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How do we deal with the drug problem?How do we deal with the drug problem?

Lesson 14

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Picture readingPicture reading

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吸毒的你（痛心疾首） - 视频 - 优酷视频 - 在线观看

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How do we deal with the drug problem?

Warm up & Preview1

Background2

Text Analysis3

Discussion & Revision4

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Warm up

Drug Problem

Vocabularies Related to Drug

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Drug Problem

Drug addiction has been described as a pathological relationship to a ________. What kind of symptoms indicates that someone has a drug problem? Well, for a start, it is obvious that the person has a problem if they deny or try to hide their drinking or drug use, or ______ to everyone that they are taking less than they really are; if they try to make excuses for their drug-taking; if they avoid talking about their drug-taking habits and ________ the problems associated with drug use; if they seek out friends who are also drug users; if they have drug-related problems such as accidents, financial difficulties, absenteeism, _______ illnesses, difficulties at work, conflicts with family and friends.

substance

pretend

minimize

frequent

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Drug Problem

And of course it is _______ true that hard drugs are more of a problem than soft drugs. If someone is taking cocaine or _____ regularly then they certainly have a Drug Problem and need help in trying to overcome it. If on the other hand they are taking cannabis now and again, most people would accept that it does not constitute a Drug Problem.

The Drug Problem affects all of us, because drugs ___ crime. Illegal drugs are now more widely available than ever before and children are __________ exposed to them. Drugs are not just a threat to health; they are also a threat on the streets and a serious threat to communities too, because of drug-related crime.

certainly

heroin

fuel

increasingly

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One answer to the Drug Problem is to improve job

opportunities, because drug taking is often _________

with other social problems such as unemployment,

boredom, ________ from society and so on. Perhaps

the best approach is to help people to resist drugs,

and at the same time protect communities from

drug-related crime by better policing; make

treatment for drug addicts more readily available;

and to ____ the availability of drugs on the street.

There are no easy answers to the Drug Problem. But

there is plenty of support out there if drug users do

decide that they want to ____ their drug habit.

associated

alienation

stifle

kick

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Vocabularies Related to Drug

cannabis

cocaine

stimulants

opium

heroin

morphine

crack

dolantin

“ice”

“ecstasy”, XTC

大麻可卡因兴奋剂

鸦片海洛因

吗啡快克

度冷丁冰毒

摇头丸

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drug dependence

drug of abuse

drug addiction

abstinence syndrome

drug addict

injecting drug user, IDU

snorting

physical dependence

psychic dependence

physiological dependence

psychological dependence

药物依赖性滥用药物

毒瘾戒断综合症

吸毒者注射毒品滥用者

鼻吸身体依赖性精神依赖性生理依赖性心理依赖性

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drug-seeking behavior

drug-taking behavior

compulsive drug use

polydrug abuse

detoxification

withdrawal

rehabilitation

reintegration

觅药行为

用药行为

强迫性用药

多药滥用

脱毒

脱瘾

康复

重返社会

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《 Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971 》

《 United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psycho tropic Substances, 1988 》

National Institute on Drug Dependence《 1971 年精神药物公约》《 1988 年联合国禁止非法贩运麻醉药品和精神

药物公约》 中国药物依赖性研究所

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International Narcotics Control Board, INCB

United Nations International Drug Control Programme, UNDCP

World Health Organization, WHO联合国国际麻醉品管制局 联合国国际禁毒计划署世界卫生组织

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Community Epidemiology Work Group, CEWG

Asian Multicity Epidemiology Work Group, AMEWG

美国社区药物滥用流行病学工作组亚洲多城市药物滥用流行病学工作组

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Background

Author

Drugs: The Hidden Danger to Youth

Themes of International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

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Author

Gore Vidal (1925-) is a prolific American novelist, playwright and essayist; one of the greatest stylists of contemporary American prose.

Clarence Page: Pulitzer Prize winner; columnist and member of the editorial board at the Chicago Tribune since 1984. Twice a week, he addresses, with passion and style, the social, economic and political issues affecting people in the United States such as crime, education, housing, hunger and bigotry.

