victoria for her hospitality and kindness. She outlived her husband by 35 years. Six of her daughters married either HBC officers or other prominent early residents of BC's capital city. Josette Legacé often appears in the historical record as Suzette, and Suzette Bay near Legace Point is also named for her, as is Josette Point in the QCI. It is uncertain, though, whether Suzette is an alternative personal name or an error for Josette. See also Work Channel. (Scott. 333.)

LEGACE ISLAND: (53o13'00" 132o 12'00" Kagan Bay, Skidegate Inlet, QCI). Named for Peter Legacé, who accompanied HBC chief factor John Work to the QCI from Port Simpson in 1850 to investigate rumours that gold had been discovered in Mitchell Inlet. He may have been a relative of Josette Legacé, Work's wife. RN surveyor Lt Daniel Pender gave this feature the name Triangle I in 1866, but the hydrographic service changed it in 1947. (Scott, 333.)

LEJAC: S. shore of Fraser L. (G-j). After Father Jean-Marie Le Jacq, perhaps the most saintly of all the priests of the Congregation of Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate. Father Le Jacq came to Williams Lake in April 1867. In 1873 he founded the Mission of Our Lady of Good Hope on Stuart Lake, by Fort St. James. From here he covered an enormous territory. Kay Cronin recalls interviewing an old Indian who had known Father Le Jacq: 'When I see Pere Le Jacq come, my heart cry,' said Louis Billy. 'He come from Babine. He walk; his blanket, his portable altar, his grub, on his back. And when he come, he cover his feet with his cassock because he has no stockings. But I see there is blood in his shoes.' Not surprisingly Cronin concludes: 'Of all the Oblate Fathers who had, or have since, worked among the northern tribes, none seems to have made such a deep impression on them or commanded more respect than did Father Le Jacq. Even today there are many among the Indians who are firmly convinced that the man was a living saint. And the tales still told about him are near-legendary' (Cross in the Wilderness, p. 134). Le Jacq died in New Westminster in 1899. (Akrigg, 152.)

LE JEUNE LAKE, PROVINCIAL PARK: Lac Le Jeune is a lake and provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located approximately 37 kilometres south of Kamloops or 47 kilometres north of Merritt. The lake is located within Lac Le Jeune Provincial Park, a 213-hectare provincial park run by the British Columbia Ministry of the Environment, and is a popular fishing spot for "fighting" Rainbow Trout, which was established in 1956.[1] It is a summer holiday spot with 144 campgrounds and the Lac Le Jeune Resort. The lake has had several names including "Batchelor", "Chuhwels", and "Le Jeune Lake". The current name was adopted in 1956 and commemorates Father Jean-Marie-Raphaël Le Jeune, a French Catholic priest who spent much of his life in the region. (Wikipedia)

LELERT'S RIVER: From map conserved at Fort Langley historical site, BC; on the left before Quesnel's River. (Thompson, David. Map of the North West Territory of the Province of Canada From Actual Survey During the Years 1792-1812 [...].)

LELU ISLAND: SE of Prince Rupert (G-4). According to Captain John T. Walbran, this island has the Chinook jargon name meaning "wolf" because it was 'infested' with wolves for many years. (Akrigg, 152.)

42

-...often spelled lelou or leloo, presumably comes from the French word for wolf, le loup. (Scott, 334.)

LEMIEUX AVENUE, Hudson’s Hope: Named after Joe Lemieux, French-Canadian settler, who was involved in building some of the larger buildings in the town. (Ventress, Cora, Marguerite Davies and Edith Kyllo. The Peacemakers of North Peace. Self-published, 1973)

LEMMENS INLET, N. of Tofino (6-7). After John Nicholas Lemmens (185097), a Dutch priest who, after a number of years as a missionary on the west coast of Vancouver Island, became the fourth Bishop of Victoria (RC). (Akrigg, 152.)

-(49o 12'00: 125o 52'00" S side of Meares I, just NW of Tofino, Clayoquot Sd, W side of Vancouver I.) John Nicholas Lemmens (1850-97) was a Roman Catholic priest from Holland who served as a missionary at Kyoquot in 1886-88. He was educated and ordained at Louvain College, Belgium, and came to Victoria in 1876, working first as pastor at St. Peter's, Nanaimo, 1876-83. He represented the diocese of Victoria at an important plenary in Baltimore in 1884. In 1888, he was appointed bishop of Victoria and became deeply involved in the construction of the new Roman Catholic Cathedral, St. Andrew's, which he dedicated in 1892. Lemmens died in Guatemala of a fever while raising funds for St Andrew's. The inlet was marked n charts as Disappointment Inlet until 1934 and is still known by that name locally. (Scott, 334.)

LEMORAY, LE MORAY PARK, MOUNT LEMORAY, LE MORAY CREEK: in the Peace River region in East Central B.C.. Area of traditional use by First Nations of the Treaty 8 Tribal Association.

Tucked amidst the rugged Hart Ranges of the Rocky Mountains, 43,245-hectare Pine Le Moray Provincial Park and Protected Area provides scenic splendor and a welcome retreat for visitors travelling the Hart Highway. Established as a Provincial Park in June 2000 with a Protected Area add-on in 2001.

Between the years 1943 – 1945 surveyors laid out the route for what we now know as Highway 97, or the Hart Highway. During the fall of 1945 construction on the highway began. In 1950 Mount Le Moray Lodge was built in the Pine Pass; the lodge mainly catered to the travelling public and to the construction crews building, maintaining and eventually paving Highway 97. The improvements of this Highway greatly facilitated access into BC’s north country. Eventually, with increasing use, the pine pass area of the Highway became a popular destination for skiing, snowmobiling, fishing, hunting, and camping. To accommodate some of the visitors to the area, a Forest Recreation site was established at Hart Lake. (BC Parks website: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/bcparks/explore/parkpgs/pine_lemoray/ )

LEMORAY (locality) adopted 13 January 1994 on 93 O/9, as labelled on provincial maps since 1972, in turn from Lemoray (railway point), identified in PGER timetables beginning January 1958. N side of Hwy 97 and Pine River, NE of Pine Pass, Peace River Land District

LE MORAY CREEK : Flows NW into Pine River, SW of Chetwynd, Peace River Land District

MOUNT LE MORAY : Just NE of Pine Pass, between Mackenzie and Chetwynd, Peace River Land District. Le Moray adopted 2 September 1954 on 93 O, in association with Le Moray Creek, in turn labelled on BC Lands' map 1H, 1917.

(BC Place Names website http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/41033.html )

43

LEMPRIÈRE: N. Thompson R. (E-io). Apparently after a civil engineer engaged in construction here of the Canadian Northern (now Canadian National) Railway. The railway was completed in 1915, and Lempriere first appears on a map of 1917. (Akrigg, 152.)

LEMPRIERE BANK, LEMPRIERE CREEK, MT. LAMPRIERE, LEMPRIERE RAILWAY STATON: ... (Scott, 334.)

LEO CREEK: flows SW into Takla L. (H-y). Formerly Leon Creek after Leon Prince, a member of a notable Indian family at Fort St. James. (Akrigg, 152.)

LEON – voir St. Leon

LÉON AVE. - Downtown Kelowna area, between Abbott St. and Gordon Dr.

Léon was the youngest son of Eli Lequime. Born in 1870 at Okanagan Mission, he married in 1893 Delphine Christien, a niece of Joseph Christien. In 1890. Léon and his elder brother Bernard bought the property of the townsite of Kelowna, which was registered Aug. 13 1892. Léon was Kelowna postmaster from 1895-6. He died in 1935 in Lewiston, ID. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.115)

LEOPOLD ISLANDS: ... (Scott, 335.)

LEQUIME CREEK: 10 m. long; enters Okanagan Lake 4 m. N of Naramata; after Éli Lequime (1811-1898), who settled in the Okanagan Valley, 1861; first PM, Okanagan Mission, Oct. 1 1872. Sold out in 1888 and moved to San Francisco where he died in 1898; his wife, in 1908. Father of Bernard Lequime, who founded Kelowna, 1892. (12th report of Okanagan Historical Society, 1948, p.209).

The Canadian Permanent Committee on Geographic Names ruled that Lequime Creek must jow be called Chute Creek. (Akrigg & Akrigg, 1001 BC Place Names, p.9)

LEQUIME ST. / RD. - Central Kelowna area, off Sutherland Ave.Some records indicate that Eli Lequime was born in Bordeaux, France, in 1811. His parents apparently died when he was young so he was raised by an uncle, Anton Lequime, who had a wine business. Eli ran away to sea at 14, and spent the 24 years travelling the world. He landed in CA about 1852, spent 2 years in the gold fields, returning to France in 1854. He joined the French Army & went to the Crimea where he fought at Sebastopol.. After the war, he met Marie Louise Atabagoeth (b.ca 1831 in village of Bau, France). They agreed to marry, and Eli left France in 1855, arriving in SF in early 1856, where he opened a French laundry, where Marie L0uise joined him and they were married in 1856. A short time later, they sold the laundry and moved to Marysville CA, where they opened a saloon. It was there that their first child, Bernard, was born. Eventually, the Lequime family moved N into BC, and by 1861, were living at the Okanagan mission, where they became well known for their ranch, store and hotel/tavern. Eli had the first blacksmith shop, post office and hotel-saloon in Kelowna. Eli was the father of Bernard Lequime, who founded Kelowna in 1892. In 1888, Eli sold his ranch and moved to CA, along with daughter and granddaughter. Marie joined him several years later. Eli died in SF in late 1898, Marie in 1908. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.68 & 115.)

LEROY BAY, LEROY ISLAND, LEROY ROCK, LEROY LAKE: ... (Scott, 335.)

LE ROUX POINT, Kamloops: To the east of St. Paul’s settlement Abraham Le Roux farmed on the point that bore his name; he was reputed to be the son of Joseph La Rocque and had retained the old

44

North West Company site. The land was later taken over for the Indian School. (Balf, Mary. Kamloops: A History up to 1914. Second edition. Kamloops: Kamloops Museum Association, 1981, p.121).

LEVESQUE BAY: (50o 39'00" 126o 22'00" S side of Gilford I, W of Stormy Bluff, at entrance to Knight Inlet). Middy Levesque began logging at Scott Cove on Gilford I around 1918, in partnership with Art McIntyre and Fidel Laviolette. According to author and local resident Bill Proctor, the trio constructed a sawmill near Loose Elk on Gilford I and used the lumber to build a dam at the lake and a flume from the lake to the beach. When the water level rose sufficiently, the dam gates were opened and all the logs that had been stored in the lake were guided to salt water by the flume. After about 10 years, Levesque and his partners moved on and were replaced by the employees of Triangle Logging, who used trucks and were able to operate more efficiently. (Scott, 335-6.)

LIARD RIVER: Yukon-BC border (L-5 and 6). Earlier known as the Riviere aux Liard’s. The liard is a cottonwood tree. (Akrigg, 153.)

LOLO, MOUNT: NE of Kamloops (C-g). After Jean Baptiste Lolo (1798-1868), possibly of mixed Iroquois and French-Canadian descent. He had a great admiration for St. Paul and hence, while at Fort Fraser, picked up the nickname of St. Paul, which stayed with him for the rest of his life. Later he moved to Kamloops, where he achieved such influence among the Shuswaps as to be accounted a chief. In Four Years in British Columbia and Vancouver Island, Commander Mayne has left the following account of his meeting with him at Kamloops in 1859: 'In the centre room, lying at length upon a mattress stretched upon the floor, was the chief of the Shuswap Indians. His face was a very fine one, although sickness and pain had worn it away terribly. His eyes were black, piercing, and restless; his cheek-bones high, and the lips, naturally thin and close, had that white, compressed look which tells so surely of constant suffering' (p. 119). To Maine’s amazement the ailing Lolo insisted on rising from his bed of sickness, mounting his horse, and accompanying him and an HBC man on their ride to the top of the nearby mountain, 'which we christened Mount St. Paul [today's Paul Peak], in honour of the old chief.' (See Paul Lake.) (Akrigg, 155-6.)

LOTBINIÈRE ISLAND: (53o 01'38" 129o 34'21" SE island of the Estevan Group, W side of Estevan Sd, SE of Banks I). Sir Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière (1829-1906) was Lt Gov from 1900 to 1906. This French-born lawyer and politician served a succession of Liberal governments in Lower Canada (1861-67) Que (1867-85) and Canada (1867-74, 1896-1900). He was Premier of Que 1878=79, and controller and minister of Internal Revenue under Wilfrid Laurier, 1896-1900, in which role he was noted for opposing political patronage. Laurier appointed him Logo of BC at a time of administrative instability, when the legislature was composed of quarrelling factions rather than organized parties. As an experienced outsider, Joly de Lotbinière was able to exert considerable control over an unruly assembly, refusing to accept one premier's resignation, dismissing a scandal-ridden cabinet and choosing Richard McBride as Premier in 1903. The island was formerly known as East I but was renamed in 1950. (Scott, 343.)

