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Appendix APractices and Solutions

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Oracle Spatial 11g: Essentials A - 3

Practices for Lesson 1

In this practice, you answer questions to recapitulate Oracle Spatial concepts and

terminologies discussed in the lesson.

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Practice 1-1: Overview of Oracle Spatial Concepts

1) State true or false for the following statements about the Points geometry:

i) A 2D point defines a location in X and Y coordinates.

ii) A point may be used to represent the location of a building or an automated

teller machine (ATM).Answer:

a) i)True

b) ii)True

2) State true or false for the following statements about the Line Strings geometry:

i) Self-crossing line strings are invalid.

ii) When line strings close to form a ring, they have an area.

iii) The boundary of a line string is defined by its end points.

Answer:

a) i) False

b) ii) False

c) iii) True

3) State true or false for the following statements about the Polygons geometry:

i) Polygons have an area.

ii) Self-crossing polygons are valid and supported in Oracle Spatial

Answer:

a) i) True

b) ii) False

4) Define an optimized rectangle.

Answer:An optimized rectangle is a polygon represented by the lower-left point and the

upper-right point of the rectangle.

5) Answer whether the statement is true or false:

i) An outer ring polygon is defined in the counterclockwise direction. Answer:

True

ii) Inner rings must be followed by its outer ring. Answer: False

iii) A geometry must be composed of the same element types. Answer: False

iv) An Oracle tables column of the SDO_GEOMETRYtype is defined as a spatiallayer. Answer: True

v) A spatial layer can contain different types of geometries. Answer: True

vi) Tolerance defines the precision of spatial data. Answer: True

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Practice 1-1: Overview of Oracle Spatial Concepts (continued)


6) Fill in the blank spaces:

i) A rectangle that minimally encloses a geometry is called a_____________________(Answer:minimum bounding rectangle)

ii) An optimized circle is a polygon defined by_____________distinct points on

the circumference of the circle. (Answer:three)

iii) The primary filter uses the ________________ to compare geometry

approximations to get a superset of the result. (Answer:spatial index)

7) Match the following:

Term Definition

a) Geocoding a) Associates a measure value with each

2D or 3D point along a linear feature

b) Linear Referencing System b) Provides routing information such as

driving distances, or directions between

two locations

c) Routing c) Associates latitude and longitude

coordinates with postal addresses

Answer: The term and definition matched pairs are: (a, c), (b, a), (c, b).

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In Part 1 of this practice, you create a table, geom_data, with a spatial column andinsert different types of geometries in the table.In Part 2 of this practice, you create some more tables for storing spatial data. The data in

these tables will be loaded later in Practice 5-1. You also update the

USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATAview.

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Practice 2-1: Creating Spatial Layers

Part 1:

1) Start SQL*Plus and log in using student/studentas the username/password.

Answer:

a) On your desktop, double-click the SQL*Plus icon.

b) Enter the following command:

conn student/student.

2) Describe the SDO_GEOMETRYdata type and review its attributes and memberfunctions.

Answer:

a) At the SQL*Plus prompt, enter the following command:

DESCRIBE SDO_GEOMETRY

b) The output is shown in the following screenshots:

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Practice 2-1: Creating Spatial Layers (continued)


3) Create a table, geom_data, with the following structure:

i) Object_id number PRIMARY KEY

ii) Name varchar2(30)

iii) Shape SDO_GEOMETRY

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Answer:

a) Enter the following code to create the geom_datatable:

CREATE TABLE geom_data (object_id number primary key,name varchar2(30),

shape SDO_GEOMETRY);

4) Insert a two-dimensional point with the following coordinates and nonspatial attribute

values. Use the SDO_POINTfield. Set SRIDto NULL.

i) Object_id:1

ii) Name:Point

iii) Coordinates:X=12,Y=14

Answer:To insert a point by using the SDO_POINTfield, enter the following INSERTstatement:

INSERT INTO geom_data VALUES(1, 'Point',SDO_GEOMETRY( 2001, NULL,

SDO_POINT_TYPE(12, 14, NULL),NULL,

NULL));

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5) Insert a line string composed of straight lines by using the following values:

i) Object_id:2

ii) Name:Line String

iii) Coordinates:(10,25), (20,30), (25,25), (30,30)

iv) Set SRIDto NULL.

Answer:To insert a line string, enter the following command:

INSERT INTO geom_data VALUES (2,'Line String',

SDO_GEOMETRY (2002, NULL, NULL,SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY (1,2,1),SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY (10,25, 20,30, 25,25, 30,30))

);

6) Insert an optimized rectangle by using the following values:

i) Object_id: 3

ii) Name:Rectangle

iii) Coordinates:(1,1), (5,7)

iv) Set SRIDto NULL.Answer:To insert an optimized rectangle, enter the following command:

INSERT INTO geom_data VALUES(3,'Rectangle',

SDO_GEOMETRY(2003, NULL, NULL,SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1,1003, 3),SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(1,1, 5,7))

);

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7) Insert a polygon with a hole by using the following values:

i) Object_id: 4

ii) Name:Polygon with a hole

iii) Coordinates:

(1) Outer ring polygon: (2,4), (4,3), (10,3), (13,5), (13,9),(11,13), (5,13), (2,11), (2,4)

(2) Inner ring polygon: (7,5), (7,10), (10,10), (10,5), (7,5)

Answer:To insert a polygon with a hole by using the given coordinates, enter the

following command:

INSERT INTO geom_data VALUES(4,'Polygon with a hole',

SDO_GEOMETRY(2003, NULL,NULL,SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1,1003,1, 19,2003,1),SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(2,4, 4,3, 10,3, 13,5, 13,9, 11,13,

5,13, 2,11, 2,4,7,5, 7,10, 10,10, 10,5, 7,5)));

If you want an extra challenge, complete the following exercise:8) Insert a compound polygon with the following values:

i) Object_id: 5

ii) Name: Compound Polygon

iii) Shape:

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Answer: To insert the compound polygon, enter the following INSERTstatement:

INSERT INTO geom_data VALUES(5, 'Compound Polygon',

SDO_GEOMETRY(2003, NULL, NULL,

SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1,1005,2, 1,2,1, 5,2,2),SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(6,10, 10,1, 14,10, 10,14, 6,10)));

Part 2:

9) Create the following tables:

i) GEOD_CITIES

Column name Data type DescriptionLOCATION SDO_GEOMETRY City locationCITY VARCHAR2(42) City nameSTATE_ABRV VARCHAR2(2) State codePOP90 NUMBER Population (1990)

RANK90 NUMBER Population ranking (1990)

ii) GEOD_INTERSTATES

Column name Data type DescriptionHIGHWAY VARCHAR2(35) Interstate nameGEOM SDO_GEOMETRY Interstate geometry

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Answer: To create the tables as described, enter and run the following code:

CREATE TABLE GEOD_CITIES(LOCATION SDO_GEOMETRY,CITY VARCHAR2(42),STATE_ABRV VARCHAR2(2),POP90 NUMBER,

RANK90 NUMBER);

CREATE TABLE GEOD_INTERSTATES(HIGHWAY VARCHAR2(35),GEOM SDO_GEOMETRY);

10) Describe the structure of the USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATAview.

Answer:To view the structure of the USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATAview, enter the

following command:DESCRIBE USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATA

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11) Insert metadata for the following layers into the USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATAview:

i) GEOM_DATA (SHAPE):

(1) Set SRIDto NULL.

(2) Set the tolerance to 0.005.(3) For SDO_DIM_ARRAY, set the x-axis in the range from 0 to 300 and

y-axis in the range from 0 to 300.

ii) GEOD_CITIES (LOCATION):

(1) Set SRIDto 8307.

(2) Set the tolerance to 0.05.

(3) For SDO_DIM_ARRAY, set the Longaxis in the range from 180.0 to180.0 and the Lataxis in the range from 90.0 to 90.0.

iii) GEOD_INTERSTATES (GEOM):(1) Set SRIDto 8307.

(2) Set the tolerance to 0.05.

(3) For SDO_DIM_ARRAY, set the Longaxis in the range from 180.0 to180.0 and the Lataxis in the range from 90.0 to 90.0.

Note:Spatial data is loaded into the GEOD_CITIESand GEOD_INTERSTATEStables in the lesson titled, Loading Spatial Data. Make sure you commit the

inserted rows.

Answer:To individually update the USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATAview with detailsabout each table, enter and run the following:

INSERT INTO user_sdo_geom_metadata(TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME,DIMINFO, SRID) VALUES ('GEOM_DATA','SHAPE',

SDO_DIM_ARRAY(SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('X', 0, 300, 0.005),SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Y', 0, 300, 0.005)

),NULL);

INSERT INTO USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATA (TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME,DIMINFO, SRID) VALUES ('GEOD_CITIES','LOCATION',

SDO_DIM_ARRAY(SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('LONG', -180.0, 180.0, 0.05),SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('LAT', -90.0, 90.0, 0.05)),

8307);

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INSERT INTO USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATA (TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME,DIMINFO, SRID) VALUES('GEOD_INTERSTATES','GEOM',

SDO_DIM_ARRAY(

SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('LONG', -180.0, 180.0, 0.05),SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('LAT', -90.0, 90.0, 0.05)),

8307);commit;

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In this practice, you insert collection geometries in the geom_datatable. You also usesome of the SDO_GEOMETRYmember methods and constructors.

