Impugurwa Ni Nyigishirizo Zu Mushinga Gwa Equator InitiativeUruberara Mubikorwa Bya Majambere Kubya Abaturagye, Ibitwitoroye Na Nubushoboze Bwibyaro

Uganda

ZAMURA ABATISHOBOYE (UPLIFT THE RURAL POOR – URP)

Empowered lives. Resilient nations.

UNDP EQUATOR INITIATIVE CASE STUDY SERIESImiryango ikirinyumaho mubyamajjambere mwisi yose irikugerageza gutera imbere ikoresheje inzira zitabangamira kamere (ubuhangwa) ndetse nabantu. Gucyondoza kumwe kwerekana ingeri yo izo nzira zitangizwa ndetse nukuntu zihinduka nigihe. Kandi nabantu bamwe mukiganiro bagiranye nabahagarariye ibyaro,bagerageje gusobanura ukuntu izo gahunda zigerwaho.Igitongore cya Equator Initiative kije kuzuza uyumwanya waburagaho.

Impano ya Equator yumwaka wi’bihumbi bibiri na cumi na kane (2014) yahawe Imiryango Mirongw’ itatu Nitanu (35) yabantu batuye mubyaro bageregeje gukoresha gahunda zitabangamira ikirere (climate) ndetse nakamere (nature). Hakoreshejwe kutoranya kwa (1,234), mubihugu (121), abatsinze bashimiwe ibikorwa byabo mubirori byahagarariwe numwanditsi wa UN ushinjwe ikirere noguterana kwisi yose kwa’bantu bakyiri inyuma mwiterambere.Byabereye mutawuni nkuru ya New York. Gusuzuma no Kwitegerezabaharaneye chane kumibereho ya mashamba ni cyugire yayo, Ibyobuhinzi nubyorozi nokwizigamira Ibyokurya, Imirebere ya Amazi ni biyaga (inyanjya) Kuno guchondoza nugusuzuma niko kwasobanura imikorere myiza yogutera imbere, nokongera kubwengye bwa’bantu ushizeho nokuba intagarugyero. Uku kwitegereza wagusomanukirwa ku mbaraga zimikorere kamere (local action): Imisomo yavuyemu mpano yi sharahamwe ya Equator imyaka Ichumi (10 years) ishize.

Abasuzumwe Iyi InyandikoMukuru Ukuriye ubuhinduzi: Joseph CorcoranUwayambye Guhindura: Anne Virnig

Abafashije Nokogera MukwandikaAnthony von Arx, Tiffany Challe, Elle Chang, Joseph Corcoran, Lorena De La Parra Landa, Eva Gurria, Anthony Halley, Qiang Li, Kathryn McCann, John Mulqueen, Maryka Paquette, Deganit Perez, Alejandra Pero, Alan Pierce, Daina Ruback, Elizabeth Shaw, Martin Sommerschuh, Anne Virnig, Joshua Voges

Awakuriya Amashusho NoguterezaKimberly Koserowski

Guhamya IbyaditsweThe Equator Initiative baremera kandi bagahamya numunezero mwinshi chane ubufasha buvuye Mugitongore kya Uplift the Rural Poor na chane chane kuyobora, kujinama nokwitanga kwa Madam Beatrice Kabihogo. Ibishushanyu bivuye mugitongore kya Uplift the Rural Poor. Mapskuva mu CIA World Factbook and Wikipedia. Ururimi rwi’Kifumbira rwikigipapura rwaditswe dufatanyijje hamwe na Tumukunde Ivan ariwe Umuvunuzi/Umusobanuzi (Translator) kandi na Venant Sindayigaya ariwe wahamije ibyanditswe (Proof Reader) botwabonye mukunyunrira ku mukutu gwa internet gwi’kinyamahurire kya UN (OnlineVolunteers)http://www.onlinevolunteering.org.

Ibyizweho Cyane United Nations Development Programme. 2016. Uplift the Rural Poor, Uganda. Equator Initiative Case Study Series. New York, NY.

INCAMAKEUplift the Rural Poor Ikyibina kyatangijwe Gutez’imbere Imibereho yabaturagye baturiye hafi namashamba atatu gitunguye mubukire byo rukeragyendo muri Uganda; ariyo Bwindi Gorilla National Park, Mgahinga Gorilla National Park, na Echuya Forest reserve. Uplift the Rural Poor igokora gukendeza kumibanire mibi na mashamba makuru aturira igagye igashiraho imibanire mwiza yabaturagye ni shamba ba kurikije gufasha abaturagye mubahungura baka bona ibyo bakuranga mumashamba mimirima no mumago yabo. Igitongore/ikibina gifuyeyo chane gufashaabaturagye kwiyubaka nokwireberera, kwifashisha kwimigano mumago, gushobora kumenyera imihindukire yikirere kyisi, guhinga ibimondi kandi nokubagezaho amaazi meza asaruriwe ninvira hafi mumago yabo. Itengo nkuru yigitongore/ikibina kyagezeho, nukuzanaho umutekano mubaturagye bomubyaro nubukiko bubakurira bushizwe iyomyanya itatu irebererwa neza. Igitongore gifasha abaturagye gufatanya kyobura imibereho ya mashamba nagahunda izindizokwiyubaka kandi aturagye abuturiye aya maashamba bakaboneramo nuburenganzira bwokwiyubaka bifashije amashamba.

Uplift the Rural Poor yafashije abaturage ni bigenga byamazi yinvura, kandiabagore bakaba aribo bafashe iyambere mu kureberera ibi bigenga. Byubatswe mubyaro Makunywabiri nabirirwi (27) mubicye bi fite ikibazo kyamazi chane. Hariho ubudyo kubyaro abavandimwe bakunganya isente kandi nokwiguza byatanditseho bikaba byarahaye abantu intandikwa gukora/guchuruza bikaba biyambye kugabanya kumwenda (amadeni) no kutabeshwaho nabatanga amadeni kunyungu zihambaye.

INGINGO ZINGENZIINSTINZI Y’ INYURAZUBA: 2014

YATANGIYE MU MWAKA: 2001

ISANGWA: Mukarere ka Kisoro Muri Uganda

ABUNGUKIYE: Murikigitongore ni byaro 88 mu miruka 9

BIGAMIZA: Kumireberere yimyanya shamba iridwa hamwe nimishinga yo gutera imbere abaturagye

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IBIRIMO Imbuganyuma Ni Byuzuye / Ibirebire 4

Imirimo Mikuru Nibisha Bivumbuwe 7

Ingaruka Yibitwitoroye 10

Imibereho Yiterambere Nigaruka Yazo 10

Ingaruka ya Mategeko 10

Uruberera 12

Gusabanisha Ikorwa 12

Abakoregana’ na Urp 12

ZAMURA ABATISHOBOYE (UPLIFT THE RURAL POOR)Uganda

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Uplift the Rural Poor nigitongore giteza imbere imibereho yabaturagye ba Uganda muri Kisoro District. Chatagiye mumwaka wa 2001 gutez’imbere nogufatanya kureberera amashamba arihafi na kure atuyemo inyamaswa nibiti byamoko atandukanye. Igitongore giteza imbere imibereho myiiza yabaturagye kunyura mugufatira hamwe neza kureberera amashamba mubudyo bwiiza.