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Charles Krauthammer: After graduating from Canada’s McGill University, Charles studied political theory at Oxford and then went to Harvard Medical School. Trained as a neurologist and psychiatrist, he returned to political analysis, first as a senior editor at the New Republic and then as a syndicated columnist. A collection of his essays has been published, and he has won a Pulitzer Prize for commentary. The excerpt here is taken from an article he published in 1988.

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Drugs: The Hidden Danger to YouthDrugs: The Hidden Danger to Youth

Today, young people using "ecstasy tablets" semi-openly at parties is not a rare scene in some cities. Among officially registered drug addicts, 70 per cent are under the age of 35. And the types of drugs they use are becoming more and more diverse.

Many factors are involved such as teaching in schools, the role of neighborhood committees and non-government organizations (NGOs), mental health support, family environment and media influence.

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The world needs a well-considered practical approach and coordinated efforts to make headway.

The reality today is that in many places, young people have very limited access to knowledge about drugs although drug abuse and trafficking are spreading in these areas.

In large cities and relatively rich areas, many of the attempts we have seen so far, mainly represented by lectures or posters and short-term campaigns, are superficial.

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What has been done is far from being enough to equip young people with a comprehensive knowledge about drugs and to make them understand the dire consequences of using drugs.

It is true that schools, community organizations and NGOs have their respective difficulties in doing more to fight the war on drugs.

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It is the government's duty to find ways to solve these problems. At the same time, parents and teachers should learn to improve their communication skills and provide emotional support for their children or students. Young people should also be encouraged to seek counseling for emotional problems.

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Themes of International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

2000 ： Facing reality ： denial, corruption and violence

— “ 面对现实：拒绝堕落和暴力” 2001 ： Sports against drugs — “ 体育拒绝毒品” 2002 ： Substance Abuse and

HIV/AIDS — “ 吸毒与艾滋病”

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2003 ： Let‘s talk about drugs … — “ 让我们讨论毒品问题”；

2004 ： "Drugs ： treatment works“ — “ 抵制毒品，参与禁毒”

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Passage 1 DrugsPassage 1 Drugs

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Text Analysis

Don’t say that marijuana is addictive and dangerous when it is neither, unlike “speed”, which kills most unpleasantly, or heroin, which is addictive and difficult to kick. (Para. 1)

Don’t exaggerate the harmful effect of marijuana. It is neither addictive nor dangerous, as is often described. Differentiate it from “speed” and heroin. “Speed” causes death while heroin is difficult to stop using once a person is addicted to it.

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addict

她热衷于摇滚乐She was addicted to rock music.He was addicted to cocaine.We are all addicts of change.addictionaddictaddictiveaddicted

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At cost

Do not believe the salesman when he says he is selling his products at cost.

The young man made his goal achieved at the cost of his life.

The doctors were told to save the boy’s life at any cost/at all costs.

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kick

They kicked off the promotional tour with a press conference for the author.

He spent the next three years in Italy, kicking around the country on a motor.

A sandstorm kicked up while we drove through the desert.

kicked up a row.起哄

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kick around虐待，欺凌到处游荡kick off开球 ; 开始：kick up 增强，加强 ; 引起（麻烦）Cf. stir up

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kick the bucket 【俚语】死去kick the habit 【俚语】戒除：kick up (one's) heels离开居住地外出玩乐kick upstairs 【俚语】明升暗降Kick over the ladder过河拆桥

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for the record

Declared openly and officially, especially so as to make known one’s disagreement.

正式的 , 有案可查的Just for the record, I think the President

is a fool.我郑重声明 , 我认为总统很蠢。“for the record”, said the Senator, “I

think our effort to reduce the crime is a failure.”

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Along with exhortation and warning, it might be good for our citizens to recall that the United States was the creation of men who believed that each man has the right to do what he wants with his own life as long as he does not interfere with his neighbor’s pursuit of happiness. (Para. 3)

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While urging people not to take drugs and warning them of the dangers, we should remind our citizens that their country was created by the early European settlers who believed that a man has the right to do whatever he wishes to his own life as long as what he does doesn’t prevent his neighbor from seeking happiness.

