ngan Jai Selata
s Netwulawesi
B O R A T O R S :
Foundation Inter
c White Pape
F
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S U P P O R T E D
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Exe
Whitepajaringanlokasi dSelatan.dengan penyimselanjutditentukPermasadan totperhitunmampuyang da
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aper ini memberikn logistik distribusidistribusi untuk pe. Mixed Integer tujuan untuk
panan dan transpotnya ke lokasi‐lokkan menggunaalahan ini diselesatal biaya logistik dngan menunjukka mendapatkan sopat diterima.
nci: Optimasi jaring
Summary
kan hasil penelitian beras dengan 4 pelanggan di wilaya
Programming mmengurangi biayortasi dari pemasokasi pendistribusiakan ILOG Caikan sampai didadapat dikurangi san bahwa modeolusi optimal deng
gan, Logistik, Distrib
y
n tentang perancanpemasok, 3 gudangah Makassar, Sulamodel diformulasya pengadaan bek ke gudang berasan. Hasil perhitunCPLEX Optimizaapatkan solusi optecara signifikan. Hl yang diusulkangan waktu kompu
busi, Beras
ngan g, 14 wesi sikan eras, dan ngan ation timal Hasil n ini utasi
This whitedesign forwarehouseMakassar, SProblem (Mof minimitransportatwarehouseComputatioILOG CPLEXsolved to reduced ssuggest thaoptimal soltime.
Keywords: Distribution
L
epaper investigater rice distributio, 14‐customer distSouth Sulawesi, IndMIP) model is formsing the procurtion costs from ss and onto theonal experiments X Optimization Stoptimality and thsignificantly. The at the proposed mlutions within an a
Network on, Rice
Logistics Network
es the logistics non of a 4‐suppltribution point netwdonesia. A Mixed ulated, with the obrement, inventorysupplier through e distribution locare conducted ustudio. The probhe total logistics
computational model is able to geacceptable comput
optimization, Lo
Design for Rice Dis
network ier, 3‐work in Integer bjective y, and to the cations. ing the blem is cost is results enerate tational
ogistics,
Executi
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Referen
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1 IndusIndone2 The LSingap
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
ive Summary
elakang (Introduction)
asus: Perancangan Jari
assar, Sulawesi Selatan
rk Design for Rice Distri
esi)
katan Penyelesaian (Sol
enelitian (Results of Exp
pulan (Conclusions)
nsi (References)
FTAR ISI / INSIDE
Penulis / A
smalina Hanafi1, MMark Goh2, Ro
strial Engineering Departsia
Logistics Institute – Asia pore, Singapore
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page
ngan Logistik Distribusi
(The Case Study: Logis
ibution in Makassar, So
lution Approach)
periment)
THE WHITE PAPE
Authors:
Muhammad Rusmabert de Souza2
ment, Hasanuddin Unive
Pacific, National Univers
es: esi
e 1
1
2
Beras
tics
outh
4
7
14
17
18
ER
n1,
ersity,
sity of
LatBeras mpokok bpada upasokanterdapajauh di d
Sulawessetelah nasionatergantucurah hketidakpdaerah pola yapengammemastketahanperanca
Jaringanpemasotranspobaru pepasokantahun. setiap tsebaiknpusat dpabrik p
tar Belakmerupakan komodibagi sebagian besamumnya tinggi. On dengan permintat di pulau‐pulau bdaerah‐daerah di I
si merupakan daerJawa dan Sumatrl per tahun. Di ung pada beberapahujan, dan jumlapastian tersebut, jlainnya. Di lain pi
ang dapat dipredikmbil keputusan, petikan ketersediaannan pangan. Untangan jaringan logi
n distribusi beras,ok (petani), pabrik rtasi. Tantangannyermintaan sehinggan beras tidak pernBerdasarkan hal tahun. Misalnya, yaya digunakan, jumistribusi yang manpengolahannya, dst
kang tas pertanian yangar penduduk, permOleh sebab itu, ptaan, terlebih karebesar di Indonesia,ndonesia.
rah produksi padi ra, menghasilkan sIndonesia, produka faktor seperti luaah serta kualitas jumlah produksi pihak, sebagai makksi (Fisher, 1997).erencanaan dan dn dan keterjangkuk dapat menjalstik yang optimal u
, sebagaimana jarpengolahan, pusa
ya adalah dua araha diperlukan penynah pasti dalam hatersebut, berbagaiang mana dari lokamlah pelanggan/ runa, pemasok manat.
g penting di Indonemintaan dan konsuperlu disesuaikan ena populasi pend, sementara lahan
yang utama di Indsekitar 11% dari vksi padi mengikutas wilayah produkspupuk yang dig
padi bervariasi darkanan pokok, kons. Dari sudut panddistribusi yang bakauan beras dan ankan tugas tersuntuk pendistribus
ringan yang lain, at distribusi (gudah. Yang pertama daimpanan beras. Paal volume yang dai keputusan terkaasi yang sudah adamah tangga yang yang seharusnya
esia. Sebagai makaumsi beras setiap dengan baik jum
duduk sebagian beproduksi padi ber
donesia, urutan keolume produksi beti pola musiman si, masa panen, jumgunakan. Dikarenari satu daerah denumsi beras mengidang pemerintah aik dibutuhkan ununtuk meningkatsebut secara efeian beras diperluka
terdiri dari sejumng), dan infrastruan paling utama, loada waktu yang saapat diproduksi seit jaringan diperlua dan lokasi baru yakan dilayani dan mensuplai dan tuj
L
Introanan hari mlah esar rada
etiga eras dan
mlah akan ngan ikuti dan ntuk tkan ektif, an.