LOUIS CREEK: flows N. into N. Thompson R. (D-g). According to the CNR, the creek is named after Chief Louis of the Kamloops Indians, who used to come here to fish for salmon. On the other hand, Mary Balf, formerly of the Kamloops Museum, says that the name comes from Louis Barrie, a prospector who found some gold in the area in 1860. (Akrigg, 157.)

-Just S of Barriere on the North Thompson River. “When Louis Barrie and François Lavieur [sic] gleaned some gold from a tributary creek in 1860, it was called ‘Frenchman’s Creek, ’ and then ‘Louis Creek,’ which it has remained, usually with English pronunciation.”. (Muriel Poulton

45

Dunford, North River: The Story of BC’s North Thompson Valley & Yellowhead Highway 5, Sonotek Publishing, Merritt, 2000, p.41).

-site of a 7-acre fishing reserve (Dunford, p.101)

-the first post office in the valley of the North Thompson river was at Louis Creek, as of 1894, where a small community had established itself. (Dunford, p.157)

-“South of Louis Creek [the community of ] “Exlou” appeared, fabricated from the Latin ex (“out of”) and the first letters of Louis.” (Dunford, p.223)

- Louis Creek, an unincorporated settlement in the Interior of British Columbia, Canada, located at the mouth of Louis Creek on the North Thompson River[1] was named after Louis Barrie and François Lavieur who prospected there in 1861, finding some gold, so that the stream became known as Frenchman's Creek. It would appear that the name of Louis Creek was named in honor of Louis (Clexlixqen) also known by "Little Louis or Petit Louis" who was Chief of the Shuswap First Nations People in the Kamloops Region from as early as 1852.  Louis Creek Indian Reserve No. 4 is located nearby. There is two parts of Louis Creek, one running along Highway Five North on the Yellowhead and the other part is named the "Upper Louis Creek" which extends from Highway 5 and up into a separate valley that is near the present-day site of Sun Peaks. Eileen Lake is the headwaters of Louis Creek. The creek is 64 kilometers in length. The Community of Louis Creek suffered heavy damage from a forest fire in 2003. The tragedy struck the community of McLure and devastated Louis Creek. The nearest Community of Barriere was spared of the fire path, touching only the outskirts of the community. (Wikipedia, 21 March 2020).

LOUISE ISLAND: E. of Moresby I. (£-4). After Princess Louise, fourth daughter of Queen Victoria and wife of the Marquess of Lorne, Governor-General of Canada from 1878 to 1883. (Akrigg, 157.)

LOUVRE ALLEY: Vancouver. Early name of the alley behind the Louvre Hotel, 300 block of Carrall St. https://changingvancouver.wordpress.com/2012/11/13/the-louvre-hotel-carrall-street/

LUCERNE: W. of Yellowhead Pass (E-io). Named in 1912 by the Canadian Northern Railway because the site resembles the mountainous area surrounding Lucerne, Switzerland. (Akrigg, 157.)

LUSSIER RIVER, flows into Kootenay R. near Skookumchuck (6-12). Named by David Thompson in 1808 after one of his men, who had lost his kit in the Moyie River. (Akrigg 158.)

-M-

MAGICIENNE POINT: 50o 55'00" 127o 48'00" SE end of Vansittart I, Bate Passage, off N end of Vancouver I). HMS Magicienne was posted to the Baltic Sea during the Crimean War, where it was commanded by Capt Nicholas Vansittart after whom Vansittart I is named. .... (Scott, 353.)

MAILLARDVILLE: NE of New Westminster (B-8). After the Reverend Edmond Maillard, OMI, of St. Malo in Brittany. He became the first priest of the Roman Catholic parish of Our Lady of Lourdes, founded in 1909 to minister to the spiritual needs of French-Canadian millworkers recently brought from Quebec to work in the Fraser Mills. Maillard died in France in 1966, aged eighty-six. (Akrigg, 191.)

MALIGNE: le lac Maligne, nom français, au parc Jasper (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

46

MAMETTE: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... Mamette ... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

MAMETTE / MAMMETTE / MAMIT LAKE: Situé entre Kamloops et Merritt. Located along Highway 97C between Merritt and Logan Lake is a large water body that produces a variety of fish species for boat anglers. (http://www.fishingwithrod.com/articles/region_three/mamit_lake.html)Mamette Lake: Nicola Valley Missions 1882-1910 - Unlike the missions at Douglas Lake, Coldwater, Quilchena, and Shulus, Mamette Lake had no native population. French Canadians made up the bulk of this small mission. It was from Mamette Lake Mission that the first vocation to the religious life came in the valley. Delia Quenville became a Sister of Providence. (Lean, Pat. Sacred Heart Parish, Merritt, British Columbia, Canada. Merritt: Parish Council, Sacred Heart Church, 1986, p.27.

MARANDA ST. / COURT: Kelowna, Lower Mission area, off Raymer Ave.Hector Maranda, a carpenter, came to Kelowna in 1914. in 1923, he built a large shingle-sided family home on the N side of the 400 block of Buckland Ave., now the site of the Country Apartments (2010). His eldest son, Léo, now deceased, also followed in the building trade. The property which Hector acquired in Okanagan Mission was subdivided, with Maranda St and Maranda Court as the result. Hector died in K in 1967, aged 87. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.122.)

MARCEL HILLS: N. of West Road R. (F-8). Named by the veteran surveyor Colin Campbell, who recalled, "These hills were very wavy hills and there was an Englishman with me who said they looked like a woman's marcel.' (Akrigg, 164.)

MARCHAND POINT: (53o 34'00" 132o 59'00" NW entrance to Hippa Passage, W side of Graham I, QCI). MARCHAND REEF (54o 11'00" 133o 01'00" Off S side of Parry Passage, between Langara I and Graham I). Named after Capt Étienne Marchand (1755-93), cdr of the French ship La Solide , which visited the QCI in 1791 on its voyage around the world. He was born in the W Indies, at Grenada, and became interested in the PNW after meeting fur trader Nathaniel Porlock at St Helena in 1789. The 275-tonne vessel, built by the wealthy House of Baux in Marseilles to search out scientific and commercial opportunities, first visited Alaska, then anchored in Cloak Bay off Langara I for several weeks and made the earliest charts of Parry Passage. Deputy cdr Prosper Chanal, accompanied by Lt Louis Marchand, the capt's brother, also surveyed the NW coast of Graham I by longboat as fat as Hippa I. Marchand then sailed to Nootka Sd, Hawaii, Macao, Mauritius and back to France. He later died on the island of Réunion. The journals of Marchand, Chanal and ship's surgeon Claude Roblet were published in several volumes at Paris, 1798-1800, translated into English in 1801 and reprinted in 1970. Edited by Charles Fleurieu, these works contain important early descriptions of Tlingit and Haida culture. (Scott, 360-1.)

MARCHANT ROCK: ... (Scott, 361.)

MARGUERITE: S. of Quesnel (E-8). After an Indian woman who lived near here until her death at a great age around World War I. She has been described as 'a wonderful old person.' (Akrigg, 164.)

MARIO PLACE, Prince George: “Bernard Bedard came to Prince George from Ontario in 1969 and, in 1972, bought land on the west side of the Hart Highway, near Northwood Pulp Mill Road, that he subdivided. He worked for Northwood Pulp Mill as a welder, and was also in construction. […] Mario Place is named after Mario Bedard, son of Bernard Bedard. Mario was bornin Prince

47

George”. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.32.)

MARLEAU SUBDIVISION, MARLEAU ROAD, Prince George: “Mrs. Nora Marleau came to Prince George in 1950. She worked as a cook in logging camps and later purchased a grocery store in South Prince George. She purchased land west of the city near highway 16 West which was later sold and subdivided as the Marleau Subdivision. She had a son, Ed. All of the roads in this area are named for local loggers.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.107-108.

MARRON RIVER: S. of Penticton (B-io). Marron is French for a tamed animal that has reverted to the wild state. The Marron River probably got its name from the wild horses that were once numerous here. (Akrigg, 165.)

MARTEL: N. of Spences Bridge (€-9). After Eli (Joe) Martel, third owner of the ranch here. 'Small of stature but big in endeavour,' Martel established an eleven-acre orchard and, loading his fruit in a wagon, peddled it along the Cariboo Road. (Akrigg, 166.)

*Voir aussi CVA? NW 910.3 B18 Pam p.30

https://webfiles.tol.ca/museum/baskets/bios/rose_oppenheim.html

MARTIN ROAD: Kelowna, Lower Mission area, short road off Truswell Rd., off Lakeshore Rd.Named after Reg [Réginald?] Martin, the "galloping" lacrosse player for the Kelowna Bruins. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.122)

MATIER, MOUNT: (Francophone?) Is the tallest mountain in the Joffre Range, near Pemberton. After Tom Matier of Vancouver, reported to be 93 years old, who covered this total area as a prospector. Source: BC place name cards, or correspondence to/from BC's Chief Geographer or BC Geographical Names Office http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/6470.html

MAURELLE ISLAND: NE of Quadra I. (C-y). After Francisco Antonio Maurelle, second in command aboard the Sonera when Quadra took her up the coast in 1775, probably as far north as the Nass River. (Akrigg, 166.)

- ... (Scott, 368.)

MAURICE DRIVE, Prince George: “Maurice Drive was named after Maurice Clark. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.159)

MERVILLE: N. of Courtenay (6-7). When this area was developed by returned soldiers after World War I, they named the settlement Merville after the place in France where the Canadians had had their first field headquarters. (Akrigg, 172.)

MICHEL: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... Michel ... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

48

MICHEL CREEK; MICHEL PRAIRIE: S. of Crowsnest Pass (6-12). In 1906 Frank Harmer, the postmaster at Elk Prairie, wrote to James White, the Chief Geographer at Ottawa, that the settlement of Michel took its name from 'an old French trapper and hunter called Michel' who once had a cabin on nearby Michel Prairie. The person in question would be the half-Indian Pierre Michel, who accompanied the Flathead Indians on several of their campaigns and was admired by them for his bravery. At times he served the HBC as an interpreter. Michel has also been identified, less convincingly, as Michael Insula, or Red Feather, The Little Chief of the Flatheads in the 18505, and as Michael Phillipps, the HBC clerk at Fort Shepherd in 1864. (Akrigg, 173.)

MICHEL PEAK: Dawson Range, Glacier NP (D-n). After Friedrich Michel, one of the CPR'S Swiss guides, based at Glacier House (opened in 1886), who made various first ascents around 1900. (Akrigg, 173.)

MIETTE PASS: NW of Yellowhead Pass (F-io). Named after Baptiste Miette, a voyageur in the service of the NWC. He is remembered chiefly for his ascent of Roche Miette near the eastern entry of Jasper Park in Alberta. Walter Moberly recounted the story late in the nineteenth century in The Rocks and Rivers of British Columbia: 'One day, seized with a desire to get to the top of the rock, he, after a most difficult and dangerous climb, succeeded. The venturesome Miette then sat on the edge of the cliff, dangling his legs over it and smoked a pipe, enjoying the fine view his elevated station afforded; and from that day it has been known as "La Roche a Miette" by the Indian and half-breed hunters' (p. 88). (Akrigg, 174.)

MINETTE BAY: Kitimat (G-5). When Louis Coste, chief engineer, Department of Public Works, Ottawa, was in the area in 1898, he named this bay after his wife. (See Coste Island.) (Akrigg, 175.)

-(54o 01'13" 128o 37'41" Head of Kitimat Arm, just S of Kitimat). According to historian John Walbran, the bay was named in 1898 by Louis Coste, chief engineer of Canada's Dept of Public Works, after his wife. As capt of CGS Quadra, Walbran had taken Coste and his party to examine the heads of several coastal inlets that year as possible termini for a proposed railway to the Yukon. However, a 1924 report of the Geographic Board of Canada states that the feature is named after one of the seven children of Joseph-Israel Tarte, who was Canada's minister of Public Works, 1896-1902. The fact that Minette is often a nickname confuses the issue. The old First Nation village site on this bay, today a Haisla reserve, was known as Zagwis or Jugwees. Minette Bay Ck flows NW into the head of the bay. (Scott, 392.)

MINNABARIET ROAD, Ascroft : Streets of Ashcroft website.

MINNABARRIET RANCH: 9 miles north of Spence's Bridge; two old turfed roof log cabins beside the road formed part of the Minnabarriet or Basque Ranch. At one time a prosperous ranch, but the drying up of nearby streams caused the ranch to fail until only a small portion of the old acreage could be farmed. (Ramsey, Bruce. History on the Highways. Vancouver: Daily Province in cooperation with the BC Government Travel Bureau, 1966, p.26.)

MINNABERRIET CREEK: The Basque Ranch roadhouse, located between Cook’s Ferry (nos Spence’s Bridge) and Ascroft was established by Louis Antoine Minnaberriet (the original spelling of the surname). There is a minnaberriet Creek in the Cornwall Hills that appears with that spelling in the very early maps of the region. (Golden Country: Lost roadhouses of the Cariboo Wagon Road, Barbara Roden, 2017, website)

MISSION: N. of Abbotsford (B-8). Takes its name from St. Mary's Indian mission, founded here by Father Léon Fouquet, OMI, in 1861. The school, convent, and church were built in 1885 when the original

49

site became part of the CPR right of way. Mission, the junction point, narrowly escaped being renamed either New Seattle or Gladstone when in 1899 the CPR built its spur line to Sumas, Washington. Until 1973 its official name was Mission City. (Akrigg, 176.)