Prerequisite:To successfully perform this practice, you must have completed theprevious practice. If you did not perform the previous practice for lesson 2 completely,start a new SQL* Plus window and run the

d:\labs\catchup_scripts\prac_02.sqlfile.

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Practice 3-1: Defining Collection Geometries

1) Insert an oriented point in the geom_datatable by using the following values:

i) Object_id:6

ii) Name: Oriented Point

iii) Coordinates:(12,14)

iv) Orientation vector values:(0.3, 0.2)

Answer: To insert an oriented point, enter the following INSERTstatement:

INSERT INTO geom_data VALUES(6, 'Oriented Point',

SDO_GEOMETRY(2001, NULL, NULL,SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1,1,1, 3,1,0),SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(12,14, 0.3,0.2))

);

2) Insert a multiline geometry composed of two line strings. Use the following values:

i) Object_id:7

ii) Name:Multiline

iii) Coordinates:(50,22, 60,22) (65,20, 65,25)

Answer: To insert a multiline, enter the following code:

INSERT INTO geom_data VALUES (7,'Multiline',

SDO_GEOMETRY (2006, NULL, NULL,SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY (1,2,1, 5,2,1),SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY (50,22, 60,22, 65,20, 65,25))

);

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Practice 3-1: Defining Collection Geometries (continued)


3) Insert a multipolygon geometry composed of two rectangles touching at one point.

Use the following values:

i) Object_id:8

ii) Name:Multipolygon-touching

iii) Coordinates:(50,115, 65,125, 65,125, 75,130)

Answer: To insert a multipolygon, enter the following code:

INSERT INTO geom_data VALUES (8,'Multipolygon touching',

SDO_GEOMETRY (2007, NULL, NULL,SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY (1,1003,3, 5,1003,3),SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY (50,115, 65,125, 65,125, 75,130))

);

4) Write a query to get the dimension and the GTYPEof the geometry object withObject_id as 4.

Answer: To get the dimension and GTYPE, enter the following code:

SELECT g.shape.Get_Dims(), g.shape.Get_Gtype()FROM geom_data gWHERE g.object_id = 4;

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Practice 3-1: Defining Collection Geometries (continued)


5) Write a query to get the Well-Known Text format of the geometry object with

Object_id as 5.Note:In the SQL prompt, run set long 150to see the full output.

Answer:To get the Well-Known Text format, enter the following code:

SELECT g.shape.Get_WKT()FROM geom_data gWHERE g.object_id = 5;

If you want extra challenge, complete the following exercise:

6) Insert a point geometry by using a Well-Known Text string constructor into the

geom_datatable. Set object_id to 9and Name to Point. The point coordinates

are (80, 40).

Answer: To insert a point by using the Well-Known Text string constructor, enter the

following code:

INSERT INTO geom_data VALUES (9, 'Point',SDO_GEOMETRY('POINT(80 40)'));

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In this practice, you run coordinate system transformation routines on geometries. The

routines transform the geometries into a new coordinate system.

Prerequisite:This practice does not use any of the database objects created in the

previous practices. So you can perform this practice even if you did not finish theprevious practices.

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Practice 4-1: Associating Spatial Layers with CoordinateSystems

1) Describe the CS_SRStable.

Answer:Enter the following command:

DESCRIBE CS_SRS

2) Run the lab_04_02.sqlscript located in the D:\labs\labsfolder. This scriptcreates the geom_shapestable and inserts two geometries with the SRID8307.

Answer: Run the lab_04_02.sqlscript at the SQL prompt:

@d:\labs\labs\lab_04_02.sql

3) View the two inserted geometries. The spatial column in the table, geom_shapes,is shape.

Answer:Run the following query:

SELECT shape FROM geom_shapes;

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Practice 4-1: Associating Spatial Layers with CoordinateSystems (continued)


4) Insert a new row for geom_shapes(shape)in theUSER_SDO_GEOM_METADATAview.

i) Set the tolerance to 0.05.

ii) Set the Longaxis range: 180 to 180.

iii) Set the Lataxis range: 90 to 90.

iv) Set SRIDto 8307.

Answer: Insert the spatial layer details in theUSER_SDO_GEOM_METADATAview:

INSERT INTO user_sdo_geom_metadata(TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, DIMINFO, SRID) VALUES('geom_shapes', 'shape',SDO_DIM_ARRAY(SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Longitude', -180, 180, 0.05),SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Latitude', -90, 90, 0.05)

),8307);COMMIT;

5) Transform the geometry with Object_id as 1in the geom_shapestable to 32618(WGS 84/UTM zone 18N).

Note:In this transformation, the original geometry is not actually transformed. The

transformed geometry is displayed as a result.

Answer:Enter the following query:

SELECT SDO_CS.TRANSFORM(g.shape, 0.05, 32618)

FROM geom_shapes gWHERE g.object_id=1;

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Practice 4-1: Associating Spatial Layers with CoordinateSystems (continued)


6) Transform the entire shapelayer and put results in the table namedgeom_shapes_CS_32618.

Note:This transformation procedure actually transforms the geometries into the new

coordinate system and stores the results in the new table,

geom_shapes_CS_32618. The new table is created by the procedure itself.Answer: Run the following statement at the SQL prompt:

CALL SDO_CS.TRANSFORM_LAYER('geom_shapes','shape','geom_shapes_CS_32618',32618);

7) Describe the geom_shapes_CS_32618table.

Answer:Run the following command:

DESCRIBE geom_shapes_CS_32618

8) Select all the geometries from the geom_shapes_CS_32618table.

Answer: Run the following query:

SELECT geometry FROM geom_shapes_CS_32618;

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In this practice, first, you load the GEOD_CITIESand GEOD_INTERSTATEStables byusing SQL*Loader. The respective .ctland .datfiles are located in theD:\labs\datafolder. Then you import spatial data from the Data Pump import files,geod_counties.dmpand proj_data.dmp, located in the d:\labs\datafolder. Finally, you use the SampleShapefileToJGeomFeatureutility to processa STATESshapefile.Prerequisite:To successfully perform this practice, you must have completed the

practice for the lesson titled Creating Spatial Layers.

If you did not perform any of the previous practices and you want to bring up yourschema to the desired state, start a new SQL* Plus window and run the SQL script,

d:\labs\catchup_scripts\prac_0203.sql.

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Practice 5-1: Loading Spatial Data

Loading spatial data by using SQL*Loader

1) The GEOD_CITIESand GEOD_INTERSTATEStables were created in a previousexercise. You now perform the following tasks:

i) Load the GEOD_CITIEStable by using the geod_cities.datandgeod_cities.ctlfiles.

ii) Load the GEOD_INTERSTATEStable by using thegeod_interstates.datand geod_interstates.ctlfiles.

iii) The respective .datand .ctlfiles are located in the D:\labs\datafolder. Invoke sqlldrto load data in the two tables.

Answer: To invoke SQL*Loader, open a command prompt window.

a) In the command prompt window, change to the D:\labs\datafolder. Enter

the following command at the command prompt:sqlldr student/student control=geod_cities.ctldata=geod_cities.dat direct=true

Note:If you do not want to enter the command, you can run the

d:\labs\soln\sol_05_01_a.batfile to accomplish the same task.

b) Similarly, load the data in the geod_interstatestable by using thegeod_interstates.ctl and geod_interstates.datfiles.

sqlldr student/student control=geod_interstates.ctl data=geod_interstates.dat direct=true

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Practice 5-1: Loading Spatial Data (continued)



d:\labs\soln\sol_05_01_b.batfile to accomplish the same task.

Loading spatial data by using Data Pump import

2) Import the GEOD_COUNTIEStable from the geod_counties.dmpfile. Use DataPump import. The geod_counties.dmpfile is in the D:\labs\datafolder.

Note:Before you can use the impdpcommand to import the geod_countiestable,log in using system/oracleas the username/password and then create a directoryobject named student_dumpdir, using the CREATEDIRECTORYstatement. Thesystemuser must grant read and write privileges on the directory,student_dumpdir, to the user student. You can create a log file namedgeod_counties.logand save it in the D:\labs\datafolder, just in case youwant to monitor errors if any.

Answer: Perform the following steps:

a) First, log in using system/oracleas the username/password. Create adirectory by entering the following SQL statement at the SQL prompt:

conn system/oracle

CREATE DIRECTORY student_dumpdir as 'D:\labs\data';b) Grant read and write privileges to student.

grant read, write on directory student_dumpdir to student;

c) Open a command window and then use the impdpcommand to import thegeod_counties.dmpfile.

impdp student/student dumpfile =student_dumpdir:geod_counties.dmplogfile = student_dumpdir:geod_counties.log

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d:\labs\soln\sol_05_02_c.batfile to import the geod_counties.dmpfile.