mlah ktur okasi ama, etiap ukan yang dari juan
Rice is an esof the popThere is thpopulation are further
Sulawesi is Sumatra, coIndonesia, factors suchamount andlevels can vpredictable and governrice availabundertake tdistribution
The rice dis(farmers), elaborate tchoices in locations fotime, the sharvested ea yearly banumber of should supp
Logistics Network
duction ssential agricultureulation, the daily us a need to matof Indonesia is fouafar within Indone
a major rice prodontributing about 1rice production foh as the rice produd quality of the feary from district topattern as it is a ment perspective, bility and accessibthis task effectiven is called for.
stribution network,plants (rice millstransportation infrtransport. The c
or the consumptiosupply of rice is each year. Given tsis. For instance, wcustomers/ houseply to which mills, a
Design for Rice Dis
e commodity in Inddemand and contch supply with dund in the main islaesia.
uction point in Ind11% of the nationaollows a seasonaction areas, harvesertilizer used. Giveo district. At the sastaple product (Fiproper planning ability, and to impely, the logistics ne
, as in all other nes), distribution cerastructure down challenge is bi‐dirn and hence storanever certain in his situation, severwhich existing andeholds to be serveand so on.
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
donesia. As a staplesumption for riceemand well especand of Indonesia w
donesia, ranked thl rice production vl pattern, and dest period, amount en these uncertainme time, rice consisher, 1997). Fromand distribution is rrove food securitetwork optimizatio
etworks, comprisesenters (DC) (wareto the last mile, rectional. First anage of rice will surterms of the volral network decisiod new locations shed from which DC
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page
e food for the bulk is naturally high.cially because thewhile the rice fields
hird after Java andolume annually. Inepends on severalof rainfall, and theties, the rice yieldsumption follows am a decision makerrequired to ensurety. To be able toon design for rice
s a set of suppliersehouses), and anthrough modality
nd foremost, newrface. At the sameume that can beons are needed onhould be used, theCs, which suppliers
es: esi
e 2
k . e s
d n l e d a r e o e
s n y w e e n e s
StuLogMa
Menyadekonomlogistik ditugaskpangan nasionadan medaruratprovinsitingkat (BULOGtingkat kegiatanmeneraharga gkonsumprogramdibawahpermasamenyedJaringan
di Kasusgistik Dikassar, S
dari akan perananmi, pemerintah Indopangan pokok berkan untuk memppokok. Pada pel, melakukan operendistribusikan be. BULOG mempuni di Indonesia. Dikabupaten/kota. B
G Divre Sulselbar) provinsi berperann terkait logistik bpkan kebijakan pgabah/beras petanmsi pasar dalam negm sosialnya dengah program Raskalahan ekonomi ydiakan beras bern distribusi BULOG
s: Perancistribusi Sulawesi
n penting beras donesia mengambil ras melalui Perumpertahakan ketersermasalahan berarasi pasar untuk meras untuk mengnyai 26 divisi regivisi sub‐regional BULOG Divisi Regioberlokasi di Mak sebagai pusat disberas dalam wilaypembelian beras ni dan untuk memgeri. BULOG juga mn membagikan bekin. Program Rayang dihadapi kelusubsidi untuk mditunjukkkan pada
cangan JBeras di
i Selatan
alam mempertahaperan dengan me BULOG (Badan Uediaan, stabilitas,as, BULOG menjamenjaga kestabilangatasi kekuranganional (divre) yangberperan sebagai
onal Sulawesi Selatkassar merupakanstribusi utama yanyah Sulawesi Selatdalam negeri untmastikan persediaamelayani masyarakeras bersubsidi keaskin dimaksudkauarga yang berpenemenuhi kebutuha Gambar 1.
Jaringani
n
ankan stabilitas sonyelenggarakan ussaha Logistik). BU dan keterjangkaga persediaan ben harga, menyedia beras pada kong berlokasi di ibuki badan logistik pan dan Sulawesi Bn divisi regional png menangani seluan dan Barat. BUtuk mempertahanan yang cukup unkat sebagai bagian epada keluarga mian untuk menganghasilan kecil denhan pangan mer
L
The CDesigMaka
osial saha LOG auan eras akan ndisi kota pada arat pada uruh LOG nkan ntuk dari skin atasi ngan eka.
Recognisingthe Indonebusiness ththe availabimaintains tprice stableemergency capitals of tthe sub‐regSulawesi ofdivision at thandles ricapplies the ensure suffpublic as papoor underfinancial chfulfil their fo
Logistics Network
Case Stugn for Riassar, So
g the significant rosian government rough BULOG (Theility, stability, and he national rice ree, provides and dsituations. BULOGthe provinces in Ingional logistics agf BULOG (BULOG the provincial levee logistics relatedpolicy of purchasinficient stock for doart of its social pror the Raskin prograllenge faced by loood needs. The net
Design for Rice Dis
udy: Logice Distr
outh Sula
ole of rice in mainthas been intervene State Logistics Agaffordability of baserve stock, impledistributes rice to G has twenty six regdonesia. The sub‐rency at the city/Divre Sulselbar)
el dedicated to serd activities within ng domestic rice toomestic market cootection program bram. The Raskin pow income househtwork for BULOG is
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
gistics Neribution awesi
taining the socio‐ening by organizinggency). BULOG is tasic food. In the caments market opealleviate any rice
gional divisions (diregional division (sdistrict level. Thelocated in Makasrve as the main loSouth and West
o keep prices at theonsumption. BULOby distributing subprogram is aimed holds by providings shown in Figure 1
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page
etwork in
economic stability,g the rice logisticstasked to maintainase of rice, BULOGeration to keep thee shortage duringvre) located in thesubdivre) serves as South and Westssar is a regionalogistics centre thatSulawesi. BULOG
e farm level and toOG also serves thebsidized rice to theat alleviating the subsidized rice to1.