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interfere

The organizer was unsatisfied with the loud talking that interfered with the other patrons' conversations.

他对自己的越帮越忙感觉到很失落。He felt greatly frustrated with the

assistance that only interfered.Synonyms meddle tamper (next page)

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tried to tamper with the decedent's will;

tampering with the timing mechanism of the safe.

Don't tamper with my feelings.tamper with a jury.干预 , 玩弄 , 贿赂 , 损害 , 篡改

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Now one can hear that the warning rumble begin: if everyone is allowed to take drugs everyone will and we shall end up a race of Zombies. (Para. 4)

Zombies: someone who does not seem to know or care about what is happening around them and moves very slowly, esp. because they are very upset or tired

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Now we hear those people who are against legalization giving us warnings. They say if drugs are legalized, everyone will become addicts, and our nation will become one near to living death.

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end up

At first, he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing.

If you don’t mend your ways, you’ll end up a criminal.

end up +adj/n/doing/done/ 介宾

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“ end” phrases

cf.

end it all

end one’s days

(in sth.)

end in sth.

cf.

自杀

（在某处或某种状态）

度过余生

以某事物为结尾或结论

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It is a lucky thing for the American moralist that we have no public memory of anything that happened last Tuesday. (Para. 6)

Most Americans have a bad memory and don’t remember anything that happened in the past. This is a lucky thing for those people who advocate forbidding drugs (for if they remembered what Prohibition in the 1920s resulted in, they would see that prohibition of drugs will not be feasible, either).

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Last year when the supply of marijuana was slightly reduced by the Feds, the pushers got the kids hooked on heroin and deaths increased ramatically. (Para. 8)

Last year when the FBI got tough with drug dealing, and the supply of marijuana went slightly down, young marijuana users had to shift to a more harmful drug—heroin. Pushers got them addicted, and the number of people who died of overdose went up sharply.

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hook

hook on to钩住 , 追随hooked up with the wrong crowd 勾结：by hook or by crook不择手段：get the hook被非正式地解雇或中止工作hook, line, and sinker无保留地；完全地：

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off the hook脱身：let me off the hook with a mild

reprimand.on (one's) own hook独立地：凭借自身的努力

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Finally, if there was no money in it, the Bureau of Narcotics would wither away, something they are not about to do without a struggle. (Para. 9)

Finally, if the Mafia couldn’t get money out of legal drug dealing when drugs are legal, the Bureau of Narcotics would be disbanded. This is something the government will surely try hard to prevent because the people working in the Bureau would lose their jobs.

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wither awayto become weaker and then disappear After leaving school, their friendship

withered away.withered witheringIt will take a long time to make dry

flowers because the process is time-consuming.

Withered 凋败了的 ; 枯萎的 , 干瘪的Withering 使干枯的 , 摧毁的 , 进行干燥处理的

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Passage 2 the trouble with legalizing drugsPassage 2 the trouble with legalizing drugs

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Pump into

To pump new life into the economy.为经济注入新生命pump out a flooded basement.pump up a tire.The lively debate really pumped us

up.活跃的辩论着实使我们很兴奋

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Deep thinkers have long advocated lifting the prohibition on drugs.

To lift: to revoke by taking back; to bring an end to (a blockade or siege) by removing forces

lifted the embargo.取消禁运To lift a ban/blockade/restriction/sanction/ siegeSee page 438

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Last year the debate was stirred anew when Baltimore Mayor Kurt Schmoke called for a serious national debate on the subject. (Para. 13)

Last year Baltimore Mayor Kurt Schmoke

suggested a nation-wide debate on

legalization, and it started off another

debate.

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To be alone in (doing) sthGermany was not alone in opposing

another UN resolution on the matter.He was not alone in thinking that drugs

can be stopped in a very short time.Declare /wage war on sth.To declare war on corruption/crime/ poverty/a disease

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prescribe

开处方 I'll prescribe for you as soon as I get

the report.What medicine did the doctor

prescribe for your illness? 规定The law prescribes heavy penalties

for this offence. Regulations prescribe that a lawyer

draw up the paper.