3) In SQL*Plus, connect again as the studentuser. Describe the GEOD_COUNTIEStable and also check the number of records in the table.

Answer: Run the following queries:

conn student/studentDESCRIBE geod_counties;SELECT count(*) from geod_counties;

4) Insert metadata for the GEOD_COUNTIES(GEOM)layer into theUSER_SDO_GEOM_METADATAview. Commit the record.

i) Set the tolerance to 0.05.

ii) Set the SRIDto 8307.

iii) Set the Longaxis range to 180 to 180.

iv) Set the Lataxis range to 90 to 90.

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Answer: Run the following INSERTstatement:

INSERT INTO USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATA(TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, DIMINFO, SRID)VALUES('GEOD_COUNTIES', 'GEOM',

SDO_DIM_ARRAY(SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('X', -180.0, 180.0, 0.05),SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Y', -90.0, 90.0, 0.05)

),8307);commit;

5) Import the following tables from the proj_data.dmpfile:

i) PROJ_CITIES

ii) PROJ_INTERSTATES

iii) PROJ_COUNTIES

iv) PROJ_STATESNote:Locate the proj_data.dmpfile in the D:\labs\datafolder. Use thesame student_dumpdirdirectory for the import. Generate aproj_data.logfile.

Answer: Run the following command at the command prompt:

impdp student/student dumpfile = student_dumpdir:proj_data.dmplogfile = student_dumpdir:proj_data.log

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d:\labs\soln\sol_05_05.batfile to import the proj_data.dmpfile.

6) Insert metadata for the following layers:

i) PROJ_CITIES(LOCATION)

ii) PROJ_INTERSTATES(GEOM)

iii) PROJ_COUNTIES(GEOM)

iv) PROJ_STATES(GEOM)

Note:Use the following details for all the tables:

i) X,11000000, 4000000,0.05

ii) Y, 80000,7000000,0.05

iii) SRID:32775

Answer: Run the following INSERTstatements:

INSERT INTO USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATA (TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME,DIMINFO, SRID)

VALUES ('PROJ_CITIES', 'LOCATION',SDO_DIM_ARRAY(SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('X', -11000000, 4000000, 0.05),SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Y', -80000, 7000000, 0.05)

),32775);


VALUES ('PROJ_COUNTIES', 'GEOM',SDO_DIM_ARRAY

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(SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('X', -11000000, 4000000, 0.05),SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Y', -80000, 7000000, 0.05)

),32775);

INSERT INTO USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATA (TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME,

DIMINFO, SRID)VALUES ('PROJ_INTERSTATES', 'GEOM',SDO_DIM_ARRAY(SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('X', -11000000, 4000000, 0.05),SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Y', -80000, 7000000, 0.05)

),32775);


VALUES ('PROJ_STATES', 'GEOM',SDO_DIM_ARRAY(SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('X', -11000000, 4000000, 0.05),SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Y', -80000, 7000000, 0.05)

),32775);

COMMIT;

Using the Shapefile Converter Utility

7) Run the Java sample SampleShapefileToJGeomFeatureutility on theSTATESshapefile provided. Perform the following:

i) Set the classpath to

.;%ORACLE_HOME%\jdbc\lib\ojdbc5.jar;%ORACLE_HOME%\md\jlib\sdoutl.jar;%ORACLE_HOME%\md\jlib\sdoapi.jar.Make sure that ORACLE_HOMEis set before setting the classpath.

ii) Run the SampleShapefileToJGeomFeatureJava-based tool.

Note:The SampleShapefileToJGeomFeatureJava utility loads polygonsin the four-digit spatial SDO_GTYPEformat, taking into account polygon rotationand ring ordering.

iii) Locate the STATESfiles in the D:\labs\data\shapefilefolder.

Answer: Perform the following step:

a) Open a command window. Change to the D:\labs\data\shapefilefolder.Set the classpath. If ORACLE_HOMEand OC4J_HOMEare not set, set them too asfollows:

cd d:\labs\data\shapefileset ORACLE_HOME=d:\app\administrator\product\11.1.0\db_1

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setclpath=.;%ORACLE_HOME%\jdbc\lib\ojdbc5.jar;%ORACLE_HOME%\md\jlib\sdoutl.jar;%ORACLE_HOME%\md\jlib\sdoapi.jar

b) To run the Shapefile converter utility, run the following command at the

command prompt:java -cp %clpath%oracle.spatial.util.SampleShapefileToJGeomFeature -h localhost-p 1521 -s orcl -u student -d student -t geod_states -f states-r 8307 -g geom

Note:Alternatively, if you do not want to enter the whole path, the classpath, and the

Java command, run the sol_05_07.batfile. If your ORACLE_HOMEis in anywaydifferent from what is mentioned in the preceding code box, edit the sol_05_07.batfile before running.

8) Run the verify_labs.sqlscript to check whether all the data is loaded correctly

with the correct SDO_GTYPE, SRID, and number of rows. Theverify_labs.sqlscript is located in the D:\labs\labsfolder.

Answer:Run the following script and check the output:

@d:\labs\labs\verify_labs.sql

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The output must be as shown in the following screenshot:

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In this practice, you insert invalid geometries and then use validation functions to validate

them. You also use debugging functions to correct geometries.

Prerequisite:To successfully complete this practice, you must have completed the

practices for the lessons titled Creating Spatial Layers and Defining CollectionGeometries. If you did not complete the practices, run

d:\labs\catchup_scripts\prac_0203.sql.

Prerequisite for the remaining practices:

For the remaining practices, it is recommended that your schema is fully loaded with the

desired tables. If you did not complete the practice for the lesson titled Loading Spatial

Data, it is important that you perform the following steps to bring your schema to thestate it should be for the remaining practices. Even if this practice is not dependent on

practice 5-1, it ensures that your practices run successfully for the remaining lessons. Run

the scripts in the following sequence [all the scripts (.sqland .batfiles) are located inthe d:\labs\catchup_scriptsfolder]:

i) If you did not complete the practices for the lessons titled Creating Spatial

Layers and Defining Collection Geometries, open a new SQL*Pluswindow and enter the following command:

@d:\labs\catchup_scripts\prac_0203.sql

ii) In Windows Explorer, double-click

load_geod_cities_interstates.batto run the batch file.

iii) In SQL*Plus, enter the following command:

@d:\labs\catchup_scripts\create_directory.sql

iv) In Windows Explorer, double-click load_geod_proj_data.bat to runit.

v) In SQL*Plus, enter the following command:

@d:\labs\catchup_scripts\update_metadata.sql

vi) In Windows Explorer, double-click the load_geod_states.batfile.

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Practice 6-1: Validating and Debugging Geometries

1) Before you use the validation and debugging functions, insert a few invalid

geometries in the geom_datatable. Run the lab_06_01.sqlscript to insertinvalid geometries in the geom_datatable. The lab_06_01.sqlscript is in theD:\labs\labsfolder.

Answer:At the SQL prompt, enter the following command:

@D:\labs\labs\lab_06_01.sql

2) Validate the geometry with Object_id as 10.


SELECT SDO_GEOM.VALIDATE_GEOMETRY_WITH_CONTEXT(g.shape, 0.05)FROM geom_data gWHERE g.object_id = 10;

Note: The error 13351 has the following description:

ORA-13351:Two or more rings of a complex polygon overlap.

Cause:The inner or outer rings of a complex polygon overlap.

Action:All rings of a complex polygon must be disjoint. Correct the geometric

definition of the object.

3) Create a val_resultstable with the following structure:

Column name Data typesdo_rowid ROWIDresult VARCHAR2(1000)

Answer: Run the following SQL statement:

CREATE TABLE val_results(sdo_rowid ROWID,result VARCHAR2(1000)

);

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Practice 6-1: Validating and Debugging Geometries (continued)


4) Validate the geom_data(shape)spatial layer and review the validation results.


a) To validate the entire layer, run the following statement:

CALL

SDO_GEOM.VALIDATE_LAYER_WITH_CONTEXT('GEOM_DATA','SHAPE','VAL_RESULTS');

Note:The values in the procedure must be in uppercase.

b) View the records in the val_resultstable:

SELECT * FROM val_results;

Note:Out of the 13 rows processed, four rows have invalid geometries. The

VAL_RESULTStable contains the ROWIDof the geometry and the associated errornumber and its description in the RESULTcolumn.

5) Write a query to return the vertices of the geometry object with Object_id as 13.


SELECT t.X, t.YFROM geom_data g,

TABLE(SDO_UTIL.GETVERTICES(g.shape)) tWHERE g.Object_id=13;

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Note:Notice the redundant vertices.

6) Remove redundant vertices from the geometry object with Object_id as 13.


SELECT sdo_util.rectify_geometry(g.shape, 0.5)FROM geom_data gwhere g.object_id=13;

7) Debug the geometry object with Object_id as 11. Use the RECTIFY_GEOMETRY

function. First, verify in the val_resultstable and find out what is wrong withthe geometry.


a) Find out the ROWIDof the geometry so that you can search for the correspondingROWIDin the val_resultstable.