MISSION CREEK: Kelowna (B-io). Takes its name from the mission founded north of here in 1859 by Father Pandosy, Father Richard, and Brother Surel of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate. In 1860 the mission was moved to Mission Creek. (Akrigg, 176.)

MISSION GROUP: (50o 00'00" 127o 24'00" W of Union I, N entrance to Kyoquot Sd, NW side of Vancouver I). This archipelago consists of Aktis I (formerly Village I), Kamils I (formerly Mission I), Spring I and some smaller islands and islets. Pioneer Roman Catholic missionary Augustin Brabant first visited the main Ka:'yu:'K't'h' (Kyuquot) First Nation village on Aktis I in 1874 and erected a large cross on Kamils I. In 1879 he returned and arranged with village leaders for St Marc's mission to be established on Kamils I. by priest Peter Nicolaye the following year. Fr John Lemmens took over in 1883. A church, school, hospital and outbuildings were eventually constructed. In the early 1900s the mission was transferred to Aktis I, where a series of churches was built. Kyuquot village members moved in the 1970s to nearby Houpsitas on Vancouver I, In the early 2000s, Kamils I was uninhabited and used mainly as a burial ground. (Scott, 393.)

MISSION POINT: (49o 26'00" 123o 43'00" S end of Trail Bay, Just SE of Sechelt, Str of Georgia, NW of Vancouver). The name of this point, which is on the Tsawcome reserve of the Sechelt First Nation, presumably refers to the Roman Catholic mission established in nearby Sechelt by Fr Paul Durieu in 1862, at the height of one of the BC coast's worst smallpox epidemics. Out of the thousands of Sechelt people who had inhabited the area earlier in the century, only 167 remained at the Sechelt Mission by 1876. A series of landmark churches (most of which later burned down) were built at Sechelt, culminating in 1907 with the beautiful Our Lady of Lourdes. (Scott, 393.)

MISSION POINT: ... (Scott, 393.)

MISSION RIDGE: N. of Seton L. (C-8). Named after the mission on Seton Lake. The trail linking the mission with the Bridge River area went through MISSION PASS. (Akrigg, 176.)

MISSION STREET, MISSION HILL, Vernon: Okanagan Mission was established by Father Pandosy in 1859 at L’Anse au Sable, near Kelowna. In late 1862 Father Durieu of the Oblate Missionaries built a cabin west of BX Creek from which he taught the Indians, and which travelling missionaries used for shelter. […] Mission Street, which followed 34th Street on Mission Hill and along the Commonage Road, was then the main trail south to Okanagan Mission and was used to reach Kelowna until the highway along Kalamalka Lake was built about 1904. (Hurst, Theresia. Vernon and District Pioneer Routes: The Stories Behind Our Street Names. Salmon Arm: Vernon Branch, Okanagan Historical Society, 1997, p.44).

MONS: Named after a battle in the First World War.

MONT DES POILUS: When a Paris journal observed that, amid the honours for the generals, the common soldier should not be forgotten, Mount Habel was stripped of the name of an innocent German who died in 1902 and renamed Mont des Poilus. (Akrigg, G.P.V. and Helen B. 1001 B.C.Place Names, p.16)

MONTAGU CHANNEL: Howe Sound (B-8). After HMS Montagu, which served under Lord Howe when he won his great victory The Glorious First of June.' Captain James Montagu, who commanded her,

50

was killed in that battle. He had asked for the command of HMS Montagu since she had been named after one of his ancestors. (Akrigg, 178.)

MONTE CREEK: flows N. into S. Thompson R. (C-io). The map in A.C. Anderson's Handbook and Map to the Gold Regions of Frazer's and Thompson's Rivers (c. 1858) has 'Montee' where Monte Creek enters the South Thompson. Presumably this is a printer's error for 'Montee' (French la montee, meaning 'height of land'). The height of land in question is that between the Okanagan and South Thompson valleys, which had to be crossed by the early fur brigades. Monte Creek post office was formerly known as Duck and Pringle's. Duck Range and Ducks Meadow in this area take their names from the pioneering Duck family. Jacob Duck settled here in 1863. (Akrigg, 178.)

MONTIGNY CREEK: flows E. into N. Thompson R. (D-g). After Edouard Montigny, one of the HBC'S engages at Kamloops in the 1803-04, when the New Caledonia brigades used the Little Fort route. He helped Peers to lay out the Hope-Tulameen brigade trail. (Akrigg, 178.)

MONTROSE: E. of Trail (B-n). Named by A.G. Cameron, a Trail lawyer, after his hometown in Scotland.

MORICE RIVER: flows N. into Bulkley R. (G-6). Named after Father Adrien Gabriel Morice, OMI (1859-1938). For twenty years, 1883-1904, amid his missionary endeavours, Father Morice systematically explored north-central British Columbia. Working with only a watch, a telemeter, a compass, a mountain barometer, and a sounding line, he produced the first real map of the area. Controversy exists as to whether Victoria deliberately suppressed Morice's names for the lakes, rivers, and mountains first discovered by him, or if he supplied his information only after government surveys had established a different set of names. Certainly the relationship between the peppery French priest and the stolid civil servants in Victoria was not a happy one. Among Father Morice's books, mention must be made of his History of the Northern Interior of British Columbia. (Akrigg, 179.)

-MORICE LAKE and MORICETOWN: are also named after Father Morice. (Akrigg, 179.)

MORIGEAU, MOUNT / CREEK: W. of Columbia L. (C-u). After the first white settler in this area, Francois Morigeau, who arrived before 1820 and founded a family that is now widely represented in this district. Father De Smet has left the following account of his meeting with Morigeau in 1845: The monarch who rules at the source of the Columbia is an honest emigrant from St. Martin, in the district of Montreal, who has resided for twenty-six years in this desert. The skins of the rein and moose deer are the materials of which his portable palace is composed; and to use his own expressions, he embarks on horseback with his wife [a daughter of Chief Peter Kinbaskit] and seven children, and lands wherever he pleases ... Many years had Morigeau ardently desired to see a priest; and when he learned that I was about to visit the source of the Columbia, he repaired thither in all haste to procure for his wife and children the signal grace of baptism. (Life and Letters, pp. 498-9) (Akrigg, 179-80.)

MOUAT BAY, MOUAT COVE: ... (Scott, 404.)

MOUNT ST. LEON – voir St. Leon

MOYIE: MOYIE LAKE; MOYIE RIVER: flows SW into Kootenay R. (6-12). David Thompson named it McDonald's River after his clerk, Finan McDonald, while Governor Simpson called it the Grand Quete in honour of an Indian chief. The name Moyie or Mooyie is very old, however, and is a corruption of the French mouillé, meaning 'wet.' Lees and Clutterbuck, who were this way in 1887, had some bitter things to say about 'this water-logged Mooyie valley.' (Akrigg, 181.)

51

-[1808, le 23 mai] Des trappeurs français fréquentaient déjà ces régions montagneuses où ils avaient appelé MOYIE, c'est-à-dire MOUILLÉE, une rivière sujette aux inondations. (Brouillette, Benoît. La pénétration du continent américain par les Canadiens français 1763-1846. Montréal: Granger Frère, 1939.

-N-

NATION RIVER: flows NE into Parsnip Reach, Williston L. (H-8). Simon Fraser, recording his ascent of the Parsnip River, noted on 1 June 1806, 'We came to an encampment about 2 miles below River au Nation.' The next day he noted that the river was so named because the 'Big Men' (Sekanis) who live up it belonged to a different nation from those living at Trout (McLeod) Lake. (Akrigg, 185.)

NEDS CREEK [NED'S CREEK], SW of Pritchard (C-io). After Edouard de Champ ('French Ned'), incinerated when his cabin burned down in 1873. (Akrigg, 186.)

NE-PARLE-PAS POINT / RAPIDS: Peace Reach, Williston L. (1-8). Preserves the memory of the Ne-Parle-Pas Rapids, obliterated when the waters of the Peace River rose behind the W.A.C. Bennett Dam. Ne-park-pas means 'does not speak,' and these rapids received their name because they made remarkably little noise. Voyageurs coming down the Peace River, not hearing the rapids, could be into them with practically no warning. (Akrigg, 187.)

NEVAY ISLAND: ... (Scott, 424.)

NEVILLE POINT, PORT NEVILLE: ... (Scott, 424.)

NICOLA LAKE: NE of Merritt (C-g). After a famous Thompson Indian head chief, Hwistesmexe'quen ('Walking Grizzly Bear'), 1785-1865, who was given the name of Nicolas by early fur traders. The Indians pronounced this as 'Nkwala' (see Nkwala, Mount). The fur traders recognized Nicolas as the most powerful and influential chief in the southern Interior of British Columbia. The Anderson map of 1849 shows both Lac de Nicholas and R. Nicholas. John Tod, the old HBC trader at Kamloops, drily notes in his memoirs that Nicholas or Nicola was 'a very great chieftain and a bold man, for he had 17 wives.' (Akrigg, 190.)

NICOLAYE CHANNEL: (50o 00'00" 127o 20'00" Between Union I and the Mission Group, off N entrance to Kyoquot Sd, NW side of Vancouver I). Roman Catholic priest Peter Joseph Nicolaye (b 1850), from the Limburg region of the Netherlands, was educated at Louvain College, Belgium, and arrived in Victoria in 1876. He was a pioneer missionary on the W coast of Vancouver I, serving at Hesquiat, 1876-78, at St. Leo's (the Barkley Sd mission to the Huu-ay-aht or Ohiaht First Nation on Numukanis Bay), 1878-80, and at Kyuquot, 1880-90. Nicolaye became vicar gen of the diocese of Victoria about 1890 but was dismissed from that office in 1903 by Bishop Bertrand Orth for continued opposition to his superior's decisions. In 1908, Nicolaye managed to engineer Orth's removal from office and return to Europe under the shadow of a sexual misconduct scandal. (Scott, 427.)

NICOLE AVENUE, Prince George: “Westwood Subdivision was privately developed by George Cruezot on land purchased from the Prince George Gold and Country Club. When naming the subdivision, his brother Henry Creuzot, wanted the word ‘wood’ to appear, as wood plays such an important role in our economy. Several of the streets in the area are named after members of George Creuzot’s family. […] Nicole Avenue was named by George Creuzot after his granddaughter Nicole, the daughter of George’s son, Art.”. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince

52

George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.165-166)

NOEL CREEK: flows N. into Cadwallader Cr., S. of Carpenter L. (C-8). After Arthur F. Noel, prospector and gold miner, and his wife, Delina. He developed the Golden Cache mine and the Little Joe, Pioneer, and Lome properties before selling out to Bralorne. Delina, educated at a convent school in Quebec, came home to Lillooet and, at the age of nineteen, married Noel. She immediately took to going into the field with him. Leading the rugged life of a prospector, she had six miscarriages and prided herself that she had never carried a baby full term. In her house hung the skins of three grizzly bears. Built into her fireplace was a piece of ore from every producing mine in British Columbia. (Akrigg, 191.)

"To honour Delina and Arthur Noel, Dr. W.S. McCann of the Geographical Survey of Canada in 1919 named Noel Mountain and Noel Creek after them. ...". (Harris, Lorraine. Halfway to the Goldfields: A History of Lillooet. Vancouver: J.J. Douglas, 1977, p.14)

NOEL MOUNTAIN: "To honour Delina and Arthur Noel, Dr. W.S. McCann of the Geographical Survey of Canada in 1919 named Noel Mountain and Noel Creek after them. ...". (Harris, Lorraine. Halfway to the Goldfields: A History of Lillooet. Vancouver: J.J. Douglas, 1977, p.14)

NOTRE DAME DRIVE, Prince George: “Many colleges and universities are called Notre Dame, meaning Our Lady, the Virgin Mary. British Columbia’s Notre Dame was founded as Notre Dame College, at Nelson in 1950. In 1974, it wa sold to the province. Reopened in 1979 as David Thompson University, it closed in 1984. […] Now, Selkirk College has moved some of its programs to one part of the campus.”. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.56).

-O-

OKANAGAN MISSION: south of Kelowna (B-io). Was founded by Father Charles Pandosy, OMI, in 1859. It was the first permanent white settlement in the valley. Once one enters the United States, Okanagan becomes 'Okanogan.' (Akrigg, 197.)

ORIFLAMME PASSAGE: ... (Scott, 440.)

OTARD BAY: 53o 46'00" 1233o 00'00" N of Port Louis, W side of Graham I, QCI). Otard Bay and Otard Creek, which flows W into the head of the bay, were named after a close but unidentified friend of Capt Prosper Chanal, deputy cdr of the French trading vessel La Solide, who explored this area by longboat in 1791. La Solide, under Capt Étienne Marchand, anchored for several weeks at Cloak Bay in the QCI while circumnavigating the world in search of knowledge and profit. QCI historian Kathleen Dalzell reports that Otard Bay is probably the Stowe Harbour of Newton Chittenden. The Haida people, who used a trail from Naden Harbour to the mouth of Otard Ck, knew the bay as Tou-kahtli: tou meaning "The place of food" or "mussels", and kehtli meaning "an open bay or slough".

