How IT works
by Peter Martin www.db8.nl / @pe7er
1.Computer
2.Operating System
3.Network
4.Internet
5.Server
How IT works
6.Email
7.WWW
8.Website
9.OOP
10.Joomla
1. Computer
Compute
ENIAC
PDP-1
Definition
A computer is a general purpose machine that can be instructed to do a specific task
You want a typewriter? Load a typewriter programme;
IBM System/360
Altair 8800
Apple ][
Commodore 64
IBM PC
Long Term MemoryROM, Tape, Floppies, Harddisk, SSD
INPUT Switches, keyboard, mouse, scanner, joystick, touch screen
OUTPUTLEDs,display, monitor, printer
Short Term MemoryRAM (Random- Access Memory)
Hardware
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
2. Operating System
Operating System
Hardware
Programme
Operating System
ProgrammeProgramme Programme
Graphical User Interface Command line interface
Command Line Interface
Graphical User Interface
+- 1975 UNIX Mainframe computer
Multi-tasking Multi-user Safety & stability
1991 Linux PC, servers,
embedded
Command Line & GUI
*nix
+- 1981 MSDOS Command Line
1985 WindowsGUI for MSDOS
1995 Windows '95GUI with CMD prompt
Microsoft
+- 1984 System 1 for Macintosh 128K
1999 OSX Unix-based Operating
System + Graphical User Interface
Terminal (= programme to use Command Line)
Apple
2003 by Google Open Source For Smart Phones Linux kernel !
Android
3. Network
Sneakernet
Networking
Networking
Networking
Networking
Ethernet
Connecting...Hello everyone!
I am new!
Hello new one! I am 192.168.0.1
and your gateway to the outside world
From now on youare 192.168.0.42
You can look up IP addresses
of domain namesat DNS
with IP 8.8.8.8
Let's useDynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Oops... Internet Protocol
is next item...
4. Internet
Definition 1
Internet = Network between connected local networks;
Inter-network
Internet
Definition 2
Internet = Packet Switching on TCP/IP
TransmissionControlProtocol InternetProtocol
Packet Switching
All transmitted data is divided into blocks, packets
Those packets can travel using different routes
The destination merges the packets
Sharing
Internet Protocol
Host addressing and identificationwho is who
Packet routingshortest route?
TCP
Here's a packet Thanks,
I got it!Here's the next packet
Packets travel from router to router to router to router to router to router to router to destination
Quality Control? Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)!
DNS
What's DNS?
173.194.65.139 is your friend!
DNSGoogle.com?
173.194.65.139 !
Dear 173.194.65.139, please give me index page
5. Server
Server
Logical ports
Multi-user Multi-tasking:
Front-door (visitors) Electricity line Water pipe Sewer pipe Telephone line Cable television line Internet connection line Mailbox Garbage can
Logical ports
Multi-user Multi-tasking:
ftp: 21 SSH: 22 SMTP: 25 HTTP: 80 POP3: 110 IMAP: 143
6. E-mail
E-mail = text file
E-mail Header: sender, IP address sender, receiver, return address, message ID, all mail servers on route, spam flags, etc.
Peter @ db8.nl POP3 server (or IMAP) @db8.nl handles e-mail Stores it in text file for Peter Or replies with bounce message
Send E-mail
From: [email protected] To: [email protected] Message:
Dear Bill, Almost 10 years I discovered Linux and now I am not fond of Windows anymore. If I buy a PC for Linux, I still have to pay license fees for Windows.
Could you please refund my money?Kind regards,Peter
Receive E-mail
From: [email protected] To: [email protected] Message:
Dear Peter, How are you doing?
Sorry to hear that you dont like our Operating System any more.Please keep in mind that our next Windows version will be much better!
Sorry, but we dont have a refund policy.Yours sincerely,Bill Gates
PS: I noticed that your website runs on Joomla. Thats awesome! BTW: Joomla also works on our products Windows IIS + MSSQL!
Bounce MessageUndelivered Mail Returned to SenderThis is the mail system at host mail-out.microsoft.com. I'm sorry to have to inform you that your message could not be delivered to one or more recipients. It's attached below.
For further assistance, please send mail to postmaster.
If you do so, please include this problem report. You can delete your own text from the attached returned message.