SELECT ROWID FROM geom_data WHERE object_id=11;

b) Search the resultcolumn for the same ROWIDand find out the error numberassociated with it.

SELECT result FROM val_resultsWHERE SDO_ROWID='AAARF8AAEAAAAAOAAJ';

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Note:This ROWIDwill be different for you, so do not copy it from here. If you arerunning the solution script, sol_06_07_b.sql, replace your ROWIDin the query.

Note:The error description is as follows:

ORA-13349: The polygon boundary crosses itself.

Cause: The boundary of a polygon intersects itself.

Action: Correct the geometric definition of the object.

c) Now, run the rectify_geometryfunction to debug the geometry.

SELECT sdo_util.rectify_geometry(g.shape,0.05)FROM geom_data g

WHERE rowid='AABH8IAAGAAAAAOAAB';

Note:Replace the ROWIDin your query with the ROWIDof your geometry.

8) From the geometry object identified by Object_id as 8, extract the first element.


SELECT sdo_util.extract(g.shape, 1,0)FROM geom_data gWHERE g.object_id=8;

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In this practice, you install MapViewer. You also view data in MapViewer. For this

practice, access the zip file called mv10131_qs.ziplocated in theD:\labs\softwarefolder.

Prerequisite:To perform this practice completely, you must have completed the practicefor the lesson titled Loading Spatial Data successfully. If you did not, perform the steps

mentioned in the section Prerequisite for the remaining practices: in the practice for

lesson 6.

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Practice 7-1: Using the Oracle Application Server MapViewer

1) Extract the mv10131_qs.zipfile under the rootdirectory on D: drive.

Note:You can extract the mv10131_qs.zipfile anywhere outside yourORACLE_HOME.


a) From Windows Explorer, double-click mv10131_qs.zipto start WinZip, andextract it to the local disk (the rootdirectory on the D: drive is D:\).

b) Click the Extract button. Enter D:\in the Extract to field of the pop-up menu.Click Extract. When you extract the file, it creates the

D:\mv10131_qsdirectory.

2) Initialize OC4J and deploy MapViewer. Edit the start.batfile in yourD:\mv10131_qsfolder. Deploy MapViewer by running start.bat. Choosewelcomeas the oc4jadminpassword when prompted.

Answer:Perform the following steps to initialize OC4J and to deploy MapViewer:a) Navigate to the D:\mv10131_qsdirectory.

b) Right-click start.batand make the following edits:

i) On the first line, change C:to D:.

ii) On the second line, change C:to D:.

iii) Because the bindirectory for Java JDK 1.5 is in your path environmentvariable, on the third line, replace C:\ProgramFiles\Java\jdk1.5.0\bin\java with java.

c) Save the start.batfile. Exit the editor.d) In Windows Explorer, double-click the start.batfile to run it. A read-only

console window is displayed. This is where MapViewer reports information and

error messages.

e) Choose welcomeas the oc4jadminpassword when prompted. You mustremember this password. In the console window, you should observe the

following message:

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Practice 7-1: Using the Oracle Application Server MapViewer(continued)


INFO [oracle.lbs.mapserver.oms] *** Oracle MapViewerstarted. ***

Note:Do not close this command window.

3) Create a dynamic data source. A data source defines the connection information to the

database for map requests. Define a data source with the Oracle Application Server

MapViewer Admin JSP.

Answer:Perform the following steps:

a) Open Internet Explorer. The Oracle Application Server MapViewer Admin JSP is

located at: http://localhost:8888/mapviewer.

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b) On the upper-right corner of the page, click Admin. To perform administrative

commands, such as adding a data source, enter oc4jadminin the User Namefield and welcomein the Password field. Click Log In.

c) Under the Management tab, click Datasourcesunder Manage MapViewer, as

shown in the following screenshot:

d) In the Create a dynamic data source section, update the fields with the

following values:

i) Name: student

ii) Host: localhost

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iii) Port: 1521

iv) Sid: orcl

v) User: student

vi) Password: student

vii) # Mappers: 3

e) Click Submit. The student data source should be listed under Existing data

sources.

4) View the data you loaded in the lesson titled Loading Spatial Data by using

MapViewer. Select the geometries from the geom_statesand geom_countiestables.

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a) From the MapViewer page, click the Demos tab.

b) Click the JViewdemo.

c) When the Simple Spatial Query Visualizer page is displayed, in the top query

window (query 1:), enter:

SELECT geom FROM geod_counties

d) Set the line color to redand the fill to yellow. Enter COUNTYin the Label Columnfield

e) In the second query window (query 2:), enter:

SELECT geom FROM geod_states

Note:Do not end the query with a semicolon.

f) Set the line color to black and leave the fill empty. Enter STATEin the LabelColumn field

g) Click the Submit button.

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h) Zoom in to a location to see more detail.

Note:Similarly, you can try selecting the locationcolumn from geod_cities,or the geomcolumn from geod_interstates.

5) Configure the studentdata source. On the MapViewer Admin page, configure adata source that automatically starts when MapViewer is started.


a) Navigate to MapViewer home page. On the upper-right corner of the MapViewer

page, click Admin.

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b) Under the Management tab, select Configurationunder Manage MapViewer.

c) At the bottom of the configuration file, search for the Predefined Data sources

section. Uncomment the example map_data_sourceelement, and modify thefollowing values:

i) Name: student

ii) Host: localhost

iii) Port: 1521

iv) Sid: orcl

v) User: student

vi) Password: !student

vii) # Mappers: 3

d) Click Save & Restart. The student data source should be listed under Existing

data sources. Note that "!student"causes MapViewer to encrypt thispassword after the first time MapViewer is started with this data source defined.

You can verify this by looking at the configuration file.

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In this practice, you create nonspatial and spatial indexes on spatial layers.

Prerequisite:To perform this practice completely, you must have completed the practicefor the lesson titled Loading Spatial Data successfully. If you did not, perform the steps

mentioned in the section Prerequisite for the remaining practices in the practice forlesson 6.

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Practice 8-1: Indexing Spatial Data

1) Create nonspatial indexes on the following columns. Make sure that all the indexes

are created on the indx_tblspctablespace already created for you.

i) GEOD_CITIES(CITY)

ii) GEOD_STATES(STATE)iii) GEOD_STATES(STATE_ABRV)

iv) GEOD_INTERSTATES(HIGHWAY)

v) GEOD_COUNTIES(STATE, COUNTY)

vi) GEOD_COUNTIES(STATE_ABRV, COUNTY)

Note:The following nonspatial indexes were created on the projected layers duringimport:

i) PROJ_CITIES(CITY)ii) PROJ_STATES(STATE)

iii) PROJ_STATES(STATE_ABRV)

iv) PROJ_INTERSTATES(HIGHWAY)

v) PROJ_COUNTIES(STATE, COUNTY)

vi) PROJ_COUNTIES(STATE_ABRV, COUNTY)

Answer: To create nonspatial indexes, run the following statements:

CREATE INDEX geod_cities_idx ON geod_cities(city) TABLESPACE

indx_tblspc;

CREATE INDEX geod_counties_idx ON geod_counties(state, county)TABLESPACE indx_tblspc;

CREATE INDEX geod_counties_abrv_idx ONgeod_counties(state_abrv, county) TABLESPACE indx_tblspc;

CREATE INDEX geod_states_idx ON geod_states(state) TABLESPACEindx_tblspc;

CREATE INDEX geod_states_abrv_idx ON geod_states(state_abrv)

TABLESPACE indx_tblspc;

CREATE INDEX geod_interstates_idx ON geod_interstates(highway)TABLESPACE indx_tblspc;

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Practice 8-1: Indexing Spatial Data (continued)


2) Create spatial (R-tree) indexes on the following layers. Again, set the tablespace

parameter to the indx_tblspctablespace. Also, set the work tablespace parameterto the work_indx_tblspctablespace.

i) GEOD_CITIES(LOCATION)

ii) GEOD_INTERSTATES(GEOM)

iii) GEOD_COUNTIES(GEOM)

iv) GEOD_STATES(GEOM)

v) PROJ_CITIES(LOCATION)

vi) PROJ_STATES(GEOM)

vii)PROJ_INTERSTATES(GEOM)

viii) PROJ_COUNTIES(GEOM)

Answer: Run the following statements to create spatial indexes:

CREATE INDEX geod_cities_sidx on geod_cities (location)INDEXTYPE IS mdsys.spatial_index

PARAMETERS ('layer_gtype=point, work_tablespace =work_indx_tblspc, tablespace =indx_tblspc');

create index GEOD_INTERSTATES_SIDX on GEOD_INTERSTATES (GEOM)indextype is mdsys.spatial_indexparameters ('layer_gtype=multiline, work_tablespace =

work_indx_tblspc, tablespace =indx_tblspc');

create index GEOD_COUNTIES_SIDX on GEOD_COUNTIES (GEOM)indextype is mdsys.spatial_indexparameters ('layer_gtype=multipolygon, work_tablespace =


create index GEOD_STATES_SIDX on GEOD_STATES (GEOM)indextype is mdsys.spatial_indexparameters ('layer_gtype=multipolygon , work_tablespace

= work_indx_tblspc, tablespace =indx_tblspc');

create index PROJ_CITIES_SIDX on PROJ_CITIES (LOCATION)

indextype is mdsys.spatial_indexparameters ('layer_gtype=point, work_tablespace =work_indx_tblspc, tablespace =indx_tblspc');

create index PROJ_STATES_SIDX on PROJ_STATES (GEOM)indextype is mdsys.spatial_indexparameters ('layer_gtype=multipolygon, work_tablespace =


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create index PROJ_INTERSTATES_SIDX on PROJ_INTERSTATES (GEOM)indextype is mdsys.spatial_indexparameters ('layer_gtype=multiline, work_tablespace =


create index PROJ_COUNTIES_SIDX on PROJ_COUNTIES (GEOM)

indextype is mdsys.spatial_indexparameters ('layer_gtype=multipolygon, work_tablespace =work_indx_tblspc, tablespace =indx_tblspc');

3) Describe USER_SDO_INDEX_METADATA.