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prescribe

 prescription n.   处方 ,  药方 ,  对策 Prescript n.   命令 ,  规定 You should ____ to one or more

weekly magazines such as Time,or People.

A. subscribe B. order C. prescribe D. reclaim

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你应该订阅一本或一本以上的像《时代》或《人物》这样的周刊杂志。

【难点】subscribe意为“订阅（报刊等）”，后接介

词 to;order意为“定购，预定，点（饭，菜）”；prescribe意为“开处方”；reclaim意为“改造，感化”。

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Unfortunately, the simple beauty of such logic has an ugly gaping hole.(16)

Mayor Schmoke’s logic seems simple: if you can’t win the game, you should change the rules, in other words, if you can’t solve the drug problem, you should legalize it. Unfortunately, Mayor Schmoke fails to take into consideration a lot of important aspects involved.

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approach

The performance approaches perfection.

approached the task with dread.着手：开始处理或工作于the approach of night.a logical approach to the problem.步骤：用于处理或完成的方法：

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Miss the boat

Fail to understand sth.miss the boat坐失良机miss the bus错过良机 ; 事业失败miss the mark没打中miss the target未射中靶子 , 未完成指标

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Drugs are a symptom of deeper ills in certain segments of our society, particularly the impoverished segments. (Para. 19)

Widespread use of drugs is a sign of more serious social problems for some groups of the population, especially for the poor.

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fix

no easy fix for an intractable problem.

没有简单的办法解决难题a briefing that gave us a fix on the

current situation.让我们对目前形势有一个明确看法的简报And addicts would not commit crimes

to pay for the next fix.【俚语 】 麻醉注射：静脉内的麻醉剂注射

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3. legalize? No. Deglamorize 3. legalize? No. Deglamorize

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To boot

To boot: besidesHe not only got fifty dollars, but they

bought him dinner to boot. 她是个很有魅力的女人，而且很富有。 She's an attractive woman, and

wealthy to boot.

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minimize

Governments consider it prudent to minimize the risk.

The polar explorers took every precaution to minimize the dangers of their trip.

He minimized the value of her contribution to his research so that he got all the praise.

将 ... 减到最少 , 贬低

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outweigh

比… ..更重要，胜过。　My love for my parents outweighs

everything else.　我对父母的爱重于一切。 有利因素大于不利因素吗？ Do the advantages outweigh the

disadvantages?　

weigh

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 All experts agree that the most important consideration with diet drugs is carefully _____ the risks and benefits.

A. weighing B. valuing C. evaluating D. distinguishingKey: A

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Be here to stay

(sth) to be here to stay/have come to stay: sth. is generally accepted and is part of all our lives.

Whether you like it or not, the generation gap is here to stay.

Exams are here to stay in our education system.

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sanction

n.  批准 , 约束力 ,  处罚 The minister can only act in this

matter with the sanction of Parliament.

The book was translated without the sanction of the author.

Western nations imposed tough sanctions on the country.

vt.  批准 , 支持 Cf. sanctuary

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The manager gave her his _____ that her complaint would be investigated.

A. assurance B. assumption C. sanction D. insuranceKey: A

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What we save in law enforcement we would have to spend many times over in traffic deaths, lost productivity and hospital costs.

Then we would be able to save money in enforcing prohibition. But we would, at the same time, spend far more, many times over what we save, dealing with problems resulting from higher consumption: more traffic deaths, lost productivity and hospital costs.

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The great paradigm is the success of the now 25-year-old antismoking campaigns.

The success of the antismoking campaigns, which have been waged for 25 years, is an excellent example of what painstaking and sustained effort can achieve.

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Humphrey Bogart

Works: The Maltese Falcon马耳他猎鹰Casablanca北非谍影（卡萨布兰卡）The African Queen

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Crack down

对 ... 采取严厉措施 ; 镇压The riot police started to crack down

on them. 当教师发现学生不遵守考试规则时，他对学生采

取了严厉的手段。 The teacher cracked down on the

students when he found they had not been obeying the rules in the examination.