-P-

PANDOSY / PENDOZI [SIC] ST. - Central Kelowna are, main road N and S from Bernard Ave. to KLO Rd.

53

Originally surveyed from Mill Creek to Cawston Ave.,KelownaThe Kelowna Sawmill and later industrial development resulted in the street terminating 140 ft. N of Mill Ave. (later Queensway). Present-day Pandosy [sic] St. is gazetted from Queensway to KLO Rd., beyond which it become Lakeshore Rd. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.9)

Charles Jean Félix Marie Pandosy, O.M.I., as born in Marseilles, France in 1824, and arrived in the Okanagan in Oct. 1859. He had been ministering to the Indians in the Yakima area for several years beforehand. He, Father Richard, Brother Surel, Cyprien Laurence and his native wife Thérèse, Théodore Laurence and William Pion (their guide) made the journey to this area together. Pandosy, Richard and Surel made camp on the S end of Duck Lake, near the Parson brothers' farm. The Oblates made one other move before settling, approximately where the Father Pandosy Mission site is today on Benvoulin Road. Pandosy travelled up and down the valley and into the Similkameen area tending to spiritual needs. The buildings at the Mission included a house, chapel and school, made of logs. Pandosy called the are L'Anse au Sable, meaning "Sandy Cove". He died in 1891 of a severe chill after going to the Similkameen to perform a wedding. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.140)

PAQUETTE AVENUE, Hudson’s Hope: Named after Charles “Charlie” Paquette, 1911 pioneer settler. Charlie Paquette had a few packhorses and hired out as a packer in summer and he trapped in winter, his home cabin being on the south side of the river. Being in the packing business, every piece of rope was precious to him, so he made a practice of picking up every piece he found lying around. One day he picked up a piece and he also took the horse that was attached to the rope! ( http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/sgc-cms/histoires_de_chez_nous-community_stories/pm_v2.php?id=story_line&lg=English&fl=0&ex=00000559&sl=4419&pos=1 ) (Ventress, Cora, Marguerite Davies and Edith Kyllo. The Peacemakers of North Peace. Self-published, 1973)

PARENT ROAD, Prince George: “Mrs. Nora Marleau came to Prince George in 1950. […] She purchased land west of the city near highway 16 West which was later sold and subdivided as the Marleau Subdivision. […] All of the roads in this area are named for local loggers. […] The Parent brothers, Romeo, Paul and Maurice came to Prince George in 1951 from Zenon Park, SK.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.108.

PARIZEAU, MOUNT: (52o 46'11" 129o 14'02" N end of Aristazabal I), PARIZEAU POINT (54o 17'00" 130o 22'00" E side of Digby I, S end of Prince Rupert Hbr). As the federal government's regional hydrographer on the Pacific Coast, 1920-46, Henri Dalpe Parizeau (1877-1954) may have named more BC coastal features in his lifetime than any other person. He was born in Montreal, educated as an engineer at McGill Univ and worked first for the Montreal Hbr Commission. In 1901, he joined the federal Dept of Public Works as assistant resident engineer for Ont's Thousand Is district, then was transferred to they hydrographic survey n 1904. Parizeau first came to the W coast in 1906 to help George Dodge survey Prince Rupert Hbr after it was chosen as the GTP terminus. He remained in BC until 1909 as 1st assistant to Lt Cdr Philip Musgrave, his predecessor as regional hydrographer, then supervised surveys in Hudson Bay and the Great Lakes. During his long career as officer-in-charge at Victoria, Parizeau investigated nearly every part of the BC coast, at first with CGS Lillooet and then with the William J Stewart. A special interest in toponymy and regional history convinced him that the province's geographical names should reflect its heritage - and the efforts of its early settlers, in particular. He also felt a need to eliminate "the unnecessary and dangerous duplication" of names, which could make coastal navigation confusing and, in a pre-GPS era, could easily misdirect rescue craft in emergencies. As a result, Parizeau spent much time researching relevant regional names and was responsible for applying hundreds of them to coastal features. A certain lack of diplomacy, however, when dealing

54

with new names sometimes brought him into conflict with local residents - and with the Geographic Board of Canada, which held that old, long-established names should not arbitrarily and capriciously changed. Despite losing a few toponymic battles over the years, Parizeau did ensure that BC pioneers received widespread recognition on coastal charts. In 1946, the year he retired, he was awarded an MBE, for his work on secret naval projects in WWII. in 1967 a new survey vessel, CGS Parizeau, was launched, equipped with the latest research gear, ad went on a long career in Canada and the US, The conspicuous, 291-m dome of Mt. Parizeau, easily visible in all directions, was named in 1946. Many nearby features commemorate fellow officers of the hydrographic survey. (Scott, 407-8.)

PARLE PAS RAPIDS: "The same procedure [portaging] was repeated when we reached the Parle Pas. [...] Before crossing the Parle Pas we met some experienced river men in a skiff. Confidently they went over the rapids, but we dared not follow." (Coutts, M.E. Dawson Creek Past and Present: An Historical Sketch. Edmonton: Hamley Press, 1958, p.24).

PATENAUDE DRIVE, WILLIAMS LAKE: Named for Joseph Phillipe Patenaude, who came to the Cariboo from Lachute, Que. and established a ranch at 150 Mile. Later, he rented the Comer Ranch (where the Stampede Grounds are today). He eventually settled in the Horsefly area. (Williams Lake Tribune website: Barry Sale, “HAPHAZARD HISTORY: Williams Lake street names”, April 4, 2018)

PAUL LAKE: NE of Kamloops (C-g). Also PAUL PEAK, Kamloops. After the Indian chief Jean Baptiste Lolo, commonly known as 'St. Paul.' The latter name was frequently shortened to Paul. (For details see Lob, Mount.) (Akrigg, 203.)

PAVILION: N. of Lillooet (C-g). From the French pavillon, for a flag or a tent. In his journal for 30 September 1826, Archibald McDonald mentions 'An Indian from the Pavilion.' Commander Mayne tells us that, in accordance with the Indians' custom, a large white flag once waved here over the grave of one of their chiefs. The Shuswap Indian name for Pavilion Lake meant 'where someone broke wind over the water.' (For the legend behind this name, see James Teit, The Shuswap, pp. 752-3.) (Akrigg, 203.)

PEND D'OREILLE RIVER: flows W. into Columbia R., S. of Trail (B-n). Named after the local Indians. They were given this name by French-Canadian voyageurs because of their practice of wearing dangling shell earrings. (Akrigg, 205.)

PERRIER CREEK: voir PERRY CREEK

PERRY CREEK: S. of Kimberley (B-n). After Frank Perry, or Francois Perrier, a French-Canadian Metis who discovered gold here in 1867 or 1868. (Akrigg, 206.)

-Un métis français François Perrier (Frank Perry) a été le premier a trouver de l'or sur le crique Perrier (Perry Creek), un afflent de la crique St. Mary's. (Thrupp, Sylvia. A History of the Cranbrook District in East Kootenay. UBC Master's Theses, April 1929. LE 3 B& 1929 A8 T5 H5).

PÉTAIN: Named after Henri Philippe Pétain, one-time commander in chief of the French in the First World War. Born in 1857, Pétain delivered notable lectures at the École de Guerre for which he was decorated by King Ferdinand of Bulgaria. At the beginning of the 1914-18 was, he was Colonel of the 33rd Regiment of infantry at Arras. He distinguished himself in the retreat from Charleroi tot he the Marne. HE was promoted General of Division. In command of an Army Corps, he took Carency, breaking through the German front. In 1915, he was in command of part of the "Iron

55

Division" of Colonials in Artois and Champagne. Given command of armies at Verdun. (Nelson, Denys. Place Names in the Delta of the Fraser. Vancouver, 1927 [New International Encyclopedia])

PIEDMONT CRESCENT, Prince George: [Piedmont is French for “foothill”.] “Piedmont College is located in Menorest, Georgia. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.56)

PIERRE ISLAND: voir ISLE PIERRE

PIERREROY [sic] ROAD, Prince George: Pierre Rois, a French trapper, moved from the Prairies to Fort St. James in the 1800s. He met and married Sofie Bouchey, a woman of native descent […]. A son, Partrick Rois, enlisted and was killed overseas during World War I. Gradually, the father’s Christian name Pierre and his surname Rois became the family’s surname Pierreroi (spelled Pierreroy by some.) Pete Pierroi, another son, lived in a cabin on the banks of the Fraser for his whole life and old-timers referred to the area as ‘Pierreroy’s place’.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.106-107)

PIGEON AVENUE, WILLIAMS LAKE: Named for two brothers, Joseph and Moïse Pigeon, who arrived during the gold rush and became early settlers and ranchers in the Dog Creek area. (Williams Lake Tribune website: Barry Sale, “HAPHAZARD HISTORY: Williams Lake street names”, April 4, 2018)

POILUS, MONT DES: N. boundary of Yoho NP (D-ii). Named Mount Habel in 1898 after Jean Habel, a German mountaineer who had climbed in the area. Late in World War I, noting how the Canadians were naming mountain after mountain for French generals, Les Annales of Paris declared, 'We beg our allies ... to keep one mountain ... for the great hero of the age, the humble and fascinating Poilu.' The upshot was that Herr Mabel's mountain was renamed Mont des Poilus. POISON COVE, head of Mussel Inlet, Central Coast (£-5). Here in June 1793 Captain Vancouver lost one of his seamen, John Carter, who died from eating poisonous mussels. (Akrigg, 209.)

PONDOSY LAKE: S. of Eutsuk L. (F-6). A corrupted form of the name of Father Charles-Jean Pandosy (1824-91), one of the founders of the Oregon Mission of 1847. In 1859 he established Okanagan Mission near Kelowna. (Akrigg, 209.)

PORLIER PASS: N. of Galiano I. (B-8). Named by Narvaez in 1791 after Antonio Porlier, an official in Madrid. (Akrigg, 210.)

PORT GUICHON: Eraser R. delta (B-8). After Laurent Guichon (1836-1902), a native of France who took part in the Cariboo gold rush of 1861 and subsequently ranched with his brothers in the Nicola country (see Guichon Creek). In 1883 he left the Interior and bought and began farming a large tract of land here in the Eraser delta. The 'port,' once a halt for regular steamboat traffic, is now silted in. (Akrigg, 211.)

- (49o 05'00" 123o 06'00' S side of mouth of the Fraser river, SW of Ladner). This agricultural settlement was named after Laurent Guichon (1836-1902), from the Savoy region of France, who took part in the Cariboo gold rush and then ranched in the Nicola valley with his brothers. He and his wife, Peronne (1854-1922, née Rey), took up farmland in Delta in the early 1880s. Laurent, who was also involved in the hotel business in New Westminster, built a store, wharf and hotel on his property and later subdivided some land for a townsite. Port Guichon was the terminus of a

56

Great Northern Rwy branch line from Cloverdale, 1903-31; a rail and passenger ferry operated from the port to Sidney, connecting with the GNR's Vancouver Island line. A number of Croatian immigrants, mostly Catholic, fishing families, settle at Port Guichon. (Scott, 471.)

PORT LOUIS: Inlet, west coast of Graham Island, Queen Charlotte District 5B 132 NW. (Gazeteer of Canada: BC, 1966 ed., p.396.)

-christened in honour of Étienne Marchand's brother, Lieutenant Louis Marchand, by Capt. Prosper Channel. (source?)

PORTAGE INLET: Victoria (A-8). For centuries there was an Indian trail across the strip of land between Thetis Cove and Portage Inlet. After the naval base was founded at Esquimalt, Royal Navy men wanting to visit Fort Victoria would sometimes follow the Indian example and portage their ships' boats across here when the sea was running high in the Strait of Juan de Fuca. (Akrigg, 213.)

PORTAGE MOUNTAIN: Peace R. (H-8). So named in 1875 by A.R.C. Selwyn of the Geological Survey of Canada. Because of the rapids in the canyon of the Peace River before the building of the W.A.C. Bennett Dam, canoes were generally portaged past the mountain. (Akrigg, 213.)

PORTAGE PARK: Langley

PORTE D'ENFER CANYON : (Little) Hell's Gate.

-Named by Louis Battenotte, the Assiniboine Métis français who was guide to Milton and Cheadle during their overland expedition of 1863. The voyageurs gave this name to various stretches of dangerous rapids hemmed in by rocky cliffs but none deserves it better than this (Akrigg. 1001 B.C. Place Names, p.139)

-... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... Porte d'Enfer... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

PORTEAU: Howe Sound (B-8). The name was suggested around 1908 by a Mr. Newberry of Decks Sand and Gravel Company. It is an adaptation of the French porte d'eau, meaning a 'water gate.' (Akrigg, 213.)