Answer: Run the following command:

DESCRIBE USER_SDO_INDEX_METADATA

Note that this view does not have information such as the table name and the columnname on which the index was built.

4) Describe the USER_SDO_INDEX_INFOview. Write a query to select all the rowsfrom the USER_SDO_INDEX_INFOview. Appropriately set the line size to view theresults in a formatted manner.

DESCRIBE user_sdo_index_infoSELECT * FROM user_sdo_index_info;

Note:This view contains information about the table name and column name on

which the index was built.

5) Estimate the size of an R-tree index on a table that has 200,000 geometries,

DB_BLOCK_SIZEset to 16 KB (16384), SDO_RTR_PCTFREEset to 10, two-dimensional data, and a geodetic SRID.


SELECTsdo_tune.estimate_rtree_index_size(200000 , 16384, 10, 2, 1)FROM dual;

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6) Run the verify_indexes.sqlscript to check whether all the required indexeswere created. The script is located in the d:\labs\labsfolder.

Answer: Run the script and check the output:

@d:\labs\labs\verify_indexes.sql

The output must be as shown in the following screenshot:

Note:The YP_SIDXindex was imported with the YELLOW_PAGEStable as part ofthe classroom setup. You use this table in a later practice.

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In this practice, you run spatial queries that apply some spatial operators such as

SDO_FILTERand SDO_ANYINTERACT. You view the output of some of the queries inthe MapViewer Simple Spatial Query Visualizer. You also run a query that uses the

SDO_GEOM.RELATEfunction.

Prerequisite:To perform this practice completely, you must have completed the practice

for lessons 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8 successfully.

If you did not complete the practices for lessons 2, 3, and 5, perform the steps mentioned

in the section titled Prerequisite for the remaining practicesin the practice for lesson 6.For this practice, you should have also completed the practice 7-1 successfully. If not, go

back to Practice 7-1 and perform the steps.

To catch up on Practice 8-1, at SQL *Plus prompt, enter the following command:

@d:\labs\catchup_scripts\create_indexes.sql

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Practice 9-1: Querying Spatial Data

1) From SQL*Plus, perform a primary filter query to find all counties that are likely to

interact with the state of New York. Use the geod_statesand geod_countiestables.

Answer:Run the following query to find all counties that are likely to interact with the

state of New York:

SELECT /*+ ordered */ county, c.state_abrvFROM geod_states s,

geod_counties cWHERE s.state = 'New York'

AND sdo_filter (c.geom, s.geom) = 'TRUE';

..

2) This exercise requires that OC4J is running and a connection is properly defined touse MapViewer. If OC4J is not running, follow the directions in Practice 7 to start

OC4J and define a connection to the database. Use the MapViewer Simple Spatial

Query Visualizer to see the state of New York, and all counties that are likely tointeract with it.

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Practice 9-1: Querying Spatial Data (continued)



a) Click the start.batbatch file to start the OC4J server.

b) Open Internet Explorer. Assuming that you have defined the data source, go to the

URL: http://localhost:8888/mapviewer

c) Click the Demos tab.

d) Click jview.jsp. The Simple Spatial Query Visualizer page is displayed.Ensure that the student data source is selected.

e) In the query 1: window, set the fill color to yellow and enter COUNTYin the LabelColumn field. Enter the following query:

SELECT /*+ ordered */ c.geomFROM geod_states s, geod_counties cWHERE s.state='New York'

AND sdo_filter(c.geom, s.geom) = 'TRUE'

Note:Do not end the query with a semicolon.

f) In the query 2: window, set the line color to red and enter STATEin the LabelColumn field. Enter the following query:

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SELECT geomFROM geod_statesWHERE state='New York'

g) Click the Submitbutton and view the map.

3) Find all counties interact with the state of New York.


SELECT /*+ ordered */ county, c.state_abrvFROM geod_states s,

geod_counties cWHERE s.state = 'New York'

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AND sdo_anyinteract (c.geom, s.geom) = 'TRUE';

..

4) Modify the query you wrote for question 2 to display only the counties that interact

with the state of New York.

Hint:Change SDO_FILTERin query 1 to SDO_ANYINTERACT.Answer: Perform the following steps:

a) Enter the following query in the query1: window:

SELECT /*+ordered*/ c.geomFROM geod_states s,geod_counties cWHERE s.state='New York'

AND SDO_ANYINTERACT(c.geom, s.geom) = 'TRUE'

Note:You can set the fill color to yellow and the label to COUNTY.

b) In the query 2 window, enter the following query:

SELECT geomFROM geod_states

WHERE state='New York'

Note:You can set the line color to red and the label to STATE.

c) View the map.

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5) Find all cities and the population of the cities in the rectangle that has a lower-left

coordinate of (109, 37) and an upper-right coordinate of (102, 40). Use the

geod_citiestable.


SELECT c.city, c.pop90FROM geod_cities cWHERE sdo_anyinteract(

c.location,sdo_geometry (

2003, 8307, null,sdo_elem_info_array (1,1003,3),sdo_ordinate_array (-109, 37, -102, 40))

)= 'TRUE';

6) Find all counties and the population of each county that interact with the rectangle

that has a lower-left coordinate of (109, 37) and an upper-right coordinate of (102,

40).

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SELECT c.county, c.totpopFROM geod_counties cWHERE sdo_anyinteract

( c.geom,sdo_geometry (2003, 8307, null,

sdo_elem_info_array (1,1003,3),sdo_ordinate_array (-109, 37, -102, 40))

) = 'TRUE';

..

7) Determine the relationship between the state of New Hampshire and its counties. Set

the COLrelation toA20.


SELECT c.county,sdo_geom.relate (s.geom,'DETERMINE', c.geom, 0.5)

"relation"FROM geod_states s,

geod_counties cWHERE s.state = 'New Hampshire'

AND s.state = c.state;

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Note:For formatted output, run colrelation to a20at the SQL prompt.

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In this practice, you run queries that involve the SDO_NN, SDO_WITHIN_DISTANCE,and SDO_JOINoperators.

Prerequisite:To perform this practice completely, you must have completed the practicefor lessons 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8 successfully.If you did not complete or partially completed the practices for lessons 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8,

refer to the Prerequisitesection in the practice for lesson 9.

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Practice 10-1: Using the SDO_WITHIN_DISTANCE, SDO_NN, and

SDO_JOINOperators

1) Find cities within 100 miles of highway 'I10/I5'. Use the geod_interstatesand geod_citiestables.

Answer:Run the following query:SELECT /*+ ordered */ c.cityFROM geod_interstates i,

geod_cities cWHERE highway = 'I10/I5'

AND sdo_within_distance (c.location, i.geom, 'distance=100unit=mile') = 'TRUE';

2) Find the five nearest cities and their distances nearest to highway 'I170'. Order bydistance in miles.


SELECT /*+ ORDERED */c.city,sdo_nn_distance (1) distance_in_miles

FROM geod_interstates i,geod_cities c

WHERE i.highway = 'I170'AND sdo_nn(c.location, i.geom,

'sdo_num_res=5 unit=mile', 1) = 'TRUE'ORDER BY distance_in_miles;

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Practice 10-1: Using the SDO_WITHIN_DISTANCE, SDO_NN, andSDO_JOIN Operators (continued)


3) Find the five cities nearest to highway 'I170' whose population is greater than300,000, and return their distance to highway 'I170'.


SELECT /*+ ordered */c.city,sdo_nn_distance (1) distance_in_miles

FROM geod_interstates i,geod_cities c

WHERE i.highway = 'I170'AND sdo_nn (c.location, i.geom,

'sdo_batch_size=5 unit=mile', 1) = 'TRUE'AND pop90 > 300000AND rownum < 6

ORDER by distance_in_miles;

4) Find all city-and-county pairs that interact.


SELECT /*+ ordered use_nl(a,b) use_nl(a,c)*/b.city, c.county

FROM TABLE(SDO_JOIN('GEOD_COUNTIES', 'GEOM','GEOD_CITIES', 'LOCATION','MASK=ANYINTERACT')) a,

geod_cities b,geod_counties c

WHERE a.rowid1 = c.rowidAND a.rowid2 = b.rowid

ORDER BY b.city;

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Practice 10-1: Using the SDO_WITHIN_DISTANCE, SDO_NN, andSDO_JOIN Operators (continued)


..