Kisoro District: Abantu Nimikyika

Disturikiti ya Gisoro isangwa uburengera zuba bwa magyefhoya Uganda (Southwestern Uganda) ku mipaka ya Rwanda hamwe na Democratic Republic of Congo. Ifata ubugari hafi square kilometers (701.4). kandi 3.88 kw’ijana ya district yitorowe namazi, kandi 2.95 kw, ijananinfunzo, kandi igicye kimwe (1) kwijyana namashamba. Disturikiti ya Kisoro yuzuyemo imisozi nibirunga kandi ikaba ifite uburebure bwa hafi Metero 1,980 hejuru yumurongo winyanja. Kuvira ukuntuharemwe (hashaka ubwigendesereje), kandi nabantu biyongera mubwinshi chane buri munsi kandi bose bakoresha ibidukijije kubaho, imibereho yibidukikije iri mugatyabaga mu Kisoro district gushira ikavaho.

Mumwaka gwibihumbi bibiri na cyumi nakane (2014), umubare gwabantu mu Kisoro district gwari gushoboka guri hafi 287,179, kandi gwiyongera 2.21 kw’ijana. Kisoro district isangwamo/ituyemo ubwoko bwabafumbira burimo Abahutu, Abatutsi, nabatwa.

Abatwa nibwo bwoko bworoheje kandi bakaba aribo kuva kyera baribatuye mumashamba ga Bwindi, Mgahinga na Echuya mbere gatarazitirwa kuba amago ginyamaswa.Nubw’ abatwa batuye mwishyamba kuva kyera kwose, reta yabakolone, yabirukanye murago mashamba ga Bwindi, Mgahinga na Echuya mumyaka ya 1930’s kugira leta igire amashamba gitunguye.

Kuva ico gihe, leta nibindi bitongore bifasha leta ntabyongeye gufasha abatwa; gituma baguma inyuma mubyubushubuzi kandi nogufhisha abana bato biriyongerakandi bagira nubuzima bwigihe gito.

Ikyanga kyabo nibakeya kandi obutunzi bwabo nubukire buhora mubagabo gusa kandi nuburenganzira kutaka kandi kurenga- 80% yabagabo ireberera ubutunzi ninyingiza/intasha mumago. Nubwo arabagore bakora chane imirimo yoguhinga nogusarura, abagabo bafite uburenganzira kugurisha ibyo basaruye namagoba kuva mugatare bagurishije.

Ibyubuhinzi nibwo buhagarikijeho Kisoro district. Ibyubuhinzi byinshi biraatanye kandi bakunda guhinga ibigori, amamera, ibijumba, ibishimbo, cabbages, ubutunguru nibitoki. Amatungo numugisha gwubukire muri Kisoro. Kyera, abafumbira bakoreraga kumwe bagafatanya itaka, kandi bagabanaga ibisarurwa bejeje. Ariko, kubera umubare gwabantu gwiyongera burimunsi kirenze,kyazanyeho itaka kuritema bakarigabana birenze gituma ibyubuhingisha bisubira inyuma kuberea gukyerererwa guhinga.

Imbuganyuma Ni Byuzuye / Ibirebire

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Kubera imihingire mibi, batangiyegusarura bikeya kandi bitaboneye kandi byangiza ubutonde bwisi gituma abantu binjirira amashamba arinzwe kugira babone ibyokurya, inkwi, nibindibyo gukoresha.

Gukorana nimyanya itatu irinzwe

Uplift the Rural Poor ikora na baturagye guhuzanya imyaya itatu neza zirimo; Bwindi, Mgahinga, na Echuya. Bwindi national park nishamba ritangushe kunyuramo risangwa mubukika kono bwigihugu southwest Ugandarikaba ryarakujijwe kugera kudara rya National park mu mwaka gwa 1992 kubwokubera umurimo munini rifite kandi rikora kububyamo bw,ingage zomibirunga Nkeya zisigayeho munsi yose.Bwindi yarakujijwe nka Natural World Heritage Site Mukwezi kwa chumi-nakabiri 1994, mu giterane kya UNESCO kijananye nukoreberera ibyubuhangwa kwisi hose. Mgahinga nayo niyakamaro kenshi nka Bwindi, n’ubuhungiro bwingage zomubirunga.Mgahinga na Bwindi zizwi musi yose kumwanya mwiiza gubutonde gufata ibihugu bitatu birimo ibiche bitatu (world heritage sites, a Ramsar cite, & a man & biosphere reserve). Ikindi giche chagatatu kirindwa chane neza aho Uplift the Rural Poor ikora ni Echuya, ishyamba ryomugasozi iri mubukikakono bwigihugu kya Uganda (Southwestern) kiri musharo ya Rwanda. Echuya ifite ubutonde bwiiza chane kubidukikije kubaturiye iruhande. Ishamba rirazwi chane musi yose nkobuhungiro bwibinyonyi chane nka Grauer’s swamp-warbler (Bradypterus graueri) kandi irimo ibiti bikuze chane bya Hagenia-Rapanea bifata ibiche 80% byi shamba ryose.

Ingagi zo mumisozi ziri mugatyabaga

Igikye gifite umumaro mwikyi chane mubifatanye nibyubutonde bwisi kandi gakaba gari amago gingagi zomumisozi (Gorilla beringei beringei); Zisigaye ziri mugatyabaga/ mungorane. Bwindi yonyine isangwamo ingagi zirenga 340 ubwazo kite zikunze kwitwa ubwishi bwa Bwindi kandi zikaba ari ½ kyingagi zomumisozi kwisi hose. Izindi zisigaye zikaba mushamba mumusozi gw’ ibirunga kandi nizahose mu Rwanda, Uganda na Democratic Republic of Congo. Ikibazo kinini,ingagi ziri mukaga / akatyabaga kubera abantu kuzihiga ibyo byose bakaba bizanwa nubukene bwishi chane nuburinzi bukeya kubutonde bwisi kandi nokubura imirimo yinjija isente mubiche byitoroye ago mashyamba.

Ibibazo biva mu bitwitoroye nomubyobuchuruzi

Abuturage barihafi na parike (Park) kuva kyera bahoragabifashisha amashyambanko kubakisha, ibyokurya, imiti, amaazi, inkwi kuva mushamba nibindi bisangwamo byose. Gukingwa kwamashamba ga Bwindi, Mgahinga na Echuya byazanyeho agatyabaga kenkyi chane kubitwitoroye byisi bwegereye amashamba. Kandi ikyo nikyo gihe abantu barimo kwiyongera chane gituma kyongera agatyabaga/ingorane kubutonde bwisi bwitoroye. Bigatera ibyaro kwinjira mumashamba bitemewe namategeko gushakamo ibyo bakeneye.

Nuyumunsi, harachariho ibura ryishi rya-maazi, inkwi, nibindi bintu dukura mumashamba bigatuma abantu baguma binjyira mumashamba kitemerewe. Uko gukomeza kwinjirira amashyambabyazanye ingaruka mbi chane kubiti nibindi bintu nibindi biremwa bitandukanye harimo ingagi zomumisozi. Kubura ibiti byatumye amaazi ginvura gahora gatemba namaani chane

bituma gatwara itaka (Isuri) (soil erosion) itaka risigarira guhura ningorane zumwuzure, guhirima/kumanuka kwitaka ndete nibindi bibazo biva kumihindukire yikirere. Gucika kwishamba bikaba byaratumye abaturage bananirwa kumenyera imihindukirire yikirere.

Amaazi meza kuboneka nacho nikibazo chamaani kimaze kibabaza. Nubwo invura ihora igwamuribyo bice, koroha imiterere y’itaka

(porous geology)nibirunga kubira (volcanic activities)byatumye amaazi gataboneka. Bituma abantu batambura amasaha 3 kyangwa 8 bashaka amazi. Ndetse bamwe bakaninjira nomwishyamba rya Mgahinga gushakamo amazi; abandi nabo bakemera kubyuka saa ikyenda zigichuku gutangira uregendo rwa kilometero 25 bashakisha amaazi mubiche nko kugitagata kya chuo (springs) nokidamu bya jinya (water sources). Kandi ninshuro nyinshi, ayamazi aba ari mabi bigatuma havamo indwara zifata abaana chane. Ibice 1.8 % gusa mur’ ako kace, nibyo bifite amazi mazima.