es: esi
e 3
, s n G e g e s t l t G o e e e o
BULOG tidak laPublic Sberas (Utoko, aSulselbaregionasubdivre
membeli gabah/bngsung melalui reService Obligation UPGB) mengolah antar pulau, antaar meliputi 11 divl Makassar. Gae/kansilog di wilay
Source: www.BGambar 1: Aliran
beras langsung daekanan. Pengadaan(PSO) dan melaluigabah/beras dan r divre/subdivre, visi subregional, sambar 2 mempah BULOG Divre Su
ULOG.co.id beras BULOG
ri petani, kelompon beras dilakukan cara komersil. Unmendistribusikannantar‐UPGB, danalah satunya adaperlihatkan kapaulselbar.
ok petani, dan secmenggunakan sis
nit penggilingan ganya melalui pengen PSO. BULOG dlah BULOG divisi sitas gudang p
L
cara stem abah ecer, divre sub
pada
BULOG purfarmer assois conductemeans. Thdistributes divre/subdidivisions, onwarehouse
Logistics Network
Fig
rchases the grain/ociations, and indired using the systee Grain‐Rice Prothe processed ricvre, inter‐UPGB, ane of which is BULcapacity of the sub
Design for Rice Dis
Source: www.BULOgure 1: Rice flows o
/rice grown domerectly through partm of Public Serviccessing Unit (UPce through the rend PSO. BULOG DOG sub‐regional dbdivres/kansilog un
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
G.co.id of BULOG
estically directly ftners. The procurece Obligation (PSOGB) processes thetailers, groceries,Divre Sulselbar coveivision Makassar. Fnder BULOG Divre
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page
from the farmers,ment of grain/rice
O) and commercialhe grain/rice and interisland, interers 11 subregionalFigure 2 shows theSulselbar.
es: esi
e 4
, e l d r l e
FasilitassementakabupatkeluargaMakasspenyaluSebagaidan Julpenyalu
Kapa
sitas
(kg)
Gambar 2
s logistik pada BUara pemasok berasten Maros. BULOGa miskin pada 14ar. Gambar 3 dan uran beras yang dilmana terlihat, tini, yang merupakauran beras cenderu
0
50,000,000
100,000,000
150,000,000
p(
g)
Source: BULOG D: Kapasitas Gudang
LOG divisi subregis berada di kabupaG Subdivre Makass4 lokasi distribusi4 memperlihatkanlakukan oleh BULOgkat pengadaan yan waktu musim pung konstan sepanj
Lokasi
ivre Sulselbar g BULOG Divre Sul
onal Makassar teraten Takalar, Gowsar menyalurkan b atau kecamatann secara berturut‐OG Subdivre Makasyang tinggi terjadi panen. Sementarajang waktu.
lselbar
rdiri dari tiga gudaa, kota Makassar, beras bersubsidi un dalam wilayah k‐turut, pengadaan ssar pada tahun 20pada bulan Mei, a secara keseluruh
L
ang, and ntuk kota dan 015. Juni han,
The currentthree wareTakalar, Gowsubsidized municipalitirice distribuAs can be sJuly, which constant ov
5
10
15
Cap
acity
(kg)
Logistics Network
SFigure 2: Wareh
t logistics facilitieshouses. At the samwa, Makassar, andrice for low incomies in Makassar cityution conducted byseen, a higher levare the harvestin
ver time.
0
50,000,000
00,000,000
50,000,000
Design for Rice Dis
ource: BULOG Divre Shouse capacity of B
s of the BULOG sume time, the rice d Maros. The BULOme households to y itself. Figures 3 ay the BULOG Subdel of rice procureng seasons. The o
Location
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
Sulselbar BULOG Divre Sulse
ubregional division suppliers are foun
OG Subdivre Makas14 consumer distnd 4 show the ricedivre Makassar in 2ment occurs durinoverall rice distrib
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page
elbar
Makassar includend in the towns ofssar distributes thetribution points ore procurement and2015, respectively.ng May, June, andution tends to be
es: esi
e 5
e f e r d . d e
Gambar 3: Pen
Gambar 4: Pen
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000To
tal (
kg)
500,0
1,000,0
1,500,0
2,000,0
2,500,0
3,000,0
Tota
l (kg
)
Sumber: BULOG Dngadaan beras pad
Sumber: BULOG Dnyaluran beras pad
0
00
00
00
00
00
00
1 2 3 4 5
Bu
W1
0
000
000
000
000
000
000
1 2 3 4 5
BW1
Divre Sulselbar da 2015 ‐ Makassa
Divre Sulselbar da 2015 ‐ Makassa
6 7 8 9 10 11 1
ulan
W2 W3
6 7 8 9 10 11 1
BulanW2 W3
ar Subdivre
ar Subdivre
2
12
L
Logistics Network
SFigure 3: Rice pr
SFigure 4: Rice d
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
Tota
l (kg
)
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Tota
l (kg
)
Design for Rice Dis
ource: BULOG Divre Srocurement in 201
ource: BULOG Divre Sdistribution in 2015
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Month
W1 W
1 2 3 4 5 6
MonW1 W
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
Sulselbar 15 ‐ Makassar Subd
Sulselbar 5 ‐ Makassar Subd
7 8 9 10 11 12
h
2 W3
7 8 9 10 11 12
nthW2 W3
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page
divre
ivre
es: esi
e 6
Penelitidiawali yang mtempat Pengamberlanglogistik optimasmemastpelayanmatemaadalah lokasi ddiharaplogistik
PenProses jaringanModel mungkindivalidatujuan berikut
an ini dimulai denpada pemasok. Saerupakan penghupenyimpanan be
matan sepintas mesung memberikan yang baik diperlusi dapat diteraptikan pengambilanan sistem logistiatika dirancang uuntuk merancangdan kapasitas gudakan dapat membedistribusi beras di
ndekatanlogistik yang selamn distribusi dipetajaringan logistik n kondisi sistem si. Persoalan ini difmengurangi total ini.