The mail system: host microsoft.com[134.170.188.221] said: 550 "Unknown User"Reporting-MTA: dns; mail-out.s1.byte.nlX-Postfix-Sender: rfc822;Arrival-Date: Tue, 9 Sep 2014 11:09:20 +0200 (CEST)
Final-Recipient: rfc822; [email protected] Original-Recipient: rfc822; [email protected]: failedStatus: 5.0.0Remote-MTA: dns; microsoft.comDiagnostic-Code: smtp; 550 "Unknown User"
7. WWW
WWW
World Wide Web = HyperText Transfer Protocol
WWW Internet ! WWW = A collection of HTML documents
HyperText Markup Language Text files with information linked to other text files
Surfing
Browsing on the WWW:
YOU ARE NOT VISITING A WEBSITE
HTTP(S) HTTP (port 80) All traffic = plain text
HTTPS (port 443) All traffic via encrypted connection protects your data on route No safeguard for data on unsafe server....
HTML
Text file with markup Markup defines elements:
pagetitle, paragraph, heading, hyperlink, image, CSS
Hyperlink = created by browser Image = just reference, loaded by browser CSS = layout definition interpreted by browser
8. Website
Dedicated server Shared hosting VPS
Server types
Your own rack Your own configuration Expensive
Dedicated
Part of one rack Share with 100 others Same configuration Neighbours:
Hacked? Popular site?
Shared
Virtual Private Server Virtual machine Scalable Your own configuration Management
by hosting company unmanaged = by yourself
VPS
Static Static website
Just HTML text files CSS stylesheet Images
Not interactive Need FTP & local editor
Dynamic
PHP - Scripting language composes HTML MySQL Database stores all content
9. OOP
Objects Object Oriented Programming
Object = a special variable
some sort of container,contains variables & functions inside
Objects Object
Class -> Blueprint Blackbox
Input & output Inner-workings unknown Documentation how to use object
Reusable
Baking a cake
Baking a cake Ingredients:
150 gr superfine sugar 150 gr butter (room temperature!) 150 gr fine flour 3 eggs (room temperature!) 1 sachet vanilla sugar ( = 8 gr) 2 gr salt Bit of baking powder ( = 5 gr) Juice from 1/2 lemon
superfine sugar
Baking a cake Recipe:
Pre-heat oven at 150 degrees Celsius Grease the (cup) cake tin with butter, and put some flour over
it to prevent the cake sticking to the tin Put butter + sugar + vanilla sugar + salt + lemon juice in a
bowl and mix into a smooth mass While mixing fast, add the eggs one by one While mixing slow, gently add the flour + backing powder and
mix into a smooth mass of dough Put the dough into the (cup) cake tin Put the tin in the oven for 55 minutes (do not open the 1st 30
minutes!)
Object!
Object! Object: The Mixer
Input: ingredients, time Output: cake dough
Blackbox Innerworkings unknown Mixer can be replaced by other object
Reusable
Nibble, nibble little mouse,
Who's that nibbling at my house
Re-use Object
Daughter asks daddy for cake (= Object), icing sugar, water & candy
Peter + cake recipe becomes object
Daddy, I want to make a Hansel & Gretel
house
Re-use
OOP in coding Create a PDF? I don't know how.... but know how to
download a PDF Class, e.g. www.fpdf.org load that PDF class use that blueprint
Create PDF
10. Joomla
CMS
Joomla is an award-winning content management system (CMS), which enables you to build Web sites and powerful online applications.
Many aspects, including its ease-of-use and extensibility, have made Joomla the most popular Web site software available.
Best of all, Joomla is an open source solution that is freely available to everyone. www.joomla.org
Framework
Joomla is a frameworkA CMS on which to build web applications
Joomla framework= Joomla without CMS
A foundation on which to build web applications
Project
Joomla is a projecta community-based project with contributors from all over the world working in many different capacities.
OS
Joomla is a sort of Operating System,a layer between Joomla's components & 3rd party components and the webserver
Admin GUI
Joomla is a Graphical User Interface between the website administrator and the database that stores all information.
Admin GUI admin template
Visitor's GUI
Joomla is a Graphical User Interface between Website visitor the database with articles
Visitor GUI front-end template + device Please make it beautiful
and user friendly!!!
Conclusion
1.Computer
2.Operating System
3.Network
4.Internet
5.Server
Conclusion
6.Email
7.WWW
8.Website
9.OOP
10.Joomla
Questions?