Ibyenegeza: rubanda rugufi mukutiyungira mugukorera hahwe nabaturagye

Indeberera yamashyamba ga Bwindi, Mgahinga na echuya niyubufatanye. Iyi ni gahunda yogufatanya itaka aho abakoresha itaka nabafiteho uburenganzira (responsible body) bagabana inshingano, akazi ndetse nuburenganzira kandi bakareberera ishyamba bakoresheje umusaruro waryo. Iyi ntegura iri nomumategeko yigihugu kya Uganda yi 2003 yokureberera amashyamba. Ukurikije amategeko ga leta ya Uganda 1997, government ya Uganda ifite uburengazira gusubiza za district amaani kureberera ubutonde bwisi nukubyaro byose hasi.

Nubwo hariho gano mateygeko, ntaho bakunze kuyashira munkora kyigatuma bisubiza inyuma abaturiye amashyamba garinzwe.Ibyubuchuruzi mubyubutonde nindeberera yabwo bikorwa nigitongore kyamashyamba (National Forest Authority) birushaho kwangiza kurusha kubaka.Bitewe noguheza abaturagye murigahunda zokureberera amashyamba, nokuyazitira, abantu barushijeho kuyinjirira none byatumye habaho kutizerana hagati yabakozi ba leeta nabaturagye batuye hafi yago.Ka Uplift the Rural Poor twatangiyemanda yo kongerera kugukyemurwa kuumwiryane wariho hagati yabaturagye na mashamba. Kugirango abaturage bareke guhezwa muri gahunda zokureberera amashyamba. Dushyiraho ibisubizo bifasha abaturage na leeta kandi bitabangamira ubitwitoroye. Igitongore kyatangiye kugira ngo gishireho ibisubizo bitabangamira abaturage, leta ndetse nibitwitoroye.

Ubukomoko bwigitongore cha Uplift the Rural Poor

Mumwaka gwa 2001, Uplift the Rural Poor yatangiweho nabantu batanu (5) bari bafite imigambiyo gukyendeza imwifashirize mibi yamashamba kubwa aturagye bayaturiye bitewe nubukyene, ubutamenya, nizindi byogamizi abaturagye bagira zakamere. Bagize Ikyezero cyo gushiraho gahunda yo gukangurira no guntungura abaturage baturiye ishamba bakazamuka mumiberoho batagirije amashamba. Izina dyigitongore, Uplift the Rural Poor dyafashe Ichemezo kubwimigambi yo kuzamura abaturage.

Muntandikwa, ababantu bari bafite ubushobozi bukeya kureberera igitongore kandi bahuye nibibazo byinshi cyane. Nta office bari bafite,

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ntabakuru (managers) kandi ntanintamburabari bafite. Abagitangiye ntabumenyibwokwandika imitangirire yigitongore (project proposal) gituma bakunganya isente kugira ngo bakorere hamwe, kandi bagire nintego. Nta compter bari bafite changwa ibikoreshwa mu office kandi batatu muribo ntaho bari bazi gukoresha computer. Ntana internet yari muri Gisoro bituma nabazi gukoresha computer Babura uko bakoresha itumanaho. Nyuma yimyaka itatu yokugerageza, babiri bageze aho babivamo bishakira ubundi buzi bwiza. Mumwaka w’2004, batatu baribasigaye, bikozeho ubushakashatsi kugira ngo bamenye impanvu igitongore kitateraga imbere.

Impanvu nyinkyi zashakaga gucyondozwaho zaravuzwe kandi zimwe murizo mpavu harimo iyo kugururaho office ikaba amago gigitongore. Abatangije igitongore bapfuyeyo chane kugururaho office nokushiraho amategeko gayobora igitongore nokureba uko bayamba abavandimwe batuye hafi namashamba.Iyindi mpanvu nkuru yarihejuru kunaniza igitongoregutera imbere yari kubera badafite agakyiko kayobora igitongore. Mugufata umwanzuro, agakyiko kabantu batanu kashizweho gukurira igitongore karimo abantu babiri bareberera amashamba, undi wibyubu churuzi nubutunzi kandi undi yari umushakashatsi (researcher) numukozi woguhuza abantu hamwe kuyamba igitongore guhereza abantu numaziima nomubwenkanya. Amategeko gikibina garanditswe kuyobora igitongore mugahunda zakyo kandi nabakozi bane (4) barinjijwe mugitongore. Kuva nambere, agakyiko kayobora igitongore kakoreraga ubushacye (ntabwo bashashurwaga) kugera aho bagize za contract nubuyobozi bwa district kandi nibindi bitongore bitari ibyaleta byemereye; Uplift the Rural Poor itangira gushashura abakozi umushara guringaniye.

Mumwaka gwi bihumbi bibiri nagatanu (2005), Uplift the Rural Poor batangiye gushakisha abafasha igitongore mubyubuchuruzi, kubafasha mubyamashillinigi nokwigisha abavandimwe mubyaro intego zigitongore. Kuvira muzino nkora, igitongore chashakishije imihare yokwiyubaka na nature Uganda, Albertine Rift Conservation Society (ARCOs). Ukugufatanya kwatumye Uplift the Rural Poor babona umugisha goguhuza nibindi bitongore mubyaro (different civil society organizations) bikorera mu Albertine rift guhuza inama kandi nokongera kwiga byinkyi kuva muri bamemba bibitongore.

Izi nt’egura zose zazaniye igitongore guhura nibindi bitongore nka USAID-LINKAGES Programme kyikaba kyarayambye Uplift the Rural Poor gukorengana neza na local gov’t. Nubufasha kuva muribino bitongore, uplift the rural poor yatangiye kwigisha abavandimwe ibintu byinshi chane kokwimenya akamaro abagabo n’amatungo bafite, kandi utibagiwe ni’ndeberera amataka n’amatungo bafite, kandi utibagiwe ni’ndeberera yi’migano. Ibi byose byatumye igitongore gikura kandi kira komera chane gituma programme zose zigitongore zija imbere ikyazanyeho ibindi bitongore gufatanya nabo.

Uplift the Rural Poor yatangiye gukura kurana itagira kwiyimera mumikorere niho nu buyobozi bya karere ka Kisoro yayinyujijemo hanyuma yibindi bitogore mugufanya gushiraho amategeko yo kugenya ebitongore byotse bijaja bikorera mu disitikiti ya Kisoro. Uplift the Rural Poor ubungubu nigitongore chamani chane mu district ya kisoro kandi kyikaba nakyo giha inama mu nkula nkulana ya district, nizindi gahunda zifasha abantu bose. Mumikorere ya Uplift the Rural Poor ija ifatanyiriza hamwe nabaturagye bose, Ubuyobozi bwa district ya Kisoro nibindi bitongore byamani Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) igitongore gishinjweinyamaswa na mashamba na Uganda National Forest Authority (igitongore gishinjwe amashamba) nibindi bitongore musi yosekubagabungira mukugeza imishinga zo kuzamura abaturagye baturiye namashamba mukubona ubufasha kunva mubagiraneza.

