10-15%
(nitrogen balance) -
: 3050g/d : 80g/
(essential amino acid) -----(8+2) (non-essential aminoacid)
FAOBV BV= 100%
1.
2.
:50.
proteasome). Ubiquitin 197576
-N
1.()L-:FMND-:D-FADL-
L-GluL-L--
()() + 2H - + () + H2O -- + ()-- + + H2O () L- - -- + + H2S- 2 + H2O --- + +
2.( (aminotransferase)
-
GPT + -
GOT -
GPTGOT
S-GPTS-GOT S-GOT
3.L--
1
2L- 50%
,PLP
-(-aminobutyric acid,GABA)-L-
(histamine),
5-(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)
5-5-5-()()
(polyamines).2.
(taurine)
L-
-1.(NH3)
(1)(Ala)-~.(Gln).Gln
- (alanine-glucose cycle)
,
AsnAspAsnH2ONH3Asn
NH3NH3
H2ONH3
2(urea)13ATP,4NH3TCA
1932,Hans Krebs(urea cycle)(ornithine cycle)
NH4+ + CO2 + 3ATP + + 2H2O + 2ADP + 2Pi + AMP + PPi +
1CCO2
-GluGln() -TCA ATP
2.-(,)::/:////TCA
55TCACoA-CoA
2.-1. CoA4. 3. CoA5.
//?
A
A CO2H20ATP
mRNAtRNA,
1958F.CrickRNA
1.mRNA5 3(1961)
2.UAGUGAUAA AUGmRNAtRNA
mRNA tRNA tRNA GTPATP( )Mg2+K+
tRNAmRNA
(rRNA)
mRNAA:P:GTP:tRNA
1.(-tRNA())2.mRNAmRNA53NC
GTP-tRNAATPGTPGDPGTPGDPGTPGDP
GGTPGTP GDP
30ATP?
mRNA
AUG20 (N)(SRP)(SRP)
//-??CoA-5-/248 1,5
lysosome)50nmm60 .,,60,(ACP)(TMP),,,.,,. 50nmm50
-768.5kDaE1CE1-E2sE2sE2E2E3s-E3sE3s2.5MDa219S120S19S19S20S19S20S ATPE1-ATPAMPE1-E2sE1E2-E3sE2-E3s-N
ATPADP NAD+NADP+
(aminotransferase) ( transaminase)----20---- - -
L--.
NH3NH3,
Ala..
:()()
13ATP,4NH3I CPS-ITCA
mRNA3
mRNA