Peter Martin
e-mail: info at db8.nl
website: www.db8.nl
twitter: @pe7er
Presentation: http://www.db8.nl Review this presentation: https://joind.in/talk/view/11651
Used PhotosTitle sheet:
Steampunk Workshop Flat-Panel LCD Monitor - Jake von Slatthttp://steampunkworkshop.com/lcd.shtml
Map of Netherlands & Germany, Googlemaps
1. Computer IBM Electronic Data Processing Machine - GPN-2000-001881, NASA, 1957
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/IBM_Electronic_Data_Processing_Machine_-_GPN-2000-001881.jpg
Human computers - Dryden, NACA (NASA), 1949http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Human_computers_-_Dryden.jpg
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. Army Photo, 1947 to 1955
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Eniac.jpg PDP-1, Matthew Hutchinson, 2006
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PDP-1.jpg DM IBM S360, Ben Franske, 2006
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DM_IBM_S360.jpg
Used Photos Commodore-64-Computer, Evan-Amos, 2011
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Commodore-64-Computer.png Tdkc60cassette, Stonda, 2005
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tdkc60cassette.jpg Commodore-Datassette, Toni Saarikko, 2006
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Commodore-Datassette.jpg Ibm pc 5150, Ruben de Rijcke, 2010
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ibm_pc_5150.jpg
2. Operating System C64c system, Bill Bertram, 2005
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:C64c_system.jpg Macintosh 128k transparency, Kevin chen, 2006
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Macintosh_128k_transparency.png
Used Photos3. Local Area Network (LAN)
Wm2005-hackday-guerilla-networking, Andrew Lih, 2005
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wm2005-hackday-guerilla-networking.JPG Floppy disk 2009 G1, George Chernilevsky, 2009
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Floppy_disk_2009_G1.jpg SanDisk Cruzer Micro, Evan-Amos, 2011
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SanDisk_Cruzer_Micro.png CD-R Front, Stefan Khn, 2003
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CD-R_Front.jpg Harddisk in USB external box, Vojtch Brzek, 2011
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Harddisk_in_USB_external_box.jpg
4. Internet (Wide Area Network (WAN)) ARPANET as of Jun 30, 1982 - BBN map - DSC00123, BBN Technologies, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
2013
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ARPANET_as_of_Jun_30,_1982_-_BBN_map_-_DSC00123.JPG Old Phonebooks at Salton Sea - Gentle, 2010
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Old_Phonebooks_at_Salton_Sea.jpg
Used Photos3. Local Area Network (LAN)
Wm2005-hackday-guerilla-networking, Andrew Lih, 2005
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wm2005-hackday-guerilla-networking.JPG Floppy disk 2009 G1, George Chernilevsky, 2009
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Floppy_disk_2009_G1.jpg SanDisk Cruzer Micro, Evan-Amos, 2011
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SanDisk_Cruzer_Micro.png CD-R Front, Stefan Khn, 2003
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CD-R_Front.jpg Harddisk in USB external box, Vojtch Brzek, 2011
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Harddisk_in_USB_external_box.jpg
4. Internet (Wide Area Network (WAN)) ARPANET as of Jun 30, 1982 - BBN map - DSC00123, BBN Technologies, Cambridge,
Massachusetts, 2013
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ARPANET_as_of_Jun_30,_1982_-_BBN_map_-_DSC00123.JPG
Used Photos5. Server
Waiter pouring Zardetto sparkling Prosecco, Jeff Kubina, 2009
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Waiter_pouring_Zardetto_sparkling_Prosecco.jpg Wikimedia Servers-0051 16, Helpameout, 2012
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wikimedia_Servers-0051_16.jpg Server Linux, Michael Jastremski, 2005
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Server_Linux.jpg Wenskaart Buurman & Buurman Zo...nieuw huis?
http://www.buurmanenbuurman.eu/zonieuw-huis.html Inside and Rear of Webserver, Rodzilla, 2005
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Inside_and_Rear_of_Webserver.jpg
6. Email Pigeon Messengers (Harper's Engraving), Harper's New Monthly Magazine, No. 275, April,
1873.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pigeon_Messengers_(Harper's_Engraving).png
Used Photos7. WWW & HTML/CSS/JavaScript
HypertextEditingSystemConsoleBrownUniv1969, Greg Lloyd, 1969
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HypertextEditingSystemConsoleBrownUniv1969.jpg
8. Website & PHP/MySQL Fachada del Nacimiento - Templo de la Sagrada Famlia, Barcelona 3, Sal34, 2011
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fachada_del_Nacimiento_-_Templo_de_la_Sagrada_Fam%C3%ADlia,_Barcelona_3.jpg
9. Object Oriented Programming (OOP) Lego Color Bricks, Alan Chia, 2007
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lego_Color_Bricks.jpg
10. Joomla tricorderunbox4, Bobbie Johnson, 2009
https://www.flickr.com/photos/bojo/4078685614/in/photostream/
Conclusion EquinoxeJuniorHighPac-Man - Equinoxe, 2012
http://www.c64-wiki.com/index.php/File:EquinoxeJuniorHighPac-Man.png
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