ngan melakukan aatu entitas dalam bung antara pemeras yang dipasokengenai kondisi pkesan bahwa pengukan untuk memaspkan untuk menn keputusan yanik beras. Oleh kuntuk BULOG Subg sebuah model oang di Makassar, eri petunjuk dan reMakassar, Sulawes
n Penyelema ini terjadi terlekan dengan 4 pemkemudian dibanglogistik. Selanjutnformulasikan sebabiaya logistik de
analisa jaringan pejaringan distribusiasok dan konsumk untuk disalurkapendistribusian begelolaan gudang, trstikan aliran berasngurangi keselurung efisien dan karenanya, pada bdivre Makassar. optimasi agar dapaSulawesi Selatan. ekomendasi tentansi Selatan dapat dik
esaian ebih dahulu dianalmasok, 3 gudang,un untuk mereprnya, jaringan distrgai Mixed Integer Pngan menggunaka
enyaluran beras yi beras adalah guden yang juga sebn kepada konsumeras yang selamaransportasi, dan siss yang efisien. Mouhan biaya logimemperbaiki tingpenelitian ini moTujuan penelitianat ditentukan jumHasil yang dipero
ng bagaimana jarinkelola lebih baik.
lisa dan proses da 14 lokasi pelanggresentasikan seakribusi ditentukan Problem (MIP) denan notasi dan asu
L
yang dang agai men. a ini stim odel stik, gkat odel n ini mlah, oleh ngan
We begin oOne importconnector bthe rice supand reviewwarehouse an efficient logistics coservice levemodel is dedevelop an the rice distthe results the logisticsmanaged.
Solutalam gan. urat dan ngan umsi
We first anaa 4‐supplienetwork msystem. Neproblem is minimize th
Logistics Network
ur study by analystant entity in the ribetween a supplierpplied by the suppw of the current management, tranflow of rice. An opsts, to ensure anels in the rice logiseveloped for BULOoptimization modtribution centres aobtained, we hops network of rice d
tion Appalyse the current lor, 3‐warehouse, 1odel is then creatext, an optimal neformulated as a
he total logistics co
Design for Rice Dis
sing the rice distribce distribution netr and the consumeplier to be distribucondition of ricensportation, and loptimization model efficient decisionstics system. ThereOG Subdivre Makasdel to determine thnd warehouses in
pe to provide guidadistribution in Mak
proach ogistics processes a14‐customer distrited to accurately etwork distributionMixed Integer Prst using the follow
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
bution network statwork is the warehers and the warehouted to the consume distribution suggogistics system is rcan be applied to n making and impefore, in this studssar. The objectivehe number, locatioMakassar, South Sance and recommkassar, South Sulaw
and map the distribution point netwrepresent the curn is identified andoblem (MIP) who
wing notations and a
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page
rting at a supplier.ouses that act as aouse helps to storemers. A quick scangest that a goodrequired to ensurereduce the overallprove the currenty, a mathematical of this study is toon and capacity ofSulawesi. Based onendations on howwesi can be better
bution process forwork. The logisticsrrent rice logisticsd validated. Theose objective is toassumptions.
es: esi
e 7
. a e n d e l t l o f n w r
r s s e o
Asumsi:dalam k
Notasi:
: Permintaan beraskajian ini.
Biaya pengadaa
Jumlah yang dip
Biaya transportperiode t
Biaya pembukaa
Biaya tetap untu
Biaya variabel u
Level stok penyi
Biaya transportadalam periode t
Jumlah maksimu
Kapasitas gudan
Permintaan bera
Jumlah beras ya
Jumlah beras ya
Binary variable dalam periode t
s dan jarak transpo
n pada pemasok i d
pasok oleh pemaso
asi per satuan (kg
an gudang j dalam
uk penyimpanan pa
ntuk penyimpanan
impanan pada gud
asi per satuan (kgt
um beras yang dap
ng j
as pada lokasi pela
ang disuplai dari pe
ang dikirim dari gud
yang menunjukkat
ortasi diketahui. Tid
dalam periode t
k i dalam periode t
g) dari pemasok i
periode t
ada gudang j dalam
n pada gudang j da
ang j dalam period
) dari gudang j ke
pat disuplai
anggan k dalam per
emasok i ke gudang
dang j ke pelanggan
n apakah gudang
dak ada data stoka
t
ke gudang j dalam
m periode t
alam periode t
de t
lokasi pelanggan
riode t
g j dalam periode t
n k dalam periode
j dibuka atau tida
L
astik
m
k
t
ak
Assumptionavailable an
Notations:
P
Q
T
C
In
In
In
Tt
M
C
D
A
Ap
Bp
Logistics Network
ns: The demand isnd known. No stoch
Procurement cost a
Quantity supplied b
Transportation cost
Cost of opening a w
nventory fixed cost
nventory variable c
nventory level at w
Transportation cost
Maximum amount o
Capacity of wareho
Demand of rice at c
Amount of rice to b
Amount of rice toperiod t
Binary variable indperiod t
Design for Rice Dis
s known and givehasticity is involved
at supplier i in perio
by supplier I in peri
t per unit (kg) from
warehouse j in perio
t at warehouse j in
cost at warehouse j
warehouse j in perio
t per unit (kg) from
of rice that can be
use j
consumer location
be supplied from su
be transported f
dicating whether w
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
n. The transportatd in the problem st
od t
od t
m supplier i to ware
od t
period t
j in period t
od t
m warehouse j to co
supplied
k in period t
upplier i to wareho
from warehouse j
warehouse j to be
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page
tion distances aretudied.
ehouse j in period t
onsumer k in perio
use j in period t
j to consumer k i
e opened or not i
es: esi
e 8
e
t
d
n
n
∈
∈
Min
Kendal
∈
∈
∈
∈
∈
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∈∈
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a:
∈
∈
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1, 0,
0; ≥ 0;
∈
∈
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≥ 0.