PORTEAU COVE: (49o 33'00" 123o 14'00" E side of Howe Sd, S of Furry Ck, NW of Vancouver). This feature appears as Schooner Hbr on a 1908 mining survey map. The name Porteau - a contraction of porte d'eau, or "water gate" in French - was apparently suggested by a certain Mr. Newberry, the accountant of the Deeks Sand & Gravel Co, which operated a quarry at the site in the early 1900s. John Frederick Deeks, owner of the gravel pit, was also Postmaster of Porteau post office, open 1912-28. The PGE reserved land for a station at Porteau before 1914, but the line was not built through this area until1955. A summer resort, with daily Union steamship service, was developed for Vancouver visitors. It was known at first as Porteau Landing but had its name changed, by petition, to Glen Eden in 1953. A 50-ha provincial marine park was established at the cove in 1981, with an artificial reef of five sunken ships offshore for scuba divers. The present name was officially restored in 1983. (Scott, 470.)

PORTE D'ENFER CANYON: N. Thompson R. (D-io). Named by Louis Battenotte, a Metis guide to Milton and Cheadle during their overland expedition of 1863. The French-Canadian voyageurs gave this name of 'Hell's Gate' to various stretches of dangerous rapids hemmed in by cliffs. (Akrigg, 213.)

57

POUCE COUPÉ; POUCE COUPÉ CREEK; POUCE COUPÉ RIVER: SE of Dawson Creek (H-g). This unusual name of 'Cut Thumb' comes from a Sekani trapper nicknamed 'Pouce Coupe' by the French-Canadian voyageurs because he had lost a thumb in an accident with his gun. Simon Eraser mentions the Indian Pouce Coupe as early as 1806. CUT THUMB CREEK, which flows into the Parsnip River, is also named after him. (Akrigg, 214.)

POUCE COUPÉ PRAIRIE: trapping territory of Beaver Indians Posscapee, 2.6 miles east of Pouce Coupé. (Ramsey, Bruce. History of the Highways. Vancouver: Vancouver Province, 1966, p.45)

"The first settler aon the Pouce Coupe Prairie was nother disappointed goldseeker [Hector Tremblay]. (Coutts, M.E. Dawson Creek Past and Present: An Historical Sketch. Edmonton: Hamley Press, 1958, p.20.)

POUPORE: N. of Trail (B-n). After J.E. Poupore, a railway contractor and lumberman once active in the Kootenays. (Akrigg, 214.)

-French-Canadian Poupore had lumbering and logging businesses at Trail, Genelle and Nakusp. He was a brother-in-law of Pete Genelle, the men having married the Goepel sisters of Trail. (“Why is it called that? Origins of some local place names.”, in Trail Journal of Local History, Second issue, 2004, p.37.)

PRASSE PATOU CREEK: cette crique Prassepatou qui est sûrement la prononciation fautive de Passe-partout (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Briitannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

PREMIER RANGE: NE of Wells Gray Park (E-io). Mountains in this range are named after prime ministers of Canada: Sir John Abbott, R.B. Bennett, Sir Mackenzie Bowell, Mackenzie King, Sir Wilfrid Laurier, Arthur Meighen, Lester Pearson, and Louis St. Laurent. Some other prime ministers have mountains elsewhere in the province. (Akrigg, 215.)

PREVOST ISLAND: E. of Saltspring I. (A-8). After Captain James Charles Prevost, RN (1810-91). He first served on the Pacific coast in 1850 with the rank of commander on HMS Portland, flagship of his father-in-law, Rear Admiral Moresby. He was here again in 1853 commanding HMS Virago. Promoted to captain, Prevost was on the Pacific Station again from 1857 to 1860, commanding HMS Satellite. He was a British commissioner for the settlement of the San Juan boundary dispute with the United States. In later years he rose to the rank of admiral. He was an earnest evangelical, deeply involved in the missionary activities of the Church of England on this coast. (Akrigg, 215.)

PRIDEAUX HAVEN : baie du côté est de l’île Eveleigh, Desolation Sound. Source du nom ? http://www4.rncan.gc.ca/search-place-names/unique/JBLVC

PRIDEAUX STREET, NANAIMO : Origine ?

PRIEST RAPIDS: traduction en anglais d'un terme français (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Briitannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

PRIEST'S VALLEY: see VERNON

PRIDEAUX HAVENPRINCIPE CHANNEL: E. of Banks I. (F-4). Named Canal del Principe in 1792 by Facinto Caamano, commanding the Spanish frigate Aranzazu. (Akrigg, 216.)

58

-Q-

QUEBEC STREET, Prince George: Named for the province. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.72)

QUENNELL LAKE: N. of Ladysmith (B-8). Commemorates an RN deserter who became mayor of Nanaimo and somewhere along the way changed his name from Pannell to Quennell. He arrived in Nanaimo in 1864 and worked as a miner, steamboat hand, and farmer before founding a successful butcher business. (Akrigg, 221.)

QUENTIN LAKE: Kwadacha Wilderness Park (}--j). US airman, killed at the front on 14 July 1918. After Quentin Roosevelt, US airman, killed at the front on 14 July 1918. (Akrigg, 221.)

QUENTON AVENUE, Prince George: Named after the lake. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.105)

QUERIN'S HILL: From what we know as Querin's hill, they [Lee and Lloyd Miller] viewed their home site...". (Coutts, M.E. Dawson Creek Past and Present: An Historical Sketch. Edmonton: Hamley Press, 1958, p.23.)

QUESNEL; QUESNEL LAKE; QUESNEL RIVER: flows NW and SW into Eraser R. (E-8). Returning from his journey to the mouth of the Eraser River, Simon Eraser noted in his journal for i August 1808, 'Debarked at Quesnel's River.' The Quesnel for whom he had named this river was Jules Maurice Quesnel, one of the two clerks of the NWC who accompanied him on his historic journey. Quesnel was at this time a young man of twenty-two. He left the fur trade three years later. In his final years, he played an active part in Quebec politics, being a member first of the Special Council of Lower Canada, and then of the Legislative Council of the united province of Canada. He died in 1842. Quesnel River was at one time also known as Swift River. The ghost town of Quesnel Forks, or Forks City, was the earliest of the Cariboo gold camps. The town of Quesnel was once known as 'Quesnelle Mouth.' (Akrigg, 221.)

-Most folk say "Quinnel". In very old diaries, Quesnel is referred to as "Canal", the true French pronunciation of the river which Simon Fraser named for his French-Canadian lieutenant Jules-Maurice Quesnel in 1809. (Lindsay, F.W. Cariboo Yarns. Kelowna: Regatta City Press, ca. 1962, p.32).

-QUESNEL AVENUE, Prince George: After Jules Maurice Quesnel. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.154)

QUESNEL RD. : Central Kelowna are, off Gosnell Rd., off Gordon Dr.Art & Ted Quesnel lived on the Christien Ranch. The boys managed the ranch for Mr. Christien until his death in 1916. The Quesnel family were pioneer residents of the Lumby area. Arthur Quesnel died in K in 1973, aged 76. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.146)

-R-

59

RAUSH RIVER: flows N. into upper Fraser R. (F-g). This was originally Riviere au Shuswap (the Shuswap Indians did extend this far north). This was shown on maps first as R au Shuswap, then as R au Sh, and finally as Raush River. The name Raush Valley was used when a post office was opened in the area in 1915. (Akrigg, 224.)

REVERIE PASSAGE: ... (Scott, 499.)

REYNARD POINT: ... (Scott, 499-500.)

RICHET STREET, Prince George: “David and Ethel Richet moved to Prince George in 141 from Flin Flon, Manitoba. They had six children: Lyle, Ivan, John, Ron, Doreen and Lolita. […] (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.31)

RIDEAU DRIVE, Prince George: “Previously named Massey, perhaps after Massey Hall, part of the University of Toronto. After Amalgmation, the street was renamed Rideau, possibly after Rideau Hall in Ottawa, the official residence of the Governor General of Canada.” (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.57)

RIONDEL: E. side of Kootenay L. (B-n). After Count Edouard Riondel, president of the French-owned Canadian Metal Company, which in 1905 acquired the famous Bluebell mine and renovated the smelter here. (Akrigg, 227.)

RIOUX LAKE, entre 100 Mile house et Clearwater: Ernest (Ed) Rioux, who was born in Quebec, first came to Green Lake in 1914.He pre-empted Lot 1915 but his interest soon turned from farming to trapping. His trapline extended for over 160 kilometres, with his headquarters sometimes at Roe Lake, sometimes at Rious Lake near Clearwater. About 1934, he sold his lucrative trapline […] and moved to the East Kootenays. He died in 1953 in White Rock. (MacPherson, Barbara. The Land on Which We Live - Life on the Cariboo Plateau: 70 Mile house to Bridge Lake. Halfmoon Bay, BC: Caitlin Press, 2017, p.225-226).

RIPON ISLAND: ... (Scott, 503.)

RIPPON POINT: ... (Scott, 503.)

RISQUÉE CREEK: Riske Creek

-... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... la crique Risquée ... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Briitannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

RIVIÈRE À LA CACHE: "Captain St. Paul Lolo [...] guided them [the Royal Engineers] down the Thompson River to Riviere a la Cache (Cache Creek), through Riviere Au Chapeau (Hat Creek), and through the Marble Canyon to Pavilomn (Pavilion)." (Harris, Lorraine. Halfway to the Goldfields: A History of Lillooet. Vancouver: J.J. Douglas, 1977, p.14

RIVIÈRE AUX CHAPEAUX: ...the Rivière aux Chapeaux, a feeder of the Bonaparte, now called Hat Creek. This stream ... derives its name from an Indian habitation connected with a large granitic stone on its left bank, indented with several hat-like cavities... (Anderson, A.C History of the Northwest Coast, manuscript, p.58)

60

"Captain St. Paul Lolo [...] guided them [the Royal Engineers] down the Thompson River to Riviere a la Cache (Cache Creek), through Riviere Au Chapeau (Hat Creek), and through the Marble Canyon to Pavilomn (Pavilion)." (Harris, Lorraine. Halfway to the Goldfields: A History of Lillooet. Vancouver: J.J. Douglas, 1977, p.14)

RIVIÈRE AUX SERPENTS: Early name for Shingle Creek (Akrigg, G.P.V. and Helen B. 1001 B.C. Place Names, p.156)

RIVIÈRE DE COLUMNEETZA: "...the San Jose River, which winds its pretty way up from Lac La Hache, was once called the Rivière de Columneetza. [...] William's Lake - also called Columetze [sic] is about forty miles south of Fort Elexandria...". Stangoe, Irene. Looking Back at the Cariboo-Chilcotin. Surrey: Heritage House, 1997, p.102-3.

RIVIÈRE DE JACQUES: Former name of TRÉPANIER CREEK. Jacques was one of Alexander Ross's men NW Col. before 1817. (Akrigg, G.P.V. and Helen B. 1001 B.C. Place Names, p.172)

ROCHE BONHOMME: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... Roche Bonhomme ... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

ROCHE COVER, ROCHE HARBOUR: ... (Scott, 508.)

ROCHE LAKE, ROCHE LAKE PROVINCIAL PARK : Entre Merritt et Monte Creek. http://fr.britishcolumbia.travel/accommlisting/kamloops/all/4541680/roche-lake-provincial-park.aspx

ROCHE-NOIRE: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... Roche-Noire ... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

ROCHER, LAC DU: Emplacement inexact, mais y serait passée la brigade du Facteur en chef de la CBH William Connolly en 1826. (Muriel Poulton Dunford, North River: The Story of BC’s North Thompson Valley & Yellowhead Highway 5, Sonotek Publishing, Merritt, 2000, p.13).

ROCHER DEBOULE [sic] RANGE: S. of Hazelton (H-6). This name, meaning 'fallen rock,' was originally applied to only one of the peaks here, that which had at its base a massive rock slide that had partly closed the Bulkley River to the passage of salmon. Simon McGillivray, who inspected the damage in 1833, noted especially 'two immense rocks' blocking the stream. He reported that the slide had occurred in 1824. (Akrigg, 229.)

ROCHER DES FEMMES, Kamloops: “The Indian medicine man’s incantations were supplemented by extensive use of herbs, collected by the women and used for specific ailments. Mount Peter was a fine source, known as Focher des Femmes.” Balf, Mary. Kamloops: A History up to 1914. Second edition. Kamloops: Kamloops Museum Association, 1981.

ROCHES, LAC DES : Entre 100 Mile House et Little Fort, dans le secteur central sud de la province. (Muriel Poulton Dunford, North River: The Story of BC’s North Thompson Valley & Yellowhead Highway 5, Sonotek Publishing, Merritt, 2000, p.30).

ROCKY MOUNTAINS. The earliest reference to these is that of John Knight, Governor of York Factory, who states in his diary for 1716 that Indians had told him that very far to the west there were prodigious mountains. First mention of their present name is to be found in the journal of 1752 of Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre, which refers to the 'Montagnes de Roche.' Rocky Mountains

61

is a translation of the Cree Indian name for them, 'As-sin-wati.' Seen from the east across the prairie, they appear as a great rocky mass. (Akrigg, 229.)