5) Find all cities within 20 miles of all interstate highways.


SELECT /*+ ordered */ a.city, b.highwayFROM TABLE(SDO_JOIN(

'GEOD_INTERSTATES', 'GEOM','GEOD_CITIES', 'LOCATION','DISTANCE=20 UNIT=MILE')) c,

geod_cities a,geod_interstates b

WHERE c.rowid1 = b.rowidAND c.rowid2 = a.rowidORDER BY a.city;

..

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In this practice, you solve queries by using the area, length, and distance calculation

functions such as SDO_AREA, SDO_LENGTH, and SDO_DISTANCE. You run queries toperform buffer operations. You also work on spatial Boolean queries.

Prerequisite:To perform this practice completely, you must have completed thepractices for lessons 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8 successfully.

If you did not, refer to the Prerequisitesection in the practice for lesson 9.

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Practice 11-1: Analyzing Geometries by Using Spatial Operatorsand Functions

1) Find the sum of the area in square miles of all counties around Passaic County in New

Jersey.


SELECT /*+ ordered */ sum (sdo_geom.sdo_area (c1.geom, 0.5,'unit=sq_mile')) area

FROM geod_counties c2,geod_counties c1

WHERE c2.state = 'New Jersey'AND c2.county = 'Passaic'AND sdo_relate (c1.geom, c2.geom, 'mask=TOUCH

querytype=WINDOW') = 'TRUE';

2) Find the sum of the area in square miles of all counties around Passaic County in NewJersey, categorized by state.


SELECT /*+ ordered */ c1.state,SUM (sdo_geom.sdo_area(c1.geom, 0.5, 'unit=sq_mile'))

areaFROM geod_counties c2,

geod_counties c1WHERE c2.state = 'New Jersey'

AND c2.county = 'Passaic'AND SDO_RELATE (c1.geom, c2.geom, 'mask=TOUCH

querytype=WINDOW') = 'TRUE'GROUP BY c1.state;

3) Find all states with a population density over 500 per square mile, and display thearea of each state in square kilometers. Round off the population density.


SELECT state,ROUND (poppsqmi) poppsqmi,sdo_geom.sdo_area (geom, 0.5, 'unit=sq_km') area

FROM geod_statesWHERE poppsqmi > 500;

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Practice 11-1: Analyzing Geometries by Using Spatial Operatorsand Functions (continued)


4) Find all states with borders longer than 1,500 miles, and return the length of each

border.


SELECT a.state, a.lengthFROM (SELECT state,

sdo_geom.sdo_length (geom, 0.5, 'unit=mile') length FROMgeod_states) aWHERE a.length > 1500;

5) Calculate the minimum distance between the highway I170 and Passaic County inmiles.


SELECT SDO_GEOM.SDO_DISTANCE (a.geom, b.geom, 0.5,'unit=mile') distance

FROM geod_interstates a,geod_counties b

WHERE b.county = 'Passaic' and b.state_abrv = 'NJ'AND a.highway = 'I170';

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6) Generate a thirty-kilometer buffer around Interstate I95.


SELECT sdo_geom.sdo_buffer(geom, 30, 0.5, 'arc_tolerance=0.05 unit=km')

buffer_geomFROM geod_interstatesWHERE highway = 'I95';

7) Find all counties that have any interaction with a thirty-kilometer buffer aroundhighway I95.


SELECT /*+ ordered */ c.countyFROM geod_interstates i,

geod_counties cWHERE i.highway = 'I95'

AND sdo_anyinteract (c.geom,sdo_geom.sdo_buffer (i.geom, 30, 0.5, 'ARC_TOLERANCE=0.05UNIT=KILOMETER')) = 'TRUE';

..

8) In the geom_datatable, insert two optimized rectangles by using the followingvalues:

i) Object_id:20

ii) Name:Rectangle1


i) Object_id:21

ii) Name:Rectangle2


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Answer:To insert two optimized rectangles, run the following INSERTstatements:INSERT INTO geom_data VALUES(20,'Rectangle1',SDO_GEOMETRY( 2003, NULL, NULL,

SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1,1003, 3),

SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(5,5, 9,11)));

INSERT INTO geom_data VALUES(21,'Rectangle2',SDO_GEOMETRY(2003, NULL, NULL,

SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1,1003, 3),SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(8,8, 12,14))

);

9) View the two inserted rectangles in MapViewer.

Answer: To view the rectangles, run the following queries:

a) In the query1 window, enter the following query:

SELECT shape from geom_data where object_id=20

b) In the query2 window, enter the following query:

SELECT shape from geom_data where object_id=21

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Note:Change the fill color for the first query to yellow and for the second query to red.Make sure that the Label column field for both query windows is empty.

10) Now, perform a UNIONoperation on the two rectangles. The query should return thegeometry object that is a topological union of the two rectangles. View the result in

MapViewer.Answer:Enter the following query in the query1: window:

SELECT sdo_geom.sdo_union(a.shape, b.shape, 0.5)

FROM geom_data a,geom_data b

WHERE a.object_id = 20AND b.object_id = 21;

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In this practice, you solve spatial queries by using the analysis, MBR, utility, and

aggregate functions.

Prerequisite:To perform this practice completely, you must have completed the

practices for lessons 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8 successfully.If you did not, refer to the Prerequisitesection in the practice for lesson 9.

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Practice 12-1: Using Spatial Analysis, MBR, Utility, andAggregate Functions

1) Write a query to find the centroid (or center of gravity) of the state of Texas.


SELECT sdo_geom.sdo_centroid(c.geom, 0.5) centroidFROM geod_states cWHERE c.state = 'Texas';

2) Write a query to generate the minimum bounding rectangle of the state of Texas.


SELECT sdo_geom.sdo_mbr(c.geom) mbr

FROM geod_states cWHERE c.state = 'Texas';

3) Write a query to find the number of vertices and number of elements in the geometry

for the state of Texas.


SELECT sdo_util.getnumelem(a.geom),sdo_util.getnumvertices(a.geom)FROM geod_states aWHERE a.state='Texas';

4) From the GEOD_STATES(GEOM)layer, generate a geometry that represents theunion of the following states: NH,VT, and NY. View the results in MapViewer.


a) Enter the following query in query1: window. Set the fill color to yellow.

SELECT sdo_aggr_union(sdoaggrtype(a.geom, 0.5)) cow_states

FROM geod_states aWHERE a.state_abrv in ('NH', 'VT', 'NY')

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Practice 12-1: Using Spatial Analysis, MBR, Utility, andAggregate Functions (continued)


b) Enter the following query in query2: window. Set the line color to red.

SELECT geomFROM geod_counties aWHERE a.state_abrv in ('NH', 'VT', 'NY')

5) From the GEOD_STATES(GEOM)layer, find the centroid of the following NewEngland states: MA, NH, VT, RI, CT, and ME. View the results in MapViewer.



SELECT sdo_aggr_centroid(sdoaggrtype(a.geom, 0.5))

FROM geod_states aWHERE a.state_abrv in ('MA', 'NH', 'VT', 'CT', 'RI', 'ME')

b) Enter the following query in the query2: window.

SELECT geomFROM geod_counties aWHERE a.state_abrv in ('NH', 'MA', 'RI', 'VT', 'CT', 'ME')

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6) From the GEOD_STATES(GEOM)layer, find the geometry that forms a convex hullaround the following New England states: MA, NH, VT, RI, CT, and ME. View theresults in MapViewer.



SELECT sdo_aggr_convexhull(sdoaggrtype(a.geom, 0.5))FROM geod_counties aWHERE a.state_abrv in ('MA', 'NH', 'VT', 'RI', 'CT', 'ME');

b) Enter the following query in the query2: window. Set the line color to black and

fill color to red.

SELECT geomFROM geod_counties aWHERE a.state_abrv in ('NH', 'MA', 'RI', 'VT', 'CT', 'ME');

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In this practice, you get a thorough hands-on practice with the Map Builder tool. In this

practice, you create themes and then associate them with a base map. Then you use a

mapclient JSP demo to publish the map to the Web. For this practice, you must access

mapbuilder_10131.ziplocated in the D:\labs\softwarefolder.


practices for lessons 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8 successfully.


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Practice 13-1: Defining Maps by Using the Map Builder Tool

Part 1

As part of this course, many styles are supplied in the Oracle Data Pump format in the

D:\labs\data\styles.dmpfile.1) Assuming that you created a directory object, student_dumpdir, in the previous

lesson practice, import the styles.dmpfile by using impdp.

Answer: To import the styles.dmpfile, perform the following steps:

a) Open a command window and enter the following:

impdp student/student dumpfile=student_dumpdir:styles.dmpnologfile=y

2) Move the contents of the styles table that you imported into USER_SDO_STYLES.Commit the records.


a) Assuming that you have logged in as student in SQL*Plus, run the following

INSERTstatement:

INSERT INTO user_sdo_styles SELECT * FROM styles;COMMIT;

3) For this practice, you must extract the mapbuilder_10131.zipfile into a newfolder under the root D drive:D:\. The mapbuilder_10131.zipfile is placedin the D:\labs\softwarefolder. Create a new directory, mapbuilder, underD:\and extract the zip file there.


a) Create the mapbuilderdirectory under D:\.