Uplift the Rural Poor nikyo gitongore kimaze gukura chane mu district ya Kisoro kandi kyikaba arikyo gifasha chane abaturage ba Kisoro kandi kyikaba arikyo cya teye imbere Kisoro district mumibereho yabaturagye baribatamezeneza namashamba kya bagejejeho imishinga mwiza chane yobakoreshamo ibitwitoroye neza bikabagirira akamaro no kubongera umutungoIgitongore gifayo chane kureba yuko kimaraho imigambi mibi zose zigendereye kuzanaho kononebwa kwa mashamba kibashiriraho izindi miyoboro yokuba babona uko babaho batononye amashamba gabegereye. Zimwe kumigambi zigitongore nukureba imibereho yabaturagye ihinduka bafatanyirije hamwe gukoresha amashamba neza mugukuramo ibyifashisho, nokureba inyiginza zabantu ziyongereye mumago yabo no mubyaro byabo banyuze mukubigisha inzira nziiza yokurebereramo amashamba nubuhinzi bya kijambere.

Ubuyobozi bwi byi gitore nuko

Igitogore gifite agakiko kirenga kayiyobora karimo abantu batanu (5) binyanga mugayo bafite ubuhanga buhambaye chane mugufasha interambere ni kurakurana yi bitogore. Hasi yaka gakiko hali abakozi bi gitogore bane (4) hali Ukuriye, babiri (2) washizwe iterambere no kubungabugira abaturagye, Umwe (1) umubazi chagwa umubisti wa mashillingi. Aba bose bakahanga imikorereyabo berekereje agako kirega hamwe nu buyobozi bwa Kisoro. Abaturage baturiye amashamba biyunze mugufata mugukora gahunda yi byaro byabo bose hamwe bagafata umwanzuro bagashira mukora gahunda yabo bakifatanyiriza mureberera no gusuzuma imwanzuro biyemeje mu terambere yi cyaro cyabo bafashije in Gistore cha Uplift the Rural Poor. Uplift the Rural Poor ishigikira chane imishinga yitoranyirijwe nabatuuraje uhere kumbogamizi baba bifite murubu buryo igerageza chane gukoregana nubuyobozi bwa karere ka Kisoro District.

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Imirimo Mikuru Nibisha Bivumbuwe

Gahunda yinyitegurira yabaturagye bikabera mukora no kubwisuzumira

Ubuyobozi bwa govumenti ya Uganda bwahoze bwifuza ko buri umwe wese a kwiriye gushira icyifunzo che mugahunda yagavumenti uhereye kurogero rwi charo arimo. Uchu’mubabaro byabaga munyandiko atari mukora. Aho abaturage amjwi yabo nyakuri atunvikanye muhunda yagavementi Aho bitera imbogamizi mu mizamukere aka rere yagwa cyaro. Impavu govumenti irebera ku guhunda nini cyana ki mihanda ikibagirwa ibindi byifuzo byigenzi babaturage baturiye amashamba ikyo kureberaho usaga umurage uturiye ishamba ingoraneye iri ka uko yasarura neza mushamba, kunerwa imwaka kwinyaswa shamba ugasanga yifusa icyamugura mumiberehoye neza nishamba. Hanyuma yuko govenementi itabigezeho bizanaho ubutuvinkana hagati ya leta numuturage utiriye ishamba kyigatuma indeberera yamashamba ikorwa na leta ugasanga abaturagyebo ntibanezerewe kubera leta/gov’t ikora ibyo yungukamo gusa.

Umwaka 2009-2010, Uplift the Rural Poor yifatikanyije na CARE-international - Ugandana USAID – Linkages programme, mugunda yahaye ubureganzira buri muturage kwi nvugira imbogamizi ahura nazo I yo twise Gahunda yikorewe nabaturagye bwite ba kanayishoshoreza (community-based planning and monitoring) ubu buheraza Uplift the Rural Poor yageraje kubukorera mu ibyaro bigera kuri 88 muma Miruka ichenda (9) garihafi namashamba yavuzweho kugira ngo ishoboze govumeti yo hasi gufata umwanzuro wa gahunda wa turage nyako ishobere kubashoboza kugera kubwifuza bwabaturagye ikabishira mukora. Uyu mwazuro Uplift the Rural Poor yakoranye chane nubuyobozi bya Kisoro muguranamubitekerezo bwogufata umwanzoro wa disiturikiti na bantu bayo. Iyindi gahunda yigitongore yariyogufata abakora amategeko nabandi bagezaho ibyo kwifashisha mubyaro kuguma basobanurira abaturage inama zose naza poroguramu zobafite.

Integura yigitongore yageraga/yafashaga buri giche nka mavuriro, ibyisuku, ibyubuhingisha, ibyubwigisha, kureberera ibyubutonde, namashamba. Buri kyaro mubyaro 88 aho iyi gahunda yatongojejwe,

Uplift the Rural Poor Abaturagye ba buri cyaro bivanagamo abantu babiri (2) kuyobora icyaro baka ari bo bashijwe kuvanamo amakuru yerekiranye niterambere ba kana bisuzuma ba ryanzurira icyo kumusi nyaho aho abaturagye bakana menya oko bahagaze mu byerekeye amajambere nibyifuzo byabo aho banabifatira umwanzuro. Izi gahunda zabaturagye zimajije kumenywa yuko zimaraho ingorane mubyaro byahuraga nazo kandizakamenya nibibazo bya abaturage bahuraga nabwo mukugerageza kubafasha mubyamajambere. Iyi gahunda yazanye umutekano mwiza mwichi chane hagati yabaturagye baturiye ishamba nuko bakwirinda inyamaswa mumashamba mukutonona ibihigwa byabo.

Hanyuma yabantu bibyaro kubona abokubashijikyira kubibazo byabo, integura zirahari kongera amaani kuzitira Bwindi na Mgahinga Gorilla National Park. Ubuyobozi bwa leta/gov’t nabwo buri kugerageza kumaraho ibibibazo nokwigisha abantu guhinga amajani. Kuvirira yuko inyamaswa nyinkyi zitarya amajani, kugahinga kizamaraho guhiganya inyamaswa kandi amajani yongere azaneho amahoro yuko bagagurisha bakabona amashillingi bakigezaho ibyobashaka mubyaro. Akamaro gakuru gwibyaro kwifatanya gutuma buri kyaro kimenywa ibyo chifuza bikazana imbere ibibabaza abantu. Inkora/iyinkora izanyeho ibisubizo bimwe nk’amaazi meza kugera mubyaro, gukoresha imigaano mubudyo bushitse, nubutare bwiiza bwibijumba nindeberera yinfunzo nziza. Ibyo bikiraho, Uplift the Rural Poor yatangiyeho pologuramuzi zikaba zizanyeho impiduka zamani mubyaro byose kandi nindeberera zinza kubutonde bwisi mu district yose.

Kugerageza kubona Amazi meza

Kubona amazi ni kimwe mubwibanze bya bonetse mumwanzuro yavuye mubaturagye baturiye amshamba Hafi muribyaro byose byegereye hafi namashamba, abantu batamburaga ingendo zakure chane kugira ngo babone amaazi meza yo gukoresha mumago yabo harimo nko yokunwa. Abantu bamaraga amasaha mecyi chane bashakisha amaazi bitera izindi gahunda zo mumago zihagarara kibyubuhinzi nu byorozi abana mumashuri gusibira no kuvamo. Ikyi

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kyazanyeho umubare gwa’bana benshi kuva mumashuri gituma ubukene bwarinyongeye mubyaro byose.

Uplift the Rural Poor Yafashe umwanzuro wo gushakisha abandi abagiraneza bagafatanya bakubakira abaturagye ibigega byamazi asarurira invura. Bifatanyije nikindi gitongore kya Great Virunga Transboundary collaboration, na Embassy ya Japan mu Uganda, Igitongore kya Uganda Wildlife Authority (Igitongore gishijwe ni’byinyamaswa na district local gov’t ya Kisoro. Igitongore kimazekubaka amatanka gamaazi yinvura maku myabiri nindwi (27) kandi buri tanka ikaba ibika 30,000 lites za’maazi. Burikigenga gifite abayobozi ikyumi numwe (11) bakiyobora batoranyijwe nabaturagye bose kubabera abayobozi abatega rogori bakaba bafite urahari runini chane muri ubu boyobozi .