RONDEAULT POINT: (49o 26'52" 126o 25'56" W side of Hesquiat Harbour, Between Nootka Sound & Klaoquot Sound, W side of Vancouver I). Named by regional hydrographer Henri Parizeau in 1934 after Rev Pierre Rondeault (1824-1900), a Roman Catholic missionary from Que who was ordained at Montreal in 1857 and came to Victoria the following year. He assisted Rev. Augustin Brabant with the construction of the church at Hesquiat in 1875 but otherwise spent his entire career in the Cowichan district, where he operated a First Nation mission and also framed. Rondeault is best known for his work on the so-called Butter Church near Duncan. This historic structure, which still stands but is partly derelict and no longer used, was built of local sandstone in 1870, the work paid for through the sale of butter produced on Rondeault's farm. Rondeault Point was formerly known as East Entrance Point but was changed to avoid duplication. (Scott, 509-10.)

ROOSVILLE, E. Kootenay, BC-US border (6-12). When a post office was established here in 1908, it was named after Fred Roo, the postmaster, who had arrived in the country around 1899 and had built a store and hotel here. (Akrigg, 230.)

ROQUEFEUIL BAY: (48o 52'00" 125o 07'00" E side of Trevor Channel, NE of Bamfield Inlet, Barkley Sd, W side of Vancouver I). Lt Camille de Roquefeuil (1781-1831), in command of the French vessel Bordelais, circled the globe in 1816-19 on a trading voyage, attempting to find new markets for France, The vessel spent two weeks in Barkley Sd, mostly in Grappler Inlet, in Sept 1817, then wintered in California and returned to the Alaska and BC coasts the following year, passing time in Haida Gwaii and with Chief Maquinna at Nootka Sd. Roquefeuil's account, published in 1823, provides a detailed European view of early First Nation life on the BC coast. This feature was formerly known as Kelp Bay. (Scott, 510.)

ROSE POINT: NE of Graham I. (G-4). Named in 1788 by Captain William Douglas of the Iphigenia, after George Rose, MP. A writer on politics and economics, Rose took a special interest in trading voyages to the Northwest coast. A year earlier ROSE HARBOUR at the southern end of the Charlotte Islands had been named after him. To the Haidas, Rose Point was 'Nai-koon,' meaning, according to G.M. Dawson, something like 'long nose.' (Akrigg, 230-1.)

ROY: E. side of Loughborough Inlet (C-y). When a post office was established here, D. McGregor, the first postmaster, named it after Rob Roy, the Scottish freebooter, whose name was originally Robert MacGregor. (Akrigg, 231.)

RUNGÉ ISLAND: 53o 26'00" 129o 51'00" S side of Mink Trap Bay, Principe Channel, off W side of Pitt I). Named in 1944 by the hydrographic service after Patricia Rungé, a stewardess aboard the W coast government survey ship William J Stewart in 1942-43. She married WO Williams, a hydrographer who worked on surveys of Fitz Hugh Sound, Prince Rupert and Vancouver harbours, the Str of Georgia and Seymour Narrows from 1942 to 1945, and then resigned from service. (Scott, 513.)

-S-

62

SABLE D’EPINETTE: voir SEL D’EPINETTE

SAC BAY: (52o 32'00" 131o40'00" Off S side of De la Beche Inlet, E side of Moresby I, QCI). This 1962 name, bestowed by officials of the hydrographic service, is descriptive of the feature's shape. (Scott, 517.)

ST. AMAND ROAD, Kelowna: À l’intersection de KLO et Benvoulin, Monsieur St. Armand travailla à Kelowna au Machine Shop. . (site internet Les rues de Kelowna : Une histoire francophone)

ST. BERNADETTE PLACE, Prince George: At age 14, St. Bernadette of Lourdes, France, experienced over a space of six months, 18 visions of the Virgin Mary. She joined the Sisters of Notre Dame of Nevers and died heroically at the age of 35 after a long illness. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.145)

ST. EUGÈNE MISSION: N. of Cranbrook (6-12). When Father Leon Fouquet, OMI, founded this mission in 1874, he named it after a namesake of the founder of his order, Charles Joseph Eugene de Mazenod (1782-1861), Bishop of Marseilles. (St. Eugene, Bishop of Carthage, died in exile in 505 AD.) ST. JAMES, CAPE, S. tip of QCI (D-4). Named by Captain Dixon, who rounded this promontory on St. James's Day (25 July), 1787. (Akrigg, 233.)

SAINT JOSEPH: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... Saint Joseph... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

ST. JOSEPH'S MISSION: (Strangoe, Irene. Looking Back at the Cariboo-Chilcotin. Surrey BC; Heritage House, 1997, p. 6.)

ST. JULIEN: Nommé d'après une bataille de la Première guerre mondiale (source?)

ST. LEON, ST. LEON CREEK; ST. LEON HOT SPRINGS; MOUNT ST. LEON; LEON: E. side of Upper Arrow L. An early hunter and trapper in this area had relatives living in St. Pol de Léon, Finistère, France. The hot springs here were discovered by Michael Grady, a young prospector from Ontario, who built a lodge on the site in 1906. He went bankrupt in World War I but never left the place until he had grown too old to look after himself. (Akrigg, 233.)

St. Leon, formerly known as Leon and also known as St. Leon Hot Springs because of a mineral spring located nearby, is an unincorporated settlement and former hot springs resort and steamboat landing on the east side of Upper Arrow Lake in the Kootenay Country of British Columbia, Canada, located at the mouth of St. Leon Creek, between Nakusp (S) and Halcyon Hot Springs (N) (another spa/resort). The name of nearby Mount St. Leon is derived from that of the springs and settlement.

According to one entry in the British Columbia Geographical Names Information System, the name is thought to have been conferred by an early hunter and trapper in the area, who had relatives in Saint-Pol-de-Léon, Finistère, France, but another account says it was named for one of the many places named St. Léon in Quebec which also had a mineral spring. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Leon,_British_Columbia

ST. MARY RIVER: Named after Mary, mother of Jesus, by Père Léon Fouquet, Oblate. Mary was the patron saint of his order. He founded St. Eugène Mission on this river in 1874

63

SAMUEL ISLAND: between Mayne I. and Saturna I. (A-8). After Dr. Samuel Campbell, assistant surgeon, HMS Plumper. (See Campbell Bay.) (Akrigg, 234.)

SANDON: E. of Slocan L. (B-ii). After John Sandon, a French-Canadian. Sandon and Eli Carpenter discovered ore in this area in 1891, and the townsite was staked the following year. Sandon drowned in Kootenay Lake in 1893. (Akrigg, 235.)

SANS PEUR PASSAGE: W. side of Hunter I. (0-5). Named after the Duke of Sutherland's yacht, in BC waters when World War II broke out. The Sans Peur's cruise around the world came to an abrupt end when she was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy. (Akrigg, 235.)

SANS PEUR PASSAGE: ... (Scott, 524.)

SAUCIER AVE. / RD.: Central Kelowna area, off Richter St.

Joseph André Saucier was born in St. Anicet, QC in 1866. He arrived in K in 1885 to visit his uncle, Joseph Christien. In 1891, Joseph married Éléanore Laurence, daughter of Cyprien and Thérèse Laurence, who came to the valley with Father Pandosy in the fall of 1859. They had nine children. Dan Nicholson was married to Éléanore's sister, Marie Laurence. In 1891, Joseph pre-empted a half section (320 acres) of land in the Mission area. It was Joseph Saucier's farm plough that was in the making of the first furrows during the construction of Bernard Ave. Joseph produced vegetables, tobacco and dairy products. He had this farm until ill health forced him to live in the city. In 1925, he suffered a paralyzing stroke and spent his last 22 years in bed. From 1931, Joseph and Éléanore both lived with the eldest son, Francis, on Laurier Av. Joseph died in 1947 and Eleanor in 1955. Bertrand, a son, was killed in France in 1918. There were two daughters, Catherine (Kate) and Marie. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.157)

SAUCIER CREEK: enters Bellevue Creek, SE of Kelowna. Joseph Saucier, farmer, born in Quebec province, Mar. 16 1866, came to the Valley in 1885, Married Éléanor, youngest daughter of Cyprien Lawrence, early Okanagan pioneer who came with the Mission Fathers. Died Oct. 9 1947 after being bedridden for 21 years. (12th report of Okanagan Historical Society, 1948, p.218)

SAVONA: W. end of Kamloops L. (C-g). In January 1859 Donald McLean wrote from Kamloops to Governor Douglas: There is a native of Corsica here, named Savona. He is master of the French, Spanish and Italian languages, and would be willing to enter into the employ of the Government should his services be required as an Interpreter. He writes the above languages, as well as speaking them. Savona is married to a daughter of St. Paul [see Lolo, Mount], and can, I believe, be depended upon as a steady sober person - as he now makes use of no intoxicating liquors. Later in 1859 Francis Savona (François Saveneux) established a ferry across the Thompson River where it flows out of Kamloops Lake. At the north end of the ferry, close to the HBC wharf and warehouse, a settlement known as Savona's soon grew up. When Savona died in 1862, his wife took over the ferry, but in 1870 the government acquired it. When the CPR was built, the population moved to a new townsite, Port Van Home, which the railway had built on the southern shore. The new name, however, soon gave way to Savona. (Akrigg, 236-7.)

-Savona was not on a major trade route, but the gold discoveries brought hordes of men from the States up the Okanagan and through Kamloops to cross the river at Bout du Lac (Kamloops Lake). An enterprising Frenchman, François Saveneux, decided to cash in on the demand, and installed a cable ferry. It was probably a fenced raft; it could carry two men and their packed horses, but cattle had to swim, which they usually managed without loss. Teams and wagons did not as yet exist here, since the road to Cache Creek was not built until 1866. It seems the ferry

64

prospered, with help from retired HBC laborer Joe Bourke [or BOURQUE?] who settled nearby and whose daughter Saveneux married. They ived on the south bank. Sadly, near the end of 1862 Saveneux died, and was buried on the hill above the home; the ferry was continued for some years by his widow, and by 1866 was run by Ned Roberts, but the anglicized name Savona’s Ferry persisted. (Balf, Mary. Kamloops: A History up to 1914. Second edition. Kamloops: Kamloops Museum Association, 1981, p.142).

SEGHERS, MOUNT: N. of Hesquiat Harbour, VI (B-6). After Charles John Seghers, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Vancouver Island, with jurisdiction over Alaska. He was killed by a demented companion on the banks of the Yukon River in 1886 and interred in St. Andrew's Cathedral, Victoria, in 1888. (Akrigg, 239.)

SEL D'ÉPINETTE: "I left Sel d'Épinette Okanagan Lake on the 17th for the purpose of exploring the road between that point and the Columbia River." (Cox, "Sable [sic] d'Épinette", Aug. 9 1862, in Okaganan Historical Society. 1st & 2nd Report. 1927-28) [This name no longer seems to be used as a geographical indicator, nor has the exact original spot been determined.]

-W.G. Cox in his letters refers to a place on Okanagan Lake which he sometimes calls “Sel d’Epinette” and sometimes “Sable d’Epinette”. In his letter of Aug. 9 1862, he says “I left Sel d’Epinette, Okanagan Lake, on the 17th ultimo for the purpose of exploring the road between that point and the Columbia River.” In a sketch shich was enclosed with another letter of about the same date he shows two trails only between Okanagan Lake and the Coumbia River – one up Mission Creek and one by way of Cherry Creek. (Okanagan Historical Society, 17th Report, 1953, p.56)

SHERBROOKE CREEK, Sherbrooke, Quebec. flows S. into Kicking Horse R. (D-n). After Sherbrooke, Que. (Akrigg, 242.)

SHINGLE CREEK, W. of Penticton (B-io). Earlier known both as Riviere aux Serpens [sic] and Beaver Creek. It gets its present name from the fact that early settlers cut their shingles from the cedars growing along this stream. (Akrigg, 242.)

SIFFLEUR LAKE, W. of Tahtsa L. (F-6). The siffleur is the marmot. (Akrigg, 243.)

SIWASH ROCK, Stanley Park, Vancouver (B-8). Originally Ninepin Rock. Siwash is a Chinook jargon word, derived from the French sauvage, meaning a 'native Indian.' The original Squamish Indian name for Siwash Rock means 'standing up.' The Squamish Indians have a legend about the creation of Siwash Rock. The Transformers (three brothers) were paddling along in their canoe and saw a man bathing and scrubbing himself with hemlock boughs. When they asked him why he was bathing, the man answered that his wife had just given birth to his first son. The Transformers then changed the man into a special rock with a small tree on top of it - the hemlock he had been using to scrub himself with. This rock is known as Siwash Rock. The wife was also turned into stone, and this smaller rock can still be seen nearby. (Akrigg, 246.)