∈
∀ ∈
∀ ∈
∀
∀ ∈ , ∀ ∈
∀
∀
∀
∈
1
∈ 2
∈ 3
∈ 4
∈ 5
∈ 6
∈ 7
∈ 8
9
1
L
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
∈
∈∈
Min
Constraint
∈
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10
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Logistics Network
∈∈
s:
∈
∈
∈
∈
1, 0,
≥ 0;
Design for Rice Dis
∈
∈
∀
≥ 0.
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
∈
∀ ∈
∀ ∈
∀ ∈
∀ ∈ , ∀ ∈
∀ ∈
∀ ∈
∀ ∈
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page
∈
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
es: esi
e 9
Fungsi tmembumenunjharus ledipasokpemasojumlah periodejumlah takan disjumlah dengan yang akpermintberas ydalam gpermintKendalai ke gudgudang gudang kapasitayang diatau tidkendalatempuhpemasosebagaiBULOG lokasi pdan 2.
tujuan (1) menunjuka gudang, transpukkan bahwa jumebih kecil dari atk. Kendala (3) untuok i ke gudang j dtotal beras yang
e t. Kendala (4) mtotal beras yang disalurkan dari gudapersediaan pada kapasitas total gukan diangkut dari taan pelanggan daang akan disuplai gudang pada periotaan pelanggan da (7) menunjukkan dang j dalam perij. Kendala (8) memj ke pelanggan k as gudang j. Persanyatakan sebagai dak. Pertidaksamaa non‐negativity ph dipetakan menggok ke gudang dan mana diperlihatkatentang jumlah bepenyaluran untuk
ukkan biaya yang aportasi, pengadaanmlah total beras yatau sama denganuk memastikan bahalam periode t hadisalurkan dari g
menunjukkan kesesuplai ke gudang dang ke lokasi tempperiode sebelum
udang. Kendala (5)gudang ke pelanalam periode t. Kke gudang ditam
ode sebelumnya haitambah dengan jbahwa jumlah totaode t harus lebih mastikan bahwa jumdalam periode t hamaan (9) mereprz yang menunjuan (10) merupakapada variable kepugunakan peta Googdari gudang ke lo
an secara berturuteras yang dikirim kpelanggan, diberik
akan diminimalkan n, dan biaya penyang disuplai dari p jumlah maksimuhwa jumlah total barus lebih besar dagudang j ke lokaseimbangan level pdikurangi dengan jupat pelanggan dalamnya harus lebih ) memastikan bahwggan harus sama Kendala (6) menghbah dengan banyaarus lebih besar djumlah penyimpanal beras yang akan kecil dari atau samlah total beras yaharus lebih kecil dresentasikan variakkan apakah meman variabel keputuutusan yang terkagle untuk menentuokasi tempat peny‐turut pada Gambke Makassar dan pkan secara berturu
yang mencakup byimpanan. Kendalaemasok i ke gudaum beras yang daeras yang disuplai ari atau sama densi pelanggan k dapenyimpanan dimumlah total beras ym periode t ditamkecil dari atau sawa jumlah total bdengan jumlah t
haruskan jumlah taknya yang tersimari atau sama dennan dalam perioddisuplai dari pemaama dengan kapasang akan diangkut ari atau sama denabel keputusan binmbuka sebuah gudusan x dany ait. Selanjutnya, jakan jarak tempuh yaluran ke pelanggbar 5 dan 6. Data ermintaan beras put‐turut pada Tab
L
iaya a (2) ng j apat dari ngan alam mana yang mbah ama eras total total mpan ngan de t. asok sitas dari ngan nary dang dan arak dari gan, dari pada el 1
Objective fuof openingConstraint (warehouse be suppliedsupplier i toamount of Constraint (rice to be sube less thanof rice to Constraint warehousesconsumer loto be suppshould be gperiod t. Cosupplier i towarehouse from warehcapacity of z which is decision vcorrespondmap to detwarehousespoints, as sprovided byat the consu
Logistics Network
unction (1) represeg a warehouse, (2) denotes that thj should be less th. Constraint (3) eno warehouse j in rice to be distrib(4) indicates the bupplied to warehon or equal to the tbe distributed fro(5) enforces that ts to the consumerocations in period lied to the warehogreater than or equonstraint (7) indicao warehouse j in pej. Constraint (8) enhouse j to consumwarehouse j. Eqnwhether to open ariables x anding decision variabtermine the varios and from the rhown respectivelyy BULOG on the amumer distribution p
Design for Rice Dis
ents the costs to btransportation, phe total amount of han or equal to thesures that the totaperiod t should bebuted from warehalance of inventoruses plus the invenotal capacity of thom the warehousthe total quantity rs should be equat. Constraint (6) reouses plus the invual to the consumeates that the total eriod t should be lenforces that the totmer k in period t s (9) represents a a warehouse or
dy and the nbles. Next, we maus transportation respective warehoy in Figures 5 and 6mount of rice sent points as shown in
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
be minimized. Thesrocurement, and rice to be suppliede maximum quantial amount of rice toe greater than or house j to consumry level in which thntory level at preve warehouses plusses to the consumof rice to be tranl to the total demequires that the toventory level at ther demand plus thequantity of rice toess than or equal wtal quantity of riceshould be less thabinary decision vanot. Inequalities (non‐negativity conap the route distadistances from thouse to the cons6. At the same timto Makassar and tTables 1 and 2 res
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page 1
se include the costinventory costs.
d from supplier i toity of rice that cano be supplied fromequal to the totalmer k in period t.he total amount ofious period shoulds the total amountmers in period t.nsported from themand of rice at theotal amount of ricehe previous periode inventory level ino be supplied fromwith the capacity ofe to be transportedan or equal to theariable denoted by(10) represent thenstraints on thences using Googlehe supplier to thesumer distributionme, detailed data isthe demand of ricepectively.