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Practice 13-1: Defining Maps by Using the Map Builder Tool(continued)


b) Double-click the mapbuilder_10131.zipfile to open WinZip. ClickExtract. Choose D:\mapbuilderas the location to extract the files into.

4) Start MapBuilder and establish a database connection.


a) Open a new command prompt, and change to the D:\mapbuilderfolder.

b) To start Map Builder, run the following command:

java -jar mapbuilder.jar

c) The Oracle Map Builder interface opens, as shown in the following screenshot:

d) To create a database connection, from the File menu, select New Connection. In

the Add Connection dialog box, enter the following values:

i) Connection Name: student

ii) Host: localhost

iii) Port: 1521

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iv) SID: orcl

v) Driver: thin

vi) User: student

vii) Password: student

e) Click OK.

f) The Connection drop-down box shows the student connection, as shown in thefollowing screenshot:

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Part 2

5) A theme is analogous to a geometry column. Start the Create Geometry Theme

Wizard.

i) Create a theme definition called STATESthat represents theGEOD_STATES(geom)layer.

ii) Select the STUDENT:C.US MAP YELLOWrender style. Select theSTUDENT:T.STATE NAMEtext style for the label column, STATE_ABRV.

iii) Preview the STATEStheme.


a) In Map Builder, right-click Themes, and select Create Geometry Themeto

display the Create Geometry Theme Wizard. Click Nexton the first page.

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g) Click Finishto exit the Create Geometry Theme Wizard.

h) Expand Themes > Geometry Themes. Right-click STATESand select Preview.

Press the green arrow ( ) to start previewing. You can zoom in or out to

preview.

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6) Create another theme named COUNTIESthat represents the GEOD_COUNTIES(geom)layer.

i) Select the STUDENT:C.BLACK GRAYrender style.

ii) Select the STUDENT:T.STATE NAMEtext style for the label column,COUNTY.

iii) Preview the COUNTIEStheme through Map Builder.


a) In Map Builder, right-click Themesand select Create Geometry Themeto

display the Create Geometry Theme Wizard. Click Nexton the first page.

b) Create a theme definition called COUNTIESthat represents theGEOD_COUNTIES(geom)layer. Enter COUNTIESin the Name field and selectthe GEOD_COUNTIEStable from the Base Table drop-down list. Click Next.

c) For Style Type set to Color, click Select. From the Style Picker dialog box, select

the STUDENT:C.BLACK GRAYrender style. Click OK. Click Next.d) Enable Label Style. Select Text for Style Type. Click Select. In the Style Picker

dialog box, select the STUDENT:T.STATE NAMEtext style for the labelcolumn. Click OK.

e) In the Attribute drop-down list, select COUNTYas the label column. Set the LabelFunc to 1 to display the label column.

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f) Click Nextuntil you see the Finish button. View the XML code that Map Builder

will insert into USER_SDO_GEOM_THEMESwhen you click Finish.

g) Click Finishto exit the Create Geometry Theme Wizard.

h) Expand Themes > Geometry Themes. Right-click COUNTIES and select

Preview. Press the green arrow ( ) to start previewing. You can zoom in or outto preview.

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7) A map can be associated with one or more themes. Create a map definition called

SAMPLE_MAP.

i) Add the STATEStheme to SAMPLE_MAP. Set max_scaleto 12,000,000.

ii) Add the COUNTIEStheme to SAMPLE_MAP. Set min_scaleto12,000,000.

iii) Preview the SAMPLE_MAPmap through Map Builder.


a) In Map Builder, right-click Base Maps andselectCreate Base Mapto start the

Create Base Map Wizard. Click Nexton the first page.

b) Enter SAMPLE_MAPin the name field. Click Next.

c) Add the STATEStheme to SAMPLE_MAP. Also, add the COUNTIEStheme toSAMPLE_MAP. Select the theme from the Theme Names box and click the firstbutton (highlighted in the screenshot) to add the theme to SAMPLE_MAP.

d) Make the STATEStheme render until you zoom in to a scale of 1:12,000,000, andthen turn it off (set max_scaleto 12,000,000).

e) Make the COUNTIEStheme render any time that you zoom in more than a scaleof 1:12,000,000 (set min_scaleto 12,000,000).

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f) Click Nextto see the XML that Map Builder will insert into

USER_SDO_GEOM_MAPSwhen you click Finish.

g) Click Finishto exit the Create Base Map Wizard.

h) To preview the SAMPLE_MAPmap through Map Builder, expand Base Maps.

Right-click SAMPLE_MAPand select Preview.i) Click the green arrow to preview. You can zoom in or out to preview.

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8) Now you are ready to publish maps to the Web. MapViewer includes a JSP demo to

help you get started. View the SAMPLE_MAPthat you created earlier.


a) From the MapViewer page, click the Demostab. Click the mapclientdemo.

b) Populate the following fields:

i) MapViewer URL: http://localhost:8888/mapviewer/omserver

ii) Data Source: student

iii) Title: Sample Map(optional)

iv) Base Map: sample_map

v) Map Center X Coord: -70

vi) Map Center Y Coord: 42

vii) Map Size: 10

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Note:Prior to Ratio Scale, a different mechanism called Map Size was used. Map

Size is no longer recommended, but the version of mapclient.jspthat shipswith MapViewer 10.1.3.1 still expects Map Size, and not Ratio Scale. Map Size is

the distance from the north to south in the map display. In this example, it would

be 10 degrees north to south.

c) Click Submit. You can recenter it by clicking the new map center location. Try

out the Zm In, Zm Out, Pan W., Pan N., Pan S., and Pan E. buttons.

d) Click Zm Out until you see the complete US Map with state names.

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e) Now keep clicking ZM In.

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f) View the XML map request submitted by the JSP in the Request/Response/Msg

window.

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In this practice, you set up and run Oracle Maps demos. For this practice, you use a zip

file called mvdemo_10131.zipplaced in the D:\labs\softwarefolder.


practices for lessons 7 and 13.

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Practice 14-1: Leveraging Oracle Maps: The Map Cache andJavaScript API

1) From Windows Explorer, extract mvdemo_10131.zipto the local disk (the rootdirectory on the D: drivethat is, D:\.). When you extract the file, it creates theD:\mvdemodirectory.


a) From Windows Explorer, double-click mvdemo_10131.zipto start WinZipand extract it to the local disk (the root directory on the D: drive is D:\).

b) Click Extract. Enter D:\in the Extract to field of the pop-up menu. Click Extract.When you extract the file, it creates theD:\mvdemodirectory.

2) Connect using system/oracleas the username/password. Create an mvdemouser identified by mvdemo. Grant connect, resource, and create view privileges to themvdemouser.

Answer:Perform the following:a) In SQL*Plus, connect using system/oracleas the username/password and

run the following command:

conn system/oracleGRANT connect, resource, create view TO mvdemo IDENTIFIED BYmvdemo;

3) Import the mvdemo.dmpfile. It is located in the D:\mvdemofolder.

Answer:To import the mvdemo.dmpfile, at the command prompt, enter the followingcommand:

imp mvdemo/mvdemo file=d:\mvdemo\mvdemo.dmp full=y ignore=y

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Practice 14-1: Leveraging Oracle Maps: The Map Cache andJavaScript API (continued)


4) Log in as the mvdemouser in SQL*Plus and run the mvdemo.sqlscript.

Answer: Run the following:

conn mvdemo/mvdemo@d:\mvdemo\mvdemo.sql

5) Through the MapViewer admin page, configure a data source for the MapViewer

demos. Name the data source MVDEMO. Create the data source in a way that

automatically starts when MapViewer starts.


a) Make sure that the MapViewer is running in the OC4J console. If not, double-

click the start.batfile in the D:\mv10131_qsdirectory.

b) Start Internet Explorer and enter the following URL:http://localhost:8888/mapviewer/

c) On the upper-right corner of the MapViewer page, click Admin. Log in as the

oc4jadminuser and enter welcomeas the password.

d) Under the Management tab, select Configuration under Manage MapViewer.

e) At the bottom of the configuration file, either uncomment the example

map_data_sourceelement or if you modified it in Practice 7-1, copy andpaste the map_data_sourceelement and modify the following values:

i) Name: mvdemo

ii) Host: localhost

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iii) Port: 1521

iv) Sid: orcl

v) User: mvdemo

vi) Password:!mvdemo

vii) # Mappers: 3

f) Click Save & Restart.Click the Datasources link under Manage MapViewer.

The mvdemodata source should be listed under Existing data sources.6) Create the USER_SDO_CACHED_MAPSandALL_SDO_CACHED_MAPSmetadata

views. This is a one-time task. Note that in a future release of Oracle Database, thesemetadata views will be created automatically when Oracle Locator or Oracle Spatial

is installed.


a) Log in using system/oracleas the username/password.

conn system/oracle

b) Run the following SQL script.