- SIWASH BAY (50o 40'00" 125o 47'00" S side of Knight Inlet, W of Glendale Cove), SIWASH COVE (49o 16'00" 126o 11'00" S side of Flores I, Clayoquot Sd, W side of Vancouver I), SIWASH ROCK (49o 19'00' 123o 09'00" N side of English Bay, Just SW of First Narrows, Burrard Inlet, Vancouver)., SIWASH ROCK (50o 21'00" 125o 28'00' S of Turn I, E end of Johnstone Str, off S side of E Thurlow I, NW of Campbell R). Siwash was the word for a Native or aboriginal person in the Chinook jargon used on the W coast by First Nations groups and early traders and settlers. The word was derived from the French sauvage, which despite its similarity to the English word

65

"savage" simply means "wild' or "untamed". It was originally a neutral term, synonymous with "local", but as racist attitudes persisted and grew over the years, the word became derogatory, a sign of contempt. While many other racist place names have been changed in BC, Siwash survives. In addition to the coastal names listed above, there are four Siwash creeks and three Siwash lakes in the province, plus Siwash Mtn SW of Nelson and Siwash Rk Mtn NW of Vernon. Siwash Rock in Stanley Park was called Nine Pin Rock on early Admiralty charts, after the bowling game. The Halkomelem First Nation name for this feature is S'i'lix, while the Squamish know it as Sl'kleylish, or "" he who is standing up" (and the name of the rock may, in fact, be a distortion of this phrase). According to a Squamish legend, with many variations, an honest, unselfish tribal member, who was found ritually cleansing himself at this location by Q'uas the transformer, a supernatural being, who turned Skalsh to stone as an example of how Q'uas wanted people o live. A searchlight was placed on top of the rock during WWII. Its sheer slopes were home for several months in 1966 to Russell, a mountain goat who managed to escape from the Stanley Park Zoo. (Scott, 547.)

SKAHA LAKE, S. of Okanagan L. (B-io). Originally Lac du Chien, then Dog Lake, and finally in 1930 officially named Skaha Lake to recognize local usage. Skaha is the Shuswap Indian, not the Okanagan Indian, word for 'dog.' Angus McDonald, a pioneer HBC man, noted that the company's men killed and ate fat dogs here when they could not get venison or fish. Dogtown was an early name of Okanagan Falls. (Akrigg, 246.)

SOBRY ISLAND: (50o 01'00" 127o 23'00" N of Kamils I, N side of Kyoquot Sd, NW side of Vancouver I). Named in 1947 after Rev Émile Sobry (1861-1943), a Roman Catholic missionary who was in charge of the mission and day school at Kyuquot, 1897-1911. From 1911 to 1920 he was the teacher and missionary at Yuquot in Nootka Sd. Sobry died in Victoria. (Scott, 55.)

SOLIDE ISLANDS: (55o 42'00" 132o 59'00" In the approach to Port Louis, W side of Graham I, QCI). SOLIDE PASSAGE (54o 11'00" 132o 59'00" Between Langara I and Lucy I, off NW end of Graham I). La Solide, a well-equipped, 275-ton vessel built by the wealthy House of Baux in Marseilles, made a voyage around the world in 179-92, under Capt Étienne Marchand, in search of scientific knowledge and commercial opportunity, It anchored at Cloak Bay for several weeks in 1791, and its officers made the earliest charts of the NW coast of Graham I. The passage was named by Capt Frederick Learmonth of HMS Egeria during a 1907 hydrographic survey. See also Chanal Pout and Marchand Point. (Scott, 555.)

SOQUEL BANK: ... (Scott, 557.)

SUREL COURT: Kelowna, Rutland area, short road off Myron Rd, off Muir Rd, off Hwy 33 W.The Oblate Fathers, Pandosy and Richard, arrived in the Centre Okanagan in early Oct. 1859, and were soon joined by Brother Philippe Surel. The Oblate party spent the long cold winter of 1859-60 camped at the S end of Duck Lake. The following spring, they relocated closer to Mission Creek, where Brother Surel was able to make valuable contributions to the development of the Mission of the Immaculate Conception. Born in France about 1819, Surel took his perpetual vows in 1848. His assignment was to assist the Oblates on the construction of the Mission site, plant crops, including grapes, and generally assist with the more physical jobs entailed in establishing and maintaining a mission in the hinterland of BC. He spent a number of years at the Mission site, and died in Kelowna in 1908, aged 90. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.170)

SUZETTE BAY: 52o 24'00" 128o 26'00" SW side of Dowager I, Milbanke Sound, NW of Bella Bella). After Josette Legacé, a pioneer resident of colonial Victoria and the wife of senior HBC official John

66

Work. She often appears in the historical records as Suzette Legacé, though whether this is an alternative personal name or an error is uncertain. See Legace Bay. (Scott, 577.)

-T-

TACHIE RIVER: joins Stuart L. and Trembleur L. (G-j). From the Carrier Indian word meaning 'three outlets,' referring to the river. (Akrigg, 261.)

TADANAC: N. of Trail (B-n). 'T' for Trail, plus 'Canada' spelled backward. (Akrigg, 261.)

TALLE D'EPINETTES / TAILLIS D'EPINETTES, Spruce Grove: Cox's Gold Rush in the Monashee Mountains, published March 11 2013The gold rush on Cherry Creek in 1862 in the Monashee Mountains of BC started as a request to find a route through the mountains. It was probably the only one promoted by a gold commissioner. Early in 1862, W. George Cox was instructed to find out if there were any routes through the mountains between the Okanagan and the Columbia valleys. The purpose was to find an all-British route to the gold diggings on the eastern part of the colony.Spruce GroveCox followed Douglas' instructions and in July 1862 he went to the northern end of Okanagan Lake where there was an Indian community that the Okanagans called Nkama'peleks, which means "Head of the Lake". when the early French-Canadian fur traders arrived at Nkama'peleks they discovered a cluster of spruce trees near Tsin-th-le-kap-a-lax (Coyote) Creek, known as Irish Creek. To the fur traders, the presence of spruce3 trees at this low elevation was very unusual and for this reason they called the place Taillis or Talle d'Epinettes, a name which translated into English as Spruce Grove.In his report to Young, Cox states that he left "Talle d'Epinettes" on July 17 for the purpose of exploring the road to the Columbia River. He had engaged two Okanagan Indians from Nkama'peleks as his guides and each guide brought one of his sons along. Cox wrote that these men were the only people in the country familiar with the route and their last trip to the Arrow Lakes was made three years earlier...

TARTE ISLAND: ... (Scott, 583.)

TERMAGANT POINT: ... (Scott, 587.)

TERRACE: E. of Prince Rupert (G-5). One of the earliest pre-emptors here was George Little, who snowshoed in over the Kitimat Trail in 1905. When the surveys for the GTPR took the railway across Little's land, he did not fight it but offered to give free land for a station. The offer was accepted, and on his adjacent land Little laid out a townsite. The settlement was to have been named Littleton, but the post office department refused to accept the name, there already being a Littleton elsewhere in Canada. The name finally adopted, Terrace, comes from the series of terraces (benches) rising above the Skeena here. Little was a tough-minded entrepreneur who prospered mightily. There was once a saying around Terrace, 'If you don't work for George Little, you don't work.' (See Nadine Asante's excellent History of Terrace, pp. 136-8.) (Akrigg, 265.)

TÊTE JAUNE; TÊTE JAUNE CACHE; YELLOWHEAD PASS; YELLOWHEAD LAKE; YELLOWHEAD HIGHWAY: W. of Mt. Robson Park (E-io). In June 1820 word reached the NWC'S Fort St. James that an HBC party had crossed the Rockies for the first time and penetrated to the junction of the Fraser and Nechako Rivers. For their guide the newcomers had Pierre Bostonais, commonly known as 'Tete Jaune' ('Yellowhead'). (See David Smyth, 'Tete Jaune/ Alberta History 32, i

67

[ig84]:i-8.) Bostonais, one of the Iroquois who had come west at this period, probably had some French blood. That he was chosen to guide the HBC party argues a prior knowledge of the country west of the Yellowhead Pass. It would seem, then, that in earlier years he had trapped and hunted in the Tete Jaune Cache area, caching his furs in a secure place there for transfer at the end of the season to an HBC post east of the Rockies. Tete Jaune is pronounced "Tee John' by British Columbians. (Akrigg, 265.)

-Tête Jaune was the nickname of a trapper who cached furs here early in the 19th century. He is said to have been partly of Iroquois blood by with light-coloured hair. Tête Jaune may have been François Decoigne who was employed by the HBC i 1814, or Pierre Hastination, who guided a party of iroquois fur hunters into the area in 1920. (Akrigg, G.P.V. and Helen B. 1001 BC Places Names, p.168)

-... A number of Iroquois came west to BC with the early fur traders as trappers and as servants. At one time there was a little Iroquois settlement at Tête Jaune Cache. (Akrigg, G.P.V. and Helen B. 1001 BC Places Names, p.88)

THIBERT CREEK: flows into N. end of Dease L. (K-4). After Henry Thibert, a French-Canadian who arrived in the area in 1872 and the next year found gold on this creek. (Akrigg, 266.)

-des chercheurs d'or ont laissé leurs noms aux endroits où ils on trouvé le précieux métal: la crique Trépanier, la crique Thibert (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

TONQUIN ISLAND: S. of Tofino (6-7). After the American vessel Tonquin, which brought around Cape Horn the men, material, and supplies for the founding in 1811 of Fort Astoria at the mouth of the Columbia River. Leaving there, she sailed to Clayoquot to trade for furs, where the insolence of Captain Thorn so outraged the Indians that they seized the ship and massacred all but three or four of the crew. These survivors, before escaping in the ship's boat, lit a fuse leading to the Tonquin's powder magazine. Almost 200 Indians perished when the ship blew up. (Akrigg, 270.)

-49o 125o SW. West side of Templar Channel, north of Lennard Island, Clayoquot District. (Gazeteer of Canada: BC. Ottawa: Geographical Branch, Dept.of Energy Mines & Resources, 1966, p.669.)

-A small island inside the entrance to Clayoquot Sound has been named Tonquin Island. (Journal de Franchère)

TRANQUILLE: W. of Kamloops (C-g). Named after a local Indian chief whose quiet easy manner led the whites to refer to him as Tranquille.' His death in 1841 led to the murder at the HBC'S post at Kamloops of Chief Factor Samuel Black (for the story see G.P.V. Akrigg and Helen B. Akrigg, British Columbia Chronicle, 1778-1846: Adventures by Sea and Land, pp. 325-7). (Akrigg, 272.)

-nom français (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

TRAVERSE / LA: Future site of Little Fort, a crossing of the North Thompson River. (Muriel Poulton Dunford, North River: The Story of BC’s North Thompson Valley & Yellowhead Highway 5, Sonotek Publishing, Merritt, 2000, p.30).

68

TREMBLAY CREEK: Of Hector Tremblay, first settler in the Pouce Coupé Prairie, travelling with another gold seeker, Joe Bissette: "We remember their decision in the names of several creeks. One Bissette Creek flows into the Pine River in the vicinity of Little Prairie, one into the Pouce Coupe River closed to the village of Pouce Coupe. Tremblay Creek flows into the Kiskatinaw at Arras." (Coutts, M.E. Dawson Creek Past and Present: An Historical Sketch. Edmonton: Hamley Press, 1958, p.20.)

"... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... le crique Tremblay ... " (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

TREMBLEUR LAKE: NW of Stuart L. (G-y). So named because the lake is rarely still - it is located in a draw through which a wind generally blows. An earlier name was Traverse or Cross Lake, since it runs at right angles to all the other large lakes in the area. (Akrigg, 272.)

-... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... le lac Trembleur... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

TREPANEGE RIVER (Trépanier, Jacques) 18 m. long, enters Okanagan Lake 2 m. NE of Peachland ; TREPANEGE PLATEAU, 4000’, TREPANIER,on Okanagan Lake, 2 ½ m.N of Peachland. These are names from the fur tradeing days and originally were applied to Peachland Creek (Deep Creek). “R. de Trepannier”, on Anderson Map, 1887; “Trepanege R. on Trutch map, 1871. Origin unknown. “R. de Trepannier means Trepannier’s River – possibly named after a fur trader. Another suggested origin is the incident in 1817 when fur trader Alexander Ross, NWC, crudely yet successfully trepanned the skull of Short Legs, a Shuswap chief who had been attacked and almost killed by a bear. On early maps, the river is calle Jacques; “rivier Jacques” on McDonald sketch, 1827; “Jaques R.” on Trutch map, 1867 – probably after Jacques, one of Ross’s men. Names of Deep Creek and Trepanier creek were evidently switched in error at some time or other. (12th report of Okanagan Historical Society, 1948, p.221).

TRÉPANIER CREEK: N. of Peachland (B-io). Behind this name probably lies a crude but successful operation of trepanning, performed upon the skull of a Shuswap chief named Short Legs, who had been very badly mauled by a bear. This trepanning was done by Alexander Ross of the NWC in 1817. The stream was formerly known as the Rivière de Jacques, Jacques having been one of Ross's men. The Okanagan Indian name for this creek means 'bald eagle nest.' (Akrigg, 272.)

-des chercheurs d'or ont laissé leurs noms aux endroits où ils on trouvé le précieux métal: la crique Trépanier, la crique Thibert (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27).

-In 1812 Alexander Ross headed an expedition up the Columbia River, then the Okanagan River, to establish a fur trading post in the B.C. interior. They established Fort Kamloops, and named Trepanier and Jacques Creeks. (Smith, Richard R. (ed.). Peachland: A Pictorial History of the First 100 Years. Peachland: Peachland Historical Society, 2008, p.1)

TRéPANIER PROVINCIAL PARK : A l’ouest de West Kelowna.

