2008.4. :
Table of Contents
: (1) (, , ) , (2) : ,
* (financial institution ) , .
()
* 24 . (1) , (2) .
vehicle
()1790 (Charter / )1824 1830-1860 1870 National Bank 1913 1920 ( but )1930 bank run 1933 1956 (BHCA)
1933 (- ) - Commercial banking Investment banking - : / - CP . 1999 GLBA - Bank v. Commerce Bank v. Finance - Finance i.e. IBM & MS as a financing company?
GLBA 1980 . 1980 (i.e. FDIC) ()(FHC)
()Compartmentalism v. Universal BankingGesetz ber das Kreditwesen: . (9 11 ) , . : , , .
2003 .
Systemic risk
(Fear to Bigness) - 1890 Tyranny - v.
v. or /
i.e. ( - ) - - , .
v. , .
. i.e. 37 : : 4%
( . ) ( "" ) ( "" ) 1 3 .
, . , , 7 ,
( ) . , . 162 2 6 .
. (effectiveness) , (efficiency) . (over-regulation) . . ,
1: 2: 3: (1) 3-1: (2) 3-2:
2 (slippery slope) --( Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act) , .
2 . , 1( ) 3-2() 2() 2()
3-2 , 3-2 , , ,
, . , , , .
, , .
1 . 3-2 3-1 . 2 1 .
. . 10, . .
-