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Throw in

外加 Throw in a lucky get-rich- quick cat, and the

Japanese gourmand is hooked. 外加日本招财猫，牢牢套住日本老饕的胃。 The time-honored search for a soul mate

has always been one part humiliation, two parts aggravation, and a little blind luck thrown in for the fortunate.

从很早以前，人们就发现，邂逅生命中的另一半的黄金公式，往往是一分颜面尽失，外加两分恼羞成怒，幸运儿则多了那麽点瞎猫碰到死耗子的运气。

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mount

mount stairs.mount a horse; mount a platform.骑上，走上mount a play.准备上演mount an army.成立mount an attack.发动

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If you are just a politician looking for reelection, send in the Marines and wave to the camera.

And if you are a politician seeking reelection and wishing to project a favorable image, go all out and wave your hand before the camera so that your picture will be carried in newspapers and TV.

To send in the Marines : here used figuratively meaning “ doing everything possible” (the Marines are the toughest soldiers in the US army.)

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Word BuildingWord Building

List:

Prefix — anti-

— en-

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anti-waranti-war

prefix

rootanti-: opposition to

antibiotics

anti-aircraft

anticlimax

anti-ballistic

anti-bomb

anticlockwise

anti-icer

抗生素防空用的突降；虎头蛇尾反弹道的防弹的逆时针的防冰设备

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en- turns a noun or an adjective into a verb meaning “to put into or on”.

enlarge

enable

endanger

encircle

enforce

enlist

enslave

扩大使能够使危险；危及环绕，包围执行，迫使征募；使入伍奴役；束缚

enrichenrich

prefix

root

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Enumeration Enumeration means listing things or items in a

certain way.

There are two kinds of enumeration.

Enumeration

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For Example:

First; Second; Third

In the first place; in the second place; in the

third place

For a start; next/then; last

For one thing; for another; last of all

A. Arithmetical (chronological order)

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B. Precedence (rank order)For Example:

The best; the next best; the very best

First; more importance; most important of all

Good; better still/even better; the best

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II. Quiz 1II. Quiz 1

dominant simplify

length satisfy

satisfaction dominate

minimum separate

industry lengthen

separation minimize

simple industrialize

Please match the words with correct verbs.

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II. Quiz 2II. Quiz 2

1. Unfortunately, he is heavily ___ to drugs.

a. addicted

b. absorbed

c. endowed

d. bothered

2. It was courageous of him to ____ the “One

Family, One Child” policy at that time.

a. advance b. minimize

c. repeal d. advocate

a d

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c a

3. Foreigners are ____ to visit some places such as military areas, top secret scientific research centers.

a. welcomed b. labeled c. banned d. proposed

4. The people of that country have suffered a lot from years of economic sanctions. They hope that the punishment could be ____ soon.

a. lifted b. disproved c. cracked d. pushed

II. Quiz 2II. Quiz 2

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5. Since you are adults now, you can not always

rely on your parents, hoping that they will ___

you ___ when you are in trouble.

a. sell… out b. bail… out

c. sail… out d. bear… out

6. Man is ready to die for an idea, ____ that the

idea is not quite clear to him.

a. if b. offered

c. provided d. although

b c

II. Quiz 2II. Quiz 2

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7. As long as demand remains, the traffic is

destined to find ways to get ____.

a. ever b. in

c. out d. through

8. If you are steadfast enough, you can ___ a bad

habit.

a. kick b. forget

c. forgive d. smuggle

d a

II. Quiz 2II. Quiz 2

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9. The American people are as ___ to the idea of sin and its punishment as they are to making money.

a. resolved b. legalized c. devoted d. glamorized

10. The world community refused to accept Japan’s ___ for its invasion to many Asian countries in WWII.

a. exhortations b. justifications c. consumptions d. prescriptions

c b

II. Quiz 2II. Quiz 2

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Detailed AnalysisDetailed Analysis

Para. 17-20