es: esi
10
t . o n m l . f d t . e e e d n m f d e y e e e e n s e
Gamba
Gambar
ar 6: Jarak dari seb
5: Jarak dari pema
buah gudang ke sua
asok ke sebuah gu
atu lokasi penyalu
dang
uran untuk pelangg
L
gan Figu
Logistics Network
Figure 5: Dist
ure 6: Distance from
Design for Rice Dis
tance from a supp
m warehouse to a
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
lier to a warehous
consumer distribu
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page 1
se
ution point
es: esi
11
G
Sumber
Pe
Maka
Takal
Gowa
Maros
Total
Gambar 7: Jaringan
Tabel 1. Jumlah
r: BULOG Divre Sulsel
emasok Jumla
yang digudan
ssar (S1)
ar (S2)
a (S3)
s (S4)
1
n distribusi beras p
beras yang disupl
lbar
ah beras suplai ke ng (kg)
Biaya didari pem
gudang
720.000 1
4.978.990 59
4.274.750 31
7.021.650 68
6.995.390 160
pada divisi subregi
lai ke Makassar pa
istribusi masok ke g (Rp)
Gudang
.123.200 W1
9.299.771 W2
.162.928 W3
8,461,088 Total
0.046.987
ional Makassar
ada thn 2015
Biaya distribusi dgudang ke lokaspenyaluran untupelanggan (Rp)
9.852.0
5.944.4
1.833.3
17.629.8
L
Figure 7: T
Source:
dari si uk )
014
469
322
805
Sup
Makass
Takalar
Gowa (
Maros (
Total
Logistics Network
The existing rice di
Table 1. R
: BULOG Divre Sulselb
pplier Amount of
suppliedwarehouse
sar (S1) 72
r (S2) 4.97
S3) 4.27
(S4) 7.02
16.99
Design for Rice Dis
istribution networ
Rice supplied to M
bar
f rice d to
(kg)
Distribution cofrom supplier warehouse (R
20.000 1.123.2
78.990 59.299.
74.750 31.162.
21.650 68,461,
95.390 160.046.9
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
rk at subregional d
Makassar in 2015
ost to
Rp) Warehouse
Df
d
200 W1
771 W2
928 W3
088 Total
987
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page 1
ivision Makassar
Distribution cost from warehouse
to consumer distribution point
(Rp)
9.852.014
5.944.469
1.833.322
17.629.805
es: esi
12
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Sum
Tabel 2. Permin
o Lokas
Kec. Wajo
Kec. Biring
Kec. Bonto
Kec. Maka
Kec. Mam
Kec. Mang
Kec. Maris
Kec. Panak
Kec. Rapp
Kec. Tallo
Kec. Tama
Kec. Tama
Kec. Ujung
Kec. Ujung
Total
mber: BULOG Divre Su
ntaan beras pada
si penyaluran ke p
gkanaya
oala
assar
ajang
ggala
so
kkukang
ocini
alanrea
alate
g Pandang
g Tanah
ulselbar
lokasi distribusi un
pelanggan
ntuk pelanggan
Permintaan (kg
90.93
884.76
230.25
707.94
337.65
475.69
327.52
1.044.12
745.02
1.199.94
342.90
1.340.82
87.30
535.28
8,350.12
L
)
30
60
50
40
50
90
25
20
20
40
00
20
00
80
25
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Source: B
Logistics Network
Table 2. Deman
Consu
Kec. Wajo
Kec. Biringkan
Kec. Bontoala
Kec. Makassa
Kec. Mamajan
Kec. Manggal
Kec. Mariso
Kec. Panakkuk
Kec. Rappocin
Kec. Tallo
Kec. Tamalan
Kec. Tamalate
Kec. Ujung Pa
Kec. Ujung Ta
Total
BULOG Divre Sulselba
Design for Rice Dis
d of rice at consum
umer distribution
naya
a
r
ng
a
kang
ni
rea
e
andang
anah
ar
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
mer distribution po
n point
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page 1
oints
Demand (kg)
90.930
884.760
230.250
707.940
337.650
475.690
327.525
1.044.120
745.020
1.199.940
342.900
1.340.820
87.300
535.280
8,350.125
es: esi
13
HasModel mCPLEX menerakapasitaberas ypelanggkg, W2 dengan dengan yang memana yaterlihat harus mmenunjW2. SemensupGowa mW3. Solberas hmensupW3. Untjumlah dalam hyang dkepada didistribsebagai
sil Penelmatematika diuji cOptimization Stupkan skenario yaas gudang. Pertamyang terdiri dari gan. Pada uji ini, kasebesar 21 juta total biaya logisti10 detik, dan tanemungkinkan untuang harus disuplai.pada Tabel 3, so
memasok 720.000 kukkan bahwa Makmua solusi yang plai ke setiap gudmensuplai 620.820 lusi optimal yang khanya ke W2. Soplai 1.340.820 kg btuk semua solusi y3.355.375 kg berahal jumlah beras yaiperoleh memenukonsumen deng
busikan dari gudanmana diberikan ole
litian coba dan hasil perudio ver. 12.2. ang berbeda dengma‐tama model diu4 pemasok, 3 guapasitas gudang makg, dan W3 sebesik adalah sebesar npa membuka guduk mengirim beras . Hasil yang diperoolusi yang pertamkg beras ke gudangkassar (S1) harus diperoleh menunj
dang. Solusi optimkg beras ke W1, 2kedua menunjukkaolusi optimal yaneras ke W1, 2.313yang diperoleh, Mas. Setiap solusi jugang didistribusikanuhi jumlah permigan jumlah totang W1, W2, dan Weh ketiga solusi dib
rhitungan diperoleUnjuk kerja mogan berbagai komuji untuk menganaudang and 14 titasing‐masing adalasar 6 juta kg. SolRp 81.545.340, deang baru. Tiga sodari pemasok ke gleh disajikan pada
ma menyarankan bg W1 sementara somemasok 720.000jukkan bahwa Tak
mal yang pertama 2.200.970 kg ke W2an bahwa Gowa mng ketiga menunj.110 kg ke W2, daaros (S4) mensuplaga memberikan kon dari gudang ke lontaan pada semul 8.350.125 kg. W3 ke 14 lokasi pberikan pada Tabel
eh menggunakan Iodel diamati denmbinasi pemasok lisa jaringan distritik penyaluran unah: W1 sebesar 21 usi optimal diperoengan CPU time salusi optimal diperogudang dan ke gudTabel 3. Sebagaimbahwa Makassar olusi kedua dan ke0 kg beras ke gudkalar (S2) tidak pmenunjukkan ba
2, dan 1.452.960 kmensuplai 4.274.750jukkan bahwa Gon 620.820 kg berai hanya ke W2 denmbinasi yang berbokasi pelanggan. Soua lokasi penyaluJumlah beras y
permintaan konsum 4, 5 dan 6).