TRIQUET ISLAND: 51o 48'00" 128o 15'00" S of Spider I, W of S entrance to Kildidt Sd, S of Bella Bella). Col Paul Triquet, VC (1910-80), was born in Que and joined the 22nd Regiment (the "Van Doos") in 1927. He was awarded the VC (and the French Légion d'honneur) in Dec 1943 for his actions at

69

Casa Berardi, Italy. A capt at the time, he led his company in capturing and holding a German strongpoint, despite heavy casualties and a determined German counterattack. Triquet left active service in 1947 with the rank of maj and became district sales manager for a forest products company, but re-enlisted with the Canadian Army Reserve and was promoted to col in command of the 8th Militia Group. Eventually retired in Florida. Triquet I was formerly known as Fan I but was changed in 1944 by regional hydrographer Henri Parizeau, who applied many WWII-related names to surrounding features. With its beautiful beaches and bird-rich lagoon, the island is a popular wilderness kayaking destination. (Scott, 603.)

-V-

VALENCIENNE: -... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... Valencienne ... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

-named after battle in France during the First World War

VALENCIENNES MOUNTAIN: Alberta-BC boundary (D-n). So named to commemorate the entry of Canadian troops into Valenciennes, France, 2 November 1918. Also VALENCIENNES RIVER. (Akrigg, 278.)

VANIER DRIVE, Prince George: Named after General Georges Philias Vanier, Goveernor General of Canada. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.167)

VASEUX CREEK: 19 m. long, enters Okanagan river 2 m. S. of Vaseux Lake. Was known as Sawmill Creek and McIntyre Creek because Peter McIntyre had a sawmill nearby. (12th report of Okanagan Historical Society, 1948, p.222).

VASEUX LAKE: S. of Skaha L. (B-io). The French word vaseux, meaning 'muddy' or 'slimy,' was probably applied to the lake early in the last century by French-Canadian employees of the fur-trading companies. The name apparently refers to the amount of silt deposited in the lake. (Akrigg, 283.)

-also seen misspelled as VASEAUX

VAUX, MOUNT: Yoho NP (D-n). Almost certainly named by James Hector after W.S.W. Vaux, FRS (1818-85), a numismatist on the staff of the British Museum. A close friend of Captain Palliser, Vaux helped to secure government funds to finance Palliser, Hector, and Sullivan while they prepared the report on the Palliser Expedition. Probably much of the work was done in Vaux's chambers at Lincoln's Inn Fields. (Akrigg, 283.)

VEDAN CREEK: flows N. into Big Cr., tributary of Chilcotin R. (D-8). After Louis Vedan, who died in the Old Men's Home, Kamloops, in 1954 at an age of more than 100, if we accept his own estimate. Earlier, on his remote ranch, he had so emancipated himself from an awareness of time that he would ask his rare visitor, Indian or white, not the day but the month. He usually got his hay in late and lost many cattle in consequence. (Akrigg, 283.)

VENTS RIVER: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... la rivière aux Vents... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.26)

70

VERDIER POINT: (48o 38'00" 123o 32'00" W side of Saanich Inlet, S of Mill Bay, NW of Victoria), VERDIER SHOAL (52o 43'00" 129o 27'00" NW of Moore Is, W of N Aristzabal I, S approach to Caamaño Sd, Hecate Str). Francis Verdier (1865-1947), a farmer, timber cruiser and member of a pioneer Saanich family, marked out the original route of the Malahat hwy from Mill Bay to Goldstream. He was born on the Saanich Peninsula and married US-born Anna St. Louis (b1878) at Victoria in 1897. They later divorced and he married Julia Michell (b1885) from Que, at Victoria, in 1927 (this marriage also ended in divorce, in 1929). Verdier is celebrated for felling the timber in what is now downtown Vancouver; he also cleared much forest in the Sooke area, hauling the logs with a team of 24 oxen. He maintained a 64-ha farm in the Brentwood Bay area, where he grew fruit trees and raised cattle and poultry, and is believed to have take n part in the Victoria old-timers' reunion of 1924 (see Adams Bay). Verdier died at Victoria. The point appeared on early Admiralty charts as Camp Point but was renamed in 1935. (Scott, 622.)

VERENDRYE PEAK: W. of Vermilion R. (D-n). Named by G.M. Dawson after Pierre Gaultier de Varennes, Sieur de la Vérendrye (1685-1749), the great French explorer who sought with his sons to find the Western Sea, though it is doubtful that he ever got farther west than the Black Hills in the Dakotas. (Akrigg, 283-4.)

VERNEY, MOUNT: ... (Scott, 410.)

VERNON: N. Okanagan (C-io). In 1862 Father Paul Durieu, OMI, built a cabin here, an out-station of Okanagan Mission, and thus he gave Vernon its first name of Priest's Valley. In 1887, after almost becoming either Centreville or Forge Valley, Priest's Valley became Vernon, in honour of Forbes George Vernon (1843-1911), Chief Commissioner of Lands and Works for British Columbia. Vernon was born near Dublin. After a short period of service as an officer in the British Army, he came to British Columbia with his brother Charles in 1863, arriving in the Okanagan with Colonel C.F. Houghton, the first owner of the Coldstream Ranch. This magnificent ranch was bought by the Vernon brothers in 1869 and later passed into the sole ownership of Forbes George Vernon. Vernon entered provincial politics and became a power in the land. In The Valley of Youth, C.W. Holliday preserves a lively recollection of Vernon's electioneering technique as practised one night in the barroom of the Ram's Horn at Lumby: Forbes George, a big genial Irishman with a merry twinkle in his eye, sized up his audience, and mounted a barroom chair - there was nothing else to mount, and there did not appear to be a chairman ... He mounted that chair, and, had a representative of the press been present he would have had little trouble reporting the speech, for, holding up his hand to silence the applause, 'Gentlemen,' he said, 'you boys all know me and know all about me, and I am quite sure none of you want to hear me make a speech, so all I will say at present is: Let us all go and have a drink.' (p. 308) (Akrigg, 284.)

-P.O. opened Nov. 1884 known as Priest's Valley till 1 Nov. 1887 when named changed to Vernon... The priests built a cabin as a stopping place for themselves; a convenient day's journey north from Okanagan Mission. The old cabin was burned down many years ago. It is said to have stood across Long Lake creek about opposite to the old millhouse on the Tronson property. It was the building of this priest's house here which caused the valley from Vernon to Okanagan Lake to be known as Priests Valley. (Norris, L. "Townsite of Vernon B.C.", in Okanagan Historical Society Last Report, 1926, p.20-30.)

-With reference to the previous article... If so it was destroyed or removed before my time. At one time the house of the priests used as a stopping place could be plainly seen from Girouard's cabin where it stood on the side of the Priests Valley-Kamloops stage road. There were two cabins standing in the form of a T near each other but detached... They stood a few feet south of Lake

71

Drive and near the north-west corner of Lot 53, map 324. (Brent, Mrs. William. "The Priests House", in Okanagan Historical Society 2nd Report, 1927, p.26-27.)

-Father Durieu, an Oblate missionary, built a small cabin near that of Luc Girouard in 1862. The building, which stood on BX Creek close to where Restholm now stands, was used as a school and church for the resident Indians, and a rest-stop for transient missionaries. For more than 20 years travellers referred to the area as Priest’s Valley. (Hurst, Theresia. Vernon and District Pioneer Routes: The Stories Behind Our Street Names. Salmon Arm: Vernon Branch, Okanagan Historical Society, 1997, p.9).

-By 1885 the growing settlement of Priest’s Valley was in need of organization. E.J. Tronson and his associate Charles Brewer laid out Centreville townsite that year. [Centreville is French for downtown.] The name, however, never caught on. Consisting of only a few streets which followed the same angle as Coldstream Road, Centreville was incorporated into the larger Vernon townsite by the Land and Development Company in 1891, and incorporated as the City of Vernon on Dec. 30 1892. (Hurst, Theresia. Vernon and District Pioneer Routes: The Stories Behind Our Street Names. Salmon Arm: Vernon Branch, Okanagan Historical Society, 1997, p.9).

VICTOR ISLAND: ... (Scott, 624.)

VIDETTE; VIDETTE LAKE: Thompson Country. Headwaters of Deadman R. (D-g). The French word vidette signifies an outpost or mounted sentry. The French-Canadian engagés of the fur-trading companies used the word for a man guarding the horses during an encampment. (Akrigg, 286.)

Vidette is a unincorporated locality in the Deadman River Valley in the Thompson-Bonaparte Country region of the Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada.[1] It is just north of Vidette Lake, which has become famous for being declared the "Centre of the Universe" by Tibetan Buddhist monks. The locality's name derives from the French spoken by fur trades, when a roadhouse here was on the Hudson's Bay Brigade Trail connecting Fort Kamloops to Fort Alexandria via the Bonaparte Plateau, and which became part of the Gold Rush Trail from the United States to the Cariboo Gold Rush. (Wikipedia)Vidette Lake is a small lake in the Deadman River Valley of the Thompson Country in the Interior of British Columbia, Canada. It is not on the Deadman River, but it is on a tributary within the river's valley. The route in the gold rush era from Kamloops to the Cariboo goldfields passed the lake. A cabin, which is now the home of a tourist lodge on the lake, was a trading post on the Hudson's Bay Brigade Trail. From 1933 to 1939, the Vidette Lake Mine operated on the east side of the lake producing 28,869 oz of gold, 46,573 oz of silver and 48 tons of copper. In the years since there has been further exploration. The lake has been visited and investigated by Tibetan Buddhist monks who have declared a location overlooking the lake to be the "Centre of the Universe." The owner of the property operates a guest lodge, the Vidette Lake Gold Mine Fishing Lodge, for people wishing to visit the site, which is unmarked. (Wikipedia)

Photos: http://www.kamloopstrails.net/deadmans-tour/

VIGILANT ISLAND: ... (Scott, 624.)

VIGNÉ CREEK: ... tout le territoire est émaillé de noms français ... la crique Vigné ... (Maurault, Olivier. Au berceau de la Colombie-Britannique. Cahiers des dix, no. 13, 1948, p.27)

VILLENEUF; NEWTON; NEWTON ROAD: Named after E.J. Villeneuf, pioneer seattle, sadler and harness maker. Finding his neighbours had difficulty with his name, Villeneuf obligingly translated it to Newton. Is now a neighbourhood in Surrey, BC. (Akrigg, G.P.V. and Helen B. 1001 B.C. Place Names, p.126)

72

-P.O. and station on the BCER Fraser Valley line, 8 miles east of New Westminster, 19.8 miles from Vancouver. Named after Elias John Newton, a saddler and harness maker of N.W. who took up land at this point and the Newton Road received its name from him. His real name was E.J. Villeneuf but finding that the neighbours had difficulty with the pronunciation, he changed it from the French to the English equivalent, i.e. Villeneuf to New town. (BCER Public Relations Department, and R.L. Reid, K.C.)

VIMY: named after a battle of the First World War.

VIMY AVE.: Central Kelowna area, off Abbott St.

Named for the Battle of Vimy Ridge during World War I, which took place in France, April 9-14, 1917. Canada was reputed to have won its nationhood at this battle. (Kelowna Branch, Okanagan Historical Society. Kelowna Street Names: Their Origins - A Brief History. Second Edition. Kelowna, 2010, p.181)

VITAL RANGE: between Takla L. and Omineca R. (H-y). After Vital La Force, who prospected here with his partner, Michael Burns, in 1868-9, triggering the Omineca gold rush. (Akrigg, 287.)

VOYAGEUR DRIVE, Prince George: “Voyageurs (coureurs de bois), were responsible for communication, transportation and freighting goods between isolate settlements […]. (Canadian Federation of University Women – Prince George. Street Names of Prince George: Our History. Prince George: CFUW-PG, 2016, p.97)

-W-

WHITE VALLEY: Although the Lumby area is most often considered to be part of the North Okanagan, it is actually in the Shuswap watershed, as Bessette Creek flows through the town before it enters the Shuswap River. The first settlers came from Quebec in the 1870s and named the area White Valley after George LeBlanc who built a four-room cabin in 1874. The first one to pre-empt land was Mr. [Pierre] Bessette, who arrived via the Okanagan Brigade Trail before 1874. http://shuswappassion.ca/history/this-shuswap-town-was-once-a-french-enclave/

-X-

-Y-

YELLOWHEAD PASS: Alberta-BC border, W. of Jasper NP (E-io). Also YELLOWHEAD LAKE. Both are named after Pierre Bostonais, nicknamed Tête Jaune ('Yellowhead'), who in 1820 guided one of the first HBC parties to penetrate west of the Rockies. (See Tête Jaune Cache.) In the years that followed, the pass was frequently referred to as the Leather Pass since the HBC posts in New Caledonia used this route to bring in most of their leather, as much as forty packs of dressed moose skins annually. Leather was needed in large quantities since the rough terrain of the country required as many as eight pairs of moccasins per man for a single expedition through the mountains. The Yellowhead or Leather Pass was also known as Caledonian Valley. Yellowhead Lake was originally known as Buffalo Dung Lake. (Akrigg, 302.)

73

-Z-

74