Buri kigenga cha mazi gikoreswa na amago/ inzu itaka 250 maganabiri na murongo itanu kumitwe yabantu 6250 ibihumbi bitandatu Magana abiri murongo itanu. Uyo murimo wa korewe muri Gitenderi, Rukongi, Gisozi na Bunagana. Buri gakyiko ka’maazi kongera kakagiraho ikibina ky’okobika amashillingi nokwi’guza kitwa (Village Savings and Loans Association) kakaba ariko gakuriye ikyo ikibina ku byaro. Buri inzu muri kyaro ikwiriye guteranya/kubika/gutera mukibina amashillingi aringaniye agera US$0.30 buri kwezi mukibina kyikaba gituma umuntu abika amashillingi agera US$ 909 buri mwaka. Insente, zibitswe kuva imbere zibanza zubaka amatanka ga’mazi yinvura buri muri byaro byose.

Myindi myaka ikurikiraho, amashillingi abitsweateganyirijwe kozogera kubakishwaabigega byamazi bigeri 10cubic litres yibindomura 500 (Magana atanu) kubirinzu muburyo byo gukwirakwiza amazi mu bantu. Igitogore cyakoreresheje inyunganizi yo kwishira ukizana kwa buri umwe wese uhereye mu muryago avamo mucharo nachane cyagamije kwibanda kuri rubanda rugufi cyagwa nabasheshe akaguhe mugufata umwanzuro mu kwenda ko iyi miryago ibyiyunvisha ko umushinga wa mazi ari uwabo cyagwa inyungu yabo. Nubyo Igitogore cya Uplift the Rural Poor cya gerageje ukogishoboye gu sheshekariza abaturagye amazi. Ikibazo kya mazi kyiyogeye kuba igorabahizi mubyaro bituriye amashamba. Abaturagye biyongera gutakamba burigehe kukibanzo kyamazi ibyo bikerekana uruhari runini cyane Upift the Rural Poor yagize mugukiranura ikibazo cyamazi kandi bikagaragaza ko icyifunzo cya mazi kya shimagirwa. Noneho umishija wa mazi ukazafata icyemezo kyogukurakwija mubantu bose mumyaka yimbere izaza.

Ubuhinzi bwi migano Mumago

Mu karere ka Kisoro na Kabale Imigano imberegihe yahoze ikoreshwa mubyubasti, ikwi zocyana, mubyimwuga ko kuhoha kurugero birirugo ryo ryakoreshanga imigano nokugeza ubu. Imirimo yimigano ikora nimwicyi chane bigatera bigatera abayifunza biyongyera hejuru chane kubaturiye amashamba abohino no bohakurya. Imigano isagwa mumwanya mikye chane muraka karere mushamba ya Echuya, Mgahinga na Bwindi. Umuturagye kubona imigano biraguye chane byifuza kunyura mubayobozi ba mashamba akaba aribo bataga ubureganzira kandi bakanakubarira akaganda kamwe gusa buri muntumucumweru. Kandi nuwakiyiba ho acya imigagona hanbwa igihano giremereye chane kajanwa mumbuga zamategeko. Ikyifuzo chimigano gihebuje chane cyazaniye igaruka mbi kumigano mushamba ya Echuya aho bivugwa ko’biche 50% bwimigano bimajije kundindira

kuva mu mwaka wa za 50 kugeza ikigihe Ibi bya vuye mu mwanditsi witwa Banana na Tweheyo. Ndetse binahamwa na baturagye baturiye ishamba rya Echuya. Umwanya gurimo imigano gusa mushamba rya Echuya bi komezwa kuvugwa yuko gwiyongereye gukendeeye kuva ku 20.5% gugera ku 12.5% kandi ugundi mwanya gurimo imigano ni’bindi biti bikomeye gwarakendereye kuva ku 48.2% kugera ku 26.2% hagati yumwaka gwa 1954 na 2001. Uko ’imigano yiyogera gukendera mumashamba arirya niko namtegeko ayigyezura yiyongera gukariha nogukomera chane bikazagera ogihe cyo bubwuka umwiryane hagiti yabaturagye na nishamba nabayiyobora biterwa nubuhereza bubi kubaturagye na bayobozi bi ishamba.

Gusobanura uyu mwiryane Uplift the Rural Poor yifatikanyije nigitogore cya Nature Uganda, na Nile Basin Transboundry Environmental Action Programme, USAID, ARCOS hamwe na National Forest Authority ari bimwe mubitogore biharanira kurinda ibidukyikije hamwe na bayobozi ba karere ka Gisoro aba shijwe ibitwitoroye kurahiri rya govementi, nabaturagye bahagarariye kuyobora ishamba rya Echuya hanyuma Uplift the Rural Poor ya huguye abaturagye baturiye ishamba rya Echuya ibigisha umumaro wishamba rya Echuya mukubafasha muhinga imigano kugo yabo. Inyigisho za nyuze mugukoresha za televizo, mumikino ni ndirombo, kumaradiyo hamwe no muganiro nabaturagye babasaze mubyaro byabo. Binyuze kubyimwunvire miza yiyi gahunda na baturagye havutse mashirahwe abiri (2) arimo abantu 240 bafite intego yo shiraho imbuto yi migano mubaturagye baturiye ishamba. Iki cyabaye intego nziza cyana kubera icyifuzo cyi mboto yimigano kyarutaga abayishaka. Ikyi gikorwa cya baturagye kyatumwe hajaho uruberera rwimbuto yimigano no migihe kizaza

Guhanga ubushubuzi bwiza byi birayi (Imondi) muri Kisoro

Ibimondi bya Kisoro bifite agakyiro gahambaye chane katazwi neza kubera igihe cyobwire bwiza tugira nubutaka bwiza bya Kisoro. Ariko icyumubabaro abahinzi bi bimondi ba Kisoro ntibagira ubuhunikiro bwiza byo musaruro wi bi mondi. Noneho kababa homba ibimondi byabo bigaterwa nurubozo mumusarura ushika hafi 40% nokwiyogyera. Ahinzi becyi bibimondi muri Kisoro ntabagira ubumenyi ni mpuza gahunda ku Soko yi bimondi kandi nu bufasha namahugurwa majababona mubyekeranye no gufunga ebimodi bakabona impamya bwemezo nubushoborizi byo shira ibimondi ku soko. Abusaho baja ba fugira ibimondi bu bika ibwuya bwishi bigatera ibimondi kubora bigahombesha umuhinzi. Abahinzi nta bumenyi cyagwa uhunga bafite mubifanyije no gusarura nu bushubuzi byi bimondi bakoresheje ubuhanga bwa Kijambere. Kubwiyi mpavu bikabatera uhinzi aja mugihomba kyinini chane kubya ‘gakyiro gakye gahabwa uhinzi wi bimondi nabo bita bakayungirizi.

Gukemura iki kibazo Uplift the Rural Poor yi fatikanyije na International Fertilizer Development Center, (IFDC). Bazanyeho amahugurwa mu bahinzi bi bimondi mu nsarura zinza yi mondi bi gasukurwa bakarobanurwa hanyuma bakabifunga bu busaho byemerewe butakonona ibitwitoroye bikonzwe migagano nibindi. Ikitogere cybanze mugufasha abahinzi bi bimondi mu mashirahamwe 6 ariyo muma gombolola ga Muramba, Nyarusiza, Chahi, Kanaba, Murora na Nyakabande.