L
ResuLOG ngan dan busi ntuk juta oleh ama oleh dang mana (S1) etiga dang perlu hwa g ke 0 kg owa s ke ngan beda olusi uran yang men
ComputatioStudio ver. applying difcapacities. Inetwork copoints. In tmillion kg, obtained wwithout havtransport thThe results first solutiowarehouse should supTakalar (S2)that Gowa sto W3. Th4.274.750 kGowa supprice to W3. Each solutiowarehousesdemand at quantity ofconsumer d5 and 6.
Logistics Network
ults of Exonal experiments 12.2 to test the mfferent scenarios wInitially, a test modonsisting of 4 supthis test, the folloW2 is 21 million ith a total logisticsving to open a newhe rice from supplobtained are sumon suggests that W1 while the secoply 720.000 kg o) does not supply tsupplies 620.820 ke second alternakg of rice only to Wlies 1.340.820 kg oMaros (S4) supplieon also gives a difs to the consumer all the consumer
f rice to be distribdemand points as g
Design for Rice Dis
xperimenare conducted u
model. The performwith various combidel is generated foppliers, 3 warehouowing warehouse kg, and W3 is 6
s cost of Rp 81,545w warehouse. Thrlier to warehouse marised in Table 3Makassar (S1) shond and the third sf rice to warehouto any warehousekg of rice to W1, 2.tive optimal solu
W2. The third alternof rice to W1, 2.31es only to W2 with fferent combinatiodistribution pointdistribution point
buted from warehgiven by the three
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
nt sing the ILOG CPmance of the modinations of supplieor the analysis of thuses and 14 conscapacities were a
6 million kg. An o,340, with a CPU tee optimal solutioand to which war3. As can be seen ould supply 720.0solutions indicate tuse W2. All solut. The first optimal .200.970 kg to W2,tion indicates thanative optimal solu13.110 kg to W2, 3.355.375 kg of ric
on of rice to be diss. The solutions obts with a total of houses W1, W2, asolutions are pres
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page 1
PLEX Optimizationdel is examined byers and warehousehe rice distributionsumer distributionapplied: W1 is 21optimal solution isime of 10 sec, andons are possible torehouse to supply.from Table 3, the000 kg of rice tothat Makassar (S1)ions indicate thatsolution indicates, and 1.452.960 kgat Gowa suppliesution indicates thatand 620.820 kg ofce for all solutions.stributed from thebtained satisfy the8.350.125 kg. Theand W3 to the 14sented in Tables 4,
es: esi
14
n y e n n 1 s d o . e o ) t s g s t f . e e e 4 ,
Tab
Pe
MakMakMakTakTakTakGoGoGoMaMaMa
Tabel 3: Jumla
bel 4: Solusi I – Jum
emasok Gudang
kassar (S1) W1
kassar (S1) W2
kassar (S1) W3
kalar (S2) W1
kalar (S2) W2
kalar (S2) W3
owa (S3) W1
owa (S3) W2
owa (S3) W3
aros (S4) W1
aros (S4) W2
aros (S4) W3 Total
h beras untuk diki
mlah beras yang di
Jumlah beras untuk disuplai ke gudang
(kg) I
720.000 0 0 0 0 0
620.820 2.200.970 1.452.960
0 3.355.375
0 8.350.125
irim dari pemasok
isalurkan dari guda
Jumlah beras untuk disuplai ke gudang
(kg) II
0 0
720.000 0 0 0 0
4.274.750 0 0
3.355.375 0
8.350.125
ke gudang
ang ke pelanggan
Jumlah beras untuk disuplai ke gudang
(kg) III
0 0
720.000 0 0 0
1.340.820 2.313.110
620.820 0
3.355.375 0
8.350.125
L
Table
Table 4
Suppl
MakassarMakassarMakassarTakalar Takalar Takalar Gowa (Gowa (Gowa (Maros (Maros (Maros (
Logistics Network
e 3: Quantity of ric
4: Solution I ‐ Qua
ier Warehouse
r (S1) W1
r (S1) W2
r (S1) W3
(S2) W1
(S2) W2
(S2) W3
(S3) W1
(S3) W2
(S3) W3
(S4) W1
(S4) W2
(S4) W3 Total
Design for Rice Dis
e to be transporte
ntity of rice to be consumer
Amount of rice to be supplied to
warehouse (kg)
A
I
720.000 0 0 0 0 0
620.820 2.200.970 1.452.960
0 3.355.375
0 8.350.125
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
ed from supplier to
distributed from w
Amount of rice to be supplied to
warehouse (kg)
Amo
wII
0 0
720.000 0 0 0 0
4.274.750 0 0
3.355.375 0
8.350.125
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page 1
o warehouse
warehouse to
ount of rice to be supplied to
warehouse (kg) III
0 0
720.000 0 0 0
1.340.820 2.313.110
620.820 0
3.355.375 0
8.350.125
es: esi
15
Tab
Tab
bel 5: Solusi II – Jum
bel 6: Solusi III – Ju
mlah beras yang d
mlah beras yang d
isalurkan dari gud
disalurkan dari gud
ang ke pelanggan
dang ke pelanggan
L
Table 5
Table 6
Logistics Network
5: Solution II ‐ Qua
6: Solution III ‐ Qua
Design for Rice Dis
antity of rice to be consumer
antity of rice to beconsumer
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
distributed from w
e distributed from w
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page 1
warehouse to
warehouse to
es: esi
16
Jaringan
Selanjutgudang 17.44%.gudang sebagai
n optimal distribus
Gambar
tnya, solusi optimmenunjukkan ba
. Pada saat yang ke lokasi konsummana yang diperlih
i beras diberikan p
8: Jaringan distrib
al dalam hal jumlahwa biaya total sama, jumlah op
men, biaya total trhatkan berturut‐tu
pada Gambar 8.