@d:\mv10131_qs\oc4j\j2ee\home\applications\mapviewer\web\WEB-INF\admin\mcsdefinition.sql;

7) From the MapViewer Admin page, create a cache map instance for the DEMO_MAPbase map, which was loaded when mvdemo.dmpwas imported.

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a) From the MapViewer Admin page, click the Management tab, and selectManage Map Caches and Create. The Select type of map source menu must

be set to Internal.

b) Click Continue. Enter the following values:

i) Name: DEMO_MAP

ii) Data source: mvdemo

iii) Base map: DEMO_MAP

iv) # Zoom Levels: 10

v) Minimum map size: 1000

vi) Maximum map size: 25000000

vii) SRID: 8307viii) Min X: -180

ix) Max X: 180

x) Min Y: -90

xi) Max Y: 90

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c) Click Submit.

8) Now you can run some of the Oracle Maps demos. You can try some of the

following:

i) maps and faces

ii) Display Map

iii) Navigation Panel

iv) Theme Based FOI layer visibility

v) Red Lining

vi) Scale Bar

vii) Circle Tool

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viii) Collapsible Overview Map

ix) Marquee Zoom

x) Move FOI

Answer:To run some of the Oracle Maps demos, perform the following steps:a) From the MapViewer Web page, click the Demostab.

b) At the bottom of the page, click the Oracle Maps tutorial. Click Running thedemos.

c) Each demo is interactive, and the source code is displayed if you scroll to thebottom.

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9) You can create a map cache instance for any base map defined in USER_SDO_MAPS.From the MapViewer Admin page, create a cache map instance for the

SAMPLE_MAPbase map that you created in the lesson titled Defining Maps byUsing the Map Builder Tool.

Answer: Perform the following:

a) From the MapViewer Admin page, click the Management tab, and selectManage Map Caches and Create. The Select type of map source menu must

be set to Internal. Click Continue.

b) Enter the following values:

i) Name: SAMPLE_MAP_CACHE

ii) Data Source: student

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iii) Base map: SAMPLE_MAP

iv) # Zoom Levels: 10

v) Minimum map size: 1000

vi) Maximum map size: 25000000

vii) SRID: 8307

viii) Min X: -180

ix) Max X: 180

x) Min Y: -90

xi) Max Y: 90

c) Click submit.

10) Oracle MapViewer ships with a demo to test map cache instances that you create. The

demo is called OMaps. Test the SAMPLE_MAP_CACHEmap cache instance byrunning the OMaps demo.


a) From the MapViewer Web page, click the Demostab.

b) Click the OMapsdemo.

c) Enter the following values:

i) Datasource: student

ii) Cached Base Map: sample_map_cache

iii) Center_x: -122.4

iv) Center_y: 37.8

v) Initial Zoom Level: 4

vi) Map width: 800

vii) Map height: 600

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d) Click Proceed. Now, you can try out the demo. Click the controls on the map

(highlighted by the red rectangle in the screenshot) to zoom in or out or move to a

particular location on the map.

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Practice 15-1: Creating a User-Defined Coordinate System

No practice in this lesson.

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In this practice, you linear-reference geometries and use some SDO_LRSpackagefunctions. You also run dynamic segmentation queries.


practices for lessons 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8 successfully.


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Practice 16-1: Implementing a Linear Referencing System

In this practice, it is assumed that you are connected as student.

1) Using data from the GEOD_INTERSTATEStable, create an LRS_HIGHWAYStable.The following is the structure of the LRS_HIGHWAYStable:

i) Highway varchar2(35)

ii) Geom. sdo_geometry

Answer:To create the LRS_HIGHWAYStable, run the following statement:

CREATE TABLE lrs_highways (highway VARCHAR2(35),geom SDO_GEOMETRY);

2) The LRS_HIGHWAYStable contains highways that interact with the state ofDelaware (DE), but are clipped at the DE border. Write a query to clip highways at

the DE border, and insert the clipped geometries into the LRS_HIGHWAYStable.


INSERT INTO lrs_highwaysSELECT /*+ ordered */

b.highway,sdo_geom.sdo_intersection(a.geom, b.geom, 0.5) geom

FROM geod_states a,geod_interstates b

WHERE a.state_abrv = 'DE'AND SDO_ANYINTERACT(b.geom, a.geom) = 'TRUE';

3) Insert 2D metadata for the new layer you created, LRS_HIGHWAYS(geom), into theUSER_SDO_GEOM_METADATAview.

Answer: To insert metadata, run the following query:

INSERT INTO user_sdo_geom_metadataVALUES (

'LRS_HIGHWAYS', 'GEOM',sdo_dim_array (sdo_dim_element ('Long', -180, 180, 0.5),sdo_dim_element ('Lat', -90, 90, 0.5)),

8307);

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Practice 16-1: Implementing a Linear Referencing System(continued)


4) Linear-reference all geometries in the LRS_HIGHWAYS(geom)layer. Also,confirm that the metadata was updated.

Answer:Execute the following PL/SQL block of code:

set serveroutput on;

declarestatus varchar2(32);

beginstatus := SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_LAYER('LRS_HIGHWAYS','GEOM',

0, 1000000, 0.5);dbms_output.put_line('Status = '||status);

end;

SELECT *FROM user_sdo_geom_metadataWHERE table_name = 'LRS_HIGHWAYS'AND column_name = 'GEOM';

Note:The geometries in LRS_HIGHWAYSwere linear-referenced withSDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_LAYER. Each geometrys start measure was set to 0,and each geometrys end measure was set to the geometry length. For geodetic

geometries, the length is in meters. For nongeodetic geometries, the length is in the

coordinate system unit.

5) Create an index on the LRS_HIGHWAYS(highway)column.

Answer: To create an index, run the following query:

CREATE INDEX lrs_highway_idx ON LRS_HIGHWAYS (highway);

6) Find the length of each highway in DE. Specify the length in meters.Answer: To find the length of each highway in DE, run the following query:

SELECT highway,SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_MEASURE(geom)

"LENGTH_IN_METERS"FROM lrs_highways;

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7) Create a table called PAVEMENT_CONDITIONfor storing the pavement conditionsassociated with highway segments in DE. The PAVEMENT_CONDITIONtable mustnot contain geometries, but only the measure values associated with the linear-

referenced geometries in LRS_HIGHWAYS. The following is the structure of the

table:i) highway varchar2(35)

ii) from_measure number

iii) to_measure number

iv) condition varchar2(6)

Answer: To create thePAVEMENT_CONDITIONtable, run the following query:CREATE TABLE pavement_condition (

highway varchar2(35),from_measure number,

to_measure number,condition varchar2(6));

8) Insert records with highway-segment pavement conditions into the

PAVEMENT_CONDITIONtable. Use the following values:

i) 'I95',0,5951.5,'good'

ii) 'I95',5951.5, 28000,'fair'

iii) 'I95',28000, 37194, 'poor'

iv) 'I495', 0, 16001, 'good'

v) 'I495', 16001, 18004, 'poor'vi) 'I295', 0, 3000, 'poor'

vii)'I295', 3000, 4000, 'fair'

viii) 'I295', 4000, 8001.5, 'poor'

ix) 'I295', 8001.5, 9603, 'good'

Answer: To insert the records, run the following INSERTstatements (Use thesol_16_08.sqlscript located in d:\labs\solnfolder):

insert into pavement_condition values ('I95', 0, 5951.5, 'good');

insert into pavement_condition values ('I95',5951.5 , 28000, 'fair');

insert into pavement_condition values ('I95', 28000, 37194, 'poor');

insert into pavement_condition values ('I495', 0, 16001, 'good');

insert into pavement_condition values (

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'I495', 16001, 18004, 'poor');insert into pavement_condition values (

'I295', 0, 3000, 'poor');insert into pavement_condition values (

'I295', 3000, 4000, 'fair');

insert into pavement_condition values ('I295', 4000, 8001.5, 'poor');

insert into pavement_condition values ('I295', 8001.5, 9603, 'good');

commit;

9) Create an index on the PAVEMENT_CONDITION(highway)column.

Answer:To create an index, run the following statement:

CREATE INDEX pavement_condition_idx on pavement_condition(highway);

10) Dynamically generate the clipped sections of highways in DE that have poor

pavement condition. This operation is also known as dynamic segmentation. Use thePAVEMENT_CONDITIONtable to clip and return the highway segments where thepavement condition is poor.

Hint:Join the PAVEMENT_CONDITIONand LRS_HIGHWAYStables.

Answer: Run the following query to perform dynamic segmentation:

SELECT sdo_lrs.clip_geom_segment(a.geom, b.from_measure, b.to_measure), a.highway

FROM lrs_highways a,pavement_condition b

WHERE b.condition = 'poor'AND a.highway = b.highway;

11) From the beginning of the I95 highway, traverse 3,000 meters and return thelongitude and latitude at that location.


SELECT sdo_lrs.locate_pt(a.geom, 3000, 0)FROM lrs_highways aWHERE highway = 'I95';

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12) Find the measure position along highway I295 nearest to the followin

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