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Indeberera yi’kengero in yifunzu ni’ngezi (ibiyaga)

Ibyubuhinzi nubyorozi nibyo byibanze mukoresha yubutaka mu karere ka Kisoro. Byigiririza ku 93.4% yabaturagye ba Kisoro. Ubutaka bya Kisoro babuhinga chane ikirega kandi burachagaguye chanekubwi mpavu za kyera za babyeyi gutaga no gutekesha abaana babo ubutaka kandi umubare wa bantu uhora wiyongera buri musi. Ikyurugyero twisaga muri Kisoro umuryo cyagwa urungo ruhagamwe kubutaka 0.8 kigisayu cyu mumpira. Noneho ndusanga Ubutaka bugenda bufunda chana ugerangirije naba butuyeho. Tugisanga abaturagye beshi biyongera guhinga mukekegero zibitwitoroye byngirakamaro ki gishanga kyi Nyanja ya Mulehe. Ugasanga abaturagye bicha amatageko yi gihungu agenga imwitozo yo kureberera ikengero zi ngezi ni mwuzi nyabaryendwa. Gusobanura iki kibazo mu mwaka 2002 to 2004, igitogore cha IUCN cyashize ho ubufasha mu baturagye baturiye inyaja ya Mulehe ifatikanya nubuyobozi bya karere ka Kisoro ba kora gahunda yo kureberera neza inyanja ya Mulehe. I yi gahunda yashinzweho yemeza yuko hakwiriye gusigaho umwnya ugana irirwi – ichuma (7-10metres) hagati yinyaja nubutaka bukoreshwa nabaturagye kungirago ingezi nibituriye bingumane nubizima byayo. Uplift the Rural Poor yatoranyijwe na IUCN iya ubufashanubushoborozi byo

gushira mukora ya gahunda yariyarateguye nubuyozi bya karere ka Kisoro uko bahuza hamwe abaturagye nabahinzi bose baribafite obutaka hafi ni’genzi ya Mulehe mukwenda kwemeranya gushiraho urubibi hagati yigezi nubutaka.

Uplift Rural Poor yigambiye muguhura nabaturagye yigambiye mukobayobora muhigwa byabana neza nibindikikije kandi bikanungura umuturagye ibigwa bimwe byari ki’ buto, nibindi bihigwa bya teza imbere bikanugukira umuturagye. Uyo mwanzuro wakozwe kungirago igitogore kingire uburyo bwiza byo kwizeza ubuturagye wakoresha urubibi ryinya kuninubwa akitomba kaho ibihombeyemo kutahinga murubibi ryi’nyaja. Uplift the Rural Poor yaguriye abaturagye nabahinzi ibiti bifuzaga ibiha abinzi 267 bahabihinga murubibi rwinja kandi ishiraho na mahugurwa uko baza bireberera kunirago bigukire. Uyu mushinga waruwigehe gito chane ariko washizeho imwunvire mwiza chane mutubaturagye bareba uko iyi nyaja nifunzo chari cyononekaye. None ho rero kungirago iki gikorwa gigumeho iteka Itogore chakifujije kubona ubundi bufasha kungira go bashoboregushirishaho gahunda yokuguma irambura, ika nakyondoza imibereho yi gezi nigufunzo bikorwa nabaturagye kubyo bushake byabo bigamije munyungu babona mo.

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Ingaruka Yibitwitoroye

IGARUKA ZIBI TWIKYIKIJE Uplift the Rural Poor ikorera imishinga yayo mumpande za mashamba arizwe chane ya Bwindi and Mgahinga Gorilla National Parks na Echuya. Aya namashamba yagacyiro gahambaye chana kwisi yose kwibwipanvu zi nyamaswa ne bimera byigirakamaro gahebuje kuriyisi nduturiye Ishamba rya Echuya nirimwe mugirakamarokanani cyane mubitwitoroye naniryo ububiko byi bimera nyishamba byicyi bigereye imperuka yabyo kurisi harimo ibimera bifite ubyoko 127, harimo ubyoko bwi ‘nyoni 85, hakabamo ubwoko bwi nyamaswa 20, ubwoko byi’ ibinyuguyungu 54, hamwe ndusimba 43 byose ari mbona kimwe kusi yose. Kuri binvuzwe harinyoni zubyoko umunane zisagwa muri Echuya zegeraje ihero kwisi yose. Harimo na akanyoni bita Graver’s swamp – warbler Bradypterus graueri)ubusimba musiyose buboneka/budakunze kuboneka ariko buri murufuzo rwa muchuya ni’zindi ifunzo za Bwindi. Ibindi binyonyi bisangwamo harimo Hanosome Francolin (Pternistis nobilis), Regal Sunbird (Nectarinia regia), Dusky crimson-wing (Crytospiza jacksoni), stripe-breasted Tit (Parus fasciiventer), collared Apalis (Apalis ruwenzorii), red-faced woodland-warbler (Phylloscopus laetus), na Ruwenzori Batis (Bais diops). Ishamba dya Bwindi benchi bazi yuko dyutwa bwiiza bwadyo harimo na Gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei) nyi’nkyi chane.Bwindi na Mugahinga namwe mu ma Parike aba mukirere kyi mirongo yi Burunga (Greater Virunga Landscape) Afite agacyiro gahambaye chane mubitwitoroye kubyo hasagwamo ibimera ni nyamaswa za gacyiro chane aya mashamba akamba arimwo ndusaga ubyoko bukye chane bwi’gange busigaye kwinsi yose.

Uplift the Rural Poor yakoze umurimo munini chane wo gukorera abaturagye baturiye aya mashamba yachiro gahenze mugushiraho imishanga ya bafasha ikaba zanira amajambere mu’mago yabo banonye amashamba ni biyatuyemo. Mu mishinga yo gutenza imbere abaturagye bungukiyemo Umushinga wo gusasana amazi meza mubaturagye bifashsha ibigenga byamazi asarurwa ni’nvura, Guhinga Imigano, Biika guza mumshirahamwe yaba turagye mubyaro, amahugurwa kumibanire yibitwitoroye nabaturagye nuko bareberera ibitwitiroye, hamwe nuchuroze buguzi mukwiteza imbere.

Igitogore cyagerageje gushiraho uburyo byakoreshwa mugukyendeza umwiryane ubaho hagati yabaturage ni nyamaswa shamba kungirago bahizi baturiye ishamba ibihigwa byabo birekyeraho kononerwa ni nyamaswa.

Muribimwe Igitongore cha gerageje gukora mukunganira mumbu bureberezi bwiza byi bitwitoroye kwaru gu kuburanira abaturagye mukwiyunga mugushira engendererwaho nagahunda ikorwa bwi’bitwitoroye.Izi gahunda zazanye ho uburyo bwiza byo kubonamo ikwi unyuriye mu buhinzi byi’migano binaha nubushoborizi byo kurinda ubutaka byabo bwite bakanabemerera gusarurara neza mushamba burije kubwifuzo bya baturiye ishamba. Ibyo byose nubyo byakozwa hanagumweho imbogamizi utuka mu rinda ishamba kurihari rwa Gavumeti aribo National Forest Authority bo ari bo gusa bafite ubureganzira byo kugurisha umusaruro uva mwishamba gusa abaturagye baturiye ishamba bakaba batakwemerwa kugira ucyo ba ryukukaho binyunzwe mwi gurisha rivuye mwishamba. Aho umuragye akunva ko ahohohewe chane wikanaza ikirakari hagati ya baturiye ishamba na bareberezi ba gavumenti.

Uplift the Rural Poor ikoresha uburyo bwichi muguhungura abaturage mu byerekeye unyungu nubwiza byo kurinda ibitwitoroye cyagwa ibindukikije. Bahuguza abaturagye kakoresha Imikino kamere, Radiyo, inyandiko byo murime rwu rufumbira.