busi beras yang opt
ah beras yang diktransportasi dapaptimal beras untuansportasinya merut pada Gambar 9
timal
kirim dari pemasokat diturunkan sebeuk didistribusikan nurun sebesar 5.69 dan 10.
L
k ke esar dari 68%,
The optimiz
Further, thsupplier to reduced by from the wtransportat
Logistics Network
zed network for ric
Figure 8: O
e optimal solutiothe warehouses 17.44%. At the sawarehouses to thion cost by 5.68%,
Design for Rice Dis
e distribution is sh
Optimized rice dist
n for the amountsuggests that thme time, the optimhe consumer distas shown by Figur
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
own in Figure 8.
ribution network
t of rice to be dee total transportamal amount of ricetribution points hes 9 and 10 respec
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page 1
elivered from theation cost can bee to be distributedhas reduced totalctively.
es: esi
17
e e d l
Gambar
Gambarpendist
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
0
300000
600000
900000
1200000
1500000
r 9: Jumlah beras o
r 10: Jumlah berasribusian
0
000
000
000
000
000
W1 W2 W3
S1 S1 S1
Jumlah yang
0
0
0
0
0
0
C1 C2 C3 C4
Jumlah yang
optimal untuk diki
s yang optimal unt
W1 W2 W3 W1 W
S2 S2 S2 S3 S
g disuplai (kg) dan
Opt I Opt II
C5 C6 C7 C8 C
g dikirim (kg) ke lodisalurkan
W1 W2
rim dari pemasok
uk dikirim dari gud
W2 W3 W1 W2 W3
3 S3 S4 S4 S4
dikirim ke gudang
Opt III
C9 C10 C11 C12 C13
kasi konsumen untn
W3
ke gudang
dang ke lokasi‐loka
C14
tuk
S = PemasoC = PelanggW = GudangOpt = Komboptimal jumberas untukdikirim daripemasok kegudang
S = PemasoC = PelanggW = Gudan
L
asi
Figure 9: Op
Figure 10: Odistribution
0
1000000
2000000
3000000
4000000
5000000
0
300000
600000
900000
1200000
1500000
C
k gan g binasi mlah k e
ok gan ng
Logistics Network
ptimal amount of r
Optimized amountn points
W1 W2 W3 W1
S1 S1 S1 S2
Supply qtran
Opt
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
Delivery quanti
W1
Design for Rice Dis
rice to be sent from
t of rice to be sent
W2 W3 W1 W2 W
S2 S2 S3 S3 S
quantity (kg) that snsported to wareh
t I Opt II Op
C6 C7 C8 C9 C
ty (kg) to consumedistributed
1 W2 W
TLI – Asia Pacificstribution in Makas
m supplier to ware
from warehouses
W3 W1 W2 W3
S3 S4 S4 S4
should be ouse
pt III
10 C11 C12 C13 C14
er locations to be
W3
c Whitepaper Seriessar, South Sulawe
Halaman / Page 1
ehouse
to consumer
S = Suppliers C = Customers W = WarehousesOpt = Optimal combination of rice quantity to be transported from supplier towarehouse
S = Suppliers C = Customers W = Warehouse
es: esi
18
s
es
KesPenelitiberas dpengirimuntuk kdan totmenunjdengan dalam lumum dIndonesdan dipdan diagudang,mengandan Sulaterkait ddan jumendap
simpulanan ini memberikani Makassar. Tujuaman beras dari pekonsumen. Permastal biaya logistikukkan bahwa mowaktu komputasingkup sebuah modan dapat diadaptsia. Sebagai tambaperluas dengan meaplikasikan pada s, dan konsumennalisa keseluruhan awesi Barat (Sulsedengan aliran berauga menggunakapatkan solusi.
n
n model matematin dari model adalemasok ke gudangsalahan ini diselesa dapat dikurangidel yang diusulkasi yang dapat diteodel optimasi dentasi pada permasahan, model optimaemasukkan elemensistem logistik ya akhir. Penelitiajaringan operasi lo
elbar), dan mensimas dari daerah yanan pendekatan
ka untuk permasaah untuk mendapg, dan dari gudangaikan sampai didai secara signifikan mampu mendaerima. Meskipun ngan 3 tingkat, moalahan jaringan logasi yang diusulkan n lain yang sesuai ng melibatkan lebn selanjutnya akogistik beras di wilmulasikan pengaruhng berlebih ke daebi‐level robust
lahan jaringan logatkan biaya minimg ke lokasi penyaluapatkan solusi optin. Hasil perhitunpatkan solusi optimodel yang disajodel tersebut bersgistik yang berbedini dapat ditingkatdalam sistem logbih banyak pemakan dilakukan unayah Sulawesi Selah berbagai aspek yerah yang kekurangoptimisation un
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