IMIBEREHO YITERAMBERE NIGARUKA YAZO Ikyigenzi Uplift the Rural Poor’s yakoze mwiterambere yabaturagye kwari kubaha ubushozi nu bureganzira byo kwi vungira ibwifuzo byabo binyunzwe mumushinga wa turagye aho bikoreraga gahunda kugiti cyabo bwite. Igitogore cya kureye mu uyu mushinga wabaturagye kwikoreragahunda mu byaro 88 aho abaturagye baturiye ishamba bafataga imwanzuro ibabugamiye nuko yakemurwa bakurikyije mimireberere mwiza yibyitwotoroye ikamazanira amajambere. Muri buri cyaro mubyaro 88 hagamo abantu babiri bogufata inyando zabo bakana’basobanurira uko

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incyoro cyabo ghaze mubya majambere bakazagyeza inyandiko zabo bakazigyeza mubayobozi babishizwe.

Uplift the Rural Poor yahunguye aba bantu babiri bavaga mubyaro mu shaka shaka amakuru bakyasobanura neza mubyaro byabo no kumiruka mugihe untegura zagahunda za govenimenti zagyendaga mumaso. Hamwe no kumenya uko makurikirana imishinga yavuye mubatutagye mubyaro byao. Umishinga wo kugeza amazi mu baturagye numwe mumushunga wa vuye mugahunda zabaturagye kandi ibigenga bya mazi bigera 27 byarubaswe mubyaro 20aho amago 6,250bashikirinza amazi bifashishije ibi bigega. This has iki cyabaya icyaacyiro kaninin kubaturagye baraguhijwe chana amasaha mechi bamaraga bashakisha amazi batagiye kuyakoresha inzindi yahunda zamajambere mumago yabo.

Nindi mishinga kimwe kiyi yarakozwe aho abaturagye batagiye guhinga imigano kwenda kobabona ikwi zogutesha no gukendeza kurugenda abagore nabana kakoraga bashakisha ikwi no kwhirira amatungo. Igotogore ky banze mugiteza mbere imishinga yakwigiraza isente abturagye werekeranyije nibyu bucyuruzi bihari. Icyo kureberaho, Uplift the Rural Poor yakorenganye nabahinzi bi’bimondi mukuryanya igihombo bahuraganacyo cyageraga ku 40% banyura muguhungura abahinzi oko ba fuga no guhunika ibimondi neza. Igitogore cyafashije gusira mahaugwa mu bahinzi bi’bimondi mu mumenyi byo gufunga, gusukura no kuromaunura ibimondi kungira go bi bone agakyiro keza musoko. Uplift the Rural Poor yageargyeje gushakira amshirahawe masoko meza yibimondi kandi babhuza nabubyukorikori kwenda ko ba shobora kubona ibifungirwa ibimondi bikamara igihe bitabora

Uplift the Rural Poor ifatanyije na Nature Uganda bakoze umushinga go guhungura baturagye baturiye ishamba rya Echuya mu buryo bakora mo imishinga yinyigiza. Kandi uyu mushinga wateraga imbere chane uruhare rwu muturagye uturiye ishamba mu ndeberera yishamba ifasha abaturagye mu guhitamo imishinga igenda neza nibitwitoroye. Aya mahugurwa yakonwe na Uplift the Rural Poor abaturagye bahise mo ni uko babana neza mu makipe chagwa mumshirahmwe, uko bafata umwanzuro wo buchuruzi, kubika inyandiko, kwandika amategyeko, hamwe no kwandikyisha ishirahwe mubuyobozi by govementi

Uplift the Rural Poor mugaunda yakoraga yose yimbanze muguuteza imbere noguha ubushozi abagore kungirago ibyifunzo byabo bibe byakunvikana mugufata imyanzuro yo gunteza imbere ubureberere byiza byi byubindukikije niterambere ryimiryago cyagwa amago. Igitogore cya haye ubushoborozi imiryago itishoboye mu gituragye kugira uruhari mubu yobozi mumishinga yi cyaro baturimo. Imwe kigenzi cyakozwe naho abagore batoranyigwe kuba bakuru bagakiko gagenga ibibigega byamazi micyaro 27 aho ibogenga byamzi byubasweni gitogore.

INGARUKA YA MATEGEKO Uplift the Rural Poor yibanzechane mumirimo yayo hafi ni’myanya itatu yegereye aharindwa chane mu karere ka Kisoro. Iyi’myanya yobarinda chane ifite amategeko gobagenderaho kandi ni’bivamo bafite Ukuntu babigabana buri’muntu akabonaho. Kugabana amagoba kwashizweho kugiira ngo abantu bose baboneho kubivuye mumashamba ukuri ababireberera na’bantu bokubyalo bose. Amategyeko gagobererwa mukugabana ibivuyemo mumashamba garazwi kandi garandistwe yuko numuntu wohasi kukyalo afite kubonaho. Muri bimwe bikorwa icho kureberaho, ishamba rya Echuya pologuramu yokureberera ishamba yatangiyeho mumwaka gwamirongo cyenda nakane (1994), ifashijweho na Nature Uganda nabakuru bibyalo bose naba magombolora, Uplift the Rural Poor hamwe ni’gitongore gikuriye amashamba (National Forest Authority) mugi’hugu. Hanyuma mumwaka gwibihumbi bibiri nakarindwi (2007) mukwezi kwa chumi (October) Agreements impapura zirimu ibifatanye nokureberera amashamba-zarasayinizwe hagati Yigitongore jishizwe amashamba (National Forest Authority) na’bantu bomubyalo na’ Leta (government). Ibibina bine (4) bishizwe kureberera amashamba byatangineho kandi gahunda ni’tego zabyo zirorekwa yuko ichambere chabyose kwarukureba bafatanya mubifatanye nokureberera amashambe kandi nokugerageza gufasha abantu babagaho bafashizwe namashamba chane harimo abagore ba’batwa na’baana/iminyeto.

Uplift the Rural Poor yagerageje kubaka umusigye gukomeye gufatanye nokureberera amashamba nu’bundu/ni’bindi butondo bwisi kiyamba abantu mubyalo ni’bindi bitongore birwanira obutonde bwisi na Leta (Gavumenti). Bimwe nkutengura za Leta (Gavumenti) nukureba bageza ubutegetsi bya karere ka Kisoro nogufatanya ni’bindi bitongore bya’bantu gufatira hamwe bakareba na’bantu bohasi kubyalo kwitaba muguhaana inama mubyo kwi’tungura no’kwiyubaka hamwe nokureberera amashamba nizindi mishinga (projects). Ikyi kyatumye habaho gutafanya nabose gituma igitogore kya Uplift the Rural Poor kyemerwa chane nki’gitongore gikuru kyizanyeho amahoro nogufatanya hagati ya Leta (Gavumenti) nibindi bitongore bitari by Leta (Gavument) na’baturagye bibyalo bose. Bimwe kubyubako bya Leta (Govumenti) bikoze umurimo gwa’maani chane gufasha Uplift the Rural Poor nimirimo yabo bakora guhuza Leta (Govenementi), kundisitikiti nokubyalo byose, imiruka, nokumagombolora hose nahandi hobashoboye kugera. Mukunyurira mu pologuramu za Uplift the Rural Poor, hajeho amahoro na’majambere hagati ya leta/govementi na’baturagye bomubyalo bose mukumaraho bimwe bibazo nka ubuvugizi (advocacy), gukunganya abantu/abaturagye (community mobilization), ibitongore byokuyamba musente (funding), imyanzuro (accountability), abokwibazaho (consultation), kwisuzuma no’kurambula imishinga zigenda imbere (evaluation and monitoring).

Unyuriye mu gitogore cha “UPLIFT THE RURAL POOR nduhana ubyenge nabandi bahuzabikorwa bagashora kutwigiraho ubyegye natwe tukanabigiraho. Mukwishirahamwe

mugushiraho impiduka nini chane mu mibereho yabaturagye batureye abidukyikije birizwe.” Beatrice Kabihogo. Mukuru wu mushinga gwa Uplift The Rural Poor

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Uruberera / Gusabanisha Ikorwa

URUBERERA Bimwe kubi tumye igitongore kya Uplift the Rural Poor gihangara chane harimo gukoresha amazima (transparency) nokubara ibitabo (accountability) neza kunyura mukubika ibitabo neze noguhaza imwanzuro abafatiraho igitongore kyangwa’si abayambaga igitongore musente na’bantu bomubyalo ni’bintu byinshi Uplift the Rural Poor kimajije gukorera abakozi bacho mukuba traininga, gufatiira hamwe nuko ubuyoboozi bwa district bwinjyira bumuri gahunda ni mishinga zose za Uplift the Rural Poor. Uplift the Rural Poor ikoresha guha burimuntu uburenganzira guha’inaama kyoreka yuko imirimo yose yigitongoro ifashe kiyamba ibyalo kubagezaho ibyo kwifashisha ni’bindi. Ibyalo bikorera hamwe ni’gitongore byagaragajije yuko byemeye kwiga nogukorera hamwe gushira imbere pologuramuzi zose zigitongore. Ubuyobozi bya karere ka Kisoro nabwo bwafatanyije ni’gitongore kya Uplift the Rural Poor mugutera imbere mugushigikyira imirimu yose yigitongorekandi kureba yuko buri kyalo kyose kyi’tabyemo mu pologuramuzi nogukorera hamwe muguhana ibitekerezo byubaka.

GUSABANISHA IKORWA Uplift the Rural Poor ni’gitongore gi’kunda kugabana nibindi bitongore ubumenyi bwogi’fite kandi kyongera guha inaama na gahunda ibindi bitongere na’bantu kugira ngo bifashe mu Karere / Disiturikiti. Igitongore kibaramisha ibindi bitongore bikorera mubyalo kuza kabaramburaho kugira’nga abashaka babona umugisha go gushomeshwa gahunda nimikorere ya Uplift the Rural Poor. Impuza bikorwa (networks) nka ARCOs na Uganda poverty conservation learning group nibyo igitongore gikoresha kumenyesha abandi bantu ni’bindi bitongore gahunda zisa zose. Inzi mpuzabikorwa zokunvi’nkana zimajije gufasha ibitongore nka International Gorilla Conservation Programme gukorera hamwe na Uplift the Rural Poor kongera kujana imishinga mubindi biche bibyalo munda na’haafi yi’misozi ya’birunga.

ABAKOREGANA’ NA URP • Great Virunga Transboudnary Collaboration (GVTC): Yafashije

mu guhereza abaturagye baturiye inshamba rya Mgahinga amazi meza banyuriye mu kubaka ibigabyamazi mu byaro.

• Embassy yubuJapan muUganda: Ya fashije mukibakira abaturagye bu muruka wa Bunagana mu kugezaho amzi meza bifashije ubinga byamazi Yinvira

• (International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC) – CATALIST Uganda): Batwerereye sente kandi bongera nogufasha mubyi suku, kurobanura, guha ubuchiro ni’mpankira nzinza zumurembe bakoresha ubutonga na’zabox zikozwe mumigaano kandi bitakonona ibitwitoroye.

• CARE-International: Yafashije mushinga wo kora gahunda zabaturagye baturiye ishamba rya Mgahinga na’Bwindi mumagomborora ga Bukimbiri, kirundo, Muramba, Nyabwishenya na Nyarusiiza.

• USAID–Linkages: Yafashije mushinga go kora gahunda zabaturagye mugombora ya Murora.

• Albertine Rift Conservation Society (ARCOs): Yafashize gahunda yo gutera imigaano mubyalo biri hafi nishamba rya Echuya gukyendeza kumisarurire mibi yi‘migaano mumashamba bitemerewe. ARCOs yarongeye iyamba Uplift the Rural Poor mukubona ubushobozi mubifatanye nokumenywa, mugutesha ubudyo bwokwiyubakamo, kwandika gahunda zigitongore, kubona ukuntu babona ubuvugizi (advocacy) hamwe nogushakisha sente zigitongore kugira ngo polaguramuzi zigende imbele.

• IUCN: Yayambye muguha amashillingi/sente yokuzitiranokureberera ubutonde/ibitwitoroye hamwe nogu traininga abantu mubyalo uko bakwiriye kurinda Ibitwitoroye hafi na mulehe kugira ngo abantu batonona amashamba kandi bahindure no’mupinga.

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• Nile Basin Transboundary Environmental Action programme (NTEAP): Iki gitongore kyayambye chane guhisha imigaano.

• Nature Uganda: Yafatanyije na Uplift the Rural Poor mukwigisha abantu gahunda kubafasha kwibeshaho hafi nishamba rya Echuya hamwe nogufasha abaturajye mugungiraho imishinga, gutangiraho ibibina namashirahamwe yo byokubika no’kwiguza, uko bakwiriye kubika ibitabo, guhana ibitekerezo byokwiyubaka, kurambura hamwe nokureberera pologuramuzi

mubyalo nokubaha amakuru afatanye nibyiza amashamba gadufitiye.

• Uboyobozi bwa Kisoro Disiturikiti (Kisoro district local government): Yayabye chane kureba ngo buri’muntu yitabye mu pologuramuzi zose zigitongore kandi nokureba ngo abantu batangiyeho bwa’biziness mubyalo. Leta (government) yagejejeho abantuibyo kwifashisha ikyatumye igitongore kirama nogukura kyikaba ikya maani chane.

IBYOKUTUYOBORA IBINDI• Hughes, O, Roe, D&Thomas, DHL, Eds, Kubibonera Hamwe (Getting it together): Uko Ibitongore bimwe mu East Africa bigerageje

guhuza Ibitwitoroye ni’kurakurana (How some local Organizations in East Africa have succeeded in linking conservation and development’, IIED, 2014. Available online here.

• Ubuyobozi bwa Kisoro local government (Kisoro District Local Government), ‘The state of Environment Report for 2007/2008’, 2008. Available online here.

• Bush, G, Namindo, S, Aguti, C&Plumptre, A, ‘Umumaro gwa’mashamba ga Uganda (The value of Uganda’s Forests): A Livelihoods and Ecosystems Approach’, 2004. Available online here.

• Banana, AY&Tweheyo, M, ‘The Ecological Changes of Echuya Afromontane Bamboo Forest, Uganda’, East Africa Wild Life Society, 2001. Available online here.

Equator InitiativeSustainable Development ClusterUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)304 East 45th Street, 6th Floor New York, NY 10017Tel: +1 646 781-4023 www.equatorinitiative.org

UNDP ifatanya naburi’muntu wese kururengo rwotse buri muri gichye kugerageza kubaka Ibihugu bya kwihanganira ibibazo, bakagerageza gushakisha ubudyo bwo bayambamo abantu kuva mubibazo bakabona amajyambere nogukurankurana kwa’buri’muntu. Aho tuvugira bino, Ibihugu Ijyana namirongo rindwi- nirindwi (177 countries) nibindi byegereyeho nibyo bibona ubuyambi kuva mu UNDP kugeza kumuntu wo hasi chane utishoboye kandi bakayamba nibihugu bitishoboye.

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